Dielectric Unions: A Detailed Guide to Uses & Advantages

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Dielectric Unions: Definition and Importance

Dielectric insulated unions are essential plumbing fittings that are used to connect two different types of metal pipes or tubes with flanges. These unions consist of a plastic sleeve and a rubber gasket that separate the two metals, preventing them from coming into contact with each other and causing galvanized corrosion. This separation helps to prevent galvanic corrosion, which occurs when two dissimilar metals come into contact in the presence of an electrolyte, such as water, through connections.

The purpose of insulated unions, such as dielectric unions, is to prevent the corrosion caused by the electrochemical reaction between two dissimilar metals. When galvanized and epoxy connections come into contact with each other in the presence of an electrolyte, such as water, they can form a battery-like cell that results in accelerated corrosion. This process can lead to leaks, pipe failure and even contamination of drinking water.

The materials used in dielectric unions vary depending on their application and environment. The most commonly used materials include brass or bronze for the body, stainless steel for the bolts and nuts, and plastic or rubber for the insulating sleeve. Dielectric unions are particularly useful when connecting different metal pipelines, flanges, or any dissimilar metal to prevent galvanic corrosion.

In addition to preventing galvanic corrosion, dielectric unions also provide an easy way to disconnect different metal pipelines without having to cut them. This makes repairs and replacements much easier and less time-consuming. Dielectric unions are also useful for connecting flanges and fittings in galvanized systems.

Preventing Corrosion and Leaks in Plumbing Systems with Dielectric Unions

Galvanic corrosion is a common problem that occurs when two different metals are connected in a plumbing system through a connection or fitting. This can cause leaks, damage to galvanized pipes, and other issues that can be costly to repair. Fortunately, dielectric unions with flanges offer an effective solution to this problem.

Preventing Galvanic Corrosion

Dielectric unions are designed to prevent galvanic corrosion by separating two different metals in a plumbing system. They work by creating a barrier between the metals, preventing them from coming into contact with each other and causing corrosion. This is especially important in water systems where there is a high risk of corrosion due to the presence of minerals and other contaminants. Dielectric unions are commonly used to connect galvanized pipes, fittings, and flanges to other types of metal pipes and fittings.

Sweat Dielectric Unions

One of the most common types of dielectric unions used in plumbing systems is the sweat dielectric union. This type of union is made up of two parts: a threaded section that connects to the pipeline fitting and a sweat section that connects to the copper tubing. The threaded section is typically made from brass or stainless steel, while the sweat section is copper. Dielectric unions are commonly used to connect metal pipelines, such as galvanized pipes, to prevent corrosion caused by the connection of dissimilar metals.

Coating and Insulation

In addition to using dielectric unions, it&#;s also possible to coat them with epoxy or insulate them with rubber for added protection against corrosion. Coating the union with epoxy helps protect it from exposure to moisture, while insulation helps prevent heat transfer between different pipe materials and fitting materials. Galvanized material can also be used for added protection against corrosion.

Dk-Lok Dielectric Union

One example of a high-quality dielectric union is the Dk-Lok Dielectric Union. This insulated union pipe fitting features NPT threads for easy installation and comes in sizes ranging from 1/4 inch to 12 millimeters. It&#;s made from high-quality materials that are resistant to corrosion and designed for long-lasting performance. For those looking for additional options, DK-Lok Unions also offer a range of fittings for various tube sizes.

Dielectric Union Cross Section DK-Lok

How Dielectric Unions Work and Their Role in Water Control

Preventing Corrosion with Dielectric Unions

Galvanic corrosion is a common problem in plumbing systems, especially when galvanized pipes or fittings are used. It occurs when two different metals come into contact with each other and an electrical current flows between them through the connection. This can cause the metal to corrode and eventually fail, leading to leaks or other damage. However, dielectric unions provide a simple solution to this problem by isolating the connection between the galvanized pipe and fitting.

Separating Metals with Non-Conductive Materials

Dielectric unions work by separating two different metals with a non-conductive material, such as plastic or rubber. By doing so, they prevent the flow of electrical current between the metals and eliminate the risk of galvanic corrosion. These unions are commonly used in water heaters and other plumbing systems where dissimilar metals are present. Additionally, they can be used to connect galvanized pipes and fittings, providing a secure and corrosion-resistant connection.

Ensuring Longevity for Plumbing Systems

Without dielectric unions, the connection between metal pipes can result in corrosion over time, which can cause expensive problems. For example, if copper pipes are connected to galvanized steel pipes, the zinc in the galvanized steel will corrode much faster due to the presence of copper ions. This can lead to leaks or even burst pipes if left unchecked, which may require costly fitting replacements.

Using Dielectric Unions for Water Heater Maintenance

One common use case for dielectric unions is in water heater maintenance. Water heaters typically have two different types of metal components: a steel tank and copper piping. If these components are not separated properly, they can create an environment that is conducive to galvanic corrosion. This can lead to damage to the pipe and fitting, as well as depletion of the zinc coating.

By installing dielectric unions between the water heater and galvanized pipe, homeowners can ensure that their water heater lasts longer without any issues caused by galvanic corrosion. This is because galvanized pipes contain zinc which, when in contact with the water heater, can result in galvanic corrosion. In fact, some manufacturers require the installation of dielectric unions as part of their warranty program to prevent this issue.

Connecting Copper Pipe to Galvanized Iron Pipeline: The Need for Dielectric Unions

The Importance of Dielectric Unions When Connecting Copper Pipe to Galvanized Iron Pipeline

Different size metal pipelines require special attention connecting copper pipe to galvanized iron pipeline requires the use of dielectric unions. These unions prevent metal-to-metal contact and protect pipes from corrosion, which can result in zinc degradation.

Galvanized iron and copper are different metals that can cause corrosion when connected directly. Zinc in galvanized iron can react with copper, leading to leaks and pipe damage. This is why unions are necessary for connecting these two types of pipes.

Dielectric unions work by using a non-conductive material between the two metals, preventing them from coming into direct contact with each other. The union has two parts: one part connects to the copper pipe, while the other part connects to the galvanized iron and zinc pipeline. The two parts are connected by a non-conductive material such as rubber or plastic.

Using dielectric unions not only prevents corrosion but also extends the life of your galvanized pipes. Without proper protection, zinc corrosion can lead to leaks and even burst pipes over time. By using dielectric unions, you can avoid costly repairs and replacements down the line.

It&#;s important to note that not all unions for pipes are created equal. It&#;s essential to choose a high-quality union made from durable materials like galvanized steel with zinc coating that will last for years without deteriorating or breaking down over time.

Dielectric Unions vs Brass: Which is Better for Plumbing Systems?

Preventing Galvanic Corrosion: Dielectric Unions vs Brass Fittings

Galvanic corrosion is a common problem in plumbing systems that can lead to leaks, damage, and costly repairs. It occurs when two dissimilar metals such as galvanized steel pipe and zinc-coated fittings are in contact with each other, causing a chemical reaction that corrodes the metal. One solution to prevent galvanic corrosion is to use unions instead of brass fittings.

Brass fittings have been used for decades in plumbing systems due to their durability and affordability. However, brass is an alloy made from copper and zinc, which can cause galvanic corrosion when it comes into contact with other metals such as steel or iron. To prevent this, galvanized fittings can be used instead. Additionally, insulated unions, sweat dielectric union, and Hart industrial unions can also be utilized to avoid corrosion and pipe failure while ensuring the safety of drinking water.

On the other hand, dielectric unions are specifically designed to prevent galvanic corrosion caused by the contact of galvanized pipes with dissimilar metals. This is because galvanized pipes are coated with a layer of zinc which can react with other metals when exposed to moisture or acidic environments. To avoid this, unions separate the zinc-coated pipes from other metals with a non-conductive material such as plastic or rubber, creating a barrier between the zinc and other metals.

While brass fittings may be less expensive than unions initially, they can end up costing more in the long run due to potential damage caused by galvanic corrosion. Galvanized pipes with zinc coating are particularly susceptible to this type of corrosion. Dielectric unions are more durable and have a longer lifespan than brass fittings because they are not subject to this type of corrosion.

Choosing between dielectric unions and brass fittings depends on the specific needs of the pipe plumbing system. If cost is a major factor, brass fittings may be preferred. However, if preventing galvanic corrosion caused by the contact of zinc with other metals and ensuring long-term durability are top priorities, then dielectric unions would be the better option.

Exploring Dielectric Insulated Series Class and Unions

Different Models of Dielectric Unions: Exploring the Best Fit for Your Plumbing System

Dielectric unions are essential components in plumbing systems that prevent galvanic corrosion. This type of corrosion occurs when two different metals, such as zinc, come into contact with each other, causing a chemical reaction that damages the pipes over time.unions are designed to separate these metals and prevent this reaction from occurring.

There are several models of dielectric unions available on the market for pipe connections, each with unique features and benefits. The most common types include standard unions, zinc dielectric insulated unions, and dielectric insulated series class unions.

Standard dielectric unions are the most basic type and consist of two parts &#; a threaded metal fitting on one end and a plastic or rubber sleeve on the other end. These sleeves act as an insulator between the two metals, preventing them from coming into direct contact with each other through the pipe.

Dielectric insulated unions take this concept further by adding an additional layer of insulation around the metal fitting and pipe. This extra insulation provides added protection against galvanic corrosion and can help extend the life of your plumbing system.

For those looking to protect their pipes, dielectric insulated series class unions may be the best option. These unions feature multiple layers of insulation and can withstand higher pressure and temperature than standard or insulated dielectric unions. They are often used in commercial or industrial pipe applications where plumbing systems are under constant stress.

Choosing the right model for your plumbing system depends on several factors, including water pressure, temperature, usage, pipes, insulated unions, and unions. It&#;s important to consult with a professional plumber before making any decisions to ensure you choose the best fit for your specific needs.

Installing Dielectric Unions for Copper Pipe and Galvanized Iron Pipeline Connections

Insulated unions are used to connect pipes made of dissimilar metals in piping systems. These unions, known as unions, prevent corrosion caused by the interaction of different metals in the pipe. In this section, we will discuss the importance of unions and their applications in various pipe industries.

Preventing Corrosion with Dielectric Unions

When two dissimilar metals come into contact with each other, they create a galvanic cell that leads to corrosion. This phenomenon is commonly seen in pipelines where copper pipes are connected to galvanized iron pipes. To prevent this, insulated unions or sweat unions can be used to separate the two metals and avoid any potential damage to the pipeline system.

To prevent this from happening, unions are installed at the connection point between the two different metals. These unions are made up of two parts: a metal part and an insulating part. The metal part connects to one type of pipe while the insulating part connects to the other type of pipe.

Hart Industrial Unions for Steel Pipelines

Hart Industrial Unions is a popular brand that offers unions for steel pipelines. They provide high-quality insulated fittings that ensure reliable performance and long-lasting protection against corrosion.

These insulated fittings can be used in various applications such as water treatment plants, oil refineries, chemical processing plants, and more. They can be used with flanges, fittings, tubes, sweat dielectric union or any other type of connection point where dissimilar metals meet. These fittings are also ideal for pipe applications.

Applications of Dielectric Unions

Dielectric unions find their applications in various industries such as plumbing and HVAC systems. In plumbing systems where copper pipes are connected to galvanized iron pipes or brass valves are connected to copper pipes; these insulated fittings play a vital role in preventing corrosion and ensuring the longevity of the pipeline system.

In HVAC systems, the use of unions between copper tubing and pipes with aluminum fins on air conditioning coils can effectively prevent galvanic corrosion. This is crucial in avoiding refrigerant leaks and system failure.

Benefits of Using Dielectric Unions in HVAC Systems

Preventing Galvanic Corrosion in HVAC Systems

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Dielectric unions are essential components in HVAC systems because they prevent galvanic corrosion. Galvanic corrosion occurs when two dissimilar metals are in contact with each other, and an electrolyte is present. In HVAC systems, this can happen when copper pipes come into contact with steel fittings or valves. The result is the breakdown of the metal, which can lead to leaks, reduced efficiency, and system failure.

By using unions between dissimilar metals in an HVAC system&#;s pipes, you can prevent galvanic corrosion from occurring. These unions have a non-conductive material such as plastic or rubber that separates the two metals and prevents them from coming into direct contact with each other through the pipes. This separation eliminates the flow of electrical currents between the two metals, which is what causes galvanic corrosion.

Increasing Lifespan of Pipes and Fittings

In addition to preventing galvanic corrosion, dielectric unions also increase the lifespan of pipes and fittings in an HVAC system. When galvanic corrosion occurs, it weakens the metal and makes it more susceptible to leaks and failures. By preventing this type of corrosion from happening, unions help ensure that your pipes and fittings last longer.

Reducing Maintenance Costs

By preventing galvanic corrosion and increasing the lifespan of pipes and fittings, dielectric unions can help reduce maintenance costs for your HVAC system. Leaks caused by corroded pipes or fittings can be costly to repair, not to mention the potential damage they can cause if left unchecked. By using unions to prevent these types of issues from occurring in the first place, you can save money on repairs and maintenance over time.

Improving System Efficiency

Another benefit of using dielectric unions in an HVAC system is improved efficiency. When galvanic corrosion occurs in pipes or fittings, it can create blockages or restrictions that reduce flow rates through the system. This can cause the system to work harder to maintain the desired temperature, which can lead to higher energy bills and reduced efficiency.

By preventing galvanic corrosion and maintaining proper flow rates, unions help HVAC pipe systems operate more efficiently. This can help you save money on energy costs over time while also ensuring that your pipe system is working at its best.

Ensuring Safe and Reliable Operation

Finally, dielectric unions are important for ensuring safe and reliable operation of an HVAC system. Corroded pipes or fittings can pose a safety risk if they fail and cause water damage or other issues in your building. By using unions to prevent these types of failures from occurring, you can ensure that your HVAC system operates safely and reliably.

When to Use Dielectric Unions

Dielectric unions should be used whenever dissimilar metals come into contact with each other in an HVAC system. This includes situations where copper pipes are connected to steel fittings or valves. By using unions in these situations, you can prevent galvanic corrosion from occurring and enjoy all of the benefits outlined above.

The Importance of Dielectric Unions in Extending the Life of Plumbing Systems

In conclusion, the importance of unions in extending the life of pipe plumbing systems cannot be overstated. These small but crucial components play a significant role in preventing corrosion and leaks that can lead to costly repairs and replacements of the pipe. By using DK-Lok dielectric unions, homeowners and businesses can ensure that their pipe plumbing systems remain efficient, reliable, and long-lasting.

Whether connecting copper pipes to galvanized iron pipelines or installing HVAC systems, unions offer an effective solution for controlling water flow while protecting against damage caused by dissimilar metals. With their unique design that utilizes non-conductive materials to separate different metals, these unions provide a barrier against electrolysis and other corrosive forces.

Furthermore, dielectric unions are versatile and adaptable to a wide range of applications. They come in various sizes and configurations to fit different types of pipes and fittings, making them an essential component for any plumbing system. They are easy to install and require minimal maintenance, making them a cost-effective solution for preventing damage from corrosion.

Interested in DK-Lok Dielectric Unions? Reach out to Michigan Valve and Fitting today for expert advice and top-quality products. Don&#;t wait, contact us now!

Plumbing is all about pipes and fittings. Pipes establish the runs that bring or take water, with fittings controlling and manipulating the flow. Pipes are simple enough: they're straight, and come in different sizes. Pick the right material and length, and you're pretty much good to go. Fittings - for a plumber - are much the same. But for the average homeowner, there are a lot of fittings. Some can be perplexing, others downright intimidating once materials and sizing are considered. The sizing we'll explore in another article; for now, you can learn a little bit about the most common fittings found in your home's plumbing. Never again will you need to ask for "the thingy with the two ends that connects the two pipes at an angle"!

Different Fitting Types

Adapters

Brass Flare x MIPS Adapter

Brass Flare x MIPS Adapter

Adapters are used to extend runs, or to simply change the connection type at the end of a pipe. This allows dissimilar pipes to be connected, without the need for a more involved setup.

Adapters are available in most all standard materials: ABS, brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.

Bushings

Stainless Steel Bushing

Stainless Steel Bushing

Bushings are used to join pipes of different sizes, usually by reducing a larger fitting down to a smaller pipe. Bushings are usually - not always - threaded both inside and out, and take up very little space compared to a coupling or union, which accomplish the same goal.

Offered in: ABS, brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.

Note: Some fitting types, like bushings, have limitations placed on their use (or are not allowed at all) by some plumbing codes. Remember to check local plumbing codes prior to purchasing.

Caps & Plugs

PVC Cap

PVC Cap

Caps are, surprisingly enough, used to cap a pipe end. Plugs do pretty much the same thing, but usually fit inside the fitting, and are threaded to allow for future use of the pipe. Caps can be threaded, glued, or soldered onto pipe (depending on its material).

Both are available in: ABS, brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.

Couplings

Chrome Coupler

Chrome Coupler

A coupling is used to extend the run of a pipe, or change pipe sizes (in the case of a reducing coupling, also sometimes called a "bell" reducer due to its shape). Available with female threads, or unthreaded for either plastic gluing (solvent welding) or copper soldering, these are among the most-used of fittings.

Offered in: ABS, brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.

Elbows

Copper 90° Elbow

Copper 90° Elbow

If you need to change the direction of flow, elbows are likely your best bet. Produced primarily in 90 and 45 degree angles (unique sizes like 22.5 and 60 are also available), elbows can be threaded or sweated, and are one of the most crucial fittings used in plumbing. Street elbows feature male and female threaded ends to easily connect differing pipes or fittings. Some unique elbows also feature a side outlet, making it act more like a tee with a bend.

Available in: ABS, brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.

Flanges

Black Iron Floor Flange

Black Iron Floor Flange

Flanges are used to connect pipes. Pipe is threaded or welded to the flanges, which are then sealed together (usually with bolts). Flange connections are used extensively in industrial applications handling high pressures. They can also be found connecting residential pump systems. "Closet" (or toilet) flanges are found in the home mounting the toilet to the floor and drain beneath.

Offered in: brass, copper, malleable (galvanized and black), and PVC (for closet/toilet flanges).

Nipples

Chrome Pipe Nipple

Chrome Pipe Nipple

Nipples are a short stub of pipe, male-threaded at each end, that are used to connect straight pipe runs. Close nipples are threaded from each end along their whole length for particularly tight connections.

Available in: brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.

Tees

Brass IPS Tee

Brass IPS Tee

When more than one branch is required of a water supply, tees are the way to go. Essentially a long coupling with an outlet on the side, these fittings feature their outlets at 90° from the inlet, and are sized according to their "run" (the horizontal, or straight-through dimension of the fitting), and the side outlet (the "top" of the fitting, 90 degrees off the run). When the run of a tee is smaller than the side outlet, it's often referred to as a "bull head" fitting.

Tees are offered in ABS, brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.

Crosses

Galvanized Cross

Galvanized Cross

"Cross" fittings are 4-way fittings that are essentially the combination of two tees. Many opt to use two tees instead.

Crosses are available in brass, malleable (galvanized and black), and PVC.

Saddle Tees

PVC Saddle Tee

PVC Saddle Tee

These fittings are used to quickly add a tee to an existing length of pipe, without having to cut and re-solder what's there. Most often, this takes place with irrigation systems to add a new sprinkler line. Also referred to as snap-tees, saddles are glued to the pipe, and after setting, the new hole is drilled.

Saddle tees are offered only in PVC.

Unions

CPVC Union

CPVC Union

Unions are an alternative to couplings, when the latter are impractical or inconvenient. Whereas couplings (when not soldered) need to have pipe threaded into them, unions rely upon their own nut to create a seal between the pipe ends. This makes them the perfect choice for connecting two fixed pipes (that are unable to be threaded into a regular coupling), and make future repairs that much easier. Dielectric unions are used to join pipes of different metals by providing a barrier against galvanic corrosion. For all their benefits, unions do have drawbacks: they are not to be used with natural and LP gas.

They are available in in brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black) PVC, and stainless steel.

Wyes

ABS Wye

ABS Wye

Wyes are primarily drainage fittings, and feature a 45° branch line designed to keep flow smooth. While sanitary tees are used with vertical drain connections, they can cause problems when used flat on a horizontal connection: those situations call for a wye.

These are available in brass, ABS, and PVC.

Common Fitting Materials

ABS

ABS 60° Elbow

ABS 60° Elbow

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, a black plastic used in drainage, sewer, waste and vents. ABS pipe/fittings as well as PVC have replaced much of the cast iron, lead, and steel pipes formerly used for DWV. Important to note is that no solvent cement (or primer) can totally "glue" (solvent weld) ABS to PVC plastic.

Brass

Brass Fitting Extender

Brass Fitting Extender

Made with a mixture of metal alloys: mostly copper and zinc, as well as small amounts of lead, tin, manganese, nickel, aluminum or iron. Brass fittings used for potable water usually have approximately 62-65% copper, 30-35% zinc and very small percentages of tin and lead. Brass works particularly well in hot water applications, and is highly resistant to corrosion.

Copper

Copper Bushing

Copper Bushing

Reddish-brown, non-ferrous metal widely used for household plumbing pipes. Copper is a relatively soft and often thin material, making threading difficult. As a result, most copper fittings are not threaded, and must be soldered to copper pipe.

CPVC

CPVC Reducing Tee

CPVC Reducing Tee

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride is a plastic product designed for drinking water at temperatures up to 180 degrees (where code permits), and can generally withstand higher temperatures than standard PVC. The CPVC fittings we offer will not glue on PVC schedule 40 pipe.

Malleable (Galvanized or Black)

Black Iron Side Outlet Tee

Black Iron Side Outlet Tee

Made from steel. Black iron is mostly used in gas and oil applications, and is often coated with black paint or lacquer. Galvanized fittings are coated with zinc to protect against rust and corrosion. Galvanized piping was widely used for home plumbing in the past, but no longer, due to leak issues over time. Galvanized fittings today are most often used for non-potable outdoor applications, and to repair existing galvanized systems.

PVC

PVC Coupling

PVC Coupling

A rigid, generally white plastic pipe. Used for waste and vent systems as well as cold water (underground) supplies outside of the house as well as used for sprinkler and irrigation pipes, sewers, drains, wastes and venting pipes and fittings. PVC in the plumbing business is generally white (Sch 40) but sometimes comes in other colors (in our industry gray is the second most popular, and is typically used for Sch 80 PVC). Another color you may see more frequently as water conservation efforts grow is purple, which is used to differentiate reclaimed or grey water systems from potable drinking water systems.

Stainless Steel

Stainless Steel Lock Nut

Stainless Steel Lock Nut

A combination of iron alloys and chromium, stainless steel is durable and offers excellent rust and corrosion resistance. Stainless steel comes in many types, with 304 and 316 being the most used in plumbing. Both are rated to pressures of 150 psi, with type 316 steel providing greater protection against chemical corrosion.

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