FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION

FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION

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Over the past twenty years, scrubber pumps have continued to grow in size and capacity, with individual units handling flows in excess of 5,000 gal/min. Pump capacities to 10,000 gal/min or greater, at heads ranging from 13-20 meters are necessary in order to operate with a minimum number of pump units. Pumps must accommodate lower levels of operation due to unit outages or off-peak electrical demand. Today's pump net positive suction head (NPSH) is met by the normally high (10-15 meters) suction head. FGD pumps must be durable, able to withstand constant operation at specified conditions, able to accommodate a range of pipe loads and system transients and be virtually maintenance-free for at least 24,000 hours of continuous operation. FGD units use several types of pumps, three of which will be discussed below.

Feed Pumps

Concentrated slurry feed is usually handled by rubber-lined centrifugal pumps. Positive displacement pumps with variable-speed drives are also applicable. Cast-iron, corrosion-resistant alloy, and rubber-lined pumps are common in limestone systems. Some utilities prefer to use rubber-lined pumps from a single manufacturer for uniformity throughout the plant.

Although centrifugal pumps are widely used, the screw pump that handles limestone slurry feed is a special type of rotary positive displacement pump in which the flow through the pumping elements is truly axial. Thus, the screw pump with its unique axial flow pattern and low internal velocities offers a number of advantages in those few applications where centrifugal pumps cannot be used.

Fresh Water Pumps

In a limestone FGD system, the most likely points at which fresh water would enter are the ball mills, pump seals, and the mist eliminator wash system. A fresh water plump for this service can be a standard centrifugal pump. The important items to be specified are properties of the service water, available net positive suction head (NPSH), materials of construction, type of drive, and type and size of motor.

Recycle Slurry Pumps

The typical slurry pump has many features that set it apart from the typical centrifugal pump used for clear liquids. Wall thicknesses of wetted-end parts (casing, impeller) are greater that in conventional centrifugal pumps. The cutwater, or volute tongue (the point on the casing at which the discharge nozzle diverges from the casing), is less pronounced in order to minimize the effects of abrasion. The radial and the axial-thrust bearing on the slurry pump are heavier, too, than those on standard centrifugal pumps.

Materials of Construction

Pumps are made in two types of materials: all-metal pumps and rubber-lined cast-iron pumps. European and American engineers have tended to use different materials of construction. American power plants have generally installed rubber-lined cast-iron pumps while European plants have generally installed all-metal pumps. Since the pump parts in contact with the slurry are subjected to abrasive-corrosive action, the "wetted" parts must be constructed of a corrosion-resistant material that is either harder than the slurry solids or resilient. As David Root observed in "New Technology Throws Down Challenge to Pump Industry," International Power Generation, March , pp. 59-60, the hard iron pump is a single casing, back pull-out design that increases ease of maintenance. It is constructed of duplex stainless steel for highly abrasive media. The cast-iron pump casing is split vertically with through-bolting used to connect the halves as well as the piping to the suction and discharge nozzles. In the rubber-lined cast-iron pumps each casing half is lined with easily replaceable, bolted-in segmented rubber liners. A good design provides for 100 percent reinforcement of all liners. This approach precludes collapse of the liners if a vacuum is inadvertently created. Rubber has advantages for modern scrubber pumps because it offers excellent abrasion resistance, has natural corrosion resistance and effectively dampens hydraulic noise. Rubber liners are less expensive and weigh less than metal liners or cases, so they reduce the cost and allow for easier handling during maintenance.

Most impellers today are metal. The advantage of metal is based on its durability and the fact that it allows for optimized pump efficiency through proper geometry. The maximum diameter impeller is employed regardless of the flow and head. This tactic is used to keep rotational and eye speeds at a minimum so wear life is enhanced and damage due to cavitation is minimized. Manufacturers of rubber-lined impellers claim impeller performance is maintained over 97 percent of the useful water life of the component while metal impellers slowly degrade over their working life.

The selection of impeller metallurgy normally includes either duplex stainless steel (CD4MCU) or a high-chrome martensitic white iron. The latter is typically 27-28 percent nominal chrome content. Certain formulations with carbon content under two percent enhance resistance to slurries having a pH level exceeding three, with chloride content of 75,000 ppm and higher. While duplex stainless steel can be used over the widest range of pH and chloride levels, maximum hardness with heat treatment may be 325-340 Brinell, while the available white irons may range from 450 BHN to 600 BHN, based on carbon content and heat treatment.

Generally, the advances made in elastomer compounds and metal alloys have resulted in typical wear life of five years for casing liners and three years for impellers.

Pump Accessories

Seals

Today's pumps are sealed with slurry mechanical seals, that operate without the need for flush water. It is now reasonable to expect seal wear-life of three years or more. The metallurgy of the components of the seal or shaft sleeve is important because the low pH conditions and presence of chlorides is conducive to corrosion problems.

Roller Bearings

The mechanical end of the pump features a heavy-duty shaft and bearing assembly in a cartridge that can be easily removed for maintenance in a non-contaminating atmosphere. A cylindrical roller bearing is employed to absorb radial loads imposed hydraulically and by the weight of the impeller. Double-tapered roller bearings accommodate hydraulic thrust loads. The location of these bearings provides the most efficient design for bearing size and life, while minimizing the displacement of the shaft caused by thermal gradients. A B-10 bearing life of 100,000 hours is normally specified for recycle pumps.

Pump Suppliers

The two largest suppliers of pumps for FGD units are KSB AG and The Weir Group PLC. These two companies sell more than half of the pumps for this industrial group. Weir purchased EnviroTech Pumpsystems in and Warman International in .  KSB is the largest supplier of pumps to the German power industry for FGD units. In KSB wholly purchased the remaining part of Georgia Iron Works and set up GIW Industries, which sells and manufactures their slurry pumps. Weir Warman is a major supplier worldwide. Weir had its own first experience with pumps for FGD units at the Drax Station power plant and has both direct and acquired experience with the purchases of EnviroTech and Warman.

 

&#;The global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) market size was valued at USD .63 million in and is expected to expand at a CAGR of 6.27% during the forecast period, reaching USD .89 million by .&#;

No. of Pages: 100

The latest Report on "Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market" report for delivers an in-depth and accurate analysis of various aspects related to business expansion opportunities, challenges, potential threats, and market trends. This report provides valuable insights into market size, the latest technological advancements, SWOT and PESTLE analyses, and more. It thoroughly examines global technical trends, growth drivers, and participant profiles, including supply-demand dynamics and company histories.Additionally, the report offers a detailed analysis of revenue, demand, the competitive landscape, and regional segments of the global industry. This comprehensive study is a crucial resource for any company looking to establish its long-term objectives and future strategies.

Key Market Segments:

- Types: Detailed characteristics of major product types [Wet FGD, Dry FGD].

- Applications: Examination of key application areas [Iron and Steel Industry, Cement Manufacturing Industry, Power Generation, Chemical Industry].

Who is the largest manufacturers of Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market worldwide?

• Clyde Bergemann Power Group
• Thermax
• Siemens
• Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
• Doosan Lentjes
• Babcock and Wilcox Enterprises
• Flsmidth
• Marsulex Environmental Technologies
• Andritz
• Hamon Corporation
• General Electric
• Rafako

The global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) market size was valued at USD .63 million in and is expected to expand at a CAGR of 6.27% during the forecast period, reaching USD .89 million by .

Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market - Covid-19 Impact and Recovery Analysis:

We were monitoring the direct impact of covid-19 in this market, further to the indirect impact from different industries. This document analyzes the effect of the pandemic on the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) market from a international and nearby angle. The document outlines the marketplace size, marketplace traits, and market increase for Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) industry, categorised with the aid of using kind, utility, and patron sector. Further, it provides a complete evaluation of additives concerned in marketplace improvement in advance than and after the covid-19 pandemic. Report moreover done a pestel evaluation within the business enterprise to study key influencers and boundaries to entry.

Our studies analysts will assist you to get custom designed info to your report, which may be changed in phrases of a particular region, utility or any statistical info. In addition, we're constantly inclined to conform with the study, which triangulated together along with your very own statistics to make the marketplace studies extra complete for your perspective.

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Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market - Competitive and Segmentation Analysis:

What are the factors driving the growth of the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market?

Growing demand for below applications around the world has had a direct impact on the growth of the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD)

• Iron and Steel Industry
• Cement Manufacturing Industry
• Power Generation
• Chemical Industry

What are the types of Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) available in the Market?

Based on Product Types the Market is categorized into Below types that held the largest Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) market share In .

• Wet FGD
• Dry FGD

Regional Outlook:

• North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
• Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia and Turkey etc.)
• Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, Australia, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia and Vietnam)
• South America (Brazil, Argentina, Columbia etc.)
• Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa)

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Key Questions Covered in this Report:

• What are the primary factors driving growth in the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market, and how do these factors differ by region and market segment?
• In what ways are technological advancements and innovations influencing the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market, and what new opportunities and challenges do they present?
• Which companies are leading the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market in terms of market share and innovation, and what strategies are they using to maintain their leadership?
• What upcoming regulatory and policy changes could impact the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market, and how are industry players preparing for these changes?
• What emerging trends and potential market disruptors are expected to shape the future of the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market, and how can businesses position themselves to capitalize on these changes?
• How are shifts in consumer preferences and behaviors affecting the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market, and what do these changes mean for market participants?

Reasons to Buy This Report:

• Identification of potential suppliers as well as partnerships in the report.
• Complete understanding of the global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) market.
• The global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) market research report studies the latest global market trends, up-to-date, and thorough competitive analysis, along with various other key features of the worldwide market.

Report Includes Following Chapters -

Chapter 1 mainly defines the market scope and introduces the macro overview of the industry, with an executive summary of different market segments ((by type, application, region, etc.), including the definition, market size, and trend of each market segment.

Chapter 2 provides a qualitative analysis of the current status and future trends of the market. Industry Entry Barriers, market drivers, market challenges, emerging markets, consumer preference analysis, together with the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak will all be thoroughly explained.

Chapter 3 analyzes the current competitive situation of the market by providing data regarding the players, including their sales volume and revenue with corresponding market shares, price and gross margin. In addition, information about market concentration ratio, mergers, acquisitions, and expansion plans will also be covered.

Chapter 4 focuses on the regional market, presenting detailed data (i.e., sales volume, revenue, price, gross margin) of the most representative regions and countries in the world.

Chapter 5 provides the analysis of various market segments according to product types, covering sales volume, revenue along with market share and growth rate, plus the price analysis of each type.

Chapter 6 shows the breakdown data of different applications, including the consumption and revenue with market share and growth rate, with the aim of helping the readers to take a close-up look at the downstream market.

Chapter 7 provides a combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses of the market size and development trends in the next five years. The forecast information of the whole, as well as the breakdown market, offers the readers a chance to look into the future of the industry.

Chapter 8 is the analysis of the whole market industrial chain, covering key raw materials suppliers and price analysis, manufacturing cost structure analysis, alternative product analysis, also providing information on major distributors, downstream buyers, and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic.

Chapter 9 shares a list of the key players in the market, together with their basic information, product profiles, market performance (i.e., sales volume, price, revenue, gross margin), recent development, SWOT analysis, etc.

Chapter 10 is the conclusion of the report which helps the readers to sum up the main findings and points.

Chapter 11 introduces the market research methods and data sources.

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Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Report Covers Following Points in TOC:

1 Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Overview

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market

1.2 Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Segment by Type

1.3 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Segment by Application

1.4 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market, Region Wise (-)

1.5 Global Market Size (Revenue) of Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) (-)

1.5.1 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Revenue Status and Outlook (-)

1.5.2 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Sales Status and Outlook (-)

1.6 Influence of Regional Conflicts on the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Industry

1.7 Impact of Carbon Neutrality on the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Industry

2 Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Upstream and Downstream Analysis

2.1 Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Industrial Chain Analysis

2.2 Key Raw Materials Suppliers and Price Analysis

2.3 Key Raw Materials Supply and Demand Analysis

2.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials

2.5 Manufacturing Process Analysis

2.6 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis

2.7 Major Downstream Buyers of Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Analysis

2.8 Impact of COVID-19 on the Industry Upstream and Downstream

3 Players Profiles

4 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Landscape by Player

4.1 Global Sales and Share by Player (-)

4.2 Global Revenue and Market Share by Player (-)

4.3 Global Average Price by Player (-)

4.4 Global Gross Margin by Player (-)

4.5 Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Competitive Situation and Trends

5 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Sales, Revenue, Price Trend by Type

5.1 Global Sales and Market Share by Type (-)

5.2 Global Revenue and Market Share by Type (-)

5.3 Global Price by Type (-)

5.4 Global Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate by Type (-)

6 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Analysis by Application

6.1 Global Consumption and Market Share by Application (-)

6.2 Global Consumption Revenue and Market Share by Application (-)

6.3 Global Consumption and Growth Rate by Application (-)

7 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Sales and Revenue Region Wise (-)

7.1 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Sales and Market Share, Region Wise (-)

7.2 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Revenue and Market Share, Region Wise (-)

7.3 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (-)

&#;&#;&#;..

8 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Forecast (-)

8.1 Global Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Sales, Revenue Forecast (-)

8.2 Global Sales and Revenue Forecast, Region Wise (-)

8.3 Global Sales, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (-)

8.4 Global Consumption Forecast by Application (-)

8.5 Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Forecast Under COVID-19

9 Industry Outlook

9.1 Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Drivers Analysis

9.2 Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Restraints and Challenges

9.3 Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Opportunities Analysis

9.4 Emerging Market Trends

9.5 Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Industry Technology Status and Trends

9.6 News of Product Release

9.7 Consumer Preference Analysis

9.8 Industry Development Trends under COVID-19 Outbreak

Continued&#;.

Valuable Points from Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market Research Report -:

• Significant changes in Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market dynamics.
• Reporting and assessment of recent industry developments.
• A complete background analysis, which includes a valuation of the parental Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market.
• Current, Historical, and projected size of the Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market from the viewpoint of both value and volume.
• Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market segmentation according to Top Regions.
• Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market shares and strategies of key Manufacturers.
• Emerging Specific segments and regional for Flue Gas Desulfurizer (FGD) Market.
• An objective valuation of the trajectory of the Market.
• Recommendations to Top Companies for reinforcement of their foothold in the market.

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