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Full text of "The American federationist"

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AMERICAN 

FEDERATIONIST 


CONTAINING 


PREVENTIVE  SANITATION 

ay  SURGEON-GENERAL  WALTER  WYMAN 

INDUSTRIAL  PEACE 

By  JOHN   B.   POWELL 

LABOR  DISPUTES  IN 
GERMANY 

By  NANS  FGHLINOER 


OFFICIAL  MAGAZINE 


OF  THE 


American  Federation  ofLabor 


^mu^: 


HEADLIGHT  OVERALLS 


UNION     N4AO&- 


BROTHER 1  DONTCARE  WHAT  OVERALL  YOU  HAVE 

BEEN  WEARING    IN  THE   PAST TRY  ONE  SUIT     OF 

HEADLIGHTS  AND  it  will  be  HEADLIGHTS, 

ALWAYS    FOR   YOU    AFTEF^TMATJ 

B.orL.B.    Ofv.  /\/94/0 
"I  FIND  IT  IS    ECONOMICAL  TO  WEAR 

HEADLIGHTS  -   THEY  not  only 

LOOK    BETTER   AND  FIT 
BETTER  BUT  THEY  WEAR 
BETTER  THAN  ANY  OVERALL] 
\   EVER    BOUGHT." 


LAPNEDXARTER  &  CO.I 


MAKERS 


DETPOrX.  MiCM>J 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC  ' 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  453 


FLEISCHMANN'S 

COMPRESSED  YEAST 
HAS  NO  EQUAL 


Digitized  by 


Google 


454  AMERICAN  FED  ERA  TIONIST 


a 


Uniommade  Gloves  and  Mittens  byMaiV 


You  can  SAVE  MONEY  by  wearing  our  GLOVES  and  MITTENS.  PRICES  are  RIGHT 
and  MATERIAL  is  the  BEST.  You  will  find  no  seams  around  the  THUMBS  of  our  goods, 
which  insures  you  much  longer  wear.     Prices  as  follows: 

Grain  Reindeer  Glove,  gauntlet  or  sliort  wrist,  $1.00 
Grain  Horsehide  Glove,  gauntlet  or  short  wrist,  85c. 
Grain  Reindeer  Mitten,  $1.00;  Horsehide  Mitten,  85c. 

No  extra  charge  for  lining.  To  order  gloves  lay  hand  flat  on  paper,  fingers  extended,  and  trace  around 
with  pencil  and  MAIL  TO  US  with  money-order,  stating  material  and  style  wanted,  and  same  will  be  mailed 
to  your  home.    GIVE  US  A  TRIAL. 

BROTHERHOOD  GLOVE  CO.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

r*^ — ''■ — ■*'■ — '■'■ — "' — ''■ — '■*'■ — ■'■ — ^""i 

DO  YOU  WANT  GOOD  RELIABLE 

RUBBERS? 

If  you  want  Rubber  Boots  and  Shoes  of  High  Quality  and  Established 
Reputation,  Rubbers  that  will  Wear  and  Satisfy,  ask  your  Dealer  for 
any  of  these  Brands: 

AMERICAN     BOSTON  RUBBER  SHOE       CANDEE 
MEYER  WALES-GOODYEAR  WOONSOCKET 

These  are  all  Famous  Old  Brands.  Most  of  them  have  been  on  the  market  over 
fifty  years,  and  every  pair  is  stamped  with  its  name.    They  are  sold  by  the 

IMTED  STATES  RIBBER  COMPANY 

And  by  100,000  Shoe  Dealers  all  over  the  United  States. 
l-»^.^.^ ^.— -» ■.^: :,. ,^ 

Ball  WatcKes 

Built  in  light,  healthy  shopr,  by  well-  ^.:^_ 

paid,  skilled  labor— you  know  that  means  .{j  iJT.'TW^^JP^  ^^^^^^''"'^^ 
best^quality  product       Try  an  "Official  ^^Mmm/M\%-\\mV&A 
R.  R.  Standard"  for  a  year-if  you're   49iHiff^^    i:::rB.".to.H«  ccevc.»«ro 
not  delighted  you  get  your  money  back.        ■  '•'■■^^L^nJV^^T     ch.cIS;  om"'."* *  "-^•*"»- 

•OH-aoe -aoB 

Send  for  Booklet  and  name  of  reliable  dealer  in  your  city  handling  the  Ball  Watches. 

THE  IVEBB  C.  BALL  WATCH  CO. 

Cleveland  CHicatfo 


BALL   WATCHKS    ARK  THE    RAILROAD    STANDA 


Digitized  by 


^5'bgie 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


455 


HAVE  YOU  GOT  IT? 

If  not 

Get  the  Habit 


'Special  Order"  or  Made-to-Measure  Clothing  Bears  this  Label 


ps^5S^ 


01  TO  OPfOgW 


READY-MADE   CLOTHING,  SHIRTS,  OVERALLS, 

WHITE  DUCK  GOODS  AND  APRONS 

BEAR  THIS  LABEL 


ISSUED  Wt  AUTNOmtV 


If  Union-Made  the  Label  Should  be  In  the  Pocket  of  Each 
Garment  Sewed  in  by  Machine 


UNITED  GARMENT  WORKERS 
OF  AMERICA 


116-117  BIBLE  HOUSE 


NEW  YORK 


Digitiggcl  by  CjOOQlg 


456 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


p^%mBs, 


Th«  Id««l  Garm«Att  for  Particular  M«b 

Scientifically  constructed  with  an 
elastic  insertion  thatmakes  tbem  fit  and 
makes  ^hem  comfortable  at  all  times.' 

The  Scriven  Improved  Elastic  Seam 
Drawers  are  made  in  a  variety  of  popular 
Fabrics,  in  full  and  knee  lengths.  For 
sale  by  good  haberdashers  generally. 

Send  for  hookiel  today  describing  the  various 
stvles.  This  booklet  also  contains  a  comprehen- 
sive treatise  on  Physical  Culture  for  the  busy 

business  man.    IPs  free. 
J.  A.  SCRIVEN  CO..  S«lo  Maanfactnrtrfl. 
l6*18  East  15th  Str««t.        •        N«w  York 


Morse  Twist  Drill  &  Machine  Co. 


r 


^ 


w 


NEW  BEDFORD,  nASS.,U.S.A. 


A  Good  Investment 

BUY  TAPS  and  DIES 
made  by  the 

HORSE  COMPANY 

also 

Drills,  Reamers, 

Chucks,  Cutters, 

Arbors, 

Countersinks, 

Counterbores, 

Gauges,  Mandrels, 

Metal  Slitting  Saws 

Shell  End  Mills, 

Taper  Pins,  Screw 

Plates  with  Dies, 

Sockets,  Sleeves, 

Tap  Wrenches 

and 

Machinists*  Tools 

Send  for  Catalog 


THERE  ARE   MANY  POINTS  OF 
INTEREST  ON  THE  LINES  of  the 


Pittsburgh  Railways  Company 

WHICH  YOU  SHOULD  VISIT  WHEN 
YOU  ARE  IN  PITTSBURGH,  PA.    :: 

It  is  a  CITY  of  WONDERS 


bigitized  by  Google 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


457 


T«l«9l^o&«  465 O  Certla&d 


GENUINE 

ROSENDALE  CEMENT 


4 


4 


MAN VFACTURKD  BY 

Consolidated    Rosendale    Cement    Company 

F.  N.  STRANAHAN,  Sales  Agent       26  Cortland  St.*  N.  Y.  Citr 


LINEN  COLLARS 

and  CUFFS 

ARBSTAMPCD 

••Warranted   Linen •• 

ARE    YOURS? 


lOTTUP  IN  eONft 


iiDI5vn.L,E:,  KffcftLJffrt 


Guaranteed  under  the 
Pure  Food  and  Dnig^s 
Act,  June  30,   1906. 

BOXXL.ED    IIM    BOIMD 

Joel   B.   Frazier  Whiskey 


BONNIE:  BROS.,  Inc. 

I^otftisvillep  KenttftcRr'V^^^ 


458 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


The  Prudential  Policy 

Will  provide  family  independence  for  the  future.  Funds  for  education  of 
cliildren.  Freedom  in  use  of  present  Income  and  Capital.  Cash  for  later 
needs,  and  many  other  advantages.    You  want  the  best  in  Life  Insurance. 

The  Prudeatial  hu  the  best  for  you.    Write  for  iaformatloa  of  Policies     Defrt.  112. 

The  Prudential  Insurance  Company  of  America 


PflUDfKTlAl  ->. 

. STRl^GTn  OF  U 


JOHN  P.  DRYDEN,  Pres't 


Incorporated  as  i  Stock  Company  by  the  State  of  New  Jersey 

HOME  OFFICE,  Newark,  N.  J. 


MACKAY  CURE 
FW  ALCOHOLISM 


Surest,  safest  and  shortest  treatment.  Taken  at  home, 
no  publicity;  no  detention  from  bnsineas;  no  hypodermic 
syrmse;  no  morphine.  Government  GontraotB  just  r^ 
newed  for  the  fourth  time.  The  only  Treatment  ever 
adopted  by  any  Government.  Strongly  recommended  by 
HiB  Grace,  the  Archbishop  of  Quebec,  and  scores  of  scien- 
tific and  philanthropic  aathorities.  Sanitarium  for  special 

THE  MAciui  TRE^^        CO. 


9  .Cll 


lUae,  HcwYerlL 


POWER  SERVICE 


You  can't  write  letters  and  shovel  coal  at  the 
same  time.  You  can't  give  proper  attention  to 
the  important  details  of  your  business  and  at  the 
same  time  be  annoyed  by  the  petty  troubles  of  a 
private  power  plant. 

You  can  sell  us  your  products  cheaper  than  we 
can  make  them — we  can  sell  you  Electric  Power 
for  less  money  than  it  costs  you  to  generate  it. 

If  your  power  plant  is  located  in  Philadelphia, 
we  will  make  all  preliminary  tests  and  estimates 
free  of  charge.     May  we  serve  you? 

The  Pbiladel|>bia  Electric  Co. 

Tenth  and  Sanaom  Streets 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


459 


'Diamond"  Reamers 

are  of  highest  quality  and  are  guar- 
anteed accurate  to  size.  All  regular 
styles  in  stock  and  specials  made  to 
order  promptly. 


The  Whitman  &  Barnes 
Mfg.  Co. 

Factories: 

AKRON,  O.,      CHICAGO,  ILL. 

ST.  CATHARINES,  ONT. 

General  Offlee: 

CHICAGO,  ILLINOIS 


FOR  

smpucrrYt  accuracy*  speed 

QUALITY,  RELIABIIJTY 

and  «V»ry  oUmt  fMtur«  wh«r«  Staunch  WcfffcM 
PrinelplM  f  preferred  to  TalUng  Points 

UNDERWOOD  TYPEWRITER  COHPANT 

NEW  YORK  OR  ANYWHERE. 


CHEW= 


= Adams'  Pepsin  Tutti-Frutti 


J^ 

^^       t^CHp^     ^^ 

t^ 

m~^ 

i 

B                     WHICH  WINS?                      Qji 

IT  AIDS  DIGESTION^ 


-FOR  SALE  EVERYWHERE 


FACTORIES: 
IlL    KaaaasClty,Mo.    Newark,  N.J.    New  Orleana,  La.    Portland,  Ore.    Toronto,  Canada.    Undon.  England. 


Digitized  by  V^jOOQ IC 


460 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


EIGHT  HOUR 

H AMILTCW  @AE 

A  PROFIT  SHAE 

GLOVES ,  TROUSERS 

ISrBW  YORK  CITY. 


BLESSINGS  OF 

Ei^M  hour5  means  higher  wages 
More  hours  of  blissful  pleasure, 
Less  tramps  to  sell  their  manhood. 
Less  women  competing  drudgery. 
Less  robberj^  of  school  and  pl^j^round. 
More  comforts  to  each  family  bringing. 
Less  outrage  of  the  poor  and  nee^. 
More  things  produced  fir  more  and  better 

people. 
More  things  consumed,  a  greater,  grander 

market 

More  work  tor  willing  workers , 


when  in  y our  Carha.rt  t 
Uniform"you  have 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


461 


FACTORIES 

H  ART  T ,  Manufacturer 

ING  CORPORATION 

"OVERALL  UNIFORM\S' 

I     DETROIT,   TORONTO. 


EIGHT  HOURS. 

More  wealth, more  health,  less 
pover^  and  sickness , 

A  nobler  manhood,  woman  and  childhood 
glorified. 

The  Kingdom  of  the  Father  earth  en- 
riching. 

Eight  hours  todaj^,  less  houns  if  need  be 

fer  the  morrow, 
A  sure  protection  for  the  unprotected . 

ybu/y  respec0i//y 


Gloves  aind  Overall 
a.n  easy  conscience. 


loogle 


462  AMERICAN  BEDERATIONIST 


Smoke 

WHITE  ROLLS  CIGARETTES 


The  only  Independent  Union-Made  Cisarettes 
made  in  Virsinia  or  North  Carolina 


WARE-KRAMER  TOBACCO  COMPANY 
Norfolk,  Va. 


From  kSasKatcHewan 

to  Texas  the  Bitulithic  Pavement  has  spread  the 
past  few  Years. 

qWHY? 

q  Canadian  Cold  can  not  crack  it ;  the  Heat  of  the  Rio 
Grande  does  not  Dry  out  its  Life  and  Elas- 
ticity. 

q  It  is  the  Modern  Street  Pavement. 

SOUTHERN  BITULITHIC  COMPANY 


'Q\[\zm  oy 


Google 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


"463 


West  View  Parh 


Oa  the  AQeghesy-Bdleytte  Loop 

OF  THE 

Pittslwrg  Railway  Co's.  Lines 
Band  Concerts  •»*  Picnics  Daily 

AN  IDEAL  PLACE 
FOR  AN  OUTING 


of 


Can  kt  7th  and  Ubertjr  Sts. 


I 
I 

I 

! 

I 
I 


A  KEEN  EYE 
A  STEADY  HAND 
A   CLEAR   HEAD 

JpVERY  workingman  needs  them  and  wants 
»  them.  Life  often  depends  on  their  pos- 
session. And  yet  they  must  drink  something 
more  thirst-quenching  than  water  or  ordi- 
nary soft  drinks.  f|There  is  just  one  bev- 
erage that  fulfills  these  conditions  :: 


m^ 


Cooling  «  Delicious  »  Refreshing 
Thirst*  Quenching 

Putsin  vim  and  go  into  tired  brains  and  bodies 

5c.    EveryvrHere  5c. 


OUR  PET  BRAND 


EVAPORATED  MILK 

Guaranteed  under  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  June  30th,  1906 


A  pure,  unsweetened  condensed  milk,  completely  sterilized. 

Prepared  of  full  cream  milk  which  has  been 

produced  under  sanitary 

rules 


Helvetia  Milk  Condensing  Coo 

Hi^Undt  IlL 

Digitized-byLjOO^l 


464 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


INDEX  TO  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


CONTENTS  OF  MAGAZINE.  PAGE  467. 


AznericaD  Chicle  Company.. 


P»ge 
....  4>8 


Ball  Watch  Ck)mpaDy«  W.  C 451 

Bangor  Slate  Company 6iO 

Battle  Creek  Food  company 461 

Badger  Brass  Manufacluriug  Company 6(6 

Banner  Baking  Powder  Company A06 

Bari&er  Brand  Collars 467 

Beckwith-Chandler  Company 620 

Beri^  Brothers 519 

Baeder,  Adamson  Company 512 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers'  Union 51« 

Bemhelmer  A.  Schwartz 514 

Bigney,  8.  O 612 

Birmingham  Railway  Company \.  518 

Bonnie  Brothers 457 

Brotherhood  Glove  Company 4  4 

Brunswlck-Balke-rollender  Company 613 

Bower  Company,  The  F,  M 613 


Capewell  Horse-Nail  Company Fourth  Cover 

Carhartt,  Hamilton 460  and  461 

Chattanooga  Brewing  Company 514 

Chicago  Pneumatic  Tool  Company 521 

Chicago  Traction 513 

Chicago  Daily  News 62U 

Cleveland  Twist  Drill  Company 624 

Cloth  Hat  and  Cap  Makers 624 

Colambla  Slate  Company 522 

Consolidated  Rosendale Cement  Company 467 

Cooaolidated  Safety  Pin  Company 517 

Connecticut  Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company 523 

Copley  Square  Hotel 522 

Crockett  Company,  David  B , 502 

Coca-Cola 463 


Davies  A  Thomas 615 

DIU,  J.  a « 605 


Edwards  A  Co . 


617 


Elgin  National  Watch  Companv 621 

**  Bdgeworth."  "Obold,"and  "Sensible"  Tobacco 513 

Emerson  Drug  Company 624 

Evans,  Wilkens&  Company 606 

Edgecombe  Company 617 


L  Page 

Larned  Carter  Company Second  Cover 

Lion  Brand  Milk 507 

Loewenstein  &  Bro.,  M 524 

M 

Macksy  Treatment  Company 4^ 

Mack  «ft  Company 512 

Matiury<&Sun ] 515 

McCreerv  A  Company '.'"***  504 

McLaughliud^  Company *""  466 

Mengel  Bo^  Company 514 

Morse  Twist  Drill  and  Machine  Company '   456 

Mall  Pouch  Tobacco Fourth  Cover 

Michigan  State  Telephone  Company Am 

Muudy.  J.  S ■  "  515 

Muralo  Company ","  517 

N 

Narragansett  Brewing  Company Fourth  Cover 

National  Powder  Company •    510 

New  York  Beltine  and  Packing  Company .*..*' 6I8 

North  Brothers  Manufacturing  Company ",.  519 

P 

People's  Security  Company sig 

Pittsburg  Railways  Company 45S 

Philadelphia  Electric  Company *."*.* 459 

Pompetan  Manufacturing  Company 4fM 

Premiss  Vise  Company :.....:. '!Z""i!\ m 

Prudential  Life  Insurance  Company...  4;.q 

Prltcbard  Strong  Company .T.....:. .'.'!.*.'.'."!;.*;.".*.".".*!;  622 

R 

Reading  Hardware  Company mi 

Rod  Star  Yeast  Company....... Jha 

Reed  &  Bamett  (Park  Avenue  Hotel)..'.*!!.'!.'."...'!*.* 609 

Royal  Baking  Powder  Company Si 

Ruppert.J '.*.*.'.!'..'.'.'.;;;:  518 

8 

Sandusky  Tool  Company etr 

Safetv  Insulated  Wire  Company &J4 

llXfetSt'^."!.^"'::: ."i^ThVrdcivj, 

Stefnway  &  Sons. !!!..!!.'!!!!!!!! SS 

Sweet,  Orr  A  Company "Thi'rd'i'ow 

Scriven  Company^.  A !!!.!!;.;:..!  Sk 

Smith  Bros.  Typewriter  Company !!!!! mk 

Southern  Bltullthic  CompanyTT. ..'.'.".*.*.".'..*.''.*.*.'  m 


Fleischniann's  Yeast ., 468 

Fraser  Labricator  Company 512 

G 

Globe  Tobacco  Cooopany 516 

Ooodyear  Lamber(>>mpany 616 

Oarlock  Packing  Company 616 


Hatters.  United 613 

Hart  Ai^rouse  Company 615 

HeUenberg  A  Son 511 

HsiTeUa  Milk  Condensing  Company 463 

Hofftnan,  Goo  W 514 

Hanter  Bye  Whiskey 606 

I 

Independent  Salt  Company 604 

lat«nMitional  Correspondence  School 6*^0 

Independent  Brewing  Company 602 


JooM,  Frank  . 


614 


KttdkMl,8.B.. 


508 


Tailors.  Journeymen.. 


516 


United  Qarment  Workers 455 

United  States  Rubber  Company. 454 

Underwood  Typewriter  Company iku 

Union  Collar  Company !!!".."* 51  j 

United  Rail  ways  and  Electric  Con»pany  of  Bai'ti  more  522 

V 

Vondrann  Metallic  Seat  Company „.„.  4^ 

W 

Ware-Kramer  Tobacco  Company a(vi 

West  View  Park .„....:. '  !! J^s 

WInslow Soothing  Svrup !.!.!...!.  -vo 

Whitman  d^  Barnes  Manufacturing  CoinpRny!!!!!!        15s 

White  Sewing  Machine  Company 513 

Wllley  Company,  C.  A ^\^ 

Williams  Brothers !!!!!!!!!!!'!!.'.! !5iH 

Wood  Mosaic  flooring  Company ki7 

Wright*  Taylor ._..:. !!!.*...!!..;!!.!!;  503 


(466) 


Yonkers  Specialty  Company 517 

York  A  Sons,  J.  VV' ^...f,. .;!...;;;  5H 


Digitized  by 


<^oogle 


MA 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Red  Star 


COnPRBSSBO 


Yeast 


Co. 


nilwaukee, 

Wis. 


Michigan  State  Telephone 


I 


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American  FederMjonist 

•    •  • 

SAMUEL  GOMPERS.  Editor        'O     . 
Official  Magazine  of  the  American  Federation  of  La&«Jpf;. 


1907 


Contents  for  July. 


Preventive  Sanitation 469 

By  SUROEON-OBNERAL  WALTER  WYMAN. 

Industrial  Peace 473 

By  JOHN  B.  POWELL. 

Labor  Disputes  in  Germany 475 

By  HANS  PEHLINOBR. 

EDITORIAL .476 

By  SAMUEL  GOMPERS,  Pre$ident^  American  Federation  of  Labor. 

Capitalists*  War  Fund  to  Crush  Labor. 

Mellen,  the  N.  Y.  Times,  and  Organized  Labor. 

Brewery  Workers'  Charter  Revoked  .  483 

Talks  on  Labor 485 

What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing        ....  487 

Official  499 


Financial  Statement  •t^.-x^r^.^f^     •        .501 

227065 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


m  AMEfCIQAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


■  , ■»- 


•  •.  ••• 


THE^ 


¥dndrann  MetalKc  Seat 


Comfortable  j^^W  \Sa  nitary 

Bur  a  6  /e  r  '^     ■  .|^L:  ^  |prac^/ca/ 
Inexpensive  ^^&^rm^- -------  y  Fireproof 


flTheVondrannSeat  is  made  of  sheet  iron,  enameled  and  baked. 

Q  Unlike  leather  and  cane  seats,  it  can  be  washed  daily  without 
injury. 

fl  It  is  fireproof ;  it  can  not  be  cut  or  gashed  and  It  never  sag:s. 

fl  The  Vondrann  Seat  is  smooth  and  comfortable,  without  the 
ridges  of  cane  and  rattan. 

Q  It  can  be  adjusted  or  replaced  by  the  janitor  or  any  servant  in 
ten  minutes. 

Q  It  can  be  made  to  fit  any  shape  or  size  of  chair  and  to  harmonize 
with  any  color  scheme. 

AND  MOST  IMPORTANT  OF  ALL 

The  Vondrann  Seat,  while  combinlDj  more  good  points  than  any  in 
the  market,  costs  about  one-third  as  much. 

Agents  Wanted  for  State  and  County— Bights  Free  to  Worthy  Men. 

The  Vondrann  Metallic  Seat  Company 

44-46  Broadway,  Factory :  38-42  South  8th  Street 

New  York  Brooklyn,  New  York 

PAUL  VONDRANN.  President  CHAS.  L.  ENSLEY, 

J.  VOGEL,  Sec.  and  Treas.  Vice-President  and  General  Manager 


^^ 


DKVOTKD  TO  THK  INTERESTS  AND  VOIOINO  THfi  DEMANDS  OF  THB 
TRADE  UNION  MOVEMENT 


VoLXIV. 


JULY,  J907. 


No.  7 


Preventive  Sanitation. 


By  Surgbon-Gbnbral  Wai.tbr  Wyman. 


[Surgeon-General  Salter  Wyman  of  the  United  SUtes  Public  Health  and  Marine  Hospital  Service  recently  delivered 
a  most  interesting  address  at  the  commencement  exercises  of  the  Medical  College  of  South  Carolina.  He  dealt  compre- 
hensively with  all  phases  of  sanitation,  quarantine,  hygiene,  and  particularly  with  measures  for  the  prevention  of  com- 
manicating  infectious  diseases  such  as  bubonic. plague,  cholera,  yellow  fever,  smallpox,  typhoid  fever,  and  tuberculosis. 
Hegavedne  credit  to  the  ffreat  labor  movemeot  of  our  county  for  its  practical  work  in  arresting  and  suppressing  these  dread 
diseases.  Dr.Wyman's  address  is  of  such  great  value  to  all  our  fellow-workmen  that  we  publish  here  a  large  part  of  it.— Ed.] 


THE  sanitary  awakening  in  the  United 
States  is  notable.  Its  growth  may 
be  appreciated  when  we  look  back 
to  the  conventions  called  by  those 
interested  in  these  affairs  just  before  and 
after  the  civil  war.  These  conventions  were 
held  in  New  York,  Philadelphia,  Balti- 
more, and  Richmond,  and  the  discussions 
therein  related  almost  exclusively  to  mari- 
time quarantine.  The  great  need  was  of 
uniformity  in  the  administration  of  quaran- 
tine at  the  several  ports.  That  uniformity 
was  finally  established  through  the  Na- 
tional Quarantine  Act  of  February  1 5,  1893. 
No  longer  is  there  heard  the  complaint  that 
one  port  is  lax  in  its  quarantine  adminis- 
tration with  the  evident  purpose  of  attract- 
ing to  itself  commerce,  seeking  to  avoid  the 
more  honestly  administered  quarantine  re- 
straints at  neighboring  or  rival  ports.  This' 
evil,  so  exasperating  and  dangerous  in  the 
past,  has  been  so  thoroughly  done  away 
with  that  it  is  almost  forgotten. 

Out    of    these    quarantine    conventions 
there     developed     the    American     Public 


(4«) 


Health  Association,  composed  of  sanitar- 
ians in  both  oflBcial  aud  private  life,  who 
as  the  published  transactions  will  show, 
have  devoted  themselves  to  the  subjects  of 
sanitation  and  hygiene.  A  leading  cry  of 
these  sanitarians  is  the  necessity  of  arous- 
ing popular  sentiment  and  diflFusing  in  pop- 
ular form  knowledge  concerning  the  all- 
important  subjects  of  municipal  sanitation 
and  hygiene. 

Popular  sentiment  has  been  aroused,  and 
a  brief  review  of  the  field  will  show  that  it 
is  stirred  at  the  present  time  to  a  degree 
hitherto  unknown. 

This  is  seen  partly  in  the  activities  of  the 
state  boards  of  health.  All  the  states  have 
now  boards  of  health,  or  health  depart- 
ments, which  each  year  are  increasing  in 
importance  and  in  direct  influence  upon 
their  own  people.  The  legislatures  have 
widened  the  legal  functions  of  these  state 
boards,  and  are  yearly  becoming  more 
liberal  in  their  appropriations.  True,  in 
some  states  the  appropriations  are  abso- 
lutely niggardly,  and  it  is  the  ^ut> 


Digitized  by 


470 


AMSjbiCAN  FEDERATIONIST 


people  appreciating  tli&,i&|ikary  movement 
to  demand  of  their  le£^sl«tors  more  liberal 
support  of  the  stat^.  health  organization. 

The  brief  circu^rs,'leaflets  or  pamphlets, 
issued  by  the  4^^W  boards  of  health,  for 
distribution  tbrolighout  the  length  and 
breadth  .of**Jthe  state,  giving  plain  direc- 
tions jrtfb^  Regard  to  the  communicable 
disea^^Jpointing  out  the  dangers  and 
mr^lidds  of  meeting  the  same,  are  eloquent 
.wi^^sses  and  contributors  to  the  awaken- 
•4^  of  the  public  health  sentiment. 
\^  •  As  to  the  municipalities,  one  needs  to 
'but  read  the  daily  papers  to  be  impressed 
with  their  increasing  activities  in  the  de- 
struction of  insanitary  dwellings,  tenement 
house  reform,  pure  water  supply,  pure  milk 
supply,  pure  food,  compulsory  notification 
of  communicable  disease  and  the  restraints 
thrown  about  the  latter  to  prevent  exten- 
sion thereof. 

Throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of 
the  land,  in  nearly  every  state  and  in  many 
of  the  cities  and  towns,  there  exist  auxili- 
ary sanitary  associations,  which  are  of 
great  benefit  in  creating  public  sentiment 
and  upholding  the  efforts  of  the  authorities. 

/  need  mention  only,  for  UlustraHom,  the 
grecU  number  of  societies  for  the  suppression 
of  the  great  white  plague,  tuberculosis. 
Among  other  organizations  for  the  suppres- 
sion  cf  this  disease,  there  may  be  mentioned 
as  of  particular  interest  the  American  Federa- 
Hon  of  Labor,  In  a  well-prepared  pamphlet 
they  have  set  forth  the  dangers  and  the  care  that 
must  be  exercised  by  the  individual  afflicted 
with  this  disease  to  prevent  its  conveyance  to 
others,  and  as  this  association  has  a  member- 
ship of  about  two  million  and  extends  to  every 
part  of  the  Union  its  influence  in  the  suppres- 
sion of  this  disease  must  be  great. 

The  sanitary  movements  of  the  present 
time  are  answering  the  question:  "Am  I 
my  brother's  keeper?"  and  the  answer  is, 
'*Yes!  '*  There  is  more  than  a  sentimental 
or  religious  reason  in  this  answer;  there  is 
a  practical  and  self -protecting  reason,  why 
every  portion  of  the  community  should  be 
interested  in  the  sanitary  welfare  of  every 
other  portion — why  the  more  prosperous 
should  interest  themselves  in  preventing 
the  less  prosperous  from  living  under  un- 
hygienic conditions  in  insanitary  dwellings 
or  with  indifference  to  the  natural  laws  of 
health. 

There  is  no  part  of  any  community  which 
is  not  affected  by  the  sanitary  condition  of 


every  other  part.  The  millionaire,  residing 
in  his  mansion  in  the  suburbs,  the  God- 
given  light  falling  in  the  windows  on  every 
side  of  his  house,  with  fresh  air  in  abund- 
ance, with  a  filtered  water  supply  or  drink- 
ing water  imported  from  some  spring  of 
famous  purity,  and  with  plumbing  and 
house  drainage  of  the  most  modem  and 
perfect  type,  may  fancy  that  he  has  nothing 
to  fear  from  the  over-crowded  rooms  of  an 
insanitary  tenement  house  located  in  some 
interior  court  or  alley  of  the  slum  district 
of  the  city,  but  the  connecHon  between 
these  two  dwellings  is  in  many  ways  more 
direct  than  he  may  imagine.  It  needs 
but  a  little  sociologic  study  to  appreciate 
how  readily  the  germ  of  a  disease  nur- 
tured in  the  most  poverty-stricken  portion 
of  a  city  may  find  its  way  to  the  resi- 
dence of  the  wealthy. 

I  had  this  fact  impressed  upon  me  during 
a  period  of  governmental  service  in  a  certain 
city  where  at  the  time  of  this  incident  the 
smallpox  was  prevailing.  In  one  of  its  finest 
mansions  there  dwelt  a  beautiful  child,  the 
sole  heir  of  its  cultivated  and  wealthy 
parents,  almost  worshipped  by  them  and 
guarded  in  every  way  possible  with  excep- 
tional jealousy  and  care.  The  parents  were 
unwilling  to  incur  even  the  minimum  risk 
of  vaccination  and  established  instead  a 
system  of  prevention  of  contact  with  the 
outer  world,  involving  a  confinement  of  the 
child  to  the  house  until  the  disease  should 
have  disappeared  from  the  city.  But  the 
faithful  nurse  must  needs  have  rest  and 
recreation,  and  during  one  of  these  periods 
made  visits  to  her  colored  friends  in  their 
poor  habitation,  and  brought  back  to  the 
child  the  dread  disease  against  which  these 
unusual  precautions  had  been  taken,  and 
which  terminated  its  life. 

The  prosperous,  intelligent,  and  ruling 
members  of  any  community  who  are  indif- 
ferent to  the  sanitary  welfare. of  the  igno- 
rant, or  the  poor,  or  even  the  vicious,  are 
thereby  endangering  themselves.  The  dis- 
ease germ  is  too  often  considered  a  m3rth 
or  something  far  away  from  .  the  healthy 
and  prosperous.  It  is  invisible  to  the 
naked  eye,  but  so  is  the  air  we  breathe  in- 
visible. It  is  an  entity;  it  has  real  exist- 
ence. Though  unseen  by  normal  vision, 
it  may  be  seen  at  any  time  through  the 
microscope,  now  in  such  common  use,  the 
spectacles  of  science.  You  have  but  to  put 
on  your  specta.cjesjo^^^^^.     And 


PREVENTIVE  SANITATION 


471 


where  will  you  hunt  for  it?  You  will  not 
hunt  where  the  sunlight  from  Heaven 
pours  in,  nor  where  the  fresh  pure  air  from 
I  lie  mountains,  seas,  or  plains  permeates 
I  he  habitation;  you  will  not  hunt  for  it 
m  houses  where  there  is  pure  water  and 
sanitary  plumbing,  or  in  localities  where 
there  is  f^ood  drainage,  sewerage,  and  pav- 
ing. These  are  not  the  natural  haunts  of 
the  germ.  You  will  hunt  for  him  suc- 
cessfully where  these  conditions  do  not 
exist — in  your  bad  tenements,  dark  and 
unventilated  rooms,' in  the  hidden  dirt  and 
foul  collections  of  untidy  places;  the  para- 
site of  rodents  and  insects,  breeding  along 
with  these  on  unkempt  premises.  You  will 
find  it  clinging  to  old  carpets,  furniture, 
wall  paper,  and  bedding  in  these  miserable 
habitations,  or  floating  with  the  dust  in  the 
air,  and  clinging,  also,  to  the  persons  of 
the  inhabitants  of  such  places. 

Now,  the  disease  germ  is  a  social  climber. 
Its  existence  is  not  stationary.  It  goes  call- 
ing, with  the  old  clothes  and  persop  of  the 
inhabitants  of  the  foul  den,  who  surdy  will 
visit  friends  less  degraded,  and  these  have 
friends  of  higher  degree.  So  that,  slowly 
or  rapidly  as  the  case  may  be,  the  germ 
struggles  upwards  and  is  carried  to  the  top. 

This  shows  the  necessity  of  the  absolute 
elimination  of  the  slums  in  every  city. 

As  I  have  previously  declared,  there  is 
no  adequate  reason  why  slums  should  ex- 
ist anywhere,  and  by  slums  I  mean  places 
where,  through  bad  drainage,  imperfect 
sewerage,  inadequate  air  space,  lack  of 
pure  water,  and  lack  of  sunlight,  human 
beings  are  subject  to  disease  and  crime  in- 
ducing conditions. 

The  existence  of  slums  in  a  city  is  that 
city's  fault,  not  its  misfortune.  Human 
beings  are  subject  to  disease,  and  as  this 
means  simply  municipal  cleanliness  and 
decency,  there  can  be  no  good  reason  why 
it  should  not  be  brought  about.  The  chief 
pride  of  a  city  should  not  be  in  its  boule- 
vards and  handsome  buildings.  These  can 
wait.  But  the  chief  pride  should  be  that 
nowhere  within  its  boundaries  can  be  found 
slum  conditions  as  just  described.  The  re- 
moval of  such  conditions  can  not  wait. 

Not  only  thus  will  disease  be  suppressed, 
but  there  will  be  encouraged  thedevelopment 
of  individt;ial  health  and  power.  It  would 
mean  a  greater  average  of  mental  aptitude 
for  work  in  the  higher  fields  of  human  ac- 
tivity, in  all  the  arts  and  sciences.     Under 


more  perfect  sanitary  environments  we  live 
longer,  we  live  better;  our  energies,  physi- 
cal and  mental,  are  stronger,  and  better  fit 
us  for  entering  upon  a  higher  plane  of  liv- 
ing. There  is  better  opportunity  for  greater 
culture  and  refinement,  greater  familiarity 
with  the  higher  laws  of  life,  greater  ability 
to  comprehend  our  spiritual  being  and  wrest 
from  the  unknown  those  higher  principles 
of  existence  towards  which  we  are  now 
groping  with  unexplained  instinct. 

Man,  after  the  fall,  was  at  first  chiefly 
animal;  next  he  gained  mentality;  and  now 
he  is  reaching  forward  to  what  for  a  better 
term  we  may  call  spirituality,  and  which  is 
so  often  expressed  in  the  term,  **  uplifting 
of  the  human  race,'*  by  those  who  plead 
for  human  advancement. 

Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  the  principles  of 
preventive  medicine  apply  universally.  All 
are  interested  in  them,  from  the  highest  to 
the  lowest,  no  matter  what  their  calling. 

Physicians  are  the  natural  agents  of  pre- 
ventive medicine,  but  there  are  other  natu- 
ral agents.  There  are  the  engineers,  ex- 
pert in  sanitary  works;  lawyers,  who  have 
sanitary  wisdom;  philanthropists,  some- 
times misguided  in  their  efforts,  but  help- 
ful. Then  there  is  the  clergy  and  the 
religious  denominations.  These  have  great 
opportunities,  but  too  often  miss  the  mark. 

The  clergy  and  their  various  denomina- 
tional societies  could  be  much  more  effective 
than  they  are  in  bringing  about  improved 
conditions.  Their  opportunities  are  excep- 
tional, but  their  operations,  while  helpful 
to  a  degree  and  worthy  of  commendation, 
too  often  fall  short  and  fail  to  grapple  with 
the  real  needs.  Their  benefits  are  but  tem- 
porary, and  too  often  by  their  palliative 
character  result  in  a  neglect  of  more  radi- 
cal and  basic  treatment.  I  refer  particularly 
to  the  work  that  is  done  under  tl.e  name  of 
charity. 

Charity,  as  it  is  ordinarily  understood,  is 
insufficient  and  temporizes  with  the  real 
difficulty.  The  charity  enjoined  by  Scrip- 
ture, it  seems  to  me,  is  charity  of  the 
mind,  and  disposition  rather  than  physi- 
cal charities.  ** Charity  covereth  a  multi- 
tude of  sins,"  but  it  does  not  cover  a  mul- 
titude of  dirt.  Much  of  the  physical 
charity  of  tooay  is  but  the  individual  or 
corporate  atonement  for  the  shortcomings 
of  the  community.  The  best  physical 
charity  is  the  establishment  and  enforce- 
ment of  proper  sanitar3giJ^^^fSy  VSJ©€Jg*©^ 


.472 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


that  limits  its  activity  to  supplying  food,  or 
clothing,  or  heat  to  the  poor,  and  extend- 
ing sympathy  and  words  of  encouragement, 
is  not  enough.  Let  the  devotee  go 
further;  let  him  ask  why  there  is  al- 
lowed to  exist  within  the  city  such  a 
habitation  where  the  sun  never  enters 
and  light  scarce  permeates;  where  ventila- 
tion is  unprovided,  and  the  air  is  vitiated  by 
overcrowding ;  where  there  is  no  sewer 
connection,  and  where  the  surface  drain- 
age round  about  runs  to  the  cellar  or  first 
floor,  adding  dampness  to  other  bad  condi- 
tions. Let  him  ask,  **Is  there  no  city 
ordinance  that  forbids  such  conditions?** 
If  there  is,  why  is  it  not  enforced  ?*'  Let 
him  say,  **  I  will  inquire  and  if  the  purse 
or  other  influence  of  some  crafty  owner  is 
the  cause  of  this  evasion  of  the  law  I  will 
call  attention  to  it  and  also  to  the  official 
who  is  neglecting  his  duty.*'  Or,  if  there 
is  no  violation  of  the  law,  with  my  friends 
I  will  form  a  coalition,  and  have  elected  to 
the  city  council  some  one  who  will  introduce 
a  proper  ordinance,  and  I  will  help  arouse 
a  public  sentiment  that  will  force  it 
through." 

Put  your  pity,  your  .sympathy,  your  in- 
dignation, your  enthusiasm,  your  charity, 
into  laws  or  ordinances.  Enthusiasm  is 
ephemeral;  determination  is  weakened  by 
time  and  events.  But  if  all  these  are  trans- 
lated into  written  statutes  they  are  pre- 
served and  are  continuously  operative. 

The  Earl  of  Stamford,  in  a  presidential 
address  before  a  sanitary  Congress  at  Brad- 
ford, England,  in  I903,  made  the  following 
statement: 

More  and  more  is  it  becoming  clear  that  indis- 
criminate i>ub]ic  and  private  charities  can  never, 
for  all  their  abundance,  mitigate  a  tithe  of  the 
evil,  misery,  and  pauperism — incidents  of  the  ac- 
cumulation of  the  very  wealth  out  of  which  those 
charities  are  supported.  In  spite  of  all  our  efforts 
at  charitable  relief — nay,  rather  because  of  them — 
the  evil  increases,  and  individual  attempts  to  ar- 
rest the  rising  tide  become  futile.  Before  our  eyes 
spreads  the  depopulated  countrysides,  and  into 
our  cities  in  increasing  crowds  pour  the  men  and 
women  who  were  once  and  ever  should  be  the 
backbone  and  glory  of  the  nation  but  who  now  go 
to  swell  the  ranks  of  the  unemployed  and  to  be- 


come the  victims  of  the  city  slums.  For  th^se  and 
all  the  other  cognate  evils  of  the  day  our  eyes  turn 
for  salvation  and  help  to  sanitation,  and  Lord 
Beaconsfield*s  aphorism,  **  Sanitas,  sanitatum, 
omnia  sanitas,'*  once  lightly  regarded  or  derided, 
has  become  a  mighty  and  accepted  truth. 

How  wide,  then,  is  the  field  of  thought 
and  action  of  the  sanitarian!  He  delves 
into  the  material  problems  connected  with 
the  daily  life  of  the  poorest  of  the  com- 
munity, and  his  mind  is  occupied  with 
constructive  efforts  on  the  part  ot  his  state, 
his  country,  and  of  all  nations.  He  must 
have  his  eye  upon  a  standard  set  upon  the 
highest  pinnacle,  but  must  beware  of 
Utopian  measures.  He  should  remember 
that  a  law  or  measure  which  seems  entirely 
impracticable  today  may  appear  perfectly 
practicable  tomorrow.  And  he  should  have 
the  sound  judgment  which  will  make  him 
withhold  placing  any  stone  in  the  sanitary 
structure  till  the  stone  below  has  been 
firmly  fixed.  His  mission  is  alike  to  keep 
out  disease  and  to  eliminate  its  causes;  as 
an  ally  or  agent  of  law  and  government  to 
spread  a  net  and  hold  it  firm  to  catch  and 
throw  back  the  vicious  and  diseased  in  the 
great  wave  of  immigration  as  it  breaks 
upon  our  shores;  to  lay  the  hand  of  health- 
ful restraint  upon  commerce  for  its  own 
and  the  public  good;  to  check  the  merchant 
or  manufacturer  when  his  absorbing  greed 
for  gain  makes  him  ready  to  risk  the  lives 
of  hundreds;  to  oppose  the  lawyer  when  by 
a  legal  twist  in  behalf  of  the  individual  he 
seeks  to  force  a  way  around  the  sanitary 
barrier  erected  for  the  common  safety;  to 
force  the  slow  comprehension  of  legisla- 
tors; to  prick  the  tardy  conscience  of  the 
doctor  with  the  needle  of  the  law;  to  sweep 
from  the  path  the  sentimental  obstruction 
of  philanthropic  visionaries;  and  to  spread 
the  knowledge  among  the  people  so  neces- 
sary for  their  own  welfare. 

In  his  mission  he  must  bear  in  mind  the 
old  Latin  aphorism:  *  Talma  non  sinepul- 
vere."  But  he  will  find  compensation  in 
that  other  aphorism,  * 'Labor  ipse  volup- 
tas,*'  in  the  consciousness  of  the  nobility 
of  his  efforts  his  labor  will  itself  prove  a 
pleasure.'* 


The  social  economic,  and  union-labeled 
product  exhibit  of  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor  is  now  open  to  visitors  in  the 
Social  Economic  Building,  at  the  Jamestown 
Exposition.  Members  of  organized  labor, 
its  friends,  and  students  who  visit  the 
''^mestown  Exposition,  are  urged  to  visit 


and  examine  the  American  Federation 
of  Labor  exhibit.  A  well-informed,  cour- 
teous trade  unionist  in  the  pei*son  of  Mr. 
C.  P.  Connolly,  of  St.  Louis,  is  in  at- 
tendance and  will  be  glad  to  give  full 
information  and  receive  suggestions  front 
visitors. 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


473 


Industrial  Peace. 


By  John  B.  Powbll. 


EVERY  business,  profession  or  trade 
that  is  honest  is  honorable,  and 
if  industriously  and  intelligently 
followed  ought  surely  to  make  the 
follower  at  least  a  comfortable  living.  In 
the  sense  of  amassing  wealth,  the  accumu- 
lation of  money  comes  with  more  certainty 
to  those  who  derive  it  from  inheritance  or 
profit-producing  factors.  From  the  en- 
hancement of  values  of  stocks,  bonds,  real 
and  commercial  securities  and  transactions, 
margins,  dividends,  and  premiums  are  de- 
rived. These  are  the  foundation  stocks 
which  labor  does  not  possess. 

Advantages  and  opportunities  which  play 
so  great  a  part  with  capital  are  not  happen- 
ings of  the  hour  or  the  day  with  Labor; 
hence  it  can  not  be  said  that  capital  and 
labor  ride  equally  upon  the  surge  and  swell 
of  money's  mighty  current.  Nor  is  it  pos- 
sible for  labor  to  obtain  the  same  real,  sub- 
stantial benefit  which  capital  thus  secures. 

The  laborer,  skilled  or  common,  is  not 
a  capitalist.  He  works  for  what  he  earns — 
money.  He  has  few  real  estate  holdings, 
for  the  most  part  is  a  renter,  and  however 
moderate  his  living  expenses,  finds  his 
earnings  barely  sufficient  to  meet  them  and 
not  enough  to  serve  as  a  foundation  for  a 
fortune  of  any  considerable  value,  in  fact 
the  margins  of  his  earnings  are  so  narrow 
that  he  really  can  not  invest  in  any  profit- 
making  enterprise. 

An  extraordinary  individual  would  be 
the  .satisfied  person.  Were  we  all  rich,  in 
the  sense  of  having  unlimited  wealth,  we 
would  still  be  contending  for  the  acme  of 
possession.  The  effort  to  ascend  in  the 
financial  scale,  generally  falls  heaviest  on 
the  man  who  earns  his  prosperity  *  *by  the 
sweat  of  his  brow,"  and  in  most  such  cases 
it  is  the  man  of.  labor,  trade  and  mechanics 
whose  physical  forces  are  strained  to  the 
utmost.  If  he  asserts  his  skill  and  industry 
are  of  such  value  as  to  give  him  a  right  to 
demand  a  remuneration  that  will  be  suffi- 
cient to  provide  him  an  income  beyond  his 


living  requirements,  he  is  where  the  more 
potent  power — the  capitalist — gives  him  a 
scornful  look  and  declares  he  is  without 
merit. 

Indeed,  says  that  power,  when  you  place 
your  skill  and  endurance  before  me  for  remunera- 
tion, you  must  realize  that  I  am  its  judge  as  I  am 
the  proper  one  to  estimate  the  supply  and  demand 
and  to  nz  t)ie  profit  I  should  have. 

This  is  the  condition  which  the  labor 
world  encounters.  Much  of  capital  is  rep- 
resented in  its  employers'  associations. 

When  it  is  considered  that  there  are  today 
over  three  millions  of  men  supporting  a 
varied  number  of  trade  unions,  it  can  not 
be  consistently  denied  they  have  in  their 
unity,  inalienable  rights  which  they  should 
assert  and  protect. 

Organized  labor  seeks  to  inculcate  the 
principle  that  a  just  service  is  entitled  to  a 
just  compensation ;  a  rational  endurance  to  a 
rational  rest;  and  in  the  moral  domain  it  aims 
to  free  men  from  the  rapacity  and  slavery  of 
money's  power,  to  spread  calm,  clear,  liberal 
thought,  speech,  and  action  along  the  lines 
of  right,  reason,  and  justice,  and  to  make 
life  peaceful,  worth  the  living,  uncontrolled 
and  uncontrollable  by  the  elements  of  hate, 
avarice,  and  contention. 

However,  it  may  be  asked  whether  labor 
has  a  dispute  with  capital  or  capital  with 
labor,  which  is  so  pregnant  with  contention 
and  of  such  importance  in  an  international 
scope,  that  it  is  really  a  subject  fitly  to  be 
considered  and  passed  upon  by  a  congress 
appointed  to  review  and  decide  questions 
purely  affecting  affairs  pertaining  to  poli- 
tical and  international  government  and 
conditions.  We  are  interested,  but  not 
concerned,  in  what  is  occurring  or  has  oc- 
curred in  Germany,  France,  Australia,  and 
elsewhere,  but  there  is  no  industrial  dis- 
quiet interrupting  the  amity  of  nations  in 
an  international  scope.  True,  a  strike  orig- 
inating among  the  shipping  in  a  seaport  of 
one  country  might  to  some  extent  involve 
navigation  to  a  foreign  port,  and  thus  be- 
come an  international  menace,  but  it  is 
Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


474 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


hardly  probable  that  a  conflict  between 
capital  and  labor  in  any  of  our  inland  cities 
would  be  other  than  local  in  effect. 

Organized  labor  claims  that  its  cause  is 
that  of  equity,  right,  reason,  and  justice, 
the primiim  modzie  of  humanity's  prosper- 
ity, shirking  no  responsibility,  but  prepared 
to  face  public  opinion  the  world  over  as  a 
sincere  advocate  of  industrial  peace  and 
earnest  in  any  effort  that  will  secure  impar- 
tial judgment  upon  all  questions  involving 
the  rights  of  wage-earners  and  employers 
to  the  end  that  harmony  and  peace  may 
generally  prevail. 

Very  naturally  it  is  pertinent  to  inquire 
whether  there  is  a  hope  for  any  such  happy 
probability. 

Past  observation  is  not  encouraging,  if 
we  look  to  the  domains  of  capital  *as  repre- 
sented in  the  manufacturers'  association. 

Former  President  D.  M.  Parry  said  at 
one  time: 

The  only  true  solution  of  the  labor  question 
must  lie  in  an  appeal  to  the  intelligence  of  the 
people. 

Arbitration,  he  elsewhere  said,  is  an  interfer- 
ence with  free  competitive  conditions,  and  its  effect 
can  not,  therefore,  fail  to  be  detrimental  and,  if 
.generally  adopted,  its  tendency  will  be  to  ham^r 
industry,  bring  about  a  waste  of  effort  and  an  in- 
crease of  the  cost  of  production  and  a  decrease 
in  the  margin  of  profit. 

The  recent  determination  of  this  same 
association  to  raise  $1 ,  500,000  to  fight  labor 
unions,  seems  to  show  that  the  spirit  of 
peace  is  not  theirs. 

The  declaration  of  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor  presents  an  advanced  position 
in  American  citizenship  as  shown  in  its  re- 
solution that  **Labor  should  make  an 
organized  effort  to  aid  the  movement  for 
arbitration  of  international  disputes.** 

There  is  manifest  a  spirit  on  the  part  of 
organized  labor,  in  the  resolution  quoted, 
to  uphold  the  highest  possible  tribunal, 
wherever  it  may  sit  in  judgment  to  pass 
upon  its  views  on  arbitration  and  its  claims 
to  equity  and  justice.  Will  not  the  public 
note  the  defiance  of  the  capitalists  as  repre- 
sented by  the  manufacturers*  association 
and  the  reasonableness  of  labor  as  mani- 
•  fested  by  the  action  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor. 

Accepting  Mr.  Parry  as  a  capitalist,  or 
rather  as  a  man  with  capital  in  the  field  of 
manufacture,  we  may  look  upon  his  ex- 
pressions as   voicing  the  sentiments  of  the 


avowed  opponents  of  organized  labor; 
hence  it  is  interesting  to  compare  his  utter- 
ances with  those  of  President  Gompers,  of 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  a  body 
that  is  virtually  the  representative  congress 
of  American  organized  labor. 

Labor  welcomes,  says  Mr.  Gompers,  without 
being  carpingly  critical,  any  effort  that  may  be 
made  which  will  bring  peace  to  the  peoples  of  the 
world.  Labor  sincere^  declares  that  the  time 
must  come,  and  come  soon,  when  the  world  will 
recognize  that  peace  is  essential  to  the  full  devel- 
opment of  industrial,  commercial,  and  civilized  life 
as  air  is  to  human  life. 

Mr.  Parry  says,  Any  crusade  having  for  ift  ob- 
ject the  grinding  down  of  labor,  should  meet  the 
determined  opposition  of  practically  the  entire 
membership  of  American  manufacturers. 

Mr.  Gompers  remarks,  that  the  hopes  and  as- 
pirations  and  the  determined  efforts  of  America's 
toilers  are  to  join  in  the  higher,  nobler,and  more 
humane  endeavors  for  peace  and  harmony. 

Which,  if  you  please,  speaks  honestly, 
truly,  and  sincerely  for  his  cause  and  the 
cause  of  humanity?  One  represents  •  mil- 
lions or  money,  the  other  millions  of  minds, 
while  both  attract  the  attention  of  the 
thinking  world,  and  what  they  say,  or  have 
said,  will  be  weighed  in  the  scales  of  careful 
thought  by  the  weighmaster  of  us  all — the 
public. 

There  are  people  who  delight  to  applaud 
an  unrighteous  victory  over  a  righteous 
cause.  The  reai  heroes  are  sometimes  the 
•  defeated,  and  they  may  well  stand  before 
the  world  claiming  its  admiration,  being 
conscious  of  the  glory  that  their  field  is  the 
field  of  honor;  their  ensign,  that  of  justice; 
their  appeal,  reason's  appeal,  and  their  de- 
fense that  of  the  right. 

Stand  such  heroes  before  my  eyes  to  ad- 
mire; let  my  ears  hear  their  appeal,  and 
my  voice  proclaim  that  their  defeat  is  noble 
in  its  pathos  and  sublime  in  its  grandeur, 
for  their  cause  is  the  cause  of  humanity, 
weakened  only  for  a  day  in  its  suffering,  for 
it  knows  no  final  surrender  on  the  field 
where  it  has  fought,  is  fighting,  and  will, 
continue  to  fight,  not  for  its  existence  as 
an  organized  body,  but  for  the  breath  and 
body  of  its  families,  its  friends,  its  mem- 
bers— the  solid  ranks  of  the  great  army  of 
toilers  whose  mind  and  muscle  have  devel- 
oped the  might  and  main  of  the  land  and 
made  possible  its  material  and  commercial 
facilities,  productiveness,  and  prosperity, 
and  certainly  its  cause  is,  in  a  constituent 
sense,  the  cause  of  humanity. 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


47S 


Labor  Disputes  in  Germany. 


By  Hans  Fehunger. 


Munich,  Germany, 

Jufie  <?,  igoy, 

SO  LONG  as  the  industrial  machine 
is  so  unevenly  balanced  as  at  pres- 
ent, no  amount  of  care,  and  no 
precaution,  however  wisely  di- 
rected, can  avert  strikes  and  lockouts. 
They  are  necessary  evils  and  will  continue 
to  play  a  part  in  our  industrial  life  as  long 
as  small  groups  of  individuals  are  allowed 
to  place  the  maintenance  of  a  certain  rate 
of  interest  before  the  industrial  content  and 
economic  security  of  the  wealth  producers. 

Trade  unions  regard  strikes  always  as  a 
reserve  power,  only  to  be  used  when  all: 
other  means  to  improve  the  working  con- 
ditions of  their  members  have  failed.  But 
there  are  still  many  employers  in  this  coun- 
try who  are  not  willing  to  settle  questions 
as  to  hours  and  wages  in  joint  conference 
with  the  representatives  of  organized  labor, 
employers  who  can  not  reconcile  themselves 
with  the  thought  that  wage- earners  have 
equal  rights  as  citizens,  and  that  they  must 
have  the  right,  also,  of  collectively  selling 
their  labor  power. 

To  strike  may  be  considered  a  crude  way 
to  settle  a  dispute,  but  what  other  method 
have  the  men  upon  which  to  rely,  if  the 
employer  i-ef uses  to  meet  the  officials  of  the 
trade  union  and  to  discuss  grievances  ? 

The  following  summary  of  strikes  and 
lockouts  in  the  years  1900  to  1905  is  based  on 
the  statistics  of  the  General  Commission  of 
German  Trade  Unions.  The  figures  show 
that  indtistrial  struggles  are  very  numerous 
in  Germany,  and  that  they  tend  to  in- 
crease in  recent  years: 


Year. 


1900 

1901. 

1902. 

1903. 

1904 

1905- 


Total  number  of 

strikes  and 

lockouts 


Number  of  per- 
sons involved. 


852 
727 

861 
1,282 
1,625 
2,323 


I 


115,711 
48.522 

55.713 
121.593 
135,957 
507,997 


Fortunately  it  can  be  said  that  the  pro- 
portion of  labor  disputes  terminating  in 
favor  of   the  workmen  continuously   rose 


during  the  last  five  years  from  60.4  per 
cent  of  the  total  number  of  disputes  in  1901 
to  63.1  per  cent  in  1902,  68.4  per  cent  in 
1903,  75.8  per  cent  in  1904,  and  77.1  per 
cent  in  I905.  Up  to  1904  the  General 
Commission  of  German  Trade  Unions  pub- 
lished statistics  of  strikes  and  lockouts  only, 
but  not  of  those  movements  for  improving 
the  conditions  of  labor  which  did  not  lead 
to  a  cessation  of  woik.  In  order  to  show 
this  side  of  trade  union  activity  it  was  de- 
cided to  compile  statistics  of  all  movements 
for  increasing  wages  and  shortening  the 
hours  of  work,  so  that  the  achievements  of 
organized  labor  might  be  fully  appreciated. 

In  1905  wage  movements,  strikes,  and 
lockouts  occurred  in  44,040  establishments 
'  and  involved  893.337  employes.  In  conse- 
quence of  these  movements  186,363  persons 
obtained  a  reduction  of  their  working  time 
amounting  to  696,259  hours  per  week,  and 
427,187  persons  had  an  increase  of  wages 
amounting  to  885. 3II  marks  per  week. 
Furthermore,  107,478  persons  obtained  in- 
creased wages  for  overtime,  71 ,632  persons 
obtained  higher  pay  for  night  and  Sunday 
work,  18,340  persons  had  piece-work 
abolished,  8. 123  persons  obtained  improved 
working  rules,  125,135  persons  obtained 
other  advantages.  In  1 ,  507  cases  collective 
trade  agreements  were  arrived  at  for  257, 791 
wage-earners.  The  sum  of  11,000,000 
marks  was  spent  for  all  disputes.  In  1905 » 
the  largest  number  of  workmen  (216,923) 
involved  in  strikes  and  lockouts  was  in  the 
mining  industry.  Next  to  the  miners  came 
the  metal  trades  with  86,046,  the  building 
trades  with  79,075,  and  the  olothins:  and 
textile  trades  with  63.892  persons  taking 
part  in  labor  disputes.  The  greatest  success 
in  shortening  the  working  time  and  increas- 
ing wages  was  achieved  in  the  building 
trades;  in  this  group  of  trades  50,900  per- 
sons obtained  shorter  hours  of  labor  amount- 
ing to  212,616  hours  per  week,  and  203,822 
persons  had  increases  of  wages  amounting 
to  418,221  marks  per  week. 

One  of  the  most  important  causes  of 
many  strikes  in  recent  years  was  the  in- 
crease of  the  prices  of  nearly  all  commodi- 
ties in  consequence  of  the  new  tarifiF  and 
commercial  treaties.  ^ 

Digitized  by  LjDOQIC 


476  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


EDITORIAL. 


By  SAMUEL  GOMPERS. 

CAPITALISTS'  Parry  has  been  out- Parried.  The  National  Association  of 
WAR  FUND  Manufacturers  which  recently  held  its  convention  in  New 
TO  CRUSH  York  City  revealed  a  degree  of  bourbonism,  stupidity, 
LABOR.  malignity,  and  impudence  that  astonished  even  the  cor- 

poration organs.  The  comments  of  the  press  throughout  the  country  on 
the  proceedings  of  that  gathering  have  been  almost  uniformly  unfavorable, 
and  this  is  a  good  sign — a  sign  of  progress.  But  how  is  one  to  account  for 
the  violence  and  folly  of  the  moving  spirits  of  the  convention  ?  Is  it  possi- 
ble that  the  manufacturers  of  the  country,  many  of  whom  have  just  and 
rational  ideas,  maintain  friendly  relations  with  union  labor,  have  trade 
agreements  with  labor,  conduct  union  shops;  will  allow  an  association,  con- 
trolled by  reactionaries  and  ranters  to  misrepresent  thenj  and  create  strife, 
ill  will,  and  bitterness? 

The  president  of  the  association,  Mr.  Van  Cleave,  of  St.  Louis,  is  evi- 
dently jealous  of  Parry  and  determined  to  better  that  gentleman's  instruc- 
tions. One  of  his  recommendations  in  the  annual  address  was  contained  in 
the  following  passage: 

We  Want  to  federate  the  manufacturers  <rf  this  country  to  effectively  fight  indus- 
trial oppression.  The  president  ought  to  have  fully  $500,000  a  year  for  the  next  three 
years.  We  should  certainly  provide  ways  and  means  to  properly  finance  the  association! 
to  federate  the  employers  of  the  country,  and  to  educate  our  manufacturers  to  a  proper 
sense  of  their  own  duty,  patriotism,  and  self-interests. 

The  convention  agreed  with  Mr.  Van  Cleave  and  appointed  a  commit- 
tee of  35  to  raise  the  amount  specified. 

What  does  the  association  propose  to  do  with  such  a  fund?  Hire  spies, 
establish  agencies  of  strike-breakers,  corrupt  and  bribe  law-makers  or 
others,  maintain  lobbies?  **  Not  at  all,*'  say  the  oflficers.  The  fund  is  to  be 
devoted  to  educational  purposes.  The  public  is  to  be  informed  as  to  the 
awful  aims  and  demands  and  methods  of  organized  labor,  and  manufacturers 
who  are  not  suflSciently  alarmed  and  excited  are  to  be  worked  up  to  the 
proper  pitch. 

Mr.  Van  Cleave  indicated  in  his  address  what  it  was  he  wanted  to 
combat  in  the  union  movement.  He  was  modest  and  generous.  He  did  not 
propose  to  destroy  unions  root  and  branch.  He  had  no  objection  to  benevo- 
lent associations  of  workingmen.  He  was  opposed,  and  would  fight,  if  you 
please,  the  * 'abuses'*  and  **evils'*  of  unionism.  And  what  are  they  from 
the  Van  Cleave  point  of  view? 

The  closed  shop,  the  boycott,  limitation  of  apprentices,  limitation  of 
output,  dictation  by  the  unions  or  the  officers,  and  the  attempt  to  control 
legislation.  New  issues,  the  convention  was  told,  had  been  raised  by  the 
apparent  resolve  of  labor  to  **  terrorize  the  President,  Congress,  judges,  and 
juries."  This  danger  had  to  be  fought  at  all  points  and  at  any  cost. 

Now,  union  labor  will  not  give  up  the  right  of  contract  upon  which 
the  **clo.sed,**  or   more  properly  speaking,  the  union  shop,  is  based;  nor 

Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST  477 

the  right  to  dispose  of  its  patronage  as  it  wills,  which  is  the  basis  of  the 
peaceful  boycott.  It  will  not  give  up  the  right  to  have  a  voice  in  the  man- 
agement of  the  shop,  and  to  determine  on  what  terms  and  conditions  it  will 
co-operate  with  capital  in  production,  and  the  right  to  work  steadily  for  the 
improvement  of  the  position  of  the  wage-earner. 

Employers  who  do  not  like  this  will  have  to  accept  the  situation  all  the 
same. 

The  notion  that  employers  are  **  masters,*'  and  that  Labor  should  bow 
to  their  will  and  be  thankful  for  the  opportunity  to  work  at  all,  is  out  of 
date. 

What  the  Parry-Post-Van  Cleave  element  calls   * 'dictation"   is  merely 
Labor's  assertion  of  its  own  rights  and  interests. 

Output,  apprenticeship,  wages,  hours,  and  so  on,  are  not  the  **  em- 
ployer's business"  alone;  the  employes  are  concerned  in  them,  and  hence 
such  matters  should  be  settled  by  agreement,  by  discussion,  by  friendly 
conference,  and  in  a  spirit  of  mutual  respect  and  good  will. 

As  to  the  charge  of  **  terrorizing  the  President,  Congress,  courts,"  and 
so  on,  it  is  as  impudent  as  it  is  ridiculous. 

Are  the  manufacturers  and  merchants  to  have  a  monopoly  of  the  right 
to  present  their  demands  to  Congress  and  the  Executive,  to  pass  resolutions, 
to  approve  and  disapprove  records  of  public  men,  to  vote  or  refuse  to  vote 
for  candidates  for  public  office? 

What  about  the  lobbies  of  the  manufacturers  at  the  national  and  state 
capitals? 

What  about  their  efforts  to  defeat  labor  legislation  ?  What  about  their 
position  pro  or  con  regarding  tariff  legislation  and  numbers  of  other  ques- 
tions ? 

When  manufacturers  appear  before  executive,  or  legislative  bodies, 
they  are  within  their  rights  as  citizens,  but  when  union  labor  does  this,  it 
is  guilty  of  seeking  to  **  terrorize  the  government,"  and  a  great  outrage  is 
committed,  so  that  a  million  and  a  half  dollar  fund  becomes  necessary  in 
order  to  attack  the  terrible  evil!    Such  hypocrisy  is  nauseating. 

No  wonder,  as  we  have  .said,  that  even  daily  papers  that  are  not  at  all 
generous,  or  even  decently  fair,  as  a  rule,  in  their  treatment  of  organized 
labor,  could  not  swallow  the  sickening  cant  and  rubbish  of  the  convention, 
and  criticised  the  Van  Cleave  address,-  the  fund  scheme,  and  the  whole  spirit 
of  the  proceedings.    Even  the  Wall  Street /aumai  ssiid  this  about  the  fund: 

This  is  the  wrong  way  to  grapple  with  the  problem.  Co-operation,  not  war,  should 
be  the  program.  It  were  better  to  adopt  the  suggestion  of  Secretary  Straus  and  invite 
the  leaders  of  organized  labor  to  meet  with  the  manufacturers  for  joint  consultation  and 
action.    Organized  labor  is  here  to  stay,  as  organized  capital  is. 

But  the  convention  was  not  only  reactionary  on  the  subject  of  or- 
ganized labor,  but  proved  its  fanatical  bourbonism  by  declarations  on 
several  other  matters.  Mr.  Van  Cleave  wanted  free  importation  of  contract 
labor  and  objected  to  certain  rulings  of  the  Department  of  Commerce  and 
Labor  on  recent  southern  immigration  cases — rulings  made  under  the  pre- 
sent law.  He  wants  protection  for  his  goods,  but  a  free  market  in  cheap 
labor.     He  also  objected  to  child  labor  legislation  and  alleged  that  the       t 

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478  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

so-called  evils  of  child  labor  are  greatly  exaggerated  by  meddlers  and  reform- 
ers. The  census  statistics,  he  claimed,  were  inaccurate  and  misleading,  and 
as  a  matter  of  fact  this  country,  including  the  South,  is  a  paradise  for  child 
workers. 

To  this  sort  of  a  convention.  Secretary  Straus  preached  the  gospel  of 
high  wages,  of  reason,  of  justice  to  labor,  of  conciliation  and  trade  agree^ 
ments.  Before  whom  was  he  casting  his  pearls?  He  was  treated  politely, 
but  we  would  wager  the  Van  Cleave- Post- Parry  gentry  consider  him  a 
dangerous  radical,  an  agitator,  an  enemy  of  capital  and  * 'vested"  interests. 

But,  after  all,  is. there  not  something  concealed  behind  the  scheme  to 
raise  a  war  fund  of  a  million  and  a  half  of  dollars — something  beneath  even 
the  pretended  cause  given  by  Van  Cleave  and  endorsed  by  his  capitalist 
organization?  Is  it  not  true  that  there  lurks  in  his  mind,  and  in  the  minds 
of  those  who  approved  his  plan,  the  thought,  prompted  by  the  hope,  that 
the  organizations  of  labor  may  be  crushed  out  of  existence  within  the  next 
three  years  ? 

Surely,  the  bitterness  of  the  tirades  indulged  in  by  Van  Cleave,  by 
Parry,  and  by  other  Van  Cleaves  and  Parrys,  with  other  names,  gives  good 
ground  for  the  suspicion  that  union  crushing  is  their  dream  and  their  goal. 
And  justified,  as  we  are,  in  discerning  this  as  their  real  motive  and  purpose, 
it  might  not  be  amiss  for  the  would-be  union  crushers  to  bear  in  mind  the 
following: 

With  every  attempt  to  annihilate  it  Labor  has  emerged  more  intelligent, 
more  thoroughly  organized,  and  better  equipped  to  contend  for  its  rights. 

Union-haters  ought  to  study  the  history  of  industry  and  the  historic 
development  of  the  labor  movement,  not  only  of  this  country,  but  of  the 
whole  world.     They  would  then  learn  that  in  the  early  days — 

When  a  workman  undertook  to  seek  another  employer,  he  was  re- 
garded by  the  law  as  a  thief  who  robbed  the  employer  of  his  labor. 

He  was  branded  with  hot  irons,  imprisoned  and  put  to  death  for  that 
ofiFense. 

If  two  or  more  men  discussed  the  question  of  wages  or  conditions  of 
employment  with  a  view  to  their  betterment,  it  was  a  conspiracy  punish- 
able by  imprisonment  and  death. 

Rulers,  employers,  and  merchants  were  in  league  to  tyrannize  over  the 
laborers  and  prevent  any  realization  by  the  worker  of  his  ownership  of 
himself. 

Up  to  recent  times  the  term  **  master  and  servant"  was  the  only  con- 
ception of  the  relations  between  workmen  and  their  employers  and  was  up- 
held by  governmental  power  and  judicial  process. 

Even  a  brief  survey  of  the  long  past  as  well  as  of  comparatively  recent 
times  will  show  that  immense  fortunes  have  been  utilized  to  prevent  the 
growth  or  to  crush  out  the  spirit  of  associated  effort  among  the  working 
people. 

The  man  with  the  receding  forehead  and  bent  back,  the  "  Man  with 
the  Hoe,"  does  not  in  any  way  typify  either  the  character  or  the  spirit  of 
the  American  workman. 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  47^ 

The  American  workman  stands  with  head  erect,  clear  eyed,  and  stout- 
hearted, realizing  the  advantages  that  have  come  to  him  and  his  by 
associated,  organized  effort  with  his  fellows. 

Those  benefits  and  advantages  which  have  come  to  the  American  work- 
men in  their  homes  and  in  their  lives  have  not  been  brought  to  them  upon 
silver  platters  nor  by  the  sympathetic  condescension  of  the  employing 
class.  They  have  been  achieved  by  the  constantly  growing  intelligence  and 
organization  of  the  workers.  This  consciousness  is  so  deep-seated,  their  de- 
termination to  stand  together  and  to  organize  the  yet  unorganized  of  their 
fellow-workers  so  strong,  that  the  Van  Cleave- Post -Parry  aggregation  may 
bring  to  bear  their  war  fund  tenfold  increased  and  it  will  but  instill  into 
the  minds  of  America's  toilers  a  still  greater  persistency  and  a  more  grim 
determination  to  stand  by  their  ennobling  purposes  under  the  proud  banner 
of  organized  labor. 

Loyal  as  any  in  our  country  are  the  organized  workingmen  of  America; 
more  loyal  than  the  president  of  the  employers'  association  of  Chicago,  who 
refused  to  salute  the  flag  of  our  country;  more  loyal  in  the  support  of  our 
country  in  time  of  stress  or  storm,  than  any  members  the  Van  Cleave  outfit 
can  boast. 

Three  years  from  now  the  time  will  have  expired  when  the  million  and 
a  half  dollar  capitalist  war  fund  is  expected  to  have  completed  its  work. 
We  are  neither  a  prophet  nor  the  son  of  a  prophet,  but  we  opine  that  in 
May,  1910,  the  organizations  of  labor,  instead  of  having  been  diminished 
in  numbers  or  influence,  or  having  been  driven  out  of  existence,  will  have 
developed  not  only  double  their  present  strength,  but  will  also  exert  greater 
power  and  influence  for  the  common  good  than  at  any  time  previous  to  that 
period. 

Van  Cleaye,  Parry,  Post,  pin  this  in  your  hat,  and  if  you  live  until 
then,  see  if  your  hopes  are  achieved  or  our  prediction  verified.  The  labor 
movement  lives  not  only  for  our  time  but  for  the  future. 


The  Chicago  Chronicle,  the  most  prominent,  vigorous,  and  vitriolic  oppo- 
nent of  organized  labor  among  the  daily  press  of  the  whole  country,  has 
recently  been  obliged  to  suspend  publication.  But  organized  labor  still 
lives  and  grows. 


M ELLEN,  THE  Recently  President  Mellen,  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven 
N.  Y. TIMES,  and  Hartford  Railroad  Company,  made  a  statement  which 
J^^^  has  been  utilized  by  that  portion  of  the  newspaper  press 

LABOR  which  gladly  grabs  at  and  magnifies  every  utterance,  no 

matter  how  flimsy,  which  is  calculated  to  reflect  adversely 
upon  the  cause  of  labor.  Among  these  papers  is  the  New  York  Times,  which 
takes  Mr.  Mellen's  statement  as  the  basis  for  a  screed  against  the  position 
which  labor  takes  regarding  the  capitalist  policy  of  wage  reductions.  But 
we  must  first  quote  Mr.  Mellen's  statement  before  discussing  the  Times' 
fallacious  contentions,  flings,  and  conclusions. 

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480  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

Says  Mr.  Mellen: 

I  regret  to  say,  so  far  as  the  organized  labor  item  is  concerned,  that  I  am  meeting 
a  constantly  decreased  efficiency  with  every  increase  granted  in  wages. 

Without  assuming  a  positive  knowledge  of  the  details  of  the  particular 
incident  to  which  reference  is  made  in  the  quotation,  we  are  confident  the 
statement  can  not  be  borne  out  by  the  facts;  that  an  investigation  would 
show  the  assertion  to  be* unfounded;  that  if  any  person,  private  or  official, 
were  to  charge  that  the  railroad  over  which  Mr.  Mellen  presides  is  less  safe 
for  travel  because  the  engineers  and  other  men  in  connection  with  the  op- 
eration of  the  road  are  less  efficient  today  than  they  were  in  the  past,  Presi- 
dent Mellen  would  quickly  and  indignantly  denounce  the  assertion  as  a 
slander,  and  would  justly  claim  that  in  every  department  of  his  railroad 
the  work  is  performed  by  men  of  the  utmost  reliability  and  of  the  highest 
efficiency. 

In  truth,  his  statement  is  so  at  variance  with  the  facts,  that  the  history 
of  organized  industry  past  and  present  is  its  best  refutation. 

But  there  must  be  a  clue  to  the  animus  of  Mr.  Mellen's  baseless  state- 
ment, and  it  is  found  in  the  very  language  he  used.  Where  can  he  find  on 
his  pay-roll  an  *  *  organized  labor  item  ? ' '  He  will  no  doubt  find  items  of 
wages  and  salaries  paid  to  workmen  and  laborers  for  services  performed, 
but  for  organized  labor,  as  such,  not  a  fraction. 

As  we  have  pointed  out,  the  term  ** organized  labor,'*  employed  by 
President  Mellen,  shows  that  he  aimed  to  cast  some  sort  of  stigma  upon 
labor  unions  and  so  relieved  himself  of  that  chunk  of  untruth,  tried  to 
palm  it  off  on  a  tolerant  public,  and  thus  gave  material  deemed  good 
enough  by  the  New  York  Times  for  its  ignorant  comments  on  economics, 
•  ignorance  as  indicated  even  by  the  very  heading,  "More  Wages,  Less 
Work,"  it  placed  over  the  editorial  in  question.  Here  is  a  quotation 
from  it: 

It  was  some  months  ago  that  Mr.  Gompers  issued  without  copyright  his  method 
for  prolonging  prosperity — as  soon  as  it  slackens,  increase  wages.  This  will  increase 
the  nation's  spending  power,  which  will  stimulate  consumption,  and  remedy  overpro- 
duction, the  great  first  cause  of  reaction.  Mr.  Gompers,  no  more  than  those  whom  he 
leads  in  the  direction  President  Mellen  deplores,  shows  appreciation  of  the  fatal  defect 
in  his  plan.  At  some  point  in  the  upward  path  of  prices  employers  lose  their  profits 
through  increased  cost  of  production,  and  when  profits  fail  shops  must  shut  down, 
whatever  t^e  men  or  their  employers  wish. 

We  ask  any  candid  reader  to  answer  for  himself  a  few  questions. 

Is  not  production  primarily  for  the  use  and  the  consumption  of  the 
people  ? 

Is  not  overproduction  another  term  for  the  same  economic  condition, 
underconsumption  ? 

Should  the  people  go  hungry  because  through  their  labors  there  is 
overproduction  of  food  stuffs  ? 

Should  the  people  go  ragged  because  through  their  labors  there  is  an 
overproduction  of  wearing  apparel? 

Should  the  people  live  in  smaller  quarters  or  in  the  streets  because 
through  their  labors  there  is  an  overproduction  of  dwelling-houses  ? 

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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  48i 

If  the  using  and  consuming  power  of  the  masses  were  increased,  would 
not  overproduction,  the  real  cause  of  industrial  stagnation  and  reaction,  be 
avoided? 

These  questions  might  be  continued  ad  libitum,  and  the  answers  lo 
them  are  obvious  and  axiomatic. 

The  economic  unwisdom  of  the  Times  is  also  indicated  in  its  state- 
ment that  this  (higher  wages)  will  increase  the  **«a//V?«*5  spending  power.*' 
It  evidently  does  not  know,  or  conveniently  forgets,  that  often  nations 
spend  tremendously  while  the  people  spend  little  and  live  in  abject  poverty. 
It  is  an  economic  truth  about  which  there  is  no  differences  among  the  var- 
ious schools  of  political  economists  that  a  nation's  prosperity  and  progress 
depend  upon  the  increased  production  and  the  increased  use  and  consump- 
tion of  things  produced. 

The  Federal  Bureau  of  Statistics  in  its  report  for  April  and  the  first  ten 
months  of  the  present  fiscal  year  shows  an  increase  of  exports  for  that 
month  over  April  of  last  year,  of  $13,000,000,  and  again  in  the  exports  for 
the  first  ten  months  of  the  present  fiscal  year  over  the  same  period  of  last 
year,  of  approximately  $120,000,000.  The  most  notable  features  in  these 
exports  are  the  decline  in  our  shipments  of  food  products  and  increased  ship- 
ment of  manufactured  products. 

All  through  our  own  country  there  is  the  liveliest  activity  in  industry 
and  commerce;  and  where,  pray,  then,  is  the  indication  that  because  of  the 
upward  tendency  of  wages  shops  have  **shut  down  ?  " 

In  the  manufacturing  plants  of  the  country,  in  the  plant  of  the  Times 
itself  where  wages  have  been  increased,  the  Times  will,  we  are  sure,  note 
with  satisfaction  that  with  increased  wages  the  eflSciency  of  employes  has 
improved.  We  cite  these  facts  as  the  best  answer  to  the  unfounded  asser- 
tions of  both  President  Mellen  and  the  Times, 

It  is  a  fact  quite  easily  demonstrable  that  in  a  country  where  wages 
are  highest  and  conditions  of  employment  for  the  workers  best,  there  the 
industrial,  commercial,  moral,  and  social  conditions  have  attained  their 
highest  development  and  progress. 

The  Times  should  bear  in  mind  that  this  is  not  an  individual,  but  an 
economic  and  sociological  question  with  which  we  are  dealing. 

Further  on  in  the  same  editorial,  the  Times  says: 

President  Mellen  is  not  the  first  to  notice  the  decreased  efficiency  of  labor  during 
prosperity,  nor  is  it  noticed  for  the  first  time  now.  Sociologists  know  very  well  that 
shorter  hours  and  enlarged  incomes  frequently  result  in  self-indulgence,  too  often  in 
modes  of  living  which  reduce  physical  capacity  for  work,  rather  than  in  storing  up  sur- 
plus earnings  in  a  reservoir  for  effort  when  powers  shall  fail. 

Where  in  all  our  country  does  the  Times  get  its  facts  for  its  assertion  . 
of  the  * 'decreased  efiiciency  of  labor  during  prosperity?" 

Upon  what  foundation  after  all  is  prosperity  based? 

Is  the  term  ''prosperity"  simply  a  fanciful  word  with  which  to  juggle? 

Is  not  the  very  essence  of  the  term  "prosperity"  a  tribute  to  the  power 
of  production,  of  use  and  consumption  of  the  things  produced  by  the  masses 
of  the  workers — the  wealth  producers? 

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482  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

Where  in  all  the  world  can  we  find  greater  and  better  wealth  producers 
than  among  the  working  people  of  the  United  States? 

Compared  man  with  man,  there  is  no  harder  toiler,  more  persistent 
and  successful  producer  than  the  wage-earner  of  the  United  States? 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  to  speak  of  the  prosperity  of  the  people  of  a 
country,  is  a  declaration  at  the  same  time,  even  unexpressed  in  words,  of 
the  increased  efficiency  of  the  workers,  as  the  producers  of  wealth,  as  well 
as  in  its  use  and  consumption. 

It  may  be  true  as  the  Times  states,  that  **  shorter  hours  and  enlarged 
incomes  frequently  result  in  self-indulgence,  too  often  in  modes  of  living 
which  reduce  physical  capacity  for  work,  rather  than  in  storing  up  surplus 
earnings  in  a  reservoir  for  effort  when  powers  shall  fail.*'  But  this  asser- 
tion has  no  application  to  the  wage-earners — the  working  people.  If  it  has 
any  truth  at  all,  it  applies  to  the  members  of  that  class  whose  hours  have 
become  so  shortened,  and  whose  incomes  have  become  so  enlarged  and  their 
self-indulgence  so  flagrant,  as  not  only  to  reduce,  but  to  destroy  their  desire, 
or  physical  capacity  for  work. 

More  than  likely  the  Times  finds  itself  a  victim  of  the  same  dementia 
with  President  Mellen,  as  indicated  in  his  address  before  the  Trinity  College 
students  last  March,  in  which  he  raged  against  rate  laws  and  other  attempts 
at  railroad  regulation,  and  incidentally  blamed  all  his  troubles  and  difficul- 
ties upon  organized  labor.     But  it  won't  do. 


EDITORIAL  NOTES. 

Taking  Harry  Orchard's  description  of  himself,  in  his  evidence  against 
Wm.  D.  Haywood,  he  writes  himself  down  the  most  consummate  scoundrel 
and  J>estial  brute  the  world  has  known.  Murderer,  bigamist,  burglar, 
incendiary,  fraud,  liar,  thief,  are  a  few  of  titles  of  crimes  which  he  cheer- 
fully testifies  he  committed.  It  can  not  be  imagined  that  upon  the 
testimony  of  an  incarnate  villain  so  debased,  any  honest  American  jury  will 
convict  a  man,  who,  despite  his  opinions,  has  hitherto  born  a  spotless  per- 
sonal reputation. 


The  National  Metal  Trades'  Association,  one  of  the  bitterest  and  closest 
of  employers'  associations  fighting  labor  oganizations,  is  up  against  strikes 
of  machinists  in  many  parts  of  the  country  and  do  not  know  which 
way  to  turn  to  meet  the  situation.  In  1901,  this  employers'  association 
vowed,  and  pledged  each  member  morally  and  financially,  to  destroy  the 
International  Association  of  Machinists.  '  Since  then  the  International 
Association  of  Machinists  has  fully  doubled  its  membership,  its  funds, 
and  financial  resources,  and  secured  for  the  machinists  higher  wages,  a 
shorter  workday,  and  belter  conditions.  It  would  seem  that  it  is  about  time 
for  the  members  of  the  National  Metal  Trades'  Association  to  change  their 
tactics,  pursue  a  policy  of  conciliation  and  come  to  a  working  agreement 
with  the  organized  men  of  the  tiade.    The  iabor  unions  are  here 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


483 


Official 


BREWERY  WORKERS'  CHARTER  REVOKED. 


IN  accordance  with  the  decisiou  of  the 
Minneapolis  Convention  of  the  Ameri- 
can Federation  of  Labor,  the  charter 
of  the  International  Union  of  United 
Brewery    Workers  was    revoked  June   1, 
1907.    The  following  is  the  official  letter 
making   the   announcement  of    that  fact: 
Office  of  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor. 
Washington,  D.  Q.,/une  i,  1907, 
Mr.  Adam  Heubner,  Mr.  Louis  Kemper, 
Mr.  Joseph  Proebstle.  Secretaries, 
International   Union  of  United  Brewery 
Workmen, 
Rooms  109-1  lOOdd  Fellows  Temple, 
Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
Dear  Sirs  and  Brothers: 

To  the  Convention  of  the  American  Fed- 
eration of  Labor,  held  in  November,  1906, 
at  Minneapolis,  a  committee  having  the 
subject-matter  of  the  long  standing  contro- 
versy existing  between  your  and  other  or- 
ganizations under  consideration,  reported 
as  follows: 

Your  committee  endeavored  to  have  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  above  organizations  trj  and  agree 
among  themselves  on  a  settlement  of  their  differ- 
ences. We  believe  that  the  best  interests  of  the 
rank  and  file  of  those  oiganizations  would  be  pro- 
tected and  promoted,  if  the  engineers,  firemen, 
and  brewerj  workers  could  mutually  agree  on  a 
reasonable  basis  of  a  settlement  of  their  differ- 
ences. The  representatives  of  these  organizations 
failing  to  reach  an  agreement,  your  committee 
recommends  the  following: 

1.  All  brewery  employes  now  members  of  the 
United  Brewery  Workmen's  Union  ma^  remain 
sach  provided  that  such  members  of  said  United 
Brewery  Workmen's  Union  as  are  now  employed 
as  engineers,  firemen,  or  teamsters  may  withdraw 
from  that  organization  and  join  their  respective 
anions,  representius;  these  crafts,  without  preju- 
dice  or  discrimination  on  the  part  of  their  former 
associates. 

2.  Hereafter  the  United  Brewery  Workmen's 
Union  shall  not  admit  to  membership  any  en- 
gineer, firemen,  or  teamster,  but  shall  refer  all 
applicants,  members  of  these  trades,  to  the  re- 
spective organizations  of  these  trades,  now  affili- 
ated with  the  American  Federation  of  Labor, 
where  such  organizations  exist. 

3.  All  engineers,  firemen,  and  teamsters  em- 
ployed in  breweries  shall  conform  to  the  laws, 
rules,  and  regulations  made  by  that  organization 


of  which  the  majority  of  the  members  of  the  re- 
spective crafts  employed  in  each  brewery  are 
members. 

4.  Whenever  a  majority  of  men  employed  as 
engineers,  firemen,  or  teamsters  in  any  brewery  are 
members  of  the  respective  unions  of  these  crafts, 
the  organization  or  organizations  representing  such 
majority  shall  appoint  a  committee  to  act  co- 
jointly  with  the  United  Brewery  Workmen's  Union 
in  any  negotiations  which  may  arise  with  the  em- 
ployers, provided  that  the  united  brewery  work- 
men shall  have  equal  representation  with  all  the 
other  organizations  in  joint  conference. 

5  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Executive  Council 
of  the  Federation  and  all  national,  international, 
state,  and  city  central  and  local  unions  affiliated 
with  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  to  exert 
every  influence  and  |)ower  at  their  command  to 
make  the  above  decision  operative  and  effective. 

6  Any  of  the  organizations  interested  in  this 
controversjr  violating  the  provisions  of  this  report, 
the  Executive  Council  is  instructed  to  immediately 
revoke  the  charter  or  charters  of  the  organization 
or  organizations  violating  this  decision. 

The  Minneapolis  convention,  the  highest 
court  in  the  labor  movement  of  our  country, 
after  a  thorough  and  comprehensive  dis- 
cussion of  the  entire  subject,  in  which  the 
delegates  from  your  organization  fully  par- 
ticipated, adopted  the  report,  recommenda- 
tion, and  resolution  by  an  overwhelming 
vote. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Executive  Council 
of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  held 
at  Washington,  D.  C,  March  18-23,  in- 
clusive, representatives  of  your  and  other 
organizations  in  interest,  were  fully  heard, 
and  after  mature  consideration,  the  Execu- 
tive Council  arrived  at  the  following  con- 
clusion : 

Whbrbas.  The  testimony  presented  to  the 
Executive  Council  of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  in  the  contention  over  jurisdiction  of  em- 
ployment in  breweries  shows  conclusively  that  the 
brewery  workers  haVe  violated  the  decision  of  the 
Minneapolis  American  Federation  of  Labor  Con- 
vention, but  that  said  violation  in  somtf  part  was 
performed  because  of  an  alleged  conception  of 
said  decision  by  the  brewery  workers  which 
neither  the  action  or  intention  of  Minneapolis 
convention,  or  the  language  of  said  decision  if 
fairly  interpreted  warrants;  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  giving  an  old  affiliated  body  the 
benefit  of  the  doubt  the  brewery  workers  be  in- 
formed it  is  the  decision  of  the  Executive  Council 


484 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


that  their  actions  violative  of  the  Minneapolis 
decision  ^onld  ordinarily  merit  immediate  enforce- 
ment of  the  penalty  in  section  6  of  said  decision, 
but  in  order  to  prevent  dismemberment  if  possible 
and  because  of  the  vestige  of  doubt  above  re- 
ferred to  the  brewery  workers  are  informed  that 
the  Minneapolis  decision  provides  that  in  all 
localities  where  there  are  locals  of  engineers,  Bre- 
men or  teamsters  the  brewery  workers  are  for- 
bidden to  accept  application  for  membership  from 
men  following  the  three  occupations  named  but 
shall  refer  same  to  the  respective  local  of  these 
trades  and  that  this  applies  to  new  as  well  as  to 
old  breweries. 

Resolved^  That  the  brewery  workers  through 
their  Executive  Board  be  called  upon  to  inform 
the  President  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
by  May  1st,  1907,  of  their  adherence  to  the  decision 
of  the  Minneapolis  convention  as  herewith  con- 
tained and  explained,  including  transference  of 
such  members  as  they  may  have  accepted  in  viola- 
tion of  same  since  adjournment  of  that  conven- 
tion, to  their  respective  organizations,  and  for 
failure  to  do  so,  said  brewery  workers  be  and  are 
h'.-.oy  informed  their  charter  stands  revoked  June 
«,  1907,  as  per  section  6  of  said  decision,  and  that 
said  brewery  workers  be  and  are  hereby  informed 
that  their  failure  to  so  comply  has  by  their  own 
action  worked  the  revocation  of  their  charter. 

On  May  1st,  neither  yourself  nor  the 
Executive  Board  of  your  organization  in- 
formed the  President  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  as  to  the  adherence  of 
your  organization  to  the  decision  of  the 
Minneapolis  convention.  In  lieu  thereof, 
you  sent  me  a  telegram,  stating  that  the 
members  of  your  organization  were  then 
taking  a  referendum  vote  thereon.     Up  to 


this  time  your  organization  has  not  in- 
formed the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
as  to  its  adherence  to  that  decision. 

Under  date  of  May  29th  you  advised  me 
that  by  the  referendum  vote  of  the  member- 
ship of  your  organization  the  conclusion 
was  reached  to  refuse  to  abide  by  the  de- 
cision of  the  Minneapolis  convention  of  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor,  the  highest 
court  in  the  labor  movement  of  our  country. 

Now,  therefore,  in  accordance  with  the 
decision  and  instruction  of  the  Minneapolis 
convention  of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor,  the  Executive  Council  directs  me 
to  say,  that  the  charter  held  by  the  Inter- 
national Union  of  United  Brewery  Work- 
men of  America  is,  and  stands  revoked  on 
this  date,  and  you  will,  therefore,  return 
said  charter  to  this  office  upon  receipt  of  this 
communication,  your  organization  being 
thereby  dis-associated  from  the  American 
trade  union  movement — the  American 
Federation  of  Labor. 

Fraternally  yours, 

Samuel  Gompers, 
President,  A,  F.  of  L, 


It  will  be  gratifying  to  all  labor  and  its  friends 
to  learn  that  the  great  plant  of  Hamilton  Car- 
hartt,  of  Detroit,  is  not  only  a  union  house,  usine 
the  union  label  on  its  product,  but  is  now  operated 
on  an  eight  hour  workday  basis. 


DISTRICT  AND  GENERAL  ORGANIZERS. 


Number  Commlssloubd  Organicers,  American  Federa- 
tion of  L«abor,  1,175. 

District  No.  I.— Eastern. 

Comprlsinff  the  stateeof  Maine.  Vermont,  New  Hamp- 
shire. MassarhasetU,  Rhode  Island,  Conneoticat,  and 
the  Province  of  New  Bmnuwlck,  Canada. 

OffSJiiserf.HtuartReld,  Thomas  F.  Tracy. 

District  No.  II.— Middle. 

OomprislDK  the  states  of  New  York.  New  Jersey,  Penn- 
ey Ivania,  Delaware,  Maryland,  the  District  of  Cola  mbla, 
and  the  Province  of  Qaebec,  Canada. 

Orgmnisen,  Herman  Robinson.  Hugh  Frayne,  Cal 
Wyatt,  W.  C.  Habn,  John  A.  Flett,  William  E.  Terry. 

District  No.  III.— Southern. 

Comprising  the  sUtes  of  Virginia,  North  Carolina, 
Sonth  Carolina,  Georgia.  Florida,  Kentucky,  Tennessee, 
Alabama,  MlxsisslppT,  and  Louisiana. 

OrgBDiier^  James  Leonard. 

District  No.  IV.— Central. 
Comprising  the  states  of  West  Virginia,  Ohio,  Indiana, 
Illinois,  Michigan,  and  Wisconsin. 


Organixers,  J.  J.  FitEpatrick,  J.  D.  Pierce.  Thomas  H. 
Flynn,  Emmet  T.  Flood,  Arthur  E.  Holder,  Jacob 
Taeelaar. 

District  No.  V.— Northwestern. 
Comprising    the  states  of  Minnesota,  Iowa,   Nortli 
Dakota,  South  Dakota,  Nebraska,  and  Manitoba. 

District  No.  VI.— Southwestern. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Missouri,  Kansas,   Tezaa, 
Indian  Territory,  Oklahoma,  and  Arkansas. 
Orgmnlxent  Henry  M.  Walker,  James  Leonard. 

District  No.  VII.— Inter-Mountain. 
Comprising  the  states  of  Montana,  Wyoming,  Colo> 
rado,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  Utah,  and  Idaho. 

District  No.  VIII.— Pacific  Coast. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Nevada,  Alaska,  Wmahlnc- 
ton,  Oregon,  California,  and  the  Province  of  Brltlah  Co- 
lumbia. 

Orgaoissrs.  C.  O.  Young,  M.  Qrant  Hamilton. 

Porto  Rico.— 8anUago  Igleslas. 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


485 


Talks  on  Labor. 


ADDRESS  BY  PRESIDENT  GOMPERS  BEFORE  THE 

NATIONAL  PUBLICITY  ORGANIZATION, 

NEW  YORK  CITY. 

AT  THE  first  meeting  of  the  National  Publicity 
Association  in  Washington  last  year,  I  took 
occasion  to  refer  to  the  disadvantages 
under  which  our  worknen  are  placed  by 
reason  of  the  immense  campaign  funds  that  are 
raised  and  used  time  and  time  again. 

I  think  that  the  conference  in  Washington  was 
within  a  day  of  the  general  elections  in  Great 
Britain,  which  returned  to  the  Parliament  of  that 
country  more  than  50  reprei?entatixes  of  the  wiige- 
eamers  of  that  country.  I  took  occasion  Ux-n  to 
refer  to  it  and  the  situation  which  pre^ented  itself 
to  the  American  people  and  the  American  work- 
ingmen. 

It  is  a  strange  fact  that  in  the  Congress  of  the 
United  States  there  have  been  and  are  few  men 
who  can  claim  to  be  rep^e^entatives  per  se  of  the 
wage  earners  of  the  United  States.  And  why? 
Surely  the  intelligence  of  the  American  workmen 
will  stand  comparison  with  that  of  any  other 
country.  They  do  not  lack  patriotism.  They  do 
not  lack  in  the  desire  for  the  promotion  and  pro- 
tection of  their  own  interests;  yet  there  is  a  dearth 
of  representative  workmen  in  the  Congress  of  the 
United  Sutes. 

I  grant  you  that  all  those  elected  to  Congress 
are  presumed  to  represent  the  people  as  an  entity, 
but  I  believe  also  that  the  workmen  have  particular 
interests  to  safeguard,  which  should  be  presented 
to  the  consideration  of  the  law-making  body  of 
our  country.  Other  interests  find  their  special 
representatives,  whether  it  be  of  law,  of  finance,  of 
manufacture,  or  of  commerce.  There  must  be 
some  tangible  reason  for  that  lack  of  representa- 
tion by  labor. 

The  fact  is,  that  party  alignments  are  such  that 
they  give  expression  in  their  platforms  to  some 
thoughts  of  a  general  character.  But — look  to  one 
or  the  other  of  them — they  all  lack  definiteness  of 
expression  to  which  they  are  committed  when  the 
interests  of  wage-workers  are  referred  to. 

For  years  Labor,  as  such,  has  vainly  appealed  to 
Congress  for  remedial  legislation  for  relief  of  bur- 
dens. Our  petitions  have  been  placed  in  a  con- 
venient depository  so  that  the  congressional  mind 
might  not  be  troubled  thereby.  We  have  appeared 
beK>re  committees  and  urged  the  claims  of  Labor, 
the  claims  which  Labor  makes  upon  modem 
society  for  relief  from  onerous  conditions.  We 
presented  to  Congress  resolutions  for  a  thorough 
mvestigation  of  that  abomination  of  our  economic 
life — ^the  labor  of  young  and  innocent  children — 
and  we  found  that  until  we  aroused  the  public  con- 
science of  our  people  to  the  heinousness  of  the 


crime,  that  Congress  was  playing  with  our  peti- 
tions, claiming  that  the  information  given  in  a 
statistical  table  by  the  Census  Bureau  was  all 
sufficient,  thai  a  sociviloKical  iuvealigation  of  the 
condition  of  the  labor  of  children  of  our  country 
was  unnecessary. 

Regarding  the  presentation  of  our  petitions  and 
arguments  to  Congress  setting  forth  Labor's  posi- 
tion in  regard  to  the  issuance  of  injunctions  in 
labor  disputes,  they  were  never  intended  to  serve 
as  a  method  to  prevent  crimes,  the  criminal  code 
of  our  country  and  of  our  states  is  all  sufficient 
to  deal  with  crime;  our  police  system  is  organized 
for  the  prevention  of  crime,  for  the  apprehension 
of  criminals;  our  courts  are  constituted  to  try,  ac- 
cording to  due  process  of  law,  those  who  are 
charged  with  crime  and,  if  found  guilty,  to  inflict 
the  proper  penalty. 

If  a  workmgman  in  a  dispute  with  his  employer 
commits  a  criminal  act,  the  criminal  law  will  deal 
with  him.  If  he  performs  an  act  which  is  lawful, 
the  injunction  should  not  interfere  with  him  in 
its  penormance.  If  it  is  a  criminal  act  the  injunc- 
tion should  not  be  issued,  but  the  laws  enacted  to 
punish  that  crime  should  apply  to  him  as  to  the 
business  man  or  manufacturer  or  any  citizen,  for 
they  are  all  supposed  to  be  equals  before  the  law. 

Our  efforts  in  the  presentation  of  labor's  needs 
as  I  have  here  only  nastily  tried  to  outline,  have 
received  the  scantest  consideration,  so  much  so  that 
a  comm  ttee  of  Congress  appointed  to  investigate 
one  of  the  abuses  of  which  we  complain — the  abuse 
in  the  issuance  of  injunctive  process,  that  splendid 
process  made  for  the  protection  of  natural  rights — 
the  committee  appointed  to  investigate  that  con- 
dition of  affairs  which  we  propose  to  remedy  by  a 
bill,  seriousl}^  in  its  report  undertook  to  quote  the 
judges  who  issued  the  injunctions  (who  abused 
the  writ),  in  support  of  their  own  contentions 
against  the  evils  that  we  sought  to  remedy  by  our 
proposed  law. 

The  committees  of  Congress  are  made  up  with  a 
particular  view,  if  not  to  secure  specific  special  leg- 
islation, at  any  rate  to  avoid  the  necessary  progres- 
sive legislation  demanded  by  the  people  of  our 
country.  I  am  not  blaming  any  particu  ar  man  or 
set  of  men.  It  is  not  necessary  in  turtherance  of  our 
publicity  bill  that  I  should  do  so.  I  critcise  the  con- 
dition of  affairs  which  permits  such  a  condition  to 
arise.  I  urge  that  we  do  all  we  possibly  can  to  se- 
cure some  tangible,  effective  law  that  shall  bring 
such  corrupt  methods  to  an  end  and  at  an  early  date. 

The  condition  of  affairs  last  year  to  which  I 
called  attention,  the  vain  appeals  for  congressional 
relief  that  we  made,  determined  the  men  of  labor 
to  enter  into  the  political  contest  of  1906  and  en- 
deavor to  administer  a  stinging  rebuke  to  some  of 
those  who  had  been  either  indifferent  or  ^%tiljt^t9> 
Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


486 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


the  reasonable  demands  made  bj  labor.  What 
did  we  find  ?  Wherever  labor  made  a  more  deter- 
mined effort  in  one  district  than  in  another,  in 
that  particular  district  did  the  corporations  pour 
in  a  tremendous  secret  campaign  fund  to  defeat 
the  very  purposes  in  which  we  were  engaged.  I 
shall  not  particularize,  because  that  is  unnecessary. 
While  we  did  not  defeat  many  hostile  legislators 
they  were  aware  of  our  being  in  the  campaign. 
We  did  secure  the  election  of  several  men  who  hold 
union  membership  in  the  organization  of  labor  and 
who  will  represent  Labor  in  the  United  States 
House  of  Representatives. 

And  when  I  say  union  labor  I  am  sure  that  this 
will  not  in  any  way  detract  from  such  representa- 
tives standing  as  Americans  devoted  to  the  best 
interests  of  our  country.  In  engaging  in  that 
campaign  we  solicited  from  our  fellow-workmen 
contributions  for  our  campaign  fund.  One  of  the 
first  things  we  did,  was  to  declare  that  no  man 
who  had  received  a  nomination,  or  whose  election 
we  advocated,  would  be  permitted  to  contribute 
one  solitary  cent  towards  the  campaign.  And 
after  the  campaign  was  over  we  published  a  re- 
port: **Financial  report  of  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor,  Political  Campaign  of  1SH)6,  being  a 
true  account  of  all  moneys  received  and  expended 
for  that  campaign.*'  We  printed  this  in  a  1 6-page 
pamphlet,  giving  account  of  every  dollar  received 
and  from  whom,  of  every  dollar  expended  and  for 
what  purpose.  I  think  that  we  are  the  pioneers 
in  publicity.  I  trust  the  good  example  may  be 
followed.  More  than  likely  we  who  have  issued 
this  financial  report  builded  wiser  than  we  knew, 
and  it  may  in  the  future  become  quite  a  historical 
document. 

The  largest  amount  from  any  one  contributor 
was  $500,  contributed  by  the  glass  bottle  blowers* 
association. 

The  largest  amount  from  any  individual  local 
union  was  $100. 

The  purpose  of  this  conference  is  to  carry  on 
this  work,  to  reach  the  public  conscience,  to  make 
the  people  feel  the  necessity  for  legislation  of  this 
character,  so  that  there  shall  be  a  greater  regard 
among  our  people  for  politics  of  the  right  sort.  It 
is  the  general  conception  today  that  politics  is  a 
dirty  game.  There  are  numbers  of  men  who  eschew 
politics  because  they  do  not  want  by  the  remotest 
stretch  of  the  imagination  to  have  their  names 
bandied  about  as  having  been  engaged  in  a  dirty 
game.    We  want  to  change  that. 

I  am  satisfied  that  a  measure  of  this  character 
that  will  find  its  expression  in  a  law  will  go  farther 
than  the  letter;  the  spirit  of  such  a  law  will  have 


a  far-reaching  consecjuence;  it  will  raise  the  morals 
of  our  political  life;  it  will  do  much  not  only  to 
eliminate  corruption  in  the  political  campaigns, 
but  to  purify  the  entire  atmosphere  of  the  legis- 
lative, judicial,  and  executive  branches  of  our 
country.  It  will  stimulate  a  healthy  activity  among 
the  men  of  labor,  the  common  people  of  our 
country,  who  will  give  some  of  the  best  that  is  in 
them  to  purify  and  better  our  political  life. 

We  believe  in  the  government  of  Washington 
and  Jefferson.  We  believe  in  the  country  that 
gave  us  Lincoln.  We  believe  in  the  country  that 
IS  producing  the  great  men  of 'today.  We  want  the 
best  men  of  today  to  be  in  the  foremost  positions 
of  our  public  life.  We  want  to  build  up  character, 
better  character,  day  after  day,  and  to  help  along 
each  citizen  in  the  performance  of  his  dnty  to  make 
this  country  of  ours  the  great  and  ideal  republic 
for  all  time  to  come. 


DANIEL  J.   KEEFE  BEFORE   DETROIT   PASTORS* 
ASSOCIATION. 

Daniel  J.  Keefe,  president  of  the  longshoremen's 
union  and  sixth  vice-president  of  the  A.  F.  of  L,, 
recently  addressed  a  meeting  of  the  pastors*  union 
of  Detroit.  He  spoke  in  behalf  of  organized  labor 
and  gave  a  vivid  exposition  of  the  aims,  methods, 
and  results  of  organization.  His  illustration  of  the 
results  accomplished  in  behalf  of  temperance, 
education,  ana  for  obtaining  comfortaole  and 
moral  surroundings  and  just  wages  were  frequently 
interrupted  with  bursts  of  applause. 

"We  labor  men,'*  he  declared,  "are  not  so  black 
as  some  would  like  to  paint  us.  I  think  that  the 
resolution  in  behalf  of  the  Saturday  working 
clerks  are  the  best  measures,  frotn  a  church  stand- 
point, you  have  ever  discussed.  There  is  no  mission 
of  greater  importance  to  the  institutions  you  stand 
sponsor  for  than  that  which  will  give  working 
people  Saturday  afternoon  free,  to  think,  for  rec- 
reation or  pleasure,  and  allow  them  to  go  to  chnrch 
Sunday  if  they  choose. 

** And  I  do  not  hesitate  to  say  that  if  the  church 
had  adopted  the  policy  of  today  20  years  ago  and 
preached  the  policy  of  love,  instead  of  talking 
hell  fire  until  it  lost  all  its  terrors  and  the  smell  of 
brimstone  had  a  wholesome  fiavor,  labor  and 
the  church  would  have  been  closer  together 
long  ago. 

**We  need  you.  We  want  your  advice  and  ap- 

groval  and  help;  but  we  want  it  to  come  from  the 
eart,  not  the  tongue.*' — Detroit  News. 


LET  US  HAVE  YOUR  OPINION  OF  OUR  JAMESTOWN  EXHIBIT. 


Those  who  go  to  the  Jamestown  Exposition 
should  be  sure  to  visit  the  social,  economic,  and 
union  labeled  product  exhibit  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  in  the  Social  Economic  Build- 
ing In  every  feature  this  exhibit  far  surpasses  any 
attempt  of  like  character  ever  made  by  anv  labor 
organization,  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
included.    The  exhibit  covers  more  than  4,000 


square  feet  and  every  inch  is  occupied  with  some 
display  or  exhibit  of  an  intensely  interesting 
character.  Visitors  are  requested  to  register  their 
names  in  a  book  provided  for  that  purpose  and  any 
suggestion  or  comment  which  may  be  helpfol. 
Any  expression  of  opinion  on  the  exhibit  wul  be 
welcome  if  sent  to  American  Federation  of  Lftbor 
headquarters  in  Washingtoi 


Digitized  by 


/\j00gie 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST  m; 


What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing. 


Prom  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific 

In  this  department  is  presented  a  comprehensive  review  of  industrial  conditions  throughout  the 
country. 

This  includes : 

A  statement  by  American  Pederation  of  Labor  general  and  local  organizers  of  labor  conditions  in 
their  vicinity. 

Increases  in  wages,  reduction  of  hours,  or  improved  conditions  gained  without  strikes. 

Work  done  for  union  labels. 

Unions  organized  during  the  last  month. 

City  ordinances  or  state  laws  passed  favorable  to  labor. 

Strikes  or  lockouts ;  causes,  results. 

A  report  of  this  sort  is  rather  a  formidable  task  when  it  is  remembered  that  nearly  1,000  of  the 
or|2:anizers  are  volunteers,  doing  the  organizing  work  and  writing  their  reports  after  the  day's  toil  is 
finished  in  factory,  mill,  or  mine. 

The  matter  herewith  presented  is  valuable  to  all  who  take  an  intelligent  interest  in  the  industrial 
development  of  the  country.  It  is  accurate,  varied,  and  comprehensive.  The  information  comes  from 
those  familiar  with  the  conditions  of  which  they  write. 

These  organizers  are  themselves  wage  workers.  They  participate  in  the  struegles  of  the  people  for 
better  conditions,  help  to  win  the  victories,  aid  in  securing  legislation — in  short,  do  the  thousand  and 
one  things  that  go  to  round  out  the  practical  labpr  movement. 

Through  an  exchange  of  views  in  this  department  the  wage  workers  in  various  sections  of  the 
country  ana  the  manifold  branches  of  trade  are  kept  in  close  touch  with  each  other. 

Taken  in  connection  with  the  reports  from  secretaries  of  international  *unions,  this  department 
tfivtB  a  luminous  vision  of  industrial  advancement  throughout  the  country. 


FROM  INTERNATIONAL  OFFICERS. 


BUI  Posters.  Cement  Vorkcn. 

u/iiij-^   r  M,.^^.,     Ti.-,-  i.  -«  — ,^,  i«^....o  Henry  W/w^r.— Member*  of   our    trade    have 

WMiamJ  Murray.-Thtn  is  an  ever  increas-  .     employment  throughout  the  country.    In 

mg  demand  for  union  bill  posters  and  b.l  ers  and  ^      7       P    ^             men  secured  their  demands 

our  organization  is  in  a  flourishing  condition.  ^j^^^^^  ^^^^^^  •  ^^^  ^    p    ^j  ^    organizers  in 

T>  -J          J  ca    -*      IT       XMF    t.  ^^c  various  localities  are  working  energetically  to 

Bridge  and  Strocttiral  Iron  Workers*  organize  new  locals  for  us  and  locate  cement  manu- 

y.  y.  AfcNatnara, — Trade  fair  and  owing  to  our  facturers.    Reenforced  concrete  building  is  on  the 

union  agitation  conditions  are  steadily  improving.  boom.     We  have  formed  new  unions  in  Washing- 

We  oppose  the  open  shop    policy   advocated  by  ton,  D.  C,  and  Ironton,  Ohio, 

the    National    Erectors'    Association.     We   have  Cigarmakers* 

some  strikes  because  of  the  open  shop.    A  new  ^     ^    Perkins.-At  this  writing  we    have  a 

union  was  orgam^d  in  Muncie,Ind    recently.  We  „„^berof  strikes  pending  for  increased  wages  and 

have  paid  out  Jl.SOO  for  death  benefits  during  the  ^^^^^  conditions.  ¥wostnkes  have  been  successful 

montn.  ^^^^  ^^^  ^^^  recently  compromised.    New  unions 

Car  Workers.  were  formed  in  Porto  Rico  and  New  York. 

G.  W,  Gibson, — Our  members  enjoy  fairly  satis-  Elevator  G>Dstnictofs. 

factory  conditions  and  steady  employment.     An  f^f^.  K^«w^.— Trade  conditions  fair  and  likely 

increase  of  7^  per  cent  in  wages  has  been  secured  to  improve.  No  recent  strikes  or  changes  in  wages, 

on   the  Boston   and  Maine  Railroad.     We  have  -o       a      -a      t 

strikes  on  at  AugusU,  Ga. ,  Atlantic  Coast  Line,  and  Foundry  Employci^ 

Albuquerque,   N.   M,     We  have  chartered    new  Geo.  Bechtold.—^^  are  extending  our  organiza- 


onions  in  Keene,  N.  H.;  Port  Wayne,  Ind.,  and      tion    and    membership  wherever  possible.    New 

;en  formed  in  Conner 

Digitized  by  VJ 005 


L«  Crosse,  Wis.  unions  have  recently  been  formed  jn  Cop^ttviUe, 


488 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Ind.,  and  Nelson ville,  Ohio.  Increased  wages  have 
been  obtained  in  St.  Louis  and  St.  Joseph,  Mo.; 
Burlington,  Iowa.  San  Francisco  union  secured 
increase  in  wages  with  eight  hour  day.  We  are 
steadily  increasing  our  membership. 

Fur  Workers. 

^,  V,  McCormack  — Trade  in  our  line  good. 
Slight  improvement  in  wages  noticed  in  some 
localities.  Our  principal  aim  at  this  time  is  to 
further  extend  our  organization. 

Glass  Workers. 

Wtn,  Fi^olah, — We  are  endeavoring  to  have  the 
per  capita  tax  increased  to  10  cents  a  month  in 
order  to  enable  us  to  put  another  organizer  in 
the  field.  The  proposition  is  now  before  our  mem- 
bers. We  are  steadily  increasing  our  membership. 
Employment  is  fairly  steady  for  our  members. 

Glove  Workers* 

Agms  Nestor. — Our  members  are  working  un- 
der union  agreements.  No  recent  changes  in  con-* 
ditlons  or  wages  to  report.  We  are  working  to 
organize  new  locals  in  Gloversville  and  other 
localities. 

Knife  Grinders. 

John  F.Gleason, — Trade  conditions  good.  Wages 
remain  about  the  same.  In  Ba^r  State,  Mass.,  our 
men  are  on  strike  in  one  shop  in  sympathy  with 
the  polishers.  We  expended  |50  in  death  benefit 
during  the  month. 

Lathers. 

Ralph  Brandi.—'Se&Tly  fill  of  our  unions  have 
secured  increased  wages  this  spring  amounting  to 
15  and  20  per  cent.  About  ninefy-eight  per  cent 
of  our  members  are  working  the  eight  hour  day. 
Trade  conditions  good  and  still  improving.  New 
unions  have  been  formed  in  Portland,  Me.;  Bell- 
ingham.  Wash.;  New  Castle,  Pa.;  Harrisburg,  111.; 
Gary,  Ind;  Chico  Cal.;  Springfield,  Ohio;  and 
South  Bend,  Ind. 

Lobster  Fishermen, 

/antes  B.  Webster. — Our  trade  in  good  shape 
and  employment  is  steady.  We  have  no  changes 
in  wages  to  report.  Our  membership  is  steadily 
increasing. 

Machine  Printers  and  Color  Mixers. 

Chas.  McCrory. — Trade  excellent.  All  mem- 
bers are  well  employed.  We  have  nothing  new 
to  report  as  regards  conditions  because  we  have 
made  agreements  for  two  years  through  a  confer- 
ence between  the  manufacturers  and  our  com- 
mittee. 

Meat  Cutters  and  Butcher  Workmen. 

Homer  D,  Call.—W^  are  pushing  the  work  of 
organization  in  the  western  centers.  Have  no 
strikes  or  other  troubles  to  report  at  this  writing. 
Conditions  are  good  and  improving.  In  some 
localities  our  members  have  secured  reduction  in 
hours  and  increased  wages.  New  unions  have 
been  organized  in  Illinois,  Montana,  Wisconsin, 
Colorado,  Ohio,  and  New  York. 


Paving  Cutters. 

William  Dodge.— TrAd^  fair  and  increasing. 
Our  members  at  Fall  River,  Mass.,  asked  for  a 
signed  agreement  with  an  increase  of  |5  a  thousand 
in  cutting  blocks.  After  a  strike  of  14  days  a 
settlement  was  made  with  three  of  the  firms  and 
thf  men  returned  to  work  with  an  increase  of 
|2.S0  per  thousand  and  a  verlial  agreement  for  one 
year.  A  new  union  has  been  formed  in  Sullivan, 
Me. 

Print  Cutters. 

Thos.  /.  G.  Eastwood. — All  members  of  our  trade 
working.  Trade  conditions  good.  We  expended 
|300  in  death  benefits  recently. 

Shingle  Weavers. 

/.  E.  Campbell, — Trade  improving.  Mills  started 
up  last  spring  after  being  closed  down  all  winter 
on  account  of  car  shortage.  We  are  rapidly  in- 
creasing our  membership,  and  our  prospects  are 
bright.  After  a  strike  of  two  weeks  for  increased 
wages  in  Ballard  and  Snohomish,  Wash.,  our  men 
were  successful.  A  new  uniofi  has  been  forxnrd  in 
Centralia,  Wash. 

Slate  and  Tile  Roofers. 

Wm.  M.  Clark. — The  past  few  months  have 
been  dull  in  our  industry.  However,  prospects 
are  fair  for  improvement.  In  Boston  and  Brock- 
ton, Mass.,  we  have  secured  increase  of  50  cents  a 
day  in  wages.  We  paid  |100  in  death  benefits 
during  the  month. 

Slate  Workers. 

Thomas  Palmer. — Trade  conditions  throughout 
Pennsylvania  district  fair  and  in'  many  instances 
increased  wages  have  been  secured.  We  expect 
to  thoroughly  organize  Virginia  and  Maine  and 
will  try  to  get  the  slate  soapstone  workers  of  Vir- 
ginia and  Vermont  in  line. 

Stationary  Rremen. 

C.  L.  Shamp, — We  are  steadily  increasing  our 
membership.  New  unions  have  been  organized  in 
the  following  cities:  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.;  Rumford 
Falls,  Me. ;  Adams,  Gardner,  North  Adams,  and 
Lynn,  Mass.;  Bellehampton,  Wash.;  Granite  City. 
111.;  Wilder,  Vt.,  and  Savannah,  Ga.  Because  of 
thorough  organization  we  find  it  much  easier  to 
secure  improved  conditions.  This  year  we  have 
had  less  trouble  than  ever  before.  So  far  744  men 
have  received  the  eight  hour  day  where  they  for- 
merly worked  12  hours  a  day.  We  have  strike  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  for  the  shorter  workday. 

Tile  Layers. 

James  P.  Reynolds, — We  have  won  strikes  in 
Cincinnati  and  Toronto  for  increased  wages  and 
union  shop  after  a  few  days'  cessation  of  work. 
Trade  fair  and  conditions  steadily  improving  owing 
to  the  agitation  of  our  members.  A  new  union 
was  formed  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Watch  Case  Engravers. 

Geo.  Weidman, — Trade  coudititions  are  improv- 
ing. We  are  actively  working  to  organize  onr 
craft  thoroughly.  In  some  cases  it  is  difficult  to 
get  the  men  in  line  for  fear  of  discharge. 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


489 


FROM  DISTRICT  AND  LOCAL  ORGANIZERS. 


ALABAMA. 

Birmingham.—}.  H.  I>ath: 

All  crafts  are  steadily  employed,  particularly  the 
build iag  trades.  Electrical  workers  after  a  strike 
of  a  few  days  won  substantial  increase  in  wages. 
Plumbers  secured  |5  a  day  for  eight  hours  with 
half-holi-day  on  Saturday  without  strike.  Con- 
dition of  organized  labor  is  steadily  improving. 
State  ftrderatiou  convention  which  was  held  in 
Montgomery  was  a  great  success.  The  printers  in 
this  city  are  urging  the  union  label  stickers. 
Painters  are  about  to  organize. 

ARKANSAS. 

Hot  Springs.—?,  I.  Hensley: 

About  ninety-five  per  cent  of  all  skilled  labor  in 
this  city  is  organized.  Organized  labor  in  pretty 
good  shape  and  making  steady  progress.  Employ- 
ment was  not  very  plentiful,  but  is  now  picking  up. 

LiitU  Rock^—h.  H.  Moore: 

Industrial  conditions  are  pretty  good.  Union 
meetings  are  well  attended.  The  farmer's  union 
is  interested  in  our  work.  Some  county  federa- 
tions being  formed  are  composed  of  trade  and 
farmers*  unions.  Employment  is  steady.  There 
has  been  some  improvement  in  wages  and  hours  of 
the  railway  employes,  part  being  secured  without 
strike  and  some  through  strike.  Coppersmiths  in 
the  railroad  shops  had  a  strike  for  increased  waged. 
Bakers  are  trying  to  secure  improved  conditions 
And  three  shops  have  signed  contracts  with  em- 
ployes. Goon  work  is  done  for  the  union  labels. 
We  are  making  a  list  of  addresses  of  manufacturers 
and  dealers  in  union-made  goods.  The  last  session 
of  state  legislature  which  was  the  longest  on  record 
was  attended  by  committees  from  the  State  Federa- 
tion of  Labor,  Farmers'  State  Union,  commercial 
telegraphers'  union,  and  the  railroad  brotherhoods. 
The  following  labor  measures  became  laws:  Child 
labor  law,  amendments  to  mining  law,  school  text 
law,  fellow-servants  law,  a  law  changing  date  of 
state  elections  so  as  not  to  conflict  with  Labor  Day, 
full  crew  law,  which  requires  three  brakemen  to 
freight  trains,  head  light  law,  two  cent  flat  rate  rail- 
road fare  law,  scrip  law,  eight  consecutive  hours  to 
constitute  a  full  day  for  railroad  operators,  dis- 
patchers, and  others,  semi-monthly  pay-day  for 
corporations,  anti-future  gambling,  and  good  roads 
law.  One  bill  which  was  extremely  detrimental  to 
trade  organizations  was  killed ;  this  law  though  in- 
nocent enough  in  appearance,  would  have  become 
a  weapon  in  the  hands  of  the  trusts.  Another  bill 
defeated  by  these  committees  would  have  taken 
thousands  of  dollars  a  year  from  the  coal  miners 
of  Arkansas  had  it  been  permitted  to  pass.  The 
legislative  committee  of  the  farmers'  unions  is  a 
great  help  as  it  represents  80,000  members  in  this 
sUte. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Pasadena.— Of.  C.  Keyes: 

Condition  of  labor  in  general,  fair.  Work  is 
steady  in  most  lines  of  industry.  Building  trades, 
.particularly  the  carpenters,  have  been  successful  in 
resisting  attempts  to  reduce  wages.  Trade  organi- 
zations have  the  best  of  it  as  regards  conditions  in 


this  city.  Label  league  and  typographical  union 
are  active  in  the  work  for  the  union  labels.  Retail 
clerks,  laundry  workers,  and  federal  union  are 
about  ready  to  organize. 

San  Jose. — F.  J.  Hepp : 

Organized  trades  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  Machinists  have  been  work- 
ing the  eight  hour  day  since  April  first.  Specialty 
builders'  union  also  secured  ei^ht  hours.  Painters 
get  Saturday  half-holiday.  Union  men  get  from  40 
to  75  per  cent  higher  wages  than  thenonunionists. 
By  the  first  of  JuTy  there  will  be  only  seven  men 
out  of  38  working  more  than  the  eight  hour  day. 
Theatrical  stage  employes  have  organized  recently. 

Vallejo.—Jy.  H.  Leavitt: 

Organized  labor  has  the  situation  well  in  hand 
here.  Carpenters  secured  increase  of  50  cents  a  day 
without  strike.  Organized  labor  as  usual  bears  the 
brunt  of  the  struggle  for  higher  wages,  receiving 
no  assistance  from  others  who  shonld  be  equally 
interested.  Employment  is  steady.  There  is  con- 
siderable activity  at  this  time  in  all  lines  of  union 
effort.  We  have  committees  working  for  the  union 
labels.  Musicians  have  organized  with  good  mem- 
bership. 

CONNECTICUT. 

Hartford.-'T.i.  Sullivan: 

Unorganized  labor  finds  but  little  consideration 
from  employers  in  this  city.  Nearly  all  trades  are 
well  organized  and,  owing  to  Xh.\s  fact,  secure 
every  consideration  and  all  demands  have  been 
granted.  Building  crafts  have  secured  increase  in 
wages  and  Saturday  half-holiday  without  strike. 
There  seems  to  be  a  mutual  desire  between  the 
employers  and  employes  to  establish  better  condi- 
tions. The  governor  of  the  state  has  placed  the 
president  of  the  state  federation,  as  a  member  of 
the  committee  on  employers  liability  act.  An 
eight  hour  law  for  city  and  state  employes  was  re- 
cently passed.  Electrical  workers  are  likely  to 
organize.  We  are  working  to  get  the  remaining 
unorganized  workers  in  line. 

GEORGIA. 

Augusta.— B.  F.  Mclntyre: 

Organized  trades  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  Several  new  unions  are  under 
way.  State  labor  convention  was  held  in  Savannah. 
Good  work  is  done  by  union  men  for  the  union 
labels. 

Macon. — N.  D.  May: 

Never  in  the  history  of  the  labor  movement  in 
this  city  have  the  industrial  conditions  been  bet- 
ter. Employment  is  steady.  Garment  workers 
and  retail  clerks  have  organized.  Union  label 
goods  is  being  pushed. 

Savannah. — W.  S.  Harris: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  gains.  Build- 
ing trades  secured  eight  to  nine  hour  day  without 
strike.  The  hours  for  organized  workers  are  much 
shorter  than  for  the  unorganized  and  the  wages  are 
about  25  per  cent  higher.  Six  new  unions  have  been 
organized  recently;  stationary  firemen,  copper- 
smiths, patternmakers,  metal  workers,  sawmill 
men  and  wood  turners.  Garment  workers  are 
organizing. 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


490 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


IDAHO. 

Boise. —I.  W.  Wright: 

Organized  labor  steadily  improving  its  con- 
ditions. Delegates  reporting  to  central  labor 
union  show  a  good  increase  in  membership  for 
various  unions.  Employment  is  steady  in  most 
lines  of  work,  especially  with  the  carpenters  and 
painters. 

ILLINOIS. 

Alton,— O.  V.  Lowe: 

Organized  labor  in  this  vicinity  is  securing  the 
union  scale  of  wages  and  hours.  Employment  is 
steady.  -  We  expect  to  secure  increased  wages  in 
some  trades  without  trouble.  We  hope  to  promote 
a  more  consistent  demand  for  the  union  labels. 

Benton,— C  E.  McCollom: 

Organized  labor  moving  along  nicely.  Employ- 
ment is  steady.  We  have  the  eight  hour  day.  Bar- 
tenders have  organized.  We  are  pushing  the  union 
labels.  After  a  two  weeks'  strike  the  federal  union 
here  gained  increase  of  30  cents  a  day. 

Blootnington. — A.  L.  Van  Ness  and  W.  S.  Caven: 
Organized  labor  holding  its  own  and  through 
trade  union  effort  conditions  are  steadily  improv- 
ing. We  have  had  no  change  in  wages  this  year. 
Employment  is  plentiful.  We  impress  upon  our 
members  the  importance  of  the  demand  for  the 
union  labels.  Have  one  new  union  under  way. 

Carlinville, — Rudolph  Bohrman: 

Conditions  here  are  fairly  satisfactory.  Wages 
remain  about  the  same  as  last  summer.  No  strikes 
to  report.  There  is  very  little  unorganized  labor 
to  speak  of  in  this  city. 

Carrier  Mills,— V,,  T.  Davis: 

Labor  conditions  were  never  better  than  at  this 
time.  Employment  is  steady.  Organized  labor 
is  preferred  by  employers.  Hodcarricrs  have  or- 
ganized. Clerks  are  about  to  organize.  No  recent 
changes  in  wages. 

Carterville.—J&mes  Kelly: 

The  mine  workers  are  pretty  well  organized  in 
this  locality,  other  industries  not  so  well,  and  their 
conditions  as  a  consequence  are  not  what  could  be 
desired.  Employment  is  steady.  Union  men  are 
doing  good  work  for  the  union  labels. 

Chamf^ign.—WalieT  E.  Price: 

Work  is  steady.  Painters  have  secured  an  in- 
crease of  two  and  a  half  cents  per  hour  by  strike, 
and  the  building  laborers  five  cents  increase  with- 
out strike.  There  is  a  good  demand  for  the  union 
labels. 

Freeport.—Or\a  Perry: 

Industrial  conditions  fair  and  employment  steady 
for  organized  trades  in  this  city.  Wages  have  in- 
creased this  season,  but  hours  remain  about  the 
same.  We  have  very  nearly  every  trade  in  this 
city  organized.  Blacksmiths  have  organized  and 
we  have  two  other  new  unions  under  way. 

Gleft  Carbon. — James  Conway: 

Organized  labor  making  fair  progress.  A  mass 
labor  meeting  was  held  here  recently  and  was  at- 
tended by  about  five  thousand  people.  Machin- 
ists of  Edwardsville  are  on  strike  for  increased 
wages.  We  have  elected  a  union  man  mayor  and 
also  have  a  city  council  composed  of  union  men. 
Bakers  are  organizing.  We  do  good  work  for  the 
union  labels. 


Jacksonville. — S.  W.  Foreman: 

Employment  is  steady  and  nearly  all  union  men 
find  work.  The  eight  hour  day  is  universal  among 
organized  trades.  Conditions  for  organized  trades 
far  superior  to  the  unorganized^  Clerks  are  about 
to  form  a  union.  We  patronize  the  niiioa  labels 
at  all  times. 

Joliet.—K.  C.  Martin: 

Blacksmiths  and  helpers  of  this  city  have  organ- 
ized; also  teamsters  of  Wilmington.  Have  car- 
penters, painters,  and  pa[>ermill  workers  of  Wil- 
mington ready  to  organize.  Street-railway  em- 
gloyes  secured  increase  of  two  and  four  cents  an 
our  without  strike.  A  10-year  agreement  has 
been  signed  with  the  company,  but  can  be  opened 
each  year  on  the  first  of  July.  Organized  labor, 
generally,  in  very  good  shape.  Employment  is 
steady  in  all  lines. 

Lewision. — A.  J.  Stutes: 

Most  skilled  industries,  such  as  carpenters, 
bricklayers,  cigarmakers,  and  printers  are  fairly 
well  organized,  and  we  feel  hopeful  of  the  others 
coming  in  line.  Carpenters  have  secured  the  eight 
hour  day  at  30  cents  an  hour;  bricklayers  eight 
hour  day  at  40  cents  an  hour.  The  union  labels 
are  advertised  and  patronized  by  all  union  men. 
Employment  fairly  good,  but  the  building  season 
will  be  short. 

Mattoon.—k.  E.  Monteith: 

Gradually  all  organized  trades  are  securing  im- 
proved conditions  and  higher  wages.  The  organ- 
ized trades  are  better  off  m  every  respect  than  the 
unorganized.  We  are  continually  promoting  the 
union  labels.     Employment  steady. 

Mendota  —J.  B.  Phelps: 

Nearly  all  trades  have  secured  an  advance  of  25 
per  cent  over  last  year's  scale.  Prospects  are 
bright  for  a  good  season.  Teamsters,  barbers  and 
a  central  labor  union  are  about  to  organize. 

Monmouth.— V,.  K.  Brasel: 

Employment  is  plentiful.  Carpenters,  painters, 
barbers  and  cigarmakers  are  organized  and  in  good 
shape.  Carpenters  and  painters  secured  increased 
wages.  No  strikes  to  report.  It  would  be  well 
worth  the  trouble  for  international  unions  to  give 
more  active  work  toward  the  organization  of  unions 
in  smaller  towns  for  there  is  good  material  in  these 
places.  Hod  carriers,  bartenders  and  teamsters 
are  about  to  organize. 

Ottawa. — G.  J.  Martin: 

Organized  labor  steadily  employed,  and  enjoy- 
ing good  conditions.  Unorganized  labor  can  be 
had  at  any  price.  There  has  been  no  material 
change  in  conditions  here  this  season.  The 
patronage  of  union  labels  is  one  of  our  greatest 
aids.  We  are  holding  public  meetings  and 
advertising  the  union  labels.  Sheet  metal  work- 
ers organized  recently.  Expect  to  get  the  clerks 
and  bakers  under  way  shortly. 

/^n'i. —Edward  Lowe: 

The  condition  of  unorganized  labor  in  this  city 
is  very  bad.  Working  10  hour  day  for  %\ .  $0  to  $1. 75 
a  day.  Wages  are  higher  and  the  workday  shorter 
for  organized  trades.  The  unorganized  begin  to 
notice  this  and  take  an  interest  in  unionism. 
Barbers  and  bartenders  are  about  to  organiie. 

/bntiac. — ^Joe  Murphy: 

Practically  everybody  is  workins^  full  time.  Or- 
ganized labor  in  g:ood  shape.  iVery^qMruiimfttiiiMd 
igi  ize     y  g 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


491 


men  in  this  city,  and  they  work  longer  hours  for 
less  wages  than  the  organized.  Some  advances 
have  been  secured  by  the  unions  this  spring.  No 
strikes  to  report.  All  union  labels  find  good 
patronage. 

Sparta.S.  W.  Skelljr: 

Organized  labor  making  good  progress.  There 
are  but  few  unorganized  workers  here.  Employ- 
ment is  steady.  No  recent  changes  in  wages  or 
hours.  There  is  a  good  demand  for  the  union 
labels. 

Springfield,—^.  E.  Woodmansee: 

Organized  labor  is  in  splendid  condition  here 
and  employment  is  steady.  Since  last  report  the 
bakers'  union  went  on  strike  for  an  increase  in 
wages  and  the  elimination  of  Sunday  work.  The 
strike  lasted  two  days  and  the  union  came  out 
victorious.  Ice  wagon. drivers*  made  a  demand  for 
an  increase  of  $1  a  week,  and  compromised  on  50 
cents.  Stereotypers'  union  has  made  a  demand  for 
an  increase  in  wages,  but  the  matter  is  not  settled 
as  yet.  All  union  labels  are  being  pushed.  The 
Springfield  Federation  of  Labor  has  organized  a 
union  label  league  here  and  the  agitation  for  the 
union  label  was  never  greater  than  at  the  present 
time.  Two  new  organizations  have  been  formed 
since  last  report,  the  stenographers',  typewriters', 
bookkeepers',  and  assistant  t>ookkeepers*  union  and 
the  garment  workers*.  A  movement  is  on  foot  to 
organize  the  bookbinders,  also  the  elevator  con- 
ductors and  starters.  May  first  started  out  with  all 
crafts  working  except  the  bakers,  who,  as  stated, 
were  out  only  two  days.  Barbers'  union  succeeded 
in  getting  all  the  barber  shops  closed  on  Sunday. 
The  order  took  effect  April  28th.  The  agreement 
is  being  lived  up  to  by  all  the  union  shops  and 
several  of  the  nonunion  shops.  This  makes  two 
organizations  which  have  eliminated  Sunday  work 
since  last  report. 

Sterling,— B.,  A.  Brown: 

All  organized  trades  working  full  time.  The 
unorganized  in  some  instances  share  the  benefits 
of  higher  waees  and  shorter  hours  obtained  by 
organized  trades.  Printers  and  cigarmakers  are 
particularly  active  pushing  the  union  labels.  Rail- 
way clerks  have  organized. 

Tafnaroa.^-W ,  H.Johnston: 

Union  men  have  the  preference  by  employers 
over  the  unorganized  trades  in  this  city.  Have 
five  new  unions  under  way  which  I  hope  to  report 
organized  next  month.  Employment  fairly  steady. 

INDIANA. 

Hammond, — Nic  Ivauer: 

Work  has  been  plentiful  and  most  trades  steadily 
employed.  Plumbers  have  increased  wages  50 
cents  per  day  after  one  week's  strike.  Condition 
of  organized  labor  steadily  improving.  Theatrical 
stage  employes  have  organized. 

Logansporl, — Dora  Smith  and  O.  P.  Smith: 
Organized  labor  making  steady  gains  in  mem- 
bership and  influence.  Several  trades  report  an 
increase  in  membership  during  the  month.  The 
nonnnionists  are  beginning  to  see  that  they  have 
been  standing  in  their  own  light  and  many  of 
them  are  joining  the  union  of  their  craft.  Em- 
ployment is  steady.  Extensive  preparations  are 
being  made  for  the  celebration  of  I^bor  Day  this 


year;  six  cities  will  unite  in  monster  celebration. 
Painters  and  federal  union  are  about  to  organize. 
All  union  labels  are  well  patronized. 

Madison. — Henry  H.  Humphrey: 

This  city  has  but  recently  had  the  advantage  of 
organization,  but  already  there  is  noticeable  im- 
provements in  the  trades  that  are  organized.  Car- 
penters gained  five  cents  an  hour  and  one  hour  less 
per  day.  Unskilled  laborers  have  secured  two  and 
one- half  cents  an  hour  increase.  This  was  secured 
without  strike.  The  unorganized  workers  receive 
very  low  wages  and  work  10  hours  and  longer. 
Painters  have  organized.  Barbers,  hodcarriers, 
and  brewery  workers  are  forming  unions.  All  union 
men  demand  the  union  labels. 

TJfarkWf.— Frank  Barr: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  steadily  improv- 
ine.  Employment  is  steady.*  We  have  organized 
ladies'  auxiliary  to  the  typographical  union.  We 
are  getting  up  a  union  label  bulletin  and  the  trades 
council  is  urging  local  unions  to  make  a  special 
effort  to  have  their  members  patronize  union  labels. 

Mt,  yemon,— lames  K.  Kreutzinger: 

Organized  trades  secure  good  conditions,  owing 
to  their  own  efforts.  Carpenters  increased  wages 
five  cents  an  hour.  Union  labels  are  well  patron- 
ized. Emplovment  was  rather  slack  during  the 
early  spring,  but  is  now  more  plentiful. 

Tipton.— K.  I.  Wisner: 

Work  is  plentiful  and  steady.  There  is  a  good 
demand  for  day  laborers.  Conditions  of  organized 
labor  steadily  improving.  It  will  not  be  long  before 
every  trade  will  be  organized.  Brickmasons  have 
organized  and  are  in  good  shape.  Painters,  team- 
sters, and  day  laborers  are  about  to  form  unions. 

IVadash.—Chas,  Euphrat: 

Organized  labor  has  taken  on  new  life  in  this 
city.  Carpenters,  bricklayers,  stonemasons,  mold- 
ers,  machinists,  have  increased  wages  and  enjoy 
steady  employment.  Machinists  and  molders 
have  secured  the  nine  hour  day.  Printers  are 
still  fighting  an  unfair  newspaper,  but  will  win. 
Have  organized  a  new  union  ana  will  get  another 
in  line  shortly.  We  are  working  to  boost  the 
union  labels. 

INDIAN  TERRITORY. 

So,  McA/ester.—D,  S.  O'Learjr: 

We  are  expecting  some  activity  in  the  building 
trades  line,  as  seven  new  school  buildings  are 
being  erected.  Condition  of  organized  labor  fair; 
much  better  than  the  unorganized.  Have  a 
federal  union  under  way.  There  is  a  fair  demand 
for  the  union  labels. 

Tulsa.— G,  E.  Warren: 

Organized  labor  in  thriving  condition  and  mak- 
ing steady  progress  The  unorganized  however 
are  in  poor  shape  and  their  wages  are  entirely  too 
low  in  proportion  to  living  expenses.  Employ- 
ment is  steady  for  organized  crafts.  Carpenters 
secured  increase  from  37>^  to  45  cents  an  hour, 
building  laborers  five  cents  an  hour,  and  lathers 
also  gained  increased  wages.  About  eighty  per  cent 
of  the  skilled  mechanics  here  are  organized,  but  the 
unskilled  laborers  are  not  so  well  organized. 
Railway  clerks  and  freight  house  employes  are 
demanding  Saturday  half-holiday.  All  union 
men  demand  the  union  labels.  Trades  council  is 
being  formed.  A  union  of  garment  workers  s 
organizing.  t 

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492 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


IOWA. 

Davtnport.—Jas.  N.  Coleman: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  Molders  are  on  strike  against 
individual  contract  and  their  prospects  are  ^ood. 
Painters  obtained  increased  wages,  street  railway 
coach  builders  and  shopmen  received  higher 
wages  and  shorter  workday.  Teamsters  have 
obtained  contracts  with  all  express  companies  but 
one.  Woman's  label  league  is  doing  good  work 
for  the  union  labels.  Mill  workers  and  bakers 
have  organized.  Hodcarriers,  and  trainmen  are 
about  to  organize. 

Dubuque. — Simon  Miller: 

Industrial  conditions  improving  in  this  vicinity. 
Employment  plentiful  in  all  trades.  Wood  workers 
are  on  strike  for  nine  hour  day,  25  cents  an  hour, 
and  union  shop.  Patternmakers  have  formed 
union.  Stationary  firemen  are  about  to  organize. 
Woman's  label  league  is  doing  good  work  for  the 
union  labels. 

Keokuk.—].  C.  Karle: 

Engineers,  firemen,  wood  workers  and  cereal 
workers  are  about  to  organize.  Our  mayor-elect  is 
a  union  printer,  and  we  also  have  other  city  officials 
favorable  to  organized  labor.  Work  is  plentiful, 
and  most  men  are  steadily  employed. 

Marshalltown.—TTAn)L  A.  Burnett: 

Organized  labor  making  good  in  this  city.  Em- 
ployment is  fairly  steady.  Plumbers  organized, 
and  after  one  day*s  strike  secured  nine  hour  day 
at  13.50  minimum  wage.  Carriage  workers  of  Grin- 
nell  are  about  to  organize. 

OttufHwa.—Yi.  E.  Roe: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress.  Labor 
conditions  are  better  than  ever  before.  The  unor- 
ganized are  much. concerned  over  their  conditions, 
and  realizing  the  benefits  of  organization  are  mak- 
ing efforts  to  better  their  conditions.  All  trades  are 
steadily  employed.  Union  men  have  an  advance 
of  wages  from  25  to  40  per  cent  over  the  unorgan- 
ized workers.  We  are  considering  the  advisability 
of  having  a  general  business  agent  in  this  city.  In- 
terior freight  handlers  are  organizing.  Meat  cut- 
ters and  butcher  workmen  are  about  to  organize. 
We  have  two  good  committees  working  for  the 
union  labels. 

KANSAS. 

/IfMson.—B.  A.  Webb: 

Organized  trades  have  steady  employment.  No 
strikes  or  other  trouble  to  report.  Conditions  are 
improving  for  organized  workers.  Leather  workers 
on  horse  goods  settled  their  trouble  satisfactorily 
without  strike.  We  have  a  committee  working 
for  the  uuion  labels. 

Coffeyville.—Thos.  P.  Men  ton: 

Organized  labor  in  this  city  secures  excellent 
conditions,  but  the  unorganized  are  not  so  well  off. 
Unorganized  brickmakers,  for  instance,  are  work- 
ing 10  hours  a  day  at  f  1.60.  Woman's  label  league 
has  been  formed  recently  and  our  label  committee 
is  doing  good  work  for  the  union  labels.  City 
laborers  obtained  increase  from  $1.75  to  |2  a  day 
without  strike. 

Topeka.—S,  J.  Crume: 

Building  laborers  have  organized  a  strong  local 
recently  and  are  earnestly  working  for  improved 
conditions.  Every  man  who  wishes  to  be  employed 


is  busy.  We  have  had  no  recent  advances  in  wages. 
but  conditions  are  satisfactory.  Hodcarriers  have 
organized.  General  organizer  Walker  is  here  with 
view  to  organizing  a'  state  federation  of  labor.  All 
union  men  patronize  the  union  lat>els. 

KENTUCKY. 

Covington.— V.  A.  Averbeck: 

Cigarmakers  after  being  on  strike  three  days 
obtained  increase  of  $\  a  thousand.  Carpenters, 
without  strike,  secured  the  signing  of  their  scale 
of  45  cents  an  hour,  giving  them  an  increase  of  five 
cents  an  hour.  Engineers  gained  eight  hour  day 
and  10  per  cent  increase  in  wages.  We  have  very 
little  unorganized  labor  in  this  vicinity,  but  such 
workers  get  at  least  25  per  cent  lower  wages  than 
the  union  men.  A  working  agreement  between  the 
trades  assembly  and  the  Society  of  Equity  (farmers' 
union)  has  been  perfected.  The  union  labels  are 
generally  patronized. 

Louisville. — Charles  Peetz: 

Industrial  conditions  were  never  better  here.  All 
workers  are  anxious  to  organize.  All  unions  have 
secured  improved  wages  and  conditions  without 
strike,  with  exception  of  cigarmakers,  who  are 
now  O'l  strike.  Organized  labor  is  on  the  boom. 
Employment  is  steady.  Laundry  workers  and  tile 
layers  have  organized  and  cotton  and  woolen  mill 
hands  and  dye  work  laborers  are  about  to  organize. 

Owensboro. — B.  F.  Herron: 

Carpenters,  coopers,  bricklayers,  barbers,  bar- 
tenders, and  printers  have  the  union  shop  and 
eight  hour  day.  Other  trades  not  yet  organized 
work  10  hours  under  the  open  shop  and  conditions 
poor.  Factories  have  steady  work  Carpenters 
recently  reduced  their  workday  one  hour.  A  fed- 
eral labor  union  was  recently  Organized.  Team- 
sters, millers,  blacksmiths,  lathers,  horseshoers, 
and  stationary  firemen  are  about  to  organize. 

Providence.— '^i.  H.  Nasbitt: 

The  unorganized  workers  here  are  in  bad  shape 
and  It  can  only  be  a  question  of  time  when  they 
will  realize  the  benefits  of  organization  and  come 
into  line.  Organized  labor  in  good  shape.  Car- 
penters organized  during  the  month.  Everything 
possible  is  done  to  push  the  union  labels  to  the 
front. 

MAINE. 

Portland.— iohn  C.  Clarke: 

Work  is  plentiful,  especially  in  the  building 
trades.  The  unions  are  taking  in  new  members  at 
every  meeting.  Painters  gained  a  raise  of  25  cents 
a  day  and  recognition  of  union  as  result  of  two 
days*  strike.  Stove  molders  gained  five  cents  a 
day  increase  without  strike.  Union  men  secure 
shorter  hours  and  higher  wages  than  the  unorgan- 
ized. Lathers  have  organized.  Stationary  fire- 
men and  ladies*  garment  workers  are  about  to 
organize.  A  label  committee  is  doing  effective 
work  for  the  union  labels. 

tVaterville.—J.  F.  Partridge: 

Organized  labor  in  this  city  in  good  shape,  and 
we  hope  through  constant  agitation  tp  make  this  a 
solid  union  town.  Work  is  plentiful.  Plumbers  are 
likely  to  organize  soon. 

MARYLAND. 
Cumberland. — Oswald  Weber: 
Employment  is  steady,  and  all  trades  find  plenty 
of  work.  Organized  labor  in  fair  shape.  The  eight 


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WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


493 


hoar  bill  was  passed  by  the  city  council,  but  was 
vetoed  by  the  mayor.  Have  two  new  unions  under 
way. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Chicopee. — J.  F.  Murphy: 

Outlook  is  very  promising  for  organized  trades 
in  this  section.  Painters  have  organized  recently. 
Central  trades  council  is  doing  very  good  work 
and  we  expect  to  have  a  successful  demonstration 
on  Labor  Day.  Employment  is  plentiful,  there  not 
being  enough  men  to  supply  the  demand.  Many 
improvements  in  wages  have  been  secured  with- 
out strike.  The  Polish  speaking  people  have  or- 
ganized a  union.  Good  work  is  done  for  the  union 
labels. 

Newburypart,—T.  P.  B.  Houghton: 

Business  is  good  and  employment  steady.  Car- 
penters of  Amesbury  are  working  eight  hour  day. 
This  was  secured  without  strike  May  first.  Car- 
penters, painters,  masons,  and  musicians  are  or- 
ganized. Federal  union  about  to  organize. 

MICHIGAN. 

j4l6ian.^ames  Douglas: 

Organized  laborers  secure  good  conditions  and 
steady  employment.  No  improvements  in  condi- 
tions since  last  report.  We  do  all  we  can  to  push 
the  union  labels  to  the  front. 

j4nn  Arbor. ^as.  V.  Quirk: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  better  than  ever 
beforf.  Tailors,  maintenance-of-way  employes, 
and  piano  workers  were  organized  during  the  past 
year.  Laborers  organized  and  as  result  secured  25 
cents  a  day  increase.  Printers  secured  eight  hour 
ilay  after  slight  trouble.  Organized  labor  took 
active  interest  in  the  mayoralty  election  and  de- 
feated chairman  of  the  common  council  for  hos- 
tility to  labor,  this  being  the  only  point  they 
sought. 

Deiroil,— John  J.  Scannell  and  Frank  A.  John- 
son. 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress  and  se- 
curing favorable  conditions.  Officers  of  the  Mich- 
igan Federation  of  Labor  have  established  a  press 
bureau  for  the  distribution  of  labor  news  of  official 
character  among  the  different  publishing  houses 
in  the  state.  Sixteen  new  organizations  have  affili- 
ated with  the  state  federation  of  labor  since  Febru- 
ary fir-it.  Employment  is  fairly  steady.  The  ei^ht 
hour  day  has  been  established  in  all  union  printing 
offices  Commercial  telegraphers  have  taken  in 
nearly  all  eligible  op>erators  in  this  vicinity. 
Horse.shoers  obtained  50  cents  a  day  increase  in 
wage**  and  half-holiday  on  Saturday  in  their  new 
a>;reenient.  Boxmakers,  affiliated  with  the  wood 
workers,  have  signed  agreements  practically 
throughout  the  box-making  industry  with  in- 
creased wages.  Wood  workers  also  obtained  in- 
crease after  a  few  days'  strike.  The  bakers  have 
tk  nc  *ed  all  agreements  existing  last  year.  Car- 
penters have  signed  up  with  most  of  the  contract- 
ors for  40  cents  an  hour.  Painters  are  fast  estab- 
lishing a  10  per  cent  increase  over  last  year's  scale. 
The  curbstone  cutters  have  closed  contracts  with 
increased  wages.  After  two  days*  strike  ice- wagon 
drivers  returned  to  work  with  increase  of  $\.  a 
week  and  the  workday  to-  start  5.30  a.  m.,  which 
is  quite  an  improvement  in  their  condition.  Ci- 
garmakers  and  broommakers  have  finished  a  can- 
vass of  the  unions  to  encourage  label  agitation. 


The  laundry  workers  and  shoe  workers  are  also 
doing  work  along  this  line.  As  result  of  a  number 
of  open  meetings  the  machinists  have  materially 
increased  their  membership  and  established  a  local 
union  of  automobile  workers.  Cadillac  union  of 
drop  forgers  and  die  sinkers  has  affiliated  with  the 
machinists.  Sprinkler-fitters  have  organized  and 
affiliated  with  the  plumbers.  A  splendid  union  of 
cooks  and  waiters  has  recently  been  started  and  is 
in  nourishing  condition.  Building  trades  secured 
improved  conditions  without  strike  last  spring. 
Carpenters  are  building  up  a  strong  membership. 
Textile  workers  have  organized.  A  great  deal  of 
good  work  is  done  for  the  union  labels. 

Holland.— 0\q(].  Hansen: 

Union  men  here  demand  their  union  scale  and 
get  it  while  the  unorganized  have  to  take  what 
they  can  get.  We  have  had  no  recent  changes  in 
hours  or  wages.  There  is  a  stronger  tendency  to 
organize  than  ever  before.  Trackmen  have  organ- 
ize. Masons,  piano  workers,  and  carpenters  are 
likely  to  organize  in  the  near  future. 

Ionia,— n.  R.  Elliott: 

Industrial  conditions  are  good  and  all  trades  en- 
joy steady  employment.  We  are  gradually  shorten- 
ing the  hours  of  labor.  No  strikes  or  other  troubles 
to  report.  All  union  labels  are  patronized. 

Port  Huron.— ^.y  McCormick: 

Two  unions  have  secured  nine  hour  day  and 
several  other  unions  have  made  increased  wages, 
without  strike.  Conditions  here  are  very  good  for 
union  men.  The  only  complete  union- made  saw  is 
manufactured  here  and  will  be  exhibited  at  the 
Jamestown  Exposition.  The  shops  are  strictly 
union  throughout  and  the  goods  bear  the  union 
label  stamped  on.  Weights  aud  measures  ordinance 
was  passed  by  the  city  council.  We  are  putting 
forth  all  efforts  to  push  the  union  labels.  Have  or- 
ganized three  new  unions  and  have  two  others 
under  way. 

SauliSte,  Mari^.—Jas.  W.  Troyer: 

Employment  is  steady  and  all  men  find  plenty 
to  do  State  legislature  passed  an  act,  endorsed  by 
the  trades  council,  to  license  all  employment 
agencies    We  are  booming  all  union  labels. 

IVyandoUe, — Harry  La  Beau: 

Union  men  in  this  city  are  receiving  from  25 
cents  to  |1  more  per  day  than  the  nonunionist. 
Boilermakers  have  been  on  strike  for  nine  hour 
day  at  35  cents  an  hour.  Employment  is  quite 
steady.  We  are  actively  working  for  the  union 
labels. 

MINNESOTA. 

Duluth.—VJ.  E.  McEwen: 

All  kinds  of  labor  well  employed.  Industrial 
conditions  good.  Wages  of  union  labor  are  from 
20  to  40  per  cent  higher  than  the  unorganized. 
The  union  shop  is  recognized  throughout  the 
building  industry  of  Duluth.  Strike  was  settled  on 
that  basis  by  conference  with  employers.  The 
local  builders*  exchange,  branch  of  Citizens'  Alli- 
ance yields  to  the  union  shop.  Union  agreements 
in  the  building  trades  have  all  been  signed  up. 
One-half  of  the  building  trades  secured  advance 
in  wages  ranging  from  14  to  20  per  cent  without 
strike.  The  others  after  a  10  days'  strike  settled 
by  conciliation  on  terms  averaging  between  6  and 
1 1  per  cent.  Duluth  has  over  50  trade  unions  and 
in  only  two  trades,  the  printers  and  machinists,  is 
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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


the  open  shop  still  a  question.  All  other  trades, 
even  to  the  building  laborers,  have  the  union  shop. 
Splendid  revival  in  behalf  of  the  union  labels. 
State  laws  were  passed,  creating  free  labor  bureau, 
absolutely  preventing  child  labor  under  the  age 
of  14  and  rep^lating  labor  between  14  and  16 
years  of  age,  limiting  railroad  employes*  hours  of 
labor  to  16  hours,  permitting  a  woman  factory  in- 
spector, granting  emplojes  double  cost  when  com- 
pc^leid  to  sue  tor  wages  if  they  win  in  action. 
Hoisting  engineers,  garment  workers  of  this  city, 
and  railroad  shopmen  of  Proctor,  team  owners, 
elevator  operators,  and  flour  mill  employes  are 
about  to  organize.  Have  organized  three  new 
unions  during  the  month. 

MISSOURL 

Cape  Girardeau. — Peter  B.  Lang: 

All  trades  steadily  employed.  No  stikes  or  other 
trouble  to  report.  Organized  labor,  owine  to  asso- 
ciated effort,  has  the  oest  of  it  as  regards  condi- 
tions. Boilermakers*  helpers  and  stationary  fire- 
men are  about  to  form  unions.  Good  work  is  done 
for  the  union  labels. 

Kansas  City.— John  T.  Smith: 

Organized  labor  in  fine  shape,  and  the  unorgan- 
ized are  inquiring  for  information  regarding  or- 
ganization. Employment  is  plentiful.  Bakers  and 
bakery  drivers  got  a  union  agreement  signed  for 
one  year  without  strike.  About  60  per  cent  of  the 
machinists  are  working  on  new  scale  of  wages, 
and  the  balance  expect  to  get  it.  Organized  trades 
are  working  eight  hour  day.  Miners'  fellow-serv- 
ant bill  and  the  factory  inspection  bill  passed  at 
special  session  of  the  legislature.  Milkers,  jani- 
tors, and  elevator  operators  are  about  to  organize. 
The  union  labels  are  boomed  through  the  work  of 
union  label  league. 

Marceline,— Geo.  R.  McGregor: 

There  is  a  good  demand  for  union  labor.  Em- 
ployment steady.  Unorganized  workers  get  lower 
wages  and  work  longer  hours  than  the  organized. 
We  have  secured  improved  conditions  in  many 
trades  without  strike.  A  union  label  committee  is 
doing  good  work  for  the  union  labels. 

Moberly.—Z.  B.  Dysart. 

There  are  but  few  unorganized  workers  here. 
Teamsters,  laundry  workers,  and  hodcarriers  are 
about  the  only  unorganized  crafts  in  this  city. 
Employment  is  plentiful.  Industrial  conditions 
have  improved  without  strike.  Plumbers,  steam- 
fitters,  and  helpers  have  formed  a  union  recently. 
We  patronize  the  union  labels  at  all  times. 

liplar  Bluff.— Sol  Everhart: 

Organized  trades  in  this  city  in  good  shape  and 
working  in  harmony.  During  the  past  five  years 
wages  have  just  doubled  for  the  carpenters  and 
masons.  Where  five  years  ago  the  masons  received 
30  cents  an  hour  they  now  get  60.  Hodcarriers 
who  are  members  of  the  union  get  $2  for  nine  hour 
day,  whereas  the  nonunionists  work  10  hours  and 
get  |l  .50  a  day.  Any  laborer  who  does  not  carry 
a  union  card  is  at  a  disadvantage  with  employers 
in  this  city.  Union-made  goods  find  a  good  de- 
mand here. 

MONTANA. 

Livingston. — J.  Plantenberg: 

Through  the  efforts  of  unionized  trades,  condi- 
tions here  are  steadily  advancing.  Emplovment 
steady  and  prospects  are  bright  for  plenty  of  work 


all  summer.  Telephone  operators  are  on  strike 
for  increase  from  |S0  to  ^0  a  month  and  nine 
hour  day  where  they  formerly  worked  10  and  12 
hours  a  day  and  received  |27  to  f40  a  month. 
Citizens*  Alliance  has  been  organized  here  in 
opposition  to  the  unions  ^nd  higher  wages,  but 
they  will  not  be  ab'e  to  accomplish  anything  here. 
Cigarmakers  are  activelv  promoting  their  label 
and  there  is  also  a  gooa  demand  for  the  union 
labels  of  other  trades.  Machinists'  helpers  have 
organized  and  cement  workers,  engineers,  and 
firemen  are  under  way. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Berlin.— T.  J.  Smyth: 

Number  of  unorganized  workers  here  is  com- 
paratively small.  Employment  is  steady  in  factor- 
ies, mills  and  foundries.  Industrial  conditions  are 
very  fair  and  steadily  improving.  Labor  meetings 
are  better  attended  than  formerly  and  more  inter- 
est is  displayed.  Steam  and  hot  water  fitters  and 
helpers  have  organized  a  union. 

Keene. — A.  A.  Famsworth: 

If  the  present  good  work  of  organization  con- 
tinues to  go  on  at  the  present  pace,  there  will  be 
but  few  unorganized  workers  in  this  cit^r.  The 
workers  are  beginning  to  truly  realize  the  import- 
ance of  organization,  and  are  looking  to  the  labor 
unions  for  help  in  their  need.  Work  is  plentiful 
in  all  industries.  Good  work  is  done  for  the  union 
labels.  City  laborers  were  given  the  nine  hour 
day  without  reduction  in  pay.  Horseshoers  have 
organized. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

Elizabeth. — John  Keyes: 

Unorganized  workers  in  this  city  consist  mostly 
of  the  unskilled  laborers  who  are  foreigners- 
Italians,  Poles,  and  Hungarians.  Employment  is 
steady  for  skilled  mechanics.  Carpenters  have 
secured  advanced  wages  without  strike.  Hod- 
carriers out  for  increased  wages.  Shipwrights 
are  on  strike  for  increased  wages  and  shorter  work- 
day. A  woman's  label  league  is  about  to  be 
organized,  and  will  promote  the  interests  of  the 
union  labels. 

Vineland.—1S„'E.  Howe: 

All  trades  steadily  employed.  Carpenters  have 
secured  raise  of  wages  and  shorter  hours.  Brick- 
layers and  masons  are  asking  for  increased  wages 
and  shorter  workday.  Work  is  plentiful.  Plum  tiers 
expect  some  trouble  in  enforcing  eight  hour  day. 
We  do  all  we  can  to  advance  the  union  labels. 
NEW  YORK. 

Batavia, — G.  W.Harrington: 

Work  is  steady  and  plentiful  in  all  trades.  Con- 
ditions are  much  better  for  organized  trades  than 
for  the  unorganized.  Label  league  is  planning  for 
active  summer  work.  Several  new  unions  are  or- 
ganizing. 

Cohoes.—Thos.  E.  Bulson: 

About  five  hundred  men  have  joined  unions  dur- 
ing the  month,  250  of  which  have  already  secured 
10  per  cent  advance  in  wages.  Prospects  are  excel- 
lent. Two  of  the  unions  expect  soon  to  secure  1 5  per 
cent  increase  in  wages.  As  result  of  strike  aereral 
textile  organizations  secured  tO  per  cent  increase 
in  wages.  About  forty  per  cent  of  the  workers  here 
are  organized  and  receiving  good  wages.  Plumbers 
and  loom  fixers  have  organized.  Have  two  new 
unions  under  way. 


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WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


495 


Coming. — D.J.  Conroy: 

Work  is  plentiful.  Masons  have  reduced  their 
hours  from  nine  to  eight  per  day  without  strike 
Carpenters  have  been  working  eight  hour  day 
since  May  first.  Unionized  trades  working  eight 
and  nine  hour  day  while  the  unorganized  work 
10  to  12  hours  a  day.  Plumbers  have  organized 
since  last  report  and  have  now  secured  nine 
hoviiaf  where  they  formerly  worked  10.  Retail 
clerks  and  musiciaiM  Iwve  mlio  oiganir^^  recently. 
Our  label  league  is  doing  good  work  advertising 
the  nnion  labels. 

JafMstown. — Louis  E.  Ruden: 

Organized  trades  in  very  good  shape.  Printers, 
carpenters,  and  bricklayers  are  working  eight  hour 
day;  sheet  metal  workers  work  nine  hours,  and 
all  other  crafts  have  secured  shorter  workday, 
while  the  unorganized  workers  are  still  work- 
ing 10  hours.  Carpenters  secured  ei^ht  hour  day 
with  increased  wages,  May  first,  without  strike. 
Horseshoers  have  organized.  Machinists  and  out- 
side sheet  metal  workers  are  about  to  organize. 

LiUU  Falls. —Thos.  J.  Crowley: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  Condition  of  unorganized 
trades  very  poor,  most  of  them  working  overtime. 
Laborers  have  organized.  Have  one  new  union 
ander  way.  We  promote  the  demand  for  the  union 
labels. 

Lockpart.—Vfm,  J.  Nugent: 

We  have  18  unions  in  this  city  in  good  shape. 
Organized  labor  is  far  in  the  lead  when  compared 
with  the  unorganized.  Butcher  workmen,  horse- 
shoers, clerks,  and  papermakers  are  likely  to  or- 
ganize. Ladies*  label  league  is  doing  good  work  for 
the  union  labels. 

Newburgh. — ^John  Rothery: 

Carpenters  and  painters  of  this  city  are  now 
working  for  themselves.  Master  builders  have  or- 
ganized and  are  advertising  the  open  shop,  but 
they  do  not  seem  to  get  any  workers.  Bricklayers 
and  hodcarriers,  have  settled  their  trouble,  secur- 
ing increased  wages. 

Pcekskill, — Herman  Kaste: 

Several  trades  have  secured  increased  wages  this 
season  and  are  steadily  increasing  their  member- 
ship. Organized  trades  work  shorter  hours  and 
receive  higher  wages  than  the  unorganized.  Team- 
sters will  demand  the  union  shop  and  carpenters 
expect  to  win  their  strike.  Employment  is  steady. 
Stove  mounters  have  formed  union.  The  union 
labels  are  pushed. 

Ptaitsburg, — J.  C.  Malampy: 

Industrial  conditions  steadily  improving,  owing 
to  the  good  work  of  union  men.  Work  is 
plentiful  and  it  is  sometimes  hard  to  supply  the 
demand  for  men.  Plumbers  increased  their  wages 
from  ^.50  to  (3  and  reduced  hours  from  nine  to 
eight  a  day.  Carpenters,  masons,  and  painters  of 
Saranac  Lake  have  won  strike  for  nine  hour  day. 
Blacksmiths,  clerks,  and  plumbers  of  Saranac  Lake 
are  about  to  organize. 

Syracuse. — ^Robt.  Kinney: 

Industrial  conditions  very  good.  Organized 
trades  have  increased  wages  22 >i  cents  to  26  cents 
per  hour  without  strike.  Union  men  are  doing 
▼ery  well  in  this  vicinity.  A  contractor  was  arrested 
for  violating  the  eight  hour  law.    He  settled  by 


complying  with  the  law  and  signed  the  agreement. 
A  committee  is  looking  after  the  union  labels. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Goldsboro.—'Jo^l  Powers: 

Work  is  plentiful  and  conditions  improving  for 
union  men.  Machinists  secured  |3  per  day,  flat 
rate.  Otherwise  there  has  been  no  recent  change 
in  conditions. 

Saiislmry.-'U  W.  Hxm:. 

Several  trades  have  bettered  their  conditions 
without  strike;  others  have  gained  improvements 
through  strike.  We  have  elected  a  union  man  as 
alderman  in  this  city.     Employment  is  steady. 

IVilmingion.—J.  H.  Curtis: 

All  trades  steadily  employed.  Organized  labor 
in  good  shape.  One  cotton  mill  granted  10  hour 
day  without  strike;  the  men  formerly  worked  11 
hours  a  day.  Machinists  have  secured  increased 
wages  in  two  shops.  Have  two  new  unions  under 
way.    There  is  fair  demand  for  the  union  labels. 

NORTH  DAKOTA. 

Fargo. — A.  L.  Failor:  ^ 

The  unions  are  making  steady  progress  and  in- 
creasing in  membership.  Painters  now  have  every 
elif;ible  member  in  Fargo  and  Moorehead  in  their 
union  and  all  shops  signed  up.  They  secured  nine 
hour  day  without  decrease  in  wages.  Carpenters' 
union  has  increased  Irom  12  to  80  members  during 
the  month.  Bricklayers  report  plenty  of  work  for 
all.  Plumbers  and  steamfitters  have  more  work 
than  they  can  do.  Plumbers  asked  for  50  cents  in- 
crease, which  was  refused,  whereupon  they  struck, 
and  after  a  few  days  secured  their  demand  and 
went  back  to  work.  Clerks*  union  is  rapidly  in- 
creasing membership,  and  all  but  two  stores  in  the 
city  have  the  six  o'clock  closing.  Locomotive 
firemen  now  have  a  local  of  1 50  members.  Station- 
ary engineers  have  organized  recently.  All  union 
labels  are  pushed,  and  the  stores  are  stocking  up 
with  more  union-made  goods  than  formerly. 

Grand  Forks. — Peter  Morgan: 

Work  is  steady.  Industrial  conditions  good. 
Painters'  union  steadily  winning  ground  in  its 
strike.  Carpenters  have  organized  and  bricklayers* 
union  is  under  way. 

OHIO. 

Ashtabula.  —David  English : 

All  classes  of  labor  are  reaping  the  benefit  of  the 
general  prosperity,  and  in  consequence  some  of 
Uie  union  members  are  beginning  to  be  careless 
about  attendance  at  meetings.  It  is  as  important 
for  union  men  to  be  up  and  doing  in  times  of  peace 
in  order  to  avoid  strikes  and  trouble.  All  trades 
are  satisfied  with  conditions  here.  No  troubles  of 
any  kind  to  report.  About  ninety-nine  per  cent  of 
the  workers  are  organized.  Shoemakers'  union  is 
steadily  gaining  in  membership.  Tailors  are  talking 
organization.  We  hold  mass  meetings  of  union  men 
and  their  families  in  order  to  get  them  educated  in 
the  demand  for  the  union  labels.  Union  labor  in- 
tends to  put  candidates  up  for  election  this  fall. 

Cleveland. — Michael  Goldsmith: 

Union  men  secure  very  satisfactory  conditions 
this  season.  Employment  is  plentiful.  Electricians 
after  one  week's  strike  won  their  demands.  Sev- 
eral new  unions  are  under  way.  We  do  everything 
possible  to  promote  the  union  labels.  t 

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496 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Columbus.— ^m.  B.  Hartman: 

After  a  short  strike  painters  secured  increased 
wages.  Condition  of  the  organized  workers  here 
is  far  above  the  unoiganized.  Employment  is 
steady.  Blacksmiths  H)rmed  a  union  during  the 
month. 

Coshocton.— B.  P.  Miller: 

All  branches  of  labor  well  employed.  Good  de- 
mand for  organized  labor.  Union  men  are  recog- 
nized here  as  superior  workers  and  get  much  higher 
wages  than  the  unorganized  workers  of  the  same 
trade.  We  have  monthly  lectures  on  the  labor 
question  and  ezp>ect  much  good  from  it.  Very 
effective  work  is  done  for  the  union  labels. 

CrooksvilU.—S.  R.  Frazee: 

Organized  labor  is  far  in  advance  of  the  unor- 
ganized as  regards  conditions  and  wages.  All  work- 
ers should  organize  in  order  to  better  their  condi- 
tions. Two  new  unions  have  recently  been 
organized  and  we  have  three  others  under  way. 
Everything  possible  is  done  to  push  the  union 
labels  to  the  fi-ont. 

Delaware. — Henry  Dauerheim: 

The  unions  are  working  to  better  conditions. 
The  unorganized  workers  consist  mostly  of  the  un- 
skilled laborers.  There  is  a  good  demand  for  union 
men  and  eniployment  is  steady.  Wages  and  hours 
have  been  improved  in  several  trades  without 
strike.  Good  demand  for  the  union  labels.  Am 
trying  to  organize  a  federal  union. 

East  Liverpool. — Chas.  Kontnier  and  H.  O. 
Allison: 

All  building  trades  have  secured  advance  in 
wages  this  season.  Hodcarriers  and  carpenters 
secured  their  demands  by  strike.  Street-car  men 
secured  advance  in  wages  and  union  shop  contract. 
There  is  a  good  demand  for  union  made  eoods. 
Through  our  efforts  the  city  council  voted  one- 
half  mill  tax  levy  for  support  of  city  hospital. 
Clerks  of  Chester,  W.  Va.,  and  telephone  operators 
have  organized.  Laundry  workers  and  tailors  are 
about  to  forui  unions. 

Active  interest  is  taken  in  the  union  meetings, 
which  are  well  attended.  Organized  labor  in  good 
condition.  Work  is  plentiful  and  there  is  a  strong 
demand  for  union  men.  Telephone  operators 
secured  nine  hour  day,  time  and  a  half  for  holi- 
days, recognition  of  union  and  discharge  of  strike- 
breakers. The  unorganized  are  receiving  low 
wages.  Printers  actively  advertising  their  union 
label.  We  also  have  a  committee  booming  all  union 
Ubels. 

East  Palestine. — Geo.  H.  Allcorn: 

Work  is  plentiful  and  continues  steady.  Labor 
council  is  making  extensive  preparations  for  Labor 
Day.  We  have  a  standing  committee  working  for 
the  union  labels. 

Fostoria.—Qhas.  E.  Scharf: 
Laundry  workers  organized  during  the  month, 
and  we  have  coopers'  union  under  way.  Employ- 
ment is  steady  and  plentiful.  Organized  lat)or  in 
good  shape.  We  promote  the  union  labels  at 
all  times. 

Tiffin.-— S.  D.  Burford: 

Work  continues  steady.  No  changes  in  wages 
since  last  report.  Union  men  owing  to  their  own 
efforts  get  higher  wages  and  shorter  hours  than 
the  unorganized  workers.  We  have  strong  label 
agitation  on  hand. 


Zanesville. — Fred  A.  Kline: 

Union  men  have  the  preference  from  employers 
on  all  work.  Building  industry  active.  Em- 
ployment steady.  Organized  labor  steadily  im- 
proving conditions.  Carpenters  secured  eight 
hour  day  without  reduction  in  wages  and  without 
strike.  Garment  workers  seciired  increase  of  20 
per  cent  after  being  out  a  day  and  a  half.  Union 
label  goods  well  patronized.  Team  drivers  organ- 
•ized  last  month?    Two  new  unions  underway. 

PENNSYLVANIA- 

Altoona.—J.  H.  Imler: 

Organized  labor  commands  the  respect  of  the 
employer  and  secures  higher  wages  than  the  un- 
organized. All  trades  have  steady  employment. 
Building  trades  are  well  organized  and  have 
affiliated  with  the  central  labor  council.  Have 
several  unions  under  way.  We  arc  vigorously 
promoting  the  tmion  labels. 

Connellsvilie.—T.  J.  Collins:         » 

Industrial  conditions  good  and  employment 
steady.  Linemen  went  on  strike  and  were  re- 
placed by  imported  negro  labor.  Plumbers  have 
organized. 

Erie. — George  N.  Warde: 

All  union  men  have  steady  employment.  Car- 
penters obtained  increase  of  five  cents  per  hour. 
Carriage  workers  received  10  per  cent  increase  and 
reduction  of  one  hour  per  day,  also  Saturday  half- 
holiday.  This  union  was  organized  Februaiy  this 
year.  Cigarmakers  are  asking  increased  scale 
and  expect  to  get  it  without  strike.  Legislative 
committee  of  the  central  labor  un*on  defeated  a 
city  ordinance  which  would  have  been  injurious 
to  the  hucksters.  Label  xronimittee  is  working 
with  great  success.  Street- car  men,  stationary  fire- 
men, clerks,  and  laundry  workers  are  about  to 
organize. 

Greensburg.—Vf.  G.  Allen: 

Carpenters  are  gaining  in  membership.  Elec- 
tricians have  half  of  their  trade  in  line,  and  brick- 
layers are  about  two-thirds  organized.  Generally 
soeaking  about  two-thirds  of  the  workers  in  this 
city  are  organized.  Carpenters  scale  now  is  $3.25 
for  nine  hours,  although  three  firms  here  pay  $3.50 
a  day.  We  are  doing  all  we  can  to  create  a  good 
demand  for  the  union  labels. 

Meadville. —O^o.  S.  Wagner: 

Building  trades  increased  wages  this  season  10 
p>er  cent  without  strike.  Organized  trades  in  good 
shape.  Employment  is  steady.  Boilermakers  and 
iron  molders  are  still  on  strike  at  this  writing  and 
hope  to  win. 

New  Castle.— Thos.  C.  Humphrey: 

This  city  is  pretty  well  organized  and  advanced 
wages  are  paid  to  the  organized  trades,  but  in  the 
few  unorganized  branches  poor  conditions  and  low 
wages  are  the  rule.  Employment  is  plentiful  and 
continues  steady.  Plasterers  secured  50  cents  a 
day  increase  without  strike.  Lathers  and  cement 
workers  organized  during  the  month.  ^ 

Pittston.—J.  N.  Cathrall: 

Business  good  in  this  city.  Our  central  labor 
union  is  in  good,  healthy  condition.  We  have 
leased  a  new  hall  for  10  years  and  most  of  the  local 
unions  have  rented  quarters  there.  Our  labor  paper 
is  thriving  and  is  a  power  for  ^ood  in  the  com- 
munity. Am  organizing  the  boilermakers. 
Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


497 


PiUsburg,—^.  J.  Carey: 

Building  trades  of  this  city  expect  to  form  a  build- 
ing trades  section.  Organized  labor  in  fair  shape. 
Have  one  new  union  under  way.  Barbers  obtained 
increased  wages  and  shorter  hours  after  a  strike  of 
a  few  hours.  Good  work  is  done  for  the  union 
labels. 

Misvilie,—JeTe  Brennan: 

Conditions  for  organized  trades  are  very  good. 
Work  is  plentiful.  Label  committee  is  always 
working  for  the  union  labels. 

/heading.— A.  P.  Bower: 

Union  men  generally  employed  thoughout  this 
city.  No  strikes  in  any  trade.  Bricklayers  secured 
advance  in  wages.  Cigarmakers  are  quite  active. 
E  E.  Grveuawalt,  special  organizer,  has  been  con- 
ducting a  successful  campaign  of  organization. 
Honeshoers  have  organized. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 
l^oonsockeL—OeoTft  Grandchamp: 
Cnrjienters  and  painters  have  increased  wages 
and  reduced  hours  from  ten  to  eight  without 
strike.  Organized  labor  in  far  better  condition 
than  the  unorganized.  Employment  is  steady. 
Painter^,  mule  spinners,  and  electricians  have  or- 
ganized. Stationary  firemen  and  woolen  weavers 
are  about  to  organize.  Central  labor  union  is  ac- 
tive in  the  work  for  the  union  labels. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

CkarUston.— John  L.  Kiley: 

All  trades  in  this  city  are  pretty  well  employed. 
Strike  on  the  Evening  Post  has  been  settled  with 
improved  conditions  and  strictly  union  shop. 
Women's  label  league  is  working  to  have  dealers 
handle  union  labeled  pianos.  We  demand  the 
union  labels  on  everything  we  can.  A  visit  from 
a  good  Kcneral  organizer  would  do  a  great  deal 
of  good  here. 

Gearg-eioztm.— 'Joseph  N.  Alphonse: 

Agreement  of  machinists  for  2^  cents  per  hour 
increase  was  signed  and  after  five  days  was  with- 
drawn by  the  general  manager  of  the  company. 
This  broken  contract  caused  a  lockout  and  several 
other  tradts  went  out  in  sympathy.  Organized 
workers  as  a  rule  have  the  best  of  it  as  regards 
working  conditions.  Clerks  are  organizing.  We 
always  patronize  the  union  labels. 

TENNESSEE. 

Afemfihis,— Otto  Stein: 

Organized  trades  find  plenty  of  work  afid  good 
working  conditions.  Employment  steady.  Coop- 
ers won  their  strike  against  a  local  milling  com- 
pany. One  new  union  was  organized  during  the 
month  and  we  have  two  others  under  way. 

TEXAS. 

Bridgepart.^J.  C.  Phillips: 

Every  branch  of  labor  busily  employed.  An  all 
aroynd  advance  of  wages  has  been  secured  by  or- 
ganized trades.  The  unorganized  work  from  one 
to  two  hours  more  per  day  than  the  uuion  men. 
Our  state  legislature  enacted  several  good  labor 
measures.  Clerks  of  Jacksboro  have  organized.  The 
union  labels  are  discussed  and  advertised. 

Dai/as,— V.  J.  Geller  and  R  H.  Campbell: 

Organized  men  well  employed  particularly  the 
bnildiDg  trades  Carpenters  secured  advanced 
wages,  their  increase  amounting  to  60  cents  per 


day.  This  affects  800  men  and  was  secured  with- 
out strike.  Teamsters  are  organizing  witli  ^nod 
membership  and  bright  prospects.  All  union  libels 
are  advocated  and  patronized.  Sign  painters  or- 
ganized recently  and  signed  agreements  with  in- 
crease and  reduced  two  hours  per  day  viiihout 
strike.  Bakers  have  signed  agreements  wiih  11 
shops  out  of  13  without  strike.  Stage  enipio)es 
have  signed  with  ail  summer  theaters.  Electric  ans 
have  iTmen  still  out  on  strike.  Some  very  j^ood 
work  was  done  last  legislature  in  the  way  of  favor- 
able labor  legislation. 

Bnnis.—K,  R.  Perry: 

Everyone  here  is  working.  We  have  no  unor- 
ganized labor  of  which  there  is  enough  to  form  a 
union.     All  union  labels  are  patronized. 

Thurber—'hiL.  D.  Lasater: 

Central  body  here  is  actively  working  to  better 
the  conditions  of  the  workers  in  this  vicinity.  Or- 
ganized labor,  owing  to  its  own  efforts,  fares  much 
better  than  the  unorganized.  We  do  all  possible 
to  promote  the  union  labels. 

IVaco.— John  R.  Spencer: 

Conditions  are  very  good  with  the  exception  of 
the  woolen  mills,  which  are  unorganized  and 
largely  employ  women  and  children  10  hours  a  day 
at  very  low  wages.  Employment  is  steady  aid  all 
trades  find,  plenty  to  do.  Organized  laborers  luve 
shorter  hours  and  from  10  to  25  per  cent  bt* tter 
wages  since  forming  unions.  Two  stores  have 
agreed  to  keep  uuion  fabel  clothing  for  sale 

UTAH. 

Sail  Lake.— B&niel  Elton: 

Although  we  are  making  fair  progress,  cousi.ler 
able  work  is  necessary  even  among  the  organized 
in  order  to  get  them  thoroughly  educated  a.  <!  ihe 
unions  in  good  working  condition.  Three  uvu  ns 
of  brewery  workmen  have  signed  for  increas.  d  pay 
and  less  hours,  carpenters  have  increased  vw(ges» 
and  horseshoers  gained  more  wages  without  strike. 
Am  trying  to  organize  the  cement  workers,  butch- 
ers, teamsters,  laundry  workers,  bakers, and  others. 
Although  employment  can  not  be  cons  dered 
steady  here  the  year  around,  yet  work  at  this*  lime 
is  plentiful. 

VERMONT. 

Nezt/pori.—K.  P.  Sweet: 

Organized  labor  doing  well.  Everything  quiet 
at  this  time.  The  unorganized  workers  are  in  a 
state  of  uncertainty  and  work  for  as  low  as  75  ct-nts 
to  |1.S0  per  day.  Work  is  plentiful  and  all  trades 
are  steadily  employed.  Wood  workers,  teamsters, 
painters  and  freight  handlers  of  this  city  anr)  wood 
workers  of  Barton  Landing  are  about  to  organize. 

/^ul/and.—Fhi\ipJ,  Halvosa: 

Caipenters  of  Burlington  secured  25  cents  a  day 
increase,  making  their  scale  $2.75  a  day  of  nine 
hours.  500  slate  workers  are  still  on  strike  for 
nine  hour  day  at  Fair  Haven;  the  men  are  well 
organized  and  have  already  won  partial  victory  as 
several  firms  have  conceded  the  point  and  about 
100  men  are  at  work.  As  a  rule  the  unorganized 
have  to  work  10  hour  day  while  the  union  men 
work  eight  and  nine  and  receive  higher  wa^es 
Plumbers  are  on  strike  with  good  prospects  of 
winning  as  some  shops  have  already  signed. 
Typographical  union  and  cigarmakers  are  work- 
ing for  the  union  labels.  ,  T 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ  16 


498 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


IVhiie  River  Junction, — E.  D  Biathrow: 
There  are  not  enough  men  to  fill  the  demand 
for  labor.  Organized  labor  in  good  shape.  Union 
men  work  union  hours,  while  the  nonunionist  has 
to  work  all  kinds  of  hours.  The  desire  for  organ- 
ization was  never  so  strong  as  at  this  time.  Mer- 
chants are  stocking  up  with  union  labeled  goods. 
Boilermakers  and  blacksmiths  and  shop  helpers  of 
Lyndon ville,  machinists,  and  painters  at  St.  Johns- 
bury  have  organized.  Central  labor  union  in  St. 
Johnsbury,  central  labor  union  at  Newport,  and 
carpenters  at  Barton  and  Windsor  as  well  as 
several  others  are  under  way. 

VIRGINIA. 

Clifton  Forge,—].  E.  Welch: 

Employment  is  steady  in  all  lines.  Organized 
labor  in  good  shape.  The  unorganized  workers 
can  not  compare  with  the  union  men  and  their 
conditions.  We  are  doing  all  we  can  to  advance 
the  union  labels. 

Richmond. parties  Brown : 

Organized  labor  holding  its  own  and  making 
progress,  while  the  unorganized  are  still  slaving 
away  long  hours  at  low  wages.  Printers  are  still 
on  strike  for  the  eight  hour  day  and  holding  out 
firm.  Employment  is  plentiful.  There  is  good 
demand  for  all  union  labels. 

WASHINGTON. 

IValla  Walla,— U.  E.  Cutting: 

Organized  labor  was  never  in  t>etter  condition 
than  now.  Work  is  plentiful.  Tailors  who  organ- 
ized recently  won  a  strike  of  few  days,  gaining  in- 
creased wages.  The  last  session  of  legislature 
demonstrated  the  necessity  of  the  initiative  and 
referendum  campaign  which  is  now  on.  Electrical 
workers  have  organized.  Building  trades  alliance 
is  being  formed. 

WISCONSIN. 

Ashland. — Frank  Gauthier: 

Carpenters,  tailors,  and  machinists  have  secured 
increased  wages  without  strike.     Coal  yard  work- 


ers are  asking  five  cents  an  hour  increase.  Organ- 
ized workers  have  far  better  conditions  aa  compaiefl 
with  the  unorganized.  Employment  is  steady  and 
plentiful. 

Fond  du  Lac.—Wm.  Graessle: 

Organized  labor  in  all  branches  of  labor  steadily 
employed.  Printers  secured  eight  hoar  day  on 
daily  paper  as  result  of  one  day's  strike.  Brewers 
renewed  former  agreement  without  trouble  Or- 
ganized labor  generally  working  shorter  hours  and 
receive  higher  wages.  Printers  and  cigarmakers 
are  advertising  their  labels. 

Kenosha. — John  R.  Noble: 

Industrial  conditions  good  in  this  vicinity.  All 
organized  trades  find  steady  employment.  A  law 
was  passed  by  the  legislature  providing  blowers  in 
factories  where  polishers  and  buffers  are  employed. 
Good  work  is  done  for  the  union  labels.  Electrical 
workers  are  forming  union. 

Manitowoc— G.  H.  Thompson: 

Organized  trades  have  steady  employment.  In- 
dustrial conditions  are  very  gooa  for  organized 
workers.  Retail  clerks  have  organized  100  mem- 
bers strong  and  prospects  are  bright  for  a  fine 
union.  A  general  campaign  is  on  for  the  union 
lat>els. 

Watertown.—^}x%t,VL^  Killian: 

Building  trades  difficulties  which  occurred  this 
season  have  been  settled  without  strike.  The 
bosses  declared  for  open  shop,  but  the  men  were 
firm  and  won.  Through  the  infiuence  of  organized 
labor,  the  employes  at  municipal  water  works 
plant  were  granted  an  increase  in  wages.  Em- 
ployment is  steady.  Trade^ood.  Cigarmakers  in 
one  shop  struck  to  secure  the  same  rate  of  wages 
paid  iu  other  shops  here.  The  men  are  standing 
firm.  The  unorganized  workers  in  some  instances 
have  very  poor  conditions.  All  union  labels  are 
agitated. 


DOMINION  NOTES. 


CANADA. 


Edmonton^  Alberta.—].  A.  Kinney: 
Building  trades  are  well  organized  and  enjoy 
eight  hour  day  and  fair  wages.  Unorganized  men 
work  longer  hours  than  union  members.  Painters 
secured  minimum  wage  scale  and  increase  of  35 
cents  a  day  after  partial  strike.  Organized  labor 
in  all  trades  in  good  shape.  Through  the  agitation 
of  the  trades  and  labor  council  the  city  has  adopted 
the  eight  hour  day.  Electricians  and  sheet  metal 
workers  have  organized  recently. 

Hamilton,  (7«/.— Walter  R.  Rollo: 

Organized  labor  in  healthy  condition  in  this 
locality  although  there  are  a  number  of  trades  still 
to  be  organized.  All  classes  of  labor  steadily  em- 
ployed at  this  time.  Carpenters  secured  increase 
trom  35  cents  to  37'/^  and  40  cents  an  hour  and 
eight  hour  day  without  strike.  All  organized 
trades  have  t>etter  conditions,  wages,  and  hours 
than  the  unorganized.  Plumbers  and  painters  are 
oti  Strike  lor  Wikm  shop  and  increased  wages. 
■  "  '  *  "ft  Wiion.  Hodcarriers  and 
tit  to  oiganize. 


Moose  Jaw,  Saskatchewan. — Ed.  Stephenson: 
Small  numbers  of  competent  British  mechanics 
are  accepted  by  the  unions  here  every  sprin||;  and 
find  immediate  work  on  full  time  in  the  building 
trades.  Unorganized  workers  are  exposed  to 
competitfon  with  the  impoverished,  unguided.  and 
unclassified  immigration.  This  will  be  minim- 
ized this  year  by  the  enormous  railroad  con- 
structioil  and  the  intellif^ent  unskilled  labor  will 
surely  advance  wages  25  cents  a  day.  Railroad 
men  are  so  busy  they  work  overtime.  All  other 
trades  busy,  although  building  trades  have  been 
delayed  because  of  late  spring  and  summer.  The 
objectionable  feature  of  punching  time  clocks  in  all 
shops  on  the  Canadian  Pacific  railroad  here  has 
been  removed  through  union  persuasion.  The 
men  '*  rested  "  a  day  or  two  and  the  clocks  were 
removed.  Conditions  of  organized  labor  far  su- 
perior to  the  unorganized.  All  unions  have  the 
union  shop  agreement  and  are  not  forced  into  com- 
petition with  immigrants.  Boilermakers  have  or- 
ganized. Federal  union,  railway  employv^li 
sters,  and  others  are  likely  to  organise  ill  ttt 
future.  There  is  a  much  more  steady  \ 
the  UKion  labels  g^^an^^or|g5f^ogle 


American  Federationisl. 

OFFICIAL  MONTHLY  MAGAZINE 
DBVOTKD    TO    THB    INTBRBSTS    AND    VOICING    THE    DE- 
MANDS OF  THE  TRADE  UNION  MOVEMENT. 
PUBLISHED  BT 

THB  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR, 

— AT— 

423*425  a  Street  N.  W.  W«shlaflrton,  D.  C. 

Correspond  en  ts  will  please  write  on  one  side  of  the 
paper  only,  and  address 

Samuel  Qompbbs,  Editor,  Washington,  D.  C. 
All  commanlcatlons  relating  to  finances  and  sabsorlp- 
UoDS  should  be  addressed  to 

Frank  Morrison,  Secretary,  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  publisher  reserves  the  right  to  reject  or  revoke 
sdveruslng  contracts  at  any  time. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  Is  not  sponsor  for, 
nor  Interested  In,  any  souvenir  publication  of  any  kind* 

Entered  at  Washington,  D.  C,  postoffice  as  second-class 
matter. 


SUBSCRIPTION: 


Per  Annum, 
Single  copy. 


$1.00. 
10  Cents. 


Bzecutlve  Council,  A.  P.  of  L. 

SAMUEL  QOMPERS,  President. 
JAMES  DUNCAN,  First  Vice-President. 
JOHN  MITCHELL,  Second  Vice-President. 
JAMBS  O'CONNELL,  Third  Vice-President. 
MAX  MORRIS,  Fourth  Vice-President. 
DENIS  A.  HAYES,  Fifth  Vice-President. 
DANIEL  J.  KEBFE,  Sixth  Vice-President. 
WILLIAM  D.  H U BE R,  Seventh  Vice-President. 
JOSEPH  F.  VALENTINE,  Eighth  Vice-President. 
JOHN  B.  LENNON.  Treasurer. 
FRANK  MORRISON,  Secretary. 


Official  Notice. 

At  the  Minneapolis  convention  of  the  American  Fed- 
eration of  Labor,  the  following  resolution  was  adopted: 

Rnolved.  That  we  do  hereby  earnestly  request  the 
delegates  to  report  to  their  respective  locals  that 
"Btsodard**  sewing  machines  are  unfair.  The  SUndard 
Sewing  Machine  Company  having  been  placed  on  the 
''onfair  llsr»  of  the  American  Federation  of  I^abor,  after 
repeatedly  refusing  to  make  any  adjustment  of,  or  to 
submit  to  arbitration,  the  grievances  of  the  machinists 
and  other  metal  working  trades  on  strike  at  the  factory 
of  said  firm.  We  further  request  that  all  locals  give 
these  facts  as  wide  publication  as  possible,  to  the  end 
that  their  members  and  friends  may  withdraw  their 
patronage  from  the  Standard  Sewing  Machine  Company 
onill  an  equitable  adjustment  of  the  difficulty  be  se- 
eared. 

The  convention  adopted  the  committee's  recom- 
mendation that  thePresldentof  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor,  furnish  the  labor  periodicals  a  llstcontain- 
lof  the  names  of  the  machines  manufactured  by  this 
eonecm  and  requested  them  to  give  as  much  publicity 
IS  potslble.   They  are  as  follows: 


All  rotary  machines,  for  both  family  and  factory  use, 
bearing  their  names:   Vibrator  sewing  maebines. 
♦Paragon. 
♦Kensington. 
♦Arlington. 
♦Arlington  Oem. 

Norwood. 

Family  Gem. 

Black  Diamond, 

Our  Very  Best. 

Fashion. 

Arnold. 

Metropolitan. 

International. 

Majestic. 

Superior. 

Favorite. 


West  lake. 
Perfection. 
ElCorea. 
New  Howe. 
Perla  De  La  Casa. 
Two  in  one,  Standard. 
Imperial. 

Hieh  Arm  Philadelphia  Ma- 
chine. 
Improved  Faultless. 
Ellsa. 
Raiz. 

Family  Queen. 
Ball  Bearing. 
Swift. 

♦Made  for  Cash  Buyers'  Union,  Chicago. 
Also  manufacture  the  Standard  Computing  Cheese 
Cutter  for  Sutherland  A  Dow  Mfg.  Co.,  Chicago. 

The  last  report  to  the  office  of  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor  shows  the  stubborn  unwillingness  of  the 
company  to  concede  the  metal  polishers  and  machinists 
the  simple  Justice  to  which  they  are  entitled. 

Labor  and  friendly  press  please  copy,  and  secretaries 
of  unions  read  at  meetings  of  their  organizations. 
Fraternally  yours, 

Samuel  Gompers, 
Preaident,  American  Federation  of  Labor. 


Notice. 

Washington,  D.  C,  June  26, 1907. 
To  All  AmUated  Unions: 

A  satisfactory  settlement  of  the  differences  existing 
between  the  organizations  at  interest  and  the 

Kebn|Barber  Supply  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

having  been  reached,  and  said  firm  now  operating  a 
union  establishment,  the  same  Is  removed  from  our 
**We  Don't  Patronize"  list  and  placed  on  our  FAIR 
LIST. 

Secretaries  are  requested  to  read  this  notice  at  union 
meeting^,  and  labor  and  reform  press  please  copy. 
Fraternally  yours, 

.  -  Samuel.  Gompers, 

President ,  American  Federation  ot  Labor. 


Notice. 

Washington,  D.  C.June  25, 1907. 
To  All  Ataiiated  Unions: 

At  the  request  of  the  unions  interested,  and  after  due 
Investigation  and  attempt  at  seitlement,  the  following 
concern  has  l:>een  declared  CNFAIK: 
Indurated  Fibre  Ware  Company,  Lockport,  N.Y. 
Secretaries  are  requested  to  read  this  notice  at  union 
meetings,  and  labor  and  reform  press  please  copy. 
Fraternally  yours, 

Samuel  Gompers, 
President,  American  Federation  of  Labor. 


We  Don't  Patronize. 

When  application  is  made  by  an  international  union 
to  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  to  place  any  busi- 
ness firm  upon  the  "We  Don't  Patronize"  list  the  inter- 
national Is  required  to  made  a  full  statement  of  its 
grievance  against  such  company,  and  also  what  efforts 
have  been  made  to  adjust  the  same. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  either  through 
correspondence  or  by  duly  authorized  representatives 
seeks  an  interview  with  such  firm  for  the  purpose  of 
ascertaining  the  company's  version  of  the  matter  in 


(499) 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


soo 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


controversy  and  tbU8  uses  every  endeavor  to  secure  an 
amicable  adjustmeat. 

AOer  having  exhausted  In  this  way  every  effort  to 
amicably  adjust  the  matter,  the  application,  together 
with  a  ftiU  history  of  the  entire  matter,  is  submitted  to 
the  Executive  Council  of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  for  such  action  as  It  may  deem  advisable.  If. 
approved,  the  firm's  name  appears  on  the  "We  Don't 
Patronise"  list  in  the  following  issue  of  the  Amsricaii 

PSDXRATIONIST. 

Anlmemaiional  union  is  not  allowed  to  have  pub- 
lished the  names  of  more  than  three  firms  at  any  one 
time. 

Similar  course  is  followed  when  applicatioo  is  made 
by  a  local  union  directly  afflliatpd  with  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor.  Directly  afiSliated  local  unions  are 
allowed  the  publication  of  hut  one  firm  at  one  time. 

Union  worn  1  uff men  and  workingwomen  and  sympa- 
thizers with  labor  have  refhsed  to  purchase  articles  pro- 
duced by  the  following  firms— Labor  papers  please  note 
change**  from  month  to  month  and  copy: 

Food  and  Kindrsd  Products. 

Breaff  -McKinney  Bread  Company,  Rt,  Louis.  Mo. 

Cl^aiv.— <  arl  Up  .  an,  of  New  York  City;  Kerbs,  We^ 
theim  A  8chlffer.  of  New  York  City ;  The  Henry 
Qeorite  and  Tom  Moore. 

Flour  —  Washbnrn-CroBby  Milling  Co.,  Minneapolis, 
Minn.;  Valley  City  Milling  Co.,  Grand  Rapids, 
Mich 

Orooerles.— James  Butler,  New  York  City. 

To hncoo.— American  and  Continental  Tobacco  Com- 
panies. 

FFAteirey.— Finch  Distilling  Company,  PitUburg,  Pa. 

Clothing. 

Clotbing.S,   Snellenberg    A    Co.,    Philadelphia,   Pa.; 

Clothiers'  Exchange.  Rochester,  N.  Y.;  B.  Kuppen- 

heimnr  A  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 
Ctorsets.— ChlcARo «  orset  C'ompsny,  manufacturers  Kabo 

and  La  Marguerite  Corsets. 
O/oves.— J.  H  Cownle  Glove  Co..  Des  Moines,  Iowa;  Cali- 
fornia Olove  Co..  Napa.  Cal. 
Hats.— J.  B  Htetson  Company,  Philadelphia.  Pa.;  E.  M. 

Knox  rompnny,  Brooklyn,  .v.  Y.;  Henry  H.  Roelof 

A  Co..  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
Shirts  und    o/Mrs.— United  Shirt  and  Collar  Company, 

Troy,  N.  Y.;  Van  Zandt.  Jacobs  A  Co.,  Troy,  N.  Y.; 

Cluett,  Peabody  &  Co.,  Troy.  N  Y.;  James  R.  Kaiser, 

New  York  City. 

Printing  and  Publications. 

BooJrb/nders.— Boorum  &  Pease  Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Printing  — Hudi^on.  Kimberley  A  Co.,  printers,  of  Kansas 
Cfly.  Mo.;  W.  B.  Con  key  A  Co..  publishers.  Ham- 
mond. Ind.:  Times,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.; Philadelphia 
Inquirer;  Philadelphia  Bulletin. 

Pottery,  Glass, Stone,  and  Cement. 

Pottery  and  Brici.— Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co.,  of 
f'hicago,  111.;  Corning  Rrlck,  Tile  and  Terra  Cotta 
Company.  Corning,  N.  Y. 

09iziei2t.— Portland  Peninsular  Cement  Company,  Jack- 
son, Mich.;  Utica  Hydraulic  Cement  and  Utica 
Cement  Mfg.  Co.,  Utica,  111. 

Machinery  and  Building. 

GeaeraiHarcfwrare.— Landers,  Frarv  A  Clark,  MiuA  Com- 

gany,  New  Britnin,  Conn.:  Brown  &  Sharpe  Tool 
onipauy.  Providence,  R.  I.:  John  Russell  Cutlery 
Company.  Turner'^  Falls.  Mass.:  Henry  Disston  A 
Co.,  Philadelphia.  Pa.:  New  York  Knife  Company, 
Walden,  N.  Y.;  Ideal  Manufacturing  Company, 
Detroit,  Mich. 

Iron  und  Stee/.— Illinois  Iron  and  Bolt  Companv  of  Car- 
penters ville,  111.;  Casey  A  Hedges,  Cnatlanooea, 
Tenn.;  Lincoln  Iron  Works  (F.  R.  Patch  Manufac- 
turing Company),  Rutland,  Vt.;  Erie  City  Iron 
Works.  Erie.  Ph.;  Singer  Sewing  Machine  Co.,  Elisa- 
beth. N.  J.;  Pittsburg  Expanded  MeUl  Co..  Pitts- 
burg. Pa.;  American  Hoist  and  Derrick  Co.,  St. 
Paul,  Minn.;  Standard  Sewing  Machine  Company, 
Cleveland,  Ohio;  Manitowoc  Dry  Dock  Company, 
Manitowoc,  Wis. 

^9(ovM.— Wrought  Iron  Range  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  United 
States  Heater  Company,  Detroit,  Mich.;  Gumey 
Foundry  Company,  Toronto,  Ont.:  Home  Stove 
Works,  Indianapolis,  Ind.;  Bucks  Stove  and  Range 
Co  .  St.  Louis.  Mo. 


Wood  and  Furniture. 

Bags— Gulf  Bag  Company.  New  Orleans.  La.,  branch 
Bemls  BrotherM.  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Broome  awt  Duetera.— The  Lee  Broom  and  Duster  Com- 
pany, of  Davenport.  Iowa;  M.  Goeller's  Sons,  Cir- 
cleville.  Ohio;  Merkle-Wlley  Broom  Co..  Paris,  III. 

Fbroitiire.— American  Billiard  Table  Companv.  Cincin- 
nati. Ohio;  O.  Wisner  Piano  Company.  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.;  Krell  Piano  Company,  Cincinnati,  Ohio: 
Derby  Desk  Co.,  Boston.  Mass. 

Gold  Benters.— HastingH  and  Co^  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  J  J. 
fCeeley,  New  York  City;  F.  W.  Rauskolb,  Boston, 
Mass. 

Lumber— He\n]e  Bros.  &  Solomon,  Baltimore,  Md.:  St. 
Paul  and  Taooma  Lumber  Company,  Tacoma, 
Waiih.;  Gray's  Harbor  Commercial  Co.,  Cosmopot  is, 
WaHh. 

Le&ther.—Lerch  Bros.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Paper.- Rem inir ton- Martin  Paper  Co.,  Norfolk.  N  Y. 
(Raymond  Paper  Co.,  Raymondsville,  N.  Y. ;  J.  L. 
Krnst  Paper  Co.,  Norwood,  N.  Y.);  Potter  Wall 
Paper  Co.,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 

ir«77 Paper.— William  Bailey  <&  Sons,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

ITatcAas.— Keystone  Watch  Case  Company,  of  Philadel- 
phia. Pa.;  Jos.  Fahy ,  Brooklyn  Watch  Case  Com- 
pany, Sag  Harbor;  T.  Zurbrugg,  Watch  c  ase  C«>m- 
pany.  Riverside,  N.  J. 

Wire  Cloth.—Thoti,  E.  Gleetson,  East  Newarlc,  N.  J.;  Lind- 
say Wire  Weaving  Co..  Collingwood,  Ohio. 

Miscellaneous. 

BiZZ  Posters.— Bryan  A  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio.;   A.  Van 

Ruren  Co.,  and  New  York  BUI  Posting  Co.,  New 

York  City. 
Hot^Xt.— Reddtngton  Hotel,  Wilkesl>flrre,  Pa. 
Aai/ways— Atchison,  Topeka,  and  Santa  Fe  Railroad; 

MlHKOurl,  KaiiKasand  Texas  Railway  Company. 
Telegraphy.— WeHteru  Union  Telegraph  Company  and 

Its  Messenger  Service. 
D.  M.  Parry,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Thomas  Taylor  A  Son,  UUdHon.  Mass. 
C.  W.  Post.  Manuftwsiurer  of  Grape  Nuts  and  PiMtam 

Cereal,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 


STATE  OF  EMPLOYMENT.  MAY,  1907. 
Compiled  by  the  Editor  of  the  American  Pederationlst. 

Of  the  1,018  unions  making  returns  for  May,  1(X)7,  with 
an  aggregate  membership  of  74,800,  there  were  1.7  per 
cent  without  employment.  In  the  preceding  month  788 
unions,  with  a  membership  of  60,Si4,  reported  .6  of  one 
per  cent  unemployed. 


'^J>r,rAfbr4prf(!yJ«^4ofS^a//i„.0ec 

fO 

9                                                  I 

y                                              1 

s 

6    t   T      41 

'    A   ^ 

3          y\                                    J,            U- 

U^^^^       Zt  t 

,     _^w-^  :^/ 

'\        \s/^^_         ^'^ 

Chart  showing  the  repirted  percentage  of  anem- 
ployed  members  of  trade  unlonii  at  the  olose  of  eaoli 
month,  commenoinsTtlanaary,  1906. 

The  heavy  line  lnaloar«s  the  per  oant  for  10O7:  tlie 
light  line  for  1906. 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


501 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT. 
Following  Is  a  Btatement  of  the  receipts  and  ezpen  v< 
tor  the  month  of  May,  1907.    (The  months  are  atbi>- 
▼lated  thus:  J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  etc) 

Balance  on  hand.  May  1, 1907 $116,88  •  ••« 

1.  Traden  assem  Schenectady,  N  T,  tax,  J,  f,  m         2  .  •• 
Central  tradeM   coaneil.  Mobile,  Ala,  tax, 

Jan,  to  and  Inol  dec,  '07 10  i  c 

Federation  of  trades  union,  York,  Pa,  tax, 

J,  f.  m liA^ 

Central  labor  union,  Brooklyn,  N  J,  tax,  J, 

f.m 2  64» 

Central  labor  union,  Indianapolis,  Ind,  tax, 

J,  f,  m 2  61) 

Patternmakers  league,  of  N  A,  tax,  J,  f,  m..        7u  .'^> 

Intl  Jewelry  workers,  U  of  A,  tax,  J,  t  m 9  (K) 

Federal  labor  VXiO,  tax.  may.  $16;  d  t  $16 80  Ou 

Federal   labor   128U0,  tax,  apr,  $2.26;  d   f, 

$2.26 4  60 

Horse-nall  makers  10958,  tax,  apr,  $8.66;  d  f, 

18.65 7  80 

Blootblacks  prut  10176,  tax,  mar,  $2.85;  d  f, 

$2.86 6  70 

E:.  Balouer  photo  engravers,  no  4,  Buffalo, 

N  Y,  bup 1  00 

Egg  innpectors  11264,  tax,  aprll,  $16;  d  f,  $16; 

sup.  $1 81  00 

Laborers  prot  12176,  sup. 10  Oil 

Poultry  and  game  dressers  12477,  sup lU  00 

2.  Trades   and  labor  council,  Poughkeepsie, 

N  Y.  tax,  J,.f,  m 2  60 

Central  labor  council,8eattle  and  vie,  Wash, 

Ux,J.  f,  m,  a,  ra,  J 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Du  Quoin,  111,  tax,  nov, 

»06,  to  and  incl  June 6  67 

Central  trades  council,  Meridian,  Miss,  sup        10  00 
Btone  cleaners,  pointers,  piercers,  and  light 

workers  12478,  sup 1    00 

Railroad  shop  helpers  12179,  sup 10  O* 

Intl  asso  of  marble  workers,  tax,  mar 9  61 

Switchmen's  union  of  N  A,  tax,  apr 47  Oii 

Untied  mine  workers  of  A,  tax,  mar 1,888  97 

Machlnisu  helpers  12418,  tax,  may,  $2.10;  d  f, 

$2.10 4  2 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Kalamazoo,  Mich, 

tax,  n,  d,  '06, 1 2  f-' 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Aurora,  111,  tax, 

J,  f,  m 2  00 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Shreveport,  La, 

tax,  n,  d,  '06,  J 2  60 

Trades  council,  Appleton,  Wis,  tax,  J,  f,  m, 

a,  m,  J 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Hyde  Park,  Mass,  tax, 

n,  d,  '08, 1 2  60 

Central  labor  anion,  Fremont,  Ohio,  tax,  J, 

f,  m,  a.  m,  J „ ^ 6  00 

Central  labor  anion.  Parsons,  Kans,  tax, 

J.  f,  m. « 2  60 

Central  trades  council,  Klttannlng,  Pa,  tax, 

J,  toand  lnclj,'06 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Ticooderoga,  N  Y,  tax, 

J,  f,  m 2  60 

Federal  labor  11828,  tax.  mar,  $1.10;  d  L  $1.10  2  20 

Federal  labor  10964,  tax,  f,  m,  $1.8U;  d  f  $1.80  8  60 

Railroad   transfer  messengers  and   clerks 

11689,  tax,  may,  $1.20;  d  f,  $1.20 2  40 

Machininlsts  helpers  and  laborers  12238,  sup  64 

Htove  mounters  iotl  union,  sup 8  00 

Unitetl  textile  workers  of  A,  sup 63  26 

Hotel  and  restaurant  employes,  etc.  sup 83  40 

Steel  case  makers  11842,  tax,  mar,  $5.05;  d  f. 

$5.05:  sup,  $1 11  10 

Suspender  workers  10093,  sup 16  00 

As!«orters  and  packers  8816,  sup 5  00 

Laborers  prot  8»»79,  sup 2  00 

Decorators,  costumers,  and    badgemakers 

11566,  tax.  f,  m,  $1UI0;  d  f,$1.80;  sup,  76c 3  85 

Federal  labor  12817,  sup 50 

8.  Central  labor  union.  HanoTerand  McSher- 

rystown.  tax,  J,  f,  m 2  50 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Kewanee,  111,  tax, 

J,  rm,a,m,  J ^ 5  00 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Port  Arthur,  Tex, 

tax,  J,  f.  m.  a,  m.  J 5  00 

Trades  and  labor  oonncll,  Peru,  III,  tax,  J.  f. 

m,  a,  m,  1 5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Akron,  Ohio,  tax,  J, 

t  m 2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Wabash,  Ind,  tax.  d. 

•08.  J,  f. 2  50 

Trades  and  lahor  assem,  Ottumwa,  Iowa, 

tax,  J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J 6  00 

Trades  coaoell,  Chlckasha,  Ind  T,  tax.  d, 

•06,  J,  f. 2  60 


THEOUi  REUABLE 


^mm^ 


AiwoliitebrPura 
HAS  m  SUBSTITUTE 

8.  Trades   and   labor  assem,   Marshall tou  n, 

Iowa,  tax,  d,  'C6,  J,  f. -....         f2  :0 

Brushmakers  Intl.  tax,  apr 2  f^ 

Federation  of  labor.  Pope  co.  Ark,  sup 5  OO 

Central  labor  union,  Petaluma,  Cal,  sup S  1 0 

Rubber  workers  12480,  sup 10  OJ 

Stenographers,    typewriters,    bookkeerers 

and  assistants  11697,  tax,  mar,  $1.30;  d  f, 

$1.80 2  69 

Machinists  helpers  12330,  tax,  apr,  $3.15;  d  f, 

$3.15 ; 6  30 

Machinists  helpers  12394,  tax,  apr,  $1.90;  d  f, 

$1.90 :  3  80 

Artesian  well  drillers  and  levermen  10844, 

tax,  may,  $1;  d  f,  $1 2  (0 

Federal  labor  12088,  tax,  a,  m,  $3:  d  f.  $3 6  '  0 

Federal  labor  12863.  tax.  mar.  50c;  d  f.  60c 1  00 

Federal  labor  9636.  tax,  f,  m.  a,  $1.50;  d  f.  $1 .60  ^  0 
Egg  inspectors  8343,  tax,  J,  f,  m.  a,  $3:  d  f,  83..  0    ') 

Machinists  helpers  and  laborers  12298.  bup...  '2\ 

Federal  labor  7231.  tax,  mar,  $2.25;  d  f,  $2.25..  a    0 

Federal  labor  7010.  sup 1  n> 

Interlocking  switch  and  signal  men  11867, 

tax,  apr,  $3.65;  d  f,  $3.66;  sup,  $» J      0 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  11988.  sup 1  <iO 

Electrotype  mold  era  and  finishers  17,  sup....  i:*) 

E  H  McMicbael,  Washington,  D  C i5 

Moving  picture  machine  operators  12370, 

tax.  apr.  $1;  d  f,  $1;  sup,  6O0 2  60 

4.  Central   labor  union,  Waltham,  Nfwton. 

and  Watertown.  N  Y,  tax,  bal  d.  '06,  J,  f, 

m.  and  acct  a,  '07 3  85 

Central  labor  union.  Bellows  Falls,  Vt.  tax, 

J,  f.  m 2  60 

Central  trader  and  labor  council,  Bridgeton. 

N  J,  tax,  f.  m,  a 2  50 

Central  labor  union,  Norwalk,  Ohio,  tax,  a, 

s,  o,  n,  d,  '06,  J 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Hudson  co,  N  J.  tax, 

apr,  '06,  toand  incl  mar.  '07 10  OO 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Belleville,  III,  tax, 

dec.  '06,  to  and  Ind  nov, '07 10  00 

Central  trades  council,  Pittsburg,  Pa,  tax, 

n.  d,'08.J :  2  60 

Federal  labor  12428,  tax,  apr,  65c;  d  f,  65c 1  10 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


502 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Perfect  Health 

In  training  for  tests  of 
strength  and  endurance  the 
temperate  use  of  beer  has 
been  found  advantageous  in 
building  up  the  muscular 
and  nerve  strength  of  the 
body. 
Mi»«  ^any  foods  and  beverages 
#«J!£?**i  are  difficult  of  digestion,  but 

Silver  Top  Beer 

presents  the  greatest  possible 
physiological  economy  in 
nutrition.  Its  food  properties  are  Im- 
mediately utilized  in  producing  normal 
energy. 

Brings   physical   tone  to   athlete  or 
business  man. 

Your  dealer  has  no  substitute. 

Independent  Brewing  Co. 

of  Pittsburg!) 


SAMUEL  SWAN,  Prest  W.  D.  LENT,  Vice-Frcst. 

CHAS.  F.  TOWNER,  Scc»y  and  Trcas. 

THE 

David  B.  Crockett  Company 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

riNE  VARNISH  SPECIALTIES 

WE  are  the  origi- 
nal and  omy 
makers  in  the  world 
of  Genuine  Spar 
Composition,  and 
Nos.  1  and  2  Pre- 
servative. These 
floods  we  have 
manufactured  al- 
most thirty  years, 
by  a  process  exclu- 
siv  ely  our  own,  and  after  a  formula  which  is  an  absolute 
secret  known  only  to  this  company.  As  a  result  we  have  the 
best  materials  ever  used  as  Varnishes.  We  warrant  and  will 
defend  them  against  all  comers. 

OF  LATE  YEARS.  HOWEVER. 

others  have  taken  advantaFC  of  the  popularity  of  our  foods 
to  bring  out  numerous  imitations  which  are  offered  under 
the  same  or  similar  names. 

AwoU  Mil  iueh  as  they  aiv  not  in  the  saae  elMMa  with  our  Gen- 
uine Spar  Composition  and  Nos.  1  and  2  Preservative  in  any 
respect-^nd  in  all  probability  will  crack,  soften,  discolor, 
stick,  peel,  or  otherwise  ruin  interior  or  exterior  finish. 

Please  send  to  us  freely  for  copies  of  our  Architectural 
Hand-Book,  Sample  Boards,  or  samples  of  our  goods. 

If  local  dealers  can  not  supply  you,  send  direct  to— 

THE   DAVID   B.  CROCKETT  COMPANY. 
BrldK*port.  Conn.,  U.  S.  A. 


4.  Inti  glove  workers  of  U  of  A,  tax,  may $4  10 

IntI  bro  of  aiaintenance  of  way  eaiployea, 

lax.  J  f,  m 186  60 

Federal  labor  7179,  tax,  apr.  »2.15:  d  f,  $2.15...  4  80 

Federal  labor  12358,  tax,  mar.  $1.90;  d  f,  $1  90  8  80 

Federal  labor  8189.  lax,  apr,  W:  d  f,  »•■....;.  6  00 

Federal  labor  11796,  tax,  mar,  $2  80;  d  f,  t2.80  4  60 
Clear   factory  tobacco  strippers  8166,  tax, 

apr.  $29.80;  d  f.  129.80 69  60 

Firemen  asso  12270,  tax,  apr,  $5;  d  f,  S5 lu  00 

Hair  spinners  10399,  tax,  aprjjdc;  d  f.76c 1  60 

Park  employes  protasso  11820.  tax,  feb,  $1.45; 

d  f,  $1.46 2  00 

Clay  workers  1^461.  sup 2  60 

liOcal  96,  Intl  bro  electrical  workers,  sap 60 

Furnace  workers  12481.  sap  10  00 

Machinists  helpers  124H2.  sup 10  00 

Porcelain  workers  12483,  sup 10  00 

Moccasin  workers  12484.  sup 10  00 

Wax  and  plu.ster  model   makers  11488,  tax, 

may.OOc;  d  f,  9c»c;8up,  60c 2  80 

Porters  and  shoe  shiners  12448,  tax,  apr,  90o; 

d  f,  90c;  sup.  $1.11 2  91 

Rubber  workers  12420,  sup 8  25 

€.  Trades  council,  Albion,  Mich,  tax,  J,  f.  m 2  60 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Vallejo,  C'al,  lax, 

J,  f,  m 2  50 

Central  labor  union,  Sullivan,  Ind,  tax,  July 

to  and  Incl  June,  '07 10  00 

Central  labor  union,  Milllnocket,  Me,  tax,  d, 

»06,  J,  f 2  60 

Trades  assera.  Norwich,  N  Y.  tax,  J,  f,  m 2  60 

Wood,  wire  and  metal  lathers  Intl.  tax,  may  20  00 

Intl  union  of  steam  engineers,  tax,  f.  m 175  00 

Amal  Wood  workers  lull  union,  tax,o,  n,  d, 

»06,  J.  r.  m 870  76 

United  bro  of  carpenters  and  Jolnerbof  A, 

tax.  mar 932  50 

Laborers  prol  12185.  sup 10  00 

GvuHum  miners  1248«.  sup 10  00 

Federal  labor  11429,  lax.  a.  m,  $1.20;  d  f,  $1.20  2  40 

Federal  labor  12899.  tax,  may,  $1.20:  d  f.  $1.20  2  40 

Federal  labor  8060.  tax.  may,  $3.75:  d   f,  $3.75  7  50 
Tin,  steel,  iron,  and  granite  ware  workers 

10943.  tax.  may.  $6.50;  d  f,  $6.M) 18  00 

Oas  workers  llim.  tax.  m,  a,  $4.50;  d  f,  $4.50  9  00 

Federal  labv>r  12396.  tax,  apr,  fi;  d  f.  $2 4  00 

Federal  labor  7691.  tax.  mar,  $3;  d  f,  $3 6  00 


Federal   labor    9621,  tax,   m,  a,  m,  $1.05: 

d  f,  $1.06 $3  10 

Federal  labor  8806,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  $16.50;  d  f, 

$  6.60 83  00 

Federal  labor  12097,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  $1.85;  d  f, 

$1.85 2  70 

Federal  labor  12287,  tax,  m,  a,  $6;  d  f,  $5 10  00 

Newsboys  prot  9077.  tax,  f,  m.  ajjn 12  00 

Fur  hat  feeders  and  weighers  12260,  tax,  apr, 

$4;  d  f,$4 8  00 

Ship  machinery  and  derrick  riggers  10816 

Ux,  may,  $m  d  f,  $2.70 6  40 

House  movers  and  shorers  12314,  tax,  may, 

76c;  d  f,  76c  1  60 

Utlca  state  hospital  employes  asso  11972, 

tax,  apr,  76c;  d  f,  76c....;. 1  50 

Riggers  prot  11561.  tax.  f,  m,  $10;  d  f,  $10 20  00 

Crown  cork  and  seal  workers  10676,  tax,  apr, 

$8.50;  d  f.  $6.60;  sup,  $2 15  00 

Federal  labor  124u8,  tax,  apr,  $1.50;  d  f,  $4.60; 

sup.  $2.60 11  60 

Fire  dept  employes  asso  10446,  tax,m,  a,  $4; 

d  f,$4;  sup,  60c 8  80 

Laborers  prot  12264,  tax,  o,  n,  d,  '06,  j,  f,  m, 

$10.85:  d  f,  $10.86:  sup.  $2.60 24  20 

Federal  labor  12080,  tax,  apr,  $2.46;  d  f,  $2.46; 

sup,  $1.26 6  16 

Intl  asso  of  bridge  and  structural  iron  work- 
ers..sup 2  75 

United  pearl  workers  12472,  sup 9  00 

Federal  labor  8208,  tax,  a,  m,  $2;  d  f,  $2;  sup, 

$2.f,0 6  50 

Laborers  prot  12469,  sup 8  00 

Federal  labor  9435,  Ux,  may,  $1.20;  d  f,  $1.20; 

sup,  60«'. 2  90 

Federal  labor  12264.  sup 75 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12487.  suo 12  50 

.  Trades  and  labor  council,  E  Palastlne,  Ohio, 

ta^x,J,  f,m 2  60 

Federation  of  labor,  Yonkers,  N  Y,  tax,  J, 

f,  m 2  60 

Machinists  helpers  12403,  tax,  mar.  $1.65;  d  f, 

$1.65 8  80 

Laborers  prot  9105.  tax.  f,  m.  $10;  d  f,  $10 5fc)  00 

laborers  prot  11223,  tax,  mar,  96c;  d  f.  96c 1  90 

Lat>orer8  prot  10215,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  $1.76;  d  f, 

$1  76 8  60 

Federal  labor  9461,  tax,  feb,  $2.60;  d  f,  $2.60...  6  00 

•Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


503 


Aperfe^ 

qio  meet  the  taste  of  all 
users  of  whiskey  this  brand 
is  especially  recom- 
mended. ^Guaranteed  to 
conform  to  the  National 
Pure  Food  Law. 


WRIGHT  &  TAYLOR 

Distillers      -      -      Louisville 


Federal  Ubor  11617,  tax.  f.  m,  a,  15.26;  d  f , 

16.25 »10  60 

American  society  of  plate  engravers  9008, 

tax,  may.  »5o;  d  f,  »6c 1  90 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  12001,  tax,  may, 

flO;  d  f.flO 20  00 

Lead  burners  12880,  tex,  may,  12.60:  d  f,  82.60  6  00 
Rock  drillers  and  tool  sharpeners  12868,  tax, 

apr.  88;  d  f,  13 — 6  00 

Agricultural  workers  11696,  tax,  o,  n,  d,  '06, 

r.  U  m,  88.6J;  d  f,  88.60 7  20 

Agricultural  workers  11887,  tax,  o,  n,  d.  '06, 

'j,  f,  m,  87.'iO;  d  f,  87.60 15  00 

United  neckwear  makers  11016,  sup 1  00 

»uspendermakers  10008,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  88.76; 

d  t,  88.76:  sup,  25c 7  76 

United  neckwear  makers  11016,  sup 16  00 

Central   labor  council,  Butte,  Mont,  tax, 

ang.  '06,  to  and  incl  July,  'U7 10  00 

Trades  as^iem,  Dallas,  Tex,  tax,  d,  '06,  J,  f, 

ra.  a,  m 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Adams,  Mass,  tax.  n, 

d,  '06,  J 2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Manitowoc,  Wis,  tax, 

1.  to  and  incl  d.  '07 10  00 

Maine  state  federation  of  labor,  tax,  o,  n,  d, 

'06,  J,  f,m 5  00 

Federal  labor  12488,  sup 10  00 

Railroad  helpers  and   laborers  11968,  tax, 

may.  81.76;  d  f,  81.75 8  60 

Hat-block  makers  and  helpers  12009,  tax, 

apr,  66c:  d  f,  86c 1  80 

MnchinUU  helpers  12S64,  tax,  apr,  82.60;  d  f, 

12  60 6  00 

Laborers  prot  11002,  tax,  m,  a.  81;  d  f.  81 2  00 

Federal  lal>or  7204,  tax.  apr,  60c;  d  f,  60c 1  20 

Federal  labor  8889,  tax,  may,  88  76;  d  f,  8<.75..  7  60 

Federal  labor  7231 .  tax.  apr,  82.25;  d  f,  r2.25...  4  60 

Federal  labor  8116,  tax.  may,  81;  d  f.  81 2  00 

Federal  labor  T241,  tax,  may,  85c;  d  f,  85c I  70 

Federal  labor  12265.  tax, apr,  81;  d  f,  81 2  00 

Federal  labor  11871.  tax,  m,  a.  82;  d  f .  82 4  00 

Federal  labor  12416,  tex,  apr,  81.20;  d  f.  81 .20..  2  40 

Federal  labor  0365.  tax,  J,  f,  ra,  a,  83;  d  f.  83...  6  CO 
Horse-nail  makers  7180,  tex,  may,  85.25:  d  f, 

86.25 10  50 

Base  ball  makers  10929,  tex,  apr,  66o;  d  f,  65c  1  80 


8.  Nail  mill  employes  9987,  tex,  may,  81.75;  d  f, 

81.7d« 

Fibre  pressmens  9631,  tex,  may,  81.85;  d  t, 

81.86 

Bewer  and  tunnel  workers  7819,  tex,  apr,  88; 

d  f,  88 

Federal  labor  ^770,  tex,  may.  81.60;  d  f,  81.60; 

sup,  81 1 

Laborers  prot  12008,  tex,  at,  m,  82.10;  4  f,  82.10; 

sup.  60c 

Macnine  printers  and  color  mixers  of  U  B, 

tex,  a,  m,  84.66;  sup,  81.90 

Trades  union  label  league,  Albany,  N  T, 

sup 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  O'Fallon,  111,  tex. 

Federal  labor  123Si8up^ 

Horse-nail  makers  7078.  sup „ 

Machiniste  helpers  and  laborers  12288,  sup... 

Machinists  helpers 9718,  sup 

Hair  spinners  12868,  tex,  apr,  40c;  d  f,  40c 

9.  Federated  trades  council,  Sante  Clara  co, 

Cal,  tex,  J,  to  and  incl  dec 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Nashville,  Tenn, 

tex,o,  n,  d,  'u6,  J,  f,  m 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Alton,  111,  tex,  J, 

f,  m 

Machinists  helpers  128U7.  tex,  may,  81.85;  d  f,' 

81.86 - 

Arsenal  machiniste  helpers  12828,  tex,  apr, 

81.65;  d  f.  81.65 

Federal  labor  11006,  tex,  apr,  81.26;  d  f,  81.25.. 
Federal  labor  9068,  tex,  f,  m,  a,  82.40:  d  f.  82.10 
Federal  labor  8806.  tex,  apr,  82.15;  d  f.  82.16... 

Federal  labor  12809,  tax,  may,  40c;  d  f,  40c 

Federal  labor  12058,  tax,  f,  m,  a,  8i^u;  d  f; 

81.80 

Federal  labor  8621,  tex,  d,  '06,  J .  f,  m.  82;  d  f,  82 
Bteble  employes  12882,  tex,  apr,  $1.85;  d  f, 

81.85 

Indurated  fibre  workers  7185,  tax,  apr,  85; 

df,85 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12272,  tex, 

apr,  82.20;  df^82.20 

Bewer  diggers  8662,  tex.  apr,  88;  d  f,  88 

Federal  labor  8588.  tex,  may,  82.75;  d  f,  82.75: 

sup,  50c 

Federal  labor  10279.  tex.  apr,  81.70;  d   f, 

81.70;  sup.  81.85   

Federal  labor  10689,  tax,  apr,  ^96;  d  f,  82.96; 

sup,81 

Federal  labor  10186,  tex,  apr,  83.26;  d  f,  88.25; 

sup.  60c 

Lobster  fishermens  natl  prot  asso,  tex,  m,  a, 

m,  89;  sup,  85.40 

Mineral  water  bottlers  11817,  tex,  may,  82.40; 

d  f,  82.40;  sup.  81.86 

Federal  labor  82^7,  tex.  m.  a,  82.26;  d  f,  82.26; 

sup,  60o 

Federal  labor  11423,  tex,  may,  81UI5;  d  f,  81J)6; 

sup,24c 

10.  Trades  council,  Elgin.  Ill,  tax,  J,  f,  m, 


Trades  council.  Neehah,  >Vls,  1,  f,  m 

Trades  and  labor  assem.  Little  Falls,  N  Y, 

tex,  J,  f,  m 

Federation  of  labor.  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa, 

tex,J,f,  m,  a,  m,  J 

Central  labor  union.  New  London,  Conn. 

tax,  J,  f,  m  i...... 

Federal  labor  12489,  sup «..; 


88  60 
870 

16  00 
400 
4  70 
666 
400 

260 

60 

80  00 

60 

800 
80 

10  00 

600 

260 

2  70 

880 
260 
480 
480 
80 

800 
400 

270 

10  00 

440 
600 

600 

626 

690 

700 

14  40 

666 

6  00 

294 
260 
260 

260  ' 

600 

260 
10  00 


PRENTISS    PflTENT   VISES 


PRENTISS  VISE  COMPANY, 

NEW  YORK.  1 

Digitized  by  VjOOQLC 


S04 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


INDEPENDENT  SALT  CO.  j^ln^st 

BorotigH  or  BrooKlynt  City  of  New  YorK 


549  to  559 

Smith  Street,  Brooklyn 

Telephone  Call,  640  Hamilton 


WAREHOUSES: 


332  East  103d  Street 

Manhattan  Market 

Telephone  Call,  1 1 36-79th  St. 


M 

cCR  E  E  RY 

AND 

COMPANY 

D  R 

Y    GOODS 

Wood  Street  at  Sixth  Avenue 

Pittsburghy  Pa. 

10.  Looomotlve  hostlers  and  helpers  11804,  tax, 

apr,  18.20;  d  f,  $8.20 16  40 

MaohinhiU  helpers  11802,  tax,  apr,  OOo;  d  f, 

00c 1  20 

Ceramic,  mosaic,  and  encaustic  tile  layers 

and  helpers  Inti,  tax,  a,  m 21  07 

Laborers  prot  124^  tax,  apr,  fl.85;  d  f,  f  1.86..  2  70 

Pederal  labor  10405,  tex,  apr,  12.20:  d  f,  82.20...  4  40 

Federal  labor  11866,  tax.  may.  |1;  d  f,  f  1 2  00 

Paper-bag  workers  11767,  tax,  may,  OOo;  d  U 

60c 1  20 

Printers  roller  makers  10688,  tax,  may,  $1.25; 

d  f,  fl.25;  sup,  60c 8  00 

City  flremens  prot  asso  11974,  tax,  apr,  16; 

df,|6 12  00 

Stonemasons  12076,  tax,  apr,  65o;  d  f,  66c; 

snp.  2c 1  12 

Suspender  workers  11204,  tax,  apr,  $1.70;  d  f, 

$l!70;  sup,  $16 19  40 

Machinists  helpers  12470.  tax,  may,  $1;  d  f, 

$1;  sup,  $1.76..?. 8  76 

Federal  labor  12414.  sup. 6  00 

Suspender  workers  10688,  sup 16  00 

Central  labor  union,  Akron,  Ohio,  sup 1  20 

Intlbro  of  blacksmiths,  sup 160  00 

American  bro  of  cement  workers,  sup 10  GO 

11.  Trades  and  labor  council,  Mt  Olive,  111,  tax, 

d,  '06;  J,  f,  m,  a,  m 5  CO 

Trades  and  labor  union.  La  Crosse,  Wis, 

tax.  J.  f,  m 2  50 

Central  labor  union,  Ithaca,  NY,  tax.  J,  f,  m, 

a,  m,  J 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Raleigh,  N  C,  tax,  J, 

f.  m 2  50 

Labor  council,  Houston,  Tex,  tax,  s,  o,  n,  d, 

»06.J,  f. 6  00 

Federal  labor  12490,  sup 10  00 

Central  labor  union,  Galeton,  Pa,  snp 10  00 

Federal   labor  12896,  tax,  m,  a,   $2.46;   d  f, 

$2.46 4  90 

Federal  labor  9878,  tax,  m,  a,  $2;  d  f,  $2 4  00 

Bro  of  painters,  decorators,  und  paperhang- 

ersoi  A,  tax.  apr 802  28 

Stenographers,   typewrite n»,    bookkeepers, 

and  assistants  11773.  tax,  a,  m.  $7;  d  f,  $7...  14  00 
Curbstone  cutters  and  sidewalk  layers  9186, 

tax,  m.  a.  $6;  d  f,  $5 10  00 

Icemens  prot  10176,  tax.  apr,  85c:  d  f,  85c 70 

Planermens  prot  10805,  tax,  m,  a,  $2;  d  f,  $2...  4  00 

Hat  and  cap  sweatband  cutters  118i7,  tax, 

may,  $1.50;  d  f.  $1.50 8  00 

Federal  labor  11449,  sup 60 

Federal  labor  12816,  tax,  $8,65;  d  f,  $8.66;  sup, 

60o. 7  60 


11.  Arsenal  machinists  helpers  12828,  sup $i  lO 

Federal   labor  10190,  tax,  apr,  $6;  d  f,  $6; 

sup,  50c 12  60 

Federal  labor  11429,  tax,  June,  OOo;  df.  60c; 

sup,  60c 1  70 

Coal  miners  12840,  tax,  may, $10.60;  d  f,  $10.60; 

sup.  $1.60 „ 22  70 

Central  trades  and  labor  council,  Kingston, 

N  Y,  Ux,  J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J,  $3;  sup,  60o 6  60 

Federal  labor  12444,  tax,  apr,  $5.^;  d  f.  15  26; 

sup,  $6 16  60 

18.  Central  trades  and  labor  council,  Roanoke, 

Va,  tax,  Jan  to  and  Incl  dec/07....« 10  00 

Central  labor  council,  Alameda  Co,  Cal,  tax. 

sept,U6,  to  and  Incl  apr,  *07 10  00 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Brainerd,  Minn, 

tax,  J,  f,  m,  a,  m ,  aoct  J,  '06 4  60 

Trades  council.  Staunton,  111,  tax,  a,  m,  J.  J, 

a,  s 6  00 

Railroad   helpers  and  laborers  12268,  tax, 

apr,  $1.10;  d  f.Ol.lO 2  20 

Trades  council,  Marshall.  Tex,  tax,  J,  f,  m...  2  60 

IntI  union  of  elevator  constructors,  tax,  apr..         11  64 
American    federation  of    musicians,   tax, 

may 187  60 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Chico,  Cal,  tax,  J, 

f,  m 2  60 

Federal  labor  9614,  tax,  may,  70c;  d  f,  70c 1  40 

Federal  labor  12018,  tax.  may.  $1.25;  d  f,  $1.25..  2  60 

Federal  labor  1178^,  tox,  f,  m,  a,  $1.20;  d  f, 

$1.20 2  40 

Federal  labor  12821,  tax,  apr,  70c;  d  f,  70c 1  40 

Federal  labor  8620,  tax,  may,  $1.80;  d  f,  $1.80..  2  60 

Federal  labor  12858.  tax,  apr,  $2;  d  f,  $2 4  00 

Horse-nail  makers  10582,  tax,  may,$l;  df,$l...  2  00 

Porters  12029,  tax,  f,  m,  a.  $4;  d  f,  $i 8  tO 

Mattress  and  spring  workers  8445,  tax,  may, 

60c;  d  f.OOc I  20 

Fibre  sanders  7296,  tax,  may,$1.15;  d  f.  $1.16..  2  80 

Telephone  operators  10796,  tax,  may,  70c;  d  f, 

,70c 1  40 

Moccasin    and   moccasin  slipper  workers 

12288,  tox.  may,  $2.05;  d  f,  tl.06...... 4  10 

Wire  and  cable  workers96l7,  tax,  m,  a. $10.20; 

d  f,  $10  20 20  40 

Cloth  and  stock   workers  10184.  tax,  mar, 

$2.40:  df.$2.40 4  80 

Bootblacks  11964,  tax,  may,  $1;  d  f,$l;  sup, 

75c 2  76 

Hat  trimmers  11504.  sup Q  00 

Washington  state  federation  of  labor,  sup...  4  00 

Oas  appliance  and  stove  fitters  12482,  sup 6  00 

Baggage  messengers  10167,  sup 60 

Federal  labor  8162,  sup -.^  S  00 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


SOS 


SMOKE... 

J.  G.  Dill's 


Cut  Plug' 

RICHMOND,  VA. 


PATENTSi 


^GUARANTKED.    PATENTS  SBCfUBBD  OB  FEE   RE- 

^TURNED.    Send  model  or  sketch  for  free  report  m  to 

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KVANS.  WILKENS  A  CO^  SIS  F  STREETT.  M^ASHINGTON.  D.  O 


18.  Trades  and  labor  council,  Ogdensbarg,  N  Y, 

tax,  J,  a,  a,  o,  n.  d,  »08 

Federal  labor  12^,  tax,  may,  11.60;  d  f,  $1.00; 

sup.  fL40 

Pole  raisers  and  electrical  assts  12491,  sup 

M.^Trades  assem,  Oneida,  N  Y,  tax,  J,  f,  m,  a, 

mj,  W 

Federated  trades  assem,  Duluih,  Minn,  tax, 

J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J 

Central  labor  union.  New  Britain,  Conn, 

tax,  J,  f,  m,a,  m,  J 

KederHtlon  of  labor,  Geneva,  N  Y,tax,J,f,  m 
Central  trades  and  labor  council,  Ft^mlth, 

Ark,  tax,  J,  f,m „^ «.. 

Federal  labor  11722,  tax,  apr,  $6 JO;  d  f,  $5.80; 

sup,$l 

Fedt*ral  labor  12S85,  tax,  apr,  11.80;  d  f,  $1.80.. 
Agricultural  laborers  11706,  tex,  n,  d,  '06,  J,  f, 

m.  ti;  d  f,  $S 

MonoQgahela  Valley  central  trades  council, 

Cbarlerol,  Fa,  tax,  J,  f,  m 

Telephone  operators  12402,  tax,  apr,  95o;  d  f, 

l»5c «. 

Telephone  operators  12252,  tax,  may,  80c;  d  f, 

80c„ .^ 

Telephone  operators  11498,  tax,  may,  60c;  d  f, 

eoc ^ 

Sallmakers  11776,  tax,  f,  m,  a,  $9;  d  f,  SO 

National  alliance  bill  posters  and  billers  of 

A,  tax,  a,  m,  J 

Intl  union  of  slate  workers,  tax,  apr 

Mail  bag  makers  and  repairers  1U628,  tax, 

may,  $1;  d  f,$l 

Muitlc  engravers  11809,  tax,  april,  $1.70;  d  f, 

$l.7u 

N  Y  transfer   companies  employes     prot 

11824.  tax,  may,  $125;  d  f.$1.25. 

Milkers  8861,  Ux,  apr.  t7.w;  d  f,  $7.60 

Awning  makers  12238,  tax,  f,  m,  $6.40;  d  f, 

$6.40 

Lamplighters  12464,  sup 

Woro(>ns  laborers  prot  11752,  tax,  apr,  $8.95; 

d  f,$8.95;sup,$l 

Machinists  helpers  and  handymens  12492, 

sup 

Wire  drawers  12498,  sup 


Lamplighters  12491.  sup 

Frank  J.  Weber.  Milwauk^,  Wis.  sup 


Bottle  sorters  and  haudlers  11750,  tax,  may, 
90c;  d  f,  90c;  sup,  $1.60 

Federal  labor  87B6,  tax,  m,  a,  $8;  d  f,$8;  sup, 

60c 

.   Ruspendermakers  9560,  sup 

Local  881,  bro  of  painters,  decorators,  and 

paperhangers  of  America,  sup.. 

15.  JeflTerson  co  trades  and  labor  assem,  8teu- 
benvlUeand  vicinity,  Ohio, tax. J.  f.  m 

Labor  and  trades  assem,  Litchfield,  111,  tax, 
J,  f,  m 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Tonopah,  Nev, 
tax,  i^  m.  a 

Central  labor  union,  Newport  News,  Va, 
tax,  J,  f,  m 

Central  labor  council,  Carbondale  and  vi- 
cinity. Pa,  tax.  J,  f,  m «.. 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Centralla,  111,  tax, 
j,f,m,a,  m,J 


16.  Labor  council,  Cadillac,  Mich,  tax.  m,  a,  m..        $2  50 
$5  00  Central  trades  and  labor  assem.  Will  oo.  111, 

tax,a,m,J,J,  a,s,  o.  n.  d,*07 7  60 

4  00  Navy  yard  helpers  12421,  tax,  may,  60c;  d  f; 

10  00  50c: f^ :.! 1  00 

Stave  oilers  and  helpers  12801,  tax,  apr, $2.15; 

6  00  d  f,  &15 .^. 4  SO 

Laborers  prot  12458,  tax,  may,  95c;  d  f,  95c....  1  90 

5  00  Conduit  trench  laborers  ^286,  tax,  f,  m, 

$2  05;  d  f,  $2.05 4  10 

6  00  Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12299,  tax, 

2  60  apr,  $1.25;  df,$1.25 2  60 

Newsboys  prot  12834,  tax,  apr 1  88 

2  60  Federal  labor  12195,  sup 10  00 

Federal  labor  11648,  Ux,  may,  $1.20;  d  f.  $1.20         2  40 

12  60  Federal  labor  12365,  tax,  apr,  $1.05;  d  f,  $1.05..  2  10 

8  60  Federal  labor  8584.  Ux,  apr,  OOo;  d  f,  90o 1  80 

Federal  labor  12012,  tax,  apr,  $2.25;  d  f,  $2.25..  4  50 

6  00  Federal  labor  11990,  Ux,  f,  m,  a,  $1.05;  d  f, 

$1.05 2  10 

2  50  Federal  labor  12879,  Ux.  apr.  40o;  d  f,  40c 80 

Federal  labor  12896,  tax,  June,  $1.15;  d  f,  $1.16         2  30 
1  90  Amal  meat  cutters  and  butcher  workmen  of 

N  A,  Ux,  o,  n,  d,  '06,  J 100  00 

1  60  United  garment  workers  of  A,  tax,  apr 160  00 

CemeUry  employes  10684,  Ux,  may,  $8.25; 

1  20  d  f,$S.J&. ......:. ' 6  50 

18  00  Window  cleaners  12020,  Ux,  f,  m,  a,  m,  $1.40; 

d  f,  $1.40 2  80 

21  00  Spring  and  pocket-knife  makers  12229,  tax, 

15  50  apr.  $6.05;  d  f.  $6.05 12  10 

Stoneware  workers  prot688S,  Ux,  may,  $5.50; 

2  00  d  f,  $5.50 11  00 

Telephone  operators  12468,  Ux,  may,  85c; 
8  40  d  ffsSc !r. 70 

Spring  and  pooketrknife  makers  12808,  Ux, 
2  50  apr,  $1.35:  d  f,  $1.85. 2  70 

15  00  Icemens  9990,  Ux.  m,  a,  $2.50;  d  f,  $2  50 6  0$ 

Metermakers  and  repairers  12284,  tax,  a,  m, 

12  80  $12.80;  d  f,  $12.80 24  60 

10  00  Isinglass  glue  workers  11799,  Ux,  f,  m,  a, 

$1.06:  d  f,  $1.05 2  10 

8  90  Saw  fliers  and  setters  9314,  Ux,  apr,  $2;  d  f, 

$2 4  00 

10  00  Button  workers  prot  12404,  Ux,  apr,  $7.65; 

10  00  d  f,$7.65;  8up,$8.60 18  80 

10  00  Cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  11939,  Ux,  a, 

4  10  m,  r.60;  d  f.r.50 16  00 

Assorters  and  packers  8316,  Ux,  may,  $5.50; 

6  40  d  f,$5.'y0;  sup.  60c U  60 

SuspendprmMkers  10812,  Ux,  m,  a,  m,  $2.85; 
6  60  d  f,  $2.85;  sup,  $16 21  70 

16  00  Badge,  banner,  and  regalia  makers  12249, 

Ux,  a.  m,  J,  $1.65:  d  f,  $1.65;  sup,  75o 4  05 

1  00  Federal  labor  12325,  sup 2  60 

Federal  labor  10185,  sup 1  75 

2  60       16.  Trades  and  labor  congress,  Dubuque,  Iowa, 

ux,j,  f,  m  * 2  50 

2  60  Central  trades  and  labor  assem,  Olens  Falls, 

N  Y,  Ux,  Jan,  to  and  incl  dec,  '06 - 10  00 

2  60  Amal  lace  curUln  operatives  of  A,  Ux.  apr         8  96 

Machinists  and  coppersmiths  helpers  12425, 

2  60  Ux.  balance  of  apr,  65o;  d  f,  65o... 1  80 

Laborers  prot  12256,  Ux,  apr,  $8:  d  f,  $8. 6  00 

2  60  Belt  and  clamp  workers  and  helpers  12490, 

sup 10  00 

6  00  Pearl  workers  12497,  sup s-vr^rrH^ 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


506 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


THE 


COOKS 


BAKING 
POWD£R 

Made  perfect  by  over  forty  years'  experience  in  its 
manufacture.  Guaranteed  under  Food  and  Drugs  Act 
of  June  30»  t906.  Number  2l4i  appears  on  each 
package.  Try  it  and  be  convinced  of  its  superiority 
over  other  brands  in  baking  qualities  and  health- 
fulness.  You  can  always  have  the  best  if  you  insist 
upon  it. 

MANUFACTURED  BY 

BANNER  BAKING  P01¥D£RC0. 
PITTSBVRC»  PA. 


le.  Federal  labor  10190,  tax,  may,  16.25;  d  U  S5.26 
Federal  labor  11478,  Ux«  may,  S2.76;  d  f,  t2.75; 

iup,  %\3b 

Granite  pollabers,  quarry  mens,  and  laborers 

10806,  tax,  apr,  f U5;  d  f.  f  1.86 

Federal  labor  8700,  tax,  apr,  05o;  d  f,  95o 

Federal  labor  1158o,  Ux,  feb,  $2;  d  f,|2 

Federal  labor  12002,  Ux,  apr,  60o;  d  ^  60c 

Federal  labor  12867,  tax,  a,  m,  82;  d  r,82 

Steel  and  copper  plate  cleaners  8810,  tax, 

may,  46c;  d  f.  *3o 

Navy  yard  clerks  and    draftsmens    asso 

12827,  tax,  apr,  87.86;  d  f,r.86...... 

.   Horse-nail  maimers,  p  and  b  6170,  tax,  apr, 

86.25;  df.  86.26 ! ...!. 

Hair  spinners  12347,  tax,  apr,  82.66:  d  f,  82.65.. 

Icemens  prot  12288,  tax,  apr,  84;  d  f.  84 

Soda  andf  mineral  water  bottlers  10S88,  tax, 

may,  81.76;  d  f,  81  76 

Weighmasters  12887,  tax.  apr,  81.26;  d  t,  81.26 

Snspender  workers  \2S2  sup 

Federal  labor  11168,  tax,  may,  84;  d  f,  84;  sup, 

600................ •. 

Federal  labor  0926,  tax,  apr,  76c;  d  f,  76o;  snp, 

60o ..« 

Alnmlnnm  workers  8261,  tax,  may,  818.76; 

d  t,  818.76;  «up.  60o 

17.  Trades  and  labor  coancil,  Victoria,  B  C*  tax, 

J,  f,  m 

Central  labor  nnlon.  Port  Jervis,  N  Y,  tax, 

J,  t  m 

Trades  coancil,  Anderson,  Ind,  tax,  dec,  '06, 

Central  labor  anion,''philadeIpbla^^^ 

J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J 

Intl  stereotypers  andelectrotyt>ers,  tax,  apr 
Federal  labor  11881,  tax,  apr,  C2.56;  d  f,  82  66.. 
Federal  labor  11888,  tax.  may.  81.20;  d  f,  81.20. 
Federal  labor  99ft8,  tax,  may,  82.75;  d  f.  82.76.. 
Federal  labor  8818,  tax,  may,  81.25;  d  f,  81  25.. 

Federal  labor  10486,  tax,  may,  66c;  d  f,  66c 

Interlocking  switch  and  signalmen  11786. 

Ux.  apr,  8J.25;  d  f.  83  25 

Cigar  factory  St  rippers  10227,  tax,  apr,  $1.50; 

d  f,  81.60 „ 

Porters  prot  12344,  Ux,  apr,  82;  d  f,  82 

Ricrgers  prot  10296,  Ux,  apr,  82  26;  d  f,  |2.25; 

sup,  50c 

SUblemens  and  grooms  prot  12015,  Ux,  apr, 

89.20;  d  f,  89.20;  sup,  83.60 :..! 

Cot-nail  workers  7029,  tax.  may,  81.10;  d  f, 

81.10;  sup,  50c „ 

Intl  asso  of   bridge  and  structural   iron 

workers,  sup ^ 

Intl  bro  of  composition  roofers,  damp  and 

waterproof    workers  of  U  8  and    Can, 

Ux,  a,  m,J,815;  sup,  88 

Laborers  prot  12476,  Rup 

Laborers  prot  12485,  sup 

Trades  and   labor  council,  Walla  Walla, 


Wasb,  Ux.  f,  f,m,  a,  m,J..' 
Apsortersand  packerA8H16,  sap.. 


Car  wheel  rooldersand  helpers  11568,  tax,  a, 

m,  85;  d  f,  85;  pud,  83.60 

Laborers  prot  8856,  Ux,  may,  60c;  d  f,  60c; 

sup,  81 

Messenger  t>oy  8  prot  11978,  sup 

Federal   labor  9626,  Ux,  may,  85;   d  f,  86; 

sup,  81 

18.  Federation  of  labor.  Ft  Wayne,  Ind,  Ux,  J, 

f,  m,  a.m,J 


810  60 

676 

270 
1  00 
4  00 
100 
400 

90 

14  70 

12  60 
680 
800 

860 
260 
876 

860 

200 

28  00 

260 

260 

260 

500 
18  99 
6  10 
240 
660 
260 
1  80 

660 

800 
400 

500 

21  90 

2  70 

400 

18  00 
200 
450 

500 


13  50 


220 
7  10 


11  00 
500 


Will  Not  Jar  Out. 
100  Ft.  Ahead  Brilliantly  Lighted. 


Send  for  our  Complete 
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all  about  the  dilTerent 
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Badger  Brass  Mfg.  Co. 

EEKOStU,  WIS.     II  Vsrren  St.,  New  Tort 


18.  Jewelry  and  allverware  oaiemaken  10448, 
four  weeks  asaeivment,  I  T  U.. 


Intl  typographical  nnlon,  Ux,  apr 

Federal  labor  98B^  Uz,  a,  m,  TOo;  d  f.  70c 

Federal  labor  12389,  Uz,  may,  82.20;  d  t,  82.20 
Federal  labor  12064,  Uz,  may,  81.06;  d  f.  81.05 

Federal  labor  12412,  Uz,  Jnne,  82;  d  f.  »2 

Federal  labor  12488,  Uz,  aprU,90o;  d  f,  90o 

Federal  labor  12274,  Uz,  may,  82.16:  d  f,  82.16 
Ropemen,  surfkcemen  and  federal  labor 

12S2,  uz,  apr.  84.50;  d  f.  84.50 

Federal  labor  11887,  Uz,  m,  a,  m,  88;  d  f.  88... 
Snspender  workers  11294,  Uz,   may,  $1.70; 

d  F,  81.70 

.  Newspaper  carriers  12062,   taz,  apr,  82.70; 

Riffgers  prof,  iisilTuz,  *mi^  fe;  d  ir,  85...V.V.7." 
Sail  and  tent  makers  12289,  Uz,  apr,  81.20; 

df.  81.20 ! 

Suspender  workers  8144,   Uz,   may,   81.60; 

d  f.  81.60 

Tobacco  strippers  10422,  Uz,  may,  83.50;  d  f, 

88.50;  sup,  50c 

Federal  labor  12471,  Uz,  may,  82;  d  f,  82; 

snp,  87.75 

Central  labor  union.  Forest  City,  Pa,  sup.... 

Union  de  mlneros  (miners)  12340,  snp 

Intl  bro  of  papermakers,  sup 

Suspendermakers  9480.  sup 

Amal  asso  of  street  and  electric  railway  em- 
ployes of  A,  sup 

Car  wheel  molders  and  helpers  10710,  sup 

Demijohn  coverers  12498,  sup 

Federal  labor  (colored)  12499,  sup 

20.  Federated  trades  and  labor  council,  Fresno, 

Cal,  Uz,J,  f.  m,  a,  m 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Focatello,  Idaho, 

Uz,  o,  n.  d,  »06,J,  f,  m 

Central  labor  union,  Derby,  Conn,  Uz,  o, 

n,  d,  »06 

Central  labor  union,  Blnghamton,  N  7,  taz, 

d,  »06,  J,  f 

Contra  CosU  county,    Cal,  labor  oouncll, 

Uz,J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J 

Central  labor  union,  Warren,  Pa,  Uz,  d,  'C6, 


Federal  labor  8002,  taz,  apr, 

Digitized  " 


by\^t^gte 


88  40 
212  68 
140 
4  40 
2  10 
400 
180 
480 

900 
600 

840 

640 
10  00 

240 

800 

760 

11  76 

65 

100 

800 

760 

22  20 

760 
10^  00 
10  00 

6  00 

600 

250 

250 

500 

260 
600 

FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


507 


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Condensed  Milk 

NOT  A  CHEAP  MILK,  but  always  safe  and  reliable  for 
babies.  Guaranteed  under  the  Food  and  Drug  Act> 
June  30,  1906.    Serial  No.  3269. 

Best  for  Family  Use 

Good  today — Tomorrow — All  the  Time 

ALWAYS  THE  SAME 

Write  for  Booklet 

SAVE  THE  LABELS 

Try  a  Can  Do  it  Now 

91  HUDSON  ST„  Dept.  W, 


90.  MachlDlati  helpers  128M,  tax,  may,  12.25: 
df;$i2) ^ 

Federal  labor  10919,  Ux,  may.  12.65;  d  f.  92.86 

Patteramakera  leagae  of  N  A,  tax,  apr 

BotUe  cap,  oork,  and  etopper  worken  10875, 
sap ««« 

^crap  Iron  workers  12500,  sap 

on  and  gas  well  workers  12004,  tax,  apr,  96; 
d  f^  96 « .^.. 

Oil  and  MB  well  workers  12010,  tax,  a,  m, 

98^  dT,98jo ;. :..7 ...: 

Metal  bed  workers  12419,  Ux,  apr,  91.50;  d  f, 

91.50 

Ball  stltobers  12r.71,  tax,  apr,  91.35;  d  f,  91.25 
Plpecaalkers  and  repairers  prot  11465,  tax, 

may,  93.80;  d  f,  98.80^ „ WJ. 

Cooks  and  waiters  10068.  tax,  may,  911.60; 

d  f,  911J50 :Z 

Hospiui  employes  asso  10725,  Ux,  d,  1)6,  J,  f, 

m,  a,  m,  $17.60;  d  f,  917.60 

Cork  workers  prot  190^.  tax,  may,  92;  d  f,  92 
Federal  labor  12426,  Ux,  bal  of  apr,  91.26;  d  f, 

91.25;  sap,  96  

oil  and  gas  workers  12107,  tax,  apr,  96.66;  d  f, 

96.55:  sap,  60o  

Robber  workem  12420,  Rup 

Federal  labor  12817,  Ux.  apr,  92;  d  f,  92;  sop, 

75c 

MachlnlsU  helpers  124''8.  sap 

Local  262,  Intl  typographical  union,  sup 

Federal  labor  12488,  tax,  ja  e,  91.80;    d   f, 

91J0;  sap,  9^.25 

Federal  labor  12437, 

,  >ap.  W. 

Laborers  prot  9558,  tax,  may,  91.60;  d  f,  94.60; 

•ap.  92.CiO 

HoaplUl  employes  107«8,  sap 

Federal  Ubor  12-501,  sup 

Federal  labor  11624.  sop „ 

Spring  and  pocket-knife  makers  12272,  sup 
n.  Central  labor  anion,  8an  Jaan,  P  R,  Ux, 

Jane,  'OO,  to  and  incl  mav,  »07.. 
King  CO  labor  council,  uanfo 

o.  n.  d. '06.  J.  f.  m 

Rallroed  helpers  and    laborers  12260,  tax, 

,  apr.  92.20;  d  f.  92.20 ! 

InU  shingle  weavers  union  of  A,  Ux,  f,  m,  a 
Federal  labor  12102,  Ux,  may,  911  50;  d  f. 

911.60 

Federal  labor  68^)4,  Ux,  apr,  75o:  d  f,  75c 

Utlca  sUte  hosplUl  employes  asso   11972, 

Ux,  may,  76c;  d  ^750 

^2Sf£?*^f  *r*ER«i;?  ^***'  ^*'  °» ^»  '^»  J»  ^«  ™» 

994.75;  d  f,  984.76 

OranlU  workers  9280,  Ux,  may,  91.40;  d  f, 

Wephone'operatoraliMb^^^^ 
Wc 


,  tax,  apr,  91.60;  d  f,  91.60; 


ianford,  Cal,  Ux, 


31.  Dock  baUders  13429,  Ux,  apr.  916:  d  f.  916 980  00 

94  60             Needlemakers  11488,  tax,  apr,  91.86;  d  f,  91  85  2  70 

6  80  City  flremens  prot  asso  11481,  tax,  may,  916; 

24  00                di;916. 80  00 

Oork  workers  prot  12062,  amount  in  treasury 

1  00               turned  over  to  A  F  of  L 68  40 

10  00  Agrioultural  workers  11941,  Ux,  o,  n,  d,  HW, 

J.  f,  m,  a.  93  50;  d  f,  98  60 7  00 

12  00  Porters  11662,  Ux,  apr,  91.60;  d  f,  91.60;  sap, 

91 4  00 

17  60            Street  oleanlns  employes  13474,  sup 2  60 

MachlnlsU  helpers  12846,  tax,  may,  |2;  d  f, 

8  00                92 4  OO 

2  60            Mineral  water  bottlers  11817,  sup 16  OO 

Tobacco  strippers  12602,  sup 10  00 

7  60             Trades  assem,  Joplln.  Mo.  sup.... 10  00 

22.  Trades  council,  Marinette,  wis,  and  Men- 
28  00  ominee,  Mich,  Ux,  feb,  *06,  toand  Inol  July, 

•07 16  CO 

86  20  MachlnlsU  helpers  9718,  Ux,  may,  94.60;  d  f, 

4  00                 94.60 ., 9  00 

MachlnlsU  helpers  and  laborers  12288,  tax, 

8  60                may,  9^.60;  d  f.  92,60 5  20 

Laborers  prot  9512,  fax,  m,  a,  92;  d  f,  92 4  00 

18  60  West  Virginia  sUte  federation  of  labor,  tax, 

6  00                may,  '06,  toand  Incl  apr,  '07 10  00 

Pennsylvania  sUte  federation  of  labor,  tax, 

4  76                J.  f»  m 2  60 

2  00             Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12508,  sup 10  00 

50             Natl  fed  of  post  office  clerks,  Ux,  m,  a,  m...  IS  60 

Paving  cutters  of  U  8  A  and  Can,  tax,  m,  a  17  22 

6  86             Intl  ladi«*s  garment  workers,  Ux,  f.  m,  a 82  6ft 

Federal  labor  11881,  Ux,  may,  92;  d  f.  92 4  00 

6  00             Federal  labor  8720.  Ux.  apr,  |l.aS;  d  f.  91.36...  2  70 

Federal  labor  12222,  Ux,  bal    may,  916;  d  f, 

11  60                916 80  00 

1  00             Federal  labor  10977,  tax,  a,  m.  J.  98;  d  f,  98 6  00 

10  00             Federal  labor  11845.  tax,  m,  a,  19.76:  d  f,  99.75  19  60 

2  00             Mosaic  workers  8145,  tax,  J,  f,  m,  95;  d  f.  95  10  00 
60             Mechanics  helpers  12415,  ux,  apr,  91.60;  d  f. 

91.60 8  20 

10  00  Lime  trimmers  11885,  Ux,  f,  m,  a,  m,  91.40; 

d  f.  91.40 2  80 

6  00  Suspender  workers  11261,  tax,  may,  40c;  d  f, 

10^          ^^^          gQ 

4  40             MillraensprotioioVi't^^^^^  6  OO 
16  48             Bottle  cap,  oork  and  stopper  workers  10875, 

sup 2  60 

28  00             Gas  workers  12461,  sup 1  60 

1  60  Lamplighters  12406,  Ux,  a,  m.  |8;  d  f,  98;  sup, 

25c 6  26 

1  50             Mechanics  helpers  12416,  sup 2  00 

Bleachery  dye  workers  helpers  12006,  Ux, 

69  60  apr,  f6:  d  f.  95:  sup,  91 11  00 

Federal  labor  10629,  Ux.  may.  96.60;  d  f.  96.60; 

2  80  sup,60c 11  60 

Federal  labor  12825.  Ux.  sept,  95;  d  f.  9^;  sup, 

Digitized  by 'GrOOQlC 


508 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


22. 


28. 


USE 

Kitcbel'A 
Lipimept 

For  Rheumatism, 

Sprains,  Bruises,  Aches 

and  Pains. 

It  is  one  of  the  best 

external  liniments  sold 

for  man  or  beast. 

It  relieves  pain  like 

magic. 

Sold  by  Drujjgists. 

».  B.  Kitcbei 

Coldwater,  HIch. 


24. 


Curb  setteisl^^.  sup |0  24 

Inil  as80  of  for  workers  of  (J  8  and  Can, 

tax,  a,  m,  f  I;  sup,  $1.02 6  02 

United  trades  and  labor  council,  Paterson, 

N  J,  tax,  ].  r,  m,  a,  m,  1 6  oo 

Federated  trades  and  labor  council,  Boise, 

Idaho,  tax,  m,  a,  m.  J,  J.  a 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Atbol,  Mass,  tax,  f,  m, 

a.  m.J.  J 6  00 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Oelweln,  Iowa,  tax, 

m,  a,  m 2  60 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Plattaburg,  N  Y, 

tax,  d,  '06,  J,  r,  m,  a,  m 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Wausau,  Wis,  tax,  f, 

m.  a 2  60 

Michigan  state  federation  of  labor,  tax.  Jan, 

»06,  to  and  incl  mar,  »07 12  60 

Amal  meal  cutters  and  butcher  workmen 

of  N  A,  tax,  f,  m.  a 72  15 

Tobacco  workers  Intl  tax,  o,  n,  d,  '06, 1,  f,  m,  a  187  56 
Federal  labor  11161,  tax,  may,  91.25;  d  f,  $1.26  2  60 

Intl  union  shipwrights.  Joiners  and  caulkers 

of  A.  sup 1  00 

Intl  union  shIpwrigbt8,Jolners  and  caulkers 

of  A,  tax.  f.  m,a 80  77 

Plumbers  laborers  and  sewer  pipe  layers 

W46,  sup  1  00 

Federal  labor  11006.  tax,  may,  91.25;  d  f,  9i.26  2  50 
Federal  labor  8306.  tax,  may,  92.50;  d  f.  92.60..  5  CO 

Federal  labor  12332,  tax.  apr,  85c;  d  f,  86c 70 

Federal  labor  12335.  tax,  a,  m,  93;  d  f,  93 6  00 

Federal  labor  ai64,  tax,  may,  91.80;  d  f,  91.80...  8  60 

Federal  labor  12018,  sup 100 

Flat  Janitors  12361,  tax,  apr,  91.75;  d  f,  91.76..  3  50 

Qas  workers  11633,  tax,  apr,  91.05;  d  f,  91.05...  2  10 

Gas  workers  »640.  tax.  may,  914  75;  d  f,  914.75  29  60 
Jewelry  and  silverware  oasemakers  1U448, 

tax.  may,  97.50;  d  f,  97.60 16  00 

Bewer  Inspectors  12881,  tax,  may,  91.50;  d  f , 

91.60 8  00 

Moving  picture  operators  12877,  tax,  apr,  93; 

d  f,  93 6  00 

Hugar  workers  10519,  tax,  may,  912.50;  d  t, 

912.60 25  00 

Coffee,  spice,  and  baking  powder  workers 

9605,  tax.  o,  n,  d,  *06,  93.45;  d  f,  93.45 6  90 

Hospital  employes  10088,  Ux,  apr.  9:i.l0;  d  f, 

98.10 6  20 

Btreet  railroad  construction  workers  12266, 

Ux,  f.  m.  a.  939;  d  f,  93»  78  00 

Quarry  workers  intl  anion  of  N  A.  sup 3  10 

Federal  labor  8217,  tax,  may,  92;  d  f,  92;  sup, 

92.25 6  25 

Assortersand  packers 8316, sup 5  00 

Local  79  quarry  workers  union  of  N  A.  sup..  2  50 

Central  labor  union,  Mllllnocket,  Me,  tax, 

m,  a,  m 2  50 

Trades  and  labor  congress,  Atchison,  Kans, 

tax,  a.  m,J,  J,  a,  s 5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Delaware,  Ohio,  tax,  J, 

f,  m 2  50 


50  Tears'  Test  Proves 

HUNTER 
RYE 


BEST 


Sold  at  all  first-class  cifes,  and  by  jobbers. 
WM.  LANAHAN  &  SON  Baltimore, Md. 


24.  Trades  council,  Murphysboro,  111,  tax,  Jan, 

to  and  incl  dec 910  00 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Daren  port,  Iowa, 

tax,  a,  m,  J 2  60 

Grays  Harbor  trades  and  labor  council,  Ab- 
erdeen, Wash,  tax,  J,  f.  m 2  50 

Central  trades  council,  Bay  City,  Mich,  tax, 

J,  f,  m 2  60 

Trades  council,  Marsball,  Tex,  tax,  a,  m.  J...  2  60 

Trader  council,  8alem,  Ohio,  tax,  oct^  '05,  to 

and  incl  mar. '07 16  00 

Federal  labor  11185,  tax.  may,  91;  d  f.  91 2  00 

Table-knife  grinders  natl  union  of  N  A,  tax, 

m.a 8  12 

Hotel  and  restaurant  employes  intl  alliance, 

etc,  apr 179  75 

Amal  asso  of  street  and  electric  railway 

employes  of  A,  tax,  mar 160  00 

Municipal  ferry  employes  12504.  sup 10  00 

Federal  labor  7010,  tax,  may,  75c:  d  f,  75c 1  60 

Opaque  shade-cloth  makers  I28;j7,  tax,  may, 

65c;  d  f,  66c 1  90 

Lastmakers  9771,  tax,  a.  m,  91.80;  d  f,  94.80 9  60 

Bootblacks  prut  11623,  tax,  may,  90c;  d  f .  90c  1  80 

Waste  handlers  8964,  tax,  f,  m.  91;  d  f,  91..:.  2  00 

Pile  drivers  12094,  tax,  may,  91.50;  d  f.  91-60 8  00 

Laborers  prot  12256.  sup 6  00 

Federal  labor  11862,  tax,  may,  91.60;  d  f.  91.60; 

sup.  30c 8  80 

Electrical  workers  and  linemen  9001,  tax,  d, 

*06,  ],  f.  m.  a,  m.  92.70;  d  f,  92.70;  sup,  25c 6  66 

Federal  labor  11651,  tax,  mar,  91.90;  d  f,  91.90; 

sup,  50c 4  80 

Dye  house  emploves  12478,  sup 8  00 

Federal  labor  8116,  sup 50 

25.  Central  labor  union,  Batavia,  N  Y,  tax,  J, 

f,  m ...! 2  SO 

Ropemakers  and  helpeis  12819,  tax,  may. 

92.90;  d  f.  92  90 6  80 

Interior  freight  handlers  and  warehouse- 

mens  Intl  of  A.  tax.  f,  m,  acct  a 83  76 

Federal  labor  12895,  tax,  may.  92;  d  f.  92 4  00 

Federal  labor  8388,  tax,  may,  91;  d  f.  91 2  00 

Federal  labor  9650,  tax,  may,  96.50:  d  f,  96.60..  18  00 
Federal  labor  12414,  tax,  may.  91.70;  d  f,  91.70  8  40 

Egg  Inspectors  9280,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a,  92^; 

d  f,  92.60 «..  6  00 


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FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


509 


ERNEST     SINGER 

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CLOTHING 

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The  double  guarantee  of  strictly  one  price  or 
money  refunded  on  any  unsatisfactory  pur- 
chase goes  with  every  sale  we  make     ::     :: 

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ParK  (4th)  Ave.,  32d  and  33d  Sts. 
New  TorK  City 

THE  PARK  AVENUE  can  be  reached  for  one  fare  bv  electric 
cars  from  all  railroad  stations,  ferries  and  steamship  piers. 
Within  easy  access  of  the  great  shopping  district,  theatres 
and  all  places  of  amusement  and  interest. 

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First-class  Accommodations  at  Moderate 
Prices.      Cuisine  and  Service  Unsurpassed. 

REED  ft  BARNETT,      Proprietors 


aSi.  Stablemens  prot  10800.  tax,  m,  J,  J,  93;  d  f,  |8 
Boale  workers  prot  7502,  tax,  apr,  99.80;  d  f, 

Emmettasso  of  rook  drlliers  and  tool  sharp^ 

eneri  11808,  tox,  apr,  121.50:  d  f.  921.60 

Watch  finishers  asso  10454,  tax,  a,  m,  92,  d  f, 

92 

Teachers  12407,  tax,  m,  a,  90o;  d  f,  90o 

Carriage  and  wagon  workers  Intl,  sup.^....... 

Laborers  prot  12i80,  tax,  acct  apr,  92;  d  f,  $2; 

sup.  912.11 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Hammond,  Ind, 

tax,  f.  m.  a,  92  60;  sup,  60c 

Federal  labor  11624,  tax.  mar,  98  85;  d  f,  98.86 
27.  Central  trades  and  labor  council.  Arkansas 

city,  Kans,  tax,  Jan,  '06,  to  ana  incl  June, 

'07 „ 

Central  labor  union,  Maiden,  Mass,  tax,  f, 

m,  a. 

Machinists  helpers  and  laborers  12298,  tax, 

apr,  92.25;  d  f,  92.25 

Trades  council,  Ann  Art>or,  Mich,  tax,  J, 

f,  m 

Federal  labor  12505,  sup. 

Central  labor  union,  Washington,  D  C,  tax, 

t.  m,  a.... 

Intl  bro  of  stationary  firemen,  tax,  I,  f,  m.... 
Federal  labor  6097.  tax,  June,  93.25:  d  f.  98.25.. 
Federal  labor  11440,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  96:  d  f,  96... 
Highway  laborers  12324,  tax,  may,  92.05;  d  f, 

W.06 

Lehr  tenders  and  shove  boys  7588,  tax,  a,  m, 

J,  96;  d  f,  96 .?.....! 

Hairsplnners  prot  12858,  tax,  may,  92.40;  d  f. 

Municipal  water-pipe  layers  12357,  tax,  aprj 
92.50;  d  f,  92.60 „ 

Steel  case  makers  11842,  Ux,  apr,  95.06;  d  f, 
95.05 

Pipe  caulkers  12088,  tax,  may,  85o;  d  fr85c-... 

Tobacco  strippers  12439,  tax,  apr,  91.70;  d  f. 

Cloth  and  stock  workers  10184,  tax,  apr.^iVo; 

d  f.  92.40. ....:... 

Rubber  workers  12420,  tax,  may,  910.40;  d  f, 

910  40 ! ; 

Bootblacks  prot  10175,  tax,  apr,  92.90;  d  f, 

92.90 

Cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  8156,  tax. 

may,  930:  d  f,980 

Grays  Hart>or  pile  drivers  12088,  tax,  m,  a, 

m.  93.90:  d  f,  93.90;  sup,  91.60 ....I 

Intl  shingle  weavers  union  of  A,  sup 

Journeymen  barbers  intl  union  of  A,  sup.... 
Intl  union  of  the  united  brewery  workmen. 

sup 

Federal  labor  12900,  tax,  may,  92.25;  d  f,  92.25; 

sup.  91 

Federal  labor  12489,  sup 

Agricultural  prot  12006,  tax,  f,  m,  92.50;  d  f, 

92.60;  sup.  60c 

Federal  labor  11969,  tax,  apr,  85c;  d  f,  35c; 

sup,  7.5c 

Federal  labor  12858,  sup 

Machinist  helpers  and  laborers  12506,  sup.... 
21.  Trades  and  labor  council,  Du  Bols,  Pa,  tax, 

f,  m,a.  ro.J.J 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Marissa,  Ills,  tax, 

J.  t  m « 


96  00 

19  60 

48  00 

400 
180 
240 

16  11 

800 
17  70 

16  00 

260 

460 

260 
10  00 

260 

150  00 

660 

12  00 

4  10 

12  00 

480 

500 

10  10 
1  70 

840 

480 

20  80 

680 

60  00 

980 

21  60 

40 

15  00 

550 
1  26 

550 

145 
500 
14  80 

500 

260 

28. 


29. 


Trades  and  labor  assem,  Galesburg,  Ills,  tax, 

J,f;m « 

Central  labor  union,  Lynn,  Mass,  tax,  f,  m. 

Federated  trades  and  labor 'council,  San 

Diego,  Cal,  tox,  J,  f,  m 

Federal  labor  8248.  tax,  f,  m,  98;  d  f,  9S. v  w 

Intl  asso  of  marble  workers,  tax,  a,  m 20  02 

United  bro  of  leather  workers  on  horse 

goods,  tax,  f,  m,  a 

United  neckwear    cutters  6989,   tax,  apr, 

93.75;  d  f,  98.75 

Interlocking  switch  and  signalmen  11867, 

tax,  may,  98.65:  d  f,  98.66 

Gas  workers  12427,  tax,  may,  50c;  d  f,  50c 

Hat  dyers  and  helpers  12215,  tax,  m,  a,  98; 

d  f.  W 

Ship  drillers 9087,  tax,  d,  '00,  J,  f,  m,  95;  d  f,  96 
Horse-nail    makers    10953,  tax,  may,  93.10; 

d  f,  93.10;  sup,  55c 

Federal  labor  12446,  tax,  may,  91;  d  f,  91 

Federated  trades  and  labor  council,  Nampa, 

Idaho,  sup 

Trades  council,  Marion,  Ills,  tax,  J,  f,  m,  a, 

m,J * 

Trades  assem.  Ft.  Edward,  N  Y.  tax,  J,  J,  a.. 
United  powder  and  high  explosive  workers 

of  A,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d,  '06, 918.80;  4  weeks, 

ITU,  assess,  918.40 --  ^ 

Cigar  makers  Intl  union  of  A,  tax,  feb 199  64 

New  Hampshire  state  federation  of  labor, 

tax,  J.f,  m 

Machine  chain  assemblers  12607,  sup 

Laborers  prot  12384,  tax,  apr,60c;  d  t,  50o 

Trades  and  labor  congress,  Dubuque,  Iowa, 

tax,  apr,  to  and  incl  dec,  '07 

Laborers  prot  12224,  tax.  m,  a,  91.95;  d  f,  91.95 
Machinist  helpers  12330,  tax,  may,  93.20;  d  f, 

93.20 

Federal  labor  11828,  tax,  apr,  91.10;  d  f,  91.10.. 
Federal  labor  7187,  tax.  mar,  91.25;  d  f,  94.25... 
Porcelain  workers  12312.  tax,  may,  91.06;  d  f, 

91.05 

Stenographers,ty  pe  writers,book  keepers  and 

assts  11597,  tax,  apr,  91.70;  d  f,  91.70. 


92  60 
500 


2  60 
6  00 


60  00 
760 


7  80 
100 


6  00 
10  00 


6  75 
2  00 


500 


5  00 
2  50 


82  20 


2  60 
10  00 

1  00 

760 
890 

6  40 
220 
860 

2  10 

840 

28  80 
200 

90  00 

60 

1  00 

1  06 


Cloth  examiners  and  spongers  11680,  tax,  a, 

and  acct  m,  911.90;  d  f,  911.90 

Buttonmakers  prot  7181,  tax,  a.  m,  91:  d  f,  91 
Newspaper  and  mail  deliverers  946s,   tax, 

mar,  915;  df,945 

Machinist  helpers  12182,  sup 

Jos  Dishue,  Strawn,  Tex,  sup 

Federal  labor  12011,  sup 

Federal  labor  8367,  tax,  a,  m,97;  d  f.  97;  sup, 

25c ...? 14  26 

Gas  workers  10678,  tax,  m,  J,  910;  d  f,  910; 

sup,  92 22  00 

Bottle  cap,  cork  and  stopper  workers  10875, 

tax,  may.  910;  d  f,  910;  Pup,  91 21  00 

Furnace  workers  12481,  sup 8  50 

Sewer  inspectors  12881.  sup  .. 64 

81.  Central  labor  union,  Keene,  N  H,  tax,  d,  '06, 

J.  f,  m,  a,  m 5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Marcellne,  Mo,   tax, 

J,  J.  a 2  50 

Central   lat>or  union,   Chattanooga,  Tenn, 

tax,  J,  f,  m 2  50 

Central  labor  union,  Chelsea,  Mass,  tax,  ^ 

'•  "•  "•  ""•  J'  •• Dig¥zed"by\3-OOgfe 


510 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


31.  Trades  and  labor  oouncll,  Honolulu,  H  I, 

tax,  m,  a,  m  J.  J,  a $5  00 

Trades  and  labor  aasem,  JacluonviUe,  Ills, 

tax,  f,  m,  a ^ 2  fiO 

Central  labor  union.  Holyoke,  Mass,  tax, 

f,  no,  a. 2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Evansyllle,  Ind,  tax, 

Jan,  to  and  Incl  dec 10  00 

MacbiniiitH  helpers  12418,  tax,  June,  92.10;  d  f, 

•2.10 ! !  4  20 

Water  pipe  extension  laborers  12008.  tax, 

m,  a,  lio:  d  f,  110 „ 20  00 

Laborers  prot  10206,  tax,  a,  m,  f6;  d  f,  f6....  10  00 
Illinois  state  federation  of  labor,  noT,  'Oil,  to 

and  Incl  oct,  *07 10  00 

Ohio  state  federation  of  labor,  tax,  n,  d,  '06, 

J,  f,  m,  a ^ „ 6  00 

North  Carolina  state  federation  of  labor,  tax, 

n,  d,  'WJ,  J.  f.  m,  a. 6  00 

Missouri  state  federation  of  labor,  tax,  feb, 

»07,  to  and  Incl  Jsn,  »08 10  00 

United  mine  workers  of  A,  tax.  apr 1,278  dO 

Intl  bro  of  electrical  workers,  tax,  apr 166  00 

Amal  asso  of  iroq,  steel,  and  tin  workers  of 

U  8,  tax,  a,  m..... 100  00 

Federal  labor  10689,  tax.  tnay,  82.40:  d  f,  82.40..  4  80 

Federal  labor  6098,  tax,  mar,  60o;  d  f.  60o 1  00 

Elevator  conductors  and  starters  11060,  tax, 

apr.  86;  d  f;  86 10  00 

Newsboys  prot  10414,  tax,  a,  m 80 

Horse-nail  makers  9656,  tax,  may,  82.06;  d  f, 

82.06 M.M , 4  10 

Stenographers  a8So"'i2inbV*ta'xV'ju'ne,'8te;*' 

860 «...^  70 

Quarry  workers  Intl  union  of  N  A,  sup ».  6  20 

LiOOomotlTe  hostlers  and  helpers  11944,  tax, 

apr,  81.60;  d  f,  81.60;  sup.  76c .;. 8  76 

Assorters  and  packers,  8816,  sup 6  00 

Marble  mosaic  workers  8800,  sup 1  25 

Newsboys  prot  10141,  sup 6  00 

Newsboys  prot  10141,  tax,  June,  81.70;  sup,  86..  7  70 

Small  supplies 8  24 

Advertisements  Am  Fed 1,864  10 

Subscriptions  Am  Fkd........ „ 160  75 

Premiums  on  bonds „..  02  25 


EXPENSES. 


8180,102  28 


1.  One  month's  rent,  Geo  G  Seibold,  secy 

Organizing  expenses,  Cat  Wyatt,  8100;  John 

Coleman,  86:  John  W  Duff,  86;  Noah  H 

Kelsey.  810;  A  A  Famsworth,  810 

Translating,  Louis  Faber 

2.  1,000  2-c  stamps,  P  O  dent 

Organizing  expenses,  W  E  MoEwan,  810;  M 

J  Noonan,  8527 

Printing  20  sets  of  numbers,  1  to  100,  The 
Friedman  Print 

Expenses  cleaning,  refhiming,  and  boxing 
exhibit  for  Jamestown  exposition,  W  H 
Cooper « 

Organizing  expenses,  Arthur  L  Brown 

8.  Organizing  expenses.  Frank  U.  McCarthy... 
4.  Organizing  expense  s,  Richard  Braunsch- 
weig, 8100;  John  A  Flett,  8100:  E  T  Flood, 
81(0;  M  G  Hamilton,  8100;  H  Robinson! 
8100;  Jacob  Tazelaar.  8100;  C  O  Young,  8100; 
A  E  Holder.  81C0;  W  C  Hahn,  8100;  A  H 
Garfleld.  842.50 

Expenses  Jamestown  exhibit,  C  P  Con- 
nolly  

6.  Organizing  expenses,  H  M  Walker,  860;  J 

D  Pierce,  8^50 

7.  1,1002-n  stamps,  1.200 1-c  stamps,  P  O  dept 

Organizing  expenses,  J  D  Pierce 

Attorney  fees,  H  Wlnshlp  Wheatley 

Organizing  exnenses,  T  H  Flynn 

8.  Cleaning  windows  and  doors,  L  L  Cahoon 
window  cleaning  co.. 


2,000 l-CAtamps,  POdept 

Flooring  space  for  exhibit  at  Jamestown  ex- 
position, C  P  Connolly 

Packing  and  shipping  case  to  Jamestown 
exposition  from  New  York,  Brunswlck- 
Baike-Col lender  co , 

Organizing  expenses,  Theodore  Herbert, 
810;  David  Kreyling,  810;  John  F.Scbmltt, 

9.  Subscription  to*'Wa8hin^ 

10,  '06  to  Julv  81,  '07,  Wsrren  A  Warren 

1  typewriters  desk.  Smith  Premier  Type- 


writer co 

Ice,  apr,  Columbia  Ice  co 

26,600  envelopes,  Buflkilo  Envelope  co.. 


8175  00 

180  00 
220 
20  00 

87  00 

660 


29  00 
500 
64  25 


942  50 

100  00 

100  00 

84  00 

75  CO 

6  00 

60  00 

700 
20  00 

800  00 


460 

80  00 
8  01 

81  00 
520 

44  68 


9.  1  doz  ribbons,  83;  10  reams  no  4  letter,  85.50; 

Smith  Premier  Typewriter  co 810  50 

28  bottles  water,  Great  Bear  Spring  co 9  20 

Clippings,  National  Press  Intelligence  co 10  00 

Translating,  WUfred  Rouleau 11  25 

Organizing   expenses,  J  J  O'Donnell,  860; 

John  Flizpatrick,  896 -,.       146  00 

Freight  ana  drayage  on  case  at  Jamestown 

exposition,  BruuRWick-Balke-CoUender  CO  2  06 
Organizing  expenses,  R  Braunschweig.  8100; 

Hugh  Frayne,  8100;  M  G  Hamilton.  8200; 

Jas  Leonard,  8100:  Jacob  Tazelaar,  8100. 

A  H  Garfleld,  810;  W  H  Downey,  |20;  G  W 

Schackert,  826 886  00 

10.  Organizing  expenses,  W  D  Henderson.........  8  OO 

11.  Organizing  expenses,  Jos  A  Torrlllo,  8100; 

H  DThomas,% ! 108  OO 

18.  Contribution  to  Am  Fed,  John  Turner 8  00 

Organizing  expenses,  Louis  Ruden 5  00 

14.  Organizing  expenses,  M  G  Hamilton,  8100; 

Av  HllTers,  814 114  00 

15.  Commissions  on  advertisements  for  apr.  '07      620  94 
Organizing  expenses.  A  E  Holder,  8100;  C 

Ford,828.95...^ 128  86 

1  year  subscription,  The  Journal  of  Ameri- 
can History -..  2  00 

Oraanizing  expenses,  J  J  O'Donnell,  84*1.45; 
S  R  Frazee,  810;  Joe  Plantenberg,  85;  E  G 
Pullen,810;  M  J  O'Brien,  810;  P  C  Sharkey, 
888 ! 11B46 

16.  Organizing  expenses,  P  D  Drain,  810;  T  B 

Zant,  86.16;  Ll)  Biddle.  822.75 ^....        88  90 

Notary  fees,  Geo  E  Bond 6  60 

Organizing  expenses,  B  Braunsohweiff,8100; 

5  Igleslas,  806;  Stuart  Beid.  8100;  H  Robin- 
son, 8100;  Jacob  Taselaar,  8100;  W  £  Terry, 

8100;  H  Grossman,  844 640  00 

Atty  fees,  H  Winship  Wheatley 8  00 

17.  LOOO  1-c  stamps,  1,000  2-c  stamps,  P  O  depU...        80  00 

Express  (mar),  U  8  Express  oo » Ill  97 

Organizing  expenses,  Geo  E  Brady -    60  00 

18.  Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  may  20. '07, 

Jewelry  and  silverware  case  makers  10448, 

Chas.  E  Kuser,  treas » 840  00 

Organizing  expenses,  Edgar  A  Perkins,  824; 
R  L  Finney,  Ko 64  00 

20.  Organizing  expenses,  J  L  Rodier,  880;  T  H 

Flynn.  8100;  F  W  CotteriU,810;  Harry  E 
Koonse,  810. 160  00 

21.  Organizing  expenses,  J  D  Pierce,  8100;  A  H 

Garfield,  888.067. 188  08 

22.  100  guides.  Library  Bureau 100 

Telephone  service.  The  CAP  Telephone  oo.        08  80 

Towel  service.  Fowler  Mfg  co 7  00 

Printing  60.000  4-page  circulars,  including 

folding,  Sudwarth  Printing  oo 85  10 

Telegrams.  Postal  Telegraph-Cable  co 66  77 

Printing  1,000  manuals  of  common  pro- 
cedure, 816.50;  600  letter  heads,  82.75;  50.000 
circulars.  4  pp,  list  of  labor  literature,  860; 
8,100  receipt  blanks  with  stub,  6  books  (p  o 
tax).  82li0:  8,100  receipts  blanks  with  stub, 

6  books  (FedHt),82li0;  2,006  warranU  on 
treas  with  stubs,  4  books.  814.20;  1  blank 
book  register,  Jamestown  exposition,  816; 
6,000  envelopes,  7^x10^^.  817;  Law  Re- 
porter CO 168  06 

Supplies:  1  arm  rest,  60c:  1  steel  eraser,  60o: 
60,000  m.   envelopes,    8102.50;   2  blotters. 


C.  D.  Shimer,  Pres. 
K.  S.  Shimer,  Treas. 


A.  R.  Baxter,  Vlcc-Prcs. 
A.  Bomney,  Secy. 


The  BANGOR  SLATE  CO. 

Quarrying  and  Manupacturing 

Genuine  Bangor  Unfadino 
Black  Roofing  Slate 

Fram  tha  laal  Baatfar  fhiamr 
UrlBiU;  steps,  Platft rat,  Wilascttlil.  Flrebtgr^s,  BMt- 
U%Ji%,  %U  all  kli4s  if  Ptiakrs'  ail  Stntctirsi  Slate 

Bangor       -       -      Pennsylvanfai 


Digitized  by  ^WV^vlc 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


511 


22.  lOc:  2  ruby  erasers,  20c;  2  H  erasers,  20c; 
2.000  sheets  mlmso  paper,  tS.76;  1  eyesbade, 
25c:  2  steel  erasers,  tl. 26;  12  lettering  pens 
ana  2  brusbes,  65c;  2  boxen  pens,  f  1.8U|8  pen 
holders.  16c;  1  rm  wrapping  paper,  17.60;  8 
qlB  macilage,  f  1.95;  1  box  pins,  80o:  1  doz 
copying  pencils,  $1;  1  lb  pins,  60c;  1  letter 
jpad,  25c;  1,0C0  sheets  wax  paper,  f  l.£0;  6,0C0 
2nd  sheets,  112.60;  6,000  sheets  m.  paper, 
IS.60;  l.tOu  sheets  m.  paper.  $1;  1  Journal, 
75c;  3^  dos  eyeshades.  |l  25;  ]^  doz  balls 
twine,  SOc;  1  doz  bone  folders,  81;  Law  Re- 
porter CO $146  26 

Organizing  expenses,  A  W  Turner 6  00 

1.000 1-c  stamps,  l,00u  2-c  stamps.  P  O  dept 80  00 

Organizing  expenses,  H  M  W  alker,  816o;  Cal 

Wyalt,  8100;  B  T  Flood,  8100 860  00 

28.  500 1-c  stanaps,  P  O  dept 6  00 

Organizing  expenses.  John  A  Flett,  8100; 
Hugh  Prayne,  8100;  M  G  Hamilton,  8100; 
Jas  Leonard.  8100;  C  O  Young.  8100;  W  C 
Hahn,  8100;  H  Grossman,  852.06;  W  H  Dow- 
ney, 840 692  96 

Expenses,  Jamestown  exhibit,  C  P  Connolly      200  00 

Organizing  expenses,  Jos  A  Torrlllo 100  00 

Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  apr  80,  '07. 
Pastemakers  10667,  Q  Cerrelli,  secy,  and 

Wm  P  MoCabe,  secy 82  00 

25.  Printing  600  bulletins  for  may.  86;  76  copies 

Sweet  Orr  ad,  81-26;  Law  Reporter  oo 6  26 

Printing  mar  Am  Fkd,  Law  Reporter  co 668  88 

Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  may  27,  '07, 
Jewelry  and  silverware  case  makers  10448, 

Charles  E  Kuser,  treas « 840  00 

27.  800  2^  stamps.  P  O  dept 10  00 

Awnings  and  curtains,  Lansburgh  &,  Bros...        26  87 

Telegrams,  The  TeleKraph  co 6  49 

Repairing  phone,  70c;  lights  88.90;  John  O 

Ran 4  80 

4  weeks*  salary,  ofllce  employes.  E  Valesh, 
8100:J  KeUy,802;  RLGuard.88^;DFMan- 
nlns^  878:  J  W  Bernhard.  876;  L  A  Gaver, 
872;  L  A  Bteme.  876.78;  F  C  Alexander,  873; 
A  G  Russell,  871.67:  J  W  Lowe.  872;  A  L 
McCoy,  868;  D  L  Bradley.  866.00;  (2>g  weeks) 
JasGailaher,  841J8:  F  L  Faber,  864:  Z  M 
Manverse,  868:  I  V  Kane,  858.75;  I  M  Lau- 
ber,  88U;  £  M  Peacock,  860;  (8  weeks)  T  E 
Fawkes.  846:  J  H  Janney,  860.85;  A  Bos- 
well,  864;  I  M  Rodier,  860;  W  H  Howlin, 
858;  G  A  Boswell.  848;  D  J  Nielsen,  848;  B  i 
Thomas,  848;  L  Black,  848;  M  C  Hatch,  846: 
C  C  Jones,  840;  E  R  Brownley,  886;  B  M 
Hoi  Uman,  886.10;  W  von  Ezdorf,  886.66; 
(1  week)  F  MacCallen,  88.60;  (1  week)  O 
M  Nielsen,  89:  (1  week)  M  A  Jones,  A;  (I 
week)  O  C  Kane,  88;  (1  week)  H  M 
Sprague.  88:  il  week)  M  L  Lowe.  88.80; 
(I  week)  L  E  Roberts  r.60;  (1  week)  B  F 

Watson,  r^ 2,009  78 

Premiums  on  bonds.  National  Surety  CO 69  20 

Carpentering  work,  J  M  Helsley 17  46 

Organizing  expenses,  Walter  Bush,  86;  Geo 
K  Dahlstrom.  85:  O  R  Jarrett,  86;  H  Rob- 

^      Inson,  860;  T  F  Tracy,  8200 265  00 

a.  Organizing  expenses,  T  R  Davis.  86.70;  E  D 

fialthrow,  86 10  70 

9.  Organizing  expenses.  Santiago  Iglesias. 
8M60;  Lewis  Burkert,  816;  U  C  Hoeige, 

16 122  60 

Attorneys  fees,  H  Winshlp  Wheatley 16  16 

31.  Rat  poison,  16c;  disinfectant,  20c;  soap,  50c; 
notary  fee,  60o;  newspapers,  67c:  books,  81; 
express.  81.16:  fpe  m  o,  88.10;  car  tickets. 

85.76,  J  W  Bernhard 18  02 

Hauling  Am  Fed.  J  W  Bernhard 2  25 

B  R  fkre  and  expenses,  Samuel  Gom  pers 149  85 

One  month's  salary.  Samuel  Uompers,  pres  250  00 
One  month's  salary,  Frank  Morrison,  secy..  206  38 
Printing  aoo  list  of  paid  organizers.  87.^0;  600 
slips.  8^;  corrections  list  of  organizations, 
8l£20;  6.C00  applications  for  membership, 
8650;  1.700  letter  circulars  (casualty).  87; 
1.700 circulars  (casualty),  86;  1.000  conven- 
tion calls  (Kansas),  86  60;  500  manuals 
(Italian),  817.60:  10,100  whys,  821:  200  pos- 
tals. 84;  GOO  application  blanks.  84.50;  200  list 
of  paid  organizers,  87.60;  600  application 
blanks,  84.60;  corrections  list  of  organ!- 
sations,  811.20;  due  cards,  8387  85;  6.000 
organizer  letter  heads.  818.75;  60.000  note 
beads  (local).  8120;  600  bill  beads.  88.26; 
10,000  whys.  821:  2.000  letter  circulars  pro- 
OML  812:  2,600  bonding  blanks,  814.50;  600 
application  blanks,  84.60;  corrections  list 


81.      of  organizers.  83.20;  10.000  whys.  821;  200  let- 
ter circulars,  84  The  Trades  Unionist 8738  05 

Postage  on  AM  Fed,  PC  dept 22  79 

Stamps  received  and  used,  Frank  Morri- 
son, secy 7  15 

Expressage,  Geo  W  Knox  Express  oo 3  04 

ITU  assess,  J  W  Bramwood,  secy-treas 21  80 

Total 8l2.57r5 


RECAPITULATION. 

Balance  on  hand  May  1. 1907 8116.889  66 

ReceipU  for  month  of  May 18,802  57 

Total «. 130.192  28 

Expenses  for  month  oCMay 12,578  46 

Balance  on  hand  June  1,1907 117.618  78 

General  ftand 16,489  04 

Defense  fund 103,124  74 


Total 8117,618  78 

FRANK  MORRISON, 
Secretary  A,  F.  ofL, 


J^JyjyJlBAamxL^ 


HARKAN 


2  for  25  Gents. 


Your  Dealer  can 
furnish  tliem 
Should  he  refuse  to  do  so,  send  to  the  factory 

UNION  COLLAR  CO., 

vniON  MADE.       CADILLAC.    MICH. 


Manufacturers  of 

STONE,  MARBLE,  GRANITE 

CUHERS'  AND 

TINNERS'  MALLETS 

Indian  Clubs,  Dumb 
Bells,  Ten  Pins,  and 
Other  Athletic  Supplies 


J.  B.  HELLENBERQ  &  SON 

Coldwater,  Michigan  ,     r\(-\a\o 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


512 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


w^m 


Ip&ArftRT 


TRAZCR  AXLE  GREASE 

BEST  IN  THE  WORLD 

NO  WELL  EQUIPPED  STABLE 
SHOULD  BE  WITHOUT 


Frazer  Axle  Grease* 

Frazer  Harness  OtL 
Frazer  Harness  Soap* 


Fraier  Stock  Fao^* 
Frazer  Hoof  Oil. 
Frazer  AxU  Oi 


FRAZER  LUBRICATOR  C0HP4NY^ 


CHICAGO 


ST.   LOUIS 


NEW  YORK 


4m  (^'m/ 


I  The  Very  Best  Edge  Took  Hade  in  America  j 


mONC    BETTER    MAOE  ANrWHCPIE 
IN   THE  WOPLD 

For  Carpenters,  Coopers,  Ship  Builders.  Oou^k 
Makers*  Turners.  Butchers,  Pump  Makers,  Wood 
Girvcrs,  Etc..  the  most  compleie  and  exteiisi¥« 
line  of  strictly  fine  and  superior  edge  tooLs 
made  in  this  country. 

For  SjJt  by  Flrat-Qaas  Hajdyjire  JJulen 

If  your  dealer  does  not  keep  them  and  refuses 
to  order  them,  send  to  us  for  catalogue,  not 
failing  to  mention  what  kind  of  tools  you  me, 
as  we  issue  separate  catalogues,  and  stale  where 
you  saw  this  "^ad." 

Mack  &  Co. 

Bf own  RAce, 
ROCHESTER,  N,  Y. 


YM4Ct<llAaft 


New  York  Office: 

3  MAIDEN  LANE. 


Ask  Your  Jeweler  for 

S.aBIGNEY 
&  CO.'S 

Gold-Filled  Chains* 
They  are  Reliable* 

Factory: 
ATTLEBORO,  MASS. 


lyiii^yu  uy 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


513 


The  F.  M.  Bovver  Company 

Manufacturers  of  Gas  Stoves  and  Appliances  for  Bakers  and  Confectioners 
A  Full  Line  of  Tools  and  Utensils 


165  CHambers  Street 

Address  D«partm«At  H 


New  YorR 


Union  Men  Should  Use  High-Grade 
"UNION-MADE" 

SMOKING  TOBACCO 

That  bears  the  * 'Union  Label" 
"EDGEWORTH"— Plug  Slice 
**OBOID"— Granulated  Plug 
"SENSIBLE"— Sliced-Plug 

Quility  of  these  brands  ttuc  Vcdv  Rcqt 

Is  guaranteed  to  be  *  "ti  VbKY  Dtbl 

CHICAOO  TRACTION :  A  History  Legislative  and  Politl- 
caL  By  Samuel  WUber  Norton,  Pb.D.  Cloth,  240  pages. 
lUosU^ted.  "An  able  and  oomprehensive  history."— 
Geo.  E.  Cole.  "Coven  the  street  railway  situation  ftom 
the  beginning  of  traction  law-mnking  in  Springfield  up 
to  the  pa«8age  of  the  last  ordlnanoee.*'— Chicago  Record- 
Herald.  Postpaid,  $1.00.  Address  Carl  Johnson,  409  Ash- 
land Block,  Chicago. 


The  Peoples  Security  Co. 

CAPITAL,  $200,000 
This  Company  is  organized  and  Incorporated  for  the 
sole  purpose  of  affording  Full  Legal  Protection  to  the 
members  of  Orgsnized  labor  collectively   and  as 
individuals. 

PROVIDES 
Oeatral  Counsel  to  Local  Unions,  Etc. 
Legal  Advice  furnished  members  and  their  families  with- 
out charge. 
Claims  for  Personal  Injury. 

IdentMlcation  in  Case  of  Accident  by  providing  a  Badge 

and  identification  Card,  insuring  prompt  attention. 

FOR  ONE  DOLLAR  A  YEAR 

IrMdwiy-CkiBbcrt  BilMlit        277  Brt adwayi  New  Yt rk 
Telephones  3180-3181  Franklin 


More  Sewing 

witli  less  labor,  if 
you  use  tlie 

\A/M  ITE 

See  your  White 
dealer  or  write  us 
for  details  : 

M  and  ROTARY  SHUTTLE  MACHINES 

WUte  Sewing  Machine  Co. 

CI^KVKUAND,  OHIO 


UNION  LABEL 
oftho 


UNITED 
HAHERS 


OP   NORTH   AMERICA. 

WHEN  yon  are  buying  a  PUR  HAT.  either  soft  ot  stiff, 
^^  see  to  it  that  the  Genuine  Union  Label  is  sewed  in  li 
The  Genuine  Union  Label  Is  perforated  on  the  four  edges 
exactly  the  same  as  a  posoge  stamp.  If  a  retailer  has 
loose  labels  in  his  possession  and  offers  to  put  one  in  a  had 
for  you,  do  not  patronize  him.  Loose  labels  in  retail  stores 
are  counterfeits.  Unpnncipled  manufacturers  are  uslaf 
them  in  order  to  get  rid  of  their  scab-made  hatk  The 
lohn  B.  Stetson  Co.,  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Is  a  non-u 

JOHN  A.  MOPPITT,  Praaldwit, 


MARTIN  LAWLOR,  Secretary,  Orange. 

zz  Waverly  Place,  New  Yerk  City. 


N.J. 


BILLIARD  and  POOL  TABLES 

BAR  FIXTURES 

BOWLING  ALLEYS 

ALL  OUR  GOODS  ARE  MADE  BY 

SKILLED  UNION  MEN 

and  bear  the 

UNION  LABEL 


The 

BrunswicK-BalKe-CoUender 

Company 

227-229  FOURTH  AVENUE 


514 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  Sign  of  the 
Best  Ale 


Accept 
No  Substitute 


MENGEL  BOX  COMPANY 

Manu/adlurers  of 

Pails  and  Boxes 


Louisville 


Kentucky 


Where  intelligent  and 
honest  labor  is  em- 
ployed, good  material 
used,  the  result  must 
be  evident,  as  is  the 
case  with  all  brands 
I     brewed  by  the     I 

prattling  Ca* 

CHATTANOOGA     •    TENN. 


MCE  THSD,  lUinS  BQ. 


iAR-KEEPEg'S 
"FRIENtf!- 


BAR  FlXTURESp 
DRAIN  BOARDS 

tNO  ALL 

tifi,  Z\f\Ct  Orafiflf  Copper, 
Pllokef  «nd  all  Kitchan  and 

Plated  Ul«n4Uv, 

Gl*»»*  Wodd,  Mar&l»,  Fof- 

t>B]aln,  Etc. 


%    HIGHEST  AWARD 
J  World's  Pair,  Chicago 
1893 
St  Louis,  1904 


IE  BifUEEieSN 


Sold  by  Dealers 

All  Over  the  World 

Prices,  10  and. 

a5  Cents 


FOR  THE 

BEST   BAND    INSTRUMENTS 

At  die  Lowest  Livinc  Prices  PoHtble  to  Qjote 
CONSULT  THE  HOUSE  OF  YORK 

J.  W.  YORK  &  SONS,  Grand  Rapidt,  Mich. 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


515 


GARLOCR 

Metal  and  FiBrot&s  PacKing 


'^XTrit*  for  CataloiC^« 
No.  38 


GARI^OCK  PACKING  CO. 
Palmyra,  N.  Y. 

Branches  in  all  Principal  Cities 


John  W.  Masury  &  Son 

Paints  and 
Varnishes 


New  York 


Chicago 


The  Pickles  and 
Table  Condiments 
Prepared  by 

The  Williams  Bros.  Co. 
Detroit,  Michigan 
Are  the  Very  Best 
For  Sale  by  the 
Wholesale  and 
Retail  Trade  all  over  the 
United  States 


MUNDY 
ENGINES 


For  All  Purposes 

Mud  Dred((ing 
Dock  Building: 
Coal  Hoisting 
Bridge  Erecting 
Pile  Driving 
Mining 

500  Difftr«At  Styles  Quarrying 

Send  for  Catalogue 

J.  S.  MUNDY 

tn  Saee0MMfai  Opmt  ation  as  Ymara 

22  to  34  Prospect  St.,  NeiMrarK,N.  J. 

JAMBS  TEOMA  S,  Pnst.  RO  WLA  ND  T.  DA  VIS,  Viee-Pnst. 

ROWLAUD  D.  THOMAS,  Treas.  SDd  Mgr. 
OEO.  DAVISSf  Seoy.  and  Pur.  Agt. 

Davies  &  Thomas  Co. 

Foundry  and 
Machine  Works 

CATASAUQUA.PA. 

BORN  &  THOMAS,  Oen'l  Afrents, 
Havemeytr  Building, 

26  ConUndt  St.,  New  York. 


ff.  Y.  Telepboae  4061  Cortlandt 
GaUsauqua  Telephone  iiSi 


HART  &  GROUSE 
COMPANY 

Royal  Boilers 

AND 

New  York 
Radiators 


BRANCHES: 

NEW  YORK  -  235  Water  Street 
CHICA.GO  -        -         79  Lake  Street 

COLUMBUS  -  Poplar  and  Henrr  Streets 
DALLAS  -  -  -  659  Elm  Street 
MINNEAPOLIS     742  Lumber  Exchange 

Digitized  by  VjOOQlC 


516 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Reciprocity! 

BUY 
UNION  STAMP 

..SHOES.. 

the  best  made 


Buy  shoes  made  with  the  Union  Stamp. 
A  guarantee  of  good  wage  conditions  and 
well  treated  shoe  workers.  No  higher  in 
cost  than  shoes  without  the  Union  Stamp. 

INSIST 

upon  having  Union  Stamp  Shoes.  If  your 
dealer  cannot  supply  you  write 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers'  Union 

246  Summer  Street  ::  Boston,  Mass. 


This  is  the  Label  of  the 

Journeymen  Tailors'  Union 
of  America 


When  you  purchase  Custom 
Made  Clothing  insist  on  having 
this  Label  attached  to  each  gar- 
ment. 

JOHN  B.  LENNON, 

General  Secretary. 


^imtmtmtmmmmtm^ 


Goodyear 
Lumber  Company 

Business  Established  1872. 
Manufacturers  of  Penntylvania  White  Hemlock 

LUMBER 

Miilt  on  Buffalo  and  Susquehanna  Railroad. 

CAPACin,  800,000  FEET  PER  DAY 

GENERAL  OFFICE: 

350  Ellicott  Square, 
BUFFALO,  N.  Y. 


M 
A 

D 
E 


GLOBE  TOBACCO  CO. 

DETROIT. MICH. 


T 
R 
U 
S 
T 


The  first  brand  of  Union 
Tobacco  ever  produced 


SAVE  LABEL  FRONTS  FOR  PREMIUMS 

Digitized  by  VjOOQLC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


517 


SANDUSKY  TOOL  CO.,  SandusKr.  Ohio 

Manufacturers  of 

Planes,  Plane  Irons,  Hoes,  Mallets,  Handles,  Bench  and  Hand  Screws,  Cooper  and  Cabinet  Makers' 
Tools,  Planer  Knives,  M  Mxn^  Bits.  All  Plane  Irons  warranted  and  guaranteed  to  be  the  Best  on  the 
Mirket.    If  your  nearest  dealer  does  not  handle  our  goods,  order  direct  from  the  factory. 

lf«w  York  OficMt  21  WAUtEN  STIEET.  NEW  TOIK  CITY.  U.  S.  A. 

In  antwerinc  this  advertisament  mention  this  magaEine 

BETTER  SATISFY  BOTH  YOUR  CUSTOMER  AND  YOURSELF? 

^Better  look  up  tbe  Edwakds  Bpecialtles  when  figuring  on  a  contract,  because  they  me  bound  to  give  a  great  deal 
more  naiUf  ictlon  than  many  devices  of  oiber  makes.  QTbe  Edwards  goodn  are  tboroiighly  well  made  by  o«uii- 
petent  workmen  under  careful  sup'^rviHlon.  The  idO'is  embodied  in  the  Edwards  speclxlttes  are  original  with  us; 
are  money  makers  because  of  their  good  points;  save  labor  Installing  and  worry  after  they  arej>utin.  Fob 
iLLirsTRATBD  Catalogue,  WrItb 

EDWARDS  &  COMPANY  l,*W^v*~o°PJ"i°rrv 

Sdllag  Afeots,  Vestern  Electrical  Co.       Telephone  Connection,  New  York,  Pblladeipbfa,  Cbica|o,  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City,  Denver 


Do  Not  Replace  Your  Worn  Carpet 
With  a  New  One. 

The  new  one  will  harbor  dust  and  germs  and  will 
wear  out  just  the  same  as  the  old  one  did.  Our  Par- 
quetry, or  Hardwood  Floors,  are  beautiful,  clean, 
sanitary,  and  will  last  as  long  as  your  house.  Free 
Catalogue  No.  iS. 

Wood-Mosaic  Flooring  Co. 

Rocliester.  N.  Y.       New  Albany  N.  Y. 

New 

YorK 

Ground 

Clamp 

For  connecting  telephone  ground  wires  to  pipes  and 
cables.  Cheaper  than  a  wrapped  connection;  as  good  as  a 
soldered  connection.  Adopted  by  nearly  all  the  Bell  Tel. 
Cos.  and  most  of  the  larger  Independent  Tel.  Cos.  Samples 
free  on  application.  Write  for  list  of  other  specialties. 
VonkersSpeclaltyCo.,  Yonker»,  N.  Y..  U.S.A 

WKSTKRN    CLCeTRIC  CO      AOCNTS 

H.  C.  Robertt  Electric  Supply  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


•CONSAPICO' 

trade-mark 


Stewart's! 

Hbvc  dw  omA  cf  edhre  luaid  to  ptevent  caldung  of  teanng  of  ma 
Thm  World's  SUadard  of  Perfection— Stewart's  Dupl< 


I  Safety  Pins 

teanng  of  material 


wraen  to  be 
ihippfd  tluough 
any  New  York 
Export  finn. 

Write  to  Ex. 
Dorten  or  to  tu 
for  Sample*  and 
Price*. 

Manufactured  only  by 
SeletT  Pin  Co.,  Bloomfield.  N.  J.,  U.  S,  A. 
Niw  York  Office:  473  Broadway 


"RED  CROSS" 

PIPE  JOINT  COMPOUND 

Hakes  tUht  JoinU  that  stay  tiglit. 
Ready  to  use;  Clean;  Never  hardens. 
Joints  come  apart  easily*  and  every 
can  is  warranted  to  do  all  we  claim. 
Simply  tfiT«  it  »  trial.  th«A  y««  will  1Ib«w 
its  ▼%!«•.  SamylM  tf, 

^he  EDGECOMBE^   CO. 

C«rah»ria  Falls.  OhI* 


CALCIMO 

The  Painters'  Cold  Water  Kalsomine 


because  U  is  bound  with  hide  stock 
animcU glue^  and  is  readily  soluble  in 
cold  water.  Calcimo  requires  no  ice 
in  summer  nor  stove  in  winter.  It 
jells  on  the  hottest  summer  day,  and 
does  not  go  too  stiff  for  spreading 
during  the  cold  weather.  Calcimo 
covers  well  one  coat,  can  be  recoated 
when  necessary,  and  spreads  easily. 
Kalsominers  and  decorative  painters 
find  it  less  expensive  than  any  other 
kalsomine— also  that  it  gives  satisfac- 
tory results. 

THE  MURALO  COMPANY 

New  Brighton,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y. 

BRANCH  OFFICES  AND  WAREHOUSES: 
24-26  Market  St.,       •       -       •       Chicago,  lU. 
322  W.  GeoesMC  St.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Cor.  BatteiT  tod  Filbert  Sta.,    •       Sao  Fraociaco,  Cal. 


niniti^edhY-^QQgl 


518 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Interlocking  Rubber  Tiling 


Is  noiseless,  non-slippery,  waterproof,  and 
thoroufchly  sanitary,  more  durable  than  stone 
or  earthen  tiles,  eleg^ant  in  appearance,  manu- 
factured in  a  carefully  selected  variety  of  colors. 
Endorsed  by  the  best  architects  and  engineers. 
A  perfect  floor  for  business  offices,  banking 
rooms,  court  rooms,  vestibules,  halls,  billiard 
rooms,  smoking  rooms,  cafes,  libraries, 
churches,  hospitals,  hotels,  bath  rooms, 
kitchens,  etc. 

Samples,  estimates,  and  special  designs  fur- 
nished upon  application. 

Beware  of  Infringers.    Patented. 
Manufactured  solely  by 

NEW  YORK  BETIN6  &  PACK1N6  Co^  Ui^ 
K  aid  K  Chambers  St^  New  York. 


Right  from  the  Heart! 


THE  L.G.  SMITH  6l  BROS.TYPEWRITER 
(WHtlntf  ENTIIELY  In  Sitfht) 

is  perfected  froni  the  center  out* 
Every  usefUl  device  inbuilt  in  its 

proper  place  to  do  its  work  by  the 

shortest  cut 
No  jumble   of  "improvements" 

boxed  in  to  keep  it  from  being  seen. 

Nothing  concealed, — nothing  to  be 

ashamed  of! 

Illustrated  Catalogue  Free 
Z^  C.  SMITH  C^  BROS.  TYPEWRITER  CO. 
SYRACUSE,  N.  Y.,  U.  S.  A. 
Branches  in  Principal  Citiea. 


BIRMINGHAM 

Is  the  Most  Progressive  City 
IN  THE  SOUTH 


And  points  with  particular 
pride  to  her  Street  Car  Ser- 
vice as  one  index  to  her 
thoroughly  modern  ways    : 


Railway,  Light  &  Power 
Company 

BIRNINGHAH  ALABAMA 


lAGER  BEER 


BOTTLED  tTTc  BRtWERY 


Digitized  by  VjOOQlC.    " 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


519 


JUSTUS  VON  LEN6ERKE,  President. 


C.  W.  SHAFFER.  Sec'y  and  Gen.  Mgr. 


ERNST  DETMOLD.  Treuurir. 


If  you  are  not  in  favor  of  the  "  Powder  Trust" 
buy  your  dynamite  and  blasting  supplies  of  the 

NATIONAL  POWDER  COMPANY 


353  FIFTH  AVE. 


NEW  YORK  CITY 


*  Yankee  "  Ratchet  Screw  Driver  wUhJinger  turn  on  blade. 


Yankee^*  Automatic  Drill  with  Magazine  for  Drill  Bnnts. 


•Yankee**  lUd^rocating DHaftr  WbodoriUlmL 


•YANKEE' 
TOOLS 


are  the  newest,  dererestand 
most  satisfactory  in  use,  and 
the  first  to  be  offered  at  so 
reasonable  a  price  that  erery 
up-to-date  mechanic  could 
buy  tools  of  their  quality  and 
character. 

Other  tools  are  very  good 
tools,  but  •« Yankee"  Tools 
arc  better. 

''Yankee"  Tools  are  sold 
by  all  leading  dealers  In  tools 
and  hardware  everywhere. 
Ask  your  dealer  to  se^tfaem. 


OUR  "YANKEE"  TOOL  BOOK 
TELLS  ALL  ABOUT  THESE  AND 


SOME  OTHERS,  AND  18  MAILED     ,  „„,^„   .«««.,»   .«*,.   Am...^...  c^^^ 
FREE  ON  APPIJCATION  TO~       LEHIGH  AVEMUE  AND  AMERICAN  STREET, 


Nopfeb  Bi^otbeP^  M&ODf&ctnring  Comp&n  j, 

PHILADELPHIA. 


C  A.  WILLEY  COMPANY 
Color  Grinders 


AND 


MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Specialties  in  Gtrriagie  and  Cat  Paints, 
Coiofs,  Etc* 

Nott  and  Vernon  Aventics 
Hantcf^s  Point,       -       NEW  YORK  CITY. 


BERRY  BROTHERS 

LIMITED 

ESTABLISHED  1858 

Manufacturers  of  every  grade  of 

Varnish  and  Japan 

FOR  EVERY  USE  KNOWN 

New  York        Philadelphia        Chicago         St.  Louis 
Boston  Baltimore  Cincinnati      Sin  Francisco 

FACTORY  AND  MAIN  OFFICE,  DETROIT 
Canadian  Factoryt  WalkerviUe«  Oni. 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


520 


AMERICA  N  FEDERATIONIST 


BecKwith-Chandler  Co. 


Manufadturmra  of 

High'Grade  Varnishes 


NEWARK.  N.J. 
201  Emmett  Street 


NEW  YORK 
320  Fifth  Avenue 


Hn.  Winslow'e  Soothing  Syrup 


Run    t^.  I,    ur, ..    1 .SH..riVF   YTAIes  by 

MtLLttiNS  ..P  >!■  'HI..-  ••]■  <h-ir  CIIM.KHEN 
wmrK  TEETIJl:  I  I  I  Lil  K.<   r  sr  <(  i.;s^^     tt 

%S  X  >T  HEN  I  [It-  C\\  ]  J  =  h  -i  .  I  I  ^  N  S  I  h-  !  il '  .M  S,  ALLAYS 
ftll  PAIS:  trrBES  UlNJ'  <l^^.Tt.aml  ih  tlu:  bi-Pt 
remedy  for  tHAItRRiXA.   h.,  l,i  to  Hvn^ivi^^n  in  uti^ry 

{iiri  of  I  lie  ^  p  rliL  Bb  b  ti  n  ■  ;k  [  n  i  n.^  k  1  or  '*  M  th  W  »  d  •- 
oWii  8rK]tLliiK  Rynip,"  fi'ni  tiiL<j  no  otbt-r  fcind. 
Twi'Uty-Ove  centa  »  boltl-  <  in  uiitiitpM  uudrf  lliiP 
Fi-iotl^ndUniifif  Act.  Juiti^  i'^^i  1^-^  Hi^riAl  Siimbor 
l«e.       AN  OLD  AND  WI.LL  TRlEJi  RLMEDY. 


MORE   THAN 


300,000 


PEOPLE   BUY 


THE 


Chicago  Daily  News 

every  day,  and  probably  more  than 

1,000,000 

read  it.    Why?  Because  they  believe 

it  prints  all  the  news  and  tells 

the  truth  about  it. 


A 

Strong 
Arm 

Does  Not 

Mean  A 

High 

Salary 


It's  brain  not  br»wa  that  comrcattds 
the  best  paying  pii^ailiims.  The  man  -whu 
tan  widn  the  hcaviirst  hamnHT  or  lift  the 
Rr^t^t^t  weight  ilocs  imK  ^ct  as  much 
bilar/  a*  the  man  who  teUs  him  when 
and  wht-re  to  apply  his  streiij^th.  In 
uthcr  wards,  a  man  who  can  plan  and 
direct  the  work  of  others  is  worth  many' 
limca  as  much  as  the  man  fthti  can  only 
do  thL*  wurk  lb  at  other*  plan. 

The  way  to  advance  ti>  a  Ijclltr  pr^ii- 
tioTi  and  increased  caminus  is  not  to 
increase  the  strength  of  your  arm  but  to 
increase  the  strength  of  your  brain^to 
&ei;ure  the  knowleditc  that  will  qualify 
you  tfj  hold  a  positiun  as  for'Cman,  fiujucr- 
intentlent,  or  manaj^L^r,  and  to  double  and 
triple  yvAXT  ejirnin^s, 

Thi*  you  can  do  in  a  re markablv  quirV 
and  easy  manner,  aa  thousands  hjI  others 
have  ric>ne  before,  tbrongh  the  X.  C.  S, 
Coureea  uf  home  training.  It  puts  you 
under  no  obEi potion  to  ask  us  how  we 
can  raise  your  &aJary  in  the  simplest  and 
surest  way  in  thu  world.  Simpty  mark 
and  mail  the  couijon.  Will  you  kt  a 
pistage  stamp  fitand  between  you  and  a 
better  position? 


Intornational  Cerr«spond«nett  Sohools 
B«»  644.  SCRANTON.  PA. 

Please  explain,  without  farther  obllgatloa  oa  my  pact,  bowl  caa 
quality  for  a  larger  salary  aad  advaacement  to  the  posltloa  belorc 
which  I  have  marked  X. 


Advertiiement  WTltof 

WlncTiuw  TrlEUflUjr 

M  •?{.''h  a  11 1  L^al  X>  raftam  an 

OriiamentiL]  J3««}ffnar 

llhjAtrAtor 

<J]vll  BervtL9# 

Toxtiia  Um  Bupt. 
Freaoti    l  WKb  E4iioa 
H  pain  tab  j.  PhLmo^TaFh 


£1 eel rial aD 
£i«>oirl9a]  Bnfiiifvr 
li>3«etrie'LlffbL^tDC  aupt. 
Mec'haiiJoal  KaclQeer 
Snr9«f or 

atatioaarj  SorLii^e* 
Clnl  BD0D«vr 
Bulldlxif  Ogntra^oitaT 
ATchHtwiiiTitl  DraiUttu 
Ar«ait<»el 

Sinji^CTirKl  EmcinecT 
f  orrruaa  Plumber 
Miaing  £nffif*fffr 


Nanu— 


Street  and  No.. 
City 


.  State ^ 


Drgi*ized  by  C!it5Ct^t^*** 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


521 


The, 

Right 


11 


12 


/^lO   *<l§in*-    2*) 


The, 

ELLGIN 


8 


The  L.l|in  Watch  is  the  right  watch  in  every 
respect — ^nght  in  workmanslup,  right  in  price, 
right  in  time,  right  ebery  time. 
Accurately  adjusted  to  position  and  temperature. 

Brery  Elflrin  Watch  is  fully  guaranteed.    All  jewelers  have  Elfirln  Watches. 
An  interesting  illustrated  booklet  about  watches,  sent  free  on  request  to 

■LOIN  NATIONAL  WATOH  OO.,  Ilsln,  III. 


Pneumatic  Took 

for  all  purposes,  and  all  favorites  of  the  skilled 
ron  worker.    One  man  by  the  aid  of  one  of 
these  too  s  can  accom- 
plish as  much  as 
ten  men  by  old 
band  methods. 


Send  for  our  gen- 
eral tool  and  compres- 
sor catalogues. 

Manufactured  by 

CHICAQO  PNEUMATIC  TOOL  CO. 

95  Uhftf  Str««t 
NIWTOIK 


CHICAGO 


READING 
HARDWARE    CO. 

Makers  of 

Builders'  Hardware 

Fine  Door  l^ocKs 
The  *;Ogden"  Check 

Gas,  Electric  and 
Combination  FLrtures 


*' Reading" 
Lawn  Mowers 

Landon  Design. 

FACTORIES: 

READING,  PA. 

NEW  YORK,  CHICAGO, 

96-98  Reade  St.  105  Uke  St. 

PHILADELPHIA, 
617  Market  St. 


Digitized  by  V^OOQIC 


522 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Copley  Square  Hotel 


BOSTON 


AMOS  H.  VITHIPPI^K,  Proprietor 

MASSACHUSETTS 


The  United  Railways  and  Electric 
Company  of  Baltimore 

GENERAL  OFFICES:  CONTINENfAL  TRUST  BUILDING 

Owning  and  operating  the  following  lines  of 
railways,  which  reach  every  section  of  the 
city  and  extend  into  Baltimore,  Anne  Arundel 
and  Howard  Counties,  aj:gregating  about 
three  hundred  and  fifty  miles  of  track: 

Druid  Hill  Avenue,  Gilmore  Street  and  Guil- 
ford Avenue,  Carey  Street  and  Fort  Avenue^ 
Linden  Avenue,  Pikesville  and  Emory  Grove, 
Edmondson  Avenue  and  Monument  Street, 
Fremont  Street,  Curtis  Bay,  York  and  Fred- 
erick Road,Towson  and  Catonsville,  Wilkens 
Avenue,  Roland  Park  and  Highlandtown ,  Lake- 
side, Dundalk,  John  Street,  North  Avenue, 
Gwynn  Oak,  Ellicott  City,  Gay  Street  and 
Belair  Road,  Madison  Avenue,  Calvert  Street, 
Pennsylvania  Avenue,  Hartford  Avenue,  Or- 
leans Street.  Preston  Street,  Canton,  Fair- 
mount  Avenue,  Electric  Park  and  Mount 
Washington,  Middle  River  and  the  Sparrows 
Point  lines. 

THE  FOLLOWING  ARE  THE  OFFICERS: 


WILLIAM  A.  HOUSE 
FRANK  A.  FURST 
THOMAS  A.  CROSS 
WILLIAM  EARLY 
J.  H.  WINDSOR 
N.  E.  STUBBS     - 


President 

Vice-President 

Generil  Manatfcr 

Secretary 

Acting  Treasurer 

Auditor 


THE  BEST 

Roofing  Slate 


AND 


Blackboards 


ARE  MANUFACTURED  BY 


COLUMBIA  SLATE 
COMPANY 

Slatington         Pennsylvania 


EXCLUSIVE  BRANDS: 

FRANKLIN  TUNNEL      COLUMBIA  BI6  BED 
FRANKLIN  STANDARDS   PENNSYLVANIA  BLACK 


"PRISCO" 

-     Lanterns  Light  The  World 


CANNOT  BLOW  OUT. 


Money  Back  if  Not 
Satisfied  :    :    :    : 


The  Pritchard-Strong  Co* 

Rochester,  N*  Y.,  U*  S*  A* 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


523 


MEIGS  H.  WHAPLES,  President 
ARTHUR  P.  DAY,  Secretary 


JOHN  P.  WHEELER.  Treasurer 
HOSMER  P.  REDFIELD,  Asst.  Treasurer 


Connecticut 
Trust  and  Safe  Deposit  Company 

CORNER  MAIN  AND  PEARL  STREETS 
HARTFORD,    CONNECTICUT 


Capital,  $300,000 


Surplus,  $400,000 


BANKING   BUSINESS 

Conducts  a  General  Banking  Business.    Accounts  opened  and  Deposits  received  subject  to  check  at 

sight.    Accounts  solicited.    Also 

SAFE  DEPOSIT  VAULT 

The  most  capacious  and  impregnable  in  the  city.    1,000  safe  boxes  for  rent  at  from  $10  to  $100  per 

annum,  according  to  size. 

TRUST  DEPARTMENT 

Is  authorized  by  its  charter  to  act  as  Trustee  for  individuals  and  corporations,  Executor  or  Adminis- 
trator of  Estates,  Guardian  of  Minors,  Etc. 


To  the  Public 

the  purchase  or  a  piano  .s  one  of  the  most  difficult  problems  to  solve.  Reading  the  advertisements 
of  different  makers  only  adds  to  the  puzzle,  as  many  of  them  claim  to  make  the  best  piano.  How 
can  a  layman  decide  for  and  satisfy  himself  that  he  is  obtaining  the  best  value  for  his  money?  His 
only  safeguard  will  be  to  depend  upon  the  record  and  reputation  of  a  particular  make,  regardless 
of  blaring  announcements. 

Abraham  Lincoln  once  said:  **  You  can  not  fool  aii  the  people  all  the  time."  The  truth  of  this 
assertion  has  been  positively  demonstrated  by  the  Steinway  Piano,  which  has  stood  in  the  limelight 
of  publicity  for  over  fifty-three  years,  and  to  the  possession  of  which  at  the  present  time  122,000 
satisfied  purchasers  point  with  pride  and  affection.  The  public  cou«d  not  have  been  fooled  contin- 
uously for  over  half  a  century,  and  this  vast  army  of  patrons  certainly  would  not  have  invested 
upwards  of  One  Hundred  Million  Dollars  in  Steinway  Pianos  unless  they  were  convinced  that 
the  Steinway  is  the  best  piano  and  that  one  can  not  go  wrong  in  buying  a 


vEirrEQfiAND,  pmot  leoo 


Steinway 

Steinway  Pianos  can  be  bought  from  any  authorized  Steinway 
dealer  at  New  York  prices,  with  cost  of  transportation  added. 

Illustrated  catalogue  and  the  little  booklet,  "  The  Triumph  of  the 
Vertegrand,"  sent  on  request  and  mention  of  this  magazine. 

STKINVITAY  A  SONS,  Steinway  Hall 
107  and  109  East  14tK  St.,  N*w  YorK 


Goog 


Digitized  by 


524 


AMERICAN  FEDERA2I0NIST 


TWIST  DRILLS  t«.o.^ m.«k     Drill  SOCKETS 
REAMERS  ^p  ^^p,^      CUTTERS 

TAPS  _^^^^^  ^^^^1^  NTS,  &c. 

^^^^^K^^^^^  Incorporattd  1904  ^^^^il^ljj^^^^ 

^^^^       The  Cleveland  Twist  Drill  Co.     ^^^ 

CI^KVKI^ANO  NK'W  YORK  CHICACO 


Bromo- 
Seltzer 

CURES 

HEADACHES 

'^^10  cents  <*<• 


UNITED  CLOTH  HAT  AND 
CAP  MAKERS 

or  NORTH  AMEAIOA. 

MAIN   OrriCC,  66-60   CAST  FOURTH  STRKCT. 
NCW  YORK   CITY. 


The  only  genuine  Label  indorsed  by  American 

Federation"  of  Lapor  and  Organized 

Labor  in  general. 


"SAFETY" 

Insulated  Wires  and  Cables 

FOR  ALL  PURPOSES 

THE  SAFETY 

INSULATED  WIRE  AND  CABLE  CO. 
Bayonne.  N.  J. 

''Our  Union"  Overalls 

NONE  BETTER 


Sold  OTerywhere  for  75c.  Guaraiito^d  wtwmt 
rip.  A  trial  maKet  a  Mend  for  "  OUR  UNION  ** 
OVERALLS.  See  name  on  button.  ««OUR 
UNION"  H.L.1IB. 


Mfgd.  by  M.  LOEWENSTEIN  ft  BRO. 


428.^2  Broadwax,  N^ 

Digitized  by' 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  52s 


FLEISCHMANN'S 

COMPRESSED  YEAST 
HAS  NO  EQUAL 


Digitized  by 


Google 


526  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

''Union^made  Gloves  and  Mittens  hyMaiV 

You  can  SAVE  MONEY  by  wearing  our  GLOVES  and  MITTENS.  PRICES  arc  RIGHT 
and  MATERIAL  is  the  BEST.  You  will  find  no  seams  around  the  THUMBS  of  our  goods, 
which  insures  you  much  longer  wear.     Prices  as  follows: 

Grain  Reindeer  Glove,  gauntlet  or  short  wrist,  $1.00 
Grain  Horsehide  Glove,  gauntlet  or  short  wrist,  85c. 
Grain  Reindeer  Mitten,  $1.00;  Horsehide  Mitten,  85c. 

No  extra  charge  for  iining.  To  order  gloves  lay  hand  flat  on  paper,  fingers  extended,  and  trace  around 
with  pencil  and  MAIL  TO  US  with  money-order,  stating  material  and  style  wanted,  and  same  will  be  mailed 
to  your  home.    GIVE  US  A  TRIAL. 

BROTHERHOOD  GLOVE  CO.,  BatUe  CreeK,  Mich. 

r*^*^ — '■ — ^——^ — ■'■■ — -^ — ■'■■ — '^ 

DO  YOU  WANT  GOOD  RELIABLE 

RUBBERS? 

If  you  want  Rubber  Boots  and  Shoes  of  High  Quality  and  Established 
Reputation,  Rubbers  that  will  Wear  and  Satisfy,  ask  your  Dealer  for 
any  of  these  Brands: 

AMERICAN     BOSTON  RUBBER  SHOE       CANDEE 
MEYER  WALES-GOODYEAR  WOONSOCKET 

These  are  all  Famotss  Old  Brands*  Most  of  them  have  been  on  the  market  over 
fifty  years,  and  every  pair  is  stamped  with  its  name*    They  are  sold  by  the 

UNITED  STATES  RUBBER  COMPANY 

And  by  100,000  Shoe  Dealers  all  over  the  United  States. 

Ball  Watches 

Built  in  light,  healthy  shops,  by  well- 
paid,  skilled  labor — you  know  that  means   iU^^*>m^  ff"  w  yj^  ]mi-'>"'""-'''y''^^«\llD  •% 
best-quality  product.      Try  an  "Official  ^  A|H|aiBl  ^HWLRaS\\^a  X^^ 
R.  R.  Standard"  for  a  year— if  you're  ^BHBB^CT^    ^''^^Si;'iSr.S.»^"'^"*''0 
not  delighted  you  get  your  money  back.    ^^^^^^S^^^J^^jjr      cwicAMoT'.er  "*"'"'■'*■ 

dOH-ao«-aoa 

Send  for  Booklet  and  name  of  reliable  dealer  in  >  our  city  handling  the  Ball  Watches. 


THE  ^VEBB  C.  BALL  WATCH  CO. 

Cleveland  Digitized  by  <^C    CKicago 

BALL  -WATCHES   ARK  THE   RAILROAD    STANDARD 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


527 


HAVE  YOU  GOT  IT? 

If  not 

Get  the  Habit 


'*  Special  Order"  or  Made-to-Measure  Clothing  Bears  this  Label 


Ot  TO  OWOgW 


READY-MADE   CLOTHING,  SHIRTS,  OVERALLS, 

WHITE  DUCK  GOODS  AND  APRONS 

BEAR  THIS  LABEL 


If  Union -Made  the  Label  Should  be  in  the  Pocket  of  Each 
Garment  Sewed  in  by  Machine 


UNITED  GARMENT  WORKERS 
OF  AMERICA 


116-117  BIBLE  HOUSE 


NEW  YORK 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ I S 


528 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Tk*  I4«al  Garm«Btt  fcr  PartloUar  M«b 

Scientifically  constructed  with  an 
elastic  insertion  thatmakes  them  fit  and 
makes  them  comfortable  at  all  times. 

The  Scriven  Improved  Elastic  Seam 
Drawers  are  made  in  a  variety  of  popular 
Fabrics,  in  full  and  knee  lengths.  For 
sale  by  good  haberdashers  generally. 

Send/or  booklet  today  describing  the  various 
styles.  This  booklet  also  contains  a  comprehen- 
stve  treatise  on  Physical  Culture  for  the  busy 

business  man.    IV s  free, 
J.  A.  SCKHTElf  CO.,  S«U  Maaafactiirtn, 
16-18  East  IStk  StrMt,       •       N«w  T«rk 


Bell  Telephones  in  Wis- 
consin with  widely  de- 
veloped toll  lines,  toll 
offices,  exchanges,  reach- 
ing 1,200  cities  and  towns, 
including  all  the  promi- 
nent cities  in  the  state. 
Service  from  any  of 
these  points  to  all  parts 
of  the  country. 

WISCONSIN  TELEPHONE  CO* 

GENERAL  OFFICES: 
MILWAUKEE         -         -  WIS. 


MORSE  TOOLS 


are  universally  satisfactory.  They 
have  stood  the  test  of  time  and  proved 
their  value  in  years  of  service. 


Arbors.  Chucks,  Counterbores. 
Countersinks,  Cutters,  Dies,  Drills, 
Gauges,  Machines,  Mandrels,  Mills, 
Reamers,  Screw  Plates,  Sleeves. 
Sockets,  Taps,  Taper  Pins  and  Wrenches 


Morse  Twist  Drill  &  Machine  Go. 

New  Bedford,  Ma^s.,  U.  3.  A. 


Save  dollars 


THEM 


H2  RIVgTt.QUT  CfAM  .TWr  ES 

A  great  many  Brotherhood  men  are 
just  waking  up  to  the  fact  that  for  raUroad- 
ing  the  F.  P.  Sargent  Glove  is  infinitely 
superior  to  any  other  working  glore  on 
the  market. 

DETROIT  I  BATHER  <;PEC1ALTY  CO..  toe 


DETROIT.      Digitized  6y^C-       MICHIGAN 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


529 


"One  Good  Investment  is 
Worth  a  Lifetime  of  Labor" 


The  CELTIC  CARNIVAL  COMPANY 

OF  AMERICA 

itncmrporatmd  umdmr  thm  lam*  of  thm  Statm  of  M^^o  Tork) 

Presenting  the  Acme  of  Diversified  Amusement  and  Recreation  has  but  to  earn  $to,000  yearly 
(less  than  $200  per  week)  to  enable  it  to  pay  40  per  cent  dividend  on  the  par  value  of  its  shares 
($5.00),  which  is  80  per  cent  on  money  invested  in  its  EQUIPMENT  SHARES  atJHALF  PRICE 
($2.50).    THINK  IT  OVER. 


Pays  20  Times  Savings  BanK  Rates 

$100  in  savings  bank  earns   $4  a  year,  in  Celtic  Carnival  it  earns   $80  a  year 
$250  **       **        **       **    $10     **      **      **  **        **    **     $200     ** 

J500  **       **         **        **     $20      **       **       **  **         **     **     $400      ** 

$1,000  **        **         **        **     $40      **       **       **  **         **     **     $800      •* 

LoeKs  good,  doosn't  it?  But  don't  bolieve  it  until  we  proTO  it 

And  when  we  proTO  it.  Make  jronr  Honey  Work  for  Ton  as  it  shonld 

The  one  question  to  be  considered,  is  Celtic  Carnival  stock  as  safe  as  a  savings  bank?  Even  sav- 
ings banks  go  wrong,  occasionally.  Right  here  is  where  your  judgment  must  help  you.  We  believe 
the  CELTIC  CARNIVAL  is  as  safe  as  any  investment  can  POSSIBLY  be.  INVESTIGATE.  Look 
into  as  you  would  any  other  business,  and  you  can  make  no  mistake. 


! 


Write 


for 


Booklet 


Celtic  Carnival  Co.  of  America 


530 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


XmUm^y^ovkm  4650  Cortland 


GENUINE 

ROSENDALE  CEMENT 


4 


4, 


MANVFACrVREO  BY 

Consolidated    R^osendale    Cement    Company 

F.  N.  STRANAHAN,  Sales  Agent       26  Cortland  St.,  N.  Y.  Citx  a 


LINEN  COLLARS 

and  CUPP5 

°   ARE  STAMPED 

••Warranted   Linen" 

ARE    VOURS? 


Quaranteed  under  the 
Pure  Food  and  Dru^ 
Act,  June  30,   1906. 

Bonrri-ED  iim  bond 
Joel   B.   Frazior  Whiskey 


BONNIC  BROS.,  Inc. 

Oiatill«ra 
I^ot&isville,  Kenti&cKx 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST  531 


The  Prudential  Policy 

Will  provide  family  independence  for  the  future.  Funds  for  education  of 
children.  Freedom  in  use  of  present  Income  and  Capital.  Cash  for  later 
needs,  and  many  other  advantages.    You  want  the  best  in  Life  Insurance. 

The  Prudential  hae  the  beet  for  you.    Write  for  Information  of  Polldea     Dept.  112. 

The  Prudential  Insurance  Company  of  America 

Incorporated  as  a  Stock  Company  by  the  State  of  New  Jersey 
JOHN  F.  DRYDEN,  Pres't  HOME  OFFICE,  Newark.  N.  J. 


S^^i^- 


Maekay  Cure  for  Aleoholism 

SUREST,  SAFEST,  SHORTEST 

The  Only  Core  Adopted  by  Any  Govemment.  Stronaly 
Tecommended  hy  His  Grace*  tbe  Arebblaliop  of  Quebec* 
and  scores  ni  scientific  and  pbtlantbroplc  antbor- 
Itles.  Home  T^atment*  no  pabUdty  nor  deten- 
tion from  business;  no  opium  nor  iiypodermlc. 
It  cnrest   tbars    all.    Sanitarium  for  special  cases. 

Correspondence  Btrlctly  confldentia]  and  In  plain  sealed  envelopes. 
MACKAY  TUfATMENT  CO. 

Write  Department      9 ,  61  Maiden  Lane,  New  York. 


POWER  SERVICE 


You  can't  write  letters  and  shovel  coal  at  the 
same  time.  You  can't  give  proper  attention  to 
the  important  details  of  your  business  and  at  the 
same  time  be  annoyed  by  the  petty  troubles  of  a 
private  power  plant. 

You  can  sell  us  your  products  cheaper  than  we 
can  make  them — we  can  sell  you  Electric  Power 
for  less  money  than  it  costs  you  to  generate  it. 

If  your  power  plant  is  located  in  Philadelphia, 
we  will  make  all  preliminary  tests  and  estimates 
free  of  charge.     May  we  serve  you? 

The  Pbiladei|>bia  Electric  Co. 

Tenth  and  ^naom  Streets  r"^^^ 

Digitized  by  VjOVJV 


S32  AMERIPAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Smoke 

WHITE  ROLLS  CIGARETTES 


The  only  Independent  Union-Made  Cigarettes 
made  in' Virginia  or  North  Carolina 


WARE-KRAMER  TOBACCO  COMPANY 

Norfolk,  Va. 


From  iSaskatcHe^van 

to  Texas  the  Bitulithic  Pavement  has  spread  the 
past  few  Years. 

qWHY? 

q  Canadian  Cold  can  not  crack  it ;  the  Heat  of  the  Rio 
Grande  does  not  Dry  out  its  Life  and  Elas- 
ticity. 

q  It  is  the  Modern  Street  Pavement. 

SOUTHERN  BITULITHIC  COMPANY 

NASHVII^I^E,  TENN. 

Digitized  by  VjOO^Lg 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


533 


''Diamond''  Twist  Drills 
and  Reamers 

are  superior  in  quality  to  all  others 
because  material  of  Highest  Grade  is 
used  in  their  manufacture  and  skilled, 
intelligent  mechanics  use  their 
BRAINS  as  well  as  their  hands  in 
making  them. 


O  :r."s  <3> 


The  Whitman  &  Barnes 
Mfg.  Co. 

Geaeral  Salea  Office: 

CHICAGO,  ILLINOIS 

Factories: 

AKRON,  O.  CHICAGO,  ILL. 

ST.  CATHARINES,  ONT. 


UNDERWOOD 
STANDARD 
TYPEWRITER 


'Star  of  the  First  Magnitude. 


FACT  Nudier  10— The  Underwood  Escapement  If 

Faster  than  the  Fastest  Operator. 

The  SkOlcd  Mechanic  says:  '*It 

will  iast  a  hundred years.^' 

UNDERWOOD   TYPEWRITER    COMPANY. 
New  York  or  Anywhere 


Chew  BEEMAN'S  PEPSIN  GUM 


The  original 
PEPSIN  GUM 


For  Sale  by  All  Druggists 


FACTORIES: 
Qerdand,  O.    Kansas  City,  Mo.    Newarlt.N.J.    New  Orleans,  La.    Portland,  Ore.    Toronto,  Canada.    London,  England. 


nigitiypri  hy  ^  ^OOQlff 


534 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


T-m 


^m 


Time  to  turn  "  originated, 
vith  tluG  timei  candle.   Exact 
tiiTiG   originated  witK  tlie 

ELGIN 


Every  Elgin  Watch  is 
fully  guaranteed.  All 
jewelers  have  Elgin 
Watches,  An  interest- 
ing, illustrated  book- 
let about  watches, 
sent  free  on  request  to 

ELGIN 
ItATIONAL  WATCH  CO., 
Elgtn,  III, 


^' 


i    IJ57| 


/<? 


^. 


^^: 


III* 


•^^ 


^n 


O-.cT: 


»r»i  '  > 


«»*>■ 


Pneumatic  Took 

for  all  purposes,  and  all  favorites  of  the  skilled 
iron  worker.    One  man  by  the  aid  of  one  of 
these  tools  can  accom- 
plish as  much  as 
ten  men  by  old 
hand  methods. 


Send  for  our  gen- 
eral tool  and  compres- 
sor catalogues. 

Manufactured  by 

CHICAGO  PNEUMATIC  TOOL  CO. 


Hf  li«r  Bvlldintf 
CHICAGO 


95  Lib*flty  StTMt 
NEW  TOIK 


READING 
HARDWARE    CO. 


Landon  Design. 


Makers  of 

Builders'  Hardware 

Fine  Door  Locks 
The  "Ogden'' Check 

Gas,  Electric  and 
Combination  Furtures 

**  Reading'' 
Lawn  Mowers 


NEW  YORK, 

96-98  Reade  St 


FACTORIES: 

READING,  PA. 

CHICAGO, 
105  Lake  St. 
PHILADELPHIA, 
617  Market  St.    r<r^ir> 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


53S 


West  View  ParK 

On  the  Aflegheny-BeUeyoe  Loop 

OF  THE 

Pittsburg  Railway  Co's«  Lines 
Band  Concerts  •»«  Picnics  Daily 

AN  DEAL  PUCE 
FOR  AN  OUTING 


^ 


C*n  U  7tl>  and  Liberty  Sts. 


A  KCEN  EYE 
A  STEADY  HAND 
A   CLEAR   HEAD 

JpVERY  workingman  needs  them  and  wants 
»W  them.  Life  often  depends  on  their  pos- 
session. And  yet  they  must  drink  something 
more  thirst-quenching  than  water  or  ordi- 
nary soft  drinks.  flThere  is  just  one  bev- 
erage that  fulfills  these  conditions  ::     :: 


M^ 


! 
I 

I 


Cooling  '  Delicious  »  Refreshing 
Thirst' Quenching 

Putsin  vim  and  gointo  tired  brains  and  bodies 

^    5c.    EverywHere  5c. 


"T — r 


OUR  PET  BRAND 


EVAPORATED   MILK 

Guaranteed  under  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  June  30th,  1906 


A  pure,  unsweetened  condensed  milk,  completely  sterilized. 

Prepared  of  full  cream  milk  which  has  been 

produced  under  sanitary 

rules 


Helvetia  Milk  Condensing^  Co. 

HigHland,  111. 

Diyiii^yu  by  V-jOOQLC 


536 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


INDEX  TO  ADVERTISEMENIS 


OONTBNTS  OF  MAGAZINE,  PAGE  639. 


American  Cblde  CompaDy.. 


Page 
....  688 


Ball  Watch  CompaDy,  W.  C 626 

Baoffor  Slate  Compaoy 687 

Battle  Oreeic  Foot  GouipaDy ^...  586 

Badger  Brass  Manufacturing  Company 688 

Banner  BaKIng  Powder  Company 688 

Barker  Brand  Collars ^...  680 

Berry  Brothern 604 

Baeder,  Adamson  Company 688 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers'  Union 601 

Bemhelmer  A Bchwar.s 600 

Blgney.S.O 668 

Birmingham  Railway  Company 608 

Bonnie  Brothers 680 

Brotherhood  Olove  Company 626 

BranHwIck-Balke-Col  lender  Company 6K0 

Bower  Company,  The  P.  M 689 

C 

Capewell  Horse-Nail  Company Ponrth  Cover 

Celtic  c'arnival  Company ^ 629 

Chattanooga  Brewing  Company „ 690 

Chicago  Pneumatic  Tool  Company 684 

Chicago  Traction 680 

Cleveland  Twist  Drill  Company 6H6 

Cloth  Hat  and  Cap  Makers 606 

Consolidated  Rosendale  Cement  Company 680 

Crockett  Company,  David  B ^ 679 

Coca-Cola...^ 686 


Davies  A  Thomas 

Detroit  Leather  Specialty  Company.. 
DiU,  J.  G 


601 


Eagln  National  Watch  Company 684 

••  Edgeworth,"  "Obold"  and  »•  Sensible"  Tobacco 689 

Emerson  Drug  Company  606 

Evans,  Wllkens  A  Company 662 

Edgecombe  Company 602 


Fleischmann*s  Yeast 

Praser  Lubricator  Company.. 


Garment  Workers,  United 627 

Ulobe  Tobacco  Company 600 

Qoodyear  Lumber  Company _ 688 

Oarlock  Packing  Company » 601 


L  Page 

Lamed  Carter  Company .Second  Cover 

Lion  Brand  Mllk.....r7...:. 684 

M 

Mackay  Treatment  Company 681  . 

Masury  A  tion ^..^ 591 

McCreery  A  Company „ ^ „ 680 

McLaughlin  &  Company «.,^«„ figg 

Mengel  Box  Company 600 

Morse  Twist  Drill  and  Machine  Company 688 

Mail  Pouch  Tobacco Ponrth  Cover 

Michigan  State  Telephone  Company 688 

Mundy,  J.  S „ 591 

Muralo  Company „ 602 

N 

Narragansett  Brewing  Company „....Pourth  Cover 

National  Powder  Company 604 

New  York  Belting  and  Packing  Company 608 

North  Brothers  Manufkcturing  Company 604 

P 

People's  Security  Company 589 

Philadelphia  Electric  Company.. 681 

Pompelan  Manufacturing  Company 688 

Prentiss  Vise  Company 680 

Pmdential  Life  Insurance  Company 681 

R 

Reading  Hardware  Company 684 

Red  Siar  Yeast  Company ^ tSM 

Reed  A  Bamett  (Park  Avenue  Hotel) 686 

Royal  Baking  Powder  Company 678 

Ruppert,J „ ^  688 

Rubberset  Brush  Company —^ 602 

S 

Sandusky  Tool  Company 602 

Safety  Insulated  Wire  Company 600 

Siegel-Cooper  Company „ Third  Cover 

Singer,  Ernest 687 

Sweet,  Orr  A  Company Third  Cover 

Scriven  Company,  J.  A 688 

Smith  Bros.  Typewriter  Company 608 

Southern  Bitullthic  Company 682 

T 
Tailors,  Journeymen ..„  606 

U 

United  States  Rubber  Company 620 

Underwood  Typewriter  Company........ 688 

Union  Collar  Company ...^ 687 


Hatters,  United ^ 689 

'  Hart  A  Crouse  Company 601 

Hellenberg  A  Son ^ 687 

Helvetia  Milk  Condensing  Company »..^ 686 

Homnan.Oeo.  W 600 

Hanter  Rye  Whiskey 686 


Independent  Salt  Company 

International  Correspondence  School 


.  681 
.606 


Kltohel,8.  B.. 


Ware-Kramer  Tobacco  Company 682 

West  View  Park 686 

Winslow  Soothing  Svmp » 606 

Whitman  A  Barnes  Manufacturing  Company 688 

White  Sewing  Machine  Company ^ ..., ^89 

Willey  Company,  C.  A 604 

Wisconsin  Telephone  Company 628 

Wood  Mosaic  Flooring  Company 692 

Wright  A  Taylor ^ 679 


(687) 


Yonkers  Specialty  Company 602 

York  A  Sons,  J.  W >m."m..>^  Wl 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


538 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Red  Star 


COnPRBSSBD 


Yeast 


Co. 


nilwaukee. 

Wis. 


I 
I 


Michigan  State  Teleplione 
Company 

General  Offices    -    Detroit.  Mich. 

OPERATES  AND  CONNECTS  WITH 

400  EXCHANGES  IN 
MICHIGAN 

116,674  SUBSCRIBERS 
WITHIN  THE  STATE 

ALSO    CONNECTS    WITH    ALL    CITIES 

AND    TOWNS   IN    THE    UNITED 

STATES  BY  DIRECT  WIRE. 

GOOD  SERVICE 
AND  REASONABLE  RATES 

APPLY  TO  ANY  MANAGER  FOR 
INFORMATION. 


I 
I 

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how   to    be   clean 


Perfect  cleanlinen  of  the  tkin,  like 
clean  linen,  b  today  the  expected  thing 
in  a  man,  and  nerer  betpedu  over£w- 
tidiouinea  or  effeminacy.  Particular 
men  crerywhere  hare  /bond  that  &cial 
massage  dean  the  tkin  of  pore-dirt  that 
washing  does  not  uke  away — hence, 
as  a  matter  of  cleanlinen,  they  find 
frequent  massage  with 

POMPEIAN 

Massage  Cream 

indispensable.  Not  only  does  a  Pom- 
peian  Macsage  perfectly  cleanse  the  skin, 
but  it  removes  pimples  and  blackheads, 
ukes  out  stiffness  of  the  facial  muscles 
due  to  mental  or  ph3fkical  concentration, 
animates  the  tissues  and  makes  the  flesh 
firm  and  solid. 


C; 


Send  postal  card  today  and  we  will 
mail  you  a  generous  sample 


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98  Prospect  Street  Clereland,  Ohio 


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Popalar  for  Its    |^     ^^^^^^3^^    ROASTED  RIGHT 

Heal  Goodness  and  ^  [_       W^SJ^^^^^^^^^  

Reasonable  Price       V  ^^^^SSSS9   UNION  LABOR 

\^  ^;^^^^^^^|^^^^r  Digitized  by  L^OOQlC 
•W.  F.  McK,AUGHLIN  A  C014PA.NY.  CHICAC^   "  ' 


American  Federationist 

SAMUEL  OOMPERS,  Editor 
Official  Magazine  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 

1907 
Contents  for  August 

The  Kingdom  of  God  and  Modem  Industry     .  541 

By  IRA  W.  HOV/ERTH. 

Institutional  Markets  and  Prison  Labor   .  545 

By  GEO.  A.  ZELLER. 

The  Gods  of  Wealth  ( Poem)       •        .        .        .        .        547 

By  POLGER  McKINSEY. 

EDITORIAL  548 

By  SAMUEL  GOMPERS,  Prendeni,  American  Federation  of  Labor, 

Industrial  Slaughter  and  the  ** Enlightened"  Employers, 
Protest  Against  Alien  Contract  Labor  Decision. 
Japan's  Treatment  of  Foreigners. 
For  Better  Distribution  of  Immigrants. 

Seamen  vs.  Longshoremen   .     .        .  560 

A.  F.  of  L.  Exhibit  at  Jamestown       ....        563 

By  C.    P.  CONNELLY. 

Prevailing  Rate  of  Wages 56 1 

By  JUDGE  JAMES  W.  CRAIG. 

What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing      ....        565 

British  Trade  Disputes  Act 575 

Official 576 


Financial  Statement      ......  r.„._.„.u^(5So9le 


Digitized  by ' 
(589) 


UNION  LABEL  BULLETIN. 

iMued  by  the  Americu  Fedemkm  ci  Labor  June,  1906. 


10^^  W^^"^^  mm 


Copyriilil  by  the  American  Fedeiatioii  o(  Labor.    AO  ritkti  leMnred. 

DEMAND  THE  UNION  LABEL. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


DEVOTED  TO  THE  INTERESTS  AND  VOIOINO  THE  DEMANDS  OF  THE 
TRADE  UNION  MOVEMENT 


VoLXIV. 


AUGUST,  J907. 


No.& 


The  Kingdom  of  God  and  Modern 

Industry. 


By  Ira  W.  Howerth,  Ph.  D. 


THERE  is  a  difference  of  opinion 
among  Bible  students  as  to  the 
meaning  of  the  phrase  **the  King- 
dom of  God.*'  It  will  hardly  be 
denied,  however,  that  in  some  of 
its  uses  it  means  a  society  to  be  realized 
sometime,  somewhere,  either  here  or  here- 
after^  in  which  the  principle  of  love  shall 
be  supreme,  and  the  spirit  of  brotherhood 
shall  regulate  all  the  affairs  of  men — social, 
political,  religious,  and  industrial.  Assum- 
ing that  this  is  a  legitimate  interpretation 
of  the  phrase,  let  us  examine  one  section 
of  these  affairs,  namely,  the  industrial,  in 
order  to  see  how  far  they  conform  to  this 
ideal  conception.  First,  however,  let  us 
note  three  important  facts  concerning  the 
Kingdom  of  God  as  we  conceive  it. 

In  the  first  place,  then,  the  Kingdom  of 
God  is  a  social  ideal.  A  social  ideal  is  a 
conception  of  society  proposed  by  the  mind 
for  realization  or  attainment.  It  is  the 
standard  or  model  of  social  perfection.  In 
the  Kingdom  of  God,  as  set  forth  in  the 
new  testament,  we  have  the  social  ideal 
entertained  by  the  founder  of  Christianity. 

(641) 


In  setting  it  forth  he  was  engaged  in  no 
idle  speculation,  for  the  value  of  such  an 
ideal  is  as  inestimable  as  it  is  obvious.  A 
social  ideal  naturally  begets  in  those  who 
grasp  it  the  disposition  to  realize  it.  This  is 
but  an  instance  of  the  psychological  law 
that  an  idea  tends  to  work  itself  out  in 
action.  A  social  ideal  is  necessary  as  a 
standard  of  comparison  and  a  criterion  of 
judgment.  Unless  men  have  some  concep- 
tion of  what  society  ought  to  be  they  can 
not  pass  judgment  upon  society  as  it  is. 
Christ  saw,  what  every  great  teacher  has 
seen,  that  men  engaged  in  the  practical 
affairs  of  life  are  sure  to  have  their  vision 
clouded  by  the  smoke  and  dust  of  conflict. 
They  must,  therefore,  have  a  social  ideal  to 
which  they  can  lift  their  eyes,  and  which 
will  enable  them  to  discern  whether  a  pro- 
posed measure  is  properly  directed.  With- 
out such  an  ideal  there  will  be  no  conscious 
social  progress. 

This,  then,  is  the  first  fact — the  Kingdom 
of  God  is  an  ideal.  The  second  is  that  if 
we  accept  the  Kingdom  of  God  as  an  ideal 
we  must  admit  that  it  exists  potentia^Qi[g 


542 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


the  society  of  today.  A  true  ideal  is  latent 
in  the  actual.  An  ideal  that  can  not  be 
realized  is  a  false  light  leading  men  away 
from  the  true  path  of  progress,  an  ignis 
fatuus  luring  men  into  the  slough  of  defeat 
and  despond.  If  Christ  set  up  an  impossi- 
ble social  idea],  then  Christ  was  a  false 
teacher  not  worthy  to  be  followed.  This 
we  do  not  admit.  Unlike  most  teachers 
Christ  disregarded  details,  and  sketched 
only  the  broad  outlines  of  the  future  so- 
ciety. He  dwelt  only  on  the  com^Sletion  of 
principles  at  work  among  men.  Intelli- 
gence exists,  love  exists,  brotherhood 
exists,  and  these  principles  have  but  to  be 
carried  out  to  perfection  to  usher  in  the 
ideal  society.  **The  Kingdom  of  God  is 
within  you.*' 

The  third  fact  in  regard  to  the  Kingdom 
of  God  is  this:  If  we  accept  this  ideal  as 
realizable,  our  **Christian  duty*'  consists, 
and  consists  alone,  in  the  obligation  to 
promote  its  realization.  When  this  king- 
dom is  to  be  established  is  not  our  primary 
concern.  Our  business  is  to  advocate  and 
support  by  word  and  work,  by  voice  and 
vote,  every  measure  which  tends  mpst 
strongly  to  establish  it,  and  not  to  stand 
around  idly  inquiring:  *'How  long  do  you 
think  it  will  be  before  men  are  so  animated 
by  love  that  the  Kingdom  of  God  shall  be 
realized?"  No  kingdom  was  ever  estab- 
lished in  that  way.  When  an  **  anxious 
visitor"  tried  to  discourage  Lincoln  from 
prosecuting  the  war  for  the  Union  by  spec- 
ulating about  the  time  necessary  to  bring 
the  war  to  a  successful  conclusion,  he  said: 
**There  is  no  alternative  but  to  keep  peg- 
ging away.  *  *  And  so  with  those  who  accept 
the  Christian  ideal  of  humanity,  and  wish 
to  realize  it,  there  is  no  alternative  but  to 
keep  pegging  away.  Suppose,  for  instance, 
that  William  Lloyd  Garrison,  when  he 
conceived  the  ideal  of  freedom  for  the  slave, 
had  allowed  himself  to  be  diverted  by  spec- 
ulations about  the  length  of  time  that  must 
elapse  before  the  slave-holder  could  be  in- 
duced to  relax  his  grasp  upon  the  slave 
and  let  him  become  a  free  man.  He  might 
have  been  speculating  to  this  day.  But 
Garrison  was  not  so  impractical  as  that. 
He  left  the  time  of  the  realization  of  his 
ideal  to  GDd.  It  was  enough  for  him,  hav- 
ing: conceived  his  ideal  of  freedom,  to  strive 
with  might  and  main  to  realize  it.  Hear 
his  declaration  as  almost  alone  he  raised  his 
voice  for  emancipation:  **I  will  be  as  harsh 


as  truth,  as  uncompromising  as  justice.  I 
am  in  earnest.  I  will  not  equivocate.  I  will 
not  excuse;  I  will  not  retreat  a  single  inch, 
and  I  will  be  heard."  We  know  the  result. 
He  was  heard,  and  the  shackles  of  bond- 
age, touched  by  the  finger  of  love  and  of 
patriotism,  fell  from  the  limbs  of  4,000,000 
slaves. 

These,  then,  are  the  three  fundamental 
facts  in  regard  to  the  Kingdom  of  God:  It 
is  an  ideal,  it  exists  potentially  in  the 
society  of  today,  it  is  our  duty  to  promote 
its  realization. 

Now  the  first  step  towards  realizing  an 
ideal  is  to  see  how  far  existing  facts  and 
circumstances  fall  short  of  it.  We  are 
obliged  to  examine  the  actual  in  the  light 
of  the  ideal.  Let  us  therefore  carry  the 
lamp  of  investigation  into  modern  indus- 
trial conditions,  to  see  how  far  they  con- 
form to  the  principle^  of  the  Kingdom  of 
God.  We  shall  find  that  these  conditions 
are  far  from  perfect.  Perhaps  no  one 
would  contend  that  they  are  all  they  should 
be.  Some,  however,  can  not  read  with 
patience  any  criticism  of  these  conditions. 
And  it  is  hard  to  tolerate  a  criticism  that 
is  merely  captious,  simply  fault-finding. 
But  the  criticism  that  reveals  things  as  they 
are  in  order  to  promote  effort  to  make  them 
what  they  should  be,  is  not  captious,  it  is 
not  fault-finding,  but  a  most  helpful  service. 
Such  criticism  is  constructive,  it  is  essential 
to  progress.  The  individual  or  the  nation 
that  sets  itself  against  this  kind  of  criti- 
cism, by  itself  or  others,  defeats  its  own 
interests.  Intolerance  of  constructive  criti- 
cism is  a  manifestation  of  the  pride  which 
goeth  before  destruction,  and  the  hatighty 
spirit  which  precedes  a  fall. 

With  due  recognition,  then,  of  the  many 
elements  of  good  in  modern  industrial  life, 
let  us  observe  the  principal  features  which 
illustrate  how  far  it  is  from  being  an 
exemplification  of  the  principles  of  the 
Kingdom  of  God. 

First,  then,  as  to  the  end  of  industry. 
Modern  industry  is  organized  for  business 
purposes.  Its  end  is  profits.  In  seeking 
opportunities  for  investment  the  main  ques- 
tion of  business  is:  "  Will  it  pay  ?'  *  If  it  is 
profitable  to  manufacture  shoddy  goods,  to 
sell  adulterated  food,  to  mislead  the  public 
in  regard  to  an  article  by  lying  advertise- 
ments, to  starve  the  bodies  and  stunt  the 
minds  of  little  children  by  over-employ- 
ment, we  may  be  sure  that  it  will  be  done, 
Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


THE  KINGDOM  OF  GOD  AND  MODERN  INDUSTRY 


543 


for  from  a  business  standpoiut  it  pays. 
Busiuess  is  business!  Why  does  England 
sell  opium  to  China,  utterly  regardless  of 
its  injurious  eBFects  upon  the  Chinese?  Be- 
cause it  is  profitable  to  do  so.  Why  does 
Aiiirica,  while  professedly  bestowing  the 
ble>siags  of  civilization  upon  inferior  peo- 
ples, permit  the  sale  to  the  Filipinos,  for 
instance,  of  fire-water,  which  is  more  de- 
structive to  these  ,so  called  wards  of  ours 
than  both  the  elements  of  fire  and  water  ? 
Because  it  is  business.  Imagine,  if  you 
can,  a  sihgle  way  of  making  money,  not 
legally  prohibited,  which  is  not  now  pur- 
sued. The  meanest  occupations,  though 
not  fairly  representative  of  the  business  or- 
der, have  the  same  end  in  view,  namely, 
profits.  The  end  of  industry  is  essentially 
selfish.  Its  motto  is  not  '^I  serve,*'  but 
•'thou  must  starve  ere  I  want.**  Private 
profits,  not  the  general  good,  is  the  first 
object  of  consideration. 

Now.  obviously,  all  this  is  inconsistent 
with  the  principles  of  the  Kingdom  of 
God.  namely,  love  and  service.  These 
demand  that  the  primary  object  of  industry 
bi  the  well-being  of  men.  General  welfare 
must  be  nor  the  incidental  but  the  main 
object.  The  progressive  realization  of  the 
Kingdom  of  God  means,  therefore,  so  far 
as  industry  is  concerned,  that  it  must  be 
progres-iively  organized  and  conducted  on 
the  bisis  of  the  welfare  and  happiness  of  all 
the  workers,  and  not  on  the  basis  of  the 
prosperity  of  those  who  are  in  control  of  the 
system. 

So  much  for  the  end  of  modem  industry. 
Let  us  now  examine  its  method. 

The  dominant  method  of  the  industry  of 
today  is  competition.  Our  industrial  sys- 
tem is  consequently  called  the  competitive 
system.  Competition  is  its  mainspring. 
The  end  being,  as  above  shown,  individual 
or  selfish,  the  method  can  not  rise  to  the 
high  level  of  emulation.  It  will  inevitably 
be  accompanied  by  practices  inimical  to  the 
general  good,  misrepresentation,  fraud, 
adulteration,  secret  agreements,  and  all  the 
other  shadv  practices  known  to  modern 
business.  The  results  of  unbridled  compe- 
tition would  be  socially  disastrous.  They 
are  best  sugj^ested  in  Byron*s  poem  entitled 
*'Dirkn5ss.**  The  poet  pictures  the 
cmsequences  of  blotting  out  the  heat  and 
light  of  the  sun.  *'The  bright  sun  was 
extinguished,  and  the  stars  did  wander 
darkling     through    the    ethereal    space.** 


The  final  outcome  is  the  depopulation  of 
the  world.  His  description  of  the  gradual 
advent  of  desolation  and  chaos  is  one  of  the 
most  horrible  in  all  literature.  And  yet 
the  efiFects  are  no  more  destructive  and 
hideous  than  those  that  would  inevitably 
follow  if  the  bright  sun  of  love  and  mutual 
help  were  extinguished,  and  men  were  left 
to  fight  out  the  industrial  battle  under  the 
law  of  competition  alone.  "Anarchy  and 
competition,'*  says  Ruskin,  *'are  the  laws 
of  death."  Obviously,  then,  competition 
is  inconsistent  with  the  complete  realiza- 
tion of  the  Kingdom  of  God.  Its  princi- 
ples can  become  dominant  only  through  co- 
operation. 

Finally,  let  us  consider,  in  the  light  of 
the  Christian  ideal,  some  of  the  results  of 
industry.  We  must  confine  ourselves  to 
one  phase  of  the-e  results.  We  pass  over 
production  and  distribution  and  consider 
only  the  more  immediate  effects  upon  some 
of  the  people  engaged  in  industry. 

The  maxim  of  industry  is,  ''everyone  for 
himself  and  the  devil  take  the  hindmost.** 
Now,  who  are  the  **hindnio.«*i'*  in  the  eco- 
nomic struggle  for  exi.<teiice?  You  will 
say  "they  are  the  ignorant,  the  intemper- 
ate, the  depraved,  the  vicious,  the  physic- 
ally unfit,  the  mentally  incompetent;  they 
make  their  own  bed  and  they  must  lie  in  it,  *  * 
though  let  us  not  forget  that  that  is  not  a 
Christian  sentiment.  But  are  these  all  that 
are  to  be  found  among  the  hindmost  in  the 
industrial  struggle  ?  By  no  means.  Among 
them  are  to  be  ft^und  the  inh:*ritors  of  phys- 
ical and  mental  weakness,  who  being  thus 
handicapped  through  no  fault  of  their  own 
are  predestined  to  failure.  They  are  the 
product  of  industrial  conditions.  England 
has  long  boasted  that  she  is  the  workshop  of 
the  nations.  For  the  profits  of  trade  her 
mills  and  her  factories  have  been  kept  go- 
ing at  a  breathless  and  exhausting  pace. 
What  has  been  the  effect  upon  her  people  ? 
Parliamentary  inquiries  have  shown  that 
there  is  a  physical  and  mental  degeneracy 
among  them  unparalleled  in  any  of  the 
continental  nations  of  Europe.  One-third 
of  the  men  who  enlisted  for  the  Boer  war 
were  rejected  as  physically  unfit,  although 
the  .standard  of  fitness  was  lower  than  at 
anv  time  since  the  battle  of  Waterloo.  The 
average  life  of  the  laboring  class  in  England 
is  22  vears,  while  that  of  the  so-called  up- 
per classes   is  44   years.     The  life  of  the 

laborer    is  in  large  measure   sacril 

Digitized  by  ^ 


544 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


industry.  Yet  the  laboring  man  is  the  basis 
of  England's  greatness.  Well  might  Low- 
ell's words  be  addressed  to  England's  em- 
ployers— 

Have  ye  founded  your  thrones  and  altars,  then, 
On  the  bodies  and  souls  of  living  men  ? 
And  think  ye  that  building  shall  endure 
Which  shelters  the  noble  and  crushes  the  poor? 

But  there  are  still  others  who  are  left 
behind.  They  are  the  highly  sensitive,  the 
scrupulously  conscientious — individuals  en- 
dowed with  the  finest  qualities  that  have 
blossomed  in  our  civilization,  and  who  be- 
cause of  these  qualities  are  incapable  of 
resorting  to  the  tricks  of  trade  necessary 
to  success.  There  are  women,  too,  forced 
by  the  unpitying  hand  of  dire  necessity  to 
enter  industrial  callings,  but  who  lack  the 
strength  or  cunning  successfully  to  compete. 
There  are  at  least  5,000,000  women  in  the 
gainful  occupations  of  this  country — some 
of  them  under  conditions  injurious  phys- 
ically, mentally,  and  morally.  The  highest 
courts  of  some  of  our  states  declare  that  a 
law  limiting  the  hours  of  labor  for  these 
women  is  unconstitutional.  It  may  be  so, 
but  if  it  is,  so  much  the  worse  for  the  state. 
The  state  or  the  nation  that  permits  its 
women  to  stunt  their  bodies  and  dwarf 
their  minds  by  over-exertion  in  insanitary 
stores  and  mills  and  factories  is  thereby 
signing  its  own  death  warrant.  For  the 
degeneracy  of  women  is  the  degeneracy  of 
the  race.  A  nation  can  not  rise  higher  than 
its  women.  A  people  can  never  be  any 
better  than  its  mothers. 

Finally,  there  are,  among  the  hindmost, 
children  of  tender  years,  driven  by  the 
necessities  or  cupidity  of  parents,  or  en- 
ticed by  the  greed  of  employers,  to  enter 
the  industrial  race,  from  which  they  are 
carried  maimed  and  bleeding,  or  left  hope- 
lessly behind  to  drag  out  a  miserable  exist- 
ence. One  million  seven  hundred  fifty  thou- 
sand children  are  employed  in  the  industries 
of  this  land.  Sixteen  states  and  territories, 
including  the  District  of  Columbia,  have 
no  minimum  age  limit  for  their  employ- 
ment in  factories;  and  21,  none  for  their 
employment  in  mines.  Not  less  than  80,000 
children,  most  of  whom  are  little  girls,  are 
at  present  employed  in  our  textile  mills. 
About  twenty-five  thousand  children  are 
now  working  in  the  cotton  mills  of  the 
various  southern  states,  sometimes  for  12 
hours  a  day,  and  the  number  is  yearly  in- 


creasing. Some  of  these  children  are  but 
five  and  six  years  of  age.  Nor  is  the  south 
alone  to  blame.  One  hundred  and  twenty 
thousand  children  are  in  the  mines,  mills, 
and  factories  and  before  the  furnaces  of 
Pennsylvania.  What  is  the  excuse  for  this? 
We  are  told  that  it  is  the  severity  of  indus- 
trial competition.  Without  child  labor,  em- 
ployers say  they  can  not  compete.  But, 
whatever  they  say,  we  know  that  the 
sacrifice  of  children  to  the  industrial  pros- 
perity of  a  country  is  criminal  brutality 
exceeding  that  of  the  ancient  Ammonites, 
who  sacrificed  their  children  to  Moloch  in 
the  valley  of  Tophet,  for  they  obeyed  a 
religious  impulse,  and  our  only  excuse  is 
the  ignorance  and  cupidity  of  parents  and 
the  greed  of  employers.  It  out-Herods 
Herod,  for  he  destroyed  only  the  children 
two  years  old  and  under,  while  modem 
greed  is  no  respecter  of  age. 

One  feels  like  paraphrasing  the  words  of 
Christ  and  applying  them  to  the  employers 
of  child  labor:  Who  so  shall  employ  one  of 
these  little  ones  to  his  hurt  *4t  were  better 
for  him  that  a  mill-stone  were  hanged  about 
his  neck,  and  that  he  were  drowned  in  the 
depth  of  the  sea.*'  But,  the  brutality  of  it 
aside,  think  of  its  ultimate  economic  effects. 
Child  labor  in  our  manufacturing  indus- 
tries means  the  premature  exhaustion  of 
our  labor  power.  It  means  plucking  the 
the  apple  of  labor  before  it  is  ripe.  The  so- 
called  prosperity  obtained  by  it  is  Dead  Sea 
fruit.  Health,  intelligence,  manhood,  and 
womanhood  are  a  nation's  chief  asset,  and 
woe  be  to  us  if  we  sacrifice  them  for  profits. 

These,  then,  are  some  of  the  results  of 
modern  industry  as  it  is  carried  on  today. 
They  are  sufl&cient  to  show  its  lack  of  con- 
formity to  the  principles  of  the  Kingdom 
of  God.  The  gradual  displacement  by  these 
principles  of  those  now  in  operation  means 
the  progressive  reorganization  of  industry 
upon  the  basis  of  welfare.  Now  think  of  an 
army  ofmen  organized  and  disciplined,  every 
man  in  his  place  and  drilled  and  equipped  to 
fill  that  place,  all  animated  and  inspired  by 
love  of  country  and  the  hope  of  victory, 
their  motto,  **A11  for  each  and  each  for 
all. "  and  of  the  irresistible  force  with  which 
such  an  army  moves  against  an  obstacle, 
and  you  have  a  mental  conception  of  what 
industry  ought  to  be,  and  what  it  would  be 
under  the  full  operation  of  the  prindples 
of  the  Kingdom  of  God. 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


545 


Institutional  Markets  and  Prison  Labor 


By  Geo.  A.  Zbli^br,  M.  D. 


THERE  has  been,  and  still  is,  a  dis- 
tinct relationship  between  the  mer- 
chant and  the  public  institution, 
lu  the  first  place,  he  supports  the  in- 
stitution. In  spite  of  bargain  and  reductio.n 
sales  there  are  still  some  goods  on  the  shelf 
when  the  assessor  comes  around,  and  I  feel 
sure  that  the  merchant  pays  his  full  share 
of  the  public  tax,  out  of  which  the  public 
institution  draws  its  support.  This  being 
true,  the  merchant  has  demanded  restitu- 
tion to  the  fullest  extent  consistent  with 
the  needs  and  the  resources  of  the  institu- 
tion, and  this  he  received  except  in  those 
instances  where  superintendents  were  so 
blind  as  to  ignore  state  lines. 

I  found,  for  instance,  that  large  sums  of 
money,  drawn  from  the  public  funds  of 
Illinois,  were  sent  to  distant  states  in  pay- 
ment of  supplies  used  in  the  maintenance 
of  the  dependents  of  Illinois.  Whatever  may 
be  your  views  or  mine  upon  the  question 
of  state  rights,  we  certainly  all  agree  that 
the  public  funds  of  the  state  should  revert 
to  those  who  contribute  them  to  the  utmost 
limit  of  honorable  competition. 

Commercial  representatives  may  be  ever 
so  ingenious  in  showing  the  advantages  of 
a  distant  market  but  all  their  arguments 
disappear  when  it  comes  to  enriching  the 
people  of  one  state  with  the  funds  wrung 
from  the  people  of  another.  Accepting 
this  as  true  the  public  ecpnomist  takes 
the  ground  that,  as  a  state  should  utilize 
its  own  resources  in  the  maintenance  of 
its  dependents  those  dependents  should 
be  dependent  upon  their  own  resources  to 
the  extent  of  their  productive  ability.  In 
general  these  dependents  were  divided  into 
two  great  classes,  the  delinquent  or  crimi- 
nal and  the  defective  or  afflicted.  Of  the 
former  there  are  about  four  thousand  in 
the  custody  of  the  state  of  Illinois.  They 
are  the  inmates  of  both  the  penitentiaries, 
the  reformatory  at  Pontiac  and  the  various 
other  institutions  for  the  detention  of  those 
who  have  violated  the  statutes. 

They  are  for  the  most  part  vigorous  and 
able  bodied  and  have  either  learned  trades  or 
are  capable  of  being  quickly  taught.  These 


qualities   were  not  overlooked  by   thrifty 
manufacturers  and  as  a  result  the  system  of 
contract  labor  was  instituted.     It  seems  a 
very  plausible  disposition  of  the  productive 
energy  of  the  state   and  it   grew  to  such 
proportions  that  contractors  absorbed  prac- 
tically all  of  the  spare  labor  of  the  prisoner. 
Great    industrial     plants    were     installed 
within  the  prison  walls  and  business  was 
prosperous.     The  state  profited  by  the  45 
or  50  cents  a  day  paid  for  the  labor  of  each 
convict  and  the  contractor  prospered  by 
reason  of  the  cheap  labor  at  his  command, 
and  it  seemed  a  most  satisfactory  solution 
of  the  employment  of  the  idle  criminal. 
Meanwhile  what  appeared  to  be  a  blessing 
was  proving  a  curse.     The  intelligent  and 
law  abiding  laborer  found  his  field  of  ac- 
tivity restricted  and  his  wages  reduced  and 
the  manufacturer  who  was  not  so  fortunate 
as  to  have  a  prison  contract  found  himself 
at  a  disadvantage  in  trying  to  compete  with 
his  rival  so  favored. 

Try  as  he  would  he  could  not  make  the 
expenditure  of  $2  a  day  compete  with  45 
cents  a  day.  The  practice  grew  into  a 
political  factor  and  each  attempt  to  abolish 
it  brought  abotit  strong  political  pressure 
which  for  years  successfully  prevented 
such  action. 

An  agency  that  could  always  be  depended 
upon  by  the  prison  contractor  was  labor  it- 
self. In  some  subtle  manner  it  was  made 
apparent  to  the  laboring  man  that  his  field 
would  be  invaded  once  prison  contracts 
were  abolished  and  he  moved  along  secure 
in  the  belief  that  this  was  the  best  solution 
of  the  question. 

Meanwhile  more  than  15, 000 dependents, 
more  or  less  helpless,  were  receiving  state 
care  in  the  charitable  institutions  and  the 
supplies  necessary  for  their  maintenance 
were  bought  in  the  open  market.  It  re- 
quired merely  the  comparison  of  the  4,000 
healthy  delinquents  with  the  15,000  de- 
pendents to  discover  a  solution  of  the  pro- 
blem of  the  employment  of  the  prison 
population,  and  when  it  was  proposed  that 
the  labor  of  the  one  would  be  employed  in 
supplying  the  needs  of^fbe  oth^^^gfe 


546 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


orgauizations  were  foremost  in  their  advo- 
cacy of  the  change.  With  their  consent  it 
was  stipulated  that  no  goods  were  to  be 
manufactured  for  the  open  market  until  the 
wants  of  the  institutions  were  supplied  and 
that  but  40  per  cent  of  the  prison  capacity 
was  to  be  so  engaged  even  then.  With  this 
proviso  the  bill  was  passed  and  so  stands 
upon  the  statutes  at  present. 

It  was  stubbornly  opposed  in  its  passage 
and  even  the  officials  obstructed  it  before 
and  after  it  became  a  law. 

It  was  pointed  out  that  insanity  was 
claiming  the  convicts  by  the  hundred,  that 
tuberculosis  was  threatening  all  of  them, 
and  that  a  general  uniting  or  uprising 
would  take  place.  It  required  time  to  in- 
stall new  machinery,  to  learn  the  needs  of 
the  institutions  and  to  determine  just  what 
class  of  goods  could  be  advantageously  made 
at  the  respective  prisons.  It  also  required 
time  to  remove  the  machinery  of  the  con- 
tractors and  in  the  interval  these  contractors 
were  still  hopeful  that  the  law  might  fail. 

I  saw,  for  instance,  200  machines,  owned 
by  a  certain  concern  which  makes  your 
feet  glad.  This  house  has  the  exclusive 
use  of  400  convicts  at  45  cents  a  day,  men 
who  could  be  made  to  labor  by  the  power 
of  discipline,  of  punishment,  of  the  abro- 
gation of  parole  or  time  deducted,  and  by 
solitary  confinement. 

Was  it  right  that  this  house  should  com- 
pete with  manufacturers  who.  were  paying 
living  wages  to  living  men  in  the  indus- 
trial world  ? 

Those  men  are  now  engaged  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  shoes  for  the  15,000  inmates  of 
the  asylums,  and  while  an  institutional 
market  has  been  closed  to  the  merchant  he 
is  freed  from  that  ruinous  competition  which 
former  conditions  invited. 

I  am  glad  to  say  that  in  my  discussion 
of  the  prison  labor  law  the  merchants  with 
whom  I  came  in  contact  invariably  recog- 
nized the  wisdom  of  one  set  of  those  in  the 
custody  of  the  state  supplying  the  wants  of 
the  other. 

Incidentally  an  upward  movement  is  on 
in  every  branch  of  the  public  service.  The 
institutions  are  being  lifted  out  of  the  mire 
of  politics.  The  limitations  of  the  institu- 
tional market  will  prove  an  important 
factor  in  this  evolution.  Superintendents 
will  no  longer  cast  about  to  determine 
which  individual  or  which  party  or  faction 
of  a  party  needs  to  be  placated  by  an  order 


and  the  energy  heretofore  expended  in  that 
manner  will  accrue  to  the  benefit  of  his 
charges.  The  institutional  market  was 
always  over-rated  in  its  importance.  The 
idea  that  a  campaign  should  hinge  upon 
the  recognition  of  this  or  that  house  was 
preposterous,  and  the  house  that  had  do 
greater  security  than  that  founded  upon  its 
ability  to  manipulate  the  wires  in  a  way 
that  would  give  the  exclusive  patronage  of 
an  institution,  has  little  to  commend  it. 
,  Bradstreet  would  not  include  it  as  a  per- 
quisite. Commerce  is  built  upon  a  higher 
plane  and  is  looking  higher. 

The  misfortunes  of  humanity  are  not  to 
be  exploited  for  abnormal  gain.  The  ad- 
ministration of  public  charity  has  as  its 
underlying  principle  the  broadest  philan- 
throphy  and  one  thus  engaged  must  not 
be  dominated  by  business  details  and  noth- 
ing has  contributed  more  to  the  concentra- 
tion of  mind  so  necessary  in  this  work  than 
the  creation  of  the  Board  of  Prison  Inda«^tries. 

There  still  remains  to  the  merchant  a 
considerable  field.  The  pay-roll  of  the 
Bartonville  Asylum,  for  instance,  is  more 
than  jt7,000  a  month  and  a  considerable 
portion  of  this  must  eventually  find  its 
way  into  the  channels  of  trade. 

The  public  is  most  considerate  in  its 
treattpent  of  its  dependents.  It  demands 
nothing  in  reason  be  denied  them  but  the 
idea  that  the  inmates  of  prisons,  schools  or 
hospitals  should  be  supported  in  idleness 
finds  few  supporters  in  this  strenuous  age. 
Every  dollar  withheld  from  a  dependent 
beyond  his  actual  need  and  comfort  is  a  re- 
proach upon  the  state  and  a  false  economy, 
but  every  dollar  wasted  in  luxury  or  idle- 
ness is  equally  objectionable.  Every  dollar 
thus  wasted  is  equivalent  to  taking  aschool- 
book  out  of  the  hands  of  an  Illinois  school 
boy  and  a  book  withheld  from  a  child  at  a 
critical  time  in  its  life  may  rob  the  world 
of  a  genius. 

So  intimate  are  the  relations  of  the  state 
towards  its  institutions  that  commercialism 
by  the  very  nature  of  things  can  not  be 
allowed  to  enter  without  seriously  hamper- 
ing the  work,  and  if  for  no  other  reason  I 
for  one  recognize  in  the  Bureau  of  Prison 
Industries  a  distinct  agent  for  the  better- 
ment of  the  public  service,  a  position  in 
which,  I  am  happy  to  say,  I  have  been 
supported  by  the  very  merchants  who  by 
reason  of  its  creation  have  suffered  con- 
siderable in  patronage^  V^jOOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TlONIST  547 

The  Gods  of  Wealth. 

By  FOLGER  McKlNSEY. 

The  heathen  rages  in  his  night,  the  pagan  in  his  darkness  plods; 

They  burn  the  vestal  taper  light  before  the  altars  of  their  gods. 

The  Hindu  and  the  Parsee  bow  unto  the  temple  and  the  shrine — 

Our  gods  of  wealtl^,  with  vow  on  vow,  assert  the  creed  of  **Thine  Is  Mine!'* 

To  those  to  whom  the  wealth  belongs  they  throw  a  sop  from  time  to  time, 
And  call  it  charity;  the  throngs  receive  it  with  applause  sublime. 
"Hurrah  for  the  philanthropist!'*   'Tis  thus  they  utter  praise  and  cheer — 
Too  blind  amid  the  gathering  mist  to  sec  the  dawn  of  truth  appear! 

Who  are  more  pagan  than  our  own  ?  Who  are  more  heathen  than  are  these  ? 
They  toil  for  bread  and  eat  the  stone;  they  earn  the  wine  and  drink  the  lees. 
They  wear  the  gyve  and  bear  the  chain;  they  build  the  wealth  that  others  save; 
They  feel  most  all  the  bitter  pain  and  wounded  spirit  of  the  slave. 

The  gods  of  wealth  on  thundering  cars  of  might  roll  down  the  roaring  years. 
Along  their  path,  with  woands  and  scars,  men  fall  before  these  charioteers. 
They  flaunt  the  purple  of  their  state  before  the  weak  and  wondering  poor, 
Who  tremble  in  the  garden  gate  and  cringe  beside  the  cottage  door. 

Oh,  fickle  worship,  false  renown!  Oh,  cruel  dominion  of  the  strong! 
This  creed  that  beats  another  down,  this  temple  builded  on  the  wrong. 
Save  us,  O  spirit  of  the  heart,  lest  in  our  anger  we  forget, 
And  in  the  barricaded  mart  see  Danton's  spirit  living  yet! 

Rail  not  because  the  pagan  prays  to  hideous  idols  of  his  skill! 

Rail  not  because  the  heathen  slays  his  children  at  a  totem's  will! 

The  Brahmin  may  not  be  so  bad,  the  Moslem  hardly  less  divine. 

Than  those  whom  we  consider  glad  because  they  own  your  share  and  mine ! 

Awake,  O  boasted  brotherhood!  before  the  doctrine  grows  apace— 
•*  'Tis  better  to  be  rich  than  good!" — resounding  in  the  marketplace. 
The  rich  are  gathering  more  and  more;  the  power  we  give  them  will  not  do. 
Men  feel  no  less,  for  being  poor,  this  menace  of  the  greedy  few! 

The  gods  of  wealth!   and  what  are  they,  that  men  should  grovel  in  the  dust 
Before  these  recreant  birds  of  prey,  the  hinges  of  whose  conscience  rust  ? 
Of  righteous  wealth,  when  unabused,  let  no  one  utter  word  of  blame — 
But  what  when  hearts  of  men  are  used  as  fagots  kindling  folly's  flame  ? 

Awake !  Arouse !  The  times  are  bright  with  civic  virtue,  gathering  heart. 

That  will  no  longer  barter  right  with  some  Colossus  of  the  mart! 

Let  art  and  poesy  have  a  chance;  let  in  the  sun  of  moral  health; 

Till  these,  no  longer  mere  romance,  become  our  only  gods  of  wealth ![)jgjtized  by  CjOOQIC 


548  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


EDITORIAL 

By  SAMUEL  COMPERS. 

I N  DUSTRI AL  Many  able  editors  and  after-dinner  moralists  never  tire 

SLAUGHTER  of  telling  the  workingman  that  the  employers  have  no 

AND  THE  objection  to  the  "reasonable**  aspirations  of  union 

"ENLIGHTENED"  jabor  and  that  all  they  desire  is  '*peace  with  justice.*' 
EMPLOYERS  j  r  i 

Even  the  Parrys,  Posts,  and  Van  Cleaves,  as  we  have 

shown,  profess  to  be  friendly  to  ''legitimate**  unions;  all  that  they  oppose 
is  what  they  call  ''aggression'*  or  "dictation.**  We  have  commented  upon 
these  empty  and  hypocritical  professions  of  the  enemies  of  labdr  more  than 
once,  but  the  adjournment  of  a  number  of  legislatures  without  action  worth 
mentioning  on  the  vital  question  of  industrial  accidents  or  compensation, 
affords  another  instructive  text. 

Let  us  see  what  organized  labor  has  asked  in  the  premises,  what  the 
"manufacturers — with  some  honorable  exceptions — have  said  and  done  and 
what  the  legislatures,  under  pressure  of  selfish  and  sordid  interests,  have 
given  to  labor. 

When  Congress  and  the  legislatures  met  in  the  winter  months  the 
question  of  industrial  accidents  was  ripe.  The  President  discussed  it,  the 
governors  of  New  York  and  of  Illinois,  among  other  executives,  dealt  with 
it  vigorously  in  their  messages  and  in  public  addresses.  To  expose  work- 
men to  unnecessary  risks,  to  save  a  few  dollars  at  the  expense  of  human 
lives,  limbs,  and  earning  capacity,  is  positively  inhuman,  a  disgrace  to  our 
boasted  civilization  and  progress,  said  these  public  leaders.  Thousands,  it 
was  demonstrated,  were  sacrificed  in  Pittsburg  alone,  to  the  greed  and  self- 
ishness of  the  manufacturers.  In  the  country  at  large,  hundreds  of  thou- 
sands are  thus  sacrificed,  and  yet  even  ordinary,  inexpensive  devices  and 
safeguards  are  seldom  installed  without  a  long  struggle. 

Industrial  exhibits  were  held  last  winter  in  Chicago,  New  York,  Bos- 
ton and  elsewhere  to  teach  employers  how  to  guard  machinery,  prevent 
accidents,  and  give  reasonable  security  to  their  workmen.  The  newspapers 
wrote  intelligently  and  humanely  upon  the  subject  and  pleaded  for  greater 
regard  for  human  life  on  the  part  of  the  manufacturers  and  the  legislators. 
It  seemed,  to  the  unsophisticated,  that  the  year  could  not  fail  to  advance 
very  materially  the  cause  of  industrial  security. 

But  the  legislatures  have  all  adjourned,  and  what  is  the  net  result  of  the 
agitation,  the  efforts  of  labor,  the  messages  of  progressive  governors,  the 
warnings  of  the  press?  The  result  is  unsatisfactory. 

True,  Pennsylvania  passed  an  employers*  liability  law  that  is  an  ad- 
vance on  the  ordinary  laws  of  this  kind  but  which  falls  far  short  of  the 
dictates  of  simple  justice.     The  "fellow-servant**  doctrine,  that  relic  of  a 

Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  549 

by-gone  age  and  system,  was  not  abrogated,  and  the  doctrine  of  contribu- 
tory negligence  was  also  allowed  to  remain  on  the  statute  books.  Still, 
the  new  act  is  some  concession  to  the  modern  spirit,  to  the  requirements 
of  equity.  In  New  York  and  in  Illinois  the  legislature  did  nothing.  In 
the  latter  state  several  important  bills — known  as  ''industrial  safety*'  bills — 
were  introduced  and  jockeyed  with.  The  accident  compensation  bills — 
one  for  compulsory,  the  other  for  voluntary  compensation — were  also  sub- 
mitted, after  a  long  and  painstaking  inquiry,  by  a  special  commission  that 
had  been  created  under  a  resolution. of  the  previous  legislature.  None  of 
these  bills  passed,  and  all  failed  owing  to  open  or  secret  opposition  from  the 
reactionary  class  of  manufacturers — the  class  that  still  regards  workmen  as 
semi-dependents  or  semi -serfs  for  whom  any  condition  is  good  enough. 

Even  a  provision  for  publicity  in  the  case  of  deaths  and  other  accidents 
in  mills  and  factories,  for  prompt  notification  of  the  authorities  and  imme- 
diate investigation,  was  killed  in  Illinois.  Those  responsible  for  industrial 
slaughter  resent  as  impertinent  the  demand  of  the  state,  in  behalf  of  the 
people  for  information  and  light. 

What  matters  it  if  numbers  of  workmen  are  every  now  and  then  blown 
to  atoms,  suffocated,  or  caught  and  mangled  by  machinery  or  crushed  by 
improperly  secured  derricks?  And  so  the  industrial  slaughter  will  go  on, 
and  thousands  of  lives  will  be  sacrificed  every  year  to  Moloch. 

Contrast  the  situation  in  this  country  with  that  of  other  industrial 
countries,  with  their  systems  of  accident  insurance  that  embraces  practically 
the  whole  adult  working  population,  or  with  their  improved  accident  com- 
pensatk>n  acts.  The  last  of  a  series  of  amendments  in  England  has  just  gone 
into  effect,  and  it  applies  the  automatic  insurance  system  even  to  domestic 
labor,  besides  enlarging  the  scope  and  benefits  of  the  act  in  several  other 
ways. 

That  the  American  situation  is  intokrable  and  disgraceful  is  felt  by 
all  thinkers  and  observers.  President  Roosevelt  devoted  a  considerable  por- 
tion of  his  address  of  June  11th  at  the  Jamestown  Exposition  to  this  ques- 
tion of  industrial  accidents,  employers*  liability,  and  the  crying  injustice 
of  the  existing  conditions.  Mr.  Roosevelt  dealt  specifically  with  the  rail- 
roads and  their  employes,  but  of  course  his  arguments  apply  with  equal 
force  to  manufacturers,  mine  operators,  builders  and  contractors,  and  the  in- 
dustrial world  generally.  We  quote  at  length  from  Mr.  Roosevelt's  address, 
because  it  gives  clear  and  strong  expression  to  truths  that  should  be — but, 
alas!  are  not — accepted  as  axiomatic,  and  because  they  indicate  the  lines  of 
legislation  and  action  for  the  immediate  future.     He  said: 

At  present,  both  in  the  sphere  covered  by  national  legislation  and  in  the  sphere 
covered  by  state  legislation,  the  law  in  too  many  cases  leaves  the  financial  burden  of 
industrial  accidents  to  be  borne  by  the  injured  workmen  and  their  families;  and  a 
workman  who  suffers  from  an  accident  either  has  no  case  at  all  for  redress  or  else  must 
undertake  a  suit  for  damages  against  his  employer.  The  present  practice  is  based  on' 
the  view  announced  nearly  seventy  years  ago,  that  '^principles  of  justice  and  good  sense 
demand  that  a  workman  shall  take  upon  himself  all  the  ordinary  risks  of  his  occu- 
pation." 

In  my  view,  principles  of  justice  and  good  sense  demand  the  very  reverse  of  this 
view,  which  experience  has  proved  to  be  unsound    and    productive -^ of .  widespread qqTp 


550  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

suffering.  It  is  neither  just,  expedient,  nor  humane.  It  is  revolting  to  judgment  and 
sentiment  alike  that  the  financial  burden  of  accidents  occurring  because  of  the  necessary 
exigencies  of  their  daily  occupation  should  be  thrust  upon  those  sufferers  who  are  least 
able  to  bear  it,  and  that  such  remedy  as  is  theirs  should  only  be  attained  by  litigation 
which  now  burdens  our  courts. 

As  a  matter  of  fact  there  is  no  sound  economic  reason  for  distinction  between  acci- 
dents caused  by  negligence  and  those  which  are  unavoidable,  and  the  law  should  be 
such  that  the  payment  of  those  accidents  will  become  automatic  instead  of  being  a 
matter  for  a  law  suit.  Workmen  should  receive  a  certain  definite  and  limited  compen- 
sation for  all  accidents  in  industry,  irrespective  of  negligence. 

There  should  be  the  plainest  and  most  unequivocable  additional  statement,  by 
enactment  of  Congress,  to  the  effect  that  railroad  employes  are  entitled  to  receive 
damages  for  any  accident  that  comes  to  them  as  an  incident  of  the  performance  of  their 
duties,  and  the  law  should  be  such  that  it  will  be  impossible  for  the  railroads  success- 
fully to  fight  it  without  thereby  forfeiting  all  right  to  the  protection  of  the  federal  gov- 
ernment under  any  circumstances.  In  the  same  way  there  should  be  rigid  federal 
legislation  to  minimize  all  railway  accidents. 

As  we  have  already  said,  though  the  President  particularly  specified 
railroad  workmen,  there  can  be  no  dissent  from  the  view  that  the  principle 
enunciated  is  applicable  to  all  wage-earners. 

All  this  is  elementary  justice  and  common  sense.  Yet  the  employers 
send  lobbies  to  defeat  the  simplest  legislation  for  the  prevention  of  fatal 
accidents  and  reasonable  compensation  to  victims.  Yet  we  are  told*  by  the 
same  interests  that  it  is  the  trade  unions  that  are  "unreasonable,** 
**extreme,**  and  ''selfish,'*  and  that  the  employers  are  ready  to  do  justice. 

Labor  in  the  United  States  asks  for  no  old  age  pensions  and  the  like 
from  government,  federal  or  state,  but  it  insists  that  effete  decisions  of 
courts,  coined  centuries  ago  under  comparatively  primitive  conditions 
should  have  no  application  in  our  modern  industrial  era.  That  in  our. 
time  a  higher,  better,  and  more  humane  conception  of  labor — life — man 
must  find  its  expression  in  law  and  in  practice. 


PROTEST  AGAINST  Recently  the  Attorney-General  rendered  an  opinion 
ALIEN  CONTRACT  in  regard  to  the  '*Anti-Alien  Contract  Labor*'  pro- 
LABOR  DECISION,  vision  of  the  immigration  law  which  in  effect  nulli- 
fied its  very  essence  and  purposes.  He  held  if  men  were  on  strike  in  a 
trade  in  the  United  States  employers  could  contract  with  foreign  workmen 
and  bring  them  to  this  country,  on  the  ground  that  ''labor  of  like  kind** 
could  not  be  obtained  here.  Of  course  every  one  familiar  with  this  legisla- 
tion is  aware  that  this  very  thing  was  sought  to  be  obviated  by  federal 
law.  The  Attorney-General's  reasoning  is  therefore  all  the  more  peculiar. 
The  matter  was  officially  brought  to  the  attention  of  the  President  of  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor  by  Mr.  Richard  Kitchelt,  President  of  the 
Lithographic  Artists,  Engravers  and  Designers*  League  of  America. 
Though  that  organization  is  unaffiliated  to  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor,  we  believed  that  the  matter  involved  the  interests  of  all  labor,  and 
therefore  determined  to  act  in  the  matter.  We  intended  to  confer  with  the 
Secretary  cf  Commerce  and  Labor  in  regard  to  it,  but  Mr.  Straus  had  al- 
ready gone  on  a  tour  of  inspection  of  the  principal  Pacific  Coast  immigra- 
tion stations.     We    had  an  engagement  with  Secretarjfj^g^g^  T^^QT^ft  [^ 


AMERICAN  FED  ERA  TIONIST  551 

bring  to  his  atteutiou  certain  other  labor  grievances  and  incidentally  re- 
lated to  him  the  Attorney- General* s  opinion  and  the  evil  results  which 
would  inevitably  follow  should  it  be  permitted  to  stand.  He  suggested  we 
write  him  all  the  facts  in  the  case,  which,  with  the  assistance  of  President 
Kitchelt,  we  immediately  did  in  the  following  letter: 

Office  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor, 

Washington,  D.  Q.^  July  2,  1907, 
Hon.  W11.LIAM  H.  Taft, 

Secretary  of  War, 

Washington,  D.  C. 

Sir:  During  the  interview  with  you  today,  I  called  your  attention  to 
the  opinion  rendered  by  the  Attorney- General  in  the  case  of  two  aliens, 
August  Kurzdofer  and  John  R.  Haering,  and  under  which  the  decision  of 
the  Board  of  Special  Inquiry  at  Ellis  Island,  for  the  deportation  of  these 
men,  was  reversed  and  their  landing  ordered. 

I  only  learned  of  this  case  a  day  or  so  ago.  The  Secretary  of  Commerce 
and  Labor,  Hon.  Oscar  S.  Straus,  is  not  in  the  city,  and  as  I  learned  he  is 
out  on  a  tour  of  inspection  of  the  Pacific  Coast,  I  therefore  could  not  avail 
myself  of  bringing  the  matter  to  his  attention.  After  briefly  reciting  the 
case  to  you,  I  asked  your  advice  in  regard  to  the  matter,  and  you  suggested 
my  writing  to  you  upon  it,  and  which  I  promptly  do  as  follows: 

.  It  appears  that  two  aliens  by  the  names  of  August  Kurzdofer  and 
John  R.  Haering,  lithographic  stippiers.  were  detained  at  the  joit  of  Kew 
York  and  ordered  deported  by  the  decision  of  the  Board  of  Special  Inquiry 
as  workmen  imported  under  contract  by  the  American  Lithographic  Com- 
pany. The  case  was  appealed  to  the  Secretary  of  Commerce  and  Labor, 
who  referred  the  matter  to  the  Department  of  Justice,  and  an  opinion  was 
rendered  by  the  Attorney- General,  of  which  the  enclosed  is  a  copy,  and 
marked  **Exhibit  A." 

Acting  upon  this  opinion,  the  Commissioner  of  Immigration,  Mr. 
Robert  Watchom,  at  the  port  of  New  York,  admitted  the  two  aliens  and 
addressed  a  letter  to  Mr.  Richard  Kitchelt,  of  which  the  enclosed  is  a  copy, 
and  marked  **  Exhibit  B.*' 

We  contend  that  the  opinion  rendered,  and  upon  which  the  decision 
for  the  landing  of  these  two  aliens  was  reached,  is  not  in  accordance  with  the 
law,  with  the  facts  in  the  case,  nor  with  the  evidence  submitted  and  adduced 
before  the  Board  of  Special  Inquiry  at  the  port  of  New  York. 

The  opinion  and  decision  is  based  on  the  exception  in  the  Alien  Con- 
tract Labor  Law,  which  permits  the  importation  of  skilled  labor  under 
contract  **when  labor  of  like  kind  can  not  be  found  unemployed  in  the 
United  States.'* 

There  were  at  the  time  these  two  lithographic  stippiers  were  imported, 
there  were  for  many  months  previous  thereto,  ard  there  have  been  ever 
since,  upwards  of  240  lithographic  artists  unemployed  in  the  United  States 
whom  the  American  Lithographic  Company  refused  to  employ,  solely  be- 
cause they  are  members  of  a  union.  Many  of  these  240  lithographic  artists 
are  as  highly  skilled  as  the  two  aliens  in  question.  They  are  ''Labor  0/ a 
like  kind, ' '  and  they  are  unemployed. 

Of  this  large  number  of  unemployed  the  decision  takes  no  cognizance, 
although  their  existence  was  not  controverted  at  the  trial  before  the  Board 
of  Special  Inquiry. 

We  can  hardly  believe  it  is  the  purpose  of  this  decision  to  establish 
that  membership  in  a  trades  union  nullifies  the  standing  of  workmen  under 
the  law  as  "labor  of  like  kind  unemployed."  It  is  our  underitacding  that 
the  intent  and  purpose  of  this  exception  to  the  Alien  ContractgjJ^|J)|g^\]L^OQlc 


552  AMERICAN  FEDERATI0NI8T 

is  to  provide  for  the  admission  of  skilled  workmen  for  newly  established 
industries,  or  for  industries  which  have  grown  with  a  rapidity  in  excess  of 
the  possibility  of  educating  workmen  in  sufficient  numbers  to  supply  the 
requirements  for  skilled  help. 

If  it  is  the  purpose  of  this  decision  to  ignore  as  'iabor  of  like  kind  un- 
employed" union  members  whom  employers  refuse  to  employ  solely  because 
they  are  members  of  a  labor  organization,  the  law  has  been  given  a  new  in- 
terpretation. We  desire  to  ask,  is  this  the  interpretation  of  the  law  it  is  the 
intention  of  this  decision  to  establish?  A  positive  answer  to  this  specific 
question  is  greatly  desired. 

But  if  the  decision  merely  intends  to  imply  that  it  was  not  established 
at  the  trial  that  there  were  not  workmen  sufficient  for  the  needs  of  the 
American  Lithographic  Company  unemployed,  regardless  of  union  affilia- 
tion, then  we  beg  leave  to  call  attention  to  various  portions  of  the  evidence 
submitted  to  the  Board  of  Special  Inquiry  showing  that  there  were  large 
numbers  of  union  lithographic  artists  unemployed,  and  that  this  evidence 
was  not  refuted. 

Mr.  Kupfer  one  of  the  superintendents  of  the  American  Lithographic 
Company  testified  that  this  concern,  which  was  the  one  which  was  attempt- 
ing to  import  the  aliens,  could  use  only  10  or  12  additional  lithographic 
stipple  artists  (see  minutes  of  Board  of  Special  Inquiry,  part  5*  page  27). 

Mr.  Kitchelt  for  the  protestants  testified  that  240  men,  of  whom  over 
100  were  stipple  artists,  specialists  at  the  particular  class  of  work  the  two 
aliens  were  imported  to  do,  were  unemployed  (see  minutes,  part  2,  pages 
12-13).  This  testimony  of  Mr.  Kitchelt  remained  unrefuted  throughout 
the  hearing. 

The  advice  of  the  Attorney-General  on  the  appeal,  however,  cites  a 
paragraph  which  appeared  on  a  typewritten  sheet  alleged  by  counsel  for 
the  aliens  to  be  a  copy  of  a  circular  the  **National  Advisory  Board'*  of  the 
lithographic  artists'  * 'league"  had  issued  as  rendering  Mr.  Kitchelt's  evi- 
dence of  the  number  of  lithographic  artists  unemploy«l  **of  little  weight." 
The  paragraph  in  question  read  as  follows: 

The  employers'  own  figures  show  that  the  number  of  mefu  they  lack  in  the  art 
department  is  actually  greater  than  the  whole  number  now  out,  so  that  were  the  strike 
to  be  settled  tomorrow,  there  would  not  be  enough  men  to  fill  all  vacancies. 

Without  discussing  the  authenticity  of  this  alleged  copy  of  a  supposed 
circular,  or  the  question  of  the  value  of  a  circular  issued  to  encourage  union 
men  on  strike,  in  comparison  with  sworn  testimony,  we  submit  that  the 
statement  above  quoted  does  not  in  any  way  contradict  Mr.  Kitchelt* s 
testimony  of  the  number  of  unemployed,  nor  does  it  have  any  bearing  on 
the  question  at  issue. 

The  American  Lithographic  Company  alone,  not  all  of  the  lithographic 
firms  in  the  United  States,  was  endeavoring  to  import  additional  litho- 
graphic artists.  Mr.  Kupfer,  representing  the  American  Lithographic 
^Company,  testified  that  that  concern  needed  only  12  additional  lithographic 
artists.  How  many  the  other  lithographic  concerns  might  need  can  not 
enter  into  the  question. 

//  is  fully  established  thai  the  number  of  lithographic  stipple  artists  required 
by  the  American  Lithographic  Company  existed  ten  times  over  unemployed  in 
the  United  States, 

Whether  there  would  be  sufficient  lithographic  artists  for  all  the 
lithographic  employers  in  the  United  States  if  all  of  them  at  once  sought 
to  re-employ  all  the  men  they  had  locked  out  does  not  enter  into  the 
question  at  all.  But,  even  if  it  did,  such  a  proposition  would  involve 
mere  guess-work,  and  it  would  be  impossible  to  determine  positively, 
until  all  lithographic  artists  had  actually  been  employed,  whether  there 
were  sufficient  in  the  United  States  to  do  all  the  work  that  existed  to  be 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  553 

done.  So  long  as  one  competent  man  remained  unemployed  and  willing  to 
work^  the  exception  to  the  law  would  remain  without  bearing  on  the  prohibition 
against  importing  alien  labor  under  contract.  But  the  American  Litho- 
graphic Company  wanted  only  12  men,  and  there  were  100  **workmen  of 
like  kind  unemployed  in  the  United  States'  *  from  which  to  draw. 

The  American  Lithographic  Company  attempted  to  import  two  stipple 
artists.  At  the  hearing  before  the  Board  of  Special  Inquiry  four  unem- 
ployed, first-class  stipple  artists,  namely,  Chas.  Wagner,  August  Schroeder, 
Frederick  Harder  and  Herman  Kaufman,  were  placed  upon  the  witness 
stand.  All  four  of  these  men  testified  that  they  had  been  employed  upon 
and  were  capable  of  doin^  first-class  stipple  work,  and  samples  of  the  work 
of  the  first  three  of  them  was  placed  in  evidence;  their  ability  as  litho- 
graphic stipple  artists  was  not  challenged. 

All  four  testified  that  they  were  unemployed  and  that  they  desired  em- 
ployment. 

AH  four  of  these  witnesses  also  testified  that  to  their  personal  knowledge 
there  were  at  that  time  many  first-class  lithographic  stipple  artists  unem- 
ployed (see  minutes,  part  3,  page  I3,  16,  17,  18,  19,  20,  22  and  29,  and 
part  4,  pages  1  and  7).  There  was  no  testimony  presented  in  refutation 
of  the  statements  of  these  witnesses  regarding  the  number' of  first-class 
lithographic  stipple  artists  unemployed  in  the  United  States,  nor  of  their 
testimony  that  they  themselves  were  unemployed,  desired  employment,  and 
were  capable  of  doing  the  kind  of  work  the  two  aliens  had  been  imported 
to  do. 

In  view  of  the  testimony  of  the  four  men,  it  surely  can  not  be  con- 
tended that  there  were  '*no  workmen  of  like  kind  unemployed  in  the 
United  States"  to  do  the  work  the  aliens  were  imported  to  do.  There  was 
no  evidence  whatever  presented  before  the  Board  of  Special  Inquiry  to  show 
that  the  aliens  could  perform  a  higher  class  of  work  than  the  four  wit- 
nesses previously  referred  to,  or  than  the  numerous  other  lithographic 
stipple  artists  it  was  testified  were  unemployed.  Indeed,  there  was  none 
offered  to  show  that  their  work  was  of  even  as  high  a  quality.  The  testi- 
mony showed  only  that  the  two  aliens  made  miniatures  on  stone  with  a 
pen,  a  process  technically  called  lithographic  stipple  work  (minutes,  part 
2,  pages  1  and  11).  They  were  shown  to  be,  on  no  evidence  but  their  own 
testimony,  simply  lithographic  stipple  artists;  and  that  there  were  many 
such  unemployed  was  amply  shown. 

We  submit  that  the  testimony  offered  by  certain  of  the  employers  that 
there  was  a  shortage  of  workmen  at  various  times  prior  to  the  beginning  of 
the  • 'strike"  in  August,  1906,  has  no  relevancy  whatever  to  the  case  in 
hand.  The  question  at  issue  is,  were  there  any  unemployed  at  the  time  the 
two  aliens  were  imported? 

It  may  not  be  amiss  to  give  a  brief  account  of  the  cause  of  the  contest 
between  the  lithographic  artists,  engravers,  and  designers*  '*  league"  and 
the  national  association  employing  lithographers,  which  was  inaugurated 
nearly  1 1  months  ago.  •  The  employers  were  the  sole  aggressors,  and 
though  the  contest  is  generally  known  as  a  strike,  it  was  indeed  a  lockout, 
without  any  cause  or  provocation,  and  without  any  purpose  other  than  to 
destroy  the  organization  of  the  workmen;  while  the  men  have  maintained 
the  struggle  for  this  long  period  for  no  other  reason  than  to  preserve  their 
right  to  belong  to  any  lawful  organization  of  their  choice. 

Of  course,  beneath  the  employers'  desire  to  destroy  the  union,  very 
probably  lies  the  deeper  motive  of  wishing  to  be  free  to  reduce  wages;  and 
beneath  the  workmen's  struggle  lies  their  desire  to  protect  themselves  from 
the  wage  reductions  and  undesirable  working  conditions  Yet  it  is  certain 
that  the  injustice  of  the  attack  had  as  much  to  do  with  the  fight  the  work- 
men have  made  as  any  material  advantage  they  expect  to  d6^iyfe(fB9<BJOOQlc 


554  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

For,  despite  the  sordidness  of  our  age,  it  remains  true  that  men  will  often 
sacrifice  more  for  principle  than  for  dollars. 

The  attack  upon  the  union  was  regarded  as  particularly  outrageous  by 
the  men  for  the  reason  that  they  were  operating  in  perfect  harmony  with 
the  employers,  had  made  no  demands  and  did  not  contemplate  making  any. 
Indeed,  the  league  never  has,  since  its  organization  in  1901,  made  any 
demands  whatever  on  the  employers,  although  it  had  been  compelled  to 
defend  itself  from  a  similar  attack  in  1904,  which  it  successfully  resisted 
after  four  weeks'  contest. 

About  August  12,  1906,  the  date  varying  in  diflFerent  cities,  the  em- 
ployers in  the  association  posted  **open  shop"  notices  in  their  art  depart- 
ments, stating  that  all  men  who  remained  at  work  would  be  considered  to 
have  accepted  its  conditions.  But  they  went  even  further  than  this.  They 
had  resignation  blanks  printed,  and  every  man  who  applied  for  work  was 
required  to  sign  one  in  duplicate  and  the  employer  himself  sent  it  to  the 
union  oflScers  by  registered  mail. 

Naturally,  no  worker  with  a  spark  of  manhood  in  his  being  would  sub- 
mit to  such  tyranny.  The  men  believed  that  among  the  fundamental 
principles  of  American  liberty  was  the  right  to  organize,  and  they  refused 
to  sign  away  their  liberty  and  their  rights  for  a  job.  They  saw  the  em- 
ployers organized;  they  demanded  the  same  right  for  themselves,  and  they 
refused  to  sign  themselves  into  slavery  and  degradation. 

No  attempt  was  made  to  import  lithographic  workmen  until  eight 
months  after  the  strike  began,  during  all  of  which  eight  months  there  were 
from  500  to  250  lithographic  workmen  unemployed  in  the  United  States. 
How  many  were  unemployed  nine  or  ten  months  previously  does  not  afiFect 
the  question.  It  is  notable,  however,  in  this  connection,  that  only  one  em- 
ployer, Mr.  Gray,  admitted  having  advertised  for  first-class  lithographic 
artists  prior  to  the  beginning  of  the  **strike"  in  August,  1906,  and  he 
testified  that  he  had  advertised  only  once  (minutes,  part  5,  page  20).  Mr. 
Gray  also  testified  that  no  effort  was  made  by  the  lithographic  employers  to 
import  lithographic  artists  prior  to  the  beginning  of  the  strike  (minutes, 
part  5,  p.  21).  Does  not  this  suggest  that  it  was  the  unwillingness  to  em- 
ploy union  men,  rather  than  any  dearth  of  workmen,  that  induced  the  ad- 
vertising and  attempts  to  import,  only  after  the  strike  began,  when  there 
were  several  hundred  more  men  unemployed  than  was  the  case  before? 

Several  of  the  employers  testified  that  they  would  not  employ  litho- 
graphic artists  who  were  members  of  a  trade  union,  regardless  of  their 
ability  as  skilled  workmen  (see  minutes,  part  5,  pages  3-6-22  and  27). 

Mr.  Kupfer  testified  that  he  had  been  instructed  by  the  American 
Lithographic  Company  not  to  employ  any  lithographic  artists  who  were 
union  members. 

It  is  admitted  that  the  very  essence  and  purpose  of  the  provisions  of 
the  Immigration  Law,  commonly  known  as  the  ** Anti-Contract  Labor 
Law,"  contemplated  covering  just  such  cases  under  discussion.  If  the 
opinion  of  the  Attorney-General  and  the  decision  thereunder  is  upheld, 
then  all  that  will  be  necessary  in  the  event  of  contest  between  the  employers 
and  workmen,  is  for  one  of  them,  at  a  time  to  bring  laborers  and  workmen 
here,  under  contract,  and  the  showing  that  American  workmen  refuse  to 
accept  employment  under  conditions  that  constitute  an  invasion  of  their 
rights,  and  it  will  constitute  proof  that  there  are  not  sufficient  workmen 
here  "of  like  kind."  The  alien  contract  laborers  can  then  be  brought 
here  in  unlimited  numbers  and  the  aims,  purposes,  and  plain  reading  of  the 
law  will  be  nullified. 

Having  an  intimate  knowledge  of  the  purpose  of  those  who  sought  the 
enactment  of  the  Anti-Alien  Contract  Labor  Law,  as  well  as  those  who 
advocated  its  passage   in   Congress,    and   having  full  information^of  ^Ij 

Digitized  by' 


AMERICAN  FEDERA TIONIST  555 

purposes  of  this  legislation  since,  I  have  no  hesitancy  in  expressing  the  con- 
viction that  the  opinion  and  decision  rendered  in  the  cases  in  question  are 
repugnant  to  and  perversive  of  the  legislation  upon  this  subject. 

It  is  quite  evident  that  in  this  case  the  American  Lithographic  Com- 
pany ignores  the  "supply"  of  lithographic  stipp!ers  and  lithographic 
artists,  and  undertook  to  import  workmen,  not  because  of  their  particular 
skill,  but  because  they  were  non-union  workmen;  and  that  the  real  reason 
for  the  importation  of  these  alien  laborers  under  contract,  was  to  break  a 
strike  and  destroy^  a  union  of  workmen.  If  this  company  would  not  make 
it  a  condition  that  the  men  shall  leave  the  lawful  organization  of  which 
they  are  members,  as  a  condition  precedent  to  their  employment,  it  could 
secure  10  times  as  many  workmen  as  it  requires,  unemployed  in  the 
United  Stales. 

It  is  contended  that  the  existing  alien  contract  labor  law  was  not  in- 
tended to  provide .  employers  with  the  means  to  bring  in  foreign  laborers 
under  contract,  for  the  purpose  of  destroying  a  union  of  workmen. 

When  it  is  borne  in  mind  that  there  are  now  more  that  a  million  aliens 
coming  to  our  shore  annually  and  when  the  general  trend  of  the  best  judg- 
ment is  for  some  better  restriction  or  regulation,  it  seems  almost  revolting 
to  the  conscience  that  a  new,  far-reaching  and  dangerous  interpretation 
should  be  given  to  a  law  specially  designed  to,  in  a  measure,  protect  the 
American  workmen  from  methods  and  influences  calculated  to  be  injurious 
to  their  progress  and  welfare. 

Very  respectfully  yours, 

Samuel  Gompers, 
Presideni,  American  Federation  of  Labor, 

This  case  is  of  great  importance  to  all  labor.  The  law  enacted  to  pro- 
tect the  American  standard  of  life  of  our  workmen  from  being  undermined  by 
contracting  and  bringing  to  this  country  strike-breakers  to  defeat  the  honest 
and  just  aspiration  of  America's  toilers,  will  not  be  permitted  to  stand  with- 
out most  emphatic  protest.  The  opinion  of  the  Attorney-General  is  far- 
fetched and  entirely  out  of  harmony  with  the  spirit  and  purpose  of  the 
Anti- Alien  Contract  Labor  Law.  The  law  will  be  upheld  and  if  necessary 
made  more  effective. 


JAPAN'S  ^^  American  who  has  been  in  business  in  Japan  more  than 

TREATMENT  twenty  years,  who  frequently  visits  the  United  States,  and 
OF  who  fully  understands  the  attitude  of  Japan  toward   all 

FOREIGNERS,  foreigners,  wrote  a  letter  recently  which  the  New  York 
Herald  published. 

From  it  we  take  the  following: 

The  Japanese  demand  equal  rights  in  America.  Here  is  our  position  in 
Japan: 

We  are  here  for  business.  Therefore,  knowing  the  people,  we  do  as 
we  are  told.     Otherwise,  it  is  wise  to  leave  the  country. 

We  are  not  allowed  to  own  real  property  or  to  have  any  mining  rights. 
We  can  only  buy  certain  securities.  We  can  not  hold  Japanese  on  certain 
mortgages.  When,  in  order  to  do  business,  we  place  certain  properties  or 
securities  in  the  name  of  a  Japanese,  and  the  said  Japanese  absconds,  the 
courts  will  not  even  consider  his  act  as  a  criminal  one. 

We  are  not  allowed  to  attend  Japanese  schools,  old  or  young. 


We  are  only  permitted  to  reside  in  certain  sections. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


556  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

Such  a  simple  thing  assailing  a  private  pleasure  boat  is  restricted.  We 
can  not  leave  the  treaty  port  unless  with  a  permit,  and  it  is  next  to  im- 
possible to  secure  a  permit.  The  Japanese  go  anywhere  desired,  but  a 
foreigner  can  not  enter  any  port  of  Japan  except  the  regular  open  ports  of 
the  water  front. 

At  the  theatres  the  Japanese  rate  is  60  sen.  No  foreigner  is  admitted 
under  2  yen  (200  sen). 

The  hotels  are  on  a  similar  basis. 

It  is  a  known  fact  that  justice  can  not  be  had  except  in  the  higher 
courts,  and  every  case  against  a  foreigner  is  carried  to  the  Supreme  Court 
before  justice  is  given.  The  delegation  at  Tokio  knows  this  point  only  too 
well. 

In  taxes  foreigners  pay  double  the  rates  paid  by  the  Japanese. 

The  treaties  state  positively  that  foreigners  shall  not  be  subject  to  war 
taxes  or  duties.  These  were  levied,  just  the  same,  and  we  did  not  think 
it  wise  to  raise  any  objection,  but  the  facts  are  as  stated. 

The  simple  fact  is  that  the  Japanese  do  not  want  foreigners  here  and 
are  doing  everything  in  their  power  to  drive  them  from  the  country.  The 
reason  the  facts  are  not  generally  known  is  that  every  foreign  resident  is 
watched,  and  it  is  not  policy  for  him  to  state  such  facts  for  publication. 

A  copy  of  this  letter  has  been  sent  to  Washington.  It  was  indorsed 
by  the  majority  of  the  foreign  community  residing  in  Japan,  not  as  showing 
their  dislike  for  the  Japanese,  but  of  the  one-sided  manner  in  which  the 
Japanese  are  acting.  Foreigners  in  Japan  stand  all  these  inconveniences, 
while  the  Japanese  **kick"  when  they  have  the  least  provocation. 


FOR  BETTER  Congress  at  its  last  session  created  a  new  division  of 

DISTRIBUTION  the  Bureau  of  Immigration  and  Naturalization  to 
OF  IMMIGRANTS,  regulate  the  immigration  of  aliens  and  for  their  more 
advantageous  distribution,  Mr.  T.  V.  Powderly  being  appointed  as  chief  of 
the  division.  The  following  correspondence  and  circulars  indicate  the 
method  employed  to  secure  the  best  possible  results.  The  letters  addressed 
*to  governor  of  Porto  Rico  and  to  Secretary  Roach  of  the  leather  workers 
are  typical  of  those  sent  to  the  governors  of  states  and  territories  and  to  the 
secretaries  of  labor  organizations  throughout  the  jurisdiction  of  the  United 
States. 

The  correspondence  and  circulars  should  be  read  by  all  interested  in 
the  labor  cause,  and  the  oflScers  of  labor  organizations  should  hereafter 
keep  the  chief  of  the  division  posted  in  regard  to  trade  disputes  in  existence 
or  anticipated. 

Bureau  of  Immigration  and  Naturalization, 

Washington,  Ju/y  p,  1907. 
Samuel  Gompers,  Esq., 

President^  American  Federation  of  Labor ^ 
Washington,  D.  C. 
Sir:  Herewith  find  inclosed  copies  of  letters  which  have  been  sent  to 
the  governors  of  the  various  states  and  territories  of  the  United  States,  and 
to  the  international  unions  aflfiliated  with  the  American  Federation  of  Labor. 
These  letters  will  be  of  interest  to  you  in  showing  how  the  Division  of  In- 
formation intends  to  make  itself  useful  in  distributing  admitted  immigrants. 
The  division  will  be  grateful  for  any  suggestions  you  may  desire  to  make 
anent  this  subject. 

Respectfully,  T.  V.  Powderly,      ^ 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  ssi 

Bureau  of  Immigration  and  Naturalization, 

Washington,  July  8,  1907, 
John  Roach,  Esq. 

Secretary,  Amalgamaied  Leather  Workers'  Union  of  America, 
Box  414,  Newark,  New  Jersey. 
Sir:  With  the  approval,  and  by  order,  of  the  Commissioner  General  of 
Immigration,  Hon.  F.  P.  Sargent,  under  whose  direction  the  Division  of 
Information  is  operated,  I  enclose  for  your  information  a  copy  of  a  letter 
now  being  mailed  to  the  governors  of  the  various  states  and  territories.  It 
is  the  intention  to  follow  this  up  with  a  letter  of  inquiry  to  every  official  or 
person  who  may  be  able  to  give  authentic  infoimation  relative  to  the  dis- 
tribution of  newly  admitted  immigrants.  In  a  word,  it  shall  be  my  aim  to 
tap  every  known  source  of  information  on  the  subject. 

You  will  observe  that  in  question  2,  paragraph  f,  data  concerning 
strikes,  lockouts,  and  other  labor  difficulties,  is  asked  for.  The  object  of 
this  is  self-evident,  and  to  secure  full  and  reliable  information  from  all 
sides,  I  iaddress  you  with  the  hope  that  you  will  aid  us  in  the  work  of  mak- 
ing this  division  a  most  useful  adjunct  to  the  Bureau  of  Immigration  and 
Naturalization  by  keeping  it  constantly  in  touch  with  your  organization, 
and  always  informed  as  to  such  variations  and  fluctuations  as  may  affect 
the  employment  of  your  members. 

Congestion  of  immigrants  in  any  one  locality  is  not  desirable;  to  keep 
the  stream  moving  in  a  steady  current  to  the  places  where  the  labor  field 
is  not  crowded  will  be  good  for  immigrant  and  country.  You  know  where 
your  trade  languishes  and  flourishes  and  I  ask  that  you  do  us  the  favor  to 
keep  this  division  fully  informed  on  these  points  so  that  while  caring  for 
the  immigrants,  the  interests  of  the  American  wage- earners  may  be 
safeguarded. 

I  have  no  suggestion  to  make  as  to  how  you  send  this  data.  Your 
experience  will  dictate  the  manner,  and  your  knowledge  of  labor  conditions 
will  enable  you  to  help  us  in  this  great  work  of  distributing  the  alien 
workers  who  seek  homes  among  us. 

If  you  keep  us  informed  of  strikes,  lockouts,  blacklists,  boycotts,  or 
the  probable  coming  of  same,  we  will  know  how  to  act  should  application 
be  made  to  send  laborers  to  a  locality  where  industrial  conditions  are 
unsettled.  Expressing  the  hope  that  you  will  co-operate  with  us,  and  that 
the  work  will  be  congenial  to  you,  I  remain. 
Respectfully, 

T.  V.  Powder  Lv, 

Chief  of  Division, 

Bureau  of  Immigration  and  Naturalization, 

Washington,  July  7,  1907, 
His  Excellency, 

The  Governor  of  Porto  Rico, 
San  Juan,  P.  R. 
Sir:  Section  40  of  the  act  of  Congress,  to  regulate  the  immigration  of 
aliens  into  the  United  States,  approved  February  20, 1907,  provides  for  the 
establishment  of  a  division  of  information  in  the  Bureau  of  Immigration 
and  Naturalization.  The  purpose  of  this  division  is  to  secure  such  informa- 
tion as  will  aid  in  the  proper  distribution  of  immigrants  on  arrival  in  the 
United  States.  See  page  27  of  the  Immigration  Laws  and  Regulations,  a 
copy  of  which  is  herewith  inclosed. 

The  object  in  writing  you  is  to  obtain  such  data,  statistical  or  other- 
wise, as  will  be  pertinent  to  the  work.     Will   you   advise  the  division^ 

Digitized  by' 


558  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

through  the  bureau  as  to  the  industrial  conditions  in  your  territory  by 
answering  as  fully  and  completely  as  possible  the  following  questions: 

1.  Where  is  the  demand  for  workmen  most  urgent? 

2.  What  class  of  labor  is  needed? 

a.  Where  are  mechanics  needed? 

b.  State  the  class  of  trade. 

c.  Are  single  men  or  heads  of  families  preferred? 

d.  Number  of  each  required. 

e.  State  rate  of  wages  paid  for  different  kinds  of  labor. 

f.  If  strikes,  lockouts,  or  other  diflSculties  exist,  state  fully  the 

cause  of  same. 

3.  Are  settlers  on  land  needed? 

a.  Probable  number  required. 

b.  Where  are  lands  obtainable? 

c.  State  location  of  same  and  accessibility  to  rail  or  water  facili- 

ties for  transportation. 

d.  Prices  of  land  and  whether  cultivated  or  unimproved. 

e.  State  kind  of  crops  land  is  best  adapted  to. 

4.  What  nationalities  or  races  would  be  preferred? 

5.  Does  your  territory  oflFer  inducements  to  settlers  on  land? 

6.  Is  there  in  existence  in  your  territory  a  commission  or  board  having 

for  its  object  the  encouragement  of  settlers  therein? 

a.  If  so.  what  is  its  title? 

b.  Official  address  of  same. 

c.  Name  of  officers. 

d.  Number  of  members. 

Respecfully,  F.  P.  Sargent, 

Commissioner-  GeneraL 


Office  of  American  Federation  of  Labor, 

Washington,  D.  C.,/uly  10,  rpoy. 
Hon.  T.  V.  Powderlv, 

Chief  0/  Division,  Bureau  of  Immigration  and 

Naturalization ,  Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor ^ 
Washington,  D.  C. 
Sir:  Your  favor  of  the  9th  instant  with  enclosures  came  duly  to  hand, 
and  I  noted  them  with  great  interest.  I  feel  sure  that  with  the  institution 
of  this  new  division  in  the  Bureau  of  Immigration,  and  the  right  spirit  back 
of  it,  great  good  will  be  accomplished,  particularly  in  preventing  the  awful 
congestion  of  immigrants  at  such  points  where  they  are  less  needed,  or 
where  their  presence  can  be  of  the  greatest  injury.  I  am  firmly  convinced 
that  that  spirit  dominates  the  present  chief  of  division 

I  do  not  know  whether  the  suggestions  I  make  in  reply  to  your  invita- 
tion for  them  will  be  feasible,  but  they  are  made  for  such  consideration  and 
action  which  you  think  they  may  deserve.  Added  to  section  2,  sub-divi- 
sion f ,  of  your  questions,  could  you  not  add  in  your  future  circulars  the 
following:  * 'Are  any  such  difficulties  contemplated  in  the  near  future?" 
Also  one  of  the  questions  might  be  as  to  the  prevailing  hours  of  labor. 

You  may  rest  assured  that  so  far  as  it  is  possible,  I  should  be  glad  to 
co-operate  with  you  in  the  efforts  to  make  the  division  most  effective. 
Very  respectfully  yours, 

Samuel  Gompers, 
President y  American  Federation  of  Labor. 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  559 

Bureau  of  Immigration  and  Naturalization, 

Washington,  July  12,  1907, 
Samuel  Gompers,  Esq., 

President,  American  Federation  of  Labor, 

423-425  G  street,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Sir:  This  is  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  letter  of  July  10th, 
and  to  thank  you  for  your  promise  of  co-operation  with  the  Division  of 
Information.     Your  suggestions  have  been  noted  and  will  be  followed. 
Respectfully, 

T.  V.  Powderly, 

Chief  of  Division . 


From  several  representative  union  men  of  San  Francisco,  communica- 
tions have  been  received  calling  attention  to  conditions  prevailing  there  in 
the  labor  field.  Attention  is  called  to  the  fact  that  advertisements  are 
published  in  the  press  of  the  east  and  middle  west,  to  induce  workmen  to 
leave  their  homes  and  go  to  San  Francisco.  In  one  letter  which  reached 
here  the  following  is  stated:  "Facts  are  that  there  are  more  men  here  (San 
Francisco)  now  than  are  needed.  The  street-car  men  have  been  on  strike 
since  the  first  of  May  and  are  still  out.  They  have  the  support  of  all 
the  organizations  here  and  are  battling  away  to  win  their  contest  for 
the  eight  hour  workday."  The  request  is  made  that  all  labor  organiza- 
tions— international,  national,  state  and  local — be  notified  of  this  state  of 
affairs,  advising  workingmen  of  all  kinds  not  to  be  lured  to  San  Francisco 
at  the  present  time. 


DISTRICT  AND  GENERAL  ORGANIZERS. 

Number ComxDlsBloned Organizers,  American  Oigiaiten,  J.  J.   Flizpn trick,  J.   D.    Pierce, 

FederaMonof  Labor,  1,175.  Tbomas  H.  i^'iynu,  Emmet    T.  Klood,  Arthur 

_.     .      ..      .      ^     .  E.  Holder,  Jacob  Tazeiaar,  William  £.  Terry. 
Dntricl  No.  I.— Eastern. 

ComprUinif   the  atateii  of  Maine.  Vermont,  District  No.  V.— North>^estern. 

New  Hampshire,  MaMachu8eti8,RhpdeIslaud,  ComprUing  the  stHtes  of  Minnesota.  Iowa. 

CoDoeoiluut,  and  the  Province  of  New  Bruns-  North  Dalcoia.  Houih  Dakota,  Nebraska,  and 

wick,  Canada.  Manitoba. 
OrgMaiten,  8tuart  Reld,  Thomas  F.  Tracy. 

District  No.  II.— Middle.  District  No.  VI.— Southwestern, 

nrkmnHttinir   th«  BtRtM  of  New    York    New  Comprising  the  states  of  Missoari,  Kansas, 

Je'i^.yrPe'Xlva^niarD^law  Texas    Indian  Ter.iiory,  Oklahoma,  and  Arl 

Queb^'.Slnadi"'"''***  """^    '''''  ^"'"'""''^  ""^  oT-rii«^«.  Henry  M.  Walker,  James  Leonard. 

OrgiUitMen,  Herman  Robinson,  Hugh  Frayne, 

cui  wyatt,  w.  c.  Hahn,  John  A.  Fieit.  District  No.  VII.— Intcr-Mountaln. 

rM.«.:^«  Ki^    III      c<v..«i«>.»  Comprising  the  siMtPK  of  Montana,  Wyoming, 

District  No.  III.— Southern.  Colorado,  New    Mexico,  Arizona,    Utah,   and 

Comprising  the  states  of    Virginia,    North  Iduho. 

(Virolina.    South   Carolina,  Georgia,    Florida, 

KeDtaoky,Tennessee,Alabama,Mlssissippi,and  District  No.  VIII. — Pacific  Coast. 

*^Ii!?iX;.JumP«  Leonard.  ..Po™P'-"»»nK„^he  slates  of    Nevada,  Alaska, 


UrgAulMer,  James  Leonara.  Washington,  Oregon,  CalUornia.  and  the  Prov- 

Dlstrict  No.  IV.— Central. 
Comprising  the  states  of  West  Virginia,  Ohio, 


rwu*.:^*  Ki^   iv/      /-Ark«r«i  Inceof  British  CoiuinblH. 

District  No.  I  v.— central.  Org&nixera,  C.  O.  Young,  M.  Grant  Hamilton. 


Comprislngthestatesof  West  \irglnia,  Ohio,  d^,,^  di^^     c       .        ,  i    .  J^~^  T 

Indiana,  Illinois,  Michigan,  and  Wlbconbin.  Porlo  KlCO.-Santiago  IgleslM^j^^^  ^^  VjOOQIC 


560 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONISr 


Seamen  vs.  Longshoremen. 


ARBITRATOR'S  DECISION  AND  AWARD. 


Washington,  D.  Q,,,  June  2$^  igoy. 

In  the  case  of  the  controversy  between  the  Inter- 
nationa] Seamen's  Union  of  America  and  the 
International  I/>ngshoremen*s  Association,  the 
matter  was  reported  upon  by  the  Executive 
Council  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  to  the  Pittsburg  conven- 
tion in  the  following  language: 

The  controversy  between  the  seamen*8  and  longshore- 
men's unions  has  reached  an  acute  stafce.  particularly  on 
the  Pad 6c  Coast.  We  have  endeavored  to  stop  the  strife  be- 
tween  these  two  organizations,  but  with  little  avail,  and  can 
only  express  our  keen  regret  thereat,  and  hope  that  a  way 
out  may  be  found  by  which  both  may  be  able  to  co-operate 
to  their  mutual  advantage. 

That  report  was  referred  to  the  grievance  com- 
mittee of  the  convention  which,  after  due  consid- 
eration, made  a  report  which  was  adopted  by  the 
convention  as  follows: 

Representatives  of  both  these  organizations  api>eared  be- 
fore your  committee,  and  after  careful  consideration  of  the 
subject-matter,  the  committee  makes  the  following  recom- 
mendation: That  each  organization  shall  select  two  persons 
and  that  the  four  so  selected  shall  meet  within  60  days  from 
the  adjournment  of  this  convention  to  selecta  6fth  person, 
and  in  the  event  of  failure  to  aeree  upon  such  fifth  person 
within  10  days,  the  Presidenlof  the  A.  P.  of  L.,  with  the  ap- 

?roval  of  the  Bxecutive  Council,  shall  select  the  fifth  person, 
he  five  persons  so  selected  shall  constitute  an  arbitration 
board  whose  decision  shall  be  final  and  binding  upon  both 
parties.  Pending  decision  of  this  board  all  hostilities  be- 
tween these  two  organizations  shall  cease. 

And  we  further  recommend  that  this  convention  Instruct 
the  Longshoremen's  Association  to  discontinue  the  use  of 
the  name**Intemational  Longshoremen.  Marine  and  Trans- 
port Workers'  Association"  and  that  no  change  in  'title  be 
granted,  assumed  or  maintained  except  in  accordance  with 
the  findings  of  the  arbitration  board. 

Acting  under  the  above  decision  of  the  conven- 
tion, the  undersigned  invited  the  representatives 
of  both  organizations  in  interest  to  a  conference 
and  endeavored  to  have  them  enter  into  an  agree- 
ment for  the  adjustment  of  the  existing  differences 
between  them.  This  proved  impossible  and  was 
without  avail. 

The  representatives  of  both  organizations  then 
insisted  upon  the  undersigned  acting  as  the  fifth 
person  as  provided  in  the  convention's  decision, 
the  representatives  of  both  organizations  for  and 
on  behalf  of  themselves  and  their  organizations 
agreeing  to  abide  by  any  decision  or  award  which 
the  undersigned  may  make  relating  to  the  entire 
subjects  matter  in  controversy  between  the  organ- 
izations in  interest. 

An  agreement  was  reached  that  the  representa- 
tives should  present  the  contentions  of  their  re- 
spective organizations  upon  the  matters  in  dispute, 
an  adjournment  until  the  following  day  being 
taken  for  that  purpose. 


The  contentions  of  each  side  were  presented  b 
writing  as  follows: 

SEAMEN'S  CONTENTION. 

To  the  application  made  by  the  Intematiooi 
Longshoremen's  Association  to  be  permitted  ti 
change  its  name  to  * 'International  Longsbort 
men, Marine  and  Transport  Workers'  Associatioa.' 
and  to  exercise  the  jurisdiction  implied  by  sod 
name,  we,  the  representatives  of  the  Intemationt 
Seamen's  Union  of  America,  make  protest,  uu 
reply  as  follows:  The  International  Seamco'i 
Union  of  America  claims  jurisdiction  over  al 
classes  of  labor  which  are  included  in  the  ten 
* 'seamen."  This  definition  of  the  seamen^s  jurii 
diction  is  based  upon  the  two-fold  reason  of  Ui 
and  pustom. 

By  law  the  seamen  are  governed  by  a  spedi 
code,  one  feature  of  which  dccribes  the  seamd 
as  follows  (R.  S.,  4612):  In  the  construction  0 
this  title  (R.  S.  4501-4613),  every  person  ha\inj 
command  of  any  vessel  belonging  to  any  citize 
of  the  United  States  shall  be  deemed  to  be  tfi 
'•master"  thereof;  and  every  person  (appr^otict 
excepted),  who  shall  be  employed  or  engaged  t 
serve  in  any  capacity  on  board  the  same  shall  \ 
deemed  and  taken  to  be  a  * 'seaman,"  and  th 
term  **vessel"  shall  be  understood  to  comprebea 
every  description  of  vessel  navigating  on  any  se 
or  channel,  lake  or  river,  to  which  the  provision 
of  this  title  may  be  applicable,  and  the  ten 
"owner"  shall  betaken  and  understood  to  coo 
prehend  all  the  several  persons,  if  more  than  o» 
to  whom  the  vessel  shall  belong. 

It  is  apparent  from  the  foregoing  that  all  clae< 
of  labor  on  board  ship  (with  the  exception  of  th 
shipmaster)  are  seamen,  subject  to  the  same  lai 
and  therefore  obliged  to  adopt  a  common  meat 
of  protection  and  advancement.  The  applicatio 
of  the  law  here  quoted  is  not  confined  to  the  lib< 
on  any  one  or  more  classes  of  vessel,  but  extend 
to  all  labor  on  all  vessels.  Every  vessel  navigatii 
any  river,  channel,  lake,  or  ocean  comes  withi 
the  purview  of  the  navigation  laws,  and  the  crei 
of  $uch  vessels  are  all  equally  regarded  as  seamc 
and  equally  amenable  to  the  law  in  question. 

Coming  to  the  custom  of  the  sei  men's  calltD] 
the  fact  that  members  of  the  respective  classes  \ 
seamen  are  employed  on  board  the  same  ves9 
constitutes  a  bond  of  common  interest  that  can  n* 
be  severed  without  injury  to  all  concerned.  -Tl 
maintenance  of  this  bond  requires  that  the  respcf 
ive  members  of  a  vessel's  crew  shall  be  nmU 


SEAMEN  VS,  LONGSHOREMEN 


561 


under  one  central  head,  or  organization,  in  order 
that  the  common  interest  may  be  conserved  and 
developed  to  the  highest  degree  of  efficiency,  and 
io  order  that  all  conflict  of  sentiment  or  interest 
may  be  avoided. 

The  definition  of  the  term  **seamen  '*  upon 
which  the  International  Seamen's  Union  of 
America  bases  its  claim  to  jurisdiction  over  all 
classes  of  labor  employed  on  all  classes  of  vessel, 
IS  therefore  supported  and  demonstrated  by  both 
the  law  and  the  custom,  or  condition,  of  the  sea- 
faring craft.  The  only  exception  to  the  definition 
herein  set  forth  exists  in  the  case  of  ships'  officers. 
We  have  shown  that  under  the  law,  as  herein 
quoted,  the  shipmaster  is  specifically  excepted 
from  the  definition  of  the  term  *'seamen."  In 
other  words,  the  law  regards  the  shipmaster  as 
the  employer  of  the  vessel's  crew,  ana  vests  him 
with  authority  and  responsibility  as  such.  In 
practical  effect  all  ships'  officers  under  the  ship- 
master,  such  ps  pilots,  mates,  and  engineers,  are 
subject  to  the  same  exception  as  that  existing  in 
the  case  of  the  shipmaster.  The  ships'  officers  are 
vested  with  authority  over  those  employed  in 
subordinate  capacities,  which  authority  the  latter 
are  by  the  same  law  required  to  respect  and  obey. 
As  a  prerequisite  to  the  authority  and  responsi- 
bility vested  in  them,  the  ships*  officers  are  re- 
quired to  qualify  for  licenses,  which  are  granted 
b?  the  United  States  government,  and  which  are 
also  revocable  by  the  government. 

These  conditions  constitute  a  natural  as  well  as 
a  legal  exception  to  the  rule  that  all  classes  of 
labor  on  board  ship  are ''seamen"  and  therefore 
come  within  the  Jurisdiction  of  the  International 
Seamen's  Union  of  America. 

In  view  of  these  conditions  we  believe  that  the 
interests  of  ships'  officers,  as  distinguished  from 
other  classes  of  seamen,  can  be  best  served  by 
organization  under  separate  forms.  Such  separate 
organizations  already  exist,  and  are  fully  recog- 
nized by  the  International  Seamen's  Union  of 
America.  The  latter  will  as  fully  and  frankly 
recognize  any  bona  fide  organization  of  ships' 
officers  which  may  be  chartered  directly  by  the 
A  F.  of  L.  We  can  not,  however,  recognize  as 
bona  fide  any  organization  of  ships'  officers  which 
is.  or  may  hereafter  be,  affiliated  with  and  under 
the  jurisdiction  of  any  body  of  land  workers, 
since  such  affiliation  would  be  a  distinct  departure 
from  the  rule  of  common  interest  to  which  we 
have  already  referred  as  being  essential  to  the 
efficiency,  and  even  the  existence,  of  organization 
among  the  maritime  workers. 

With  the  exception  here  noted,  we,  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  International  Seamen's  Union  of 
America,  reiterate  our  claim  to  jurisdiction  over 
all  classes  of  labor  on  board  ship,  inclusive  of  all 
classes  of  vessel. 

Further,  we  assert  and  repeat  our  claim  to  juris- 
diction over  all  kinds  of  work  performed  on  board 
ship,  both  in  the  handling  of  the  vessel  herself 
and  the  handling  of  her  cargo,  stores,  apparel, 
etc  Upon  this  point  we  quote  the  navigation 
laws,  as  follows:  **R.  S..  4612.  And  the  said  crew 
agree  to  conduct  themselves  in  an  orderly,  faithful, 
honest  and  sober  manner,  and  to  be  at  all  times 
diligent  in  their  respective  duties,  and  to  be 
obed'ent  to  the  lawful  commands  of  the  said 
master,  or  of  any  person  who  shall  lawfully  suc- 
ceed him,' and  of  their  superior  officers  in  every- 


thing relating  to  the  vessel,  and  the  stores  and 
cargo  thereof,  whether  on  board,  in  boats,  or  on 
shore. ' ' 

Thus  it  is  seen  that  all  work  in  connection  with 
the  handling  of  a  vessel,  whether  performed  *'  on 
board,  in  boats,  or  on  shore,"  is  seamen's  work. 
The  fact  that  in  some  instances  certain  kinds  of 
work  are  performed  by  other  classes  of  labor  is 
merely  an  incident  in  the  conduct  of  maritime 
affairs,  which  does  not  in  any  degree  lessen  the 
force  of  our  claim  that  such  work  is  primarily 
seamen's  work  and  therefore  within  the  jurisdic- 
tion of  the  International  Seamen's  Union  of 
America. 

The  jurisdiction  of  the  latter  organization  in- 
cludes all  classes  of  labor  which  may  properly  be 
termed  marine  workers  or  marine  transportation 
« workers.  The  terms  *' seamen "  and  ''marine 
worker"  (that  is,  ''mariner"),  are  synonymous; 
they  are  derived  from  the  same  source,  namely, 
tnare  (sea).  Similarly,  the  term  ''transport 
worker,"  as  used  in  the  present  controversy,  is 
but  a  variant  of  the  terms  "seamen"  and  "marine 
worker."  In  short,  the  seaman  is  also  a  marine 
worker  and  a  transport  worker.  Conversely  both 
the  marine  worker  and  the  transport  worker  are  - 
seamen,  in  the  legal  and  customary  sense  here 
understood. 

It  follows,  therefore,  that  all  such  classes  of 
labor  as  may  properly  be  designated  by  the  terms 
here  referred  to  come  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the 
International  Seamen's  Union  of  America.  All 
classes  of  labor  now  designated  as  marine  and  (or) 
transport  workers,  but  which  are  not  such  in  fact, 
should,  in  order  to  secure  recognition  as  members 
of  any  organization,  be  designated  by  their  proper 
titles,  so  as  to  avoid  the  implication  of  claims  on 
the  part  of  such  organization  to  jurisdiction  over 
any  class  of  labor  that  rightfully  comes  under  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  existing  duly  recognized  and 
chartered  organization  of  seamen,  namely,  the 
International  Seamen's  Union  of  America." 

W.  MacArthur, 
a.  furuseth.  * 

longshoremen's  contention. 

Erie,  Pa.,  j^pril  79,  /go6. 
It  is  deemed  by  our  members  that  the  name  we 
have  adopted  is  both  necessary  and  essential  for 
the  different  interests  affiliated. 

The  interests  that  are  affiliated,  that  are  not 
strictly  longshoremen,  joined  our  association 
voluntarily  and  of  their  own  volition." 

Henry  C.  Barter. 
J.  A.  Madsen. 


The  hearings,  testimony,  and  arguments  occu- 
pied nearly  three  whole  days.  I  listened  carefully 
to  every  word  of  testimony  submitted,  the  conten- 
tions presented  and  the  arguments  made  in  sup- 
port of  them.  Since  then  I  have  repeatedly 
gone  over  parts  of  the  296  folios  of  typewritten 
stenographic  report  of  the  entire  conference,  and 
have  within  the  past  few  days  read  and  perused 
every  word  therein  carefully  and  studiously.  It 
was  my  purpose  to  be  helpful  in  having  the  con- 
tending organizations  come  to  an  agreement  rather 
than  for  me  to  undertake  to  render  a  decision  or 
make  an  award  which  after  a^J)ig^i^|<byP|roy^U3ole 


S62 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


satisfactory  to  one  side  or  the  other,  or  perhaps  to 
both.  Inasmuch  as  I  have  been  unable  to  have  the 
contending  organizations  come  to  an  agreement, 
the  duty  imposed  upon  t;ie  to  render  a  decision 
and  make  an  award  is  imperative,  and  I  do  so|  as 
follows: 

1.  The  use  by  the  International  I/>ngshoremen's 
Association  of  the  additional  title  '*  Marine  and 
Transport  AVorkers  "  is  not  essential  to  its  rights 
and  interests,  and  it  is  essentially  prejudicial  to 
the  rights  and  interests  of  the  seamen.  Therefore, 
and  for  the  further  reasons  hereinafter  given,  the 
further  use  by  the  International  Longshoremen's 
Association  of  the  additional  title  ''Marine  and 
Transport  Workers  '*  is  to  be  discontinued. 

2.  The  work  of  loading  and  unloading  vessels 
(with  the  following  exceptions)  belongs  to  the 
longshoremen: 

(a)  In  the  coastwise  trade,  when  seamen  bring  a 
vessel  into  port,  remain  with  tl}e  vessel  for  its  on- 
ward course  or  for  its  return  to  the  initial  port,  the 
work  of  loading  or  unloading  the  cargo  to  the  ex- 
tent of  the  ship's  tackle  miy  be  performed  by  the 
seamen. 

{b)  Seamen  may  load  or  unload  cargoes  beyond 
the  ship's  tackle,  but  only  with  the  consent  of,  or 
by  agreement  with,  the  longshoremen. 

3.  Under  no  circumstances  (unless  by  the  con- 
sent of  or  agreement  with  the  longshoremen)  may 
seamen  load  or  unload  cargoes  unless  they  (the 
seamen)  are  of  the  vessel's  sailing  crew  in  an  in 
or  out  t>onnd  voyage.  And  then  only  as  at>ove 
decided  in  exception  (a). 

Representatives  of  both  contending  organiza- 
tions at  the  hearing  declared  that  if  the  principal 
contention  was  removed ,  so  far  as  the  attitude  of 
the  organizations  to  each  other  are  concerned, 
there  would  be  no  reason  why  the  best  possible  re- 
lations should  not  exist  between  them  and  their 
co-operation  established  to  secure  the  best  possible 
results  for  all  concerned. 

The  seamen  are  justly  concerned  in  the  affairs 
affecting  them,  particularly  in  relation  to  the 
maritime  laws  governing  their  services.  The 
efforts  made  to  secure  changes  in  these  laws  can 
not  be  hazarded,  particularly  to  a  body  of  men, 
who,  under  the  assumption  of  a  title  that  they  are 
maritime  or  transport  workers,  undertake  to  deal 
with  the  necessities  and  legal  demands  of  sea- 
men. 

On  th^  other  hand,  in  the  matter  of^the  work  of 
loading  and  unloading  cargoes,  in  my  opinion,  the 
seamen  are  unduly  apprehensive  regarding  the 
laws  affecting  them.  The  evidence  adduced  shows 
that  under  modern  conditions  of  maritime  com- 
merce the  custom  and  the  practice  are  for  long- 
shoremen generally  to  perform  that  work.  There 
may  be  instances  of  imperative  necessity  where 
seamen  may  be  required  to  load  or  unload  cargoes, 
and  the  award  made  herein  coverjpg  part  of  such 
necessity  practically  covers  all  that  can  be  re- 
quired. 

There  can  be  no  question  but  that  if  the  Inter- 
national Seamen's  Union  and  the  International 
Longshoremen's  Association  with  its  several  at- 
tached  national  trade  unions  were  to  hold  a  joint 
conference,  it  would  be  productive  of  great  good. 
Such  a  conference  should  consider  the  adoption  of 
some  joint  title;  to  establish  some  form  of  federa- 
tion or  federated  action  amon^  the  organiza- 
tions in  interest  for  the  protection  and   promo- 


tion, upon  the  economic,  as  well  as  the 
legislative  field,  of  the  interests  of  the  men 
of  all  the  callings  affected,  to  the  end  that 
the  wages,  hours  and  conditions  of  employ- 
ment may  be  safe-guarded  and  improved  and  the 
lawful  rights  of  all  broadened  and  advanced.  I 
therefore  further  decide: 

That  a  Conference  of  representatives  of  the 
organizations  herein  named  and  referred  to,  be 
held  at  Norkfolk,  Va.,  beginning  November  it, 
1907,  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  this  desinble 
end  into  effect. 

It  is  the  sincere  hope  of  the  undersigned  that  the 
organizations  affected  shall,  in  the  letter  and  in  the 
spirit,  comply,  and  carry  out  in  good  faith,  the 
above  decision  and  award  and  do  so  (except  one  io 
which  a  specific  time  is  stated)  within  60  days  from 
this  date.  Samuel  Gompers, 

Arbitrator. 


Detroit,  Mich.,  June  2S,  igoj. 
Mr.  Samuel  Gompers, 

President,  A.  F,  0/ L„ 
423  G  Street  N.  W.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Dear  Sir  and  Brother:  I  am  in  receipt  of  joiat 
communication,  sent  by  you  to  both  Seamen  and 
Lon^^shoremen  International  Unions,  with  yoar 
finding  or  decision  as  arbitrator  in  the  controversy 
between  the  above-named  organizations,  and  for 
the  information  of  our  delegates  to  our  l5th  con- 
vention I  ask  that  you  put  a  construction  on  sec- 
tion 2,  paragraph  '*a,"  which  is  as  follows: 

"(a)  In  the  coastwise  trade,  when  seamen  bring 
a  vessel  into  port,  remain  with  the  vessel  for  its 
onward  course  or  for  its  return  to  the  initial  port, 
the  work  of  loading  or  unloading  the  cargo  to  the 
extent  of  the  ship's  tackle  may  be  performed  by 
the  seamen." 

You  will  kindly  define  what  you  mean  by  the 
'•ship's  tackle"  and  oblige, 
Fraternally  yours, 

Daniel  J.  Keefe, 
Pre %ident.  Longshoremen  '5 

International  Union, 


Washington,  D.  C.July  d,  igoj, 
Mr.  Daniel  J.  Keefe, 

President,  International  Association 

of  Longshoremen , 
Elks'  Temple  Building,  Detroit,  Mich. 
Dear  Sir  and  Brother:  Your  favor  of  June 
2Sth  to  hand  and  contents  noted.  I  have  been  so 
busy  with  work  demanding  immediate. attention 
that  your  letter  was  crowded  for  consideration  up 
to  this  moment. 

You  ask  me  to  define  what  is  meant  by  the 
award  and  decision  rendered  in  the  case  of  the 
Seamen  vs.  Longshoremen,  June  26th,  in  the  paru- 
graph  reading  as  follows: 

In  the  coastwise  trade,  when  seamen  bring  a  vessel  into 
port,  remain  with  the  vessel  for  its  onward  course  or  for  its 
return  to  the  initial  port,  the  work  of  loading  or  unloading 
the  cargo  to  the  extent  of  the  ship's  taclcle  may  be  per- 
formed by  the  seamen. 

Let  me  say  that  during  the  entire  hearing  there 

was  not  one  word  of  contention  as  to  what  was 

meant  by  the  term  **ship's  tackle."    Every  one 

seemed  to  accept  the  term  as  clearly  understood. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ^IC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


563 


The  argument  made  by  Mr.  Madsen,  representing 
your  organization  (see  minutes,  pages  258-59,  and 
260),  and  the  argument  of  Mr.  MacArthur,  repre- 
senting the  seamen  (see  minutes,  pages  60-6i- 
62-63).  seem  to  me  to  be  both  justified  in  part 
upon  this  subject,  and  the  parts  which  appeal  to 
me  to  be  justifiable,  I  combined  into  the  para- 
graph of  the  decision  you  quote;  that  is,  para- 
graph **a,'*  section  2. 

Now  let  me  say  further  that,  desirous  of  obtain- 
ing something  authoritative  upon  the  subject  of 
the  definition  of  the  term  '*ship's  tackle,*'  I  had  a 
conversation  with  a  representative  of  the  Naviga- 
tion Department  of  the  United  States,  and  asked 
bim  for  a  definition  of  the  term,  in  so  far  as  it 
applies  to  the  ship's  tackle  used  in  loading  or  un- 
loading the  cargo  of  a  vessel,  and  he  said  that  in 
a  broad  sense  the  whole  rigging  of  a  ship  might 


be  regarded  as  the  *  ship's  tackle,"  yet,  in  the 
ordinary  acceptance  of  that  term,  it  applied  to 
blocks,  ropes,  and  yard  arms,  and  that  these 
would  cover  it.  I  simply  refer  to  this  for  whatever 
information  it  may  contain  and  forming  no  part  of 
any  official  utterance  on  my  part,  for  you  will 
readily  realize  that  as  a  landsman  I  am  not  quali- 
fied to  definitely  determine  the  strict  definition  of 
nautical  terms. 

I  am  forwarding  a  copy  of  your  letter  and  a  copy 
of  this  reply  to  the  secretary  of  the  International 
Seamen's  Union. 

With  kindest  regards  and  best  wishes  and  ask- 
ing to  be  kindly  remembered  to  the  convention, 
and  regretting  my  inability  to  be  present,  I  am, 
Fraternally  yours, 

Samubl  Gompbrs, 
President y  American  Federation  of  Labor, 


A.  P.  OF  L.  Exhibit  at  Jamestown. 


By  C.  P.  Connelly. 

[In  charge  of  exhibit.! 


THE  commemoration  of  the  event  of  the  first 
permanent  settlement  of  the  English-speak- 
ing people  in  America  at  Jamestown,  Va.,  300 
years  ago,  has  been  appropriately  celebrated 
by  the  exposition  now  being  held  at  J[amestown. 
In  this  celebration  the  A.  F.  of  I^.  has  joined,  and 
its  comprehensive  exhibit  in  the  Social  Economy 
Bnilding  is  a  tribute  both  to  the  skill  of  its  mem- 
bers ana  their  realization  of  the  historic  importance 
of  this  celebration. 

The  exhibit  occupies  4,000  square  feet  and  em- 
braces the  products  of  many  branches  of  organized 
labor.  Here  is  shown  the  handiwork  of  the  shoe- 
maker, sawmaker,  saddlemaker,  harnessmaker, 
borseshoer,  slatemaker,  shinglemaker,  glovemaker, 
furrier,  cutler,  baker,  upholsterer,  pianomaker, 
and  of  all  kinds  of  musical  instruments,  garment 
worker,  cooper,  wood  worker,  brushmaker,  silk 
and  textile  worker,  lobsterman,  printer,  painter, 
carpenter,  sign  painter,  decorator,  etc.,  all  bearing 
the  labels  of  their  respective  crafts. 

The  building  in  which  is  located  this  aggrega- 
tion of  union  products  was  the  last  one  to  be  com- 
pleted, but  the  A.  F.  of  L.  exhibit  is  now  complete 
and  photographsof  it  will  appear  in  the  American 

FEDERATIONIST. 

The  horseshoers  have  made  an  exceptionally 
beautiful  exhibit  It  is  contained  in  a  handsome 
case,  four  by  six  feet,  and  embraces  every  kind  of 
horseshoe,  highly  polished  and  nickled;  all  the 
tools  in  miniature  used  by  horseshoers  and  a  border 
of  horseshoe  nails  with  the  name  of  the  organiza- 
tion made  of  the  same..  It  is  profusely  decorated 
with  handsome  ornaments,  laid  in  perfect  curves, 
nothing  being  used  in  this  really  artistic  work 
except  the  materials  used  daily  by  the  horseshoer. 
It  istheworkoftwomembersof  the  Cincinnati  union. 

The  display  of  saws  includes  many  varieties.    It 


occupies  a  space  12  by  18  feet,  each  saw  bearing  the 
union  label,  and  is  made  of  the  finest  steel  in  the 
highest  style  of  the  art.  No  carpenter  need  be 
without  a  union  saw,  if  he  desires  to  select  from 
such  a  variety. 

The  display  of  band  instruments,  violins,  flutes, 
and  similar  instruments,  has  caused  favorable 
comment  from  many  visitors,  but  especially  from 
musicians.  The  latter  linger  about  the  case  and 
express  their  admiration  for  the  handsome  in* 
struments  displayed,  each  one  being  a  perfect 
specimen  of  its  class. 

The  display  of  pianos  is  excellent.  The  cases 
are  things  of  beauty,  and  the  real  value  of  the  in- 
struments is  found  in  their  perfectly  constructed 
interiors:  The  freedom  of  action,  the  tone,  all 
combine  to  make  an  ideal  instrument. 

The  shoeworkers  have  done  themselves  proud. 
In  the  display  which  they  have  arranged  is  found 
almost  every  article  of  footwear— from  the  daintiest 
lady's  dancing  slipper  to  the  heaviest  logger's 
boot  with  its  half-inch  spikes.  This  display  is  so 
comprehensive  that  it  interests  everybody. 

Union -made  garments  of  all  descriptions  are 
arranged  in  handsome  cases,  giving  silent  testi- 
mony to  the  fact  that  no  man  need  go  without 
union-label  garments.  An  elaborate  saddle,  sent 
from  Denver,  Col.,  valued  at|250:  a  set  of  harness 
from  Wichita,  Kans.,  splendid  in  finish  and  desi|;n; 
a  lobster  pot  and  mounted  lobsters  from  Maine 
are  among  the  contributions  from  all  sections  of 
the  country.  In  fact  almost  every  industry  is 
represented. 

The  retail  clerks'  association  has  given  a  model 
union  store.  Here  can  be  seen  show  windows 
dressed  in  the  highest  style  of  the  art,  decorated 
with  the  finest  garments— dress  suits,  tuxedos, 
raincoats,  waistcoate,  topcoate^|^t,^.j^^i?^ilf(ip0^g 


564 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


inside  is  displayed  all  kinds  of  merchandise  to  be 
found  in  a  first-class  store,  all  of  which  bear  the 
label.  This  store  is  fitted  with  electric  lights,  is 
kept  in  perfect  condition,  and  is  daily  admired  by 
hundreas  of  visitors.  It  reflects  great  credit  upon 
the  clerks. 

One  of  the  beauties  is  the  suggestion  of  the  Up- 
holsterers* International  Union  and  erected  by 
Brother  Schmid,  of  New  York.  It  is  a  *'cosy  cor- 
ner,** handsomely  draped  and  furnished. 

On  July  4th  our  oflice  room,  which  occupies  the 
center  of  our  exhibit  and  has  its  four  walls  hung 
with  pictures  of  labor  leaders,  was  decorated.  The 
national  colors  were  nicely  draped  on  the  four 
sides,  President  Gompers*  picture  occupying  the 
place  of  honor  over  the  entrance.  The  decora- 
tions were  arranged  by  Brother  Schmid,  who  was 


aided  by  suggestions  from  Brother  Warren,  of  the 
boot  and  shoe  workers,  who  is  here  arranging  their 
exhibit. 

Our  exhibit  is  such  that  all  members  of  organ- 
ized labor  may  well  be  proud  of  it.  It  is  the  most 
attractive  and  comprehensive  in  the  Social  Econ- 
omy Building,  and  has  been  given  wide  and  favor- 
able comment  by  intelligent  and  thoughtful  visit- 
ors. It  will  do  much  to  remove  prejudice  from 
the  minds  of  those  who  have  not  ^ven  the  labor 
movement  thoughtful  consideration,  and  will 
serve  to  educate  the  masses  of  unorganized 
labor. 

From  a  business  standpoint  it  Ss  a  good  invest- 
ment for  the  A.  F.  of  L.  Intellectually  and  mor 
ally  it  is  an  inspiration  to  every  lover  of  trade 
unionism. 


Prevailing  Rate  of  Wages. 


JUDGE  JAMES  W.  CRAIG,  of  the  Danville, 
II!.,  circuit  court,  recently  rendered  a  deci- 
sion defining  the  term  *' prevailing  rate  of 
wages,*'  and  incidentally  paying  a  tribute 
to  high  degree  of  skill  and   good  workmanship 
guaranteed  by  the  trade  unions.  .The  following  is 
the  text  of  the  decision: 

**In  this  case,  the  complainant  filed  his  bill  to 
enforce  his  lien.  The  case  after  being  at  issue  was 
referred  to  the  master  to  take  evidence  and  report 
with  conclusions.  The  parties  on  either  side  pre- 
sented witnesses  and  their  evidence  was  taken  and 
the  cause  heard  by  the  master  and  he  makes  and 
filed  his  report  with  conclusions.  The  defendant 
excepts  and  the  cause  is  now  before  the  court  on 
the  evidence  taken  with  exceptions  to  the  report. 
I  have  heard  the  arguments  of  counsel  maae  in 
open  court  and  have  since  read  the  evidence.  The 
contention  by  the  defendant  in  support  of  the  ex- 
ceptions seems  to  be  that  the  complainant  em- 
ployed union  labor  and  desires  to  have  the  union 
scale  wages  adopted  in  this  case  as  the  price  for 
the  work.  It  is  claimed  that  the  work  in  question 
could  have  been  done  cheaper  by  the  contractor  if 
he  had  employed  nonunion  labor,  instead  of  em- 
ploying union  labor  as  he  did. 

The  witness,  J.  W.  Mclntyre,  introduced  for  the 
defense,  presents  that  question.  He  says,  "there 
might  be  some  fellows  that  did  not  belong  to  the 
union  that  he  could  get  for  lower  prices.*'  He 
further  says,  *'pretty  near  every  man  that  is 
capable  of  handling  and  doing  the  work  is  a 
union  man,"  and  also  further  says,  *'the  man  that 
belongs  to  the  bricklayers'  union  figures  by  the 
union  prices.  The  man  that  does  not  belong  to  the 
union  figures  on  a  price  under  the  union  man." 
It  can  be  said  that  the  price  of  the  bricklayers' 
union  is  known.  The  price  of  the  other  is  not 
known.  Had  the  defendant  wanted  his  work  done 
by  nonunion  labor  and  at  a  lower  scale  than  the 
union  labor  it  would  have  been  fair  for  him  to 
have    said    so,   and    then    the    complainant    in 


taking  the  contract  would  have  taken  this  matter 
into  consideration  in  doing  the  work.  He 
might  have  considered  that  he  could  not  get  the 
labor  outside  of  the  union  as  it  is  well  known.  It 
is  well  known  that  there  is  a  great  demand  for 
laborers.  The  defendant  employed  the  plaintiff  to 
do  the  work  without  any  expressed  contract  or 
any  reservation  as  to  where  he  should  go  for  help 
and  the  plaintiff  had  the  right  to  do  the  ordinary 
and  customary  thing  and  the  ordinary  and  custo- 
mary thing  was  to  employ  union  labor,  as  the  evi> 
dence  shows  that  nearly  every  man  that  is  capable 
of  doing  the  work  is  a  union  man.  I  have  no  aonbt 
but  that  at  the  time  the  employment  was  made 
both  parties  understood  and  knew  that  nearly 
every  man  that  was  capable  of  doing  the  work  was 
a  union  man  and  that  by  force  of  circumstances 
union  labor  was  to  be  employed  to  do  the  work, 
and  now  after  the  work  is  done  it  is  claimed  that 
perhaps  some  person  or  persons  could  have  been 
found  outside  of  the  union  to  do  this  work  at  a 
cheaper  price.  This  is  a  mere  guess  or  speculation 
when  it  is  shown  that  nearly  every  man  that  is 
capable  of  doing  the  work  are  members  of  the 
union.  It  follows  that  when  nearly  every  man  that 
is  capable  of  doing  the  work  belongs  to  the  unioti 
that  they  will  fix  the  price  which  will  govern  in 
all  cases  where  there  is  not  an  expressed  contract 
as  to  the  price  to  be  paid,  as  there  is  no  way  to 
compel  men  to.  work  there  are  no  longer  slave 
pens  in  which  labor  is  sold. 

Then,  again,  the  master  saw  and  heard  the  wit- 
nesses testify  and  he  is  the  one  to  weigh  the  evi- 
dence and  is  not  to  decide  the  case  by  the  number 
of  witnesses  merely,  but  by  the  weight  of  evidence. 
It  can  not  be  fairly  said  in  this  case  in  going  over 
the  evidence  the  master  decided  the  case  against 
the  weight  of  the  evidence.  R?'?^*! 

The  exceptions  are  overruled  and  the  decree  is 
awarded  the  complainant  in  accordance  with  the 
finding  of  the  master." 

Digitized  by  LjiR^MES  W.  CraIO. 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


565 


What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing. 

From  .THE  Ati^antic  to  thb  Pacific 

In  this  department  is  presented  a  comprehensive  review  of  industrial  conditions  throughout  the 
country. 

This  includes : 

A  statement  by  American  Federation  of  Labor  general  and  local  organizers  of  labor  conditions  in 
their  vicinity. 

Increases  in  wages,  reduction  of  hours,  or  improved  conditions  gained  without  strikes. 

Work  done  for  union  labels. 

Unions  organized  during  the  last  month. 

City  ordinances  or  state  laws  passed  favorable  to  labor. 

Strikes  or  lockouts ;  causes,  results. 

A  report  of  this  sort  is  rather  a  formidable  task  when  it  is  remembered  that  nearly  1,000  of  the 
or|i:anizers  are  volunteers,  doing  the  organizing  work  and  writing  their  reports  after  the  day*s  toil  is 
finished  in  factory,  mill,  or  mine. 

The  matter  herewith  presented  is  valuable  to  all  who  take  an  intelligent  interest  in  the  industrial 
development  of  the  country.  It  is  accurate,  varied,  and  comprehensive.  The  information  comes  from 
those  familiar  with  the  conditions  of  which  they  write. 

These  organizers  are  themselves  wage- workers.  They  partici^te  in  the  struggles  of  the  people  for 
better  conditions,  help  to  win  the  victories,  aid  in  securing  legislation — in  short,  do  the  thousand  and 
one  things  that  go  to  round  out  the  practical  labor  movement. 

Through  an  exchange  of  views  in  this  department  the  wage-workers  in  various  sections  of  the 
country  and  the  manifold  branches  of  trade  are  kept  in  close  touch  with  each  other. 

Taken  in  connection  with  the  reports  from  secretaries  of  international  unions,  this  department 
gives  a  luminous  vision  of  industrial  aa  van  cement  throughout  the  country. 

FROM  INTERNATIONAL  OFFICERS. 


Blacksmiths* 
George  J,  Werner, — Our  members  throughout 
the  country  are  making  wonderful  progress  as 
regards  wages,  hours,  and  working  conditions. 
New  locals  are  being  formed  every  month  and  we 
expect  to  have  our  membership  of  10,000  in  short 
time.  Our  union  in  East  St.  Louis  had  a  strike  for 
increased  wages.  New  unions  have  been  formed 
in  Havelock,  Neb.;  Newark,  N.  J.;  Laredo,  Texas, 
and  Chico.  Cal. 

Bridge  and  Structural  Iron 'Workers* 
y.  /.  McNamara, — Trade  conditions  fair  and 
steadily  improving.  Some  of  our  locals  are  obtain- 
ing increased  wages  and  improved  conditions. 
We  continue  our  campaign  against  the  open  shop 
policy  of  the  American  Bridge  Co.,  and  the 
Brectors'  Association.  Our  membership  shows  an 
increase  since  last  report.  We  expended  $1 ,400  in 
death  benefits  recently. 

Cement  Workers* 
Henry  Ullner. — We  have  recently  chartered 
new  unions  in  Oakland,  Cal.;  Livingston,  Mont.; 
Everett,  Wash.;  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa,  and  Atlanta, 
Ga,  Employment  is  steady.  Hour^  have  been  re- 
duced without  trouble  in  Boston,  Mass.  There  is 
general  building  of  concrete  structures  through- 
out the  country  and  this  is  good  for  our  trade.  A.  F. 
of  L.  organizers  are  assisting  in  the  work  of 
organization  and  we  appreciate  the  good  work. 
At  this  writing  we  have  a  lockout  in  Ironton,  Ohio, 
where  the  cement  mill  employers  refuse  to  recog- 
nize the  union. 


Qgarmakers* 

G.  IV.  Perkins. — State  of  trade  continues  fair. 
We  are  still  fighting  the  non-union-child  labor- 
employing  trust  and  ask  all  union  men  and  friends 
to  always  call  for  our  union  blue  label.  We  have 
a  number  of  strikes  to  report  at  this  writing,  four 
of  which  are  already  successful.  Have  three  new 
unions  under  way  at  Porto  Rico.  Three  locals 
have  been  organized  there  since  last  report. 

Elastic  Goring  Weavers* 

Alfred  Haughton. — We  are  urging  union  men 
to  wear  shoes  that  contain  elastic  gore.  The  lock- 
out in  Chelsea,  Mass.,  still  continues,  the  firm 
contending  for  the  open  shop,  but  the  men  are 
holding  out. 

Elevator  Constructors* 

Wm,  Young, — Trade  conditions  remain  about 
the  same  as  during  the  spring.  We  were  success- 
ful in  strike  for  increased  wages  at  Minneapolis 
after  four  days. 

Freight  Handlers  and  Railway  Qerks. 

J.  J,  /7y««.— Freight  handlers  of  Chicago,  St. 
Paul,  and  Minneapolis  have  secured  an  increase  in 
wages  of  approximately  nine  per  cent;  also  several 
of  the  railway  clerks  of  Chicago,  and  all  of  the 
clerks  of  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis  who  are  organ- 
ized under  the  auspices  of  our  union  have  secured 
an  increase  of  10  per  oentp-^.,.^^^  ^y^^oOgle 


566 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Glass  Workers. 
IVm  Fi^^olah.—Tmde  fair.    A  referendum  vote 
is  being  taken  on  an  assessment  of  10  cents  a  month 
to  cover  the  expenses  of  another  organizer  to  be 
put  in  the  field. 

Glove  Workers. 
Agnes  Nestor, — We  are  trying  to  organize  the 
employes  of  a  firm  in  Grinnell,  Iowa,  which  makes 
a  specialty  of  the  "ventilated"  gloves  for  railroad 
men.  Trade  in  general  good.  A  new  union  has 
been  formed  in  St  Louis.  Our  union  in  De  Kalb, 
111.,  has  presented  a  new  wage  schedule  to  glove 
firms  in  that  city  and  expect  to  secure  the  same. 

Lathers. 
Ralph  V,  Brandt. — There  has  been  general  in- 
crease in  wages  throughout  our  trade.  Employ^ 
ment  plentiful.  New  unions  have  been  formed  in 
Portland,  Me.;  El  wood  City,  Pa.;  Bellingham, 
Wash.,  and  Lake  Geneva,  Wis.  We  paid  out  J250 
in  death  benefits  during  the  month. 

Lobster  Fishermen. 
Jatnes  B.  Webster  — Trade  conditions  good  and 
improving.  We  are  contemplating  the  adoption  of 
a  union  label. 

Machine  Printers  and  Color  Mixers. 
Cnas.  McCrory, — Trade  conditions  excellent  and 
employment  is  steadily  improving.  Working  con- 
ditions are  slowly  but  surely  improving.  Trade  at 
this  time  is  very  brisk,  there  is  not  a  man  idle  in 
our  trade  who  wants  to  work. 

Paving  Cutters* 
Wm.  Dodge, — At  Milford,  N.  H.,  our  men  have 
secured  an  increase  of  %\  per  thousand  with  a 
straiicht  union  job  and  the  eight  hour  day.  At 
Chelmsford,  Mass..  our  union  secured  eight  hour 
day  and  increase  of  $1  a  thousand.  We  have  strike 
pending  at  Marlboro,  N.  H.,  at  this  writing  and 
expect  settlement  shortly.  New  unions  have  been 
formed  in  Maine  and  Canada.  Our  membership  is 
steadily  increasing. 

Sawsmiths. 
C.  G.  Wertz. — All  members  of  our  trade  well 
employed.  Trade  brisk.  No  strikes  or  troubles  to 
report  at  this  date. 


Slate  Workers. 
Thomas  M.  Palmer  — Employment  fairly  steady 
in   Pennsylvania.     We   have  a  strike  on  at  Fair 
Haven,   Vt.,   for  the  nine  hour  day  and  semi- 
monthly pay. 

Steam  Engineers. 
R,  A.  McKee. — We  have  formed  new  unions  in 
Barre,  Vt;  Hannibal,  Mo.;  Fresno,  Cal.;  Fargo, 
N.  Dak.;  Toronto,  Canada;  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.; 
Duluth,  Minn.,  and  Superior,  Wis.  N9  strikes  or 
troubles  to  report. 

Table  Knife  Grinders. 

John  Gleason. — We  are  making  a  winning  fight 
in  Bay  State,  Mass.  This  is  a  sympathetic  strike  to 
aid  the  polishers  and  we  hope  to  win.  Trade  con- 
ditions good. 

Tailors. 

John  B.  Lennon. — Since  May  first  about  three 
thousand  of  our  members  have  secured  advance  in 
wap^es  averaging  10  per  cent  without  strike.  New 
unions  have  t^en  formed  in  Pittsburg,  Kans.; 
Joplin,  Mo.;  Sedalia,  Mo.;  Jefferson  City,  Mo., 
and  Vincennes,  Ind.  We  recently  spent  |l,230  in 
death  benefits 

Tip  Printers. 
T.J.  Carolan, — We  are  trying  to  organize  our 
trade  in  Chicago  and  Baltimore.  Trade  good  and 
steadily  improving.  Our  membership  is  increasing. 

Travelers^  Goods  and  Leather  Novelty  Workers. 

Chas.J,  Gille. — After  nine  weeks  strike  in  one 
shop  in  Chicago  our  unions  secured  nine  hour  day 
and  five  per  cent  increase  in  wages.  Following 
this  example  other  firms  granted  the  nine  hour 
day  without  strike.  A  new  union  was  organized  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  since  last  report. 

Vire  Veavers. 
E.  E  Desmond. — Trade  continues  to  improve. 
We  are  conducting  a  systematic  campaign  of  let- 
ting alone  several  unfair  firms  in  our  business.  It 
is  expected  that  our  next  convention  will  adopt 
some  policy  by  which  we  may  ultimately  unionize 
all  shops  in  our  trade.  At  this  writing  we  have  a 
strike  in  Harrison.  N.  J.,  against  increased  num- 
ber of  apprentices  and  the  open  shop. 


FROM  DISTRICT  AND  LOCAL  ORGANIZERS- 


ALABAMA. 

Powderly. — W.  H.  Downey: 

Birmingham  trades  council  is  doing  a  great  deal 
of  work  trying  to  better  the  working  conditions  in 
this  vicinity,  and  the  improvement  is  manifest. 
Work  is  plentiful  and  steady  in  all  trades.  With 
the  organization  of  the  ore  miners  this  town  would 
be  a  solid  union  town.  Practically  no  strikes  or 
industrial  troubles  to  report.  Ore  miners  work  10 
and  11  hours  a  day,  whereas  the  union  men  work 
eight  hours.  I  am  urging  all  workers  to  come  in 
line  of  organization.  Have  two  new  unions  in  line 
and  hope  to  report  them  organized  soon.  We  are 
trying  to  get  every  worker  into  a  union. 

Selma.—}.  H.  Bean: 

Organized  labor  is  slowly  but  surely  making  its 
way  to  the  front.    Union  labor  is  recognized  and 


respected,  while  the  conditions  of  the  unorganized 
workers  is  very  poor.  Active  work  is  done  for  the 
union  labels.  Several  stores  carry  union-labeled 
goods.  Wages  and  hours  about  the  same  as  last 
report. 

IVoodlawn.—].  E.  Smith: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  enjo3ring 
stead V  employment.  Wages  range  from  |l.50to 
{2  a  day  of  eight  hours  for  unskilled  union  men 
and  nine  to  ten  hours  for  the  non-unionists.  Or- 
ganized labor  is  recognized  by  em|>loyers  as  far 
superior  to  the  unorganized.  All  union  labels  are 
patronized.  Have  two  new  unions  under  way. 

ARKANSAS. 
Deming.—J,  P.  Gowing: 

Employment  was  never  more  plentiful  than  at 
this  time.     We  have  secured  .|1 2^0 jjer^pipnth  in- 
Digitized  by* 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


567 


crease  for  the  employes  of  one  company,  eight 
hour  day  and  monthly  pay-day.  Industrial  con- 
ditions have  greatly  improved  since  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  mine  workers*  union.  We  do  not  pat- 
ronize stores  which  fail  to  carry  union-labeled 
goods. 

Hoi  Springs, — P.  I.  Hensley: 

Union  lal^r  is  doing  90  per  cent  of  the  work 
here,  although  employment  is  not  plentiful  at  this 
time.  The  union  scale  is  40  cents  per  hour,  while 
the  unorganized  workers  work  for  25  to  30  cents 
an  hour  at  the  same  kind  of  work. 

RusseUviUe.—K,  A.  Hook: 

Industrial  conditions  very  good.  Work  is  steady 
in  all  lines  with  the  exception  of  miners,  who  are 
employed  only  about  three- fourths  of  the  time. 
Carpenters  secured  eight  hours  and  50  cents  a  day 
advance  without  strike.  Carpenters  organized 
during  the  month.  Have  good  prospects  of  get- 
ting the  teamsters  in  line.  All  nnion  labels  are 
being  pushed  very  effectively. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Chico,—V.  L.  Martinette: 

Painters,  plumbers,  and  electricians  have  secured 
excellent  working  conditions  and  are  pretty  thor- 
oughly organized.  Organized  workers  are  much 
the  best  off  as  regards  conditions  here.  Employ- 
ment is  fairly  steady.  Electricians,  retail  clerks, 
blacksmiths  and  helpers,  lathers,  and  musicians 
have  organized  since  the  first  of  the  year.  Cigar- 
makers  are  about  to  organize. 

Los  Angeles.—li.  D.  Biddle: 

All  organized  trades  steadily  employed,  but 
some  of  the  non-unionists  go  idle.  While  there  is 
still  room  for  improvement  in  conditions  here, 
there  is  a  marked  difference  in  favor  of  the  organ- 
ized workers.  Teamsters  gained  increase  of  25 
cents  an  hour  as  result  of  strike.  Cigarmakers  are 
gaining  ground  in  their  strike.  Am  working  to 
organize  railway  expressmen  and  dining-car  men. 
We  are  constantly  advocatine  the  union  labels. 
Union  made  steel  has  arrived  for  tbe  construction 
of  our  labor  temple  and  the  work  has  resumed. 

Oakland,— ChM.  W.  Petry: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment  in  all  branches.  Cooks  and 
waiters  secured  a  20  per  cent  increase  in  wages  and 
shortened  their  workday  one  hour.  Blacksmiths 
gained  15  per  cent  increase.  Wagon  workers 
secured  eight  hour  day,  barbers  got  10  per  cent 
increase,  machinists  received  eight  hour  day  in 
21  shops  out  of  th<  31,  but  owing  to  condition  of 
other  iron  trades  concluded  to  accept  graduated 
reduction  of  nine  to  eight  hour  day  within  three 
years.  The  union  labels  are  discussed  at  all  meet- 
in||8  in  order  to  increase  the  demand.  Federal 
union  and  shoe  workers  have  organized. 

yalU/o.—D,  H.  Leavitt: 

Organized  labor  secures  advantages  which  are 
not  enjoyed  by  the  unorganized.  Work  is  plenti- 
ful. There  is  a  big  demand  for  men  in  tbe  govern- 
ment navy  yard  at  Mare  Island.  Musicians  have 
greatly  improved  their  conditions  since  organiza- 
tion. Painters  in  the  near  future  will  demand  in- 
creased wages.  A  great  deal  of  dissatisfaction  has 
been  caused  by  the  order  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
Navy,  which  provides  that  all  mechanics  must 
work  piece-work  on  building  of  new  collier  at 
Mare  Island  navy  yard.  Cooks'  and  waiters'  union 


is  gaining  strength.    W^e  have  a  good  committee 
working  Tor  the  union  labels. 

CONNECTICUT. 

Bridgeport.— ]6hn  J.  O'Neill: 

Organized  labor  is  holding  its  own  in  this  vicinity 
and  through  its  own  efforts  some  of  the  Unorganizeti 
are  sharing  the  benefits.  Employment  is  steady. 
The  union  labels  are  well  patronized.  Barber.s 
demanded  and  have  now  secured  the  closing  of  all 
shops  on  holidays.  Tbe  printers  strike  is  still  on 
but  all  union  printers  are  employed.  All  building 
trades  are  in  good  shape,  painters  and  decorators 
secured  increased  wages.  Trolley  men  have  re- 
organized with  a  large  membership.  Machinists 
have  accomplished  good  work  during  tbe  past 
few  months  Through  their  efforts  and  the  assist- 
ance of  general  organizer  Stuart  Reid,  the  nine 
hour  day  was  secured  in  several  machine  shops 
without  reduction  in  wages,  while  in  some  shops 
the  wages  were  increased.  Through  agitation  of 
the  machinists  the  nine  hour  day  was  granted  to 
the  carriage  workers  who  are  not  organized. 
There  is  a  continuous  demand  for  the  union- 
labeled  goods.  Through  our  labor  representatives 
in  the  legislature  a  state  law  for  which  we  have 
energetically  worked  for  years    has  been  enacted. 

Hartford.—^.].  Sullivan: 

Everything  in  this  vicinity  is  in  favor  of  the 
organized  workers.  Work  is  plentiful;  there  is 
more  work  than  men,  both  in  the  building  and 
industrial  trades.  Carpenters  and  plumbers  secured 
increased  wages  and  decreased  hours  without  strike, 
eight  hours  and  half-holiday  on  Saturday  in  all  of 
the  building  trades.  Carpenters  increased  pay  to 
44  cents  per  hour  first  of  June,  without  strike.  A 
bill  is  now  before  tbe  legislature  for  an  appropria- 
tion of  150,000  to  fight  the  spread  of  tuberculosis. 
As  result  of  the  good  work  done  for  the  union 
labels  there  is  always  a  good  demand  for  them. 

COLORADO. 

Denver. — Frank  J.  Pulver: 

Industrial  conditions  here  are  very  good  and 
work  is  plentiful.  Newspaper  printers  secured 
advance  of  20  per  cent  in  wages  without 
strike.  Mill  men  and  electricians  secured  material 
advance  in  wages  after  a  short  strike.  There  is  a 
revival  of  interest  in  A.  F.  of  L.  organizations  at 
Leadville;  Pueblo  shows  great  gains  in  member- 
ship and  unions.  Active  label  leagues  are  doing 
good  work  in  Denver,  Pueblo,  and  Colorado 
Springs.  The  union  label  baseball  league  in  this 
city  attracts  great  crowds.  A  typographical  union 
has  been  organized  at  Grand  Junction.  Tent  and 
awning  makers  of  this  city  are  forming  union. 
After  a  year's  fight  laundry  workers  of  this  city 
have  made  their  first  break  m  the  ranks  of  the  so- 
called  laundrymen's  trust.  They  have  signed  up 
two  large  laundries  and  a  towel  supply  companv, 
also  two  smaller  laundries.  The  laundry  workers 
now  have  a  fine  organization  covering  10  strictly 
union  laundries.  Iron  molders  have  secured  ad- 
vance of  25  cents  a  day  and  uniform  scale  of  wages 
and  hours  throughout  the  entire  state  without 
strike. 

FLORIDA. 

Miami, — Wm.  G.  Coates: 

Ship  and  house  carpenters,  plumblers,  painters, 
plasterers,  bricklayers  and  stonemasons  are  well 
organized,  but  the  unskilled  laborers,  are^an* 


Digitized  by  VjOO 


fefe 


568 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


get  together  and  do  uot  understand  the  spirit  of 
unionism.  There  are  a  great  number  of  men  from 
all  parts  of  the  country,  now  working  on  Florida 
east  coast  railway  extension,  who  need  to  be  organ- 
ized, but  as  they  are  mostly  a  floating  population 
this  is  very  difficult.  House  carpenters  on  the 
first  of  May  secured  scale  of  |3.50  a  day.  Railway 
company  locked  out  their  employes  by  discharg- 
ing them  and  then  offering  the  places  back  at 
to  hour  day  on  the  old  scale,  but  we  are  eight 
hour  people  here.  Child  labor  bill  passed  on 
amendment,  forbidding  children  under  12  years  of 
age  to  work  in  factories. 

St,  Augustine  —John  H.  Pomar: 

Industrial  conditions  are  excellent  and  business 
good  in  this  locality.  Condition  of  organized  labor 
far  superior  to  that  of  the  unorganiz^.  All  unions 
in  good  shape  and  increasing  membership.  We 
have  a  child  labor  law  with  the  age  limit  at  12 
years  of  age".  Good  work  is  done  for  the  union 
labels. 

GEORGIA. 

Augusta. — B.  F.  Mclntyre: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  is  good,  but  the 
unorganized  can  never  get  justice  until  they  stand 
together  for  their  rights.  Employment  is  steady. 
Car  workers  after  strike  won  their  demands  in 
one  shop.  Good  work  is  done  for  the  union  labels. 

ILLINOIS. 

Betlevittf—VJ.  A.  Eskridge: 

Industrial  conditions  here  are  steadily  improv- 
ing, and  employment  is  fairly  steady.  Teamsters 
are  working  pending  the  arbitration  of  their  re- 
quest for  increased  wages.  We  have  had  several 
strikes  for  increased  wages  this  season.  Women's 
label  league  is  doing  good  work  for  the  union 
labels. 

Benton.— Q,  E.  McCoUom: 

Nearly  all  trades  are  organized.  Street  laborers 
after  a  short  strike  compromised  with  some  ad- 
vantages. Union  men  command  the  respect  of  the 
employers  in  this  vicinity.  We  are  urging  union 
labels  to  the  front. 

Bloomington. — A.  L.  Van  Ness: 

Organized  labor  prospering  and  making  steady 
progress,  although  some  unions  gave  up  their 
charters  after  they  secured  all  the  improved  con- 
ditions they  desired,  and  it  will  take  a  reverse  to 
make  them  realize  that  they  must  keep  their  or- 
ganization and  stand  close  together  in  order  to 
maintain  the  benefits  secured.  Carpenters  some 
time  ago  secured  advance  of  two  and  one-half 
cents  an  hour  without  strike.  The  municipal 
work  is  done  by  the  members  of  the  federal  labor 
union.  The  typographical  union  label  stickers  is 
very  popular  and  we  return  all  printing  which 
does  not  bear  the  union  label. 

Carlinville, — R.  Bohrman: 

Conditions  here  are  satisfactory  as  nearly  all 
workers  are  organized.     A  city  ordinance  favor- 
able to  organized  labor  was  passed  recently.    Have 
some  new  unions  under  way. 
Carrier  Mills. ^^.  T   Davis: 

In  some  lines  of  industry  we  have  secured  im- 
proved conditions  without  strike.  Organized 
workers  have  the  advantage  over  the  unorganized. 
The  condition  of  unorganized  workers  seems  to  be 
steadily  growing  worse.  Clerks  are  about  to  or- 
ganize. 


Ltwist\jWH. — A.J    Stutes: 

Industrial  conditions  are  very  good,  considering 
that  building  is  quite  slow;  nothing  but  repair 
work  at  this  time.  Prospects  are  brighter  for  the 
rest  of  the  season.  Hours  have  been  reduced  from 
nine  to  eight  a  day  and  wages  have  increased  from 
25  to  30  cents  an  hour 

Mattoon. — Clarence  Krieg: 

Organized  labor  in  fair  shape.  Street-car  men 
are  unorganized  and  their  wages  range  from  15  to 
17  cents  an  hour  and  11  hour  day.  Stove  plate 
molders  secured  advance  of  five  per  cent.  Shop 
men  also  secured  advance  in  wages.  Street-car  men, 
metal  workers,  and  federal  labor  unions  are  about 
to  organize. 

Mendota,—].  B.  Phelps: 

All  trades  find  steady  employment.  No  change 
since  last  report. 

Pontiac, — Joe  Murphy: 

There  is  not  much  unorganized  labor  in  this  sec- 
tion. The  shoe  workers  comprise  the  main  part 
of  the  unorganized  element  and  their  conditions 
are  poor.  Wages  have  advanced  over  last  year's 
scale  ip  some  of  the  organized  crafts.  All  union 
labels  are  patronized.  Work  is  not  so  plentiful  as 
last  season. 

Quincy.—Hy.  W.  Vomdam: 

Work  is  steady  and  plentiful.  Generally  speak- 
ing the  condition  of  the  unorganized  workers  is 
not  good,  but  the  organized  workers  owing  to 
their  own  efforts  are  enjoying  satisfactory  condi- 
tions. An  ordinance  giving  the  city  printing  to  a 
union  shop  over  the  bid  of  an  unfair  shop  was 
passed  at  a  recent  meeting  of  city  council. 
Patternmakers  have  organized. 

Sparta. -^]9iS.  F.  La  Rue: 

Conditions  here  are  very  ^ood  for  organized 
crafts.  There  are  few  unorganized  workers  in  this 
city.  Through  diligent  work  we  have  8ecure<l  the 
eight  hour  day  where  we  formerly  worked  nine 
hours.  Have  prospects  of  two  new  organizations 
in  the  near  future. 

Springfield. — R.  E.  Woodmansee: 

The  condition  of  organized  labor  in  Springfield 
is  excellent  and  employment  is  steady.  While' 
there  is  not  quite  as  much  building  going  on  this 
year  as  last,  most  of  the  members  of  the  building 
trades  are  finding  plenty  to  do.  Since  last  report 
there  have  been  no  strikes  or  lockouts.  The  Spring- 
field Union  Label  League  is  one  of  the  liveliest 
organizations  in  the  city  and  is  receiving  the  sup- 
port of  all  of  the  locals  in  the  city  who  have  a  shop 
card,  button,  or  label.  The  weaker  organizations 
have  been  greatly  strengthened.  The  retail  clerks' 
union  all  over  the  state  of  Illinois  met  at  Bloom- 
ing^ton  recently  and  formed  a  state  organization 
and  elected  a  secretary-treasurer  and  chose  Spring- 
field as  the  headquarters  for  the  association.  The 
secretary-treasurer  will  devote  his  entire  time  to 
the  work  of  the  organization. 

Tatnaroa. — W.  H.  Johnston: 

Union  men  get  most  of  the  work  to  be  done 
here.  Employment  is  not  plentiful  at  this  writing. 
Wages  and  hours  about  the  same  as  at  last  report. 

Taylarville.— James  A.  Holmes: 

Organized  labor  in  prosperous  condition  and 
steadily  employed.  Union  men  generally  are  pre- 
ferred to  the  unorganized  workers.  Wages  in  dif- 
ferent lines  have  improved  and  tbe^^iw:^rkday  has 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


569 


been  reduced  from  nine  to  eight  hours  a  day. 
Teamsters  demanded  and  secured  eight  hour  day 
at  $ySO  which  is  a  raise  of  50  cents  a  day.  The 
new  city  council  recognized  the  advance  in  wages. 
All  unions  urge  their  members  to  demand  the 
anion  labels. 

INDIANA* 

La  fbrie.—ChA3,  F.  Kelling: 

Industrial  conditions  good.  Union  men  have 
secured  improved  conditions  and  shorter  hours. 
Sheet  metal  workers  are  about  to  organize.  There 
is  a  good  demand  for  union-labeled  cigars. 

LogansporL—O,  P.  Smith  and  Mrs.  Dora  Smith: 
Bv  ery  union  man  is  working  at  good  wages  and 
fair  conditions.  We  think  we  can  bring  all  the 
skilled  workers  into  the  organizations  and  we  are 
going  to  make  the  effort.  Several  new  unions  will 
be  organized.  Carpenters  and  federal  union  are 
under  way.  Work  is  steady  in  all  lines.  The 
non-unionists  continue  to  complain  because  th^ir 
wages  are  not  so  high  and  their  hours  are  longer 
than  the  union  men's.  We  tell  them  the  only 
remedy  is  organization.  We  anticipate  the  largest 
and  most  successful  Labor  Day  demonstration  ever 
held  here.  Six  cities,  Peru,  Huntington,  Wabash, 
Kokomo,  Lafayette,  and  Logansport  will  combine 
in  the  celebration.  The  International  Label 
League  Convention,  which  was  held  here  in  June, 
was  beneficial  to  the  cause  of  labor  and  a  great 
help  to  the  union  labels. 

Madison. — Henry  H.  Humphrey: 

The  unionized  workers  are  far  in  advance  of  the 
unorganized  as  regards  both  hours  and  wages. 
The  trade  union  movement  is  steadily  gaining 
eround.  Carpenters  and  painters  are  now  work- 
ing nine  hour  day  and  getting  five  cents  an  hour 
more  than  last  year.  This  was  secured  without 
strike.  The  union  men  get  about  50  cents  more 
per  day  than  the  non-unionists,  who  have  to  work 
10  hour  day.  Barbers  and  hodcarriers  are  about  to 
organize.  All  union  labels  are  patronized  by  union 
men. 

Mt.  Vernon.^ Amts  K.  Kreutzinger: 

Everything  quiet  in  this  section.  Employment 
is  not  steady  at  this  time.  Farm  laborers  are  talk- 
ing organization.  Label  committee  doing  good 
work  promoting  the  union  labels,  especially  among 
the  members  ofthe  farmers'  union. 

Vincenn€S.—i .  O.  Loten: 

Building  trades  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  Organized  workers  have  fair 
conditions.  Painters  and  carpenters  secured  ad- 
vance in  wap^es  without  trouble.  They  will 
try  for  the  eight  hour  day  next  year.  Tailors 
have  organized. 

Wabash, ^C)i9s,  Euphrat: 

Conditions  are  steadily  improving  for  organized 
crafts  owing  to  their  own  efforts.  Employment 
is  plentiful.    Have  one  new  union  under  way. 

INDIAN  TERRITORY. 

So,  nfcAlester.—T>,  S.  O'Leary: 

All  trades  steadily  employed.  Stone  cutters  se- 
cured raise  of  40  cents  per  day  without  trouble. 
Organized  labor  in  good  shape;  unorganized  work- 
ers enjoy  fair  conditions  owing  to  the  general 
advancement  in  industrial  conditions  here.  Fed- 
eral labor  union  is  about  to  organize. 


lOVA* 

Cedar  Rapids.— k.]  Cronkhite: 

Conditions  here  are  good  and  organized  crafts 
in  good  shape.  Carpenters  receive  |3  25  for  eight 
hour  day,  building  laborers  get  |2  for  eight  hour 
day.  Unorganized  laborers  working  in  shops  and 
factories  receive  from  |1. 25  to  |1.50  a  day  working 
10  hours.  Employment  is  steady.  The  building 
trades  on  April  first  this  year  reduced  the  general 
working  day  from  nine  to  eight  hours  without 
trouble.  In  some  trades  wages  were  raised,  while 
others  receive  the  same  wages  they  did  for  the 
nine  hour  day.  Teamsters  and  cement  workers 
have  organized  and  bartenders  are  under  way. 
Women's  label  league  is  doing  splendid  work  for 
the  union  labels. 

Z^f^f^f^.— Simon  Miller: 

Organized  labor  conditions  are  far  better  than 
the  unorganized.  Millmen  are  on  strike  for  25 
cents  minimum  wage,  nine  hour  day,  and  union 
shop.  Stationary  firemen  are  organizing.  Women's 
label  league  is  doing  good  work  for  the  union 
label.  Union  men  should  get  together  at  the  polls 
to  elect  men  who  will  see  to  it  that  favorable  labor 
measures  are  enacted  c 

Keokuk, —John  Q.  Karle: 

Organized  labor  making  fair  progress.  Station- 
ary firemen  and  engineers  are  organizing.  Musi- 
cians have  organized  during  month.  Employment 
plentiful  and  steady. 

Oiiumwa.—H,  E.  Roe: 

With  the  exception  of  miners  all  trades  are 
steadily  employed  and  find  work  plentiful.  Freight 
handlers  secured  10  per  cent  increase  in  wages  with- 
out strike.  The  union  men  secure  about  40  per  cent 
higher  wages  than  the  non-unionists.  The  unions 
are  increasing  and  steadily  building  up  their 
membership.  We  have  two  committees  working 
for  the  union  label.  Meat  cutters  have  organized 
with  a  membership  of  85. 

IVaierloo.—n.  G.  Pullen: 

Industrial  conditions  good  and  employment 
steady.  Molders  gained  nine  hour  day  without 
reduction  in  wages.  Machinists  and  boilermakers 
obtained  raise  of  three  cents  per  hour.  Boilermak- 
ers' helpers  received  one  and  three- cjuarter  cents  an ' 
hour  increase.  The  strike  of  the  railway  employes 
has  been  settled,  conceding  to  the  men  the  right 
to  organize.  Federal  union  has  been  formed  at 
Cedar  Falls.  Plasterers,  cooks,  and  waiters  are 
about  to  organize.  The  work  for  the  union  labels 
is  looked  after  by  the  women's  label  league. 

KANSAS. 

Kansas  Ciiy,—S.  E.  Peete: 

This  is  an  excellent  field  for  international  or- 
ganizers, especially  among  the  teamsters  and 
packinghouse  trades.  There  are  about  eighteen 
thousand  to  twenty-five  thousand  employes  in  this 
city,  with  about  ten  per  cent  of  them  organized. 
Organized  crafts  here  are  in  splendid  condition, 
securing  good  wages  and  satisfactory  hours.    Em* 

Eloyment  is  plentiful.    A  central  labor  union  is 
eing  organized. 
Topeka.S.  J.  Crume: 

No  material  change  in  wages  or  hours  since  last 
report.  Hodcarriers  have  organized.  The  unions 
throughout  the  state  are  electing  delegates  to  at- 
tend the  state  federation  convention  to  be  held 
here  during  the  mon  th .  .      r\r\r\i^ 

Digitized  by  VjOOQie 


570 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIOmST 


IVest  Mineral. ^Sim  A.  Bramlette: 

Carpenters  have  organized  with  good  member- 
ship and  their  prospects  are  bright  fgr  the  future. 
Retail  clerks  have  organized  and  show  deep  in- 
terest in  the  movement.  We  are  now  about  to  or- 
ganize a  central  labor  union,  in  which  the  local 
unions  will  be  well  represented,  and  it  will  ma- 
terially strengthen  the  trade  union  movement  in 
this  city. 

KENTUCKY. 

Louisville,— John  Young: 

Organized  labor  booming.  Employment  is 
steady.  Cigarmakers  have  bettered  their  condi- 
tions. Laundry  workers  have  organized.  Book- 
keepers, typewriters,  and  colored  paperhangers, 
and  waist  workers  are  about  to  organize.  Good 
work  is  done  for  the  union  labels. 

Otuensboro  — B.  F.  Herron; 

There  is  a  good  demand  for  all  union  labor  in 
this  vicinity.  Employment  is  steady  in  every  or- 
ganized trade.  Union  men  are  working  the  nine 
hour  day.  Carpenters  at  this  writing  are  on  strike 
for  nine  hour  day  and  30  cents  an  hour.  Carriage 
workers  are  out  for  recognition  of  union.  There 
seems  to  be  a  general  demand  for  the  nine  hour 
day  and  higher  wages.  Flour  mill  employes  have 
formed  union.  Federal  union,  lathers,  teams  ers, 
and  stationary  firemen  are  about  to  organize. 
There  is  a  good  demand  for  the  union  labels  here. 

MAINE. 

iV«7/i«<?^:/k^/.— E.J.  Graham: 

All  trades  are  thoroughly  organized  and  wages 
generally  have  increased.  Industrial  conditions  are 
good  and  employment  steady.  Carpenters  of  East 
Millinocket  have  organized  and  expect  to  organize 
the  farmers  of  Aroostook  County  shortly.  Gbod 
work  is  done  to  push  the  union  labels  to  the  front. 

Rum/ord  Falls.— Frank  M.  Taylor:    . 

Organized  labor  in  ^ood  shape  and  steadily  em- 

Elojed.  One  paper  mill  went  on  the  eight  hour 
asis  June  first,  and  a  paper  bag  factory  has 
adopted  the  nine  hour  day.  Barbers  are  talking 
organization.  The  union  label  bulletins  are  dis- 
played extensively  in  order  to  advertise  the  union 
labels. 

Vinalhaven. — Winslow  Roberts: 

Practically  all  labor  here  is  organized  and  enjoy- 
ing good  conditions.  State  child  labor  law  was 
passed  during  the  last  session  of  the  legislature. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Chicopee.—].  F.  Murphy: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape,  but  could  still 
be  improved.  Wages  have  advanced  without  strike 
this  season.  Employment  is  steady.  The  Polish 
textile  workers  have  formed  union  and  the  Eng- 
lish-speaking workers  are  organizing  another. 
Good  work  is  done  for  the  union  labels. 

Marlboro. — Philip  J.  Byrne: 

Have  been  on  a  trip  through  Illinois.  Indiana, 
and  Ohio  to  see  shoe  dealers  selling  union-made 
shoes.  I  find  the  above  states  are  fairly  well  or- 
ganized. Am  pushing  the  work  of  the  union  labels 
right  along. 

Newburyport.—I.  P.  B.  Houghton: 

Carpenters,  painters,  musicians,  and  bricklayers 
are  organized.  Employment  is  steady.  All  union 
labels  are  patronized. 


Newton,—^.  L.  Chivers: 

All  building  trades  have  strong  unions,  but  few 
other  trades  are  organized.  Employment  is  plen- 
tiful and  steady.  Marked  advance  in  wages  was 
secured  this  spring  on  the  construction  work. 

Pills^ld.— John  B.  Mickle: 

Organized  trades  in  fair  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  Masons  advanced  wages  SO 
cents  a  day,  lathers  secured  five  cents  a  bundle 
increase,  and  building  laborers  25  cents  without 
strike.  About  ninety-five  per  cent  of  the  workers 
in  the  building  trades  are  organized.  Other  unions 
are  steadily  gaining.  Butchers  and  metal  workers 
are  about  to  form  unions. 

Taunton.— D.  O.  MacGlashing: 

There  is  a  good  demand  for  men  in  all  lines  of 
industry.  Employment  steady. '  Eight  hour  day 
generally  prevails  among  organized  crafts.  Wages 
are  steadily  increasing.  No  strikes  or  other 
troubles  to  report.  Organized  labor  is  in  the  lead 
as  regards  working  conditions.  Plumbers  are  about 
to  organize.  .  Label  committee  from  the  central 
labor  union  is  booming  the  union  labels. 

MICHIGAN. 

y^nn  Arbor.— J.  V.  Quirk: 

Organized  labor  in  this  city  making  steady  pro- 
gress. The  unorganized  workers  here  are  tew, 
consisting  of  furniture  factory  workers  and  their 
conditions  are  not  enviable.  Employment  is  steady. 
Plumbers  have  organized.  Printers*  *'stickers**  are 
doing  good  work  and  indirectly  aid  the  union 
labels  of  other  trades. 

Grand  Rapids. — Eugene  F.  Gourdeau: 

Most  of  the  organized  trades  have  bettered  their 
conditions  this  year  without  strike.  Horseshoers 
are  now  working  nine  hour  day,  which  was  se- 
cured the  first  of  July.  Some  of  the  unorganized 
'workers  are  sharing  better  conditions.  For  in- 
stance, during  four  months  of  the  year  the  unor- 
ganized workers  enjoy  Saturday  half-holiday,  which 
was  secured  through  organized  effort.  We  con- 
sider it  of  great  importance  that  organized  labor 
throughout  the  country  get  in  touch  with  the 
American  Society  of  Equity,  as  there  are  many 
lines  of  work  in  which  they  may  be  mutually  help- 
ful. Milk  venders  have  organized  and  have  good 
prospects. 

Marine  Cily.—Q.  F.  Farman: 

Organized  labor  making  good  progress  and  en- 
joys steady  employment,  but  the  unorganized  do 
not  secure  any  work  where  we  can  furuish  union 
men.  Wages  have  improved  without  strike  this 
season.  All  the  city  officials  being  union  men,  a 
man  must  show  a  union  card  in  order  to  secure 
employment  on  municipal  work.  Have  a  couple 
of  new  unions  under  way. 

Port  Huron.— h,  E.  Deal: 

There  is  considerable  work  here  for  all  classes 
of  labor,  but  wages  are  not  up  to  the  standard  we 
desire.  The  trades  here  are  not  thoroughly  or- 
ganized, but  those  that  have  joined  unions  have 
bettered  their  working  conditions.  Employes  in 
local  saw  works  secured  nine  hour  day  without 
reduction  of  wages  and  without  trouble.  This 
plant  is  thoroughly  union.  The  unorganized 
work  the  10  hour  day.  Garment  workers  have 
organized  with  a  membership  of  50.  Pressmen 
organized  with  bright  prospects  for  a  good  organ- 
ization.   We  have  secured  a, weights  and  \ 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


57t 


ordinance  after  three  years'  eflFort.  We  are  now 
favoring  a  renewal  of  gas  companies'  franchise  for 
10  years  at  75  cents  per  thousand  for  all  purposes. 
Saui/  SU.  Marie.—ChBS.  W.  Troyer: 
Organized  labor  in  this  city  in  splendid  shape 
and  we  expect  to  maintain  its  healthy  condition. 
The  unorganized  crafts  seem  anxious  to  come 
in  line.  The  unskilled  laborers,  teamsters,  and 
unorganized  laborers  recently  secured  raise  in 
wages.  This  is  due  to  the  sentiment  created  by  the 
unions.  Work  is  plentiful.  There  is  good  demand 
for  the  union  labels.  Central  body  and  teamsters 
at  Marquette  have  organized.  Drug  clerks  of  this 
city  have  formed  union.  Blacksmiths  will  organ- 
ize. 

Wyandotte. — Harry  La  Beau: 
Organized  labor  is  receiving  from  25  cents  to  |1 
more  per  day  than  the  unorganized.  Employ- 
ment is  steady.  We  have  a  committee  working 
for  the  union  labels.  Wages  and  hours  about  the 
same  as  last  season. 

MISSOURI 
Alexandria. — H.  A.  Sheets: 
Work  is  plentiful  and  union  men  are  favored  by 
employers  in  this  vicinity.    Union  men  command 
higher  pay  than  the  non-unionists.  There  is  a  good 
demand  for  all  union  labels. 

Kansas  City  —John  T.  Smith: 

Organized  labor  in  fair  shape  and  we  are  having 
a  good  season.  Machinists  are  still  on  strike  at 
this  writing,  but  we  look  for  settlement  soon. 
Iron  molders  are  also  on  strike.  Over  60  per  cent 
of  both  of  these  organizations  have  secured  the 
nine  hour  day.  About  eight  hundred  new  mem- 
bers have  been  added  to  the  various  local  unions 
since  the  first  of  March.  Blacksmiths  and 
helpers  have  formed  union.  All  union  labels  are 
well  patronized. 

Matceline. — Geo.  R.  McGregor: 

Organized  trades  enjoy  steady  employment  and 
good  conditions,  but  same  can  not  be  said  of  the 
unorganized  workers.  No  changes  in  wages  or 
hours  since  last  report.  The  union  labels  are  pro- 
moted by  the  union  label  committee. 

Moberly.^Q.  B.  Dysart: 

There  is  plenty  of  work  for  all  trades.  Laundry 
workers  and  waiters  are  organizing.  No  strikes  or 
other  troubles. 

Novinger. — G.  B.  Queen: 

Union  men  in  this  city  are  making  renewed  efforts 
to  improve  labor  condition  here  and  get  all  the 
workers  in  line.  Trades  and  labor  assembly  is 
working  to  push  the  union  labels  to  the  front. 
Employment  only  fair. 

Sedalia.—lS.  T.  Behrens: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  in  this  city  is  most 
gratifying.  Wages  are  advancing  in  some  lines  and 
working  conditions  have  been  improved.  Those 
already  secured  are  being  maintained.  Employ- 
ment IS  fairly  steady.  Sheet  metal  workers  em- 
ployed on  the  Missouri,  Pacific  and  Iron  Mountain 
are  on  strike  for  increase  of  three  cents  per  hour. 
Tailors  have  organized. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

^^i«.— Patrick  Smyth: 

Bight  hour  day  is  now  general  in  this  city,  as 
all  the  paper  and  pulp  mills  secured  eight  hours 
on  July  first.    Employment  is  steady.    Industrial 


conditions  are  practically  the  same  since  last 
report. 

Keene. — A.  A.  Farnsworth: 

Unorganized  workers  are  coming  into  the  unions 
and  conditions  here  are  very  gratifying.  The  de- 
mand for  labor  exceeds  the  supply.  Horseshoers 
have  organized  with  every  journeyman  a  member 
of  the  union.  Teamsters  and  clerks  are  about  to 
form  unions.  Since  their  organization  the  horse- 
shoers notified  several  employers  that  they  desired 
a  nine  hour  day  without  reduction  in  wages.  This 
was  granted  and  went  into  effect  July  first. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

Elizabeth, — John  Keyes: 

Union  mechanics  find  steady  employment.  The 
general  conditions  as  well  as  the  hours  and  wages 
of  union  men  are  very  much  better  than  the  con- 
ditions of  the  unorganized.  Strike  on  New  Jersey 
dry  dock  still  continues.  Teamsters  and  transfer 
men  are  likely  to  organize.  Union  label  committee 
is  doing  good  work  for  the  union  labels. 

NEW  YORK* 

Jamestozim,— horns  E.  Ruden: 

There  is  a  great  demand  for  skilled  labor  in  all 
trades.  Sheet  metal  workers  have  reduced  hours 
from'  ten  to  nine  without  strike.  Metal  polishers 
have  organized  with  a  charter  membership  of  four- 
fifths  of  the  trade. 

Little  Falls.— Thos.  J.  Crowley: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  Tinners  will  probably  or- 
ganize. Central  labor  union  is  preparing  for  a  big 
celebration  on  Labor  Day. 

Newburgk. ^ohn  Rothery: 

Bricklayers,  hodcarriers,  plumbers,  and  metal 
workers  secured  inci eased  wages  this  year  through 
arbitration.  Carpenters  and  painters  at  this  writing 
are  unsettled  in  their  wage  scale,  but  the  outlook 
is  br  ght  for  satisfactory  settlement,  through  arbi- 
tration. 

Sandy  Hill —Thos.  E.Burke: 

Organized  labor  steadily  employed.  Industrial 
conditions  are  good.  Barge  canal  construction 
makes  a  good  demand  for  labor.  Machinists  and 
laborers  are  forming  unions. 

Schenectady. — E.  T.  Larkins: 

Organized  labor  was  never  in  better  shape  than 
now  and  there  is  lots  of  work  for  the  building 
trades  as  well  as  in  all  shop  trades  We  have  had 
no  strikes  here.  Electrical  workers  secured  in- 
crease in  wages  and  union  agreement  with  General 
Electric  Company.  There  is  very  little  unorganized 
labor  here.  Good  work  has  been,  done  for  the 
union  labels. 

Syracuse. — Robt.  Kinney: 

Skilled  crafts  are  rapidly  increasing  their  mem- 
bership. Employment  is  plentiful;  in  some  lines 
we  can  not  meet  the  demand  for  help.  Cement 
workers  have  organized  and  glove  workers  are 
about  to  form  union.  Women's  label  league  is 
doing  good  work. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Asheville.—O.  R.  Jarrett: 

Wages  in  all  trades  have  advanced  Without 
trouble  this  season.  Union  men  have  much  better 
conditions  than  the  unorganized;  the  latter  work 
10  and  11  hours  a  day  w^U|!^t^|^<^r5|,pj,e^rp^ 


572 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


eight  and  nine  hours  at  a  higher  rate  of  wages. 
There  seems  to  be  a  greater  tendency  on  the  part 
of  the  unorganized  to  get  in  line.  A  federal  union 
has  been  organized  at  Waynesville.  Expect  to 
report  several  other  unions  in  the  near  future. 
Union  men  patronize  union-label  goods. 

NORTH  DAKOTA* 

Fargo. — A.  L.  Failor: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  is  the  very  best, 
and  all  trades  are  steadily  employed.  Unorganized 
workers  are  working  all  kinds  of  hours  at  a  low 
rate  of  wages.  Almost  every  union  has  increased 
from  five  to  75  members  during  the  month.  Rail- 
way machinists  have  organized. 

OHIO. 

Ashtabuia.—]sLa,  P.  Alicoate: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress.  All 
trades  working.  Nearly  all  unions  have  made  satis- 
factory wage  agreement  for  the  year.  The  unions 
are  continually  trying  to  improve  conditions  of 
the  workers.  Delegates  from  all  unions  to  the 
central  body  report  business  booming. 

^flmAf//.— Fred  Helle: 

Most  trades  are  fairly  well  employed.  About 
three-fourths  of  the  traaes  are  organized  and  have 
secured  shorter  workday.  The  eight  hour  work- 
day has  been  passed  by  city  council  and  is  observed 
on  all  street  work. 

Canton, — A.  J.  Robinson: 

All  organized  labor  employed  at  good  wages. 
Brewery  firemen  have  signed  contracts  for  eight 
hour  day.  There  is  plenty  of  work  for  organizers 
representing  the  brick  and  tUe  workers,  nremen, 
painters,  and  sheet  metal  workers.  Tailors  and 
bakers  have  organized.  Federal  union  and  ma- 
chinists are  about  to  form  unions.  . 

CrooksvilU.—  S.  R.  Frazce: 

In  every  way  is  the  condition  of  organized  labor 
far  ahead  of  the  unorganized.  Employment  fairly 
steady.  Have  three  new  unions  under  way.  We 
do  all  we  can  to  promote  the  union  labels. 

Easi  Palestine.— G^.  H.  AUcom: 

Organized  trades  in  good  shape  and  steadily  em- 
ployed.    Musicians  are  organizing. 

Fostoria.—ChdiS.  E.  Scharf ; 

Employment  plentiful.  All  union  men  at  work. 
Conditions  good  for  organized  crafts.  Clerks  are 
organizing.  A  great  deal  of  work  is  done  for  the 
union  labels. 

Freemonl.—H,  A.  Smith: 

There  is  such  a  demand  for  laborers  that  the 
places  can  not  all  be  filled.  Conditions  are  pretty 
good  here  and  as  a  consequence  it  is  hard  to  get 
the  unorganized  in  line,  for  they  do  not  realize  the 
necessity  of  organization  except  under  stress  of 
hard  conditions.  Garment  workers  secured  increase 
in  wages  and  recognition  of  union  from  a  big 
manufacturing  company.  These  garment  workers 
organized  because  of  a  reduction  in  wages.  The 
company  also  owns  factories  in  Sandusky,  where 
the  girls  have  organized,  and  other  factories  in 
Clyde,  Bellevue,  and  TiflSn. 

Sandusky. — F.  A.  Hammond: 

Industrial  conditions  good.  Lady  garment 
workers  won  advance  in  wages  and  other  improve- 
ments after  being  out  12  weeks.  This  trade  organ- 
ized   recently    witli    130    members.     Paper  .mill 


employes  are  forming  unions, 
the  union  labels. 


We  are  agitating 


Tiffin.^S.  D.  Burford: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  improving.  We 
are  working  to  strengthen  the  weak  places  and 
we  feel  that  our  efiPorts  will  be  crownea  with  suc- 
cess in  the  near  future.  Employment  is  steady  and 
prospect  good  for  plenty  of  work.  Unorganized 
workers  do  not  receive  as  high  wages  a^  the  union 
men.  Painters  have  organized  with  good  pros- 
pects. Bakers  and  machinists  are  about  to  form 
unions. 

OKLAHOMA. 

Enid.—A.  W.  Hair: 

Teamsters,  painters,  paperhangers,  and  carriage 
workers  have  organized  recently.  A  central  body 
has  also  been  formed.  Expect  to  get  the  laborers 
in  line  by  next  month. 

Lawton. — A.  Rebey: 

Prospects  are  bright  for  the  future.  Work  is 
plentiful  in  all  branches.  All  union  work  calls 
for  eight  hour  day  here.  Carpenters  have  increased 
wages  from  35  to  40  cents  an  hour  and  reduced 
workday  from  nine  to  eight  hours.  Stone  and 
brick  masons  gained  10  cents  an  hour.  Plasteret s 
also  gained  increased  wages  through  strike.  We 
have  established  a  joint  arbitration  board  and 
working  agreement  which  is  doing  much  ggod. 
Carpenters  of  Walter  have  formed  union.  Hod- 
carriers  and  building  laborers,  and  a  federal  union 
of  Walter  are  organizing. 

Shawnee.— y  Harvey  Lynch: 

Organized  labor  steadily  increasing  and  gaining 
improved  condition  over  the  unorganized.  There 
is  a  fair  demand  for  labor.  We  have  secured 
several  labor  measures  in  the  new  constitntion  of 
the  state.  There  is  an  increasing  demand  for  the 
union  labels.  Several  federal  unions  are  under 
way. 

PENNSYLVANIA, 

Berwick.— H.  W.  Cope: 

Organized  labor  in  ^ood  shape,  notwithstanding 
the  fact  that  the  building  trades  have  been  on 
strike.  No  changes  in  wages  or  hours  since  last 
month.  There  is  no  comparison  between  the  con- 
dition of  organized  and  unorganized  labor.  The 
latter  are  cut  down  to  the  lowest  possible  condi- 
tions. State  legislature  passed  the  employers' 
liability  act.  We  demand  the  union  labels  at  all 
times. 

Easion.—J.  H.  Wesley: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  continues  to  ad- 
vance. Better  wages,  shorter  hours,  and  other 
features  denoting  progress  are  being  secured  as 
result  of  conferences.  The  unorganized  are  getting 
restless  and  seeking  or^^anization.  Employment  is 
steady.  Improved  conditions  have  been  secured  in 
several  trades  without  strike.  This  vicinity  is  no 
exception  to  the  general  field;  organized  labor 
always  far  ahead  of  the  unorganized.  Employers* 
liability  act  wns  passed  by  legislature.  Hoisting 
engineers,  stationary  engineers,  and  silk  mill  em- 
ployes are  about  to  form  unions. 

Franklin.—W.  J.  Welter: 

All  trades,  with  but  one  exception,  organized 
and  in  healthy  condition.  Machinists  are  oo 
strike  for  better  conditions.  Building  trades  se- 
cured demands  without  strike.  BU^Btric  rmilwaj 
Digitized  by  VjOOr^'^ 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


573 


employes  have  formed  anion  with  75  members.  A 
federal  onion  is  being  organized. 

Mahanoy  CUy.—R,  C.  Fowler: 

^11  workers  steadily  employed.  Carpenters  have 
sdvanced  wages  three  cents  an  hour;  bricklayers 
and  stonemasons  secured  five  cents  an  hour  in- 
crease without  strike.  Sheet  metal  workers  have 
formed  union  and  painters  are  organizing.  All 
nnion  men  patronize  the  union  labels. 

New  Brighton. --n,  S.  Smith: 

Industrial  conditions  very  good  and  employ- 
ment steady.  Carpenters  have  increased  their 
wages  from  |3  to  |3.25  a  day.  *  We  try  to  promote 
the  demand  of  the  union  labels. 

North  Wales —J^s,  H.  Beam: 

Work  is  plentiful  in  this  section.  Slight  im- 
provement is  noticed  in  wages  in  some  lines.  We 
have  a  district  council  in  the  county  which  is  do- 
ing good  work.  A  business  agent  in  the  field  also 
promotes  things  generally. 

Pitision.—y  N.  Cathrall: 

Organized  trades,  such  as  painters,  carpenters, 
bricklayers,  plasterers,  stonemasons,  and  molders 
work  eight  hour  day.  Machinists  work  eight, 
nine,  and  ten  hour  day.  Electricians  are  unor- 
ganized and  work  all  kinds  of  hours.  They 
are  now  getting  ready  to  form  union.  A  federal 
anion,  also,  is  being  formed.  We  are  publish- 
ing a  labor  paper  which  is  very  helpful  to  the 
workers  in  this  vicinity. '  Boilermakers  and  help- 
ers have  organized.  Retail  clerks*  union  is  a  strong 
organization  and  is  helpful  in  the  work  for  the 
union  labels.  Ladies'  label  league  doing  active 
work  for  the  union  labels. 

Warren. — Chas.  A.  Anderson: 

Organized  labor  in  better  shape  than  ever  before. 
Although  work  has  not  been  plentiful  the  union- 
ized trades  have  gained  shorter  hours  and  more 
pay  without  strike.  The  various  union  labels  are 
being  advertised  and  demanded.  Several  new 
unions  are  under  way. 

York.—VJm.  Kelly: 

Great  interest  is  manifested  in  trade  unionism. 
Cigarmakers  added  67  new  members  recently. 
Conditions  of  union  men  steadily  improving. 
Boilermakers  are  organizing.  We  continually 
agitate  for  the  union  labels. 

TEXAS. 

Abilene.'-VJm.  T.  Scarborough: 

All  union  men  at  work.  Unorganized  workers 
also  find  work  to  do,  but  the  larger  portion  of  the 
workers  here  are  union  men.  Laborers  and  bar- 
bers are  organizing.  We  patronize  all  union  labels. 

Austin. — Jos.  Amstead: 

Employment  is  fairly  plentiful.  Organized  labor 
in  fair  shape.  Musicians  and  stationary  engineers 
have  formed  unions.  Teamsters  are  ab^ut  to 
organize. 

Denison. — F.  R.  Lawhon: 

Denison  is  well  organized,  nearly  all  trades  in 
line.  Employment  is  steady.  Several  trades  have 
obtained  reduction  in  hours  and  others  have  in- 
creased wages  without  trouble.  We  are  constantly 
agitating  the  union  labels. 

Ennis.—K.  R.  Perry: 

Every  union  man  with  card  is  working.  All 
skilled  labor  is  organized.  All  trades  doing  nicely. 
We  patronize  the  union  labels. 


Galveston, --^Btry  Weimar: 

With  few  exceptions  organized  labor  in  splendid 
condition.  Tinners  won  complete  victory  in  their 
strike.  Tinners  and  plumbers  have  advanced 
wages  and  reduced  hours  as  result  of  strike.  Label 
league  is  doing  excellent  work.  Bakers*  drivers 
have  organized. 

San  Antonio.— VJ,  W.  South  worth: 

Every  one  in  the  building  trades  working,  but 
wages  are  not  what  they  should  be  considering  the 
demand  for  labor.  Clerks  are  likely  to  organize. 
Commerical  telegraphers,  plasterers,  meat  cutters, 
garment  workers,  lathers*  and  chaffeurs  have 
organized.  We  are  particularly  pushing  the  union 
labels  on  printing,  tobacco,  and  clothing. 

Thurber.—M.  D.  Lasater  and  C.  L.  Lightfoot: 

All  trades  are  enjoying  steady  employment  and 
good  conditions.  This  town  is  thoroughly  organ- 
ized and  conditions  are  satisfactory.  Car  yard 
men  have  formed  union.  We  patronize  union- 
made  goods. 

UTAH. 

Salt  Lake  OVy.— Daniel  I.  Elton: 

Some  of  the  building  trades  are  out  on  strike  for 
increased  wages.  Bookbinders  secured  eight  hour 
day  without  trouble.  Truckmen  have  formed 
union.  Federal  union,  slaughterhouse  men,  candy 
makers,  meat  cutters,  cement  workers,  and  retail 
clerks  are  about  to  organize. 

VERMONT. 

Bellows  Falls.—].  J.  0*Connor: 

Papermakers,  molders,  painters,  garment  work- 
ers, and  bartenders  are  well  organized.  All  day 
workers  in  paper  mill  have  secured  nine  hour  day 
without  strike.  Painters  have  secured  raise  of  25 
cents  per  day.  About  six  hundred  men  are  on 
strike  at  this  writing  to  enforce  the  eight  hour 
day  in  paper  mills. 

Rutland,— VhWii^}.  Halvosa: 

Organized  labor  in  general  doing  very  well 
throughout  this  district.  State  of  employment  has 
been  remarkably  good.  Electrical  workers  secured 
nine  hour  day  at  |2.50  minimum  wage,  with  allow- 
ance for  overtime,  where  they  formerly  worked  10 
hour  day  for  $2.10  and  no  pay  for  overtime.  This 
was  secured  after  a  l6  days*  strike.  Slate  workers 
are  out  for  the  nine  hour  day,  600  strong,  and  not 
one  man  has  broken  ranks.  The  bosses  have  re- 
sorted to  eviction  and  threaten  to  starve  men 
into  giving  up  union.  They  have  15  imported 
strike  breakers  at  work.  State  branch  is  taking 
steps  to  enforce  the  weekly  payment  law  which 
went  into  effect  June  first.  A  test  case  will  be 
taken  to  supreme  court  of  Vermont. 

White  River  Junction.— E.  D.  Biathrow: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress.  Better 
conditions  are  being  secured  by  the  union  men, 
while  the  unorganized  workers  have  to  take  what 
is  left  and  work  long  hours.  Every  man  here  is 
steadily  employed.  The  demand  for  labor  can  not 
be  met.  The  weekly  pa3rment  law  has  taken  effect 
and  is  appreciated  by  merchants  as  well  as  the 
workingmen.  Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  at 
Concord,  N.  H.,  have  formed  union.  Several  trades 
in  Concord  and  other  places  are  organizing. 

VIRGINIA. 
Gi/ton  Forge,^],  E.  Welch: 
Employment  is    steady.    Machinists  are  thor- 
oughly organized  and  in  splendid  condition  as  ra-C 


S74 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


gards  membership  and  finances.  All  organized 
trades  steadily  improve  their  conditions.  We  de- 
mand the  union  labels  when  purchasing. 

Richmond. — James  Brown : 

Organized  labor  doing  well,  while  the  unorgan- 
ized have  to  accept  all  the  hardships  put  upon 
them.  Printers  are  still  on  strike.  We  demand  the 
union  labels  when  purchasing. 

WASHINGTON, 

Everett. — A.  R.  Gamer: 

Organized  trades  in  good  shape  with  the  excep- 
tion of  cooks  and  waiters,  but  we  expect  to  have 
them  in  good  standing  soon.  Shingle  weavers  se- 
cured 12)^  per  cent  increase  in  wages  throughout 
the  state  without  strike.  Union  labor  is  fighting 
against  the  importation  of  Jap  labor  in  competition 
with  white  workers.  Cement  workers  have  organ- 
ized. Clerks  are  organizing. 

SeattU.—T.  W.  Cottrill: 

Quite  a  number  of  the  unskilled  trades  other 
than  the  building  laborers  have  now  organized. 
Work  is  fairly  plentiful.  Organized  trades  getting 
good  conditions.  Cooks  and  waiters  are  demand- 
ing 4  six  day  week  with  fair  success.  A  building 
orainance  with  a  clause  for  the  protection  of  work- 
men is  about  to  be  passed.  Brass  polishers,  pole 
raisers,  and  electricians'  assistants  have  formed 


unions.  Laundry  workers  and  upholsterers  are 
likely  to  organize.  Central  labor  union  has  issued 
12,500  universal  working  cards  to  73  unions 
affiliated. 

VISCX>NSIN. 

Ashland.—VTB.Vik,  Gauthier:      • 

Condition  of  organized  labor  steadily  improving. 
Coal-yard  workers  secured  raise  of  2yi  cents  per 
hour  and  time  and  half  for  overtime.  Blast  tor- 
nace  workers  are  about  to  organize. 

Fon  du  Lac.-r-V^jfi.  Graessle: 

All  organized  trades  have  steady  employment. 
Cigarmakers  printers,  tailors,  and  brewery  unions 
in  good  shape.  Blacksmiths,  horseshoers,  and 
pressmen  in  fair  condition.  No  changes  since  last 
report.  Legislature  adopted  the  eight  hour  meas- 
ure for  telegraphers. 

Racine.— R.  M.  Walsh : 

Work  is  fairly  plentiful.  Trunk  worker^ in  one 
factory  obtained  eight  per  cent  increase  without 
strike.  At  Ives  the  Italians  working  in  stone- 
quarry  were  replaced  by  Slavs  on  June  first.  After 
working  12  hours  they  struck  for  $2  a  day,  an  in- 
crease of  25  cents.  In  42  hours  they  obtained 
their  demand.  The  state  federation  convention 
was  held  here  in  June. 


DOMINION   NOTES. 


CANADA* 

//ali/ax.—lTB  G.  Mason: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress.  The 
unions  are  adding  new  members  and  prospects  are 
bright.  Employment  fairly  steady.  As  result  of 
strike  two  organizations  secured  five  cents  per 
hour  increase  on  day  and  night  work.  Longshore- 
men have  organized.  Freight  handlers,  also,  have 
organized.  Several  other  trades  are  getting  ready 
to  organize. 

Afoosejaw.—Md.  Stephenson: 

The  lack  of  adequate  legislative  action,  or  provi- 
sion for  it,  undoubtedly  deprives  organized  toilers 
of  much  provincial  legislation.  Labor  has  not  yet 
asserted  any  special  identity  in  that  direction. 
This  year  the  unionists  are  more  appreciative  of 
the  benefits  obtained  by  organization  and  are  do- 
ing far  better  service  than  ever  before  in  canvass- 
ing non-unionists.  There  is  no  organized  opposi- 
tion to  the  movement  nor  do  the  individuals  ofiFer 


serious  criticisms.  There  is  no  doubt  that  the 
growing  popularity  of  unionism  will  recruit  new 
members  and  new  unions.  All  union  members  are 
fully  employed.  The  ruling  tendency  is,  that  the 
skilled  non-union  men  receive  little  or  no  more 
than  prevailing  wage  for  rough  and  ever-ready 
toil.  More  time  is  being  devoted  to  the  discussion 
of  the  union  labels  than  formerly.  Carpenters  of 
Regina  have  organized  with  52  members.  Retail 
clerks,  teamsters,  and  railway  laborers,  are  about 
to  organize.  Trades  and  labor  congress  of  Canada 
convenes  its  23d  annual  session  in  Wtnnepeg  in 
September.  We  have  two  labor  papers  doing  good 
work. 

PORTO  RICO. 

Arecibo. — Emilo  Fariza: 

Shoe  workers  of  Utuado  and  hod  carriers  and 
building  laborers  of  Arecibo  have  organized. 
Leather  workers,  laborers,  and  agricultural  work- 
ers are  likely  to  form  unions  shortly.  The  union 
labels  are  patronized. 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATION  1ST 


575 


British  Trade  Disputes  Act. 


AN  ACT  TO  PROVIDE  FOR  THE  WORKMEN  OF  TRADE  UNIONS  AND  TRADE  DISPUTES 
(6  Edw.  7.  Chapt.  47,  Dec.  21.  1906). 


Be  it  enacted  by  the  King's  most  Excellent 
Majesty,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of 
the  Lords  Spiritual  and  Temporal  and  Commons, 
in  this  present  Parliament  assembled,  and  by  the 
authority  of  the  same,  as  follows: 

1.  The  following  paragraph  shall  be  added  as  a 
new  paragraph  after  the  first  paragraph  of  section 
three  of  the  Conspiracy  and  Protection  of  Property 
Act,  1875: 

**An  act  done  in  pursuance  of  an  agreement  or 
combination  by  two  or  more  persons  shall,  if  done 
in  contemplation  or  furtherance  of  a  trade  dispute, 
not  be  actionable  unless  the  act,  if  done  without 
any  such  agreement  or  combination,  would  be 
actionable.'' 

2.  (1)  "It  shall  be  lawful  for  one  or  more  per- 
sons, acting  on  their  own  behalf  or  on  behalf  of  a 
trades  union  or  of  an  individual  employer  or  firm 
in  contemplation  or  furtherance  of  a  trade  dispute, 
to  attend  at  or  near  a  house  or  place  where  a  per- 
son resides  or  works  or  carries  on  business  or  hap- 
pens to  be,  if  they  so  attend  merely  for  the  pur- 
pose of  peacefully  obtaining  or  communicating 
information,  or  of  peacefully  persuading  any  per- 
son to  work  or  abstain  from  working. 

(2)  Section  seven  of  the  Conspiracy  and  Protec- 
tion of  Property  Act,  1875,  is  hereby  repealed  from 
"attending  at  or  near"  to  the  end  of  the  section. 

3.  "An  act  done  by  a  person  in  contemplation 
or  furtherance  of  a  trade  dispute  shall  not  be  ac- 
tionable on  the  ground  only  that  it  induces  some 
other  person  to  break  a  contract  of  employment 
or  that  it  is  an  interference  with  the  trade,  busi- 
ness, or  employment  of  some  other  person,  or  with 
the  right  of  some  other  person  to  dispose  of  his 
capital  or  his  labor  as  he  wills. 


4.  (1)  "An  action  against  a  trade  union, 
whether  of  workmen  or  masters,  or  against  any 
members  or  officials  thereof  on  behalf  of  themselves 
and  all  other  members  ot  the  trade  union  in  re- 
spect of  any  tortious  act  alleged  to  have  been  com- 
mitted by  or  on  behalf  of  the  trade  union,  shall 
not  be  entertained  by  any  court. 

(2)  "Nothing  in  this  section  shall  afiPect  the 
liability  of  the  trustees  of  a  trade  union  to  be  sued 
in  the  events  provided  for  by  the  Trade  Union  Act, 
1871,  section  nine,  except  in  respect  of  any  tortious 
act  committed  by  or  on  oehalf  of  the  union  in  con- 
templation or  in  furtherance  of  a  trade  dispute." 

5.  (1)  This  act  may  be  cited  as  the  Trade  Dis- 
putes Act,  1906,  and  the  Trade  Union  Acts,  1871 
and  1876,  and  this  act  may  be  cited  together  as  the 
Trade  Union  Acts,  1871  to  1906. 

(2)  In  this  act  the  expression  "trade  union" 
has  the  same  meaning  as  in  the  Trade  Union 
Acts,  1871  and  1876,  and  shall  include  any  com 
bination  as  therein  defined,  notwithstanding  that 
such  combination  may  be  the  branch  of  a  trade 
union. 

(3)  In  this  act,  and  in  the  Conspiracy  and  Pro- 
tection of  Property  Act,  1875,  the  expression 
"trade  dispute*'  means  any  dispute  between  em- 
ployers and  workmen,  or  between  workmen  and 
workmen,  which  is  connected  with  the  employ- 
ment or  non-employment,  or  the  terms  of  the  em- 
ployment, or  with  the  conditions  of  labor,  of  any 
person,  and  the  expression  "workmen"  means  all 
persons  employed  in  trade  or  industry,  whether  or 
not  in  the  employment  of  the  employer  with  whom 
a  trade  dispute  arises;  and,  in  section  three  of  the 
last-mentioned  act,  the  words  "between  employers 
and  workmen"  shall  be  repealed. 


THE  UNSATISFIED. 

They  keep  on  goin^,  they're  never  at  rest, 
They  won't  stop  doing  when  doing  their  best, 
They  can't  keep  still  and  they're  bound  to  go 
When  there's  something  ahead  that  they  do  not 

know; 
They're  not  content  and  they  will  not  be. 
And,  oh,  how  good  for  the  world  to  see 
The  great  unsatisfied  army  sweep 
Over  the  hills  where  the  sleepers  sleep 
Wresting  their  crown  from  the  hands  of  fate, 
Taking  the  fortresses  gate  by  gate, 
Marching  on  to  the  top  of  the  hill, 
The  golden  army  of  force  and  will! 


Digitized  by 


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American  Federationist. 

OrFIOIAIi  MOlVTHIiT  MAOAZINB 

DBTOTBD    TO   THB    INTEBB8T8    AND    VOIOINO    THK    DK- 

MAITDS  or  THB  TRADE  UNION  MOVKMSNT. 

PUBIilSHBD  BT 

THB  AMERICAN  FBDBRATION  OP  LABOR, 

— AT— 

423-418  a  Street  N.  W.  Washington,  D.  C. 

Ck>iTe8poDdent8  will  please  write  on  one  side  of  the 
paper  only,  and  address 

SAMUEii  Gk>MPEB&  Editor,  Washington,  D.  C. 
All  oommunleations  relating  to  finances  and  sabscrip- 
tions  should  be  addressed  to 

Pbank  Mobbison,  Secretary,  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  publisher  reserves  the  right  to  reject  or  revoke 
advertising  contracts  at  any  time. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  is  not  sponsor  for, 
nor  interested  in,  any  souvenir  publication  of  any  kind* 

Entered  at  Washington,  D.  C,  postofflce  as  second-class 
matter. 


SUBSCRIPTION: 


Per  Annum, 
Single  copy. 


$1.00. 
10  Cents. 


executive  Council,  A.  P.  of  L. 


1  Vke- President. 
mid  VlCf-freHldeut, 
I"  h  I  rd  V  iof  -  P  rettl  den  I* 


JOHN  MITi  IIJ  .  ■>...■ 
JAMLIS  U'CONNKLI 
MA^   MOriUlB.  Foirfth  Vice^Pn-wtdenl. 
DENIS  A,  HAYES,  l^'lflh  VJ<5P.t»rertirlenl. 
DANIEL  J,  KEEKl'l  .SixLb  Vlce-lVenldeut. 
Wrt^IJAM  l\  HtJBER.  Si^v^Dlb  Vke-PresldPQt. 
JOSEPH  h\  VALENTINE.  Eighth  %■  U^e-Prpuldent, 
JOHN  H.  LENNON,  Treasurer. 
FRANK  MOR RIJ^O N ,  Sm reUry , 


We  Don't  Patronize. 

When  application  is  made  by  an  International  union 
to  the  American  Fed^^ration  of  Labor  to  place  any  bnsl- 
ness  firm  npon  the  **  We  Don't  Patronize"  list  tbe  Inter- 
national is  required  to  make  a  full  statement  of  its 
grievance  against  such  company,  and  also  what  efforts 
have  been  made  to  adjust  the  Rame. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  either  through 
correspondence  or  by  duly  authorized  representatives 
seeks  an  Interview  with  such  firm  for  the  purpose  of 
ascertaining  the  company's  version  of  the  matter  in 
controversy. 

After  having  exhausted  In  this  way  every  effort  to 
amicably  adjust  the  matter,  the  application,  together 
with  a  full  history  of  the  entire  matter,  is  submitted  to 
the  Executive  Council  of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  for  sacb  action  as  it  may  deem  advisable.  If 
approved,  the  firm's  name  appears  on  the  "We  Don't 
Patronize*'  list  in  tbe  following  issue  of  the  Ambbioan 
Fbdbrationist. 

An  international  union  is  not  allowed  to  have  pub- 
lished the  names  of  more  than  three  firms  at  any  one 
time. 


Similar  course  is  followed  when  application  is  made 
by  a  local  union  directly  afiS Hated  with  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor.  Directly  affiliated  local  unions  are 
allowed  the  publication  of  but  one  firm  at  one  time. 

union  worklngmen  and  workiogwomen  and  sympa- 
thizers with  labor  have  refhsed  to  purchase  articles  pro 
duced  by  the  following  firms-Labor  papers  please  note 
changes  from  month  to  month  and  copy: 

Food  and  Kindbbd  Products. 

Bivad.-McKinney  Bread  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Gllgan.— Carl  Unman,  of  New  York  City;  Kerbs.  We^ 
theim  A  Bchlffer,  of  New  York  City ;  TheHenry 
George  and  Tom  Moore. 

Flour.-  Washburn-Crosby  MiUlng  Co.,  Minneapolis, 
Minn.;  Valley  City  MlUing  X}o..  drand  Rapidt, 
Mich. 

Groceries.— James  Butler,  New  York  City. 

Tobacco.— American  and  Continental  Tobacco  Com- 
panies. 

TFliisikey.— Finch  Distilling  Company,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

Clothing. 
Clotbiog.—S.   Snellenberg    A    Co.,    Philadelphia,    Pa,; 

Clothiers'  Exchange.  Rochester,  N.  Y.:  B.  Kuppen- 

helmer  A  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 
(^orsete.— Chicago  Corset  Company,  manufacturers  Kabo 

and  La  Marguerite  Corsets. 
Gloves.— J.  H.  Cownie  Glove  Co.,  Des  Moines,  Iowa;  C*ll- 

fornia  Glove  Co.,  Napa,  Cal. 
Hata.—J.  B.  Stetson  Company,  Philadelphia.  Pa.;  E.  M. 

Knox  Company.  Brooklyn.  N.  Y.;  Henry  H.  Roeluf 

A  Co.,  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
Sbirta  and  (o//a/v.— United  Shirt  and  Collar  Company. 

Troy,  N.  Y.;  Van  Zandt,  Jac  .bs  A  Co.,  Troy,  nTy  ; 

Cluett.  Peabody  &  Co.,  Troy.  N.Y.;  James  R.  Kaiser, 

New  York  City. 

Printing  and  Publications. 

Booftbiade/v.— Boorum  &  Pease  Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Print/or.— Hudson.  Kimberley  A  Co.,  printers,  of  Kanms 
City,  Mo.;  W.  B.  Coukey  A  Co..  publlKbers.  Ham- 
mond. Ind.;  Times,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.;  Philadelphls 
Inquirer;  Philadelphia  Bulletin. 

Pottery.  Glass,  Stone,  and  Cement. 

Pottery  and  Brick.— Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co^of 
Chicago,  111.;  Corning  Brick,  Tile  and  Terra  CotU 
Company.  Corning,  N.  Y. 

Gsmeat.— Portland  Peninsular  Cement  Company,  Jack- 
son, Mich.;  Utlca  Hydraulic  Cement  and  Utica 
Cement  Mfg.  Co.,  Utica,  III. 

Machineby  and  BcriLDiNO. 
G^oerai  Hardware.— Landers,  Frarv  A  Clark,  MtaB.  Oom- 

8 any,  New  Britain,  Conn.;  Brown  &  Sharpe  Tool 
ompany,  Providence,  R.  I.;  Jobn  Russell  Cutlery 
Company,  Turner's  Falls,  Mass.:  Henry  Disston  k 
Co..  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  New  York  Knife  Company, 
Walden.  N.  Y. 

Iron  and  ^tee/.— Illinois  Iron  and  Bolt  Company  of  Car 
pentersville.  III.;  Casey  A  Hedges.  Chattanooca, 
Tenn.;  Lincoln  Iron  Works  (F.  R.  Patch  Manu»c- 
turlng  Company),  Rutland,  VU;  Erie  City  iron 
Works.  Erie,  Pa.;  Singer  Sewing  Machine  Co.,  Elisa- 
beth. N.  J.;  Pittsburg  Expanded  Metal  Co.,  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.;  American  Hoist  and  Derrick  Co.,  St. 
Paul,  Minn.;  Standard  Sewing  Machine  Company, 
Cleveland,  Ohio;  Manitowoc  Dry  Dock  Company, 
Manitowoc,  Wis. 

fitovas.— Wroughtlron  Range  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  United 
States  Heater  Company,  Detroit,  Mich.;  Qumey 
Foundry  Company,  Toronto,  Ont.;  Home  Stove 
Works,  Indianapolis,  Ind.;  Bucks  Stove  and  Range 
Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Wood  and  FtntNiTUBE. 

Baff.— Gulf  Bag  Company,  New  Orleans.  La.,  branch 
Bemis  Brothers,  St.  Louis.  Mo. 

Broome  and  DuBtera,—The  Lee  Broom  and  Duster  Com- 
pany, of  Davenport,  Iowa;  M.  Goeller's  Born,  Clr- 
clevlUe,  Ohio;  Merkle-^lley^iio^iiv  Pq^,  Pftrti.  Hi. 


(676) 


ille,  Ohio;  Merkie-Wlley^roontv  Pck, 
Digitized  by  v300QtC 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


$77 


Fibn  iTacv —loda rated  Plbre  Ware;OompaQy,|Look- 
poit«  N.  Y.  -^  ^SS 

Fteraltof*.— A^merioan  Btlttard  Table  Ck>mpaiiy.  Clnoln- 
natl.  Ohio;  O.  W^lsner  Piano  Company,  BroolLlyn, 
N.  Y.;  Kretl  Piano  Company,  Clnolnnatl,  Ohio; 
Derby  Desk  Co.,  Boeton,  Mass. 

Gold  0Mtof«.-Ha8tlngs  and  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  J.  J. 
Keeley,  New  York  City;  P.  W.  Rauskolb,  Boston, 
Maas. 

Lmafter.— Heinle  Brot.  &  Holomon,  Baltimore,  Md.;  St. 
Paal  and  Taooma  Lumber  Company,  Taooma, 
Wa<ih.;  Oray'e  Harbor  Commercial  Co.,  CosmopoliB, 
Wash. 

L«alitor.— Leroh  Bros.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Paper.— R^mlnrton-Martln  Paper  Co.,  Norfolk,  N.  Y. 
(Raymoad  Paper  Co.,  Raymondsvllle,  N.  Y,;  J.L. 
Krost  Paper  Co.,  Norwood,  N.  Y.);  Potter  Wall 
Paper  Co.,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 

»r*//Paptfr.- William  Bailey  A  3on8,:cieveiand,  Ohio.  - 

WAteb09,—KeyBtjbne  Watoh  Cane  Company,  of  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.;  Jos.  Pahy .  Brooklyn  watch  Case  Com- 
pany, Saf  Harbor:  T.  Znrbrugg  Watoh  Case  Com- 
pany, Riverside,  N.  J. 

mnCloth.^Tho^.  B.  Glee«on,  Bast  Newark,  N.  J.;  Llnd 
say  Wire  Weaving  Co  .  Colllngwood,  Ohio. 

MlSOBLLANEOUS. 

Bill  Postors.— Bryan  A  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio.;  A.  Van 
Buren  Co.,  and  New  York  Bill  Posting  Co.,  New 
York  City. 

Hot-ii.— Reddlngton  Hotel,  Wllkesbarre,  Pa. 

Ra/liravs.— Atchison,  Topeka,  and  Santa  Pe  Railroad 
Missouri,  Kansas  and  Texas  Railway  Company. 

TViflfraplir.— Western  Union  Telegraph  ^mpuiy  and 
lU  Messenger  Service. 

D.  M.  Parry,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Thomas  Taylor  A  Son,  Hudson,  Mass. 
C.  W.  Post.  Mannflsoturer  of  Grape  Nuts  and  Postnm 
Cereal,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 


STATE  OF  EMPLOYMENT,  JUNE,  1907, 
Compiled  by  the  Editor  of  the  American  Federationlst. 

or  the  1,026  unions  making  returns  for  June,  1907,  with 
an  aggregate  membership  of  81^600.  there  were  .2  of  one 
per  cent  without  employment.  In  the  preceding  month 
disunions,  with  a  membership  of  74,800,  reported  1.7 
per  cent  unemployed. 


^Mt^fk^.ffyJinJi^Ai9SfOci/txOK 

T    — ^  ,.-. 

6        C 

5     A 

^                        L_                                                                                       i 

3                 j\           ■                                                   i  L                       / 

1^^%^^     zt  t 

,     jtsy/---  %/ 

'      ^r^        -^^ 

Chart  showing  the  reported  percentage  of  anem- 
ployed  members  of  trade  anions  at  the  olose  of  eaoh 
moath,  oommencing  January,  1906. 

The  heavy  line  Indicates  the  per  cent  for  1907;  the 
light  line  for  1906. 


.1*.  u«»i«kuw  vu  unuu  MUUV    t|  AWVf .»». 

Tennesxee  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  f,  m,  a,  m, 

Tuck  poin ten  10884,  ta^ 

LAborers  prot  12469,  tax,  may,  |i.60;  d  f,  92.50 

United  garment  workers  of  A.  tax,  may 

Kederallabor  12875,  tax,  a,  m,  liO;  d  f,9iO 

Pederal  labor  8281,  tax,  may,  $1.60:  d  f,  $1.60 

Pederal  labor  l()9d4.  tax,  apr,  90c;  d  f,  90c 

Pederal  labor  12495,  sup  

Mineral  water  bottlers  11317,  sup 

Pederal  labor  12358,  sup «. 

Pederal  labor  12448.  tax,  J  une,  $1.10;  d  f,  $1.10; 

sup,|i  25 « 

Tar,  felt,  and  waterproof  makiers  7665,  sup... 
Water  workers  empl  12M)tf,  tax,  a,  m,  $10.40; 

d  f,$l0  40 ..„ 

Central  labor  union,  South  bridge.  Mass,  tax, 

d,  '06.  J,  r,  $2.60;  sup,  $1 «. 

Pederal  labor  11098,  tax,  may.  H5c;  d  f,  8Sc 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Lanslog,  Mich, 

Ux,  J,  a,  8. 1906 «. 

8.'  Conn  state  fed  of  labor,  ta:^.may,  '06,  to  and 

inclapr, '07 .« 

Trades  and   labor  assem,   Carlinvllle,  111, 

tax,  f,  m,  a,m,  J,|,  '07 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Pargo,  N  D,  tax, 

a,  m,  J.  '07 

Central  labor  council,  Pranklln,  Pa,  tax,  J. 

f,  m, '07 -... 

Trades    and    labor    council,   Kalamazoo, 

Mich,  tax.  f,  m,a,  *07 «.. » 

Twin  City  labor  congress.  Sterling  and  Rook 

Palls,  III,  tax,  J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J,  '07 

Central  labor  union,   Posey  County,  Ind, 

tax,  t  m,  a,  '07 ^.«. ^ « 

Laborers  prot  12506,  sup 

Pederal  labor  9757.  sup « 

Central  trades  council,  Prankford,  Ind,  sup 

Tradesand  labor  assem.  Canton,  111,  sup 

Peberal  labor  10535,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  $8.30;  d  f. 

$8J0 «„ 

Pederal  labor  10419,  tax,  a,m,J,  't7,  $1.06; 

d  f,  $1.06 ! ...r 1 

Pederal  labor  8068,  tax,  a,  m, '07,  $2.60,  d  f, 

$2.60 ! 

Pederal  labor  9068,  tax.  m,  J,  '07, 70c;  d  f,  70o.. 
Pederal  labor  11871,  tax,  may,  $1.25;  d  f,  $1.25 
Pederal  labor  11460,  tax,  may,  $1.50;  d  f.  $1.60 

Hair  spinners  10899,  tax,  may,  76o;  d  f,  75o 

Stable  workers  10018,  tax,  apr,  $3;  d  f,$3 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12349,  tax, 

may,$1.50;d  f,  $1.60 

Clay  miners  and  laborers8608,  tax,  a,  m,  J, 

'07,  tax,  $6;  d  f,  $6 

Soft  beer  bottlers  and  peddlers  8984,  tax, 

may,  75c;d  f,  75c 

Pile  drivers  0601,  tax,  a,  m.  $4.10;  d  f,  $4.10 


Assorters  and  packers  8816,  tax,  June,  $6.50; 

df,$5.60 ., 

Sewer  workers  12281,  tax,  apr,  $1.25;  d  f,$1.25 
Marble,  mosaic,  and  terrazsa  workers  10268, 

tax.  a,  m,  J,  '07.  $8.76;  d  f,  $8.75 

Pederal  labor  9435,  tax,  June,  $1.20;  d  f,  $1.20; 

sup,  60c 

Pederal  labor  12490,  sup 

Arkansas  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  oct,  '06,  to 

and  incl  sept,  '07,  $10;  sup,  50o 10  50 


11  oe 
250 


750 


2  90 
2  60 


IntI  pavers  rammermen,  sqp 

Pederal  labor  12500,  sup » 

Utah  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  Jan,  '07,  to  and 

incl  dec,  '07 

4.  Pederated  trades  assem,  Portland,  Ore,  tax, 

feb,  '07,  to  and  Incl  Jan  'OH 

Trades  council,  Austin,  Tex,  tax,  f,  m,  a,  m. 

Central  labor  union,  Mlddietown,  N  Y,  tax, 

f,  m,  a 

Pederal  labor  8162,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  $1.60;  d  f, 

$1.50 

Pederal  labor  10746,  tax,  apr,  $2.20;  d  U  $2.20.. 

Pederal  labor  11071,  tax,  apr.  55c;  d  f,  65c 

Pederal  labor  12408,  tax.  may,  $9.26;  d   f, 

$9.25 

Rock  drillers  and  tool  sharpeners  12S66,  tax, 

may.$3  26:  d  f,$8.25 

Park  employen  prot  asso  11820,  tax,  m,  a, 

$2.90;  d  f,«.90 

HosDital  employes  asso  10641, 

^  ^'  •^•" -gilized-br 


600 
10  00 

10  00 

10  00 

600 

260 

800 
4  40 
1  10 

18  60 

660 

680 


;e^b;K)o^e 


578 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


TVEOLD  RELIABLE 

fum 


\i» 


Wh<s 


AbsolufebrPura 
HAS  HO  SUBSTITUTE 


4.  Oil  and  ga8  well  workers  1%09,  sup S5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Biddeford  and  Baoo, 

Me.sup ^ 1  10 

Federal  labor  12460,  tax,  may,  S1.40;  d  f,  91.40; 

sup,  IL ^ 8  80 

Rubber  workers  12480,  sup 8  50 

Federal  labor  10651,  tax,  a,  m.  J,  $10.60;  d  f, 

81060;  snp.llO 81  00 

Shipkeepers  prot  8970,  ta^,  m,  a,  m,  18.80; 

d  f.  $8.80;  sup,  $1.25 7  86 

Carwheel  molders  and  helpers  10710,  tax, 

June.  95c;  d  f.  95c;  sup.  60c 2  60 

6.  Central  trades   and  labor  assem,  Belmont 

CO.  Ohio,  tax,  J,  f,  m,  a»  m.J 6  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  union,  8t  Louis, 

Mo,  tax,  f,  m,  a,  m,J,  J 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Tnompsonville,  Conn, 

tax,  J,  f,  m 2  60 

Federated  trades  council,  Waukesha,  Wis, 

tax,  f,  m,a 2  60 

Central  labor  union.  North  Adams,  Mass, 

Ux.  J,  f,.m 2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Portland,  Me,  tax,  f, 

m,  a. '. 2  60 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Pekin,  111,  tax,  f, 

m.  a,  m,  J.J 6  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  assem,  Sparta,  111, 

tax,  d,  '06,  J,  f,  m,  a,  m 6  00 

Central  labor  council,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  tax, 

feb,  »07.  to  and  incl  Jan,  »08 10  00 

Indiana  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  nov,  *06,  to 

and  incl  oct,  '07 10  00 

Machinists  and  crane  helpers  12286,  tax,  a, 

m,  J,  J,  a,  $8;  d  f,  $8. 6  00 

Moving  picture  machine  operators   12870, 

tax,  may,  $1;  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Federal  labor  10279,  tax,  may.  $2.45;  d  f,  $2.45  4  90 

Federal  labor  9870,  Ux.  a,  m, J, $1.05;  d  f.  $1.06  2  10 

Fibre  pressmen 9881,  tax. June, $1.86;  d  f,$1.86  8  70 

Curbstone  cutters  and  setters 8378,  tax,  a,  m, 

J,  $1.60:  d  f,  $1.60 8  00 

United  bro  of  carpenters  and  Joiners  of  A, 

tax.apr 967  60 

Intl  asso  of  car  workers,  tax,  a.  m 60  00 

Egg  inspectors  11251,  tax,  may,  $15;  d  f,  $16...        80  00 


6.  Intlunionofslate  workers,  tax,  may $15  50 

Firemens  asso  12270,  tax,  may,  $6;  d  f,  $5 10  00 

Park  employes  prot  12044,  tax,  a,  m,  $1.70; 

d  f,  $1.7(). 8  40 

Badge  and   lodge  paraphernalia   makers, 

9186,  tax,  may,  60c;  d  f,  50c 1  00 

Sodaand  mineral  water  bottlers  and  work- 
ers, 8514,  tax,  a,  m,$4.56;  d  f,  $4.55;  sup,  25c..  9  SS 
Lamplighters  12464,  tax,  may,  $19.80;   d  f, 

$19.80;  sup,  $2.40 42  00 

Amal  meat  cutters  and  butcher  workmen 

of  A,  sup 10  go 

Federal  labor  11484,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  $8.06;  d  f, 

$8.05;  sup,  $1 7  10 

Federal  labor  12825,  sup 2  00 

Oypsum  miners  12486,  sup 8  00 

Moccasin  and   moccasin  slipper  workers 

12288,  sup .!.r?. „  tt 

6.  Trades  assem,  Fostorla,  Ohio,  tax,  J,  f,  m, 

a,  m,  J. 5  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  council,  CapeQirai^ 

deau,  Mo,  tax,  J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J 5  00 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Lowell,  Mass,  tax, 

f.  m,  a. ; ;. !         2  60 

Central  trades  and  labor  assem,  Spring- 
field, Mo,  tax,  f,  m,  a 8  50 

Central   trades  and  labor  assem,  Tampa, 

Fla.  tax,  J.  f,  m.a,  m,  J !         6  00 

Federal  labor  12060,  tax,  apr.  76c;  d  f,  76c 1  fiO 

Federal  labor  91^ Ux,  a,  m,  J,  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.60  S  00 
Journeymen  barbers  intl  union  of  A,  tax, 

f,  m 28979 

MeUl  polishers,  bufflBrs,  platers,  brass  work- 
ers intl  union  of  N  A.  tax.  a,  m 100  00 

Federal  labor  12018,  Ux,  June,  $1.60;  d   f, 

$1.50 !... L :         8  00 

Federal  labor  12862,  tax,  apr,  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.60  8  00 
Federal  labor  8067,  Ux,  f;  m,a.  m,  J,  $8.75; 

d  f.  $8.76. :.....!. 7  60 

Federal  labor  8279,  Ux,  a,  m,  $2.60;  d  f,  $2.50         5  00 

Sewer  diggers  8662,  Ux,  may,  $8;  d  f,  $8 0  00 

American  society  of  plate  engravers  9006, 

ux,  June,  95o;  d  f,  95c 1  90 

Horse-nail  makers  7180,  Ux,  June,  $5.26;  d  f, 

$5.25 J.        10  60 

Hat  dyers  and  helpers  12245,  Ux,  may,  $1.60; 

d  f.  $1.60 ^. r. 8  ao 

Trades  assem,  Decatur,  111,  tax,  J,  f,  m,  $2.60; 

sup,  6c 2  55 

Macninlsts  helpers  and  laborers  12298,  Ux, 

may,  $4.10;  d  f,  $1.10;  sup,  $5.60 18  70 

Clay  workers  12461,  sup. 2  00 

Suspender  workers  122B2,  sup 8  75 

Mineral  knd  soda  water  bottlers  9276,  Ux, 

June, 60c;  d  f,  60c;  sup,  $1.85 2  86 

Artesian  well  drillers  and  levermen  10844, 

Ux.  June,  $1;  d  f.  $1;  sup,  $1 8  00 

Mosaic  workers  12510,  sup 10  00 

Central  labor  union,  Macon,  Ghi,  sup 5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Macon,  Oa,  Ux,  J,  a,s...         2  60 

7.  Trades  and  labor  assem,  Oelwein,   Iowa, 

Ux,  June ..« 81 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Muscatine,  Iowa, 

Ux.  U  m.  a,  m,  J,  J, 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  MeadviUe,  Pa,  tax,  d, 

*06.J,  f,  m,a,  m 5  00 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Sandy  Hill,  N  Y, 

Ux,  f,  m,  a,  m,  ),J 6  00 

Trades  and   labor  assem,  Sbawnee,  Okla, 

Ux,  f,  m,  a 2  60 

Central  labor  unipn,  Peru,  Ind,  Ux,  d,  "06, 

J,  t.  m,  a.  m 6  00 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Memphis,  Tenn, 

Ux,  feb.  *07.  to  and  incl  Jan,  '06.......^ 10  00 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Kokomo,  Ind, 

Ux.  n,  d  '06,  J,  f.  m,  a. 6  00 

Central  labor  union  Conneaut,  Ohio,  tax, 

J,  f,  m 2  60 

United  powder  and  high  explosive  workers 

of  A,  Ux,  J,  f,  m,  a. 9  20 

Federal  labor  10807,  Ux.  apr,  $1:  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Federal  labor  11519,  Ux,  a,  m,  $8.40;  d  f,  $8.40  i  80 
Federal  labor  10616,  Ux,  a,  m,  $5.60;  d  l  $6.60  U  00 
Railroad  transfer  messengers  and  clerks 

11689,  Ux,  June,  $1.20;  d  C$1.20 2  40 

Base  ball  makers  10929,  Ux,  may,  $6o;  d  f, 

650 ! :... :         1  80 

Cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  10227,  tax, 

may,$1.60;  d  f,  $1.60 „..         8  00 

Brtdge  tenders  12883,  Ux,   may,  $8^  d  (, 

$8.» 7  00 

Horse-nail  makers  9666,  Ux,  June,  $2.76;  d  f, 

$2.76 «.         6  60 

Horse-nail  makers  p  and  b  61^  lax,  may, 

$6.25;  d  f,  $6.25.^Hti2ed.by)v^Om ^f..      •  W  60 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


579 


SAMUEL  SWAN.  Prest.  W.  D.  LENT,  Yice-Prest. 

CHAS.  F.  TOWNER,  Scc»y  and  Trcis. 

THE 

David  B*  Crockett  Compaoy 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

riNC  VARNISH  SPECIALTIES 

WE  are  the  origi- 
nal and  only 
makers  In  the  world 
of  Genuine  Spar 
Composition,  and 
Nos.  1  and  2  Pre- 
senrative.  These 
Coods  we  have 
manufactured  al- 
most thirty  years, 
by  a  process  exdu- 
slTeiyourown,  and  after  a  formula  which  is  an  absolute 
secret  linown  only  to  this  company.  As  a  result  we  have  the 
best  materials  ever  used  as  Varnishes.  We  warrant  and  will 
defend  them  afainst  all  comers. 

OF  LATC  YCAR8.  HOWCVCR, 

others  have  Uken  advantace  of  the  popularity  of  our  foods 
to  brinf  out  numerous  imitations  which  are  offered  under 
the  same  or  similar  names. 

Iroitf  All  smA  as  they  art  not  in  ta«  um9  eUma  with  our  Gen- 
uine Spar  Composition  and  Nos.  1  and  2  Preservative  in  any 
respect— and  in  all  probability  will  crack,  soften,  discolor, 
stick,  peel,  or  otherwise  ruin  interior  or  exterior  finish. 

Please  send  to  us  freely  for  copies  of  our  Architectural 
Haad-Book,  Sample  Boards,  or  samples  of  our  foods. 

If  local  dealers  can  not  supply  you,  send  direct  to^ 

THE   DAVID   B.  CROCKETT  COMPANY, 
Brldc«port,  Conn.,  U.  8.  A. 


LaAtmakers  9269.  tax,  a,  m,  J,  11.20;  d  t,  $1.20        $2  40 

AMorters  and  packers  8S16,  sup 6  00 

Railroad  helpers    and  laborers  12487,  tax, 

June,  98.10;  d  f,  98.10;  sap,  6o «  25 

Pole  raisers  and  electrical  assistants  12491, 

lax,  Jane,  98;  d  f,  9i:  sup,  98 , 9  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  council,  Kingston, 

N  Y,  sup 60 

United  garment  workers  of  A,  sup 2  75 

Federal  labor  8189,  tax,  may,  98;  a  f,  98,  sup, 

76c - 6  76 

Federal  labor  88n6,  tax.  June,  92.50;  d  f,  92.60  5  00 
Flat  Janitors  12861.  tax,  may,  91.76;  d  f,  91.76; 

sup,  91.25 4  76 

Central  labor  council,  Portsmouth  and  vie, 

Ohio,  tax,  m,  a,  m — 2  60 

Central  labor  council,  Loe  Angeles,  Cal,  tax, 

f,  m,  a 2  60 

United  laborcongress  of  Ma  honing  CO,  Ohio, 

tax,  f,  m.  a 2  60 

Central  lal>or  union,  Manchester,  N  H,  tax, 

f;m,  a.  m,  J.J 5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Lancaster  and  vio.  Pa, 

tax,  dec.  »U6.  J.  f,  m,  a,  m 5  00 

Intl  bro  of  bookbinders,  tax,  o,  n,  d,  '06,  J,  f, 

m,  a,  m,  J .*. 400  60 

Bbode  Island  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  d,  '06, 

J,  f.m,a,m 5  00 

Coopers  intl  union  of  N  A,  tax,  a,  m 68  20 

Trades  council,  Enid,  Okla,  sup 5  00 

Steel  and  copper  plate  engravers  league 

12511.  sup.. ..:. 6  00 

Flat  Janitors  12612,  sup 10  00 

Flat  Janitors  12612,  tax,  July,  76o;  d  f.  76c; 

sap,76o 2  25 

Federal  labor  11879,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  91.60;  d  f, 

91.60 !  8  20 

Federal  labor  8288,  tax.  a.  m.  9'5:  d  f,  96 10  00 

Federal  labor  12444.  tax,  may,  912.85;  d  f.  912.86  24  70 
Federal  labor  12S(t2,  tax,  may.  92.6' ;  d  f,  92.60         5  00 

Federal  labor  7241,  tax,  June,  85c;  d  f,  86c 1  70 

Federal  labor  7204,  tax,  may.  60c;  d  f,  60c 1  20 

Interlocking  switch  and  signalmen   1786, 

tax,  may.^.26;  d  f.  98.26 6  60 

Paper  handlers  11284,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  97.60;  d  f, 

tfh « ?....... !        16  00 

Stable  employes  12882,  tax,  may,  91;  d  f,  91....         2  00 


A    KENTUCKY 
W  H  I  S   K  i&  Y 

OLD  CHARTER 

For  33  years  the  highest 
quality  made  in  Kentucky 

WILL  STAND  ANY 
PURE  FOOD  TEST 

WRIGHT  &  TAYLOR 

Reg.  Distillery  No.  266 

Louisville    -    -    Kentuclty 


8.  Mineral  water  bottlers  11829.  tax,  a,  m,  91.20; 

d  f,  91.20. 

Oas  wdrkers  12461.  tax,  June,  98;  d  f,  98 

Laborers  prot  12480,  snp. 

Icemens  prot  9264.  sup 

Federal  labor  12428,  tax,  may,  66c;  d  f,  66c; 

sup,  &0c 

Federal  labor  8720,  tax,  may,  91.85;  d  f,  91.86; 

sup,  76c 

Decorators,  oostumers,  and  badgemakers 

11656,  sup 

Florists  and  gardeners  10726,  sup 

Cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  11989,  sup 

Federal  labor  12448,  sup 

10.  Trades  and  labor  assem,  Charleston,  S  C, 

tax,  f,  m.  a 

Federation  of  labor.  Hprlngfleld,  111,  tax,  f, 

m,  a,  m,J,J «.. 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Des  Moines,  Iowa, 

tax,  n,  d. '06,J,  f;  ra,  a 

Central  labor  union,  Lyndonvllle,  Vt,  sup.. 
Wire  and  cable  workers  (female)  12618,  sup.. 

Furniture  packers  prot  10899.  sup 

Central  trad«s  council,  Pittsburg,  Pa,  tax,  f, 

m,  a. 

Central  trades  council,  Pittsburg,  Pa,  tax, 

m.J.J 

Central  federation  of  labor,  Albany,  N  Y, 

tax,  f,  m,  a 

Central  labor  union,  Newburyport,  Mass, 

tax,J,r,  m,a,  m.J 

Central  labor  union,  Arecibo,  P  R,  tax,  bal 

J,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d,  *06,  J,  '07 „.. 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Ionia,  Mich,  tax. 


n,  d,  '06.  J,  f,  m,  a . 
Antral  labor 
f,  m.. 


union,  Trenton,  N  J,  tax,  J, 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Ottawa,  Ili,  tax,  f, 

m,  a,  m,  J,J 

Central  labor  union,  Worcester,  Mass,  tax, 

f,  m,  a,  m,  J.J 

Central  labor  union,  Stamford,  Conn,  tax, 

f,  m,  a.  m,  J,  J 

Central  labor  union.  Ponce,  P  R,  tax,  sept, 

•»06,  to  and  Incl  feb,  '07 

Colorado  state  federation  of  labor,  tai^  n. 

'08,  J,  f,  m.  a gitized-b7' 


92  40 

12  00 

680 

60 

160 

8  46 

800 
1  00 
800 
1  26 

260 

600 

600 
10  00 
10  00 

600 

260 
260 
260 
600 
660 
600 
260 
600 
600 
600 
16  00 


580 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


M 

cC  R  E  E  R  Y 

AND 

COMPANY 

D  R 

Y    GOODS 

Wood  Street  at  Sixth  Avenue 

Pittsburgh^  Pa. 

10.  Bro  of  painters,  decorators,  and  paperhang- 

ersor  A,  tax,  may 

Wood.wlre,andmetanftthor:=i  Iritljfiir,  ,1^^^l^ 
IntlphotoengraverB(»^  N  A^  tjii.  Ei,  m 

Federal  labor  12368,  ta?t,  npr,  50c;  d  r  5Dc.  

Federal  labor  11988,  tax.  tni^v.  1^.50;  d  r,  rJ.fiO 
Federal  labor  1H26,  Ux,  a,  m,  IL^;  d  r,  11.60 
Federal  labor  11866,  taJE  Jucie,  «L2ii;  d  t  fL-m 
Federal  labor  8584,  tax,  itmy,  |1.0&:  d  f,  f  I.O1&  . 
Federal  labor  11428,  tav.  1  uuc,  VI  50^  d  Ml.GO 
Federal  labor  8060,  tax  Juuc^.  t:i.75;  4  f,  9SJ& 
Federal  labor  12424,  tai^,  n,  m.  tLi&i  at,  91.45 
Railroad  helpers  and    lulKtr«?n^   r^r^^,  tnx« 

may,  91;  d  fr91 

tiaspender  workers  12282,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  91.20; 

df,  91.20 

Spring  and  pocket-knife  makers  12272,  tax, 

may,  91*95;  d  f,  91.96 

Plumbers  laborers  and  sewer  pipe  layers 

9926,  tax,  a, m, 91.60;  d  f.9l.60 

Milkers  8861,  tox,  may,  97.60;  d  f,r.60 

Metermaken  prot  11260,  tax,  m,  a,  916;  d  f, 

916. 

United  pearl  workers  12472,  tax,  may,  918.70; 

d  f,  918.70 ! 

Janitors  prot  10867,  tax,  apr,  92.60;  d  f,  92.50.. 
Agricultural  workers  118tf7,  tax,  a,  m,  92.60; 

df,  92.50 

Bed-spring    makers   prot  12103,  tax,  may, 

98.76;  d  (793.76 ..„ 

Telephone  operaiors  11498,  tax,  June,  60c;  d  f« 

60c 

Bridge  tenders  12888.  Ux,  June,  98.60;  d  f, 

Portera  laibw'/tax.may.'Vl*^^^^^ 

Fur  hat  feeders  and   weighers  12260,  tax, 

may,  98.60;  d  f,  98,60 

Paper  bag  workers  11767,  tax,  June,  6O0;  d  f. 

Sewer  cleaners  and  repairers  10686,  tax,'apr^ 
95;  d  f,96 \.. ....: 

fiorse-nail  makers  7180,  sup 

Intl  bro  of  papermakers  of  A,  sup 

Machinists  helpers  and  handymen  12492, 
sup 

Punch  press  operators  12378,  tax,  may,  91.50; 
d  f,  91.50;  sup,  91 

Suspendermakers  9560,  sup 

Poultry  and  game  dressers  prot  12477,  tax, 
June, 75c;  df, 75c;  sup, 91 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Peekskill,  N  Y, 

sup 

11.  Trades  and  labor  council,  Livingston,  Mont, 
tax,  f,  m,  a 

Central  trades  and  labor  council.  Provi- 
dence, R  I,  tax,  nov,  '06,  to  and  Inol  oct,  '07 

Trades  council,  Greensboro,  N  C,  tax,  d,  '06, 
J,  f,  m,  a,  m 

Trades  and  labor  assero,  Bloomlngton,  III, 
tax,  J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J 

Richmond  Boro  central  trades  and  labor 
council,  8taten  Island,  N  Y,  tax,  J,  f,  m,  a, 
m,  J 

Machinists  helpers  12307,  tax,  June,  95c;  d  t, 
95c. 

Federal  labor  12614,  sup 

Newsboys  prot  asso  10962,  tax,  J,  f,  m 


9320  21 
20  00 
28  52 
100 
600 
800 
260 
2  10 
800 
760 
890 

200 

240 

890 

800 
16  00 

80  00 

27  40 
500 

600 

760 

120 

700 
800 

700 

1  20 

10  00 
10  00 
226 

188 

400 
16  00 

260 

100 

250 

10  00 

600 

600 

500 

190 
10  00 
280 

11.  Central  labor  council,  San  Joaquin  00,  Cal, 

tax,  nov,  '06,  to  and  incl  July,  w 97  50 

Federal  labor  12416,  tax,  may,  9120;  d  f,  91.20  2  40 
Federal  labor  12821,  tax,  may,  70o;  d  f,  70c....  1  40 
Union  obrera  federada  119SA,  tax,  apr,  97.60; 

d  f,  r.60 « 15  00 

Printers  roller  makefs  10688,  tax,  June,  91.26; 

d  f.  91.26 a  50 

Nail  mill  employes  9987,  tax,  June,  91.75;  d  t, 

91.75 S66 

Ship  machinery  and  derrick  riggers  10815, 

tax,  June,  92.70;  d  f,  92.70 6  40 

Hospital  employees  prot  10768,  tax,  m,  J, 

91%;  d  f.  91.70.... .r. !^...z:...:.     s  40 

12.  Tri-city  labor  congress.  Clinton  and  Lyons, 

Iowa,  and  Fulton,  111,  tax.  J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J..  6  00 
Central  trades  oouncil,  Marion,  Ind,  tax,  J, 

f,  m,  a,  m,  J ,^ 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Wilkes  Barre,  Pa,  tax, 

feb,  '07.  to  and  Incl  Jan,  '08 10  00 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Tucson,  Aris,  tax, 

f,  m,  a.  m,  J,  J 5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Portsmouth,  N  H,  tax, 

mar,  '07,  to  and  incl  feb,  '06. li  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  assem,  Corinth, 

N  Y,  tax,  f,  m,  a,  m.  J,J fi  00 

Thurber  trades  council,  Thurber,  Tex,  tax, 

f,  m,  a,  m,  J,J 6  00 

Vermont  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a, 

s,  o 5  8* 

Central  trades  and  labor  council,  Rutland, 

Vt.  tax,  J.  f.  m,  a,  m,  J. 5  00 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Lansing,  Mich, 

tax,  o,  n,  d,  '06 1  80 

Central  labor  union,  Terre  Haute,  Ind,  tax, 

d,  '06,  J.  f 1  to 

Laborers  prot  9528,  tax,  a,  m,  91.20;  d  f,  91.20..  S  40 
Laborers  prot  8219,  tax,  a.  m,  J,  91.50;  d  f,  94.60        9  00 

InU  glove  workers  union  of  A,  tax,  June 4  2S 

Intl  union  of  elevator  constructors,  tax, 

may 11  54 

Federal  labor  11449,  tax,  apr,  75c;  d  f,  75c 1  50 

PRENTISS    PflTENT    VISES 


PRENTISS  VISE  COMPANY. 

DigWzmyX9R!SogLe 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


581 


INDEPENDENT  SALT  CO. 


S49  to  559 

Smith  Street,  Brooklyn 

Telephone  Call,  640  Hamilton 


BIAIN  OFFICE 

2  to  24  Taylor  St 
BorotigH  of  BrooKlrn,  City  of  New  YorK 

WAREHOUSES :  ^  ManhaVa^^Mafkcf 

Telephone  Call,  1 1 36-79th  St. 


12.  Federal  labor  11248,  tax,  m,  J.  SI;  d  f.  SI 

Federal  labor  8364,  tax,  June.  S1.8a;  d  f,  S1.80 
Stone  derrlckmenM  prot  0721,  tax,,  a,  m,J, 

S7  50;  d  f,  $7.60 

Paper  carriers  p  and  b  asso  6788,  tax,  m,J, 

S3;  d  CS8 — 

Spring  and  pocketrknlfe  makers  12308,  tax, 

m.J,S2.70;  d  f,S270 

Tin.  steel,  iron,  and  graulte  ware  workers 

1U943,  tax, June, Stt;  df,  S6 

Stoneware  potters  8302,  tax,  apr,  S1.70;  d  f, 

$1.70 

Oil  and  gas  workers  12107,  tax,  may,$5.tf5; 

d  f,$8.95 

Central  labor  union,  Nelsonvllle,  Ohio,  sup 

Federal  labor  12515.  sup 

Cbeesemakers  12516,  sup 

Laborers  prot  12224,  tax,  may,  $1.06;  d  r,$1.05; 

snp.$2. 

Federal  labor  12866,  tax,  may,  85o;  d  f,  85o; 


sup,  6c.. 
Qtra' 


Central  labor  union,  Lebanon,  N  H,  tax,  a, 

m,  1,  $2.60;  sup,  26c 

Federal  labor  8020,  tax,  June,  $1.35;  d  f,  $1.36; 

sap,  25c 

Scale  workers  7602,  Ux,  may,  $0.05;  d  f,  $0.06; 

8ap,$l.00 

CtfuCral  labor  union,  Camden,  N  J,  sup 

18.  Central  labor  union,  Waco,  Tex,  tax,  f,  m,  a, 

m.J,  J. 

Central  labor  union.  Marine  City,  Mich,  tax, 

f;in,a. 

Massachusetts  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  nov, 

»0«,  to  and  incloct 

Conduit  trench  laborers  12286,  tax,  a,  m,  J, 

$8.25:  d  i;$S.25 

United  textile  workers  of  A,  tax,  m,  a 

Cigarmakers  intl  union  of  A,  tax,  mar 

Laborers  prot  12442,  tax,  may,  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.60 
Federal  labor  11801,  Ux,  may,  $2.76;  d  f,  $2.75; 

sup,$l 

Federal  labor  11722.  tax,  may,  $4.60;  d  f,$4.60 
Federal  labor  10186.  tax,  may,  $3.40;  d  f,  $8.40 
Federal  labor  11200,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  $1.05;  d  f, 

$1.05;  8  weeka textile  workers,  21o 

Sewerand  tunnel  workers 7310,  tax,  may,  ^; 

df.$8 

Hair  spinners  12847,  tax,  may,  $3.85;  d  f,  $2.86 
Telephone  operators  12402,  tax,  may,  95c;  d  t, 

06c. ; 

loemens  prot  10176,  tax.  may,  35c;  d  f.  86c 

Telephone  operators  12262,  tax,  June,  80c;  d  f, 

80c......... 

Sewer  inspectors  12381,  tax,  June,  $1.76;  d  f , 

$176 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  12010,  tax,  June, 

$4.70;  d  f.  $1.70 

Bottlers  10218,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  $3;  d  f.  $3 

Navy  yard  clerks  and  draughtsmens  asso 

12827,  tax,  mav,  $7.40;  d  f,  $7.40 , 

Federal  labor  12476,  tax,  may,  $1.65;  d  f,  $1.65; 

sup,  $4.26 

Furnttare  packers  prot  10699,  sup 

Federal  labor  9816,  tax,  June,  $2;  d  f,  $2;  sup, 

60c 

Central  labor  council,  Waycross,Ga,sup 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Plqua,Ohio,  sup.. 

Federal  labor  12617,  sup 

Suspender  leather  trimming  makers  12618, 

sup 

Saw  fliers  12519,  sup 

14.  Central  labor  union,  Hyde  Park,  Mass,  tax, 

f,  m.  a 

Central  labor  union,  Harrisburg,  Pa,  tax, 

_a,m.J 

Trades  assem,  Colllnsville,  111,  tax,  f,  m,  a, 

m,  J.I 

Central  labor  union,  Knoxville,  Tenn,  tax, 

J.f,  m 

Laborers  prot  12256,  tax,  may,  $3.60;  d  f,  $3.50 


$2  00 

3  60 

16  00 
600 
540 

12  00 

840 

1190 
10  00 
10  00 
10  00 

4  10 

176 

2  75 

295 

21  60 
100 

600 

260 

10  00 

660 
100  00 
200  87 

800 

660 
900 
680 

2  81 

16  00 
670 

1  90 
70 

1  60 

860 

.  9  40 
600 

14  80 

766 

1  00 

460 
600 
600 
10  00 

10  00 
10  00 

260 

2  60 

500 

250 
700 


14.  Intl  asso  of  bridge  and  structu  ral  iron  work- 
ers, tax,  a,  m. 

City  laborers  prot  12280,  tax,  m,  J,  $7.60;  d  f, 

$7.50 

Machinlsta  helpers  12328,  tax,  may,  $1.50; 

d  f.  $1.60 

Federal  labor  7296,  tax,  a,  m,  J, $1.50;  d  f,  $1.60 
Federal  labor  12080,  tax,  may,  $2.86;  d  f.  $2.85 
Federal  labor  9875,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a,  $3;  d  f,  $8 

Federal  labor  12002,  tax,  may,  45c;  d  f,46c 

Federal  labor  12061,  tax,  June,  $1;  d  f.  $1 

Federal  labor  12858,  tax,  may,  $4.70:  d  f,  $4.70 
Lamplighters  11943,  tax,  m,  J,  $11.50;   d   f. 

Music  engrave™  liiM0,tax7m        $1.70;  d  f; 

$1.70 v 

House  raisers  and  movers  12814,  tax,  June, 

75c;  d  f.  75c 

Water  pipe  caulkers  10680,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $1.60; 

d  f,  $1.6a. 

Spring  pocket  knife  makers  12229,  tax,  may, 

$6.26;  d  f.$6.26 

Hospital attendanU  prot8097,  tax,  m,J,  $1.60; 

df$1.50 

SUblemens  groom  prot  12016,  tax,  may,  $10; 

df,  $10 

Federal  labor  116(r7,  tax,  m,  a,  $1;  d  f,  $1; 

sup,  50c 

Mattress  and  spring  workers  8446,  tax,  June, 

60c;  d  f,60c:  sup,  80c 

Emmett  asso  of  rock  drillers  and  tool  sharp- 
eners 118u8,  sup 

Railroad  laborem  (Italian)  12620,  sup 

Horse  nail  workers  10582,  tax, June,  $1;  df, 

$1;  sup.  60c 

Federal  labor  9908,  tax,  June,  $6.10;  d  f,  $6.10; 

sup,  60c 

Federal  labor  7010,  sup 

16.  Council  of  labor,  Kern  co,  Cal,  tax,  bal  nov, 

•06,  to  and  incl  acct  June,  *07 

Central  labor  union,  Haverhill,  Mass,  tax, 

f,  m,  a,  m.J, J • 

Central  labor  council,  Pasadena,  Cal,  tax, 


r.m.j^m.J.J. 


Central  labor  union,  Cambridge,  Mass,  tax, 

m.  a,  m,  J,  J,  a 

Central  labor  council,  San  Bernardeno,  Cal, 

tax,  J,  f,m 

American  wire  weavers  prot  asso,  tax,  a, 

m.J 

Stave  pliers  and   helpers  12801,  tox,  may, 

$2.20;  d  f,  $2.20 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12268,  tax, 

may.  $1.90;  df,  $1.90 

Hat  block  makers  and  helpers  12099,  tax, 

may, 65c;  df, 66c 

Federal  labor  12440,  tax,  may.  tL50;  d  f,  $1.60 
Federal  labor  11168,  tax,  J  iine.  11.50;  d  r,  $4.80 
Federal  labor  12105,  tax,  u.  m,  %ZM\  d  f,  $2.80 

Federal  labor  11818,  tax,  a.  in  f5;  d  1,  %S 

Federal  labor  10919,  tax,  hin^.  K  «&;  d  r,  $2.66 

Federal  labor  12412,  tax,  fuly,  tl%  d  f.tZ 

Federal  labor  12489,  tax,  J  tints  "^'t  d  f,  75c 

Saw  fliers  and  setters  93U,  tax,  may , $2;  d  f,$2 
City  flremens  prot  asso  11&74.  tjix,  mrty,$6; 

d  f,$6 

Moccasin  and  moccasin  slipper    workers 

12288,  tax.  June.  $2.10;  d  f.  $2.10. 

Grain  workers  asso  11407,  tax.  may,  $1.60; 

df,$1.50 

N  Y  transfer  co  employes  prot  11824,  tax. 

Wane. $1.80;  df. $1.30 
Ire  drawers  12193,  tax,  June,  $2.50;  d  f,$2.50; 

sup,$l 

Street  cleaning  employes  12474,  tax,  may, 

$3.75;  d  f,  $3.75 

Sail  and  tent  makers  12288,  tax.  may,  $1.20; 

df,$1.20. 
Telep" 


$100  00 

16  00 

300 
300 
6  70 
600 
90 
200 

9  40 

28  00 
840 
160 
300 

12  60 
800 

20  00 

260 

160 

600 
10  00 

260 

10  70 
200 

607 

600 

600 

600 

260 

4  98 

4  40 

380 

1  80 
800 
860 
660 
10  00 
580 
400 
1  60 
400 

12  00 

420 

800 


600 
750 


2  40 


telephone  operators  10795,  lax,  June^  ®5c:  T_ 

d  f  65c;  sup,  25c grti^edbyV-iOOgK 


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15.  Horse  uall  workers  8658,  sup 

Alamlnum  workers  SMI,  tax,  June,  $18.75; 

d  f,  $18.75;  sap.  $1.60 

Federal  labor  8088,  sup ., 

Federal  labor  llu69,  tox,  may,  $1.85;  d  f,  $1.85; 


sup.$l 
►oer 
lem^ 

sup,  67c, 


Rubi 

BtOQeinasoasiaJ76.  tax,  may,  $1.25;  df. 


boot  and  shoe  workers  12122,  sup 

^$1.25; 


Wax  and  planter  model  makers  11488,  tax, 

June,  90c;  d  f.  Wo „.... 

17.  Central  labor  union,  Toledo,  Ohio,  tax,  f,  m, 

a,  m,  J.J  

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Pontiac,  III,  tax, 

^^^  m,  J,  J,  a.  s 

Central  labor  union,  Bridgeport,  Conn,  tax, 

f,m,a 

Central  labor  union,  Wilmington,  N  C.  Ux, 

July,  »06,  to  and  Inol  mar.  »07 

Central  labor  union,  Lookport,  N  Y,  tax,  f, 

m,  a,  m,  J,  J _...? *. .:.;. 

Central  labor  union,  Rockland,  Mass,  tax, 

f,  m,  a,  m,  J,  J 

United   bro  of  leather  workers  on  horse 

goods,  lax,  m,  J 

Oregon  state  fed  of  labor,  Ux,  June,  '06.  to 

and  Incl  may,  '07 

Machinists  helpers  12891,  tax,  may,  $2.50;  d  f, 

$2.5J \. 

Railroad  helpers  and   laborers  1*2299,  tax, 

may,  $1;  d  f.  $1 ',.....,.. 

Federal  labor  9641.  tax,ju!]p»  70c:  iJ  f*  TOo 

Federal  labor  12817.  tax.  nmy,  12;  d  f,  2.,... 

Federal  labor  12895.  tax.  Jutie.rZ:  d  r,t2 

Federallabor8398.  Ux,  J uiHi.lt ;[!  r,  iU  ........ 

Federal  labor  10l28,  Ux,  ni.  j,  7ite;  d  r  70c  ..,., 
Federal  labor  12889,  Ux,  J  u  u  t^ .  f3,05;  d  f ,  S3  .OS 
Federal  labor  12222,  Ux,  Jime.  »J0;  d  f.  $30  .... 

Federal  labor  12274,  Ux,  III !ie.»2;d  f.SJ 

Federal  labor  12:i»6, Ux,  July,  11,25;  d  f,  I L25,. 
Gardeners  and  florists  lOtitS,  uix,  a,  m^  J, 

$5.85:d  f.$>.85 l..] .....; 

Dock  builders  12429,  Ux,  may,  $IP;  d  f,  $15.... 
Indurated  fibre  workers  7185,  Ux,  may,  $5; 

^d  f,  •> : 

Clay  workers  12461,  tax.  may.  $1.50;  d  f,$1.50 
Ropemen,  helpers,  surf^emen,  and  federal, 

12898.  Ux,  may.  $4.60;  d  f,  $4,50 

Suspender  workers  11294,  Ux,  June,  $1.70;  d  f, 

$1.70.......^ 

GranlU  workers  9289,  Ux,  June,  $1.40;  d  f. 

Rubber  woirkera  1218').' Ux,  J iineViWc;' d 'fi'fiSc 

Porters  prot  12841.  tax,  may,  $2;  d  f.  12 

Federal  labor  12522,  sup 

Machinists  helpers  and  handymens  12521, 

sup ^. 

Central  labor  union,  Tamaqua  and  Panther 

Creek  Valley.  Pa.  sup 

Soda  and  mineral  water  bottlers  1088S,  Ux, 

June,  $1.75;  d  f,  $1.75 

loemens  prot  12288,  Ux,  may,  $8.10;  d  f.  $8.10 
Fibre  Sanders  7296,  Ux,  June,  $1.15:  d  f.  $1  15.. 
Railroad  helpers  and   laborers  11988,  Ux, 

June,  r2  10;  d  f.  $2.10;  sup.  55c 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers   12187,  Ux, 

July,  $8.60;  d  f,  $3  50;  sup,  58c 


$5  00      17.  Federated  trades  council,  Milwaukee,  Wis, 

sup « 1 50 

82  00  Federal  labor  11651,  Ux,  a,  m,  $4.10;  d  f,  $4.10; 

2  00             sup,  $5 u:» 

Newspaper  carriers  12U62,  Ux,  may,  $2.7o;  >^ 

8  70                d  f,  $Ifo 6  40 

1  00            Paving  cutters  union  of  U  8  and  Can.  sup...  5  10 

Laborers  prot  8856,  Ux,  J  une,75o;  d  f,  76o 1  fiO 

8  07       18.  Central  labor  council,  Jamestown.  N  Y,  Ux, 

m,J,J 2» 

1  80             Free  fed  of  labor,  Porto  Rico,  tax,  n,  d,  *0$,  -s^ 

J,  f,  m,  a 6  00 

5  00            Inti  asso  of  glass  house  employes.  Ux,  a,  m  I.OO 

Womens  laborers  prot  11752,  Ux,  may,  $4.40;  m 

5  00                 d  f,  $4.40 8  80 

Federal  labor  11478,  Ux,  June,  $2.75;  d  f. $2.75  6  » 

2  50             Federal  labor  11796,  Ux,  a,  m,  $5;  d  f,  $5 10  00 

Agricultural  prot  12005,  Ux,  apr,  '06.  to  and 

7  60                fncl  feb,  '07,  $>.50;  d  t,  $5.60 11  00 

Tunnel  miners  SiWS,  Ux,  m,  j,  $1.70:  i  f,  $1.70  3  40 
5  00             Rubber  boot  and  shoe  workers  12422,  tax, 

June,  95c;  d  f.  95c 1  90 

5  00  Water  dept  workers  6856,  Ux,  a,  m,  J,  $8; 

d  f,  $8....... 6  00 

40  00             Federal  labor  8786,  Ux,  may.  $1.50;  d  f,  $1.50..  S  00 
United  neckwear  makers  11016,  Ux,  m,  a, 

10  00                 $6;  d  f.  $6 —..  H  00 

OH  and  gad  well  workers  12001,  Ux,  June, 

5  00               $10;  d  f  $10;  sup  $^5 »00 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  11998,  sup 40 

2  00  Hair  spinners  prot  12868,  Ux,  June,  $2.40;  d  f, 

1  40                 $2.40;  sup,  $2.55 7  0( 

4  00  MeUl  asso  of  double  drum  holster  runners 

4  00                11275,  Ux,  a,  m,  $8.70;  d  f,  $8.70:  sup,  $4 11  40 

2  00  Pipe  caulkers  and  Uppers  7848,  Ux,  m,  a, 

1  40                 £;  d  f,  $8 ..^.. 16  00 

6  10       19.  Federated  trades  council,  Eureka,  Cal,  Ux, 

40  00                bal  sept,  '06,  to  and  incl  aoct  aug,  '07 10  00 

4  00  Central  labor  union,  Matton,  111,  Ux.  J,  f,  m, 

2  60                a,  m,  J 6  00 

Well  drivers  12538,  sup 11  00 

11  70             Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12524,  sup 12  SO 

80  00             Federal  labor  12278,  sup 5  00 

Trades  and  labor  council.  Bucyrus,  Ohio, 

10  00                Ux,  may,  'U6,  to  and  Incl  apr,  H)7 10  00 

8  do  Trades  assem.  Ft  Madison,  Iowa,  Ux,  a, 

m,  J —  2  » 

9  00  Mill  beloers  and  laborers  12467,  Ux,  may, 

75c;  d  f.  75c 1 » 

8  40  Locomotive  hostlers  and  helpers  11891,  Ux, 

may,  $8.20;  d  f.  $8.20  «  40 

2  80  Trades  and  labor  council,  Lansing,  Mich, 

1  10                ux,  J.f,  m 2  50 

4  00  Federal  labor  9701,  Ux,  a,  m,  J,  $8.75;  d  f, 

10  00                 $8.75 .-.  7  80 

Federal  labor  8760,  Ux.  may,  $1:  d  f,  $1 S  00 

10  00             Federal  labor  8818.  Ux,  June, $1.20;  d  f.  $1.20..  2  40 

Federal  labor  12012,  Ux,  may,  $2;  d  f,  $2 4  00 

10  00  Chainmakers  natl  union  of  U  8  A,  Ux,  m, 

a.  m 9  00 

5  60  United  cloth  hat  and  cap  makersof  N  A*, 

6  20                 Ux.apr 14  91 

2  80             American  fed  of  musicUns,  Ux.  June 187  SO 

Intl  asso  of  machlnisU,  Ux,  a,  m 600  00 

4  75             Federal  labor  12882.  Ux.  may,  85c:  d  t,  85o....  70 

Barber  shop  porters  and   bath-house  em* 

7«               p,oye.ny&^.«..mj|^.^,|^<d)^.g 5« 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


583 


THE 

a\i\\€*^  BAKING 
l/l/vFIi  O    POWDBR 

Made  perfect  by  over  forty  years'  experience  in  its 
manufacture.  Guaranteed  under  Food  and  Drugs  Act 
of  June  30,  1906.  Number  2141  appears  on  each 
package.  Try  it  and  be  convinced  of  its  superiority 
over  other  brands  in  baking  qualities  and  health- 
fulness.  You  can  always  have  the  Best  if  you  insist 
upon  it. 

MANUFACTURED  BY 

BANNSR  BAKING  POMTDERCO, 
PITTSBURG,  PA. 

19.  Suspender  worken  11261,  tax,  June,  40c;  d  f, 

40c I  80 

Tobacco  strippers  10122,  Uz,  June,  18.60;  d  f, 

$S.60 7  00 

Hat  and   cap   leather  sweatband  cutters 

11807,  tax,  Jane,  %  J*y,  d  f,  81.60 8  00 

Telephone  operators  124<f8,  tax,  June,  85c;  d  f, 

85c 70 

City  flremens  prot  asso  11481,  tax,  June, 

fl«.«u;  d  f,  816.60 88  20 

Watch  workers  6061.  tax,  a,  m,  81.60;  d  ^ 

•I.W 9  00 

Federal  labor  88i9,  Ux,  Jane,  88.76;  d  f,  88.76; 

sap.  82.60 7  60 

Macblulsta   helpers  12884,   tax,  may,  81.66; 

d  f,  81.65;  sap,  250 8  86 

Canvassing  agents  and  solicitors  8648,  tax, 

m.a.8«;  d  f.  18 — 6  00 

30.  Trades  and  labor  council,  Hancock,  Mich, 

tax.  J,  f,  m 2  60 

Trades  an<l  labor  anion,  East  8t  Louis,  III, 

tax,  f,|  m.  a,  m,  J,  J 5  00 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Marietta,  Ohio,  tax, 

f.  m,  a 2  60 

Osnvasslng  agents  and  solicitors  8648,  sup...  1  00 

Highway  laborers  prot  12H21,  tax,  June,  13.06; 

(ff,  82.06 4  10 

Laborers  prot  12458,  tax.  Jane,  81.20;  d  t,  81.20         2  40 
Laborers  prot  12442,  tax,  J  one.  82.60;  d  f,  82.60         6  00 

IntI  spinners  union  tax,  a,  m  J. 38  00 

Federal  labor  11477,  tax.  a,  m,  1.81.66:  d  f , 

81.66;  aoct  4  weeks  ITU  assess,  22c 8  62 

Federal  labor  9857,  Ux,  m,  J,  J,  81.50: d  f,  81.50         8  00 

Federal  labor  12367,  tax.  J  one,  81;  d  f,  81 *         2  00 

Federal  labor  12266.  Ux,  may.  81.40;  d  f,  81.40  2  80 

Federal  labor 7479.  Ux,  may,  82.25;  d  f.  82.26..  4  60 

Federal  labor  71R7.  Ux,  apr.  84.25;  d  f.  81.25....  8  60 

Federal  labor  12«»8,  Ux.  Jane,  81.60;  d  t.  81.60         8  20 

Federal  labor  10486,  Ux.  J  one,  60o;  d  f.  60c *    i  20 

Cat  nail  workers  prot  7029,  tax,  June,  81.05; 

d  f,  81.05 ;  2  10 

Qardenersand  florists  11984,  Ux,a,  m,  85;  d  f, 

85 10  00 

Boston  workers  prot  12404,  Ux,  may,  80.10; 

d  f.  86.10 12  20 

Street  workers  and  laborers  10282,  tax,  m,  J, 

»;  d  f.82 4  00 

Hat  trimmers  11604.  Ux.  may. 81 .65:  d  f  81.66  8  80 

Oas  workers  11683.  Ux,  may,  81.06:  d  f,  81.06..  2  10 

Cemetery  employes  10684,  Ux,  June,  88.25; 

d  1 8S.& 6  60 

Jewelry  and  silyerwRre  casemakers  10448, 

Ux,  June,  87.50;  d  f,  87.60 16  00 

Machine  printer  and  color  mixers  11967,  Ux, 

m,j,70c:  d  f,7nc 1  40 

Granite  polishers,  quarrymen,  and  laborers 

10806,  Ux,  may.  8160;  d  f.  81.60;  sup,  82.76..  5  95 

Bleachery  dye  workers  and  helpers  12096, 

Ux,  m.  J.  t^.90:  d  f.  80.90;  sup,  81.20 21  00 

Federal  labor  10190,  Ux, June, 85.50;  d  f,  85.50; 

sup,8L25  12  26 

Furnace  workers  12481.  sup ,.  1  60 

Park  dept  laborers  12485.  sup 1  25 

Assorters  and  packers  8!tl6,  sup 6  00 

Federal  labor  11651,  sup 1  00 

21.  Industrial  council,  Kansas  City,  Mo,  Ux,  f, 

^m,  a,  m.  J,  J 6  00 

Central  labor  anion,  Sheboygan,  Wis,  Ux, 

J.  t.  m,  a,  ro,  J 6  60 

Trades  assem,  Rome.  N  Y.  tax.  f,  m.  a 2  50 

Federal  labor  12816,  tax,  may,  88.40;  d  f,  88.40         6  80 
Federal  labor  12826,sap 10  00 


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21.  Federal  labor  11006  tax,  June,  81.25:  d  f,  11.26 

Federal  labor  8217,  tax,  June,  12;  d  f,  82 

Park  employes  prot  11820,  tax,  may,  $1.45;  d  f, 

81.46 

Shirtwaist  and  laundry  worken  intl  union. 

tax,  J,  f 

Quarry  workers  intl  union  of  N  A,  tax.  a.  m 
Lithograpbers  intl  prot  and  ben  asso  of  U  8 

and  Can,  tax,  o.  n,  d,  '06,  J,  W 

Stoneware  workers  prot  6888,  tax,  June,  83.60; 

d  f,  85.80 

Needlemakers  11443,  tax,  may,  81  20;    d   f, 

•1.20 ^ 

Sewer  workers  9688,  tax,  a,  ra,  88.75;  d  f, 

•3  76 

RlRgers  prot  10288.  tax,  may.  82.25:  d  f,  82  26.. 
Bootblacks  prot  116i8,  tox,  June.  61;  d  r,  81.... 
Soap,  soda,  and  candle  workers  lC88j,  tax, 

m,a,^5;  df,^5  

Foreman  blasters  11955, tax.  m,  J,  J,  ^6.75;  d  f, 

•6  7» 

Mail  baar,  pouch  makers  and  repalren  10528, 

tax,  June,  •!:  d  f.  Si 

Hairsplnners  12868.  tax,  may.  40c;  d  f,  40c 

Rockroen  and  excavators  12488,  tax,  may, 

•10;d  f.^lO..... 

Federal  labor  8328,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a,  82.60;  d  f, 

•2.60:  sup,  60c 

Laborers  prot  12008,  tax,  June,  81.06;  d  f,8i.06; 

sup,  60c 

Laborers  prot  12608,  sup  

Suspender  workers  12282.  sup       

Local  21  quarry  workers  in tl  of  N  A ,  sup 

Federal  labor  7681,  sup 

Federal  labor  7601.  Ux.  apr.  82.40;  d  f,  •2.40... 
Central  trades  council.  Krankfort,  Ind,  sup 

22.  Trades  and  lat>or  council,  Kenosha,  Wis, 

tax,J,  f,  m 

Central  labor  union,  Lawrence,  Mass,  tax, 

bal  J,  f,  m,  a 

Laborers.  excavRtors,  and  rock  mens  11679, 

Ux,m,  1,610:  df,^IO  ...» 

Federal  labor  6925.  tax,  a,  m,  J,  •8.46;  d  f, 

•8.46 

Central  labor  union,  Hasleton.  Pa.  sup 

Amal  asso  of  street  and  electric  railway  em 

ployesof  A,  tax.a,  ra.  J -gfeed-by 


•2  60 
400 

290 

88  90 
40  00 

56  40 

11  00 

2  40 

760 
450 
200 

10  00 

18  60 

200 
80 

20  00 

660 

260 
800 
8  76 
166 
20 
480 
1  00 

260 

284 

20  00 

690 
600 


584 


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22.  Federal  labor  11044,  tax.  m,  a,  $1.50;  d  f,  SI  60 
Stove  mounters  Intl  union,  tax,  a,  m,  J 


Intl  typographical  anion,  tax,  may.. 
Qranitecutteniintlassoof  /    ^ 


fA,  tax,a,  m,J 

Intl  hodcarrlers  and  building  laborers  of  A, 

tax,  a.  m ^ 

Amal  glass  workers  Intl  assoof  A,  tax,  a, 

m,J 

United  asso  of  plumbem,  gasfltters,  steam- 

fltters,  and  steam Itters  helpdrsof  (J  Sand 

Can,  tax,  a,  m,  J 

Federal  labor  lUOSO,  tax,  a,  m,  13.50:  d  f,  S8.66 
Federal  labor  8087,  Ux,  a,  m,  J,  SU.IO;  d  L 

•11.10 

Federal  labor  6!)51.  Ux,  may,  75c;  d  f,  75c 

Bootblacks  prot  12290,  tax,  a,  m.  91.10;  d  f, 

$4.10 „ ....!?. ! 

Telephone  operators  12400,  tax,  may,  80o;  df, 

SuspendeVworkenlO^^^^ 

Lastmakera'prot'l  1029*,' tax***  in,  a*,**m7$5i26; 

d  r,  $>.25 

Cooks  and  waiters  10908, tax,  June,  $9.00;  d  f, 

$9.00 ; ; 

Emmeti  asso  of  rock  drillers  and  tool  shais 

peners  11806,  tax.  may.  $21.50;  d  f.  ril.50 

United  pearl  workers  12472, tax,  June,  $14.00; 

d  f.  $14.90:  sup,  $1 ! .' 

Federal  labor  8108,  sup .„ 

Florists  and  gardeners  10726,  tax,  m,  J,  $2.80; 

d  f,$2.80;sup,$l.2.5 

Central  trades  and  labor  council,  Du  Bois, 

Pa,  sup 

24.  Federal  labor  12102,  tax,  June,  $11.50;  d  f, 

$11.50 

Federal  labor  0998,  tax,  a,  m, J, |1.06:d  f,  $1.05 
Bootblacks  prot  10175,  tax,  may,  $2.85;  d  f. 

News  paper  a'nd*  mail  deiiverera  *0468,  tax. 

apr,  $15;  d  f.  $15 

Cloth  and  casket  workers  12348,  tax,  J,  J,  a, 

$2.25;  d  f.  $2.25 !..........! 

Trades  and  labor  council,  West  Mineral, 

Kans,  sup 

Actors  natlprot  union  of  A,  tax,  m, a,  m 

Intl  assoof  fur  workers  of  US  and  Can,  tax, 

June 

Tobacco  strippers  12489,  tax,  may,  $2.96;  d  f, 

$2.95 

Tobacco  strippers  12502,  tax,  J,  J,  $5.90;  d  f, 

$5.90;  sup.  $4 

Hotel  and  restaurant  employes  intl  alliance. 

tax,  may 

Intl  union  of  pavers  and  raromermen,  tax, 

a.m.J 

Iron  molders  union  of  N  A.  tax,  a,  m,  J 

Upholsterers  intl  union  of  N  A,  Ux,  a,.m.J 


$8  00 
22  50 
194  88 
187  60 

106  80 

28  68 

226  00 
700 

22  20 
150 

820 

100 

280 

10  60 

19  20 

48  00 

88  80 
1$0 

686 

77 

28  00 
2  10 

70 

90  00 

460 

500 
16  50 

200 

690 

15  80 

179  95 

22  60 

760  00 

37  50 


24.  Cloth  stock  workers,  10184,  Ux,  may,  $2.40; 

ft  f  ¥5.40 , .„.,., .„*.*,„„„s„.,.„„ 

Tnnti'w  rDtincJJ,  MHtvliie^  N  J,  Ux,  ra,  a.  m.. 
Fi^Ut^rul  |i«bor  J 1624,  tA^E,  Apr.  19.06:  d  f.  $8,06., 
Fe^^ntV  lubur  UI)K3,  uiJutJt\f2.M»:  d  f.  Sl.50 
Federal  tiibrtr(M(»7,  lar  July.fei.aS:  d  f,  UM.. 
F-erterrtl  Inbor  1*770,  lai  Jantf,  fl.70:  d  U  $i*TO 

Fedt^rul  laUir  m'^,  lai  June,  $5;  d  f,  |5..,„ 

Tmrtei  eomn^H,  Bt'lolt,  Wlw,  tAX,  J.  f,  Tn 

I'rartn?^  rmrt  lahorfed,  V'-^r   •i-m'^ '-i'^-?-^  N  J, 

UX,  r,  m,  a,  m,  J,J 

Federal  labor  8162,  ux,  a.  m,  J,  $6;  d  f,  $6 

Intl  bro  of  electrical  workers  114,  sap — 

Federal  labor  11185,  Ux, June, $1;  d  f,  $1;  sap, 

50c  ~... 

Mineral  water  bottlers  11817,  sup 

Union  label  league,  Kansas  City,  Mo,  sop.... 
Federal  labor  11648,  Ux,  June,$r.lO;  d  f,$1.10; 

sup,  20o : 

Pipe>3aulkers  12088,  Ux,  June,  65o;  d  f,  65c; 

sop,  26o 

25.  Central  labor  union,  Easton,  Pa,  Ux,  a,  m, 

Feheill  u'bor*i28ib,*Ux,''j ii'ne,^^       'd*(;  $2.66 

Federal  labor  11414.  Ux,  June,  $1;  d  f,  $1 

Interlocking  switch  and  signalmen  11887, 

tax,  JuneT$3.65;  d  f,  $9.65  

Municipal  waUr  pipe  layers  i«o67,  Ux,  may, 

$2.60;  df,$2.50 

MachlnisU  helpers  12486,  Ux,  m,  J,  $2.80;  d  U 

$2.$0 «.. 

Fire  dept  employes  asso  10446,  tax,  m,  J,  $4; 

df,$4 

Park  dept  employes  prot  118X),  sup 

Ball  stitchers  12071,  tax,  may,  $1.25;  d  f.  $1.25 
HosplUl  employes  10038,  Ux,  may,  $2.56;  d  f, 

Horse^nali  makers  *7(r78,  tax,  a,  m,  j,  $l6iid; 

df,  $10.50 

Window  cleaners  120^0.  Ux,  J  une,  85o;  d  f,  3Sc 

26.  Central  labor  union,  Elkhart,  Ind,  tax,  J, 

f,  m 

Central  labor  union,  Paducah,  Ky,Ux,  o,  n, 

d,  '06,  J,  f.  m.  '07 

Central  labor  union,  Derby.  Conn,  Ux,  J, 

f,  m 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Ogdensburg,  N  Y, 

ux,  J,  f,  m 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Ogdensburg,  N  Y, 


Ux,a,  m.  J  . 
~     -  lla 


Trades  and  labor  assem.  So  Chicago,  111,  Ux, 
a,  m, J.J,  a,  s 

Central  labor  union,  Blddeford  and  Saoo, 
Me.  Ux,  8.  o,  n,  d,  '06.  J,  f.  '07 

Trades  and  labor  assem.  Moberly,  Mo,  tax, 
J,f.m 

Federal  labor  8616,  Ux,  a,  m,  J,  $1^;  d  i; 

"•^ DlgifizecfW^OOgie- 


$4  80 
250 

1110 
500 
650 
840 

10  00 
250 

500 
12  00 
100 

250 
16  00 
200 

240 

155 

500 
500 
2  00 

780 

500 

460 

800 

50 

250 

500 

21  00 
70 

250 

500 

250 

250 

250 

500 

500 

960 

170 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


S8S 


Kitcbel's 
Lipimept 

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Sprains,  Bruises,  Aches 

and  Pains. 

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It  relieves  pain  like 

magpie. 

Sold  by  Druggists. 

h.  B.  Mtcbel 

CoMwatery  Mich. 


Federal  labor  124(8,  tax,  June.  19.26:  d  f,  t9.26  818  60 

Federal  labor  9466,  tax,  m,  J ,  $4;  d  f:  $4 8  00 

Federal  labor  7067,  tox,  may,  $6;  d  f,  86 10  00 

Federal  labor  10629.  tax,  June,  86.26;  d  f,  86.26  12  60 
Federal  labor  9986,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  84.60;  d  f, 

tiJA 9  00 

Federal  labor  11331.  ta^,  June,  82;  d  f,  82 4  00 

Utlca  state  bo.«pltal  employes  11972,   tax, 

June 76c;  d  f.  76c 1  60 

Newsboys  prot  12384,  tax,  may 1  88 

United  neckwear  cutters  0989,  tax,  may,  88.76; 

d  f,  88.76. 7  60 

Cif  ar  factory  tobacco  strippers  11989,  tax,   • 

fane.  87.80;  d  f.  87.60 16  00 

Qas  workers  9840,  tax,  June.  814.76:  d  f,  814.76  29  60 
Sugar  workers  10619,  tax,  June,  812.60;  d  f, 

812.60 26  00 

Federal  labor  12226,  tax,  may,  81.26;  d  f,  81 26  2  60 
Miners  union  12340,  tax,  June,  818.16;  d   f, 

818.15 aB  80 

Federal  labor  12226,  tax.  June,  81.76;  d  f,  81.76  3  60 
Natl  asso  of  heat,  frost,  eeneral  Insulators 

and  asbestos  workers  of  A,  tax,  a,  m,  J 7  90 

Intl  stereotypers  and  electrotypers  union, 

tax.  may 18  67 

Qeo  E  Rees,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  sup 1  00 

American  bro  of  cement  workers,  tax,  m,  J, 

800;  sup,  841.27 91  27 

Federal  labor  12496,  sup 8  60 

Buspendermakers  10842,  sup 16  00 

Federal  labpr  12614.  sup 4  00 

Pearl  workers  12197,  tox.June,  86.20;  d  f,  86.20; 

sup,  81.60 — 13  90 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Keokuk,  Iowa,  tax, 

t  m.  a,  m.J.J 6  00 

Federal  labor  7126,  tax,  m,  J,  81:  d  f,  81 2  00 

Federal  labor  8426,  tax,  a, m,  J,  81.60:  d  f,  81.60  3  00 

Federal  labor  9461,  tax,  mar,  82.60;  d  f.  82.60...  6  00 

Federal  labor  10226,  tax,  m,  J,  81.20;  d  f.  81.20  2  40 

Laborers  prot  10296,  tax,  June,  88.10:  d  f.  83.10  6  20 
Linemens  helpers  12076,  tax,  a,  m,  |2.60;  d  f , 

12.60 5  00 

Meter  makers  and  repairers  12284,  tax,  June, 

81.85:  d  f,81.86 2  70 

Watch  ease  engravers  intl  asso  of  A,  tax, 

a,m,J 2  26 

Pocket  kniCe  blade  grinders  and   finishers 

natl,  tax,  a,  ro,  J 6  10 

Intl  compressed  air  workers  union,   tax, 

a,  m.  J,.r 19  60 

Intl  Lon^horemen  asso,  tax,  a,  m,  J 460  00 

Boot  and  shoe  workers  union,  tax,  a,  m 818  09 

Intl  bro  of  blacksmiths,  tax,  a,  m,J 142  60 

Federal  labor  11265,  tax.  a,  m,  J,  W;  d  f,  88; 

sup,  60c 6  50 

Federal  labor  12414,  Ux,  June,  81.75;  d  f.  81.76;  ^  ^ 

sup,  60c 4  00 

Federal  labor  12626,  sup 10  00 

u  Wisconsin  slate  fed  of  labor,  tax,  may,  '07, 

toandind  apr,'08 10  00 

Fed  of  labor,  Baltimore.  Md,  tax,  m,  a,  m....  2  60 


28.  Federal  labor  12899,  tax,  June.  81.10;  d  f,  81.10.. 
Federal  labor  12886,  tax,  J,  J,  88.60;  d  f,  88.60... 
Federal  labor  12011,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  88;  d  f,  88... 

Hair  spinners  10899,  tax,  June,  81;  d  f,  81 

Welfi^hmasters  1^97.  tax,  m,  J,  82.70;  d  f,  82.70 
Machinists  helpers  12854,  tax,  June,  82.0j;  d  f, 

82.06 

Riggers  prot  11661,  tax,  may.  86;  d  f,  86 

Conee,  spice,  and  baking  powder  workers, 

9606,  tax,  J,  f,  m,  88.45;  d  f,  $8.46 

Machinists  iielpers  12628,  sup 

Central  labor  union,  Kansas  City,  Kan,  sup 
Park  dept  laborers  12485,  tax,  apr,  60c;  d  f; 

60c „ 

The  order  of  railroad  telegraphers,  tax,  a, 

m,J „ 

Brusnmakers  intl  union,  tax,  may 

Demijohn  coverers  12498,  tax,  acct  June,  26c; 

d  f,  26c;  sup,  60c 

Central  trades  and  labor  assem,  Collinsville, 

111.  sup 

Machinists  helpers  and  laborers  12298*  tax, 

June,  82.45;  d  f.  82.45;  sup,  88.2.S. 

Federal  labor  12488,  tax,  July,  82.60;  d  f,  82.60; 


sup,  82 
'  chii 


Machine  chain  assemblers  12607,  tax,  June, 

86;  d  f,  86;  sup,  82 

Trades  council,  Enid,  Okla,  sup 

29.  Federal  labor  11164,  tax,  June,  81.40:  d  f,  81.40 

Federal  labor  !'J047,  tax,  may,  60c;  d  f,  60c 

Federal  labor  12496,  tax,  June,  816:  d  f,  816 

Laborers  prot 9658.  tax, June,  84.50;  d  f.  $4.60.. 
Sewer  workers  12281,  tax,  may,  81.25;  d  f, 

81.26 

Ropemakers  and  helpers  12319,  tax,  June, 

82.80;  d  f,  82.80 ^ 

Machinists  helpers  12103,  tax,  a,  m,  82.60;  d  f, 

82.60 

Laborers  prot  9105,  tax,  apr,  86;  d  f,  $5 

Steel  plate  transferrers  asso  of  A,  tax,  a,  m,  J 

Sawsmiths  union  of  N  A,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d 

Intl  bro  of  stationary  firemen,  tax.  apr 

Switchmens  union  of  N  A.  tax.  m.J 

Federal  labor  9650,  tax,  June,  $5:  d  f.  $5 

Trades  and  labor  council.  La  Salle,  III,  tax, 

a,  m.J.J,a,s 

Central  labor  union,  Findlay,  Ohio,  tax.  s, 

o,  n.  d.  '06,  J,  f 

Trades  council.  Jackson,  Mich,  tax,  m,  a,  m 
Federal  labor  11617,  tax,  m.J,  $1.60;  d  f,  $4.50; 

sup,  88 

Federal  labor  12438,  tax,  may,  81.25;  d  f.  81.25; 

sup,  82 

Suspender  workers  11095,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  81.20; 

d  f.  81.20;  sup,  85 

Small  supplies 

Advertisements  Am  Fed 

Subscriptions  Am  Fed 

Premiums  on  bonds 


$2  90 
700 
600 
200 
6  40 

4  10 
10  00 

4  90 
10  00 
600 

100 

226  00 
2  91 

100 

25 

8  16 

700 

12  00 
600 
280 
1  20 

80  00 
900 

260 

660 

620 

10  00 

88 

900 
60  00 
96  60 
10  00 

600 

600 
260 

12  00 

460 

740 

4  67 

1,517  66 

288  66 

18160 

8130  916  36 


EXPENSES. 

1.  One  month's  rent,  Geo  O  Seibold,  secy 176  00 

Strike  benefit  for  week  ending  June  2, '07,  J 

and  s  casemakers  10448,  Cbas  K  Kuser, 

treas 840  00 

Telegram,  T  W  Duffin 1  68 

Cab  hire.  D  L  Coon  A  Co 1  60 

Organizing  expenses,  J  L  Rodier 80  00 

Refund  of  per  capita  tax  for  June,  '07.  united 

brewery  workmen,  Louis  Kemper,  secy....  200  00 
8.  1,100 1-c  stamps,  1,100  2-c  stamps.  PO  dept....  83  00 
Acct  expenses  building  booth  at  Jamestovm 

exposition,  D  M  Plummer 772  00 

Organizing  expenses.  E  D  Biathrow,  818;  T 

HFIynn,8aO 68  00 

4.  Contribution  to  Am  Fed,  Hans  Fehlinger...  4  00 
1,000  1-c  stamps,  1,000  2-c  stamps,  800  8-c 

stamps,  600 4-c,  300 6  o,  and  400  10  c  stamps, 

P  O  dept 114  00 

Organizing  expenses,  John  Fitzpatrtck,  895; 

C  W  Petry,  8o;  Herman  Robinson.  8100 200  00 

Committee  rooms.  Clarendon  Hotel 12  00 

Organizing  expenses,  J  D  Pierce.  8100;  A  E 

Holder,  8100 200  OO 

5.  Flowers  for  P  J   McOulre's  grave,  Jas  H 

Reeves,  secy 6  00 

Organizing  expenses,  I  W  Wright,  810;  R 
Braunschweig.  811.20;  J  D  Pierce.  860;  J  L 
Rodier.  846;  John  Golden,  828.66;  H  Gross- 
man, 8110.87 280  12 

6.  1,000  1-c  sumps  PO  dept D|gfff^^ai3y 'OOOgPe 


S86 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  Purity  of 

HUNTER 
RYE 


IS  ALL  THAT  MAN,  MONEY  AND 
REFINEMENT  OF  AGE  CAN  MAKE 
IT— THE  HIGHEST  STANDARD  OF 
EXCELLENCE. 


Sold  at  all  first-claaa  cafes  and  by  jobbers. 
WM.  LANAHAN  &  SON,  Baltimore,  Md. 


6.  Organisinff  expenses.  J  A  Plett,  flOO;    H 

Frayne,  JlOO:  M  G  UamUton,  $100;  Jas 
Leonard.  $100;  Stuart  Keid,  flOO;  Jaot>b 
Taselaar.  $100;  Wm  E  Terry,  $100:  H  M 
WaHcer.lSU:  Oal  Wyatt,|10U;  O  O  Young, 
f  100;  W  H.  Downey.tW fP90  00 

7.  OrganiEing  expenses,  Joseph  A.  Torreilo 100  00 

8.  Bxpressage  forapr.  U  B  Express  co 87  86 

Bai  expenses  construotloE  booth  at  James- 
town exposition,  D  M  Plummer 198  00 

Strl Ice  benefits  for  week  ending  June  9, '07, 
J  and  s  oasemalcers  10148,  Chas  E  Kuser, 
treas 840  00 

10.  Organising  expenses,  David  Kreylinff 6  00 

Flowers  for  Qeo  E  McNeil's  grave,  A  M  Hud- 
dell  6  00 

Organizing  expenses,  T  BFlvnn 100  00 

AttoroevfeeM,  The  Htationers  Board  of  Trade  8  82 

Organizing  expenses,  W  B  Cook 60  00 

Contribution  to  Am  Fed.  John  Powell 20  00 

11.  Contribution  to  Am  Fed,  E  Valesh 20  00 

Organizing  expenses,  Santiago  Igleslas 92  00 

12.  Beals  (may),  J  Baumgarten&Bons 81  66 

Expenses  acot  exhibit  at  Jamestown  exposi- 
tion, D  M  Plummer 285  00 

18.  1.000  l-o  stamps  1.000  2-c  stamps  P  O  dept 80  00 

100  2-c  stamps  POdept 2  00 

Organizing  expenses,  W  H  Downey,  120;  E 
T  Flood,  8100;  Jas  Leonard,  850:  Herman 
Roblnson.loO;  A  E  Holder,  $50;  W  C  Hahn, 

$60 820  00 

Expenses  attending  child  labor  conference 

in  WashlngtOD.  D  C,  Daniel  Harris 18  60 

14.  Organizing  expenses,  J  L  Rod! er 80  00 

16.  Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  June  16,  '07,  . 

Jewelry  and  silverware  casemakers  10448, 

Chas  E  Kuser,  secy 824  00 

Expre«sagefor  may,  U  S  Express  co 84  68 

17.  Organizing  expenses,  Sam  De  Nedrey 16  00 

18.  Organizing  expenses,  Stuart  Reld 100  00 

Legislative  expenses,  T  0  Spelling 60  00 

19.  15.U00 1-c  sUmps.  P  O  dept 160  00 

Expenses  attendinir  conference  at  Washing- 
ton, D  C,  Wm  D  Huber 78  00 

Towelservloe,  Fowler  Mfg  co 7  00 

Treas  cash  books,  treas  receipt  books,  treas 
order  books.  Law  Reporter  co 1212  82 


19.  H  outs,  the  Maurice  Joyce  Eng  co ft  & 

CleaniDg  windows  and  doors.  L  L  Cahoon 

W  C  CO « 7  (H 

Organizing  expenses,  Michael  Hasenslab, 

$10;  B  F  Herron,  $10 20  01 

Attorney  fees,  H  Winshlp  Wheatley s  M 

Freight  and  drayage.  Blue  Line  Transfer  co        8  % 

20.  Expenses  Jamestown  exhibit^  CD  Shad  bolt  22  ft 
Organizing  expenses,  H  M  Walker,  $100;  J 

J  O'Donnell,  $68.10:  ComeUus  Ford.  $18.80; 
John  Golden,  $19.86 \mi% 

21.  600 1-c  stamps,  6  special  delivery,  P  O  dept...  s  60 
Expenses  Jamestown  exhibit.  C  P  Connolly  lOO  CO 
Organizing  expenses,  W  C  Hahn,  $60:  AE 

Holder,  $100;  C  O  Young,  $100:  W  E  Terry, 
$100;  Jacob  Tazelaar.  $100:  H  Robinson, 
$100;  E  T  Food,  $100;  M  G  Hamilton,  $100: 
Jas  Leonard.  $1U0:  E  A  Perkins,  $28;  W  B 
Cook,  $50;  J  L  Rodier,  $15;  Jos  A  Torrillo, 
$76 1.018  00 

22.  Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  June  22, '07, 

J  and  scaM>imakerslOII8,ChasEKnBer,treas      804  OD 

Boxes  to  order.  Columbia  Box  co 2UU 

Telephone  service.  The  CAP  Telephone  oo..       57  20 

20  bottles  water.  Great  Bear  Spring  co ($  oO 

Clippings,  National  Press  Intel  co 10  00 

MakI ng  and  shipping  2  frames,  W  H  Cooper       14  SI 

Ice,  Columbia  Ice  co ^.         %  80 

Gummed  labels,  Sudwarth  Printing  co. 47  60 

Re-covering  2  awnings,  R  C  M  Burton  A  Hon  18  00 
Repairing  2  machines,  Smith  Premier  Tpye- 

wriilng  CO 15  s 

Premiums  on  bonds.  National  Surety  ro 82  80 

276  No  10  envelopes  and  printing,  Buffalo 

Envelope  oo : 1S5  S 

Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  June  26,  '07, 

cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  8168,  Anna 

T  Bowen,  fin  secy  treas 1,216  00 

Organizing  expenses,  Charles  A  Sullivan 5  00 

29.  Stamps  received  and  used,  Frank  Morrison  2  K 
Disinfectant,  26o;  making  key,  26c:  postage 

due,  80c;  newspapers  and  magazines,  46ic; 

photo^  60c;  fee,  m  o,  68c;  cloth,  76o:  ex- 

ereisage    and  drayage,  $2J0;  oar  tlokets, 
1.2VJW  Bemhard .7!       1318 

Hauling  Am  Fed,  J  W  Bernhard 2  00 

2,100  l-o  stamps,  $21.60;  1,100  2-osUmps,  $22; 

P  O  dept 48  50 

2,000  2k;  stamps,  $40:  200  8k3  stamps,  $6;  800 
4-c  stamjps,  $24;  300  6-c  stamps,  $12:  800  8-c 
sUmps,  $21;  800  IOks  stamps.  $80;  P  O  dept.      116  00 

Organizing  expenses,  Sam  De  Nedrey 10  66 

Expenses  to  Northampton,  Mass,  and  re> 

turn,  Frank  Morrison 67  M 

Postage  on  Am  Fed,  P  O  dept 22  81 

Orgainzlng  expenses,  T  H  Flynn 60  00 

5  weeks'  salary,  oflloe  employes.  E  Valesh, 
$126;  l\]A  weeks)  J  Kelly,  $00.66;  R  Lee 
Guard,  $116:  D  F  Manning.  $01.84:  J  W 
Bernhard.  $96;  L  A  Gaver,$90;  L  A  Sterne, 
$00:  F  C  Alexander.  $90;  A  G  Russell,  $89  61; 
J  W  Lowe,  $90;  A  L  McCoy,  $86;  D  L  Brad- 
ley, $86:  (4  weeks)  J  Gallaher,  $81.88;  F  L 
Faber, $80 8K:  Z  M  Manverse,$80;  A  H  Bos- 
well,  $80:  I  M  Rodier,  $74.81:  T  E  Fawkes, 
$75;  E  M  Peacock,  $75;  I  V  Kahe,  $76;  (8 
weeks)  \  McClellan.  $15;  I  M  Lauber.  $76; 
J  H  Janney,  $72.10;  W  H  Howl  In,  $70;  G  A 

PARK  AVENUE  HOTEL 


Park  (4th)  Ave.,  32d  and  33d  Sts. 
New  TorK  City 

THE  PARK  AVENUE  can  be  reached  for  one  fare  by  electric 
cars  from  all  railroad  stations,  ferries  and  steamship  piers. 
Within  easy  access  of  the  great  shopping  district,  theatres 
and  all  places  of  amusement  and  interest. 

Tmlmphonm  Smrolcm  In  Evmry  J^oom 

SUBWAY  STATION  IN  FRONT  OF  HOTEL 
First-class  Accommodations  at  Moderate 
Prices.      Cuisine  and  Service  Unsurpassed. 

REED  ft  BARN^p^Ov^roprietors 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


587 


ERNEST      SINO I 

MEN'S  and  YOUNG  MEN'S 

CLOTHING 

FURNISHING  AND  HATS 


The  double  guarantee  of  strictly  one  price  or 
money  refunded  on  any  unsatisfactory  pur- 
chase "goes  with  every  sale  we  make      ::      :: 


25  and  27  Third  Avenue 
New  York  City 

29.  Boswell,t60;  D  J  Nielsen, $50;  BSThomaB. 
$00;  L  Black.  S60.58;  (2%  weeks)  M  C  Hatch, 
182:  C  C  Jones,  $48.80:  E  K  Brown  ley,  $i5; 

B  M  HolUman,  $46;  W  von  Ezdorf,  $45 $3,465  05 

AttorDey  fees,  H  Winship  Wheatley 8  00 

Organizing  expenses,  Frank  U  McCarthy, 
m.55;  G  W  Schackert,  $5;   W  H  Eskridge, 

$5;  £  E  Bankson,  $2;  E  D  Blatbrow,  $10 72  55 

Attorney  fees,  Ralston  ASiddons 41 

50O  copies  bulletins.  Law  Reporter  co 5  00 

Printing  June  Ah  Fkd,  Law  Reporter  co 472  47 

1  fountain  pen.  Law  Reporter  co. 4  60 

1  scrap  book,  $6.60;  printing  600  pamphlets. 
16  pp.  reprint  Am  Fed,  $5.75;  printing  5,000 
letter  beads  and  6,000  2nd  sheeU,  $81.50; 
Law  Reporter  oo —•——:•: i-.-—         ^  75 


^.  .       ,  ,.         spon 

2dc;  9  waste  baskets.  $3.60;  >^  dos  ink  eradi- 
cators,  $1.25;  800  envelopes,  $1.64;  V^  ero 
erasers,  $4.60;  K  Sro  pen  holders,  $8.76;  2 
waste  baskets,  $1.20;  repairing  1  diction- 
ary, $2.60;  1  key  ring,  5c;  1  invoice  book. 
$1.26;  1  desk  pad,  60c;  Im  fasteners,  70o;  1 
600-iMige  Letter  copy  book,  $1;  1  receipt 
book,  26c;  1  Journal,  75c;  Law  Reporter  CO..        8179 

R  R  flBtre  and  expenses,  Bamnel  Gk>moers 165  46 

Omtnlxing  expenses.  Charles  F  Bailey,  $76; 
Bernard  Wemon.  $60;  Hugh  Frayne,$100; 
T  H  Flynn.  $100;  J  D  Pierce, $76;  E  T  Flood, 
$60;  M  G  Hamilton.  $50;  Santiago  Iglesios, 
$107;  Btuart  Reid,  $60;  Herman  Robinson, 
$60;  Jacob  TaselaarJSO;  W  E  Terry.  $50;  H 
M  Walker. $60;  Cal  Wyatt,$60;  C  O  Young, 
$50;  W  C  Hahn.  $60;  John  Golden,  $48.15;  I 

WWright,$82.65 1,087  80 

Seals  (June),  J  Baomgarten  A  Sons 67  40 

Organizing  expenses,  w  B  Cook 40  00 

PrlnUnff  60,000  leafleU.  $65;  1,000  letter  circu- 
lars. $8.50;  2,000 international  lists,  $24;  1,000 
special  report  blanks.  $8.60;  corrections 
list  of  organizations,  $12;  5,000  letter  heads, 
$6.25;  5,010  whTs.  $10.50;  corrections  list  of  • 
organizers,  $6.40;  5,000  honorable  with- 
drawal cards,  $18.75;  6,000  applications  for 
membership,  $6.60;  1,000  letter  circulars, 
$4.75;  2.r00  receipts,  $2.7o:  2.000  receipts 
(dup),  tZ.75;8.000pass  words,  $7.60;  correc- 
tion list  of  organ fzatlons,$ll.20;  1,000  Trade 

UniODS.  $61.90;  The  Trades  Unionist 242  25 

Commissions  on  AM  Fkd 707  25 

One  month's  salary,  Samuel  Qompers,  pres       250  00 
One  month's  salary,  Frank  Morrison,  secy...       208  38 

Total $15.75664 

RECAPITULATION. 

Balance  on  hand  June  1.1907 $117,618  78 

BeeelpU  for  month  of  June 13,801  57 

Total 180,915  85 

Expenses  for  month  of  June 15,766  64 

BaUnoe  on  hand  July  1, 1907 115.158  71 

General  fhnd "14,222  12 

Defense  fund 100,936  69 

Total $115,158  71 

FRANK  MORRISON. 
Secretary,  A.  F.  otL. 


Charters  Issued  for  June,  1907. 

CENTRAL  BODIES 10 

LOCAL  TRADE  UNIONS 15 

FEDERAL  LABOR  UNIONS...S 9 


C.  D.  Shimer.  Pres. 
K.  S.  Shimer,  Treas. 


A.  R.  Baxter,  Vlcc-Prcs. 
A.  BoNNEY,  Secy. 


The  BANGOR  SLATE  CO. 

Quarrying  and  Manufacturing 

Genuine  Bangor  Unfading 
Black  Roofing  Slate 

Fram  tlia  ■•ml  Bandar  Qvarry 

Uriials,  Steps,  Platffms,  WalisMtlif,  Firek$aNs,  BUck- 
UtTi%,  ui  all  kINs  •(  Phwkere*  ui  Strictiral  Slate 

Bangor       -       -      Pennsylvania 


,,^/t>^^yla/n<j^ 


HARKAN 


Your  Dealer  can 
furnish  them 


2  for  2S  Gents. 


Should  he  refuse  to  do  so,  send  to  the  factory 

UNION  COLLAR  CO., 

USION  MADE.       CADILLAC/  MICH. 


Manufacturers  of 

STONE,  MARBLE,  GRANITE 

CUTTERS'  AND 

TINNERS'  MALLETS 

Indian  Clubs,  Dumb 
Bells,  Ten  Pins,  and 
Other  Athletic  Supplies 


J.  B.  HELLENBERQ  &  SON 

Coldwater,  Mlclilgft)(^i^oOgle 


588 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


TRAZER  AXLE  GREASE 

BE»T  IN  rtlE  WOeLD 

NO  WELL  EQUIPPED  STABLE 
SHOULD  BE   WITHOUT 


Frazer  Axle  Grease, 
Frazer  Harness  OIL 
Fraz£r  Harness  Soap. 


FrazBT  Stock  Foad, 
Frazer  Hoof  OiL 
Fraxer  AxU  OIL 


TRAZER  LUBRICATOR  COMRANY* 

CHICAGO  ST,   LOUIS  NEW  YORK 


mfmmmt0mM 


9ttim0^mmmtm 


Goodyear 
Lumber  Company 

MinutiClur^ri  of  Pflnnsylvanli  Whitf  Hemlock 

LUMBER 

MllJfi  on  Buffalo  and  SMftquehtfintt  RnUroad. 

CAPACITY,  800,000  FEET  PER  DAY 

GENERAL  OFFICE: 

950  Ellicott  Square, 
BUFFALO,  N.  Y. 


'Thadcmaasc- 


N€w  York  Office  s 

3  MAIDEN  LANE. 


Aik  Youf  Jeweler  for 

S.O.BIGNEY 
&  CO.'S 

Gold-Filled  Chains* 
They  are  Reliable* 

Factory ! 
ATTLEBORO.  MASS, 


UiyilizbiU  Uy  VjO^*j^iC" 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIOmST 


589 


The  F.  M.  Bo'wer  Company 

Manufacturers  of  Gas  Stoves  and  Appliances  for  Bakers  and  Confectioners 
A  Full  Line  of  Tools  and  Utensils 


165  Chambers  Street 


NeMT  YorK 


Address  D«»srtm«Bt  H 


Union  Men  Should  Use  High-Grade 
"UNION-MADE" 

SMOKING  TOBACCO 

That  t)ears  the  "Union  Label" 
"EDGEWORTH"— Plug  Slice 
"OBOID"— Granulated  Plug 
"SENSIBLE"— Sliced-Plug 

gSntldl^  r '^         THE  VERY  BEST 

CHICAOO  TRACTION :  A  History  Leglilattve  and  Politi- 
cal. By  Samuel  Wllber  Norton,  Ph.D.  Cloth,  340  paces. 
Illcutrated.  "An  able  and  oomprehenslve  hUtory."— 
Geo.  E.  Cole.  "Covers  the  street  railway  sitnatlon  flrom 
the  beginning  of  traoUon  .law-making  in  Springfield  up 
to  the  pa«8age  of  the  last  ordinancee.'*— Chicago  Record- 
Herald.  Postpaid, $1.00.  Address CarlJohnson, 400 Ash- 
land Block,  Chicago. 


The  Peoples  Security  Co. 

CAPITAL,  1200,000 
This  Company  is  organized  and  incorporated  for  the 
sole  purpose  of  affording  Full  Lsoal  Protsctlon  to  the 
members  of  Organized  Labor  collectively  and  as 
individuals. 

PROVIDES 

Osnsrai  Counsel  to  Local  Unions,  Etc.    ^  ^   ,,,     ^^ 
Lofol  Advles  furnlthed  msmbsrt  and  thoir  fOmlllos  wHh- 

out  charge. 
Claims  for  Personal  Injury.    .^    .  ^ 
Montiflcatlon  in  Case  of  Accident  by  pwldlnis  Btdfo 

and  Identification  Card,  Insuring  prompt  attention. 
FOR  ONE  DOLLAR  A  YEAR 

IfM^w^r-CkiBkre  MMiit        m  Irtiiwiy,  New  York 
Telephones  3180-3181  Franklin 


MireSewlBg 

with  less  labor,  if 
you  use  the 

NA/HITE 


See  your  White 
dealer  or  write  us 
for  details     : 


'  MlillTdll  and  ROTARY  SHUTTLE  MACHINES 

Wbtte  Sewing  Machine  Co. 

ei^CVCI^AND,  OHIO 


UNION  LABEL 
oftho 


UNITED 
HAHERS 


or   NORTH    AMERICA. 

U/BEH  yon  are  boylnf  a  PUR  HAT.  either  soft  or  stiff, 
^  see  to  it  that  the  Genuine  Union  Label  is  sewed  la  ttl 
The  Genuine  Union  Label  Is  perforated  on  the  four  edges 
esactly  the  same  as  a  postage  stamp.  If  a  retailer  has 
loose  labels  in  his  possession  and  offers  to  put  one  In  a  hat 
for  you,  do  not  patronlie  him.  Loose  labels  In  retail  stores 
are  counterfeits.  Unpn»iHpled  manufacturers  are  using 
Chem  in  order  to  get  rid  of  their  scal>-made  hats.  Tho 
Mm  B.  Stotsoo  Co.,  of  PhlladeTnhia,  Pa.,  is  a  nc 


JOHM  A.  MOPPITT,  Preoldest. 
If  ARTIM  LAWLOR,  Secretary,  Orange.  N.  J. 

II  WaTorly  Place,  Mew  Yerk  City. 


BILLIARD  and  POOL  TABLES 

BAR  FIXTURES 

BOWLING  ALLEYS 

ALL  OUR  GOODS  ARE  MADE  BY 

SKILLED  UNION  MEN 

and  bear  the 

UNION  LABEL 


4 


The 

BnmswicK-BalKe-CoUender 

Company 

227-S29  FOVITH  AVENVE  . 

N«w  Torll  CHya  by  ^OOgl 


590 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


The  first  brand  of  Union 
Tobacco  ever  produced 

SAVE  LABEL  FRONTS  FOR  PREMIUMS 


MENGEL  BOX  COMPANY 

ManuJaAurers  of 

Pails  and  Boxes 


Louisville 


Kentucky^ 


Where  intelligent  and 
honest  labor  is  em- 
ployed, good  material 
used,  the  result  must 
be  evident,  as  is  the 
case  with*  all  brands 
I     brewed  by  the     I 

d)ttttan0a0tt 
prifttiing  Ca. 

CHATTANdOGA     •     TENN. 


OHCE  TRIED,  JILWm  USED. 


BAB-KEEPERS 

Cfriend': 


)    HIGHEST  AWARD 
-  vVorld'sPaJr.ChkafO 

St  LcuJ5*  1904 


4t**aiA*  Citti^ 


idfrpH^ifl^MK 


BAR  FIXTURES, 
DRAIIV  BOARDS 

Tin,  ZlnOi  Grdiftfl,  Capper, 
Nickel  &n^  all  KUcnsft  nf\<l 

Piati^d  Ulcnsiig* 
Qiasi.  WQOif,  Mari3l«,  Wof 

cm^rn.  Etc* 


Sold  by  DeaJers 

An  Over  Iti^  World 

Pricefl,  10  and 

35  C«nt5 


FOR  THE 
BEST   BAND    fNSTRUMENTS 

At  Ike  Lowest  Utiiic  PiricM  PcMible  to  Qyole 

CONSULT  THE  HOUSE  OF  YORK 

J.  W.  YORK  &  SONS,  Grand  Rapidt,  Mich. 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


591 


G  A  R  L  O  C  R 
PACKINGS 


"Writ*  for  Cat^otf«i«  No.  98  « 

THE  GARLOCK  PACKING  CO. 

Head  Office  and  Factory  -  PALHTKA.  N.T. 
BraadiM  in  all  PfiBd^Al  CIUm 


John  W.Masury&Son 

Paints  and 
Varnishes 


New  York 


Cblcago 


Reciprocity! 

BUY 
UNION  STAMP 

..SHOES.. 

the  best  made 


Buy  shoes  made  with  the  Union  Stamp. 
A  guarantee  of  good  wage  conditions  and 
well  treated  shoe  workers.  No  higher  in 
cost  than  shoes  without  the  Union  Stamp. 

INSIST 

upon  having  Union  Stamp  Shoes.  If  your 
dealer  cannot  supply  you  write 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers'  Union 

24fi  Snoimer  Street  :;  Boston,  Mass. 


HUNDY 
ENGINES 

For  All  Pt&rposes 

Mud  Dredging 
Dock  Building 
Coal  Hoisting 
Bridge  Erecting 
Pile  Driving 
Mining 

3eo  OUr*r«Bt  StjrlM  Quarrying 

Send  for  Catalogue 

J.  S.  MUNDY 

In  Suecmamful  Opmtatlon  S3  Tmarm 

22  to  34  Prospect  St.,  Ne^w^arR^N.  J. 

JAMBS  THOMAS,  Prest.  ROWLAND  T.  DAVIS,  Viee-Prnt. 

ROWLAUD  D.  THOMAS  Tnas.  MDd  Mgr. 
QBO.  DAVIBS,  Seer-  and  Pur.  Agt. 

Davies  &  Thomas  Co. 

Foundry  and 
Machine  Works 

CATASAUQUA.PA. 

HORN  &  THOMJS.  Gen' I  AztnUi, 


Htvemeyer  Buildiat.    * 

26  ConiMndt  St.,  New  York. 


N.  T.  mepbone  406i  CortUndt 
CaUsauqui  TeltpboneitSl 


HART  &  GROUSE 
COMPANY 

Royal  Boilers 

AND 

New  York 
Radiators 


BRANCHESt 

NEW  YORK  -  235  Water  Street 
CHICAGO  -        -         79  Uke  Street  • 

COLUMBUS  -  Poplar  and  Henry  Streets 
DALLAS  -  .  .  659  Elm  Street 
MINNEAPOLIS     742  Lumber  Ezchangi^ 


592 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


SANDUSKY  TOOL  CO.,  SandusKr.  Ohio 

MmuaimcHmnm  of 

Planes,  Plane  Irons,  Hoes,  Mallets,  Handles.  Bench  and  Hand  Screws,  Cooper  and  Cabinet  Makers* 
Tools,  Planer  Knives,  Molding  Bits.  All  Plane  Irons  warranted  and  guaranteed  to  be  the  Best  on  the 
Market.    If  your  nearest  dealer  does  not  handle  our  goods,  order  direct  from  the  factory. 

N«w  T«rll  0 AcM  i  SI  WAllKN  STIBIT.  HIW  TOIK  CITT.  U.  S.  A. 


New 

YorK 

Ground 

Clomp 


For  eonnectlDg  telephone  ground  wires  to  pipes  ud 
cables.  Cheaper  than  a  wrapped  connection;  as  food  as  a 
soldered  connection.  Adopted  by  nearly  all  the  Bell  Tel. 
Cos.  and  most  of  the  larger  Independent  Tel.  Cos.  Samples 
free  on  application.  Write  for  list  of  other  specialties. 

Y«nk«rs8p«olaltyOo.,  Yonk«r»,  N.  Y.,U.8.A 

WCSTCRN   CLCCTRie  CO      AACNTS 

H.  C.  Robtftt  Eltctric  Supply  Co..  Phriadtlphia,  Pa. 


Do  Not  Replace  Your  Worn  Carpet 
With  a  New  One. 

The  new  one  will  harbor  dust  and  germs  and  will 
wear  out  just  the  same  as  the  old  one  did.    Our  Par- 
quetry, or  Hardwood  Floors,  are  beautiful,  clean, 
sanitary,  and  will  last  as  long  as  your  house.    Free 
Catalogue  No.  15. 

Wood-Mosaic  Flooring  Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y.       New  Albany  N.  Y. 

CALCIMO 

The  Painters'  Cold  Water  Kalsomine 

because  U  is  bound  wUh  hide  stock 
anifualglue,  and  is  readily  soluble  in 
cold  water.    Calcimo  requires  no  ice 
in  summer  nor  stove  in  winter.    It 
jells  on  the  hottest  summer  day,  and 
does  not  go  too  stiff  for  spreading 
during  the  cold  weather.    Calcimo 
covers  well  one  coat,  can  be  recoated 
when  necessary,  and  spreads  easily. 

"RED  CROSS" 

PIPE  JOINT  COMPOUND 

HaKei  tWht  JoInU  that  stay  tUkt. 
Ready  to  ate;  Cleam  Nevar  hardani . 
Joints  come  a]iart  eat lly^  and  every 
can  if  warranted  to  do  all  we  claim. 
Slayly  giT*  It  a  trial,  thaa  yam  wiU  kaaw 
Its  ralma.         Samylat  fraa. 

Kalsommers  and  decorative  painters 
find  it  less  expensive  than  any  other 
kalsomine— also  that  it  gives  satisfac- 
tory results. 

THE  MURALO  COMPANY 

New  Brighton,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y. 

BRANCH  OFFICES  AND  WAREHOUSES: 
24.2«  Market  St.,      .       -       -       Chleafo,  lU. 

6>^e  EDGCCOMBC   CO. 

C«yBh»tfa  rail*.  Okl* 

322  W.  GcMstet  St.,       -       -       Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
Car.  Battenr  and  Filbert  Sta.,    •       San  Franciaeo,  Cal. 

SHAVING  BRUSHES 


The  BRISTLE  Won't  Come 
Outl    *»=  --^d  50  Cents 


Get  The  BRUSH  That^s 
GUARANTEED 


*,  \D^    BY 


TheRUBBERSET  BRUSH  COMPANY 

NEWARK,  N.  J. 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


593 


Interlocking  Rubber  Tiling 


Is  noiseless,  non-slippery,  waterproof,  and 
thoroughly  sanitary,  more  durable  than  stone 
or  earthen  tiles,  elegant  in  appearance,  manu- 
factured in  a  carefully  selected  variety  of  colors. 
Endorsed  by  the  best  architects  and  engineers. 
A  perfect  fl  >or  for  business  offices,  banking 
rooms,  court  rooms,  vestibules,  halls,  billiard 
rooms,  smoking  rooms,  cafes,  libraries, 
churches,  hospitals,  hotels,  bath  rooms, 
kitchens,  etc. 

Samples,  estimates,  and  special  designs  fur- 
nished upon  application. 

Beware  of  infringers.    Patented. 
Manufactured  solely  by 

NEW  YORK  BELTING  S  PACKING  Co^  Lt(L, 
93  aod  93  Chambers  St^  New  York. 


Right  from  the  Heart! 


THE  L.C.  SMITH  &  BROS.TYPEWRITER 
\  (WHtlni  ENTIBELY  In  Sl^t) 

is  perfected  from  the  center  out. 

Every  useful  device  inbuilt  in  its 
proper  place  to  do  its  work  by  the 
shortest  cut 

No  jumble  of  "improvements" 
boxed  in  to  keep  it  from  being  seen. 
Nothing  concealed, — nothing  to  be 
ashamed  of! 

Illustrated  Catalogue  Free. 
L.  C.  SMITH  C&  BPOS.  TYPEWRITER  CO. 

SYRACUSE.  N.  Y.,  U.  S.  A. 
Braachei  in  Principal  Cities. 


BIRMINGHAM 

ts  the  Most  Progressive  City 
IN  THE  SOUTH 


And  points  with  particular 
pride  to  her  Street  Car  Ser- 
vice as  one  index  to  her 
thoroughly  modem  ways    : 


Birmiflfham 

Railway,  Light  &  Power 

Company 


BIRMINGHAM 


ALABAMA 


lAGER  BEER 


BOTTLLD  tTiV  BRC.WERY 

Digitizod  by  V  jOOQLC 


594 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


JUSTUS  VON  LEN6ERKE,  President.  C.  W.  SHAFFER,  Sec'y  and  Gen.  Mgr.  ERNST  DETMOLO.  Treaeurer. 

If  you  are  not  in  favor  of  the  "  Powder  Trust" 
buy  your  dynamite  and  blasting  supplies  of  the 

NATIONAL  POWDER  COMPANY 


353  FIFTH  AVE. 


NEW  YORK  CITY 


•  Vanif  "  Ratchet  Sertw  Drmr. 


iPCTL'tra 


••  Yankee  »•  Ratchet  Screw  DHver  with  finger  turn  on  blade. 


Yankee^*  Automatic  DriU  unih  Magazine /or  Drill  Points, 


••YanJtee'*  Reciprocating  Drttt Jbr  H^oodcrM^tmL 


'YANKEE' 
TOOLS 


are  the  newest,  cleTerestaad 
most  satisfactory  In  me,  and 
the  first  to  lie  offered  it  so 
reasonable!  price  that  every 
np-to-date  mechanic  covld 
buy  tools  of  their  quality  and 
character. 

Other  tools  are  very  food 
tools,  but  "Yankee"  Toob 
are  better. 

••Yankee"  Tools  are  sold 
by  all  leading  dealers  In  tools 
and  hardware  everywtiere. 
Ask  your  dealer  ti) 


FREE  ON  APPLICATION  TO-        UHIGH  AVENUE  AND  AMERICAN  STREET,  PHILADELPHIA. 


OUR  "YANKEE"  TOOL  BOOK 
TELLS  ALL  ABOUT  THESE  AND 


C  A.  WILLEY  COMPANY 
Color  Grinders 


AND 


MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Specialties  in  Carriagre  and  Car  Paints, 
G>Iors,  Etc* 

Nott  and  Vernon  Avenues 
Hunter^s  Point,       -       NEV  YORK  OTY. 


BERRY  BROTHERS 

LIMITED 
ESTABLISVED  1868 

Manufacturers  of  every  grade  of 

Varnish  and  Japan 

FOR  EVERY  USE  KNOWN 


New  York      Philadelphia        Chicaf  e 

IttPtAllitT.        MM  MO    4TM  ST.        M-tOUUCISr. 


Boston 


8t. 

««f  so.  4TW  IT. 


Baltimore 


Cincinnati      8an  Fraadtce 

«M  HMN  ST.         .    MS  NOWMM  •'. 


FACTORY  AND  MAIN  DFFIGE,  DETMIT 

Canadian  Factory,  WalkervUle^.Oat. 

DiyiiiiLU  Uv  VjOOQLg 


^mnSm 


AMERICA  N  FEDERA  TIONIST 


595 


Your  iSpare  Time 
Turned  Into  Money. 


$ 
$ 
$ 


Any  wide-awake  union  man  can  earn 
money  in  his  spare  time  by  securing 
subscribers  for  the 

American  Federationist 

A  few  hours'  work  in  the  union  hall 
or  among  his  shop  mates  will  give 
surprising  results. 

Some  of  our  agents  are  sending  over 
a  hundred  names  as  the  result  of  can- 
vassing among  their  friends  during 
odd  hours. 

Write  to  this  office  for  sample  copies, 
descriptive  booklets  and  rates  of  com 
mission. 


The  American  Federationist 


SHOULD  BE  IN  EVERY  HOME. 

subscription 


I  n  ft    ^  copy 

I  U  U«       from  newsdealers, 


.    $r^T 


This  is  the  Label  of  the 

Journeymen  Tailors'  Union 
of  America 


When  you  purchase  Custom 
Made  Clothing  insist  on  having 
this  Label  attached  to  each  gar- 
ment. 

JOHN  B.  LENNON, 

General  Secretary. 


Here' 


Opportuniiy 


AreYoutheNan? 


If  an  einploytr  should  say  to  >'oUk  "I  want 
a  man  for  an  iiisp^jrtant  position/*  fliould  you 
bt  the  hjihi  Ttian  ?  Opporlunitk'?  like  this 
art?  cominji?  eonatantly  to  men  traint-d  by  the 

an  institLitjori  thai  ijuali fit's  p'r^n  in  take 
ads'anta,|^fe  tjf  evcty  opt^nin^^  in  «.Mn>mAni1 
hiiifh  sal?iriea;  t*j  s\itL'ce'd  in  the  Lrf-t  (rtj-iit'^'Jiii^. 
EiTiipUi'ycn>  are  daily  applylinj?  l^i  the  Btti* 
rJent^'  Aid  Lk-partmcnt  Lif  the  I,  V.  !>,  hir  men 
to  fill  pcv^itionst  af  rtntp^msibiiil v.  ^"'►i  'hiring 
May  tyf  this  y*.*tir  447  st^idtrTu .  volunl^ily 
reyiortL'it  advancement  in  7iocstiijri^i  utuI  5t;U- 
arinSi  and  thj^  was  hut  a  finiaU  ]ian  iif  the 
wh'fkt  rmrtilH^r  ndvanced. 

WJiy    iliin't    YOU    get   in  Hne   fur  a    fc>tifjd 
pi'iitifjH^     Ku  maltdr  wha  yuu  ap*T,  whnt 
ti]  ilit  or  how  little  vhiti  ^atu,  the 
C-  5.   can   bt-lp   yon    in   ynur  o*^'n 
humt'.  in  your  i^psir^   tiwc.  £f)r  n 
be  tier  poiiitiun  gnd  i^arTini^?,,    Tht.' 
fir^t   ^Ipp  it>  tL>  mail    i'u\=  L-mi^jftn. 
J I  ci^sta  not  bine  tn   do  thkand 
iviSI    brinks  vim  iiifstrin^iioM  iniil 
)n-lji   thut    miiv  (jvi.'nltii«lly  ^^' 
■wurth  th-msandift  ul  titjllars.    MAIL 
IT  NOW* 


Internatlo.^al  Correspondence  Schools 
Box  344.  SCRANTON.   PA. 

Please  explain,  without  further  obligation  on  my  part,  how 
I  can  qualify  fur  a  larger  salary  and  advancement  to  the  posi- 
tion before  which  I  have  marked  X. 


Bookkeeper 
Btenoffrapher 
Advertieement  Writer 
Show-Card  Writer 
Window  Trimmer 
Mechanical  Draftaman 
Ornamental  Deai^ner 
Illustrator 
Civil  Service 
Chemist 

Textile  Mill  Sapt. 
Frenoh    }  With  Edison 
Spanish  )  Phonograph 


Eleotrloian 
Eleotrioal  Bngineer 
Eleotrio-LfghiiDg  Supt. 
Mechanical  Engineer 
Surveyor 

Stationary  Engineer 
Civil  Engineer 
Buildi  ng  Contractor 
Architectural  Draftsman 
Architect 

Structural  Engineer 
Foreman  Plumber 
Mining  Engineer 


Name- 


Street  and  No 
City 


.<?f^ized  by 


i^oogle 


596 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


TWIST  DRILLS 

traob"^^  mark 

Drill  SOCKETS  | 

REAMERS 

^^  ^ 

CUTTERS 

TAPS      ^^ 

^ 

Ettablitbtd  1874 
liieorporat«d19D4 

^ 

,,.       BITS,&c. 

^^^^^ 

The  Cleveland  Twist  Drill  Co. 

^^^55^ 

CLKVKLAND 

^^^ 

irCW  YORK 

^^^^ 

CHICAGO 

CURES 

HEADACHES 

^'^lO  cents -^ 


UNITED  CLOTH  HAT  AND 
CAP  MAKERS 

OF  NORTH  AMERIOA. 

NEW  YORK   CITY. 


The  only  genuine  Label  indorsed  by  American 

Federation  of  Lapor  and  Organized 

Labor  in  general. 


^'SAFETY" 

Insulated  Wires  and  Cables 

FOR  ALL  PURPOSES 
THE  SAFETY 

INSULATED  WIRE  AND  CABLE  CO. 
Ba^onne,  N.  J. 


Mrs>  Winslow's  EDothlsg  Synip 


reared V  f isr  Dl  Alum<K A*  8ctl<*  br  Drnirifirta  In 

j.^w-ii    ft.,,  (htrijf  if 
TwL-.nij-iiva.  cci^ifc 


Kood  ind  Dnur^  Act,  Jtijio  iW 
AJCOU>  AND  WELl 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST  597 


FLEISCHMANN'S 

COMPRESSED  YEAST 
HAS  NO  EQUAL 


Digitized  by 


Google 


598  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

''Union^made  GlQues  and  Mittens  byMaiV 

You  can  SAVE  MONEY  by  wearing  our  GLOVES  and  MITTENS.  PRICES  are  RIGHT 
and  MATERIAL  is  the  BEST.  You  will  find  no  seams  around  the  THUMBS  of  our  goods, 
which  insures  you  much  longer  wear.     Prices  as  follows: 

Grain  Reindeer  Glove,  gauntlet  or  short  wrist,  $1.00 

Grain  Horsehide  Glove,  gauntlet  or  short  wrist,  85c. 

*  Grain  Reindeer  Mitten,  $1.00;  Horsehide  Mitten,  85c. 

No  extra  charge  for  lining.  To  order  gloves  lay  hand  flat  on  paper,  fingers  extended,  and  trace  around 
with  pencil  and  MAIL  TO  US  with  money-order,  stating  material  and  style  wanted,  and  same  will  be  mailed 
to  your  home.    GIVE  U?  A  TRIAL. 

BROTHERHOOD  GLOVE  CO.,  Battle  CreeK,  Mich. 


r*^ — ■■'■■ — ■'■ — ■-■ — *^' — ■-■■ — ■■'■■ — ■-■ — ^•^ 

DO  YOU  WANT  GOOD  RELIABLE 

RUBBERS? 

If  you  want  Rubber  Boots  and  Shoes  of  High  Quality  and  Established 
Reputation,  Rubbers  that  will  Wear  and  Satisfy,  ask  your  Dealer  for 
any  of  these  Brands: 

AMERICAN     BOSTON  RUBBER  SHOE       CANDEE 
MEYER  WALES-GOODYEAR  WOONSOCXET 

These  are  all  Famous  Old  Brands.  Most  of  them  have  been  on  the  market  over 
fifty  years,  and  every  pair  i&  stamped  with  its  name.    They  are  sold  by  the 

UNITED  STATES  RUBBER  COMPANY 

And  by  100,000  Shoe  Dealers  all  over  the  United  States. 
L.^ :. :. ^.^.-.^ :,: ■-.: :.. ,A 

Ball  WatcHes 

Built  in  light,  healthy  shops,  by  well- 
paid,  skilled  labor — you  know  that  means 

best-quality  product.      Try  an  ••Official       

R.R.  Standard"  for  a  year— if  you're   SHHHI^^^^    w"eJtCr«Tt;^^^!^o 


not  delighted  you  get  your  money  back.  "^^"^-^(S^jgp^      ^"'^;?a*w9f"^^ 


^s^ 


Send  for  Booklet  and  name  of  reliable  dealer  in  your  city  handling  the  Ball  Watches. 

THE  1¥EBB  C.  BALL  1¥ATCH  CO. 

Cleveland  Ir^fimffr 

BAI«I«  1¥ATCHKS    ARK  THK    RAII^ROAD    STANDAail 


Vol.  XIV. 


DEVOTED  TO  THE  INTERESTS  AND  VOICING  THlE  DEMANDS  OF  THE 
TRADE  UNION  MOVEMENT 


SEPTEMBER,  J907. 


No.  9 


OFFICIAL  MAGAZINE 


OF  THE 


Kmmmn 

OWNED.  CONTROLLED.  AND  PUBUSHED  BY  THE 
AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR 


EDITED  BY 

SAMUEL  GOMPERS 

PRESIDENT  OF 
AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR 


Published  Monthly  at  423-5  G  Street  N.  W.,  Washington,  D.  C 

FOR  SALE  ON  ALL  NEWS  STANDS 

Subscription  Price.  $  1 .00  a  Year  Single  Copies,  1 0  Cents 


(m) 


Digitized  by 


Google 


600  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


fr=lr=Jr=J,=l,=Jr=ir=lr=Jr=J,=lr=Jr=Jr=Jr=lr=Jr. 


I 

i 


THE  PEOPLES  NATURAL  GAS 
COM  PAN  Y^ 

General  Offices: 

248  Fourth  Avenue^  Pittsburgh 

Gas  for  Light,  Heat,  and  Power  at 
Domestic  Rates 


■Jn=l,==J=ar==ii=lt==lT=m:Jt=],==Jr=zin=J,=:]r=.f==),==Jr=)i=ln=lr=li=Ji=l^==tn=IiSIFi. 


THE  PITTSBURGH  PLATE  GLASS  COMPANY 

MANUFACTURERS  AND  JOBBERS  OF 

PLAIN  AND  BEVELED  IMIRRORS.  POLISHED  PLATE,  BENT  GUSS. 
PLATE  GLASS  FOR  DESKS  AND  TABLE  TOPS 

CARRARA  GIvASS  a  new  product  like  polished  white  marble. 
Our  facilities  for  supplying  furniture  manufacturers,  and  the  trade  with  everything  in  Plate  Glass, 
rough  or  polished,  large  or  small,  will  be  understood  when  we  state  that  we  have  eight  glass  factories, 
extending  from  Pennsylvania  to  Missouri,  and  fifteen  Mirror  Plants  located  as  follows: 

NEW  YORK  BOSTON  PHILADELPHIA  BUFFALO  CHICAGO 

ST.  LOUIS  MINNEAPOLIS       ATLANTA  KOKOMO,  IND.         CINCINNATI 

CRYSTAL  CITY.  MO.      FORD  CITY.  PA.       KANSAS  CITY.  MO.       HIGH  POINT,  N.  C.      DAVENPORT 

LARGEST  JOBBERS  OF  WINDOW  GLASS  IN  THE  WORLD 

SOI^G:  DISXRIBUTERS  of  F»ATT0N'8  8UN-F»R<   or  PAINTS 
VSriRB  OI^ASS  BEST  F»ROTKCTION  AOAINST  PIRB 

It  needs  no  argument  to  show  what  advantages  may  be  derived  from  dealing  directly  with  us. 
Also  our  twenty-three  jobbing  »  ouses  carry  heavy  stocks  In  all  lines  or  Glass,  Paints,  Varnishes,  and 
Brushes,  and  are  located  in  the  cities  named  below: 

NEW  YORK-Huaaon  and  Vandam  Su.  BUFFALO.  N.  Y.-372-74.76.78  P««ri  St. 

BOSTON-41^9  Suaimry  St..  1-9  Bowkar  St.  BROOKLYYI-635-637  Fulton  St. 

CHlCAGO-442-452  Wabadi  At«.  PHILADELPHIA-Pitcairn  BkU..  Ardi  A  1  Itk Sts. 

CINCINNATl-BroiulwaT  and  Court  Su.  DAVENPORT-410^16  Scott  St. 

ST.  LOUlS-Cor.  7th  and  Markat  Su.  CLEVELAND-1430-1434  W««t  Third  St. 

MINNEAPOLlS-500.516  S.  Third  St.  OMAHA-1608-10.12  Haraoy  St. 

DETROIT-S3.59  Lamed  St..  E.  ST.  PAUL-349.351  MiiUMM»U  St. 

GRAND  RAPIDS.  M1CH.-39.41  N.  DiTiMon  St.  ATLANTA.  GA.-30^2-34  S.  Pryor  St. 

PITTSBURGH-lOl.lOa  Wood  St.  SAVANNAH,  GA.-745-749  Whoaton  St. 

MILWAUKEE.  WIS.-492-494  Market  St.  KANSAS  OTY-Fifth  and  Wyandotto  Sts. 
ROCHESTER. N.Y.-WilderBld8..Main&EzchanreSt».        BIRMINGHAM,  ALA.-2d  Are.  and  29th  St. 
BALTIMORE-221.223  W.  Pratt  St. 

Ac*nts  for  th«  Coulson  Pat«nt  Corner  Posts  snd  Bars 


Digitized  by  CjOvJvJIc 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


601 


The 

PIERCE 


Great  Arrow 


is  the  highest  priced  American  car  made.  G}mparing  the 
Arrow  with  other  American  cars,  even  the  best,  the  initial 
cost  of  an  Arrow  is  saved  over  and  over  by  the  minimum 
cost  of  maintenance.  As  the  American  motorist  learns 
to  discriminate  he  will  consider  the  additional  price  a  good 
investment  when  he  saves  both  expense  and  worry. 


The  George  N.  Pierce  Co. 

Mmmhmra  Association  Lleonsod  JiutomohUm  Manufaeturors 

752-758  Main  Street 

BUFFALO,  N.  r. 


Je 


602 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


603 


OFFICERS 

OF  THE 

AMERICAN 
FEDERATION  OF  LABOR 

1907 

SAMUEL  GOMPERS,  FRANK  MORRISON, 

PRESIDENT.  SECRETARY, 

Washington,  D.  C.  Washington,  D.  C. 

JOHN  B.  LENNON, 

TREASURER, 

Bloomington,  111. 

JAMES  DUNCAN. -         -  FIRST  VICE-PRESIDENT 

QUINCY,  MASS. 

JOHN   MITCHELL,        -  -         - SECOND  VICE-PRESIDENT 

INDIANAPOLIS.  IND. 

JAMES  O'CONNELL. -  THIRD  VICE  PRESIDENT 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

MAX  MORRIS, -       -        -        -        .        FOURTH  Vice-President 

DENVER,  COLO. 

DENIS  A.  HAYES, .*         .  .  flFTH  VICE-PRESIDENT 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

DANIEL  J.  KEEFE,      - SIXTH  VICE-PRESIDENT 

DETROIT,  MICH. 

WILLIAM  D.  HUBER, -        -        SEVENTH  Vice-President 

INDIANAPOLIS,  IND. 

JOSEPH  F.  VALENTINE,  EIGHTH  ViCE-PRESIDENT 

CINCINNATI,  OHIO.  t 

Digitized  by  V^OOQIC 


604 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONISr 


^ 


EIGHT  HOUE 


E^STA 


HAMILTON  @AI 


FA' 


NEW  YORK  CITY, 
GLOVES  "  OVERALL 


The  employees    of   the  Carhartt  Overall  factories  have  bccii 
This  means  fewer  unemployed  workers  and  a  more  decided  a 

world- 


Carhartt  Overall  and  Glove  Factories  lead.     Union  labor  oiJ 
eight- hour  work  day  has  been  established,  the  first  in  the  world 

Advance  Advocate  Magas^ine  of  r 

It  will  be  gratifying  to  all  labor  and  its  friends  to  leam  rhi 
house,  using  the  union  label  on  its  product^  but  is  now  openitiedl 


I  have  now  fully  worked   out  and   matured   my  business  ofi 
Kirst:   I  was  the  first  to  operate  factories  where  union  conditio 
Second;    The  first  to  put  the  overall  and  glove  manufacturir_ 

customei^,  and  those  who  wear  my  goods  could  invest  their  savin^^ 

business  they  were  helping  to  buildf  up, 

'Fhird:   I  have  now  established  throughout  all  my  factories  the 

willing  workers.     Eight  hours  today,  less  hours  if  need  be  liir  ibl 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


60S 


WORK  DAT 

JOSHED  BY 

HARTT,  Manufacturer. 


iORIES 


DETROIT,  TORONTO 
ONIFORMS"  TROUSERiS 


|ift:   CA»*1_*ETT  £ 


?"nfed  an  eight- hour  work  day- 

\K^Q^i  prosperity    and   contentment   throughout   the    industrial 

Jherhood LocomGtive  and  Enginet^r  s  MagazJne^  July  1st,  1907. 

tmployed  in  these  great  profit-sharing  industries  in  which  now  an 

^kerhooJ  of  Maintenance  of  Way  Employees,  July  1st,  1907, 

Ac  great  plant  of  Hamilton  Carhartt,  of  Detroit,  is  not  only  a  union 
il  an  eight-hour  work  day  basis. 

'    tican  Federationist^  Samuel  Gompers,  Editor,  July  ht,  1907. 

Banufacturing  overalls  as  planned  at  its  very  inception, 

vailed  throughout. 

less  on  a  co-operative  profit-sharing  basis  where  my  employees, 
m  the  stock  of  our  Company  and  thus  share  in  the  profit  of  the 

^^ht-hour  work  day,  which  means   higher  wage!^^  more  work  for 
morrow,  Yours  respectfully, 


V£,0'^C^^^^ 


r-^-^ 


^^f4^^% 


ioogle 


606 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


LIDGERWOOD  HOISTING  ENGINES 


STEAM  ana 
CI^KCTRIC 


For  Railroads, 

Bridge&Dock  Building, 

Contractors,  etc. 


OVER  28,000  IN  USE 


All  Lidgerwood  Hoisting  Engines 

are  built  to  gauge  on  the 

duplicate  part  system,  insuring 

quick  delivery 


DITrit*  for  Catalotfta*  and 
Ftall  Partictalars 


Lidg^eriivood  Manufacturing^  Co. 

96    I^IBKRTT   STRKKT,    fiW^'W   YORK 

BRANCH  HOUSES:         Boston        Chicago        Plttsburt        AtUnu        Clevel«nd         PblUdelpbIa         Seattle 


J 


THE  LAUTZ  COMPANY 


ln)porters  and  Dealers  in 


MARBLES  AND  ONYX 


OFFICE.  861  MAIN  ST. 

WORKS.  864  TO  876  WASHINGTON  ST.       BUFFALO,  N.  Y- 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


607 


Train  Up 
A  Child 
In  The  Way 
He  Should  Co- 

AndWhentle 
Is  Older 


He'll  Go  It 


The  pastry  and  sweetmeat  habit 
makes  pale  and  flabby  mollycoddles 
of  children,  while  too  much  meat 
develops  a  peevish  and  quarrelsome 
temperament.      Children    fed    upon 


Shredded  Wheat 


grow  up  into  sturdy,  robust  and  happy  youngsters,  with 
every  function  naturally  nourished  and  with  no  craving 
for  unnatural  or  improper  foods.  Being  rich  in  the 
proteids  Shredded  Wheat  not  only  builds  healthy  tissue 
and  good  brain  but  replenishes  all  the  energy  expend (fd 
in  study  or  play. 

A  breakfast  of  SHREDDE.D  WHEAT 
BISCUIT  with  hot  or  cold  milk  or  croam  will 
supply  all  tho  onorgy  nooded  for^vork  or  play. 
TR.ISCUIT  is  the  same  as  the  Biscuit  except 
that  it  is  compressed  into  a^vafer  and  is  used 
as  a  TOAST  for  any  meal,  instead  of  white 
flour  bread.    At  all  grocers. 

THE  NATURAL  FOOD  CO. 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y. 


608  AMERICAN  FEDERA TIONIST 


Chicago 

Philadelphia 
Baltimore 


Wells  Brothers  Company 

OF  NB-W  YORK 

Building  Contradiors 

160  Fifth  Avenue 
A[eiv  York 


The  SOLVAY  PROCESS  COMPANY 
Alkali  Manufacturers 


POST  OFFICE  ADDBESS  WOIKS  AT 

SYRACUSE,  N.  Y.  SOLVAY,  N.  Y^  aid  DETROIT,  UCH 


QENERAL  SALES  AGENTS 

WINQ  &  EVANS,  Inc. 

22  Williams  Street  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Digitized  by  V^OOQIC 


PRESIDENT 


IkM 


SAMUEL  GOMPERS,  ^  ^ 

£RiCA^*  FEOEHATION  OF  LfrBOR.  ANO  EmTOfl  B»pi¥^B/V^O@^^ 


610 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  GrasseUi  Chemical 
Company 

CLEVELAND,  OHIO 


■MIMMMMMM^^M 


ESTABLISHED  1872 


BRANCH  STORES  IN  PRINCIPAL 
CITIES 


Grand  Union  Tea  Co. 


HEADQUARTERS 

PEARL,  WATER,  FRONT  AND 

JAY  STS. 


BROOKLYN,  N.  Y. 


Digitized  by  V^OOQ  IC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIOMST 


611 


FRANK  MORRISON, 
SECRETARY,  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


612 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


H.A.  METZ&CO. 

12^  Hudson  Street 
IMEW  YORK,  IM.  Y. 


branches: 

Boston,  Mass. 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Providence,  R.  I. 
Charlotte.  N.  C. 
Atlanta,  Oa. 


Agents  for  the  United  States  and  Canada 
for  the  Products  of 


FarbwerKe  Vorm.  Heister 

Lucius  ft  Vmening 

Hoechst-on-Hain,  Germany 


branches: 

Chloaco,  III. 
San  Franoisco,  Cal. 
Montreal.  Canada 
Toronto,  Canada 
HannburCi  Oernnany 


ANILINE  COLORS       ALIZARINE  COLORS 
CHEMICALS  INDIGO  MLB 


1-ABORAXORIES: 


NEWARK.  N.  J. 


EVERYTHING  IN  THE  WAY  OF 

SHOEMAKING  TOOLS 

AND  FINDINGS 

AT  PRICES  WORTH  INVESTIGATION 


AGENCIES  IN  EVERY  SHOE  MANUFACTURING  CENTER 


UNITED  SHOE  MACHINERY  COMPANY 

205  LINCOLN  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


613 


JOHN  B.  LENNON, 

TREASURER,  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


Digitized  by 


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^4 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  Pickles  and 
Table  Condiments 
Prepared  by 
The  Williams  Bros.  Co. 
Detroit,  Michigan 
Are  the  Very  Best 
For  Sale  by  the 
Wholesale  and 
Retail  Trade  all  over  the 
United  States 


Before  Babies  Can  Talk  j> 

evidence  it  given  in  favor  of  Qp 

Borden's  Eagle  Brand   ^ 
Condensed  Milk 

Send  for  "  Bahy't  Bhgrt^hy." 
BonJM'i  CoodenKd  Milk  Coopanx 


Worcester  Brewing 
Cor|)oration 

Worcester,  Ma»». 


BREWERS  OF 


Fine  Ales,  Porter,  and  Lager  Beer 


\         ^ 


THEIR 


SUNSHINE   STOCK  ALE 


For 
Purity,  Richness,  and  Strength  is  unsurpassed 


Camrick's 

LACTO-PREPARATA 

A  pure  milk  infant's  food  and 

perfect  equivalent  for 

mothers'  milk 


CamricK's 

SOLUBLE  FOOD 

A  milk  and  cereal  food  for  infants, 
invalids,  and  dyspeptics 

ZYMOCIDE 

A  colorless,  non-poisonous  liquid 
antiseptic 

Reed  ft  CarnricK 

42  to  46  Germania  Avemie 
JERSEY  air,  NSW  jiasiT 


Digitized  by  V^OOQl€ 


AMEBIC  AN  FEDERATIONIST 


615 


JAMES  DUNCAN, 

FIRST  VICE-PRESIDENT,  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


Digitized  by 


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6t6 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


MALTOID 

(Patented) 


FLAKE  MALT 


The  Patent 
CEREJiLS 
COMPANY 

GENEVA,   N.  Y. 


BREWERS'  MEAL 


GRITS 


To  the  Public 

the  purchase  of  a  piano  is  one  of  the  most  difficult  problems  to  solve.  Reading  the  advertisements 
of  different  malcers  only  adds  to  the  puzzle,  as  many  of  them  claim  to  make  the  best  piano.  How 
can  a  layman  decide  for  and  satisfy  himself  that  he  is  obtaining  the  best  value  for  his  money?  His 
only  safeguard  will  be  to  depend  upon  the  record  and  reputation  of  a  particular  make,  rej^ardless 
of  blaring  announcements. 

Abraham  Lincoln  once  said:  "  You  can  not  fool  ail  the  people  all  the  time.*'  The  truth  of  this 
assertion  has  been  positively  demonstrated  by  the  Steinway  Piano,  which  has  stood  in  the  limelight 
of  publicity  for  over  fifty-three  years,  and  to  the  possession  of  which  at  the  present  time  122,000 
satisfied  purchasers  point  with  pride  and  affection.  The  public  jould  not  have  been  fooled  contin- 
uously for  over  half  a  century,  and  this  vast  army  of  patrons  certainly  would  not  have  invested 
upwards  of  One  Hundred  Million  Dollars  in  Steinway  Pianos  unless  they  were  convinced  that 
the  Steinway  is  the  best  piano  and  that  one  can  not  go  wrong  in  buying  a 


VtRTEOMAND,  ^mOff  tCOO 


Stem'way 

Steinway  Pianos  can  be  bought  from  any  authorized  Steinway 
dealer  at  New  York  prices,  with  cost  of  transportation  added. 

Illustrated  catalogue  and  the  little  booklet,  "The  Triumph  of  the 
Vertegrand,"  sent  on  request  and  mention  of  this  magazine. 

STS:iNV^AY  A  SONS,  Steinwax  Hall 
107  AAd  109  Xast  14tK  St.,  N«w  York 

niGili^nflhy^^OOglg 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


617 


JOHN  MITCHELL, 
SECOND  VICE-PRESIDENT,  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


Digitized  by 


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618  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

OUR  P£T  BRAND 

EVAPORATED  MILK 

Guaranteed  under  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  June  30th,  1906 


A  pure,  unsweetened  condensed  milk,  completely  sterilized. 

Prepared  of  full  cream  milk  which  has  been 

produced  under  sanitary 

rules 


Helvetia  Milk  Condensing  Coe 

HigKland,  111. 


POWER  SERVICE 


You  can't  write  letters  and  shovel  coal  at  the 
same  time.  You  can't  give  proper  attention  to 
the  important  details  of  your  business  and  at  the 
same  time  be  annoyed  by  the  petty  troubles  of  a 
private  power  plant. 

You  can  sell  us  your  products  cheaper  than  we 
can  make  them — ^we  can  sell  you  Electric  Power 
for  less  money  than  it  costs  you  to  generate  it. 

If  your  power  plant  is  located  in  Philadelphia, 
we  will  make  all  preliminary  tests  and  estimates 
free  of  charge.     May  we  serve  you? 

The  Pbiladel|>bia  Electric  Co. 

Tenth  and  8an«om  Streets 

Digitized  by  V^005l€ 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


619 


JAMES  O'CONNELL, 

THIRD  VICE-PRESIDENT,  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  O^  LABOR. 


Digitized  by 


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620 


AMERICAN  FEDBRAriOmST 


Keep  a  Sharp 
When  You 


Special  Order  or  Ready-Mad^ 

and  all  Working 

flLL  LABELS 
SEWED  IN  THE  POCKETS 

United  Garment 

116,  117  Bible  \ 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


621 


SESC^E^S^ 


o»  TO  opnpg>^ 


15&t;Ed  SY 


Lookout  for  Me 
Purchase 

Clothing,  Shirts,  Overalls,  Duck 
pen's  Clothing 

SHOULD  BE 

BY  MACHINE  STITCHING 


UNIOW  MAD€ 


ynwni 


Workers  of  America 

House,  New  York 


^6AkORO»  CtOTHirtG 


PI  TO  OPTOgP^ 


is>uiD  wt  mitnohiYy: 

UUP" 


Digitized  by' 


622  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Smoke 

WHITE  ROLLS  CIGARETTES 


The  only  Independent  Union-Made  Cigarettes 
made  in  Virginia  or  North  Carolina 


WARE-KRAMER  TOBACCO  COMPANY 

Norfolk,  Va. 


Is  Your  Street  Paved  ? 

q  If  it  isn't,  don't  you  want  the  Comfort  a.  GoodJ 
Street  Pavement  will  give  You?J 

^Talk  with  your  Neighbors  about  it  and  then —    , 

QAsk  the  proper  officials  to  pave  it  with 

BITULITHIC— it  is  more  Durable,  more 
Pleasing  and  THE  BEST. 

SOUTHERN  BITUMTHIC  COMPANY 

NASHVII.I.B,  T£NN. 

Digitized  by  LjOOQ IC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


623 


MAX  MORRIS, 
FOURTH  VICE-PRESIDENT,  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


Digitized  by 


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624  .  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


I 
I 


The  Store  Where  Your  Money  Buys  Most 


I  Not  always  the  most  quantity,  but  without  exception  the  most  merit.  5 

This  is  a  large  flourishing  Dry  Goods  Store  capable  of  supplying  the  members  of  I 

the  American  Fedferation  of  Labor  with  the  best  Goods  the  worid  affords,  price  on  the  I 

store's  own  low  cash  cost  purchasing  basis.  | 

U  If  not  neaj  enough  to  personally  come  to  the  store,  a  thoroughly  equipped  Mail  u 

|g     Order  Department  will  supply  your  needs— trained  shoppers  select  your  purchases  for  m 

1^     you  over  the  counters  from  the  regular  salespeople  just  as  you  would  yourself.  J 

Large  catalog  tells  all  about  it.     Send  for  a  copy  to  Section  A.  F.  | 


Jtsk  for  Samples  of  J\[ew  Fall  Suiting,  $L00  per  Yard. 


I 


BOGGS  ®,  BUHL  | 

I    Allegheny  P.O.  Pittsburg,  Pa.   I 

I  GalenaSignalOUCorhpany  | 


I 


FItANKLJN,  PENNSYLVANIA 

SOLE  MANUFACTURERS  OF  THE 

I         Celebrated  Galena  Coach,  Engine,  and  Car  Oils  and 
Sibley's  Perfedlion  Valve  and  Signal  Oils 

N  S 

M  H 

■  •  Guaranteed  Cost  Per  Thousand  Miles,  for  from  One  to  Floe  J 

Years,  When  Conditions  Warrant  It  I  \ 


I 
I 
I 


Maintain  Expert  Department,  which  is  an  organization  of  skilled  railway  mechanics  of 

wide  and  varied  experience.    SERVICE  OF  EXPERTS  furnished  FREE 

OF  CHARGE  to  patrons  interested  in  the  economical  use  of  oils 

Street  Railway  Lubrication  a  Specialty 

Please  write  home  oflice  for  further  particulars  CHARLES  MILLER,  President 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


625 


DENIS  A.  HAYES, 
FIFTH  VICE-PRESIDENT,  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


BEWARE  OF  IMITATIONS 


NOT  MADE  BY  A  TRUST 


The  Best  Smoke  on  Earth  for 
the  Money 

Foil  Package,  Price 


Cents 

An  unscrupulous  Manufacturer  is  push- 
ing upon  the  market  a  nnis^rable  imita- 
tion of 

CENTRAL  UNION 

trying  to  fool  smokers  by  the  name  and 
outward  appearance  of  the  package.  No 
other  manufacturer  can  make 

CENTRAL  UNION 

for  the  reason  that  they  don't  know  how. 


Central  Union  is  also  made  in  3!^  oz,  doth 
pouch,  retailing  it  lOc;  Soz.  decorated  tin  box, 
retailmir  at  25c;  16  oz.  decorated  lunch  box, 
retailing  at  50c,  

The  Genuine  can  be  Distinguished  by  Close 

Scrutiny  and  Tobacco  Workers' 

Union  Label 


Do  Not  be  Talked  into  Trying  any  Other. 
Union  Made,  in  an  Independent  Factory. 


WHat  Does 

the 

Salary 


To  draw  a  small  salary  month  aftc^ 
inonth,  year  after  year,  is  >v»ur  own  fault. 
It  is  pure  negligence  and  nothing  elsv, 
for  there  is  an  institution  ever  t^ady  to 
provide  you  with  the  qualirtcations  that 
will  enable  you  to  rise  to  the  highesl. 
Ijcst  paying  positions  in  the  profession  of 
yoiir  choice.  And  to  prove  this  the  L  C  S. 
points  to  hundreds  of  thousands  of  other 
men  who  have  sectired  advanceatent  and 
success  through  the  I,  C*  S-  plan :  to  him- 
dredji  of  others  in  worst;  circumsitanceit 
than  you  are.  whose  stories  of  ad  von  em- 
inent read  like  romance* 

Do  you  really  want  to  earn  more  salary? 
U^iuld  you  like  the  salary  bag  to  yield 
you  more  each  week  or  each  month? 
Then  make  a  definite  attempt  to  bring 
this  about  by  sending  in  this  ooi3|:io£t 
Tomorrow  never  comes*     DO  IT  TODAY. 


International  Correspondence  Schools 

Box  844,  SCRANTON.  FA. 

Hf  jiie  «!tpUia4  wltfai-iuT  further  obTii^jitloin  oe-  4Ttv  n«rt    hsm  I  dS 


Booklie«p«r 

A.^TertlBemout  Writfir 
Show- Ob  ret  Wr!it«r 
W  t  nd  o  w  Tf  1  m  ni«r 

Orn  ■  lib  fth  ti,]  'Dotigudfr 

Olvll  Servicv 
Cb.tIa^9t■ 

rr^rivi)   i  With  SdtftdB 


Elect  no -Liftitiu  WtpL 


Nam*- 


Ctiy. , 


^***^««#« 


Wi^WiTfet  iiv«V90WUiL(;f  * « #1 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


627 


AKEYOU  A 
DELEGAIE' 


THINK 
IT 


I 


pBt/yw 


Join  the  delegation 
of  good  beer 
drinkers. 

Sick  beneHts. 

Health  insurance. 

See  that  the  Beer*  Ale 
and  Porter  you  cfcink  comes 
from  these  eight  Breweries. 

Aik  for  what  joa  want  BY  NAME. 


Pittsburgh  Brewing  Co. 


^iGfft 


DlylilzuU  Uy 


Google 


628  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


''A       WORTHY      S   T  O   RE 
■  Providence  ====^== 


The  New  Jersey  Zinc  Company 


No.      7  1    Broadway^     New     York 


•Digitized  by  V^OOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


629 


DANIEL  J.  KEEFE, 
SIXTH  VICE-PRESIDENT,  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


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630  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


t  general  electric  Company 

Flat-irons 

Always  cleatiy  convenient  and  inexpensive 

G.  E.  Flat-Irons  stay  hot  under  the  hardest  work  because  the 

heat  flows  rapidly  to  the  work  and  not  into  the  air 

Designed  for  efficient  heat  transmission 


SIX-POUND  FLAT-IRON  FOR  GENERAL  USE 
Alumimim,  Bronze  or  NIckle  Finish 

Can  be  used  wherever  there  is  an 
Incandescent  Lamp 

Six-pound  Flat-Irons  for  General  Work 
Smaller  Ones  for  Sewing-room  and  Travelers 

Ask  your  local  electric  lighting  company  or  dealer  to  show 

you  a  General  Electric  Flat-iron.    Their  stock  is 

not  complete  unless  they  have  them 

Principal  Office:  Schenectady,  N.  Y. 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE  -  -        44  Broad  Street 

LONDON  OFFICE  -        -  83  Cannon  Street 

Sales  Offices  in  all  Large  Cities 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


631 


'Ji==j,=^r=^,=j^ 


jf=jf=jf^r- 


^^ 


T 


B 


TOLEDO — The  Summer  City 

Swept  by  the  Breezes  of  Lake  Erie.    DonH  Fail  to  Visit 

TOLEDO  BEACH 

The  Finest  Bathing  Beach  on  Fresh  Water.    A  16-Mile  Trolley  Ride  along  The  Beautiful 

Shores  of  Lake  Erie 


THE  CASINO— The  Famous  Amusement  Place  of  the  West 
WALBRIDGE  PARK  AND  ZOO  — The  Most  Beautiful  Natural  Park  of 

the  West 


The  Historic  Maumee  Valley,  seen  from  Trolley  Cars  which  make  a  20-Mile  Belt  up  one  side  of  the 

River  and  down  the  other.    Pronounced  by  Tourists  as  surpassing  Hudson  River  Views 

Scores  of  Beautiful  Places  to  See,  ail  Reached  by  Cars  of 

The  Toledo  Railways  &  Light  Co. 

or  Tributary  Lines 

Don't  fail  to  stop  over  at  Toledo,  the  Hustling  City  of  the  Lakes.    Special  Sight-Seeing  Trips 

Arranged  by  Toledo  Railways  and  Light  Co. 

For  Further  Information  apply  to  Passenger  Department  of  the  Road 


•J,s=Jr=Jr=J/=Jf=Jn=Jf==Jr=JfssJf=Jn=Jf=sJn=Jf=Jn 


U^ 


S7s?y= 


^Ksir=3r=ir=s)r^=Jr^r=)n=Jr=iJr^r^r=ur^Tr. 


The  Qcvcland^ 

Painesville  and  Eastern 

Railroad  G). 

OPERATING  BETWEEN 

Cleveland  Fairport 

Willoughbeach  Perry 

Willoughby  Madison 

Mentor  Geneva 

Painesville  Ashtabula 

NORTHERN  OHIO'S 
HNEST  SCENIC  ROUTE 


General  Offices 
Willoughby,  Ohio 


3^ 


^5g 


^ 


r 


THE  CLEVELAND  AND  SOUTH- 

WESTERN  TRACTION  CO. 

connects 

aEVELAND 

with 

Elyria,  Oberlin,  Lorain,  North  Amherst, 
Grafton,  Wellington,  La  Porte,  Birmingham, 
Henrietta,  Florence,  Berlin  Heights,  Berlin- 
ville,  Norwalk,  Berea,  Strongsville,  Bruns- 
wick, Medina,  Chippewa  Lake,  Seville, 
Creston,  Madisonljurg,  Wooster,  Rockport, 
South  Dover,  North  Kidgeville,  Linndale, 
and  Puritas  Springs. 

Hourly  service  between  all  of  the  above 
stations. 

Baggage  checked  in  accordance  with 
regular  baggage  rules. 

Limited  trains  stop  only  at  scheduled 
stations.  Fast  time.  Large  comfortable 
cars. 

General  Office: 


614  Garfield  BIdg.,  CLEVELAND,  OHIO 


Digitized  by  ^ 


632  AMERICAN  FEDBRATIONIST 

JoyouA  Buckeye  Home- 
Coming 

COLUHBLd,   OHIO 
^|>tember  2,  3, 4, 5,  6,  1 907 


The  Trait  of  aii  Labor  is  tlie  ContcDtment  of  Security 

q Perfect  security,  a  courteous  regard  to  the  requirements 
of  every  depositor,  and  the  atmosphere  of  plain  every  day 
banking  for  your  needs,  has  increased  the  deposits  of  the 

NATIONAL  BANK  OP  COMMERCE  ""^ 

or  NORrOLK,  VA.       " 

from  a  few  thousand  to  over  five  million  in  the  past  few 
years.  flThe  accounts  of  workingmen  are  solicited. 

Ca|>ltai  $l,«06,«t0  ^  ^  »uri>la»  $5M,M0.M 


gitiJM  By 


^ 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


653 


WILLIAM  D.  HUBER, 
SEVENTH  VICE-PRESIDENT,  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


Digitized  by 


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634 

AMERICAN  PEDERATIONIST 

1 

/ 

"^^ 

The  Prudential  Policy 

( 

fpRUOlNTJAL^:^ 

Will  provide  family  independence  for  the  future.    Funds  for  education  of 
1      children.    Freedom  in  use  of  present  Income  and  Capital.    Cash  for  later 
'      needs,  and  many  other  advantages.    You  want  the  best  in  Life  Insurance. 

^^ 

:-'j^#-^ 

The  Prudential  ha«  the  best  for  you.    Write  for  Information  of  Policies.    Dept.  112. 

^ 

si^-Sr 

The  Prudential  Insurance  Company  of  America 

Incorporated  as  a  Stock  Company  by  the  State  of  New  Jersey 

JOHN  F.  DRYDEN,  Pres't                                                            HOME  OFFICE,  Newark,  N.  J.    1 

■ 

JOHN  WIEDERHOLD                               C.  S.  WASHBURN 

Buffalo  Last  Works 

BUFFALO,  N.  Y.,    ::    :;    U.  S.  A. 

John  Wiederhold 

&  Company 

Wholesale  Manufacturers  of 

MANUP«CTUR(«S  Or 

LASTS 

CORSET  COVERS,  LADIES' 

AND  CHILDREN'S  MUSLIN 

UNDERWEAR,  ETC. 

of  Every  Description.    In  Styles,  Sizes,  and 
Measurements  of  all  Countries.      Also  Boot, 

Gaiter,  Display,  Jockey,  and  Fitter's  Trees, 

Crimps,  Clamps,  Toe  and  Instep  Stretchers. 

Clog  Soles,  Pasting  Blocks,  Dressers, 

Boot  Jacks,  Signs,  and  Crimp 

Screws 

^ 

Superior  Goods  Only 

BUFFALO  LAST  WORKS 

SCHENECTADY,  NEW  YORK 

BURWELL  PLACEy,    -   BUFFALO,  N.  Y. 

AMERICAN  DISTRICT  STEAM  CO. 

LOCKPORT,  N-  Y- 
Pioneer  in  Underground  Central  Station  Steam  Heating 

Twenty-five  Years  in  the  Business.    Three  Hundred  Plants  Constructed -in  Various  Parts  of  the  Country. 

Manufacture  Steam  Heating  Devices 
Also  Steam  Pipe  Casing,  Wooden   Water  Pipe,  and  Construct  Heating  Plants  and  Water  Systems. 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


635 


'Diamond"  Twist  Drills 
and  Reamers 

are  superior  in  quality  to  all  others 
because  material  of  Highest  Grade  is 
used  in  their  manufacture  and  skilled, 
intelligent  mechanics  use  their 
BRAINS  as  well  as  their  hands  in 
making  them. 


<^    Trks  <3> 


The  Whitman  &  Barnes 
Mfg.  Co. 

General  Sales  Office: 

CHICAGO,  ILLINOIS 

Factories: 

AKRON,  O.  CHICAGO,  ILL. 

ST. CATHARINES,  ONT. 


UNDERWOOD  TYPEWRITER  COMPANY 
NEW  YORK  OR  ANYWHERE 


Chew  BEEMAN'S  PEPSIN  GUM 


The  original 
PEPSIN  GUM 


For  Sale  by  All  Drtiggists 


FACTORIES: 
Qeteiaiid,  O.    Kansss  City,  Mo.    Newsrk,N.J.    New  Orlesns,  La.    Portlsnd,  Ore.    Toronto,  Csnsds.    London,  Enfland. 


Digitized  by 


^3Ungfe 


636 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


T*l«pKoA*  4650  CortlaAa 


GENUINE 

ROSENDALE  CEMENT 


4 


4 


MANVFACTVRKD  BY 

Consolidated    R^osendale    Cement    Companx 

F.  N.  STRANAH AN,  Sales  Atfent       26  Cortland  St.,  N.  Y.  Citx 


LINEN  COLLARS 

and  CUPP5 

ARE  STAMPED 

••Warranted   Linen •• 

ARE    YOURS? 


Quaranteed  under  the 
Pure  Pood  and  Drugs 
Act,  June  30,   1906. 

BOXXL.ED    IIM    BOND 

Joel   B.   Frazier  Whiskey 


BONNI£  BROS.,  Inc. 

I#o«&isville.  ] 

Digitized  Dy 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


637 


JOSEPH  F.  VALENTINE, 
EIGHTH  VICE-PRESIDENT,  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


638  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONISr 


The  United 
GasImprovementCompany 


GAS  ANALYSIS  APPARATUS 

BAR  PHOTOMETERS 

SPECIAL  PRESSURE  RECORDING 

GAUGES 


BROAD  AND  ARCH  STS.,  PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

BUILDERS,  LESSEES,  AND 
PURCHASERS  OF 

GASWORKS 

ORIGINATORS    AND    BUILDERS    OF    THE 

Standard  Double  Superheater  Lowe  Water 

Gas  Apparatus 


672  SETS  IN  OPERATION 


Total  Daily  Capacity,  543,340,000  Cubic  Feet 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


INDEX  TO  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


OONTBNTS  OF  MAGAZINE,  PAGE  643. 


A  Page 

Allen,  John. ....^ ....^  7*18 

Alpha  Portland  Cement  Oo 728 

Alexander  Iron  Worfce 716 

Amerie»n  Chicle  Co 6<I6 

Amerioan  District  8team  Co 681 

Antted  A  Burke  Co 739 

Arbogaat  A  Bastlan  Co ...»•  780 

Aahlaud  Eioase. 781 

AUania  Browing  &  Ice  Co 784 

Atlantic  A  Pacific  Tea  Co 758 


Baeder«  Adamson  Co 762 

BaU  WAteh  Co.,  W.  C 666 

Bangor  Hlate  Co 767 

Banner  Baking  Powder  Co 707 

Barnes  M(g.  Oo.....«. 728 

Baamg^rien  A  Sons 741 

BaUvmSt  New  York  Co 715 

Battle  Creek  Fool  Co 602 

Barker  Brand  Collars 686 

Beck  A  dons,  Joe 760 

Beckwltb-Cbandler  Co 715 

Beldlng  6t  Pranklln  Machine  Co  722 

Berry  Brothers , 747 

Bernhelmer  A  tkshwariz 751 

Blgney.  8.  O ^ 752 

Birmingham  Railway  Co 748 

BlalsdeU,  Jr.  Co..  8 786 

BoehmeA  Ranch  Co. 714 

BoggsA  Buhl 624 

Bonnie  Brothers 636 

Borden's  Condensed  Milk  Co 614 

Boanan  A  Lohinan  Co. ^^,  783 

Bosdert  Electrical  Constrnctlon 

Co 739 

Bower  Company,  The  P.  M.. 715 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers'  Union  750 

Brlggs  A  Co.,  T 780 

Browning.  King  dk  Co 787 

Brotherhood  Olove  Co 506 

Bronswlok-Balke-Collender  Go..  728 

Bryant  Electric  Co 716 

Bryden  Horse  8hoe  Co 728 

Bryant  Paper  Co 744 

Bnedlngen  Box  Co 714 

Bniblo  Last  Works 684 

Bomham  Hitchlngs  Plerson  Co  754 


OapeweU  Horse-Nail  Co...4th  Cover 

Osrhartt,  Hamilton 604-05 

Chattanooga  Brewing  Co 751 

Chandler  £  Price  Co 758 

Ohapin-Pulton  Mte.  Co 721 

Chloigo  Pnenmatlo  Tool  Co. 725 

Chicago  Dally  News. 745 

GItliens  Bank  of  Norfolk,  Va....  740 

Clarke  Brothers 741 

Clark  DistUlIng  Co.,  Ja« 780 

Clark  A  Wllklns 751 

Clereland.  PiUnesrille  and  Bast- 
em  B.  B.  Co „ 681 

ClsTeland  and  South  Western 
Tnetlon  Co. 681 


Page 

Cleveland  Twist  Drill  Co 746 

Cloth  Hat  and  Cap  Makers 746 

Cochrane  Chemical  Co 764 

Consolidated  Safety  Pin  Co 760 

Colambas  Buckeye  Homecom- 
ing   .* 682 

Contoocook  Mills  Co 740 

Oonsamers  Brewing  Co 755 

Consiolidated  Rosendale  Cemeht 

Co 686 

Corliss,  Coon  A  Co „ 786 

Colonial  Incandescent  Light 717 

Corrlgan,  McKlnney  A  Co 720 

Coca^Cola 610 

Crane  A  Co 744 

Crockett  Co.,  David  B 702 

CuUer  Mfg.  Co 714 

D 

Daufer  A  Co ; 780 

Davies  A  Thomas 747 

Delts,  Alonzo  E 756 

Demuth  GUuw  Mfg.  Co 760 

Detroit  Leather  Specialty  Co 040 

De  Voe  A  C.  T.  Raynolds  Co 720 

Dill,  J.  G 706 

Dixon  &  Caffrey 722 

Donoghue  Importing  Co 7Z$ 

Duffy  Malt  Whiskey  Co 781 

E 

Economy  Electric  Co 717 

Edgecombe  Co 749 

Edwards  &  Co 726 

"Edgeworth,"   "Oboid"     and 

"Sensible**  Tobacco. 755 

Eggert,  Chas.  H.  &  Co 760 

Elgin  National  Watch  Co 725 

Emerson  Drug  Co «..  746 

Empire  Moulding  Works 756 

Evans,  Wilkens  &  Co 705 

Evans  A  Sons,  C.  H 784 

F 

Fairbanks  Co.,  The 758 

Farwell  A  Rhines 782 

Farr  Alpaca  Co 785 

Ferry,  Weber  dk  Co 785 

Finucane  Co.,  Thos.  W 728 

Flizpatrick  A  Draper 780 

Fleischmann's  Yeast 567 

Foard  Co.,  The  Jos.  R 742 

Ford  Plate  Glass  Co.,  The  Ed- 
ward   720 

Fosburgh  Lumber  Co 727 

Eraser  Lubricator  Co 752 

G 

Galena  Signal  Oil  Co 624 

Garlock  backing  Co 750 

Garment  Workers,  United 620-21 

(«38) 


Page 

Gelershofer  Clothing  Co 758 

General  Electric  Co ..»  680 

Gera  Mills 722 

Gilbert  &  Barker  Mfg.  Co 72S 

Glendinnlng,  Tuos.  A 712 

Globe  Tobacco  Co 751 

Globe  Wire  Co...- 712 

Goodyear  Lumber  Co 752 

Golden  Gate  Mfg.  Co. 712 

Goldsmith,  C.  A 716 

Grand  Union  Tea  Oo 610 

Grasselll  Chemical  Co 610 

Guckenhelmerd^  Bros 781 

H 

Hall  Signal  Co 758 

Hall,  Thomas 789 

Ham  Mfg.  Co.,  C.T 756 

.  Hanrehan,  Thomas 714 

Hnnson  A  Van  Winkle  Co 718 

Hart  A  Crouse  Co 750 

Hartford  Bngine  Works »....  758 

Hatters.  United  760 

Helvetia  Milk  Condensing  Co...  618 

Hemingway  dk  Co ,  H.  C 780 

Hermann,  Aukam  Co 748 

Hlggenson  M^g.  ro  729 

Hobokfln  Paper  Mill  Co 744 

HomcHtead  valve  Mfg.  Co 722 

Hofftaaan.Geo.  W 751 

Hunter  Rye  Whlnkey 710 

Hunt  A  Dorman  Mfg.  Co 760 

Hutchinson,  Pierce  Co 786 

Huther  Bros 758 

Independent  Salt  Co 70i 

International    Correspondence 

School 626 

Iron  and  Glass  Dollar  Savings 

Bank 707 

J 

Jenkins,  Arthur  B 788 

Jenkins  Brothers 756 

Jewett  Refrigeiator  Co 715 

Jones.  Frank 781 

Jones  A  Son,  Lewis......... 741 

Jones*  Sons,  J.  M 748 

Joseph  A  Feiss  Co 7S7 

K 

Kappeler,  J.  H. 714 

Kaufmann  Brothers 751 

Kellogg  A  Sons  Co ,  Chas». 720 

Kennedy,  Dr.  David.  ^ 701 

Kilboume  A  Jacobs  Mfg.  Co 726 

KinnearMCK.Co  726 

Kingston  Consolidated  R.  R.  Co  745 

Kitchel,  S.  B 709 

Kuebler's  Sons,  W 780    j 

Digitized  by  V^OOQIC 


640 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  Id«al  GarmeiiU  tmr  Particular  M«ii 

Scientifically  constructed  with  an 
elastic  insertion  thatmakes  them fitand 
makes  them  comfortable  at  ail  times. ' 

The  Scriven  Improved  Elastic  Scam 
Drawers  are  made  in  a  variety  of  popular 
Fabrics,  in  full  and  knee  lengths.  For 
sale  by  good  haberdashers  generally. 

Send  for  booklet  today  describing  the  various 
styles.  This  booklet  also  contains  a  compreheu' 
stve  treatise  on  Physical  Culture  for  the  busy 

business  man.    IPs  free. 
J.  A.  SCRIVSN  CO..  SoU  Manmfactiarrrt. 
16-18  Eatt  IStli  Str««t,       -       If  ew  York 


"MORSE" 

is    a    synonym — the    world    over — 
for     triumphs     in     Tool      Making 


Arbors,  Chucks,  Counterbores, 
Countersinks,  Cutters,  Dies.  Drills, 
Gauges,  Machines,  Mandrels,  Mills, 
Reamers,  Screw  Plates,  Sleeves, 
Sockets,  Taps.  Taper  Pins,  Wrenches 

Morse  Twist  Drill  &  Machine  Go. 

New  Bedford,  MaM.,  U.  5.  A. 


ANY   ANALYSIS    OF 


Invariably  becomes  an  endorsement  of  this 
most    delicious,    refreshing    of    beverages. 


Columbus  Laboratories, 
State  Street,  Cbica^,  lU. 
Coca-Cola  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

Gentlemen:  We  beg  to  report 
result  of  analysis  of  Coca-Cola 
made  from  package  purchaaed  in 
the  open  market.  After  carefol. 
exhaustive  analysis  for  cocaine 
and  alcohol,  we  failed  to  find  any 
trace  of  either.  The  amoont  of 
caffbin  found  in  Coca-Cola  as 
prepared  for  one  glass  ia  less 
than  half  the  amount  contained 
in  a  cup  of  average  streoctb 
coffee. 

Respectfully, 

J.  A.  WISBNBR. 


5    CENTS 

EVERYWHERE 


3b»-N 


TUEN 


H2R! 


wtm 


-OSrSS^S-UffiTES 


A  great  many  Brotherhood  men  are 
juBt  wdking  up  to  the  fact  that  for  railroad- 
ing the  F.  P.  Sargent  Glove  ia  infiBttoly 
superior  to  any  other  worldng  glove  oo 
the  markeL 

DETROIT  I  BATHER  QPEaALTY  CO-.l^ 


DETROIT. 


MICHKIAN 


uiyiLizbu  uy 


UOOgLC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


641 


L  Page 

Lake  Shore  Eleotrio  R.  R.  Co....  746 

Lamed  Garter  Co ^ 9d  Cover 

LaaU  Co.,  The 606 

Laatz  Bros  A  Co 700 

Lehigh  Portland  CemeDt  Co 739 

Udserwood  Mfc.  Co 606 

Lindenmeyr  Ations,  H 714 

LoewenstelD  A  Bro.,  M 760 

Ut«hfleld  Bros 728 

LullCarrlac©  Co 742 

Lasenie  KnitUng  Mills 721 

M 

Mack  A  Co 718 

:  Mahoning  and  Shenango  R.  R. 

Co  746 

;  Mat!  Poach  Tohaoco 4th  Cover 

I  Marine  Bank,  Norfolk,  Va 788 

I  Masarv  A  Son 760 

Mast,  P.  P.  A  Co 711 

I  May  lianton  Pattern  Co 740 

I  MeCreerv  ACo  708 

!  McLanghlin  A  Co 642 

McLaln  A  Son,  E.  B 727 

I  MeClure,  John  C 721 

I  McWhinnie  Wheelbarrow  Wks  716 

Meogel  Box  Co 761 

Metropolitan  Life  Insurance  Co  748 
MeUropolltan  Paving  Brick  Co..  727 

M«>ts  ACo..  H.  A 612 

Michigan  State  Telephone  Co...  642 

Michigan  Alkali  Co 721 

,  MorrilLChaa 718 

Morse  Twist  Drill  and  Machine 

Co 640 

Mossberg  A  Co..  Frank 716 

MoselejA  Motley  Milling  Co....  788 

Mundy.  J.8 760 

MaraioCo 74» 

N 

,  Namganfiett  Brew  Co 4th  Cover 

National  Powder  Company 747 

NaUonal  MetropoliUn  Bank 738 

National  Bank  of  Commerce, 

Norfolk 682 

National  Tool  Ca 712 

NataralFood  Co 607 

New  York  Belting  &  Packi  ng  Co.  748 

New  York  Air  Brake  Co 718 

New  York   Dock  Co 742 

New  Jersey  Zinc  Co 628 

Nlcbolsen  File  Co 719 

New  Pfoceas  TwUt  DrtllCo 716 

Noreross  Company,  The. 726 

North  Brothen  JAtg.  Co 747 

Noift>lk    Bank  for  Savings  A 

Tnwt 788 

NorflMk  National  Bank. 788 

Norwood  Engineering  Co 719 

Nottingham  A  Wrenn  Co 741 

O 

Ooorr  A  RoggCo 758 

O'Qorman  &  Co 628 

Ohio  A  Western  LdmeCo 727 


Page 

Ohio  Tool  Co 711 

Oil  WeliSnpply  Co 719 

Oneida  Steel  Palley  Co 716 


Patent  Cereals  Co 616 

Payn*s  Sons  Tobacco  Co.,  B 782 

Penn  Store  Co 741 

People's  Secnrity  Co 788 

People's  Legal  Co 766 

People's  Natural  Gas  Co 600 

Peerless  SlectricCo 717 

Petersburg  Silk  Mill 767 

Pfaudler  Co.,  The 718 

Pflueger,  Fred 786 

Philadelphia  Electric  Co 618 

Pierce  Co,  Oeo.  N 601 

PitUburgh  Plate  Glass  Co 600 

Pittsburgh  Brewing  Co 627 

PitUburgh  Dispatch 706 

Pittsburgh  Rivet  Co 719 

Pittsburgh  Valve  Foundry  Co...  724 
Pompelan  Manufkicturfng  Co...  642 
Pougnkeepsie    Queen    under- 

musllns  Co 787 

PowelL  John  R 741 

Pratt  Chuck  Co «... 716 

PrenUss  Vise  Co 704 

Pritchard  Strong  Co 718 

Providence  Brewing  Co 769 

Prudential  Life  Insurance  Co...  684 


Reading  Hardware  Co 726 

Rochester  Box  A  Lumber  Co 727 

Rochester  Last  Works 726 

Rockwell.  L.  A „ 760 

Red  Star  Yeast  Co 642 

Reed  A  Bamett  (Park  Avenue 

Hotel) 708 

Reed  A  Camrick 614 

Richardson  Bros 760 

Riggs  National  Bank 748 

Rhode   Island  Perkins  Horse- 
shoe Co  728 

Roessler  A  Hasslacher  Ckem. 

Co 716 

Roeenbaum  Co 736 

Rossendale-Reddaway   Belting 

Co 766 

Royal  Baking  Powder  Co 701 

Ruppert,  J 748 

Rubberset  Brush  Co 749 


Sands-Taylor  A  Wood  Co 788 

Sandusky  Tool  Co 740 

Safety  Insulated  Wire  Co 746 

Sayre^kCo.,Jas.  R 727 

Scboellkopf  A  Co 760 

Scriven  Co.,  J.  A ^ „ 640 

Seagrave  Co 769 

Simmons  Co.,  John 789 

Slegel-Cooper  Co 8d  Cover 

Singer,  Ernest. 710 

GUoberg  A  Co.,  J.P 718 


Page 

Smith  Bros.  Typewriter  Co 748 

Solway  Process  Co 606 

Southern  Bitulithic  Co 622 

Spalding  A  Bros.,  A.  G 740 

Springfield  Breweries  Co............  782 

Springfield  Elastic  Tread  Co 711 

Springfield  Metallic  Casket  Co..  711 

Steinhardt  Bros.  A  Co 780 

Steinway  A  Sons. 616 

Stratton  Brothers 714 

Strouse,  Adler  8t  Co 787 

Stuebner.  G.  L 756 

Storm^fg.  Co 714 

Stowell  Mfg.  Co 767 

Sweet,  Orr  &  Co ....8d  Cover 


Tailors,  Journeymen 787 

Tllley  ACo 727 

Toledo  Railways  A  Light  Co 681 


Union  Collar  Co ^ 711 

Union  Stove  Works 724 

Underwood  Typewriter  Co 686 

United  States  RubberCo 698 

United  Stotes  Tobacco  Co 626 

United  Gas  Improvement  Co....  688 

United  Shoe  Machinery  Co 612 

Utica  Home  Telephone  Co 741 


Vacuum  Oil  Co 724 


Wales  Lines  Co.,  H 729 

Ware-Kramer  Tobacco  Co 622 

Warren  Electric  &  Specialty  Co.  717 
Washington  Coal  A  Coke  Co......  742 

Washington  Loan  A  Trust  Co....  788 

Watson  A  Mc  Daniel  Co 724 

Wells  Bros.  Co 608 

West  End  Brewing  Co 784 

West  Lumber  Co 769 

WestSlde  Bank 788 

Whitman  A  Barnes  Mfg.  Co 686 

White  Sewing  Machine  Co 716 

White  Co.,  R.H 720 

Whltmore  Mfg.  Co 744 

Wiederhold&  Co.,  John 684 

Williams  Bros.  Co 614 

Wllley  CO..C.  A 747 

Winsiow  Soothing  Syrup 746 

Wood  Mosaic  Flooring  Co 749 

Wolfe  Brush  Co 786 

Worcester  Brewing  Corporation  614 

Wright  A  Taylor .VT. 702 

WuesthoffCo.,  Paul 784 

WyckofT  A  Son  Co 727 


Yonkers  Specialty  Co 749 

Z 
Zipp  Utg,  Co 766 


ot'Oo 


Digitized  by 


Google 


642 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Red  Star 

COnPRBSSBD 

Yeast 
Co. 

nilwaukte. 

Wis. 


Michigan  State  Telephone 


I 


General  Offices    -    Detroit,  Mich. 

OPERATES  AND  CONNECTS  WITH 

400  EXCHANGES  IN 
MICHIGAN 

118,674  SUBSCRIBERS 
WITHIN  THE  STATE 

ALSO    CONNECTS    WITH    ALL    CITIES 

AND    TOWNS   IN    THE    UNITED 

STATES  BY  DIRECT  WIRE. 

GOOD  SERVICE 
AND  REASONABLE  RATES 

APPLY  TO  ANY  MANAGER  FOR 
INFORMATION. 


I 


J 


After  your  day's  work 

NOTHING  is  MORE  REFRESHING 
THAN  A  FACIAL  MASSAGE  with 


Pompeian 
Massage  Cream 


[T  REMOVES  imbedded  pore-dirt  and 
grease  that  loap  cannot  reach — and  in 
addition  it  increaaes  the  blood  circula- 
tion, relaxes  the  muscles,  and  makes  the 
flesh  firm  and  the  complexion  clear. 
CDo  not  allow  your  druggist  to  sell  you 
an  imitation  nor  let  your  barber  use  a  sub- 
stitute. Imitations  do  not  do  the  work, 
and  may  do  harm.  Look  for  the  trade 
mark  on  the  bottle  and  see  that  the  word 
Pompeian  is  there. 

^Send/or /res  sample. 


The  Pompeian  Mfg  Company 


98  Prospect  Street 


Clcrdand,  Ohio 


McLaugKlin^s  XX XX  Coffee 


Popular  for  Its 

Real  Goodness)  and 

Reasonable  Price 


ROASTED  RIGHT 


UNION  LABOR 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 
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American  Federationist 


SAMUEL  GOMPERS.  Editor 


Official  Magazine  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 


1907 


Contents  for  September. 

THAT  CAPITALIST  WAR  FUND  .645 

A  Symposium  by  the  Following  Writeril: 

Jambs  Duncan.  J.  A.  Cablk.  John  H.  Brinkman. 

John  Roach.  Samubl  L.  Landbrs.  Arthur  E.  Holdbr. 

G.  W.  Pbrkins.  Stuart  Rbid.  Jbromb  Jonbs. 

J.  W.  KuNB.  R.  L-  Harpbr.  W.  F.  Costbllo. 

Jambs  M.  Lynch.  John  Goldbn.  J.  C.  Skbmp. 

JBRB  L.  SUWJVAN.  OWBN  MiLLBR.  F.  T.  Hawi^BY. 

Wm.  J.  GiWHORPB.  Max  P.  Moritz.  P.  J.  McArdi«b. 

W.  Macarthur.  W.  D.  Mahon.  Marcus  M.  Marks. 

EDITORIAL 668 

By  SAMUEL  QOliPERS,  Pretident,  American  Federation  of  Labor. 

Labor  Day  Greeting  and  Warning. 
Haywood  Not  Guilty. 
Pinkertonism  and  Organized  Labor. 
Go  To— With  Your  War  Fund. 

Red  Letter  Day  •        .        .        .        .        678 

First  Interstate  Convention  of  National  Women's  Trade  Union  League. 
By  MARY  E.  McDOWELL. 

An  Instructive  Exhjbit  -681 

By  EVA  McDonald  valesh. 

What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing      ....        690 

Official  699 

Financial  Statement 700 

.      ^"^^  Digitized  by  V^OOgle 


UNION  LABEL  BULLETIN. 

bmed  by  the  Araericui  Fedewtioo  ol  Labor  June,  1906. 


Copynchl  by  Iho  AflKfmii  rcomtiop  of  l.jihof.    All  nchlB  raerwd* 

DEMAND  THE  UNION  LABEL. 


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DEVOTED  TO  THE  INTERESTS  AND  VOICING  THE  DEMANDS  OF  THE 
TRADE  UNION   MOVEMENT 


Vol.  XIV. 


SEPTEMBER,  J907. 


No,  9 


THAT  CAPITALIST 

WAR  FUND 


A  SYMPOSIUM  BY  MEN  WHO  THINK  AND  ACT 


James  Duncan, 


Fir»t  Vice-President,  American  Federation  of  Labor. 

As  Labor's  Independence  Day  (this  year 
September  2)  brings  thoughts  of  emanci- 
pation from  cruel,  unjust,  or  unfair  condi- 
tions, it  sounds  like  a  travesty  to  find  in 
Mr.  Van  Cleave's  address  to  the  National 
Association  of  Manufacturers  that  he  had 
need  for  a  fund  of  a  million  and  a  half 
dollars  to  be  distributed  over  three  years 
'to  fight  industrial  oppression."  Could  it 
have  been  the  slip  of  a  word?  Perhaps,  after 
all,  he  meant  the  word  *  •effect"  instead  of 
the  word  * 'fight."  If  his  sesqui-million 
fund  is  used  at  all,  it  will  be  to  * 'effect  in- 
dustrial oppression .  *  * 


Stripped  of  verbiage,  Van  Cleave  wanted 
the  fund  to  thwart  the  progress  of  organized 
labor,  and  if  those  he  represents  are  mak- 
ing profits  sufficiently  high  to  warrant 
them  contributing  to  such  a  fund,  they  have 
not  much  of  an  argument  with  which  to 
go  before  the  public  and  claim  its  serious 
consideration.  Superficially,  he  reminds 
one  of  the  saying  immortalized  by  the  Bard 
of  Avon  and  emphasized  by  Puck,  '*What 
fools  these  mortals  be,"  and  causes  one's 
mind  to  revert  to  the  historic  event  when  a 
certain  character  perched  him  on  his  throne 
where  the  tide  rises  and  falls  twice  in  24 
hours  and  commanded  the  waves  to  keep 
back.  Van  Cleave  with  his  $500,000  per 
annum  for  three  years  will  find  himself  in 
that  position,  for  if  he  had  many  times  that 


(615) 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


amount  to  be  used  as  he  has  in  mind,  he 
could  no  more  hold  back  the  swell  of  trade 
unionism  than  can  water  be  held  back  with 
the  rise  of  the  tide. 

The  Manufacturers*  Association  is  a  pro- 
tection organization.  It  has  many  muck 
rakes.  Each  is  expected  to  bring  its  pro- 
portionate results.  To  this  end  the  first 
million  dollars  of  this  corruption  fund,  if  it 
is  raised,  may  be  applied.  Van  Cleave' s 
outfit  wants  unlimited  immigration,  especi- 
ally from  the  countries  of  the  world  where 
education  of  the  poor  is  low.  It  must  have 
a  surplus  of  that  part  of  its  * 'property" 
which  new  judicialism  calls  "labor."  This 
is  free  trade,  but  not  the  kind  which  inter- 
feres with  the  protection  on  which  this 
patriotic  (?)  organization  subsists. 

Van  Cleavism  demands  **frce  trade" 
in  labor,  but  * 'protection"  through  Con- 
gress for  its  product.  It  stands  for  the 
employment  of  children  in  mill  and  shop 
and  practices  it  in  every  direction  except- 
ing where  estopped  by  organized  labor. 

This  commercial  machine  owns  every 
sweat-shop  in  our  land. 

Has  it  ever  demanded  free  schools,  free 
school  books,  free  bath  houses  or  play- 
grounds for  children? 

Has  it  ever  been  known  to  advocate  any- 
thing for  the  uplift  of  down-trodden 
humanity? 

Has  it  ever  voluntarily  reduced  employe's 
working  hours  that  they  might  breathe 
fresh  air,  or  through  study,  enrich  and 
broaden  their  intellects? 

Has  it  ever  been  known  to  stand  for 
anything  except  its  commercial  God,  the 
almighty  dollar,  or  to  coalesce  for  any  pur- 
pose other  than  to  oppress  a  portion  of  the 
human  race? 

Thus  portrayed,  it  is  as  dung-hill  to 
diamond  to  compare  the  alleged  principles 
of  the  Van  Cleave  outfit  to  the  accomplish- 
ments and  aspirations  of  our  great  labor 
movement.  To  recount  the  thousand  and 
one  reforms,  the  latter  has  accomplished, 
would  take  too  much  space.  It  will  suffice 
to  say,  that  if  Van  Cleave  raises  the  fund 
he  asked  for,  and  uses  it  for  the  purpose 
intended,  trade-unionism  will  increase  its 
activity  four-fold.  If  anything  will  spur 
the  average  toiler  into  wholesome  protec- 
tion of  his  intere'^ts,  it  is  applying  the  goad; 
therefore*  unfair  ettiployers  will  find  us 
routing  oppression  here,  closing  a  sweat- 
shop  there,    again,    through  the  logic   of 


events  securing  new  anti-child  labor  laws, 
betimes  successfully  placing  on  the  statute 
books  of  a  state  an  act  for  free  and  com- 
pulsory education  and  anon  reducing  the 
working  hours  of  those  who  toil  more  than 
eight  in  twenty-four,  with  the  sure  con- 
comitant of  an  increase  of  pay. 

We  stand  for  equality  before  the  law, 
justice  under  it  and  for  the  cause  oi 
humanity  and  fear  no  corruption  fund,  oor 
its  sponsors. 


n 


John  Roach, 


] 


SecreUry-Treasurer,  Amalgamated  Leather  Workers. 

Mr.  Van  Cleave,  President  of  the  Na- 
tional Association  of  Manufacturers,  which 
recently  held  a  convention  in  New  York 
city,  gave  vent  to  the  following  lofty  senti- 
ments: 

We  want  to  federate  the  mannfactarers  of  thU 
country  to  effectiv^elj  fight  indnstrial  oppression. 
The  president  ought  to  have  fully  |500,000  a  year 
for  the  nert  three  years.  We  should  certainly 
provide  ways  and  means  to  properly  finance  the 
association,  to  federate  the  employers  of  the 
country,  and  to  educate  our  manufacturers  to  a 
proper  sense  of  their  own  duty,  patriotism  and 
self-interests. 

By  means  of  several  other  intellectual! 
and  economic  somersaults  he  furnished  con- 
siderable amusement,  if  not  interest,  to 
the  great  mass  of  the  public  who  read 
the  daily  press. 

Carlyle,  I  think  it  was,  who  said  that 
**the  last  refuge  of  a  detected  scoundrel  is 
patriotism.*'  Surface  signs  would  seem  t<^ 
indicate  the  existence  of  a  dense  ignorance! 
of  patriotic  duty  among  employers,  and  the 
necessity  of  a  colossal  sum  of  money  to  di* 
si  pate  it.  Also  in  connection  with  patriotic 
education  the  contemplated  kindergarteoj 
aims  to  instruct  along  lines  of  self-interc^ 
and  duty.  j 

From   quite  an  extensive  acquaintan( 
with  employers,  and  some  little  as  a 
earner,  it  would  appear  to  the  writer  t 
although  manufacturers  may  be  strange 
to  those  noble  sentiments  of  humanity  ani 
love  of  human  kind  that   prompted  Was! 
ington  to  dedicate  his  life  to  his  coantr; 
men   and  Warren  to  die  a  glorious  deat 
waving  defiance  to  the  oppressor  on  Bunk 
Hill,    the   employer  needs  no   magnUrintf! 
glass    to   detect    self-interest,    for  it  Isi! 
beacon  light  of  his  fjen^^^i^L^ence* 
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If  anything  were  needed  to  serve  notice 
on  tUe  general  public  of  the  contemplated 
program  of  this  association,  the  above 
language  is  amply  sufficient,  and  thinking 
in.'U  who  love  their  country,  its  aspirations, 
its  achievements  and  the  starry  flag  that 
represents  them,  more  than  the  dollar  sign 
and  the  black  banner  of  the  industrial 
buccaneer  are  not  deceived  by  the  Peck- 
sniffian  hypocrisy  contained  in  Mr.  Van 
Cleave' s  allusion  to  patriotism.  Of  course, 
we  understand  the  real  purpose  of  this  war 
fund  is  not  educational,  in  the  academic 
sense,  but  rather  to  establish  recruiting 
stations  where  such  as  President  Eliot's 
heroes  may  bivouac  in  peaceful  times  and 
drink  in  from  the  sapient  lips  of  the  Pro- 
fessors of  the  Golden  Calf  the  philosophy 
of  the  unclean  dollar  that  teaches  wage- 
earners  to  prey  on  each  other  like  human 
wolves  in  times  of  industrial  disputes. 

Organized  labor,  increasing  in  strength 
and  efficiency,  has  grown  to  be  a  menace 
to  those  who  cultivate  self-interest  on  the 
plan  of  Mr.  Rockefeller's  American  Beauty 
Rose,  and  if  it  is  not  checked,  the  biblical 
quotation,  ''the  poor  are  always  with  you" 
will  no  longer  be  true.  As  a  matter  of  fact, 
organized  labor  during  the  past  20  years 
has  increased  the  wage,  shortened  the  work- 
day, and  secured  legislative  protection  for 
weak  women  and  helpless  children  to  such 
an  extent  that  if  these  remarkable  inno- 
vations continue,  the  supremacy  of  the 
dollar  sign  will  be  sorely  questioned. 

In  particular,  men  of  Mr.  Van  Cleave's 
stripe  are  unalterably  opposed  to  that  part 
of  organized  labor's  program  touching 
female  and  child  labor;  the  desire  to  in- 
timidate legislatures  is  buttressed  on  the 
tendency  of  states,  where  wage-earners  are 
organized,  to  pass  laws  preventing  imma- 
ture children  and  weak  women  from  ac- 
cepting employment  dangerous  to  life  and 
health.  It  must  be  an  inspiring  sight  to 
such  men  to  visit  the  southern  cotton  mills 
where  labor  is  entirely  free  from  the  re- 
straint of  obstructive  laws  and  there  see  the 
grandeur  of  our  commercial  supremacy 
sublimely  exemplified  in  the  thin,  dull 
faces  and  flat  chests  of  little  boys  and  girls 
from  five  years  of  age  up.  Yes,  and  to 
learn  that  trade  unions  have  as  yet  struck 
no  fetters  from  the  limbs  of  free  labor,  and 
that  strong  men  may  earn  90  cents  per  day 
and  enjoy  it  in  fearless  contentment. 

Some  months  ago  Mr.  L.  W.  Parker,  a 


large  mill  employer  in  South  Carolina,  ad- 
dressed a  board  of  trade  banquet  and  out- 
lined the  beneficence  of  institutions  where 
labor  is  unorganized.  He  said  in  part: 
**As  soon  as  we  build  a  mill  we  lay  the 
foundation  of  a  school  house  and  a  church. 
Our  state  (South  Carolina)  does  not  compel 
school  attendance.  When  we  employ  a  man 
we  have  him  sign  an  agreement  which  stip- 
ulates that  he  and  all  his  children  over  12 
years  of  age  shall  work  in  the  mill.  We  do 
not  favor  labor  unions.  We  don't  want 
them.  Any  employe  attempting  to  organ- 
ize one  is  discharged." 

We  thus  see  an  active  system  of  benevo- 
lent (?)  feudalism  in  the  south  that  con- 
tains many  things  attractive  to  the  cupidity 
of  the  Van  Cleaves.  It  is  Use  majeste  to 
the  autocratic  employer  when  workmen 
dare  demand  justice,  and  revolt  if  respect- 
ful consideration  is  refused,  and,  I  doubt 
not,  a  return  of  the  good  old  days  when 
workmen  might  be  cast  into  prison  for 
striking  would  be  welcomed  by  these  noble 
and  self-sacrificing  patriots. 

Organized  labor  does  not  owe  its  exist- 
ence to  force  of  arms,  and  it  can  not  be  de- 
stroyed by  the  ignoble  mob  that  is  to  be 
recruited  by  the  manufacturers'  war  fund. 
The  patriotism  of  the  union  wage-earner  is 
no  more  like  the  self-interest  of  the  em- 
ployer than  did  the  feeling  of  the  Hessian 
correspond  with  the  noble  thought  of  the 
Minute  Men.  The  Wall  Street  Jmimal 
says: 

It  were  better  to  adopt  the  suggestion  of  Secre- 
tary Straus  and  invite  the  leaders  of  organized 
labor  to  meet  with  the  manufacturers  for  joint 
consultation  and  action.  Cooperation,  not  war, 
should  be  the  program. 

A  century  and  a  quarter  ago,  when  the 
French  people  were  demanding  constitu- 
tional consideration  and  fair  dealing  from 
Louis  Capet,  which  he  refused  to  grant, 
Mireaubeau  sounded  a  like  warning.  Mr. 
Van  Cleave,  Capet  lost  a  throne  and  his 
head.  History  contains  many  truths  which 
thoughtful  men  contemplate  and  thus  gain 
wisdom. 


G.  W.  Perkins, 


President,  International  Cigarmakerh'  Union. 

The  Manufacturers'  Association,  com- 
posed largely  of  low-wage-paying,  long- 
hour  advocates  and  that  class  of  fniplovers 

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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


who  are  blind  to  the  fact  that  there  is  a 
substantial  labor  movement,  and  one  that 
has  to  be  reckoned  with,  on  the  recommen- 
dation of  its  president,  one  Van  Cleave,  re- 
cently adopted  a  resolution  providing  for 
the  creation  of  a  million  and  a  half  war 
fund  with  which  to  combat  the  trade  union 
movement. 

The  president  pleaded  for  $500,000  per 
year  for  the  next  three  years  to  be  used  in 
an  effort  to  crush  the  spirit  of  unionism 
and  destroy  the  unions.  His  plan  was 
agreed  to  and  a  committee  of  35  appointed 
to  get  the  needful  and  place  it  at  the  dis- 
posal of  the  president  for  the  purpose  in- 
dicated. 

Let  us  look  this  question  squarely  in  the 
face,  laying  aside  entirely  the  motives,  pro- 
fessed or  real,  and  meet  the  issue  square- 
toed.  The  fact  that  this  convention  took 
steps  to  raise  this  fund  demands  our  serious 
consideration  and  action.  Judging  from  the 
calibre  and  past  actions  of  the  class  of  em- 
ployers who  follow  Post,  Parry,  and  Van 
Cleave  there  can  be  only  one  purpose  in 
mind,  and  that  is  a  determined  attempt  on 
their  part  to  destroy  the  trade  union  move- 
ment. 

Let  us  meet  them  on  this  issue.  How  to 
successfully  do  so  should  be  our  first  and 
only  concern.  If  we  do  nothing  in  addi- 
tion to  our  present  and  usual  methods  their 
eflFort  would  not  be  successful. 

However,  they  with  unlimited  funds  can 
and  will  harass  and  retard  the  growth  and 
usefulness  of  our  movement  for  a  short 
time. 

By  adopting  proper  measures  we  can 
successfully  meet  and  surely  defeat  any 
and  all  hostile  moves  on  their  part.  We 
concede  the  right  of  employers  to  meet  as 
an  association  and  their  right  to  adopt 
measures  to  protect  their  own  best  inter- 
ests; yes,  we  concede  their  right  to  raise 
$1,500,000  for  any  purpose.  But  when 
they  do  so  for  the  veiled  and  hidden  purpose 
of  destroying  our  movement,  we  deny  their 
logic,  their  fairness  and  question  their 
sanity.  No  power  on  earth  can  disrupt  or 
destroy  the  trade  union  movement.  Hostile 
influences  may  retard  its  growth  for  a  time 
if  we  do  not  adopt  proper  safeguards. 

Under  existing  conditions  it  is  absolutely 
necessary  to  adopt  proper  methods  of  meet- 
ing the  issue  not  with  cnide  or  antique 
methods,  but  with  effectual  ones. 

Every  labor  organization  should  immedi- 


ately start  collecting  a  war  fund  of  its  own, 
not  for  the  purpose  of  fighting  fair  manu- 
facturers^ but  to  offset  any  hostile  move  the 
Parry-Post-  Van  Cleave  conUnne  may  make 
against  us.  We  have  ample  data  to  prove 
that  trade  unions  which  pay  high  dues 
coupled  with  a  substantial  chain  of  benefits 
are  able  to  successfully  withstand  the 
onslaughts  of  unfair  and  hostile  employers. 

Forewarned  is  forearmed.  The  time  for 
peace  in  so  far  as  the  Van  Cleave  outfit  is 
concerned  has  passed.  Let  labor  meet  this 
crowd  with  its  own  weapons.  Our  motto 
is  fair  dealing,  with  malice  toward  none; 
but  we  must  back  it  up  in  this  instance 
with  plenty  of  war  funds.  A  certain  emi- 
nent statesman  once  said  he  believed  in  ar- 
bitration, but  always  with  a  club  in  one 
hand  with  the  olive  branch  of  peace  in  the 
other. 

We  believe  in  arbitration,  in  peace,  and 
extend  good  will  to  all  fair  ediployers. 

Stubborn  facts,  however,  prove  that  all 
manufacturers  are  not  inclined  to  be  fair  in 
their  attitude  and  treatment  of  organized 
labor. '  For  that  reason  in  this  particular 
instance  we  want  and  should  have  a  war 
fund,  not  for  the  purpose  of  fighting  legiti- 
mate, fair  union  employers,  but  that  we 
may  be  better  able  to  meet  the  hostile  at- 
tacks of  unfair  employers  of  the  Van  Cleave 
type. 

Raise  an  emergency  fund.  Five  cents  or 
ten  cents  a  week  will  soon  mount  into  mil- 
lions and  will  not  be  missed  by  you,  but  it 
will  protect  you. 

You  readily  insure  against  fire  and  death, 
why  not  insure  against  Van  Cleave?  It  is 
of  vastly  more  importance  to  you.  If  you 
were  going  through  a  field  that  you  knew 
was  full  of  snakes,  you  would  take  a  club 
with  you.  In  this  crisis  take  a  w»ar  club  in 
the  shape  of  a  full  treasury  with  you.  The 
bite  of  a  venomous  snake  is  poisonous.  If 
you  are  forced  to  go  among  them  protect 
yourself  as  best  you  can. 

Again  I  say  that  the  trade  union  move- 
ment can  not  be  destroyed  but  it  can  be 
stung.  Do  not  be  afraid  but  be  cautious. 
Do  not  turn  back  or  away  from  the  trade 
union  path,  but  always  carry  a  club  (fund) 
with  you;  it  doesn't  cost  much  and  is  much 
safer.  Try  it.  I  speak  from  experience. 
Raise  a  fund. 

We  can  not  afford  to  and  must  not  over*] 

estimate  our  present  strength.     Let  us  be 

prepared,  always  alertT^aggressivei  fair  and 

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cautums  and  we  will  stand  in  no  more 
danger  from  Van  Cleavism  than  the  ele- 
phant does  from  the  monkey. 

My  authority  is  the  proud  and  successful 
record  of  the  more  substantial  and  growing 
trade  unions  which  have  successfully  with- 
stood far  greater  opposition  than  the  Van 
Cleave  outfit  will  be  able  to  put  up.  But  be 
prepared. 


J.  W.  Kline, 


Presidcot,  Intemaiionai  Brotherhood  of  Blacksmiths. 

The  new  meteor  which,  according  to  the 
trust  press,  has  appeared  on  the  horizon  of 
the  manufacturing  interests,  is  known  to 
the  people  of  St.  Louis  as  plain  Van  Cleave, 
and  has  been  tendered  the  doubtful  honor 
of  the  presidency  of  the  National  Associa- 
tion of  Manufacturers.  This  wonder,  after 
being  subjected  to.  the  scientific  analysis  of 
experience-taught  trades  unionists,  has 
proven,  instead  of  an  intellectual  giant  or 
a  brilliant  meteor  that  compelled  awe  and 
admiration  to  be  merely  a  faulty  splenetic 
bomb^  in  fact,  a  squib  with  so.  little  real 
reason  or  force  in  its  general  make-up  that 
my  original  intention  to  give  a  brief  bio- 
graphical sketch  of  this  new  celebrity  was 
checked  by  the  thought-invoking  words 
of  Pope,  which  seem  .  to  sum  up  Van 
Cleave's  career  as  a  humatl  megaphone  for 
his  soulless  tribe,  in  the  poet's  lines  to 
Arbutbnot,  which  read  as  follows: 

Damn  with  faint  praise^  assent  with  civil  leer, 
And  without  sneering,  teach  the  rest  to  sneer; 
Willing  to  wound,  and  yet  afraid  to  strike, 
Jast  hint  a  fault,  and  hesitate  dislike. 

Men  of  the  Post,  Parry,  or  Van  Cleave 
stripe,  so  hunger  for  the  world's  recogni- 
tion that  they  are  prepared  to  make  them- 
selves ridiculous.  They  resort  to  every 
device  to  be  spectacular,  and  are  constantly 
playing  to  the  gallery  in  the  hope  of  win- 
ning cheap  applause.  Reasoning  that  such 
vanity  might  readily  misconstrue  even  an 
attempt  at  a  biographical  sketch  as  lauda- 
tory of  the  course  they  have  mapped  out 
for  themselves,  I  will  refrain  from  putting 
into  effect  my  primal  purpose  and  rather 
take  issue  with  some  of  Van  Cleave's  recent 
utterances,  at  the  associations'  annual  con- 
vention in  New  York,  \vhen  he  delivered  a 
bon-mot  of  capitalistic  wisdom  in  dealing 


with  the  child  labor  problem  in  the  follow- 
ing words: 

There  has  been  an  increase,  of  course,  since  1900, 
but  most  of  the  lamentations  on  this  subject  are 
extravagances  or  distortions,  and  are  based  on 
ignorance  or  mendacity.  For  much  of  this  child 
labor  the  greedy,  shiftless,  selfish  parents  are  as 
responsible  as  are  the  employers.  Rightly  con- 
ducted, and  so  long  as  it  does  not  interfere  with 
their  proper  education,  work  benefits  children  as 
it  does  adults.  I  favor  the  employment  of  children 
of  the  proper  age,  and  under  proper  sanitary  con- 
ditions. The  latter  restriction  should  apply  also  to 
the  employment  of  women. 

Evidently  Mr.  Van  Cleave's  charge  of 
distortion,  ignorance,  and  mendacity  is  di- 
rectly intended  for  those  valiant  souls  who 
have  laid  themselves  upon  the  altar  of  self- 
immolation  and  self-sacrifice,  to  better  the 
living  conditions  of  the  hewers  of  wood  and 
drawers  of  water,  and  have  rent  the  veil 
that  for  so  long  hid  the  hideous  and  revolt- 
ing child  slavery  from  public  knowledge 
and  view.  While  virtually  admiring  its  ex- 
istence he  pleads  for  his  kind,  who  primar- 
ily were  responsible  for  its  inauguration  by 
intimating  that  it  might  be  worse  and  then 
to  further  prove  his  class  innocent  of  the 
apparent  crime  seeks  to  fasten  the  odium 
on  the  parents,  forgetting  that  if  his  charge 
were  true  he  and  his  would  have  to  answer 
for  a  double  crime,  first,  robbing  the  parent 
of  his  or  her  earning  capacity  by  Machiavel- 
ian  cunning  that  permits  no  moral  scruples 
to  prevent  taking  advantage  of  poverty  and 
its  attendant  necessity  and  then  making  the 
continuance  of  this  diabolical  scheme  a  per- 
petual institution  by  robbing  the  children 
of  their  youth  and  forcing  them,  at  a  re- 
duced wage,  to  take  the  places  of  their 
parents  who  would  gladly  assume  the  bur- 
den of  provider  if  corpulent  money  bags 
would  but  be  merciful. 

Mr.  Van  Cleave  utters  with  unction  the 
settled  phrase,  **  rightly  conducted."  Did 
he  realize  when  he  coined  that  sonorous 
phrase  that  in  spite  of  the  unceasing  war- 
fare of  organized  labor  sworn  to  abolish 
this  degrading  custom,  th^t  every  effort  to 
either  eliminate  or  ameliorate  this  evil 
through  legislative  channels,  has  found  an 
army  of  hired  Hessians  fighting  the  battle 
of  those  manufacturers  whose  profits  and 
dividends  were  being  threatened  by  such 
an  innovation  ? 

Does  this  not  savor  of  an  assumption  on 
the  part  of  the  manufacturers  of  the  Divine- 
right  theory,    in   determining   what  shall 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


constitute  the  legal  restrictions  that  are 
supposed  to  enable  them  to  have  child  labor 
rightly  conducted  to  their  own  advantage. 

If,  as  Mr.  Van  Cleave  undoubtedly  would 
have  the  world  believe,  he  voices  the  senti- 
ment of  the  class  he  represents,  then  why 
do  we  find  not  a  few  but  almost  all  of  these 
paradoxical  philanthropists  keeping  their 
own  flesh  and  blood  in  schools  or  colleges 
until  their  majority  is  reached  and  some- 
times beyond.  If  such  action  is  any 
criterion,  then  the  length  of  time  necessary 
to  acquire  a  proper  education  as  well  as  the 
proper  age  for  employment  has  been  deter- 
mined by  themselves,  and  if  they  desire  to 
be  consistent  in  place  of  permitting  a  false 
prophet  to  blatantly  air  ideas  that  lack 
continuity,  they  ought  to  compel  him  to 
wear  a  muzzle  and  prove  their  own  sin- 
cerity by  getting  into  the  band-wagon  of 
organized  labor  which  proclaims  that  grand 
and  living  truth — **Rob  not  the  children 
of  today,  for  verily  they  are  the  parents  of 
tomorrow,"  and  upon  them  and  theirs  rests 
the  nation  of  the  future. 

The  great  trouble  with  Mr.  Van  Cleave 
and  those  whom  he  serves  is  that,  never 
having  changed  any  of  their  opinions, 
never  having  corrected  any  of  their  mis- 
takes, and  never  having  shown  wisdom 
enough  to  discover  mistakes  within  them- 
selves, it  logically  follows  that  they  never 
will  be  charitable  enough  to  excuse  what 
they  have  decided  are  mistakes  in  others.  As 
I  again  scan  the  puerile  utterances  of  Van 
Cleave,  which  teem  with  illy-concealed 
hatred  of  that  intrepid  class  whose  constant 
and  never-ending  struggle  has  made  life 
just  a  little  bit  more  worth  the  living,  there 
recurs  to  my  mind  with  a  new  significance 
the  words  of  Milton  relating  to  Mammon, 
in  **Paradise  Lost,"  wherein  hesays: 
Mammon,  the  least  erected  spirit  that  fell  from 

heaven; 
For  e'en  in  heaven  his  look  and  thoughts 
Were  always  bent,  admiring  more 
The  riches  of  heaven's  pavements,  trodden  gold 
Than  aught  divine  or  holy  else  enjoy'd 
In  vision  beatific. 


James  M.  Lynch, 


President,  International  Typog  aphical  Union. 

The  National  Manufacturers*  Associa- 
tion intends  to  raise  $1,500,000  within 
three  years.  This  in  accordance  with  the 
recommendation   made  by    President  Van 


Cleave  to  "federate  the  manufacturers  of 
the  country  to  effectively  fight  industrial 
oppression.*' 

That  which  the  manufacturer  regards  as 
industrial  oppression  the  trade  unionist  may 
look  upon  as  industrial  progress,  and  it 
might  be  added  that  the  proof  haS  thus  far 
been  with  the  trade  unionist.  Industrial 
progress,  as  viewed  in  the  trade  union 
sense,  can  be  continued  and  materially 
accelerated  by  the  use  of  the  finest  grade 
of  steam  coal.  And  ''steam  coal"  is  money. 
President  Van  Cleave  recognized  this  from 
the  manufacturers'  standpoint,  and  to  this 
extent  at  least  he  is  progressive.  It  can  be 
taken  for  granted  that  his  constituents  will 
also  recognize  the  wisdom  of  the  sugges- 
tion, and  that  the  $1,500,000  requested  by 
the  manufacturers'  president  will  be  forth- 
coming. 

In  order  to  protect  their  interests  from 
the  menace  that  is  contained  in  this  vast 
sum  of  money  when  used  by  the  associated 
manufacturers  to  *  *  effectively  fight  indus- 
trial oppression,"  from  their  standpoint, 
the  associated  wage-earners  will  find  it  nec- 
essary to  heed  the  advice  to  *'put  money 
in  thy  purse"  with  which  to  fight  indus- 
trial oppression.  The  sooner  that  the  trade 
unionists  realize  this  necessity  and  make  of 
it  a  virtue,  the  better  prepared  they  will  be 
for  the  coming  crusade. 

With  $1 ,  500,000  in  the  strong  box  of  the 
National  Manufacturers'  Association,  and 
with  $5,000,000,  $10,000,000,  yes,  even 
$20,000,000  in  the  coffers  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  and  its  units,  the  in- 
ternational and  national  trade  unions  of 
the  North  American  continent,  "industrial 
oppression"  will  become  a  very  different 
quantity  and  will  be  * 'fought"  on  very 
different  lines.  There  will  then  be  no 
monied  warfare.  On  the  contrary  there  will 
be  a  getting  together,  a  spirit  of  concession 
on  both  sides,  that  will  safeguard  the 
manufacturing  interests  of  this  country, 
in  which  both  employer  and  employe  are 
vitally  interested  under  the  present  order 
of  society. 

The  International  Typographical  Union 
knows  something  about  fighting  '•indus- 
trial oppression."  We  have  collected  more 
than  $4,000,000  with  which  to  fight  for 
the  eight  hour  day  and  for  the  union  office. 
In  that  we  have  succeeded  so  far  we  are 
thaukful.   But  had  we  been  liberal  enough » 


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651 


and  farseeing  enough,  and  class-conscious 
enough,  to  have  gathered  one-half  of  the 
amount  prior  to  the  strike  that  we  have 
cheerfully  contributed  since  its  inception, 
there  would  have  been  no  strike. 

I  favor  peace  between  nations,  and  I 
also  favor  industrial  peace.  Notwithstand- 
ing this  attitude,  I  am  most  emphatically 
in  favor  of  preparation  for  war,  and  that 
very  state  of  preparedness  will  in  its  menace 
make  war  unnecessary. 


Jere  L.  Sullivan, 


Sec-Treas.,  Hotel  and  Restaurant  Bmplojes'  Intl.  Alliance. 

When  Mr.  Van  Cleave,  of  St.  Louis, 
president  of  the  National  Association  of 
Manufacturers,  delivered  the  following: 

We  want  to  federate  the  mannfaeturers  of  this 
conntiy  to  effectiyely  fight  industrial  oppression. 
The  president  ought  to  have  fully  $500,000  a  jear 
for  the  next  three  years.  We  should  certainly  pro- 
Tide  ways  and  tneans  to  properly  finance  the  asso- 
ciation, to  federate  the  employers  of  the  country, 
and  to  educate  our  manufacturers  to  a  proper  sense 
of  their  own  duty,  patriotism,  and  self  interest. 

He  probably  thought  that  he  had  thrown 
a  good'Sfzed  scare  into  the  officers  and 
members  of  every  labor  organization  in 
this  country,  and  that  each  and  every  one 
of  them  would  begin  to  look  forward  to  the 
year  1910  as  the  one  in  which  labor 
unions  would  pull  up  stakes,  fold  their 
tents,  and  give  a  good  example  of  a  general 
skidoo  movement.  The  writer  believes  that 
Van  Cleave  forgot  all  about  the  stove  busi- 
ness and  imagined  he  was  engaged  in  the 
fruit  trade  and  handed  himself  a  lemon  the 
size  of  a  Florida  g^'ape  fruit. 

Five  hundred  thousand  dollars  per  year 
for  three  years — that  is  all  Van  wants;  and 
if  he  gets  it — well,  the  amount  of  education 
the  members  of  the  Manufacturers'  Associa- 
tion will  have  absorbed  will  surely  be 
worth  the  price.  Five  hundred  thousand 
dollars  is  a  lot  of  coin  and  no  mistake; 
three  times  that  amount  means  $1,500,000. 
It  looks  as  though  Van  Cleave  wanted 
trouble  and  would  not  be  satisfied  until  it 
came  his  way  good  and  plenty.  When  a 
nation  feels  that  a  mix-up  with  another 
nation  is  imminent,  the  first  thing  it  does 
is  to  begin  to  size  up  the  other  fellow  and 
try  to  take  his  measure.  War  vessels, 
coast  defense,  artillery,  infantry,  and  all 
that  sort  of  thing  is  figured  out,  so  that  a 
pretty  good  idea  may  be  had  of  the  other 
fellow's  strength. 


During  the  year  preceding  the  convention 
of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  held 
at  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  November  12-24, 
1906— 

Three    international     unions 

paid  out  in  tool  insurance...       $5,771  09 

The  American  Federation  of 
Labor  paid  out  to  local 
unions  directly  affiliated  as 
strike  benefits 14.732  00 

Six  internationals  paid  bene- 
fits on  account  of  death  of 
members'  wives 37,900  00 

Eight  internationals  paid  on 
account  of  traveling  mem- 
ber         57,340  93 

Seven  internationals  paid  out 
of  work  benefits  to  their 
members 79,582  70 

Forty-five  internationals  do- 
nated to  other  unions 147,208  43 

.  The  American  Federation  of 
Labor's  expenses  for  that 
fiscal  year  were 218,540  04 

Twenty-three    internationals 

paid  out  in  sick  benefits 663,436  61 

Sixty  internationals  paid  out 

in  death  benefits... 994,974  79 

Sixty-four  internationals  paid 

out  in  strike  benefits 3.968,133  66 

Making  a  total  of $6,187,620  25 

for  ten  items  for  one  fiscal 

year. 

That  $6,000,000  makes  Mr.  Van  Cleave's 
$500,000  look  like  a  piker's  bet,  and  yet 
I  have  failedi  to  observe  President  Gompers 
and  the  Executive  Council  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  get  red  in  the  face 
calling  for  any  large  or  small  amount  to 
**educate  the  trade  unionists"  along  similar 
lines  as  suggested  in  the  mental  explosion 
from  Van  Cleave  of  Missouri. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  may 
conclude  to  build  a  war  chest,  fill  it  with  a 
penny  a  week  from  its  membership,  and 
open  up  an  educational  campaign  that  will 
bring  under  its  banner  several  more  millions 
of  working  men  and  women.  Van  Cleave 
and  his  associates  may  start  something  if 
they  don't  watch  out,  for  if  they  keep  on 
pegging  away  at  the  trade  unionists,  the 
unionists  are  liable  to  wake  up  and  conclude 
that  **we  should  certainly  provide  ways 
and  means  to  properly  finance  the  American 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIc 


652 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Federation  of  Labor,  to  federate  the  em- 
ployes of  the  country,  and  to  educate  our 
members  to  a  proper  sense  of  their  own 
duty,  patriotism,  and  self-interest." 

Van  Cleave  will  not  have  proved  himself 
an  enemy  of  union  labor  if  his  intemperate 
demands  will  awaken  the  workers  of  this 
broad  land  to  be  up  and  doing. 

We  don*t  want  industrial  strife,  but  if  it 
is  forced  on  U3,  let  us  meet  it  quick  and 
plenty.  Meanwhile  see  that  your  meals  are 
not  cooted  on  one  of  Van  Cleave's  stoves. 

One  cent  a  week,  52  weeks  in  the  year, 
for  the  next  two  years  from  the  entire 
membership  of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor,  said  income  to  be  devoted  for  organ- 
izing purposes,  is  the  best  reply  that  can  be 
given  Messrs.  Van  Cleave  &  Co. 


Wm.  J.  Gilthorpe, 


Sec.-Treas.,  Intl.  Brotherhood  Boilennakere. 

The  remarkable  spectacle  of  business 
men  combining  and  proposing  to  raise 
$50D,000  a  year  for  the  next  three  years  to 
oppose  alleged  industrial  oppression  is, 
without  doubt,  a  very  remarkable  propo- 
sition. 

Mr.  Van  Cleave,  president  of  the  Na- 
tional Association  of  Manufacturers,brought 
this  matter  before  the  late  convention  of 
that  body  held  in  New  York  City,  and,  as 
a  result,  a  committee  of  35  of  that  conven- 
tion was  appointed  to  collect  or  raise 
$500,000  each  year  to  fight  * 'industrial 
oppression.'* 

This  action  may  not  be  seen  in  its  actual 
significance  by  those  who  have  not  studied 
the  problem  of  organized  labor  and  what  it 
stands  for;  such  naturally  might  take  this 
to  be  a  praise-worthy  object  of  Mr.  Van 
Cleave  and  his  associates,  because  of  their 
standing  in  the  community.  Naturally,  be- 
cause of  their  standing,  the  general  public 
assumes  they  are  intelligent. 

This  proposition  of  Mr.  Van  Cleave's, 
when  analyzed,  seems  preposterous  for 
many  reasons.  I  believe  that  prejudice  has 
so  blinded  the  man  and  his  colleagues  that 
they  are  not  willing  to  concede  honesty  to 
any  class  of  people  unless  their  views  coin- 
cide with  his  own  and  those  of  his  col- 
leagues. 

We  find  in  many  portions  of  the  country 
members  of  the   National  Association   of 


Manufacturers  who,  despite  their  member- 
ship and  offices  held  in  that  organization, 
can  not  and  will  not  ag^ee  to  any  scch 
proposition,  believing  it  is  preposterous  and 
outrageous  in  its  scope  and  that  the  principle 
underlying  the  $500,000  a  year  for  three 
years  to  fight  anybody  is  wrong  in  the  ex- 
treme. We  find  Mr.  Richard  C.  Jenkinson, 
a  large  manufacturer  of  Newark,  N.  J., 
and  long  a  member  of  the  association,  and 
others  who  have  repudiated  such  doings. 
There  are,  no  doubt,  hundreds  of  employ- 
ers who  will  do  the  same,  and  the  hobby 
of  Mr.  Van  Cleave  will  be  only  on  paper 
in  the  future  and  no  action  taken. 

Take  it  from  the  side  of  the  wage-earner; 
what  right  has  any  man,  or  set  of  men.  to 
raise  money  to  fight  any  member  of  the 
organized  crafts?  The  writer  served 
five  long  years  as  an  apprentice,  conse- 
quently he  paid  for  the  skill  he  now  pos- 
sesses; he  owns  it.  I  place  it  fairly  before 
the  public,  as  owner  of  this  trade,  skilled 
in  all  its  parts.  I  put  it  up  to  Mr.  Van 
Cleave  that,  as  I  own  this  trade,  paid  for 
it,  I  have  a  right,  an  undoubted  right, 
which  will  be  acknowledged  as  legal  be- 
fore all  the  courts  in  the  country,  to  say 
what  I  will  work  for  and  under  what  con- 
ditions I  will  work.  This  is  my  province, 
it  is  not  Mr.  Van  Cleave's  privilege.  We 
have  a  perfect  right.  The  owner  of  this 
trade  has  a  perfect  right  to  say  what  condi- 
tions he  will  work  under.  The  best  that 
can  be  said  for  Mr.  Van  Cleave  and  his 
*' patriots"  is  that  they  have  the  privilege 
of  making  a  bargain  with  the  members  of 
this  craft  collectively.  We  ask  in  all  seri- 
ousness, does  it  require  $500,000  per  year 
to  enable  Mr.  Van  Cleave  to  enter  into  an 
agreement  with  the  members  of  this  craft 
or  any  other  skilled  craft  in  the  country? 
I  do  not  think  it  does,  and  from  our  stand- 
point we  say  positively  that  the  more  dol- 
lars he  raises  the  more  he  will  need  to 
educate  the  few  manufacturers  who  will 
stay  in  his  organization  after  they  realize 
the  motive  Mr.  Vian  Cleave  had  in  intro- 
ducing this  subject  for  their  consideration. 

Taking  it  from  another  standpoint,  and 
going  back  20  years  from  this  date,  which 
Mr.  Van  Cleave  evidently  neglected  to  do, 
though  he  is  an  intelligent  man  and  a  man 
of  means  and  had  it  in  his  power  to  edu- 
cate himself  on  this  subject.  Twenty  years 
ago  organized  labor  fought  its  battles  on 
different   lines  than  it  does  today,  and  as 

Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


THAT  CAPITALIST  WAR  FUND 


653 


each  year  goes  by  the  tactics  of  organized 
labor  will  be  changed  to  suit  the  times. 
Today  organized  labor  is  proud  of  the  fact 
that  peaceable  and  dignified  procedure  is 
the  rule.  No  strike  is  thought  of  until  all 
other  means  are  exhausted,  and  only  with 
the  like  of  Mr.  Van  Cleave  are  strikes  suf- 
fered, while  20  years  ago  it  was  * 'organize 
today  and  strike  tomorrow,*'  and  in  doing 
so  the  most  reckless  elements  were  forced 
to  the  front,  and  a  great  many  hard  knocks 
were  given  to  the  labor  movement  by  rea- 
son of  the  hot-headed  policy  of  the  few 
who  did  not  stop  to  consider.  That  is  all 
past,  but  now  we  see  $500,000  requested 
by  an  intelligent  man.  Evidently  he  would 
like  to  see  the  past  methods  reproduced  to- 
day. That  day  is  past,  for  organized  labor 
has  educated  its  members  as  no  school  or 
college  has  ever  done  before,  and  has 
accomplished  much. 

It  is  evident  that  Mr.  Van  Cleave  is  a 
newcomer  and  has  not  studied  the  situa- 
tion; therefore  his  ignorance  of  the  subject 
he  handles  must  be  taken  into  considera- 
tion, and  in  this  spirit  organized  lat)or  says 
to  Mr.  Van  Cleave  that  next  year,  when 
he  makes  another  recommendation,  we 
hope  he  will  be  of  a  vastly  different  opinion 
and  recommend  that  all  manufacturers  of 
this  country,  whom  he  represents,  will  en- 
ter into  negotiations  with  the  trade  unions 
who  have  labor  to  sell,  in  order  that  a 
working  agreement,  which  does  not  need 
$500,000  to  carry  out,  will  be  enacted  and 
carried  into  effect.  If  such  is  the  case, 
then  Mr.  Van  Cleave  has  not  lived  in  vain; 
but  if  he  forces  the  issue,  no  matter  how 
feebly  he  may  carry  it  out,  we  fear  he  will 
find  that  five  times  $500,000  will  not  be 
sufficient  to  crush  the  trade  unionists  and 
educate  manufacturers  to  his  idea. 


W.  Macarthur, 


Bditor,  Coast  Seamen's  Journal. 

The  proposal  of  the  National  Manufac- 
turers* Association  to  raise  $1,500,000 
within  three  years  sounds  big,  but,  when 
compared  with  the  object  in  view,  the  sum 
named  is  ridiculously  small,  a  mere  baga- 
telle. The  association  proposes  to: 

Federate  the  manufacturers  of  the  country  to 
effectively  fight  industrial  oppression  .  .  .  and 
to  eduaiU  onr  manufacturers  to  a  proper  sense  of 
their  own  duty,  patriotism,  and  self-interest. 


Here  we  have  a  rather  significant  colloca- 
tion of  terms,  and  the  term  **educate,''  in 
itself  a  harmless  necessary  word,  is  obvi- 
ously qualified  by  the  term  **fight.*'  That 
is  to  say,  the  association  proposes  to  edu- 
cate the  manufacturers  in  the  matter  of 
fighting  industrial  oppression.  Thus  we  are 
brought  face  to  face  with  the  old  familiar 
projKJsition  of  fighting  the  unions.  O,  Edu- 
cation! How  many  crimes  are  committed  in 
thy  name? 

What  would  be  thought  of  an  astronom- 
ical society  which  would  propose  a  similar 
fund  for  the  purpose  of  educating  the  star- 
gazers  in  the  matter  of  fighting  the  Coper- 
nican  theory?  Of  course,  the  proposition 
would  be  laughed  at  and  astronomers  gen- 
erally would  insist  that  the  accepted  theory 
of  our  solar  system  has  come  to  stay,  and 
that  those  who  disapprove  that  theory  had 
better  save  their  money  and  move  into 
some  other  system,  and  yet,  as  between  the 
Copemican  theory  and  the  Labor  theory, 
there  need  be  no  hesitation  on  the  part  of 
those  who  are  looking  for  a  fight,  and  the 
former  is  by  far  the  easier  mark,  for  two 
reasons:  First,  because  it  is  only  a  theory, 
after  all;  secondly,  because  its  defeat  would 
not  be  felt  in  any  vital  spot — the  stomach, 
for  instance. 

In  a  word,  it  makes  little  difference,  in 
an  immediate,  practical  sense,  whether  we 
regard  the  sun  or  the  earth  as  the  center  of 
our  system;  but  it  does  make  a  great  deal 
of  difference  whether  labor  be  regarded  as 
a  partner  in  production,  as  a  thing  possessed 
of  human  attributes  and  entitled  to  con- 
sideration as  such,  or  merely  as  part  of  the 
means  of  production,  as  a  species  of  auto- 
matic machinery,  to  be  dealt  with  upon  the 
same  basis  as  any  other  item  of  cost.  The 
Labor  theory,  the  theory  upon  which  the 
labor  movement  is  founded,  expresses  the 
former  of  the  conceptions  here  stated.  That 
conception  possesses  all  the  vitality  of 
natural  law,  that  law  to  which  the  world 
owes  every  step  of  its  progress. 

Those  who  would  go  into  a  fight  against 
*  industrial  oppression*'  (i.  e.,  industrial 
organization),  like  those  who  would  go 
into  litigation,  must  be  prepared  to  stay  a 
long  time,  long  enough  to  accomplish  the 
hitherto  impossible  feat  of  turning  back 
the  hands  of  time.  The  National  Manu- 
facturers* Association  will  find  itself  short 
before  it  is  well   launched   upon   its  new 

venture.       However,     like    tl^   7W\H"1^5 

igi  ize      y  g 


654 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Benedick,  who,  finding  himself  short  of  the 
ctistonwry  fee,  declared  his  willingness  to 
be  married  **as  far  as  the  money  goes,"  the 
association  may  yet  find  itself  glad  of  an 
opportunity  to  discontinue  the  work  of  ed- 
ucation, even  before  the  money  donated  to 
that  purpose  is  expended. 


J.  A.  Cable, 


Secretary-Treasurer,  Coopers'  International  Union. 

As  the  problem  of  capital  and  labor  stands 
before  the  world  today,  there  are  notice- 
able two  alternating  extremes — one  on  the 
part  of  capital,  the  other  on  the  part  of  labor. 
One  is  as  bad  in  its  effect  as  the  other,  and 
both  do  harm.  In  calling  attention  to  the 
viciousness  of  the  extremists  on  the  side  of 
capital,  we  can  not  afford  to  ignore  the 
deviltry  of  extremists  on  our  own  side. 
There  is  a  small  but  very  radical  element 
among  the  working  class  which  insists  upon 
writing  all  capitalists,  all  employers  of 
labor,  down  as  mortal  enemies,  with  whom 
they  insist  that  an  irreconcilable  warfare 
must  be  carried  on.  The  Parrys  and  the 
Van  Cleaves  are  indebted  to  this  insignifi- 
cant mistaken  element  among  us  for  the 
foundation  on  which  their  anti-labor  struc- 
ture stands.  Were  it  not  for  the  question- 
able acts  and  expressions  of  the  few  irre- 
sponsible extremists  in  the  ranks  of  the 
workers  Parryism  and  Van  Cleaveism 
would  never  have  had  a  leg  to  stand  on. 

People  usually  measure  others  by  their 
own  standard.  For  instance,  a  man  of 
musical  tastes  judges  things  from  a  musical 
standpoint,  a  military  man  from  a  military 
standpoint,  and  so  on.  The  man  of  a 
hobby  looks  for  characteristics  in  others 
which  harmonize  with  his  hobby,  and 
judges  human  beings  and  human  institu- 
tions from  the  viewpoint  of  his  own  hobby. 
There  are  exceptions  to  this  rule,  of  course. 
There  are  men  broad  enough  to  judge 
clearly  and  rightly,  but  the  Parrys  and 
Van  Cleaves  being  the  extremists  of  the 
employing  class,  opposition  to  labor  unions 
has  become  a  hobby  with  them.  They  see 
only  the  mistakes  of  individual  members  of 
organized  labor,  and  fail  to  see  the  great 
good  there  is  in  it.  To  them  its  great  edu- 
cational, benevolent,  and  uplifting  features 
are  invisible.  If  the  minds  of  these  men 
ran  in  the  channels  of  true  charity  and  ben- 
evolence, and  were  set  upon  the  uplifting 


of  humanity  and  the  well-being  of  the  hu- 
man race,  instead  of  the  accumulation  of 
dollars,  the  great  good  which  organized 
labor  accomplishes  would  loom  up  before 
them  like  a  mountain,  and  its  mistakes 
would  dwindle  to  insignificance  in  the  com- 
parison as  being  only  those  common  to 
faulty  human  nature. 

Our  movement  is  a  defensive  one,  not 
aimed  against  fair  minded  employers,  but 
against  the  close-fisted  labor  crushing  em- 
ployer to  whom  profit  has  become  a  mania, 
and  who  considers  any  deal  honorable 
which  yields  profit.  Our  movement  being 
honorable  and  having  ideals  must  naturally 
be  viewed  by  manufacturers  of  this  type  as 
an  enemy.  We  have  no  kick  to  make  when 
our  movement  is  criticised  from  that  source, 
and  rega^-ded  by  them  as  an  enemy.  It  is 
the  enemy  of  people  who  wish  to  pursue 
narrow,  selfish  business  methods.  It  is  the 
enemy  of  people  who  exploit  labor  for 
profit.  It  is  the  avowed  enemy  of  any  man 
or  institution  which  seeks  to  make  money 
by  oppressing  labor.  I  regard  the  criti- 
cisms of  the  Parrys  and  Van  Cleaves  as 
complimentary  to  our  cause,  but  I  regret 
that  they  should  have  misled  some  who 
ought  to  be  our  friends. 

The  large  fund  which  they  propose  to 
raise,  however,  for  the  annihilation  of  our 
movement  will  avail  them  nothing.  It  has 
no  terrors  for  organized  labor.  We  have 
confidence  in  the  justness  of  our  cause  and 
the  ability  of  the  American  people  to  un- 
derstand that  organized  labor  which  seeks 
only  the  up-lifting  of  overworked,  under- 
paid workers  will  not  be  permitted  to  suffer 
injury  through  the  spending  of  this  slush 
fund  made  up,  perhaps,  of  unpaid  wages 
filched  from  labor  by  money-mad  manufac- 
turers. 

This  ill-advised  slush  fund  of  Van 
Cleave's  will,  I  believe,  act  as  a  boomerang. 
If  there  is  money  galore  for  such  a  ques- 
tionable purpose,  the  fair-minded  public 
will  want  to  know  why  some  of  it  can  not 
be  given  for  the  relief  of  the  suffering  un- 
derpaid wage-earner.  The  raising  of  a  large 
sum  of  money  by  the  Manufacturers*  Asso- 
ciation to  be  used  in  a  questionable  way  to 
keep  down  wages  while  the  necessaries  of 
life  are  rising  higher  and  higher  in  price, 
will,  in  my  opinion,  prove  to  be  the  undoing 
of  Van  Cleaveism  and  all  that  it  carries 
with  it.  If  these  men  imagine  that  an  laid- 
ligent,  fair-minded  public  will  permit  tlie 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


TOAI  CAPITALIST  WAR  FUND 


655 


labor  movement,  with  all  its  beneficient 
features  to  be  crushed  out  through  a  fund, 
raised  for  the  purpose,  I  think  they  have 
under-estimated  the  fairness  and  the  just- 
ness of  the  public  conscience. 

I  do  not  believe  that  organized  labor 
should  try  to  emulate  the  unholy  example 
of  the  Manufacturers*  Association.  Money 
is  and  has  ever  been  the  weapon  of  the 
plutocratic  demagogue.  Two  wrongs  will 
not  make  a  right.  We  as  organized  work- 
ingmen  can  not  afford  to  take  up  their 
unholy  weapon.  If  Labor  accepts  their 
challenge  and  adopts  money  as  its  weapon, 
Labor  will,  in  my  opinion,  make  a  mistake. 
Organized  labor  needs  funds  with  which  to 
promote  organization,  and  for  the  relief  of 
members  sick,  out  of  work,  or  otherwise  in 
distress,  but  for  us  to  undertake  to  raise 
or  even  duplicate  the  Van  Cleave  ante 
would,  in  my  opinion,  be  a  serious  mistake. 

They  have  issued  the  challange  and 
selected  their  weapon,  now  let  the  labor 
forces  of  the  country  choose  the  better 
way.  Right  wins  in  the  long  run.  Let  us 
fight  them  and  their  slush  fund  with  truth 
and  justice  as  our  weapons.  Let  us  choose 
to  go  on  in  the  even  tenor  of  our  way 
organizing  and  improving  labor  conditions 
wherever  possible,  and  publicly  defending 
the  principles  of  trade  unionism  wherever 
they  are  unjustly  assailed.  Should  we  at 
any  stage  of  the  game  encounter  ill  effects 
from  the  Van  Cleave  fund,  we  can  do  no 
better  than  call  attention  to  their  unholy 
method  of  warfare,  and  trust  in  the  justness 
of  our  cause  and  the  fairness  of  the  people  for 
the  success  of  our  righteous  undertakings. 

When  a  body  of  men  arms  itself  it  means 
that  it  is  looking  for  war.  Such  is  my 
interpretation  of  the  Van  Cleave  fund. 
Organized  labor  is  not  seeking  war,  it  is  seek- 
ing peace  with  honor,  but  if  there  must  be  war 
with  the  Manufacturers'  Association,  though 
organized  labor  will  be  on  the  defensive,  it 
will,  nevertheless,  be  ready  and  will  be  armed 
with  truth  and  justice — mighty  weapons 
more  righteous,  more  honorable,  and  conse- 
quently more  powerful  than  money. 


Samuel  L.  Landers, 


Mltor,  Weekly  Bulletin,  Clothing  Trades.  New  York  City. 

The  proposition  of  Mr.  Van  Cleave  of  St. 
I/)uis,  President  of  the  National  Associa- 
tion of  Manufacturers,  to  the  recent  con- 


vendon  of  that  hody  in  New  York  City  to 
raise  $1,500,000  ''to  properly  finance  and 
educate  the  manufacturers  to  a  proper  sense 
of  their  duty,*'  and  which  was  endorsed  by 
said  convention,  has  since  then  raised  such 
uncomplimentary  comment  by  public 
speakers  among  the  clergy,  sociologists, 
reformers,  etc.,  that  the  gentleman  with 
whom  this  golden  idea  originated  has  been 
forced  to  publicly  explain  the  purpose  of 
the  raising  of  so  large  a  fund,  summarizing 
its  object,  '*andto  correct  misunderstand- 
ings relative  to  said  fund,'*  has  sent  out 
advance  proof  sheets  to  several  newspapers. 
The  gentleman  begins  by  explaining  that 
*'  it  is  the  abuse  of  unions  that  is  to  be 
fought,  and  not  unionism'*  and  continues 
"  we  must  recognize  the  good  which  is  in 
labor  unionism  as  well  as  the  evil,  we  must 
not  condemn  all  labor  unions  for  the 
oflfenses  of  some  of  them  '*  and  further  con- 
tinues with  the  following:  *'The  fund  is 
to  attain 

1  The  open  shop. 

2  No  restrictions  as  to  the  use  of  tools, 
machinery  or  materials,  except  such  as  are 
unsafe. 

3  No  limitation  of  output. 

4  No  restrictions  as  to  the  number  of 
apprentices  and  helpers,  when  of  proper 
age. 

5  No  boycott. 

6  No  sympathetic  strike. 

7  No  sacrifice  of  the  independent  work- 
ingman  to  the  labor  union. 

8  No  compulsory  use  of  the  union  label. ' ' 
How  different  from  the  original  speech 

of  Mr.  Van  Cleave  at  the  convention  where 
the  proposed  object  was  a  fund  '*to  edu- 
cate," and  now  it  materializes  that  the 
fund  is  to  attain  **  open  shop,"  **  no  boy- 
cott,*' **  no  sympathetic  strike,**  and  things 
of  like  character,  in  short  the  scheme  is 
shorn  of  its  cloak  and  it  is  a  fund  to  fight 
trade  unionism. 

If  Messrs.  Van  Cleave  et  al.  think 
$1,500,000  will  solve  the  problem,  then 
*'they  have  another  think  coming.**  This 
sum  will  have  to  be  augmented  by  a  score 
of  like  sums,  and  then  their  work  will  not 
have  begun  and  the  amount  spent  will  have 
but  the  effect  on  trade  unionism  as  did  the 
proverbial  dame  Partington's  broom  on  the 
sea. 

Each  individual  item  above  mentioned  in 
the  category  that  the  Manufacturers*  Asso- 
ciation desire  to  maintain  could  be  success- 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


656 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


fully  handled,  either  by  pen  or  voice,  by  a 
novice  in  the  labor  movement,  and  the  fal- 
lacy and  hypocrisy  of  their  claim  shown. 
The  last  item,  '*no  compulsory  use  of  the 
union  label,**  is  the  most  ignorant  and 
amusing  of  them  all.  It  shows  what  a 
wonderful  grasp  of  the  situation  the  wise 
ones  have,  and  is  on  a  par  with  the  rest  of 
their  edict.  If  Mr.  Van  Cleave,  or  any  in- 
dividual of  his  association,  can  produce  a 
single  manufacturer  in  America  who  will 
say  or  can  prove  that  he  was  compelled  to 
use  the  union  label,  then  the  writer  belijeves 
they  can  produce  a  monstrosity,  for  in  fact 
no  such  individual  exists. 


Stuart  Reid, 


General  Organizer,  American  Federation  of  Labor. 

Mr.  Van  Cleave,  president  of  the  Na- 
tional Association  of  Manufacturers,  aspires 
to  educational  honors.  It  might  be  well  to 
remind  him  that  all  educators  are  not  bene- 
factors. Fagan  was  an  educator,  but  his 
style  of  education  not  only  ruined  the  schol- 
ars, but  menaced  the  community.' 

The  distinguished  president  of  the  Na- 
tional Association  of  Manufacturers  called 
for  $1,500,000  for  an  educational  fund  **to 
educate  our  manufacturers  to  a  proper  sense 
of  their  own  duty,  patriotism,  and  self-in- 
terests." He  practically  got  it,  and  the 
work  of  education,  it  would  seem,  began 
immediately. 

In  New  Britain,  Conn.,  Mr.  VanCleave*s 
ardent  admirers  at  once  began  to  edu- 
cate the  bankers,  with  this  result:  An 
official  of  a  labor  organization  having  a 
personal  account  with  a  bank  sent  a  check 
to  the  office  of  the  national  union  in  pay- 
ment of  per  capita  tax.  He  was  promptly 
requested  to  call  at  the  bank  and  curtly 
told  it  would  be  esteemed  a  favor  if  he 
would  immediately  withdraw  his  account. 

One  of  the  first  lessons  of  the  Van  Cleav- 
ian  system  of  education,  it  would  thus  ap- 
pear, taught  bankers  the  advisability  of 
boycotting  individual  members  of  labor  or- 
ganizations who  had  actually  presumed  to 
accumulate  a  small  amount  of  money  and 
then  dared  to  use  the  checks  of  the  bank 
in  a  perfectly  legitimate  manner.  This  is 
a  specimen  of  ''sense  of  duty  and  patriot- 
ism*' that  needs  no  comment.  Educator 
Van  Cleave  should  be  proud  of  his  system 
in  its  kindergarten  stage. 


Another  striking  example  of  the  Van 
Cleave  educational  system  has  been  in  ope- 
ration in  Providence,  R.  I.  It  began  to  be 
demonstrated  a  few  weeks  after  the  Na- 
tional Association  of  Manufacturers  adopted 
the  recommendations  of  Professor  Van 
Cleave,  and  continued  until  workmen 
threatened  to  take  summary  action  against 
scoundrels  who  dared  to  prostitute  the  sane 
tity  of  their  homes. 

The  men  employed  by  a  large  manufac- 
turing concern  rebelled  against  unbearable 
conditions  and  went  on  strike.  The  com- 
pany made  herculean  efforts  to  replace  them 
and  failed  completely.  Their  agents  then 
visited  the  homes  of  the  workmen  during 
their  absence  and  flattered,  cajoled  and  even 
threatened  their  wives  in  an  attempt  to  per- 
suade them  to  induce  their  husbands  to 
return  to  work.  In  a  few  cases  they  suc- 
ceeded and  the  wives  did  persuade  their 
husbands  to  return  to  work.  In  several 
cases  the  men  remained  firm  and  as  a  conse- 
quence the  harmony  of  the  home  has  been  de- 
stroyed and  even  estrangement  threatened. 
Mr.  Van  Cleave  ought  to  be  delighted  with 
the  early  results  of  his  educational  system. 
It  is  certainly  **  patriotism*'  to  invade  and 
destroy  the  sanctity  of  the  homes  of  Ameri- 
can workmen. 

Still  another  result  of  Van  Cleave* s  edu- 
cational system  was  demonstrated  in  New 
Britain,  Conn.,  when  the  mayor  of  that 
city,  an  ardent  admirer,  proposed  the  pass- 
age of  city  legislation  providing  for  an  em- 
ployment bureau  as  an  adjunct  to  the 
charity  board.  Under  his  proposed  plan 
employment  was  to  be  doled  out  as  charity 
and  men  looking  for  employment  were  to 
be  pauperized. 

I  might  admire  Mr.  Van  Cleave  if  he 
had  had  courage  to  declare  his  determina- 
tion to  fight  organized  labor  and  that  he 
required  the  $1,500,000  to  do  it.  I  admire 
all  men  who  have  the  courage  to  put  up  a 
clean  battle,  but  my  contempt  goes  to  him 
who  would  raise  a  fund  to  prostitute  Ameri- 
can homes  and  institutions  and  then  mas- 
querade in  the  guise  of  a  benevolent  educa- 
tor who  seeks  to  teach  men  a  proper-  sense 
of  duty,  patriotism,  and  self-interest. 

Be  honest,  Mr.  Van  Cleave;  declare  it  to 
be  your  intention  to  exhort  manufacttirers 
to  look  out  for  their  selfish  inter^ts,  re- 
gardless of  the  rights  of  others.  Yqa  ndjl^t 
as  well.  Not  only  the  workers,  bot  all  JMt 
men  have  discovered  your  aim^  Bt  E  pnd 
Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


THAT  CAPITALIST  WAR  FUND 


6S7 


business  man.  Fagan  prospered  for  a  time, 
but  his  system  of  education  was  eventually 
crushed  and  he  was  buried  in  its  ruin.  His 
fate  will  be  yours  if  you  do  not  repent. 
Fight  clean,  Mr.  Van  Cleave,  fight  clean. 


John  Golden, 


R.  L.  Harper, 


General  Organiser,  A.  P.  of  L. 

**The  less  corsiness  a  man  hath, 
the  more  of  reason. ' ' — Goldin^. 

I  do  not  know  our  friend,  Mr.  Van 
Cleave,  the  man  who  sees  in  trade  union- 
ism the  great  cormorant  that  is  to  swallow 
the  American  manufacturer,  tooth  and  nail, 
unless  the  aforesaid  manufacturer  becomes 
* 'educated  to  a  proper  sense  of  his  own 
duty,  patriotism,  and  self-interest,"  but 
rd  wager  two  bits  that  his  waist- girth  is 
abnormally  developed,  while  his  hat-band 
**gaineth  not  in  length.*' 

I  arrive  at  this  conclusion  after  a  study 
of  Mr.  Van  Cleavers  words  before  his  or- 
ganization of  manufacturers.  Search  as 
diligently  as  you  may,  there  is  no  reason  in 
bis  claims  or  contentions. 

His  desire  to  '^federate  the  manufactur- 
ers of  this  country  to  effectively  fight  in- 
dustrial oppression*  *  is  carefully  worded  to 
mislead.  It  is  a  libel  on  the  workingman 
of  America  and  forms  the  molasses  around 
which  the  manufacturer- fliies,  both  big  and 
little,  will  hover  in  the  hope  that  lat)ormay 
be  brought  to  abject  poverty,  subjugated 
to  their  will — a  will  that  assumes  to  be 
paramount  to  laws  of  God  or  man. 

That  this  is  the  Utopian  dream  of  the 
Van  Cleave  kind;  that  to  this  end  will  the 
million  and  a  half  dollars  be  cheerfully  ex- 
pended; that  the  fight  will  not  end  when 
that  and  an  hundred  more  like  donations 
shall  have  been  expended,  if,  indeed,  that 
class  of  American  citizenship  is  to  so  long 
retain  the  governing  hand  of  the  manu- 
facturers' association;  that  his  kith  will 
preach  * 'industrial  peace*'  via  the  industrial 
war  route,  are  objective  points  so  patent 
that  all  who  run  may  read. 

Trade  unionism  has  ever  and  will  forever 
oppose,  with  all  its  might  and  fighting 
power,  any  attempt  to  deprive  the  Ameri- 
can workman  of  his  liberty.  There  can  be 
but  one  logical  conclusion  arrived  at.  The 
victory  is  Labor's,  the  defeat  of  Mr.  Van 
Cleave  inevitable. 


President,  United  Textile  Workers. 

At  a  convention  recently  held  in  New 
York  City  under  the  auspices  of .  the 
National  Manufacturers'  Association,  a  res- 
olution was  passed  to  raise  the  sum  of 
$1,500,000,  during  the  next  three  years, 
and  a  committee  ot  35  was  appointed  to  do 
the  raising;  now  comes  the  question,  for 
what  purpose  is  this  fund  to  be  raised?  Let 
us  take  the  words  of  President  Van  Cleave 
from  whose  fertile  brain  this  brilliant  idea 
first  emanated.  He  says:  "We  want  to 
federate  the  manufacturers  of  this  country 
to  effectively  fight  industrial  oppression. ' ' 
You  are  right,  Mr.  Van  Cleave;  the  manu- 
facturers of  this  country,  as  well  as  those  of 
many  other  countries,  need  to  federate  to 
fight  "industrial  oppression,"  the  sordid 
oppression  of  such  men  as  David  M.  Parry, 
former  president  of  your  association,  who 
started  out  to  smash  every  labor  union  in 
the  country,  and  finished  up  by  smashing 
himself  out  of  existence  so  far  as  public  in- 
terest in  him  was  concerned;  likewise  C.  W. 
Post,  of  Battle  Creek,  Mich. ,  manufacturer 
of  Grape  Nuts,  Postum  Coffee,  and  Fabri- 
cations, and  another  past  president  of  your 
association.  Some  people  look  upon  Mr. 
Post  as  one  of  the  worst  enemies  of  or- 
ganized labor;  I  think  he  is  one  of  the  best 
friends  we  ever  had,  but  he  didn't  realize 
it.  He  spent  a  fortune  in  circulating  some 
of  the  most  scurrilous  and  vituperative 
stuff  that  ever  appeared  in  print  against 
organized  labor,  with  the  result  that  thou- 
sands of  those  who  believe  in  a  *  'square 
deal"  (not  the  kind  as  preached  in  the 
official  organ  of  that  name,  but  those 
whose  sense  of  decency  and  fair  play  would 
not  allow  them  to  stand  for  the  nauseating 
rot  which  emanated  from  the  pen  of  Mr. 
C.W.  Post,  your  former  president) ,  became 
friends  of  the  labor  movement.  But  lo, 
another  Solomon  has  arisen  in  the  person 
of  Mr.  Van  Cleave,  of  St.  Louis,  now  presi- 
dent of  the  National  Association  of  "Union 
Smashers."  He  very  generously  informs 
us  that  he  has  no  intention  of  destroying 
the  labor  unions,  because  he  believes  in 
unions  of  a  certain  kind — those  that  con- 
tain enough  benevolence  in  their  constitu- 
tion to  allow  the  employer  to  be  recognized 
as  "master."  to  allow  him  to  run  his  busi- 
ness as  he  sees  fit,  without  any  interference 
Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


658 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


from  any  labor  union,  irrespective  of  the 
fact  that  it  is  composed  of  his  own  em- 
ployes. Mark  the  closing  words  of  Presi- 
dent Van  Cleaves*  appeal: 

We  should  certainly  provide  ways  and  means  to 
properly  finance  the  association,  to  federate  the 
employers  of  the  country,  and  to  educate  our  man- 
ufacturers to  a  proper  sense  of  their  own  duty, 
patriotism,  and  self-mterest. 

You  must  have  full  leeway  in  your  work 
of  federating  the  manufacturers  of  the 
country,  but  you  deny  that  same  right  to 
employes.  Your  million  and  a  half  will 
be  spent  in  hiring  spies  and  thugs  to  dis- 
rupt newly  formed  labor  unions,  to  report 
those  taking  an  active  part  in  its  affairs, 
that  they  may  be  made  an  example  of,  and 
held  up  as  a  warning  to  others,  never  to 
dare  to  do  the  very  same  thing,  the  Manu- 
facturers' Association  has  decided  to  raise 
one  and  a  half  million  dollars  to  accomplish 
among  the  employers  of  the  country,  ac- 
cording to  the  statement  of  their  own  presi- 
dent. 

Such  glaring  inconsistency,  such  selfish 
hypocrisy  will  not  stand  before  the  search- 
light of  an  enlightened  American  people, 
who  believe  in  equal  rights  for  all,  and 
special  privileges  for  none. 

You  talk  about  educating  the  manufac- 
turers to  a  sense  of  their  duty,  patriotism, 
and  self-interest.  Thank  God  we  have  a 
number  of  employers  who  need  none  of 
your  corrupt  fund,  who  have  got  along, 
and  will  continue  to  get  along  without  your 
special  kind  of  education,  who  recognize 
the  right  of  labor  to  organize,  and  who 
would  hang  their  heads  in  very  shame  if 
they  imagined  for  a  moment  they  were 
mistaken  for  one  of  this  committee  of  35 
who  are  to  go  through  the  country  in  an 
attempt  to  raise  this  fund  to  fight  organ- 
ized labor.  We  are  perfectly  ready,  and 
quite  prepared,  to  match  our  brain,  our 
brawn,  and  our  honesty  of  purpose  against 
your  million  and  a  half  dollars,  just  as  we 
have  successfully  matched  them  in  the  past 
against  the  unscrupulous  tactics  of  the 
Parrys,  the  Posts,  and  others  of  their  ilk. 
We  are  fortified  with  the  knowledge  that 
our  movement  is  constructive  while  yours 
is  destructive.  Our  aim  is  to  build  up 
while  yours  is  to  tear  down.  We  rest  su- 
premely confident  in  the  final  result  of  this 
struggle  of  right  against  might.  Let  me 
assure  you  of  one  thing,  Mr.  Van  Cleave 
and  your  committee  of  35,  that  while  you 


are  raising  and  spending  your  million 
and  a  half  dolhirs  during  the  next  three 
years,  organized  labor  will  go  on  with  its 
humane  task  of  uplifting  the  standard  of 
those  who  must  earn  their  bread  by  the 
sweat  of  their  face.  We  will  still  continue 
to  fight  for  better  conditions,  higher  wages, 
and  shorter  hours,  the  '^closed'*  shop,  as 
you  term  it,  the  **union*'  shop,  as  we  know 
it,  and  all  those  ideals  which  we  are  striving 
to  attain.  Don't  assume  for  a  moment 
that  we  intend  to  relax  our  efforts  along 
political  lines.  We  have  entered  the  polit- 
ical arena.  The  American  Federation  of 
Labor  never  does  things  by  halves.  It  fol- 
lows no  political  party.  It  knows  no  polit- 
ical creed  outside  of  that  which  directly 
affects  the  wage-worker  of  the  country.  It 
will  continue  to  use  its  great  influence  more 
and  more  to  bring  about  better  legislation 
to  protect  our  women  workers  against  the 
grasping  greed  of  those  employers  who 
form  the  greater  part  of  your  so-called 
National  Manufacturers'  Association,  who 
work  little  children  from  morning  tmtil 
night  for  a  mere  pittance  of  a  wage,  to  en- 
large their  already  swollen  fortunes,  and 
then  tell  the  American  people  with  brazen 
effrontery  there  is  little  or  no  child  labor  in 
the  country. 

We  shall  continue  to  take  these  little 
children  from  the  mines,  the  mills,  and  the 
workshops,  and  give  them  an  opportunity 
to  enjoy  God*s  glorious  sunshine  and  fresh 
air,  and  give  them  an  education  that  will 
fit  them  for  life's  battle  of  the  future. 
Mark  my  words,  when  three  years  have 
elapsed,  and  your  million  and  a  half  dol- 
lars has  been  expended,  your  committee 
of  35  and  your  National  Manufactur- 
ers* Association  will  find  the  organized 
labor  movement  still  doing  business  at  the 
same  old  stand;  you  will  find  it  bigger, 
busier,  and  more  strongly  entrenched  than 
ever  before,  and  quite  prepared  to  meet 
your  next  proposition  for  smashing  the 
labor  unions  in  1910. 


Owen  Miller, 


Secretary,  American  Federation  of  Musicians. 

The   National  Association  of    Manufac- 
turers at  the  suggestion  of  their  president. 
Mr.    Van  Cleave,  of  St.  Louis,  have  ap- 
pointed   a    committee     of     35     to     raise 
Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


THAT  CAPITALIST  WAR  FUND 


659 


$500,000  per  year  for  three  years,  or  a  total 
of  $1,500,000,  to  effectively  fight  **iiidus-' 
trial  oppression.*'  Much  is  said  in  Van 
Cleave* s  recommendation  to  gloss  over  the 
real  purpose  of  this  vast  slush  fund  to  be 
expend^  under  his  personal  supervision  so 
that  we  may  be  sure  it  is  to  be  placed  where 
it  will  do  the  most  good,  but  the  real  pur- 
pose is  expressed  in  the  phrase  quoted 
above. 

The  implication  is  plainly  set  forth  that, 
to  * 'effectively  fight  industrial  oppression** 
means  war  upon  trade  unions.  Fore- 
warned is  forearmed;  the  labor  organiza- 
tions are  girding  up  their  loins  and 
preparing  for  the  war  that  is  to  be  forced 
upon  them  by  these  self -constituted  saviors 
of  society.  Those  whom  the  Gods  would 
destroy  they  first  make  mad,  and  what  is 
greater  madness  than  for  such  an  associa- 
tion to  deliberately  announce  to  the  world 
that  it  proposes  to  wage  war  upon  that 
element  of  our  social  system  that  has  done 
more  for  the  betterment  and  elevation  of 
the  human  race  than  all  other  reform  f orcte 
combined.  Organized  labor  has  made  life 
for  millions  better  worth  the  living. 

Before  organized  labor  became  a  recog- 
nized factor,  men  labored  as  high  as  18 
hours  per  day.  Women  and  children  very 
long  hours,  and  all  under  conditions  that 
were  in  many  instances  appalling.  What- 
ever improvements  have  been  made,  have 
been  secured  largely  through  the  efforts  of 
organized  labor  and  in  the,  teeth  of  the 
bitter  and  cantankerous  opposition  of  the 
Parrys.  Posts,  and  Van  Cleaves.  Wher- 
ever there  still  remain  men,  women,  and 
children  working  long  hours,  under  un- 
healthy and  unsafe  conditions,  it  is 
solely  due  to  the  efforts  of  people  who  re- 
present such  organizations  as  the  National 
Association  of  Manufacturers,  and  always 
against  the  protests  and  vigorous  opposi- 
tion of  organized  labor. 

The  industrial  conditions  of  working  men 
and  women  of  this  generation  are  im- 
measurably superior  in  every  respect  to 
those  that  preceded.  The  teaching,  in- 
fluence, and  example  of  organized  labor 
has  not  only  improved  the  conditions  of 
the  worker,  but  the  worker  ranks  higher 
than  ever  before  in  intelligence,  skill, 
sobriety,  healthfulness,  and  that  love  of 
his  fellow-man,  which  placed  Abou  Ben 
Adhem  first  on  the  list,  and  yet  here  comes 
a  supposedly    intelligent    body    of    men, 


whose  brains  and  sympathies  are  evidently 
entirely  located  in  their  pockets,  and  pro- 
pose to  raise  a  vast  fund  for  the  purpose  of 
forcing  economic  conditions  back  to  the 
era  of  long  hours,  bad  conditions,  and 
starvation  wages.  One  can  scarcely  realize 
that  these  people  are  in  earnest.  Even  what 
is  commonly  known  as  the  plutocratic 
press  denounces  this  insane  attempt  to 
inaugurate  an  industrial  war,  which  can 
benefit  no  one,  and  can  only  result  in  injury 
to  many  innocent  people,  but  it  will  be  sure 
to  result  in  one  benefit,  and  that  is  the 
eternal  elimination  of  all  such  aggregations 
as  the  National  Association  of  Manufac- 
turers, as  the  world  does  not  go  backward. 
Progress  is  the  watchword. 


Max  P.  Moritz, 


President,  Florida  State  Federation  of  I«abor. 

In  contemplating  the  real  object  of  this 
vast  corruption  fund  contemplated  by  the 
Manufacturers*  Association,  I  am  led  to  the 
conclusion  that  capital  is  evidently  jealous 
of  the  progress  of  labor  and  is  endeavoring 
to  declare  a  war  in  order  to  check  its  rapid 
strides,  but  "truth  crushed  to  earth  will 
rise  again V  and  even  if  temporarily  over- 
come by  the  magnitude  of  the  fight  against 
it,  labor  would  arise  "Phoenix- like  from 
the  ashes'*  with  the  truth  and  sincerity  of 
its  purposes  emblazoned  upon  an  everlast- 
ing banner  of  "equal  rights  to  all  and 
special  privileges  to  none." 

Mr.  Van  Cleave  and  his  associates  seem 
to  have  overlooked  the  fact  that  the  ques- 
tion of  the  hour  is,  the  proper  distribution 
of  the  joint  earnings  of  labor  and  capital. 
This  question  will  not  be  solved  nor  aided 
in  its  solution  by  police  interference  with 
the  right  of  free  assembly  and  discussion; 
nor  by  police  interference  with  the  right  to 
form  organization. 

I  would  say  to  the  members  of  the 
Manufacturers*  Association,  and  to  the 
president  in  particular,  that  the  man  who 
works  for  wages  day  by  day,  is  your  equal 
as  a  citizen  Generally  he  has  as  high  in- 
stincts, as  loyal  and  true  a  heart  as  his 
employer,  often  more  so.  Show  him  that 
you  sympathize  with  him  as  a  fellow-citi- 
zen. This  is  not  condescension.  It  is  his 
right.     It  is  a  good  thing  for  you. 

In  amassing  this  vast  fund  vou  will  be 
denounced   by    all    right  ^thi,^ki^^gp^ 


660 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


because  the  cry  has  already  gone  forth  of 
your  ulterior  motives.  Is  it  necessary?  I 
say,  most  emphatically,  no. 

Let  there  be  confidence  between  the  men 
that  earn  wages  and  the  men  that  pay  them 
and  they  will  respect  each  other. 

If  Mr.  Van  Cleave  and  the  members  of 
the  Manufacturers'  Association  would  con- 
sider that  they  stand  in  a  human*  relation 
toward  their  workmen;  if  they  believe  that 
they  are  responsible  for  them,  if  sufficient 
return  for  their  labor  is  made  that  they  see 
their  children  are  properly  taught,  clothed 
and  lodged,  and  there  is  some  provision  for 
sickness  and  old  age,  I  am  frank  to  say 
that  then  this  million  and  a  half  dollars 
could  be  utilized  for  purposes  which  would 
bring  about  better  and  more  far-reaching 
results  than  if  spent  in  legislation  or  any 
other  purposes  which  tend  to  create  discord 
instead  of  harmony. 

The  laboring  people  realize  how  im- 
portant it  is  to  be  vigilant  and  alert  and 
that  * 'eternal  vigilance  is  the  price  of 
liberty"  and  while  that  fund  is  being 
created  and  expended  they  will  speak, 
write  and  organize,  and  continue  to  keep 
it  up  until  they  shall  have  won  triumphant 
success  and  prosperity. 


W.  D.  Mahon, 


President,  Amalgamated  Association  of  Street  and  Electric 
Railway  Employes. 

One  and  a  half  million  dollars  is  the  fund 
which  the  Manufacturers'  Association  pur- 
poses to  provide  for  educating  the  people 
toward  the  establishment  of  perpetual  in- 
dustrial peace.  This  is  what  the  recent 
New  York  convention  of  that  association 
legislated  to  raise  by  assessment  to  carry 
union  fighting  through  three  years  of  war- 
fare. This  fund  is  designed  only  as  the  at- 
tendant expense  of  the  elementary  educa- 
tion. The  expense  of  missionary  work 
among  advanced  classes  will  be  borne  as 
heretofore.  There  are  over  three  millions 
of  obligated  unionists  in  this  country.  The 
Employers'  Association  could  hardly  con- 
template educating  such  a  horde  of  stu- 
pidity out  of  ignorance  in  a  three-year 
course  of  50  cents  a  head.  The  fund,  if  ap- 
plied to  members  of  labor  organizations 
alone,  amounts  to  16  2-3  cents  per  indi- 
vidual member  per  year;  if  applied  to  a 


fair  deal  public,  it  amounts  to  less  than  a 
^  cent  for  each  individual  per  year. 

But  $1 ,  500,000  sounds  big.  It  is  expected 
to  carry  terror  in  its  sound — terror  instead 
of  peace.  Has  the  Employers'  Association  a 
new  education  which  is  to  be  dispensed 
upon  the  wings  of  $1,500,000?  No  such 
thing  can  be  assumed.  But  the  appropria- 
tion is  for  a  purpose.  Its  only  purpose  is  to 
fight  organized  labor.  The  perpetual  peace 
is  expected  to  come  only  through  the  sub- 
mission of  labor  to  capital.  The  $1,500,000 
is  designed  to  be  used  in  the  direction  of 
the  enslavement  of  labor. 

This  enactment  by  the  Employers'  Asso- 
ciation is  an  admission  of  the  power  of  or-  * 
ganized  labor.  It  is  an  admission  that  the 
organizing  of  labor  destroys  the  dictator- 
ship of  capital  over  labor.  It  is  an  admis- 
sion that  there  is  something  lost  by  the  em- 
ployer to  the  employe  through  organization. 
It  is  an  admission  that  past  efforts  to 
suppress  organized  labor  have  not  been 
satisfactory  to  the  union  crusher.  It  is  an 
admission  that  the  public  is  in  sympathy 
with  the  organizing  of  labor.  It  is  an  ad- 
mission by  the  Employers'  Association  that 
organized  labor  is  backed  by  strong  public 
opinion.  It  is  an  admission  that  organized 
labor  is  backed  by  the  enlightenment  of  the 
times.  It  is  an  admission  that  union  smash- 
ing i$  unpopular  in  the  measure  of  the  in- 
telligence of  the  public.  It  is  an  undertaking 
on  the  part  of  the  Employers'  Association 
to  reshape  the  public  mind.  It  is  a  declara- 
tion that  the  public  is  incapable  of  doing 
its  own  thinking.  It  is  an  insult  to  the  in- 
telligence of  the  American  public. 

Now  let's  acquaint  ourselves  with  where 
this  $1 ,  500,000  is  to  come  from.  The  Manu- 
facturers' Association,  which,  so  far  as  the 
$1,500,000  fund  is  concerned,  resolves 
itself  into,  or  as  a  part  of  the  Employers* 
Association.  Its  president  is  one  of  the 
heads  of  the  latter  association.  The  propo- 
sition was  inspired  by  him.  The  fund  must 
come  from  the  profits  resulting  from  the 
employment  of  labor.  In  fact,  it  must  rep- 
resent that  which  the  employers  can  well' 
spare  from  their  profits.  It  must  represent 
that  which  could  be  applied  to  an  increase 
in  wage.  If  this  is  not  a  fact,  it  must,  then, 
represent  a  part  of  that  which  it  is  expected 
to  take  from  labor's  wage  when  organized 
labor  becomes  weak  enough  so  it  can't  re- 
sist. At  any  event,  the  design  is  to  take 
from  labor  a  fund,  a  part  of  which  it  will 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


THAT  CAPITALIST  WAR  FUND 


661 


be  proStable  to  use  in  the  subjugation  and 
en^avement  of  labor.  It  is  like  the  school- 
master who  sends  the  boy  out  to  cut  a  whip 
with  which  he  is  to  be  chastised.  Will  labor 
submit? 

Why  does  Van  Cleave  and  his  associate 
union  smashers  determine  upon  this  tre- 
mendous onslaught  upon  organized  labor? 
Is  it  because  labor  insists  upoi\  a  high  wage 
rate?  High  wage  is  a  true  indicator  of 
prosperity.  High  wage  rates  bring  more 
money  into  the  pockets  of  wage-earners. 
Does  that  interfere  with  the  profit  making 
of  the  few?  There  are  no  wage-earners  who 
think  they  are  getting  too  much.  There 
can  be  no  healthy  objection  to  organized 
labor  on  that  score.  High  wages  crowd  no 
one  out  of  employment.  In  fact,  there  is 
less  idleness  under  a  high  wage  period  than 
when  wages  are  low.  Is  it  because  organ- 
ized labor  demands  a  shorter  workday? 

Organized  labor  has  no  fear  of  the  pro- 
posed fighting  fund  of  organized  capital. 
The  Manufacturers*  Association  by  its  en- 
actment has  made  a  most  remarkable  ex- 
posure of  high-handed  selfishness.  When 
we  look  upon  a  wealthy  manufacturer,  or 
a  high  stock-holding  official  of  a  corpora- 
tion, we  regret  to  contemplate  in  him  a 
low-minded  designer  upon  the  earnings  of 
labor.  We  prefer  to  regard  him  as  being 
anxious  to  promote  the  interests  of  those 
financially  less  fortunate.  We  are  anxious 
to  regard  him  as  a  benefactor  of  society, 
and  one  who  will  exert  his  ability  to  the 
fullest  extent  to  alleviate  the  burdens  of 
those  who  toil  in  his  employ.  But  those 
of  the  Manufacturers*  Association  who  as- 
sisted in  the  enactment  of  the  $1,500,000 
union  fighting  fund  proposition  are  em- 
phatic examples  expressing  the  danger  of 
such  contemplation  of  employers  as  a  whole. 
The  enactment  exemplifies  the  wisdom  of  the 
organization  of  labor  for  mutual  protection. 
If  there  could  ever  have  been  a  question  in 
the  mind  of  any  wage-earner  as  to  the  value 
of  organization,  that  question  should  be  dis- 
pelled by  the  union  fighting  fund  enactment 
of  the  Manufacturers*  Association. 


John  H.  Brinkman, 


SecreUry-Tremsurer,  Carriage  and  Wagon  Workers'  Union. 

I  am  neither  alarmed  nor  discouraged  at 
Mr.  Van  Cleave*s  contribution  to  the  manu- 
facturers'   bureau    **of    how    to    destroy 


trade  unions.*'  I  am,  however,  appre- 
hensive of  the  moral  effect  it  will  have  upon 
a  few  of  our  citizens.  From  time  im- 
memorial Labor  has  been  beset  with  many 
and  powerful  obstacles  on  its  march  from 
abject  slavery  to  the  fields  of  freedom. 
Every  inch  of  its  way  has  been  contested 
by  those  who  desired  to  live  by  the  sweat 
of  other  men's  brows,  on  the  one  side,  and 
upon  the  other,  by  those  who  through 
ignorance,  co-operated  with  them,  from  the 
feudalist  of  old  to  the  captains  o!  industry 
of  our  own  time,  but  in  vain.  Labor  stands 
triumphant,  proud,  and  defiant  before  the 
world,  with  its  face  towards  the  rising  and 
not  the  setting  sun,  with  an  eye  single  to 
the  best  interests  and  happiness  of  all  our 
people.  It  has  a  charge  to  keep  and  a 
duty  to  perform  ;  it  will  shirk  neither. 

We  will  meet  the  false  and  alluring  cries 
of  the  Parrys  and  Van  Cleaves  for  a  cor- 
ruption fund  with  which  to  throttle  the 
press,  debauch  our  citizens,  lower  our 
standard  of  living  and  destroy  the  pros- 
perity of  the  country  through  a  curtailment 
of  the  purchasing  power  of  the  people,  with 
a  greater  and  more  potent  organization  of 
labor,  and  with  a  keener  realization  of  our 
duties  to  the  state,  our  unions,  our  families 
and  our  pnosterity.  We  will  meet  corrup- 
tion with  virtue,ignorance  with  intelligence, 
and  treason  with  patriotism.  There  can 
be  absolutely  no  doubt  of  the  outcome. 
Victory  will  be  outs.  We  have  never  met 
defeat  in  our  onward  march  toward  the 
realization  of  a  better  and  nobler  manhood 
and  womanhood.  Let  the  proclamations 
of  Parry  and  Van  Cleave  inspire  us  to 
greater  eflfort.  let  there  be  a  more  pro- 
nounced disposition  to  work  for  the  cause 
of  humanity,  from  the  highest  official  to 
the  most  obscure  member  in  our  great  and 
grand  movement.  Let  us  gird  up  our  loins 
and  be  on  the  alert,  for  there  are  countless 
millions  yet  unborn  crying  out  to  us  to  go 
forward. 

Let  us  meet  the  cry  of  Van  Cleave  for 
the  destruction  of  our  unions  and  our  hopes, 
with  a  larger  and  more  efficient  organiza- 
tion of  American  workingmen  and  working- 
women.  He  may  bribe,  or  attempt  to  bribe 
with  his  corruption  fund,  those  who  make 
the  laws  of  our  country  and  those  who  in- 
terpret them.  He  may  employ  men  who 
would  not  stop  short  of  murder  in  doing 
his  bidding  to  embarrass  organized  labor, 
only  at  last  to  realize  that  it  is  as  futile  to 

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attempt  to  arrest  the  onward  march  of 
America's  most  intelligent  and  useful  citi- 
zens as  to  brush  back  the  ocean  waves  as 
they  dash  upon  the  shore. 

Be  it  known  to  Mr.  Van  Cleave  that  he 
is  in  free  America,  not  darkest  Russia,  and. 
that  the  labor  movement  of  the  United 
States  is  the  highest  expression  of  the  in- 
telligence of  American  wealth  producers. 
The  labor  movement  of  this  country  is  as 
fixed  an  institution  as  the  public  schools. 
I  would  as  leave  destroy  one  as  the  other. 
Organization  and  education  should  be  our 
watchword. 


Arthur  E.  Holder. 


**  By  Ignorance  is  pride  increased 
They  most  assume  who  know  the  least." 

The  National  Association  of  Manufactur- 
ers refuses  to  learn  the  lessons  taught  by 
nature,  history,  and  experience. 

These  men  are  blinded  by  the  glare  of 
profit.  They  ignore  the  natural  laws  of 
equilibrium  and  compensation  that  are  posi- 
tive and  inflexible. 

•*  To  everything  there  is  a  season,  and  a 
time  to  every  purpose  under  the  sun"  said 
Solomon  in  one  of  his  reflective  moods. 
History  verifies  his  observation  and  this 
being  so  it  naturally  follows  that  every- 
thing in  nature  coiltains  all  the  powers  of 
nature  and  provides  its  own  counterparts. 

Humanity  is  thereby  blessed  with  com- 
parisons of  natural  forces  that  relieve 
monotony  thus :  cause  and  effect ;  expan- 
sion and  contraction ;  darkness  and  light; 
heat  and  cold ;  attraction  and  repulsion  ; 
spirit  and  matter  ;  male  and  female  ;  motion 
and  rest.  Every  poison  has  its  antidote ; 
every  virtue  a  defect;  every  sweet  its  sour; 
every  evil  its  good.  Nature  loathes  monopo- 
lies and  is  lavish  with  varieties,  compensat- 
ing with  harvest  for  seed  ;  plenty  for  want ; 
hope  for  fear ;  virtue  for  vice ;  strength 
for  weakness ;  truth  for  falsehood,  and 
liberty  for  repression. 

The  National  Manufacturers'  Association 
brushes  these  valuable  lessons  aside  as  pal- 
try sentiments  and  its  representatives  de- 
claim like  parrots:  * '  Business  is  business. ' ' 

In  their  ignorance  they  live  in  a  past 
age,  and  fondly  cling  to  the  fallacy  that 
because  they  possess  wealth  they  have 
power  to  set   back  the  hands  of  time,  or 


compel  the  waves  of  the  sea  to  stand  still. 

In  their  perversity  of  heart,  and  density 
of  brain,  history  is  valueless  and  they  wil- 
fully disregard  thestubbom  fact  that  dvili- 
zation  has  developed  in  spite  of  the  opposi- 
tion of  their  class. 

Many  historical  examples  should  serve  as 
a  warning  and  convince  the  manufacturers 
that  it  is  folly  for  them  to  * '  kick  against 
the  pricks"  by  madly  trying  to  block  the 
wheels  of  progress. 

Mr.  Van  Cleave,  president  of  the  Manu- 
facturers' Association,  represents  the  same 
dead  issues  for  which  the  predecessors  in 
his  class  stood,  viz,  all  the  vested  wron^ 
of  absolutism,  tyranny,  cruelty,  persecu- 
tion, espionage,  misrepresentation,  ignor- 
ance, anarchy,  slavery,  robbery,  and  most 
abominableof  all  infanticide,thtis  degrading 
himself  and  his  associates  by  emulating 
Pharaoh  and  Herod. 

It  is  almost  incredible  that,  in  this  age, 
after  I30  years  of  popular  government  and 
public  schools  that  such  an  atrocity  can 
find  enough  fanatics  to  give  him  an  audi- 
ence; or  be  permitted  by  the  authorities  to 
remain  at  large. 

But  nature's  beneficent  law  of  compen- 
sation is  again  equal  to  the  occasion,  and 
presents  its  counter  influence  to  level  the 
overbearing  and  insolent  at  the  proper  time 
and  season. 

Again  another  man  of  the  people  is  pre- 
paired  to  battle  for  the  cause  of  natural 
rights,  and  another  force  stands  ready  to 
combat  reactionary  tactics.  The  man  is 
Samuel  Gompers  and  the  force  the  Ameri- 
can Federation  of  Labor. 

This  opposing  force  vibrates  with  the 
same  lofty  ideals  and  living  issues  made 
paramount  by  other  heroes  known  to  his- 
tory, and  it  is  actuated  by  sympathy,  order, 
industry,  law,  liberty,  love,  and  justice.  It 
is  composed  of  patriots  and  home  loving 
people  who  thoroughly  understand  the 
sinister  meaning  of  the  million  and  one  half 
dollar  appropriation  recently  made  by  the 
manufacturers  to  protect  their  so-called 
**self-interests." 

That  appropriation  means  more  bitter 
persecution  and  a  more  intense  exploita- 
tion of  labor — that's  all. 

Persecution  is  a  contemptible  effort  to 
defeat  justice;  it  tries  to  cheat  nature.  The 
more  it  is  applied  the  quicker  its  own  de- 
signs are  outwitted. 


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663 


History  will  again  repeat  itself.  The 
public  conscience  is  bound  to  prevail.  The 
natural  law  of  compensation  will  again  be 
vindicated.  Progress  will  continue.  Justice 
will  be  established  and  the  common  people — 
the  wage-  earners — will  joyously  proclaim : 
"Our  liberties  we  prize  and  our  rights  we 
will  maintain." 


Jerome  Jones, 


Orgaoixer,  American  Federation  of  I«abor. 

In  raising  a  fund  of  a  million  and  a  half 
of  dollars  to  fight  organized  labor  the 
National  Association  of  Manufacturers  has 
taken  the  wrong  course.  Co-operation, 
not  hostility,  is  the  wise  policy.  Organized 
labor  is  as  much  a  logical  product  of 
modem  industrial  conditions  as  organized 
capital.  If  one  is  bad,  so  is  the  other. 
If  one  is  to  be  fought,  so  is  the  other. 
But  both  have  their  good  points — and  both 
are  here  to  stay. 

The  world  must  make  the  best  of  this 
condition  of  human  progress  and  deal 
fairly  all  around.  Let  us  take  for  granted 
that  Mr.  Van  Cleave  is  a  fair  and  honest 
employer,  and  is  always  willing  to  grant  to 
his  men  an  increase  of  wages  in  proportion 
as  his  business  prospers  or  the  cost  of  liv- 
ing advances.  Does  Mr.  Van  Cleave 
believe  that  such  a  spirit  is  prevalent 
among  the  em|^oying  classes  generally  in 
this  day  and  time? 

Do  not  the  material  facts  bear  out  just 
the  reverse  of  such  a  spirit?  And  then  we 
do  not  attribute  to  the  employing  class  a 
greater  spirit  of  avarice  than  is  found  in 
mankind  generally. 

But  what  can  Mr.  Van  Cleave  hope  to 
attain  that  will  be  beneficial  to  the  country 
if  his  policy  is  carried  to  a  conclusion? 

We  take  it  that  these  men  are  patriotic 
citizens — at  least  we  so  credit  them — and 
that  it  is  not  their  purpose  to  plunge  this 
country  into  a  state  of  anarchy. 

Labor  organizations  are  the  natural  out- 
growth of  the  present  economic  system. 
The  working  people  seek  organization  just 
as  naturally  as  the  wild  horses  of  the  plains 
go  in  groups  and  form  a  circle  for  their 
protection  and  that  of  their  young. 

Labor  unions  are  founded  on  law  and 
order  and  the  highest  attributes  of  civil- 
ized thought  and  progress. 


If  it  were  in  the  power  of  Mr.  Van  Cleave 
and  his  associates  to  carry  out  their  evil 
designs  two  events  would  follow  that  would 
bode  no  good  to  this  country. 

First}  the  American  workmen  as  such 
would  no  longer  be  free  men  at  liberty  to 
barter  and  sell  their  labor  at  the  best 
advantage,  and  by  best  advantage  is  meant, 
not  a  personal  advantage,  but  at  a  figure 
that  would  enable  the  men  to  meet  all  the 
requirements  necessary  to  live  and  rear  a 
family  that  would  be  a  credit  to  the 
country  in  which  we  live.  The  Van  Cleave 
idea  would  soon  make  unnecessary  the  erec- 
tion of  public  schools  that  we  now  point  to 
as  one  of  the  glories  of  our  country  and 
age.  In  fact,  the  public  schools  are  largely 
responsible  for  the  rapid  growth  and 
progress  of  labor  unions,  and  if  Mr.  Van 
Cleave  and  his  associates  would  make 
their  attempt  at  destruction  sure  they  must 
first  destroy  all  hope  of  the  children 
of  the  workers  gaining  a  public  school 
education. 

If  by  Mr.  Van  Cleave' s  method  we  are  re- 
duced to  the  stage  of  bare  existence  what 
good  has  he  accomplished,  for  surely  this 
must  be  the  object  sought.  His  very  proc- 
lamation suggests  this. 

If  the  labor  unions  are  not  fulfilling  the 
mission  for  which  they  were  intended, 
namely,  to  benefit  the  workers  of  the  va- 
rious crafts — to  increase  wages  when  the 
business  of  the  country  justifies  such  a 
step,  and  decrease  the  hours  of  toil  when 
the  country's  prosperity  justifies  the  ac- 
tion— why  does  Mr.  Van  Cleave  want  to  put 
a  stumbling  block  in  the  way  of  their 
progress? 

If  the  labor  unions  are  not  becoming  a 
powerful  and  potent  factor  for  the  good  of 
the  working  class — and  that  seems  to  be  the 
head  and  front  of  their  offending — why 
does  Mr.  Van  Cleave  and  his  fellow  patriots 
protest? 

The  simple  truth  is  that  the  workers  are 
coming  into  some  of  their  rights — nothing 
more,  nothing  less — and  it  ill  becomes  such 
an  American  as  Mr.  Van  Cleave  to  do  aught 
to  hinJer  or  abridge  in  any  manner  any 
policy  that  makes  for  the  uplift  of  Ameri- 
can citizens. 

If  it  were  possible  to  seriously  impede 
the  progress"  of  labor  unions  such  action 
would  only  encourage  a  malignant  fever  of 
discontent  that  could  prove  a  fertile  field 
for  disturbers  of  industrial  peace. 

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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


These  manufacturers  are  surely  sewing 
the  seeds  of  future  trouble.  Let  them  and 
their  descendants  take  heed.  Among  the 
grain  may  be  found  many  tares.  A  good 
book,  which  has  stood  the  test  of  time  in 
the  ages,  has  writ  in  it  these  words:  *  *  As  ye 
sew,  so  shall  ye  reap  when  the  harvest  time 
is  come.'* 


W.  F.  Costello, 


Scc.-Trea«.,  Sf  earn,  Hot  Water,  and  Power  Pipe  Fitters. 

The  National  Manufacturers*  Associa- 
tion a  short  time  ago  agreed  to  the  recom- 
mendation of  Mr.  Van  Cleave,  their  presi- 
dent, by  appointing  a  committee  of  35  to 
collect  the  sum  of  $500,000  per  year  for  the 
next  three  years  for  the  purpose  of  provid- 
ing ways  and  means  to  federate  the  em- 
ployers of  the  country  and  educate  the 
manufacturers  to  a  proper  sense  of  their 
own  "duty,  patriotism,  and  self-interest." 

The  portion  of  the  recommendation  re- 
lating to  '*duty,  patriotism,  and  self- inter- 
est*' is  without  doubt  the  real  sentiment  of 
the  members  of  the  Manufacturers'  Asso- 
ciation as  expressed  in  the  report  of  their 
president,  Mr.  Van  Cleave. 

No  one  knows  better  than  the  members 
of  the  Manufacturers'  Association  that  a 
trade  union  is  a  practical  tangible  method 
adopted  by  the  employes  of  the  different 
manufacturers  for  the  purpose  of  exacting 
fair  compensation  for  their  labor.  No  one 
knows  better  than  Mr.  Van  Cleave  and  his 
associates  that  the  organized  workingmen 
receive  better  compensation  than  the  unor- 
ganized. Without  doubt  Mr.  Van  Cleave 
and  his  associates  are  not  over  anxious  to 
pay  the  higher  wage  scale  which  eventually 
follows  as  a  result  of  organized  efforts  on 
the  part  of  the  employes.  Very  likely  the 
president  of  the  Manufacturers'  Associa- 
tion endeavored  to  impress  on  the  minds  of 
the  members  that  their,  duty,  patriotism, 
and  self-interest  required  the  accumulation 
of  the  modest  sum  of  $500,000,  multiplied 
by  three  ($1,500,000),  to  use  it  to  prevent 
the  growth  of  trade  unionism,  hoping 
thereby  to  increase  the  profits  of  the  manu- 
facturers at  the  expense  of  the  employes. 
Mr.  Van  Cleave  will  learn  to  his  sorrow 
that  he  and  his  associates  are  using  an  im- 
practical plan  to  destroy  a  practical  organi- 


zation and  when  the  smoke  of  battle  is 
cleared  away  he  will  perceive,  as  have  his 
predecessors,  that  the  banner  of  trade 
unionism  is  still  floating  from  the  top  mast 
and  that  its  membership  is  loyal  and  tiue. 


J.  C.  Skemp, 


Secretary-Treasurer,  Brotherhood  o(   Painters,  Decorators 
and  Paperhadgers. 

Fortunately  it  has  not  been  left  to  trade 
unionists  to  cast  suspicion  upon  Mr.  Van 
Cleave's  motive  in  advising  the  raising  of  a 
million  and  a  half  dollar  educational  fund. 
The  great  daily  and  weekly  newspapers 
especially  concerned  for  the  welfare  of  the 
employers  ignore  Mr.  Van  Cleave' s  ex- 
planation of  the  use  to  which  this  fund  is 
to  be  put,  assert  that  it  is  to  b^  used  for 
the  incitement  of  industrial  warfare  and 
condemn  this  policy  as  extremely  unwise 
and  fore- doomed  to  bring  disaster  not  only 
upon  wage-earners  and  employers,  but  the 
people  generally. 

We  can  afford  to  be  more  generous  than 
the  press;  probabfy  Mr.  Van  Cleave  had 
no  definite  plan  in  his  mind,  possibly  he  is 
**trying  out"  the  members  of  his  associa- 
tion intending,  if  they  demonstrate  a 
willingness  to  subscribe  to  prepare  a  plan 
of  campaign  along  the  lines  which  he 
advocates. 

The  radical  element  was  sufficiently 
numerous  to  secure  the  adoption  of  his  rec- 
ommendation; it  remains  to  be  seen 
whether  the  committee  will  succeed  in 
coining  the  enthusiasm  into  cash. 

If  so  what  will  he  do  with  it?  The  sum 
is  too  small  to  more  than  finance  the  first 
skirmish  in  an  industrial  war.  If,  as  the 
press  seems  to  think,  that  is  his  object,  this 
call  is  only  the  first  of  many,  what  the 
gambler  terms  a  **come-on."  Just  enough 
to  awaken  the  employers  interest  in  the 
game  and  create  a  feeling  that  they  must 
stay  for  the  finish,  sufficient  to  commit 
them  to  a  radical  policy. 

A  call  for  $20,000,000  would  have  been 
defeated,  but  by  first  asking  for  a  modest 
amount  possibly  Mr.  Van  Cleave  believes 
he  will  finally  succeed  in  accumulating  a 
fund  sufficiently  large  to  enable  him  to 
commence  a  campaign  for  the  destruction 
of  trade  unions  and  incidentally  of  com- 
mercial prosperity. 


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The  first  instalment  may  be  used  for 
''educational  purposes,"  but  it  will  be  a 
new  departure  in  industrial  education. 

Mr.  Post's  method  of  purchasing  space 
by  the  column  for  the  insertion  of  hysteri- 
cal attacks  upon  unionism  would  meet  with 
the  approval  of  the  newspaper  proprietors, 
but  the  **  press  bureau"  would  appeal 
more  strongly  to  Mr.  Van  Cleave.  The 
Standard  Oil  Company  and  the  public  ser- 
vice corporations  have  found  the  purchase  of 
editorial  and  news  columns  and  the  inser- 
tion of  carefully  prepared  matter  at  so 
much  per  line  a  very  efficient  means  of  in- 
fluencing public  opinion.  A  tainted  news 
service  of  considerable  magnitude  could  be 
maintained  for  half  a  million  a  year. 

Perhaps  Mr.  Van  Cleave  will  devise  and 
try  to  create  a  demand  for  an  open  shop 
label.  The  employers  keenly  appreciate 
the  wonderful  effectiveness  of  the  union 
label.  The  printers*  struggle  for  the  eight 
hour  day  convinced  any  who  doubled  of 
the  power  of  this  weapon  intelligently  used. 

But  the  union  label  means  fair  wages, 
decent  working  conditions,  more  cheerful 
homes,  children  better  fed,  clothed  and 
educated.  It  makes  an  appeal  to  the  hearts 
and  consciences  of  the  consuming  public. 

What  would  the  non-union  label  repre- 
sent ?  lyow  wages,  long  hours,  unsanitary 
working  conditions,  miserable  homes,  the 
sweat-shop,  possible  contagion,  and  death. 
It  would  surely  prove  a  boomerang  to  the 
manufacturer  who  placed  it  upon  his  goods. 

We  are  compelled  to  accept  the  conclu- 
sions of  the  press — the  fund  is  to  be  used  to 
fight  unioni.sm;  that  is  the  only  purpose  to 
which  it  can  logically  be  put. 

The  more  judicious  of  our  opponents 
realize  the  danger  which  threatens.  They 
know  that  industrial  war  once  commenced 
may  lead  to  revolutionary  changes  in  our 
industrial  system  which  they  would  fain 
prevent  or  at  least  delay. 

Changes  in  the  conditions  of  workmen 
in  American  industries  have  heretofore 
been  gradual,  disputes  have  usually  been 
confined  to  a  single  industry  or  to  a  single 
locality.  The  more  extensive  conflicts  have 
come  singly;  each  has  been  adjusted  before 
another  was  entered  upon  and  none  have 
been  of  sufficient  magnitude  to  paralyze 
the  business  of  the  entire  country. 

Progress  is  inevitable,  the  wiser  among 
the  employers  prefer  that  it  be  made  along 


the  lines  of  least  resistance;  that  time  be 
given  to  adjust  business  methods  to  new 
conditions  in  one  industry  before  a  change 
is  made  in  another.  This  is  the  natural 
method  for  a  self-governing  people. 

Where  political  progress — in  Russia,  for 
example — can  only  be  secured  through 
revolution  that  is  the  logical  method.  But 
this  is  not  necessary  in  a  democracy.  The 
policy  of  the  trade  unions  in  the  past, 
shows  conclusively  that  organized  labor  in 
America  believes  in  evolutionary  methods 
in  the  struggle  for  better  conditions.  If 
the  opposition  decides  to  raise  an  immense 
industrial  war  fund — if  there  is  to  be  a 
general  combination  of  the  employers  to 
crush  trade  unionism,  if  evolution  must 
give  place  to  revolution,  we  shall  be  com- 
pelled to  meet  the  issue,  but  it  will  not  be 
on  the  initiative  or  with  the  consent  of 
Americantrade  unionism;  the  responsibility 
will  lie  entirely  with  the  American  busi- 
ness man. 

We  are  accustomed  to  being  tendered 
gratuitous  advice  as  to  the  management  of 
labor  organizations.  Our  leaders  and  our 
policies  are  objects  of  unceasing  criticism 
by  the  informed  and  the  ignorant,  the  able 
and  the  incompetent.  We  may.  perhaps,  be 
pardoned  if  at  this  crisis  we  impress  upon 
the  employers  the  urgent  need  for  safe  and 
sane  leadership;  the  necessity  that  good 
judgment  be  used  and  that  fire  brands  be 
not  permitted  to  commit  business  men  to  a 
policy  which  must  result  in  disaster. 

The  mental  attitude  of  Messrs.  Van 
Cleave,  Parry,  and  Post  is  that  of  him  who 
in  1870  boasted  that  France  entered  into 
war  with  Germany  with  a  light  heart. 
The  fate  of  those  who  wilfully  and  cheer- 
fully incite  industrial  warfare  in  the  United 
States  will  be  no  happier  than  that  of  the 
people  of  France. 

Never  did  American  employers  so  need 
to  pray  that  they  be  saved  from  their 
friends,  never  was  there  such  crying  de- 
mand for  broad-minded,  foresighted,  true- 
hearted  men  to  guide  the  destinies  of  the 
business  interests  of  the  nation. 


F.  T.  Hawley, 


President,  Switchmen's  Union.  North  America. 

Mr.  Van  Cleave's  appeal  for  funds  means, 
in  its  most  comprehensive  sense,  an  at- 
tempt to  annihilate  labor  unions.    He  sees. 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


in  the  strength  of  organized  labor  a  power 
that  will  eventually  obtain  that  degree  of 
justice  for  the  wage-earners  of  this  country 
which  is  due  to  them,  and  Van  Cleave 
shows  not  only  prejudice  against  the 
unions  in  his  appeal,  but  he  also  fears 
them. 

There  is  no  doubt  but  he  anticipates  a 
general  business  depression  within  the  next 
three  years,  and,  thinking  it  will  affect 
labor  organizations,  he  intends  to  attack 
them  when  they  are  weak  in  membership; 
but  the  trade  unions,  however,  are  so 
strong  that  there  need  be  no  cause  of  fear 
on  their  part  that  such  attempts  will  exter- 
minate them,  for  they  will  stand  through, 
depression  as  well  as  prosperity.  They 
could  not  be  destroyed  in  their  incipiency, 
and  they  can  not  be  crushed  now. 

Van  Cleave  says  nothing  of  the  trusts 
which  are  daily  making  fortunes  for  a  few 
individuals  through  the  hard  labor  of  the 
wage  slave;  but  he  bitterly  attacks  trade 
unions  which  only  aim  to  secure  the  eman- 
cipation of  the  wage  slave. 

Through  the  advice  of  Samuel  Gompers, 
President  of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor,  organized  lat)or  has  become  inter- 
ested in  politics,  and  this  has  already 
proved  to  be  of  advantage,  for  by  electing 
those  to  public  oflSce  who  are  friends  of 
justice,  it  has  compelled  several  law  mak- 
ers and  interpreters  of  law  to  sit  up  and 
listen  to  the  just  demands  of  the  voters 
who  toil,  for  they  realize  if  these  just  de- 
mands are  ignored  there  will  be  others 
elected  to  their  positions.  For  accepting 
the  advice  of  Mr.  Gompers  trade  unions 
are  accused  of  attempting  to  *' terrorize 
Congress  and  the  President/'  but  the  capi- 
talists who  refuse  to  obey  the  law  are  com- 
mended for  their  refusal.  Organized  labor 
will  not  refuse  to  obey  the  law,  and  will 
respect  the  courts,  but  it^  defies  Van  Cleave 
and  his  associates,  and  he  will  find  it  use- 
less to  spend  money  in  * 'fighting  industri- 
alism.** In  spite  of  the  combinations  and 
contributions  against  it,  organized  labor 
will  continue  to  grow,  and  when  Van 
Cleave  and  his  associates  will  be  forgotten, 
or  their  names  only  recalled  with  con- 
tempt, the  wage-earners'  improved  condi- 
tions will  be  a  living  example  of  organized 
labor's  achievement.  Then  will  we  have 
equal  rights  to  all  and  special  privileges  to 
none. 


P.  J.  McArdle, 


National  frrsideat,  Amal^dtnalrd  As»ciatioo.  h«is*  St«U 
and  Tin  Warkrrtf. 

In  this  era  of  wonderful  achievemeuts  we 

are  sometimes  startled  more  at  what  sonie 
men  propose  doing  than  at  what  the  mo^t 
successful  have  done.  In  this  connection 
we  have  a  recent  example  in  the  proposi- 
tion of  President  Van  Cleave  of  the  Manc^ 
facturers'  Association  to  raise  and  expend  a 
fund  of  oueanda  half  million  dollars  tor  the 
advancement  of  the  aims  of  that  orgatiiza^ 
tion.  While  Mr.  Van  Cleave  bad  not  the 
frankness  to  say  so,  all  who  are  acquainted 
with  him  and  his  associates  understand  very 
well  that  the  bulk  of  this  fund  is  to  bt 
used  to  crush  out  the  labor  organizattoiis 
of  the  country. 

Ostensibly  the  purpose  of  Mr,  Van 
Cleavers  is  to  * 'fight  industrial  oppression*' 
and  to  "educate  our  manufacturers  to  a 
proper  sense  of  their  own  duty,  patriotism. 
and  self-interest. " 

To  the  Van  Cleave- Parry- Post  coterie 
any  organized  effort  to  better  the  conditions 
of  their  employes  is  * 'industrial  oppres- 
sion" and  their  '*duty"  and  "patriotism' 
is  always  measured  by  their  **selfinteresL" 

If  the  expenditure  of  even  this  enormous 
sum  of  money  would  establish  a  relation 
between  employer  and  employe  in  this 
country  according  to  the  ideals  of  the  afore- 
mentioned parties,  it  would  no  doubt  prove 
a  bonanza  investment  for  them-  But  the 
promoters  of  this  scheme  seem  to  have  for- 
gotten the  fact  that  their  industrial  ances- 
tors, the  feudal  lords,  had  the  same  ideafi 
of  the  proper  relation  between  employer 
and  employe,  and  by  the  practical  applica* 
tion  of  them  were  responsible  for  the  birth 
of  the  trade  union  movement.  It  was  bom 
of  sheer  necessity,  after  passing  through  its 
full  embryonic  state,  and  will  live  as  long 
as  there  is  necessity  for  it. 

The  achievements  of  the  modem  trade 
unions  for  industrial  peace  have  been  too 
great  to  make  it  at  all  likely  that  this  lateM 
attack  will  have  any  lasting  ill  effects. 

It  is  not  to  be  supposed  that  these  self- 
appointed  executioners  of  the  labor  nnions 
will  be  pertnitted  to  abolish  the  many  con- 
ferences that  are  always  being  held  for  the 
purpose  of  adjusting  amicably  the  differ- 
ences between  organized  workmen  ard  ihtir 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


THAT  CAPITALIST  WAR  FUND 


667 


reasonable  and  fairly  disposed  employers. 
Such  relations  are  the  natural  outgrowth  of 
sane  methods  of  organization  among  work- 
ingmen  and  have  proved  to  be  of  too  great 
value  to  both  sides  for  either  of  them  to  be 
influenced  by  these  mercenary  minions  who 
presume  to  speak  for  the  Manufacturers' 
Association. 

It  is  to  be  presumed  that  if  the  fund  is 
contributed  the  fanatical  oflScials  will  see 
that  it  is  spent,  but  if  so  it  will  not  be  with- 
out its  valuable  lesson  to  the  American 
workingman.  It  will  soon  dawn  on  him  that 
this  **war  fund,'*  like  all  others  of  its  na- 
ture, must  be  met  outof  the  products  of  his 
toil,  and  he  will  realize  that  if  his  money  is 
to  be  spent  it  should  be  spent  in  his  own 
behalf,  therefore  the  '*devil  will  be  fought 
with  fire." 

The  Van  Cleaves,  Parrys,  and  Posts  may 
rant,  ransack,  and  rob,  but  so  long  as  their 
kind  encumber  the  earth  the  labor  unions 
will  live  and  grow  stronger,  because  there 
will  be  a  necessity  for  them. 


Marcus  M.  Marks, 


A  Manufacturer. 

On  general  principles  I  am  opposed  to 
large  amounts  of  money  being  raised  by  a 
class,  whether  employers  or  employes.  If 
intended  as  sinews  of  industrial  war  they 
are  dangerous  and  against  public  policy. 
Preparedness  for  serious  conflict  is  apt  to 
precipitate  trouble;  the  delay  caused  by 
unpreparedness  gives  time  for  explanation 
and  conciliation. 

If,  however,  funds  raised  by  either  class 
of  the  industrial  community  are  intended 
for  educational  purposes,  other  considera- 
tions should  be  weighed.  Naturally  educa- 
tion is  the  greatest  force  for  the  elevation 
of  humanity.  Knowledge  in  general 
tends  to  break  down  the  barriers  between 
man  and  man,  and  all  movements  in  the 
direction  of  general  enlightenment  per  se 
deserve  our  commendation. 

But  there  is  danger  in  any  one  class  of 
our  society  undertaking  a  campaign  of 
education.  In  a  republic  like  ours  the 
State  should  have  the  direction  of  the  edu- 
cation of  aU  the  people.  Any  class,  seeing 
the  need  of  specific  courses  of  training, 
should,   in    a    proper    manner,   bring    its 


influence  to  bear  upon  the  State  rather  than 
collect  funds  to  carry  out  its  own  program. 

I  sincerely  regret,  however,  that  a  secret 
and  unworthy  motive  should  be  imputed 
to  the  action  of  the  National  Association 
of  Manufacturers.  Though  some  of  its 
members  may  desire  to  see  the  unions 
crushed,  I  am  sure  that  the  vast  piajority 
have  no  such  feelings  and  would  not  con- 
tribute to  a  fund  for  that  purpose.  Though 
I  am  not  a  member  of  this  particular  associ- 
ation, my  experience  with  many  other  com- 
mercial organizations  has  confirmed  my 
conviction  that  employers  as  a  class,  par- 
ticularly those  who  are  members  of  one  or 
another  trade  organization,  fully  recognize 
the  equal  right  of  their  employes  to  belong 
to  unions.  They  resent  only  the  lawless 
and  harmful  action  of  certain  unions  that 
go  beyond  their  rights  in  coercive  and  ob- 
noxious measures. 

While  it  is  true  that  the  action  of  some 
employers  lays  them  bare  to  suspicion,  why 
should  such  a  large  and  representative  body 
of  employers  as  are  embraced  in  the  mem- 
bership of  the  National  Association  of  Man- 
ufacturers be  suspected  of  the  ulterior  mo- 
tive of  union  smashing,  when  they  publicly 
state  that  a  fund  is  to  be  collected  for  edu- 
cational purposes?  Is  not  the  expression 
of  such  suspicions  unwise?  May  it  not 
tend  to  fan  into  a  flame  the  class-passion 
which  already  interferes  so  often  with  the 
amicable  settlement  of  differences  between 
employers  and  employes?  In  my  experi- 
ence as  mediator  in  labor  difiiculties  I 
have  found  that  most  of  them  were  brought 
on  by  unfounded  suspicions  on  one  side  or 
the  other.  Would  it  not  be  fairer  and 
more  politic  to  await  developments  a  bit 
before  drawing  any  conclusions? 

I  hope  that  this  suggestion  will  be  favor- 
ably considered,  and  that  further  conjec- 
tures and  futile  advance  discussion  will 
cease.  Meanwhile  let  the  use  of  the 
** round  table"  be  more  freely  encouraged. 
Conferences,  resulting  in  better  mutual  ac- 
quaintance, will  surely  reveal  the  fact  that 
employers  and  employes  are,  in  most  cases, 
both  earnest  and  sincere.  Given  the  proper 
opportunity  patiently  to  thresh  out  the 
problems  of  capital  and  labor  and  the  peace 
of  justice  will  ultimately  prevail.  All  the 
people  should  join  in  a  campaign  of  educa- 
tion in  this  direction. 


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668  AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


EDITORIAL 

By  SAMUEL  GOMPERS. 

LABOR  DAY  Labor  Day.  1907,  we  greet  thee  with  hearts  aglow,  aglow 
GREETING  '  with  the  fervor  of  enthusiasm  of  battles  waged,  su£Fering 
AND  .borne,    and   glorious    victories    achieved    for    humanity. 

WARNING.  Proud  of  our  history,  more  determined  than  ever  to  press 
to  triumph  the  inspiring  hopes  and  ennobling  aspirations  of  the  manhood 
in  the  organized  labor  movement  of  our  time.  Labor  Day,  the  one  day  in 
the  year  specially  devoted  to  the  great  cause  represented  b>  organized  labor 
of  America.  There  are  a  number  of  holidays  in  the  year,  each  typifying 
some  great  cause,  some  great  principle,  some  great  achievement,  and  of  all 
of  which  we  are  justly  proud.  They  typify  the  advance  of  the  people  of  our 
country  on  the  road  to  national  life,  independence,  and  progress.  July  4th, 
Independence  Day,  is  especially  celebrated  because  of  this  fact,  and  not 
only  because  it  is  the  anniversary  day  of  the  birth  of  a  new  nation,  but 
also,  and  particularly,  because  it  accentuates  the  fact  that  on  that  day  a 
century  and  a  third  ago  there  was  given  to  the  world  a  new  definition,  a 
new  declaration,  of  the  rights  of  man. 

In  our  country  we  celebrate  not  only  Independence  Day,  but  also 
several  other  days.  They  all  mark  crises  of  our  national  progress,  our 
appreciation  of  the  accomplishments  of  those  who  have  gone  before,  those 
who  have  made  the  life  of  today  better  worth  living.  Yet,  after  all  is 
said  and  done  in  connection  with  the  days  we  celebrate  in  our  country  as 
national,  state,  or  local  holidays,  they  nearly  all  represent  in  some  form  the 
spirit  and  thought  of  military  contest,  conquest,  or  achievement.  It  is  not 
our  purpose  in  the  slightest  to  detract  from  the  glory  or  the  greatness  of 
any  of  the  holidays  which  we  annually  celebrate;  they  are  the  reminder  of 
great  events  in  the  march  of  our  national  and  general  progress. 

But  there  is  one  day  in  the  whole  year  dedicated  to  the  great  under- 
lying principle  which  is  represented  in  our  day  and  time  by  organized 
labor.  The  first  Monday  in  September  of  each  recurring  year  has  by  cus- 
tom, and  for  some  time  by  law,  been  designated  as  Labor  Day,  the  day  of 
all  the  days  in  the  calendar  of  the  year  devoted  and  consecrated  to  the 
great,  holy  and  noble  cause  of  Labor's  uplift.  This  day.  Labor  Day,  is 
the  first  recognition,  not  only  on  the  part  of  Labor  itself,  but  of  the  people 
— society  at  large — that  a  debt  of  obligation  is  due  to  the  toilers,  the  wealth 
producers  of  the  world.  It  is  a  day  set  apart  from  all  other  days  of  the 
year,  predicated  upon  the  idea  of  the  obligation  which  the  people  and 
society  owe  labor. 

Apart  entirely  from  the  idea  and  motive  to  write  in  tribute  to  Labor 
Day,  we  are  prompted  to  call  attention  to  the  peculiar  purpose  and  charac- 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST  m 

teristics  of  Labor  Day  because  in  one  of  our  largest  industrial  cities  an 
organization  recently  decided  to  abandon  the  Labor  Day  parade  and  demon- 
stration. It  is  not  necessary  to  give  all  the  reasons  advanced  for  the  course; 
the  principal  one  will  suflSce.  It  declared  that  *'it  would  be  better  for 
organized  labor  to  save  the  money  involved  in  a  Labor  Day  parade  and 
demonstration  and  utilize  it  as  a  fund  to  meet  any  attack  of  the  employers." 

That  large  funds,  defensive  or  otherwise,  for  Labor  are  desirable  and 
necessary  no  thinker  or  observer  will  dispute. 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  those  who  have  observed  or  thought  at  all  in 
connection  with  our  movement  will  understand  how  often  and  earnestly 
we  have  pleaded  for  the  creation  by  Labor  of  the  largest  and  best  available 
defense  fund.  A  fund  is  necessary  which  will  place  Labor  in  the  position 
to  successfully  resist  any  encroachment  upon  its  rights  and  its  interests;  to 
provide  the  means  with  which  to  enforce  its  increasing  demand  upon 
modern  society  for  justice  and  right;  a  fund,  with  the  spirit  behind  it, 
which  shall  make  Labor's  position  impregnable,  and  ensure  its  advance 
despite  every  obstacle.  But  it  is  with  the  defense  fimd  and  particularly 
with  the  spirit  of  labor  that  our  movement  must  be  most  concerned. 

From  our  earliest  connection  with  the  trade  union  movement  we  have 
urged  upon  our  fellow- workers  the  necessity  of  organization  first,  and  after 
organization  the  creation  of  funds  and  the  payment  of  benefits,  because  we 
realized  how  important  these  factors  are  in  the  industrial  struggle  for  better 
conditions.  So  far  as  has  been  in  our  power,  we  have  not  only  advocated, 
but  have  aided  in  the  enactment  of  them  as  permanent  features  of  many  of 
our  trade  unions. 

But  in  advocating  the  necessity  of  creating  large  defense  funds,  sight 
has  never  been  lost  for  a  moment  of  this  most  essential  fact,  that  the  "spirit 
of  unionism,"  willingness  to  bear  burdens,  to  make  temporary  sacrifice,  for 
the  sake  of  solidarity  and  brotherhood,  the  willingness  to  help  bear  others' 
burdens,  the  aspiration  to  aid  others  to  a  better  and  a  higher  life,  are  the 
necessary  qualities  for  a  healthy  and  permanent  advance  of  Labor's  cause. 

The  mistaken  course  suggested  by  our  friends  in  the  city  above  referred 
to  is  not  new.  It  was  urged  a  few  years  ago  by  an  out-of-date,  disgruntled 
labor  man  at  Pittsburg,  who  was  chagrined  at  witnessing  a  magnificent 
Labor  Day  parade  and  mass  meeting  in  that  city.  He,  too,  bewailed  the 
"awful  expense"  involved  in  Labor  Day  parades  and  demonstrations.  We 
then,  as  now,  took  occasion  to  recall  to  the  minds  of  our  fellow-unionists 
everywhere  the  necessity  of  checking  a  course  not  only  unwise,  but  posi- 
tively injurious  to  the  very  cause  of  organized  labor. 

The  wage-earners,  particularly  the  organized  trade  union  movement, 
ma}*^  well  look  to  it  that  Labor  Day  may  be  maintained  in  its  best  sense  and 
with  its  distinctive  characteristics  of  demonstration  and  power. 

Labor  demonstrations  on  Labor  Day  are  in  themselves  a  protest  against 
wrong,  and  an  agitation  for  the  right. 

Labor  Day  without  demonstration,  parades  and  meetings,  will,  as  sure 
as  the  sun  rises  and  sets,  lose  its  distinctive  characteristic  and  simply  be- 
come a  holiday  for  jollification,  without  other  purpose,  design,  or  result. 

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670  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

Already  we  find  social  and  fraternal  associations,  and  those  with  a 
speculative  turn  of  mind,  alluring  the  wage-earners  from  Labor  Day  parades 
and  demonstratioiis  to  outings,  picnica«  and  excursions,  gotten  up  purely 
for  private  profit;  and  particularly  is  this  true  in  such  places  where  poiiKies 
and  demonstrations  by  labor  have  been  even  temporarily  abandoned. 

Let  organized  labor  abandon  Labor  Day  as  a  distinctive  day,  with  its 
parades,  demonstrations,  meetings,  addresses,  and  social  features,  and  its 
individuality  may  be  lost  forever. 

It  is  true  that  some  expense  is  involved  in  a  bona  fide  labor  celebration 
of  Labor  Day.  But  what  is  that  expense  compared  with  the  wonderful 
advantages  secured  in  riveting  the  attention  of  the  world,  *friends,  and  op- 
ponents alike,  upon  the  great  cause  for  which  labor  stands? 

Incident  to  organized  labor's  Labor  Day  celebrations,  weeks  in  advance 
the  newspapers  of  every  city  throughout  the  country  publish  the  actions 
and  doings  of  labor;  the  hopes  and  aspirations  of  the  organized  labor 

movement. 

« 

On  Labor  Day  itself,  and  for  days  after,  special  features,  editorials, 
are  conspicuous  in  the  daily  press  and  magazines. 

The  day  before  Labor  Day,  Sunday,  ministers  of  the  Gospel  of  all 
denominations  usually  make  the  theme  of  labor  and  the  significance  of 
Labor  Day  the  text  of  their  sermons.  Is  it  likely  that  if  the  distinctive 
character  of  Labor  Day  were  to  be  abandoned  that  the  cause  of  labor  would 
receive  the  same  attention  from  the  public,  the  press,  and  the  pulpit. 

As  the  marching  hosts  of  Labor  pass  by  with  their  banners  unfurled 
floating  to  the  breezes,  they  stir  the  hearts  of  union  men  to  more  firmly 
cling  to  the  convictions  and  the  faith  that  is  within  them,  they  remind 
them  of  the  holiness  and  nobility  of  their  cause.  The  banners,  mottoes, 
and  slogans  of  Labor  fiing  defiance  to  our  opponents  and  encourage  the  un- 
organized to  make  common  cause  in  union  with  their  fellow- workmen. 

Labor  Day  demonstrations  quicken  the  conscience  of  those  inclined  to 
the  wrong  and  create  a  healthier  public  opinion  for  the  great  cause  for 
which  Labor  stands. 

As  the  workers  organize  and  show  the  strength  of  their  numbers  and 
the  unity  of  their  purposes,  by  their  Labor  Day  parades,  demonstrations, 
meetings,  addresses,  and  innocent  pleasures,  they  command  the  attention, 
respect,  and  confidence  of  our  fellow-workers,  and  in  the  last  analysis,  of  all 
the  people. 

The  educational  influence  and  impression  made  on  Labor  Day  will  be 
measured  by  the  earnestness  and  devotion  with  which  that  day  is  observed 
by  the  organized  wage-earners  of  our  country. 

Once  Labor  Day  is  diverted  from  its  true,  distinctive  characteristic, 
devoted  simply  to  meetings,  or  solely  social  features,  then  gradually  in  time 
the  meetings  will  be  discontinued,  and  Labor  Day  will  gradually,  but  surely, 
as  a  Labor  holiday,  disappear  forever. 

With  greater  steadfastness  and  intelligence,  our  fellow-workers  mani- 
fest their  pride  in  the  struggles  and  achievements  of  both  the  past  and 
present;  with  greater  confidence  and  devotion  are  they  determined  to 
struggle  on  for  the  triumph  of  their  hopes  for  the  futuri^^^^  ^  LjOOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATtONIST  671 

The  labor  movement  of  our  time  owes  it  to  the  future  that  the  inherent 
purposes  and  principles  of  our  cause  be  upheld  and  maintained  with  con- 
stantly inrreawTig  inteosfty.  In  line  therewith  nothing  is  more  impoitant 
than  that  the  one  day  in  the  year  secured  by  labor,  for  labor,  and  for  all  the 
people — Labor  Day — shall  be  celebrated  in  the  best  and  most  eflFective 
manner;  in  larger  numbers  and  with  a  deeper  resolve  to  work  on  for  the 
day  of  Labor's  disenthrallment  from  every  vestige  of  wrong  and  injustice, 
for  the  attainment  of  a  higher  and  better  life,  and  the  establishment  of  the 
universal  brotherhood  of  man. 


HAYWOOD  ^^^  ^^^^  ^^  William  D.  Haywood,  Secretary  of  the  Western 
riOT  Federation  of  Miners,  concluded  just  as  we  expected  and 

GUILTY.  predicted,  the  Boise,  Idaho,  jury  acquitting  him  of  the  foul 

charge  of  conspiracy  to  murder  Frank  Steunenberg, 
former  governor  of  Idaho.  The  entire  proceedings  of  the  prosecution  and 
particularly  those  who  stood  behind  it,  bore  out  the  suspicion  that  a  con- 
spiracy had  been  formed  to  place  the  blame  of  that  awful  crime  upon  the 
officers  of  the  Western  Federation  of  Miners. 

When  the  news  was  flashed  over  the  country  in  December,  1905,  of  the 
brutal  killing  of  former  Governor  Steunenberg,  it  shocked  every  man  pos- 
sessed of  any  human  feeling.  The  crime  was  enveloped  in  mystery.  What 
more  reasonable,  when  the  representatives  of  the  Mine  Owners' Association 
and  the  so-called  '^Citizens'  Alliance"  were  in  the  official  saddle,  for  them  to 
attempt  to  cast  the  odium  of  it  upon  the  representatives  of  a  labor  organiza- 
tion, and  particularly  a  labor  organization  with  which  they  had  been  en- 
gaged in  recent  contest.  How  conveniently  the  Pinkerton  agent,  McPar- 
land,  found  Harry  Orchard  who ''confessed  and  implicated''  Haywood, 
Moyer,  and  Pettibone  in  the  murder.  He  just  ' 'happened'*  to  be  there. 
Were  the  origin  of  the  difficulty  not  so  brutally  tragic  the  arrest,  confes- 
sion of  Orchard,  and  his  attempted  implication  of  the  miners'  officials  would 
be  grotesque,  and  more  like  opera  bou£Fe  than  a  serious  proceeding. 

The  Pinkerton  and  other  agencies  are  now  primarily  conducting  their 
institutions,  not  for  the  detection  of  crime,  but  to  bring  into  disrepute  the 
men  engaged  in  the  organized  labor  movement.  We  have  before  us  a  cir- 
cular (printed  on  another  page  of  this  issue)  recently  issued  by  one  of  the 
detective  bureaus  oflFering  to  *'  furnish  men  who  work  on  the  inside,"  that 
is,  "join  the  union,"  evidently  to  stir  up  strife,  commit  overt  acts  them- 
selves and  then  accuse  innocent  union  members  of  the  ofiFense. 

One  of  the  most  peculiar  incidents  in  connection  with  the  Haywood 
trial  was  the  fact  that  there  was  not  one  avowed  Pinkerton  agent  placed 
upon  the  witness  stand.  Is  it  difficult  to  infer  that  Harry  Orchard  became 
a  secret  agent  of  that  detective  bureau  and  gave  his  testimony  as  such  agent, 
although  that  fact  he  refused  to  divulge? 

The  manner  in  which  the  accused  men  were  kidnapped  from  their 
home  state  and  taken  to  Idaho  is  a  story  of  outrage  in  itself — outrage  of 
the  constitutional  and  natural  rights  belonging  to  the  meanest  crimin^Qtt-vQQJp 


672  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

our  country.  Haywood,  Moyer,  and  Pettibone  were  not  in  Idaho  at  the 
time  when  ex-Governor  Steunenberg  was  murdered.  They  were  in 
Denver.  Nevertheless,  the  prosecuting  attorney  of  Canon  County,  Idaho, 
committed  perjury  in  making  affidavit  alleging  that  they  were  in  Idaho  at 
the  time  when  the  murder  was  committed.  This  fact  is  undisputed,  yet 
seemingly  no  attention  is  given  to  it.  The  affidavit  thus  made,  signed  by 
Governor  Gooding,  of  Idaho,  given  to  the  sheriff  of  Canon  County,  who, 
with  twelve  armed  deputies  proceeded  to  Denver,  presented  the  requisition 
papsrs  to  GDvemor  McDonald,  of  Colorado,  who  on  February  15,  1906, 
without  any  hearing  of  any  sort,  honored  them.  The  proceedings  were 
entirely  secret,  notwithstanding  that  three  days  elapsed  between  the  sign- 
ing of  the  requisition  papers  and  the  arrest  of  Haywood,  Moyer,  and 
Pettibone;  they  were  not  allowed  to  communicate  with  their  attorneys, 
families,  or  their  friends;  they  were  closely  guarded  and  hurried  on  a 
special  train  to  Idaho. 

Th^  question  of  the  kidnapping  was  brought  before  the  United  States 
Supreme  Court  which  affirmed  the  right  of  the  state  of  Idaho  to  hold  the 
accused  men  for  trial.  The  dissenting  opinion  of  Justice  Harlan  will  ever 
remain  as  a  protest  against  that  outrage.  However,  as  each  term  of  court 
occurred  at  Boise,  the  accused  men  were  ready  for  trial.  Haywood 
elected,  and.it  was  finally  agreed,  that  he  should  be  placed  on  trial  first  and 
alone.  At  last  the  case  was  brought  to  trial  in  May,  the  jury  completed  early 
in  June,  the  verdict  rendered  Sunday  morning,  July  28th,  **Not  Guilty.*' 

It  was  inconceivable  that  an  honest  American  jury  would  have  brought 
in  any  other  verdict  than  was  rendered  by  the  jury  acquitting  William  D. 
Haywood.  That  he  was  innocent  of  the  crime  charged  against  him  was 
absolutely  certain  from  the  beginning. 

Even  if  the  accused  men  had  cause  to  feel  resentment  against  Governor 
Steunenberg  during  his  administration,  at  the  time  of  his  being  killed  and 
for  almost  two  years  before,  he  was  in  no  position  to  interfere  with  the  work 
of  the  organization.  He  was  removed  from  the  field  of  opposition.  The 
organization,  as  a  matter  of  necessity,  was  compelled  to  deal  with  new  con- 
ditions, with  new  men,  with  new  opponents,  and  could  not  have  the  time 
much  less  the  inclination  or  motive  to  wreak  a  murderous  vengeance  upon 
one  who  was  no  longer  in  their  path.  There  was  no  motive  and  no  purpose 
for  Haywood  to  kill  or  to  have  conspired  to  kill  ex-Governor  Steunenberg. 

The  Idaho  jury  and  all  the  American  people  are  to  be  congratulated 
upon  the  acquittal  of  Haywood.  The. testimony  of  Orchard,  confessing 
that  he  was  a  manifold  murderer,  that  he  was  a  bigamist,  burglar,  incen- 
diary, thief,  liar,  and  fraud,  was  enough  to  sicken  the  hearts  of  all  our 
people.  Upon  such  evidence  it  is  unthinkable  that  a  jury  of  honest  Ameri- 
can citizens  would  hang  even  a  yellow  dog. 

But  there  are  other  features  connected  with  these  proceedings  requiring 
consideration.  The  prosecution  of  the  case  involved  an  expenditure  of 
nearly  $125,000.  The  ablest  and  most  resourceful  attorneys  were  retained. 
The  whole  power  of  the  state  and  every  trade-union  hater  was  pitted 
against  the  accused.     On  the  other  hand  was  the  accused  man,  far  away 

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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  673 

from  his  home  and  without  any  means  for  the  proper  conduct  of  his  de- 
fense to  prove  that  he  was  not  Ruilty  of  the  heinous  charge. 

Under  these  circumstances  is  it  astonishing  that  the  men  of  labor  of 
the  country  felt  it  incumbent  upon  them  to  voluntarily  contribute  liberally 
from  their  hard-earned  wages  to  furnish  the  wherewith  for  a  proper  defense? 
Competent  attorneys  had  to  be  retained,  witnesses  summoned  from  far  dis- 
tant points,  and  there  were  all  the  expenses  involved  in  a  long  drawn  out 
trial. 

What  a  situation!  How  a  man  would  fare  under  such  an  accusation 
without  means,  without  friends,  and  without  the  faith,  sympathy,  and  sup- 
port of  the  country's  workmen,  is  better  imagined  than  described. 

Haywood's  defense  involved  an  expense  of  nearly  $140,000,  contri- 
buted by  the  men  of  labor — men  whom  he  never  saw  or  knew,  men  who 
never  saw  or  knew  him,  and  for  what?  To  prove  him  not  guilty  of  a  crime 
charged  against  him  by  a  gang  of  unscrupulous  conspirators.  To  vindicate 
the  principle  of  justice  and  human  liberty  that  was  involved. 

Then,  again,  it  is  generally  asserted  by  the  prosecutors  (or  persecu- 
tors) that  they  had  the  *'best  case"  against  Haywood.  When  the  jury 
acquitted  him,  it  was  generally  expected  that  the  cases  against  Mpyer  and 
Pettibone  would  be  abandoned,  the  indictments  quashed,  and  these  men 
set  free.  But  that  was  not  to  be.  The  vindictiveness  which  followed  Hay- 
wood is  to  be  continued  toward  the  other  men.  The  prosecution  had  a 
scent  of  blood  in  the  prey  which  escaped  them,  and  they  must  needs  continue 
the  trail  for  other  game.  That  they  will  fail  in  this,  as  in  the  Haywood 
case,  wa  have  an  abiding  faith,  for  these  men  are  not  guilty. 


PINKERTONISM  We  have  often  calkd  attention  to  the  methods  em- 
AND  ORGAN-  ployed  by  the  so-called  **  Detective  Agencies/'  of 
IZED  LABOR.  which   the  Pinkerton  concern  is  the   most  notorious; 

that  they  are  not  agencies  to  detect  crime,  but  rather  unscrupulous 
schemes  to  injure  Labor.  Their  representatives  secretly  join  unions  of 
workmen,  provoke  trouble,  and  thus  show  to  employers  the  *  Value"  of 
such  service.  Under  the  last  Napoleon  the  scheme  of  the  Agent  Pravoca- 
teur  first  took  shape  in  France.  The  system  was  to  have  spies  of  the  Em- 
peror join  any  association  or  group  o\  men  who  were  suspected  of  some 
desire  for  reform  in  the  people's  or  governmental  affairs.  These  Agents 
Provocateur  (provoking  agents)  duty  was  to  appear  to  be  most  violent 
in  their  denunciation  of  the  crown  and  its  regime,  and  urge  their  comrades 
to  revolt.  Revolution  was  their  watchword.  They  would  get  the  men  in 
the  streets  and  shout  with  them,  while  secret  reports  were  given  to  the 
military  and  civil  authorities.  The  soldiery  and  the  gendarmerie  were  then 
conveniently  on  hand.  That  numbers  of  men  were  killed  in  cold  blood  on 
many  occasions  and  others  railroaded  to  prison  for  long  terms  of  years  was 

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674  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

of  little  moment,  so  long  as  the  scalawags  got  their  pay  and  the  throne 
seemed  made  secure,  even  for  a  time. 

That  the  Pinkerton  and  the  other  so-called  detective  agencies  copied 
and  fashioned  their  methods  after  the  French  Agents  Provocateur  there  is 
not  the  slightest  doubt.  They  ply  their  rascality  in  the  relations  of  work- 
men and  employers.  They  enter  into  negotiations  with  employers,  make 
themselves  appear  helpful,  and  then  their  deviltry  begins.  Before  pre- 
senting this  further  we  lay  before  our  readers  a  circular  from  one  of 
these  concerns  which  but  a  few  days  since  came  to  us  as  shown  in  the  fol- 
lowing: 

InDIANAPOUS,  lND.,/tt/v  SO,  I907. 

Mr.  Samuki.  Gompers, 

President,  American  Federation  of  Labor, 
Washington,  D.  C. 
Dbar  Sir  AND  Brother:  I  endose  herein  a  letter  which  is  self-ex- 
planatory. 

With  best  wishes,  I  am, 

Yours  truly,  John  Mitchei^l, 

Enclosures.  President,  U,  Af,  W,o/A. 


p.  I..  BEROOFF,  Mavaosm  Txx.apxora,  4414  Bxtast 

L.  C.  BEROOFF,  SiTPT. 


THE  BERGOFF  DETECTIVE  BUREAU 

Qvil  and  GrimiiULl  Invcsti^tioiii.       Male  and  Female  Operators  sent  to  all  parte  of  the  Worid 
Shadowing,  Locating,  Investigating  and  Serving  Legal  Papers. 

1S81  BROAD  WAT 

Roon.  203.  204.  205.  206 
Cass  No. N»w  Tokjc 190 

Dbar  Sir:  This  office  is  in  a  position  to  furnish  your  company  with 
thoroughly  experienced  motormen,  conductors,  power  house  men,  and  in 
fact  all  classes  of  labor  which  is  required  to  run  a  street  railway  company, 
during  the  time  of  a  strike.  This  bureau  has  made  a  specialty  of  handling 
strikes  for  over  half  a  tentury  and  our  clients  are  among  the  largest  cor- 
porations in  the  world.  During  the  recent  trouble  between  the  steamboat 
companies  and  the  striking  longshoremen  in  New  York  City,  this  office 
transported  over  100,000  men  for  the  different  steamboat  companies  and 
supplied  1,000  guards. 

We  also  furnish  men  who  work  on  the  inside — that  is,  for  a  man  to 
work  in  your  employ  as  a  motorman  or  conductor,  join  the  union  and  ob- 
tain all  the  information  he  can  about  his  fellow  employes.  This  informa- 
tion is  submitted  to  your  company  daily  in  the  form  of  a  typewritten  report. 
Our  charges  for  guards,  motormen,  conductors,  and  all  classes  of  men 
during  the  time  of  trouble  is  $5  per  day,  your  company  to  pay  transporta- 
tion, board,  and  lodge  the  men. 

Trusting  that  you  will  at  least  favor  us  with  a  reply,  we  are. 
Respectfully  yours, 

Bergopf  Detective  Bureau. 

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AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST  575 

Upon  this  circular  the  following  was  written  on  the  margin,  mailed  to 
Mr.  Mitchell  and  by  him  forwarded  to  us  as  shown  above. 

"Mr.  Mitchell:  Please  see  that  Gompers  of  the  American  Federation 
of  Labor  gets  this,  so  that  he  may  know  what  he  is  up  against. 
Yours  respectfiilly, 
Chatham,  Wallaceburg  &  Lake  Erie  R.  R.  Co., 

Chatham,  (Out). 

Per  S.  G.  Fitch, 
General  Superintendent,  * ' 

What  do  our  readers  think  is  meant  by  this  rascally  detective  bureau 
when  it  says  it  will  furnish  '*  men  to  work  on  the  inside  "  and  *'  obtain  all 
the  information  they  can  about  their  fellow-employes'*  and  **  to  report  this 
information  *'  to  the  company  **  daily."  Suppose  there  is  nothing  to  report 
to  the  company.  Is  it  difficult  to  suppose,  and  particularly  from  the  character 
of  these  fellows,  that  they  will  manufacture  some  information  so  as  to  make 
some  sort  of  showing  and  prove  how  indispensable  they  are?  Many  contro- 
versies are  provoked  by  these  scoundrels,  and  when  workmen  have  become 
victimized  by  their  subtle  methods,  strikes  have  occurred.  Nor  is  there 
any  doubt  that  when  disorders  arise  or  assaults  on  men  or  property  are 
indulged  in,  they  are  mainly  due  to  the  dastardly  work  of  our  American 
Agents  Provocateur,  Elsewhere  in  this  issue  we  refer  to  the  above  circu- 
lar and  the  influences  of  such  agencies  in  the  Haywood  trial.  The  un- 
scrupulous criminal  methods  employed  by  certain  so-called  detective  agencies, 
that  commit  crimes  in  the  pursuit  of  their  calling  is  well-known.  That  it 
is  part  of  their  game  to  fasten  guilt  upon  innocent  men  is  as  clear  as  day. 
It  is  all  in  the  amount  of  the  pay  and  the  size  of  the  corporation  and  the 
importance  of  the  men  sought  to  be  involved. 

Is  it  to  this  sort  of  education  that  the  $1,500,000  "War  Fund**  of  the 
employers  is  to  be  devoted?  Of  course,  the  Grad-grinds  of  the  employers 
hope  to  exterminate  the  labor  organizations,  and  any  tactics  and  methods 
are  good  enough  to  encompass  the  result.  But  that  they  will  fail  is  as  sure 
as  the  night  follows  day  and  day  the  night. 

We  have  said  that  the  work  of  these  agencies  and  bureaus  is  well 
known.  Sometimes  the  scoundrels  are  caught,  exposed,  and  denounced; 
sometimes  they  admit  the  great  wrongs  they  have  done;  sometimes  the 
wrongs  are  done  and  the  malefactors  remain  unknown. 

But  be  that  as  it  may,  the  labor  organizations  of  our  country  are  lawful 
associations  and  law-abiding.  They  seek  improvement  in  the  conditions  of 
the  men  of  labor;  not  for  themselves  alone,  but  for  their  wives  and  little 
ones — for  all  our  people. 

The  men  of  organized  labor  have  confidence  and  an  abiding  faith  in 
the  institutions  of  our  country  and  in  the  exercise  of  their  rights  within 
the  law;  by  and  through  their  organizations  they  will  work  on  and  hope  on 
for  a  brighter  and  a  better  day.  The  scoundrelly  detective  agencies  will 
neither  deter  nor  prevent  the  triumph  of  Labor's  righteous  cause.  r^  I 

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676  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

GO  TO-WITH  Apropos  of  the  Van  Cleave- Parry-Post  $1 ,  500,000  war  fund 
YOUR  WAR  to  exterminate  the  labor  organizations  of  our  country  we 
FUND.  will  say  that  if  they,  through  their  ** Manufacturers*  Asso- 

ciation" were  to  raise  such  a  fund  to  educate  and  discipline  their  own  mem- 
bers to  a  recognition  of  a  few  of  the  fundamental  truths  of  modern  econo- 
mics the  money  would  be  well  expended.  The  declaration  of  war  on  the 
trade  unions  shows  a  lack  of  perception  which  would  be  amusing  were  it 
not  saddening. 

Trade  unions  are  the  necessary  and  inevitable  outgrowth  of  modem 
industrial  conditions.  They  are  here  quite  as  much  by  force  of  cir- 
cumstances as  because  the  wage- workers  themselves  desire  them.  In  fact 
the  continuous  work  of  the  large  corps  of  organizers  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  is  partly  due  to  the  fact  that  thousands  of  wage-work- 
ers have  to  be  taught  the  necessity  and  advantages  of  protecting  themselves 
by  organization.  The  employers  in  the  Manufacturers'  Association  already 
seem  to  be  tolerably  well  alive  to  their  own  interests.  They  have  organized, 
and  instead  of  frankly  conceding  that  right  to  the  wage-worker,  they  want 
to  destroy  his  organization  so  that  they,  in  organized  force,  may  more  easily 
become  masters  of  all  they  survey. 

At  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Manufacturers'  Association  where  it 
voted  to  raise  the  war  fund,  there  was  no  sign  of  the  members  having 
advanced  to  any  higher  level  of  good  citizenship  than  that  which  character- 
ized them  in  the  past. 

It  is  well  to  bear  in  mind  the  tactics  of  employers*  associations.  They 
flourish  in  different  sections  of  the  country  under  different  names,  but  we 
must  judge  them  by  what  they  do. 

Employers,  often  having  more  educational  and  social  advantages  than 
wage-workers,  might  be  expected  to  maintain  at  least  as  high  a  standard  of 
morals,  citizenship,  and  conduct.     Do  they? 

Let  us  see.  The  Manufacturers'  Association  is  never  weary  of  abusing 
trade  unions  and  misrepresenting  their  attitude. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  unions  freely  concede  the  right  to  employers 
to  organize  and  insist  only  that  the  same  right  be  accorded  the  wage-earners. 
We  may  add  that,  accorded  or  contested,  the  wage-earners  have  organized 
to  a  great  extent  and  will  continue  the  good  work. 

Organized  labor  has  done  much  for  the  working  people  to  protect  them 
from  the  avaricious,  greedy,  and  ignorant  employer.  Organized  labor  has 
been  so  fair  to  the  fair-minded  and  just  employer,  it  has  brought  such  a 
degree  of  sunshine  to  the  homes  and  lives  of  the  toilers,  that  it  has  come  to 
stay.  To  stay;  do  you  understand,  Van  Cleave,  Parry,  Post — to  stay! 
Organized  labor  has  thousands  of  written  and  verbal  agreements  with  intel- 
ligent, fairly-inclined  employers,  who  recognize  such  agreement — the  joint 
bargain — as  the  modern,  progressive  method  of  adjustment  of  the  labor 
conditions  of  workmen.  They  could  not  be  persuaded  to  go  back  to  the 
old,  effete  policy  of  the  so-called  **open  shop,"  but,  more  properly  speaking, 
the  non-union  shop,  where  it  is  every  man   for  himself  and  his  Satanic 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


677 


Majesty  take  the  hindmost.  That  is  the  policy  of  industrial  idiocy,  in- 
jurious to  all  alike  and  tending  to  tear  down  industry  and  commerce  as 
well  as  the  manhood,  citizenship,  and  character  of  our  people. 

Not  much  longer  in  the  Congressional  and  state,  legislative,  or  even 
in  the  judicial  field  will  the  capitalist  '*War  Fund*'  avail,  particularly  as 
against  the  effort  of  organized  labor  and  the  people  to  secure  legislative 
relief  and  real  judicial  justice. 

The  hide-bound  Van  Cleave- Parry- Post  aggregation  may  well  go  to, 
with  their  antiquated  methods  and  picayunish  $1,500,000  *'war  fund.'* 

Organized  labor  is  here  to  stay! 


In  some  quarters,  though  obscure,  there  is  a  disposition  to  regard  the 
acquittal  of  W.  D.  Haywood  as  a  victory  of  socialists  or  of  labor.  Organized 
labor,  its  friends  and  the  general  public  view  it  in  the  light  of  a  victory  of 
justice.  With  all  the  power  pitted  against  the  accused  we  regard  the 
verdict  as  a  tribute  to  the  sense  of  justice  of  the  Idaho  court  and  jury. 
The  verdict  will  go  far  to  restore  a  greater  confidence  in  the  courts  of  our 
country. 


DISTRICT  AND  GENERAL  ORGANIZERS. 


Number  Ck>mmis8loned  Organisers,  American 
Federation  of  Labor,  1,175. 

District  No.  I.— Eastern. 

CompriBlng  the  states  of  Maine,  Verraon, 
New  Uampshire,  Massachusetts,  Khodelslant, 
OonnecUcnt,  and  the  Province  of  New  Brund- 
wlck,  Canada. 

OrgHDizen,  Htuart  Reid,  Thomas  P.  Tracy. 

District  No.  II.— Middle. 

Ck>mpriBln8r  the  states  of  New  York,  New 
Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Maryland,  the 
District  of  (Columbia,  and  the  Province  of 
Quebec,  Canada. 

OrgAulten,  Herman  Robinson,  Hugh  Frayne, 
Ok\  Wyatti_W.  C.  Hahn,  Thomas  H.  Flynn, 
Arthur  E.  Holder,  John  A.  Flett. 

District  No.  III.— Southern. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Virginia,  North 
Carolina,  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Florida, 
Kentucky ,  Tennessee,  Alaba  ma,M  ississi  ppl,and 
Louisiana. 

Ofvaiifstfr,  James  Leonard. 

District  No.  IV.— Central. 

Comprising  the  states  of  West  Virginia,  Ohio, 
Indiana,  Illinois,  Michigan,  and  Wisconsin. 


OrganlMen,  J.  J.  Fitzpatrlck,  J.  D.  Pierce, 
Emmet  T.  Flood,  Jacob  Tazelaar,  William  E. 
Terry. 

District  No.  V.— Northwestern. 
Comprising  the  states  of  Minnesota,  Iowa. 
North  Dakota,  South  Dakota,  Nebraska,  and 
Manitoba. 

District  No.  VI.— Southwestern. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Missouri,  Kansas, 
Texas,  Indian  Territory,  Oklahoma,  and  Ar- 
kansas. 

OrgaaiMer,  Henry  M.  Walker. 

District  No.  VII.— Inter-Mountain. 
Ck>mprisinK  the  states  of  Montana,  Wyoming. 
Colorado,  New   Mexico,  Arizona,   Utah,  and 
Idaho. 

District  No.  VIM.— Pacific  Coast. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Nevada,  Alaska, 
Washington,  Oregon,  California,  and  the  Prov- 
ince of  British  Columbia. 

OrgtmUera,  C.  O.  Young,  M.  Grant  Hamilton. 

Porto  Rico.— Santiago  Iglesias. 


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678 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Red  Letter  Day 


FIRST  INTERSTATE  CONVENTION  OF  NATIONAL  WOMEN'S  TRADE 

UNION  LEAGUE. 


By  Mary  E.  McDowkll, 
Vice-President  of    Uinoit  Women's  Trade  Union  I.eague. 


HOW  may  women's  unions  be  best  strength- 
ened? Do  women  have  a  fair  show  in  the 
mixed  organization?  If  they  do  not,  is  it 
their  own  fault  or  because  men  unionists 
are  selfish  or  indifferent?  Would  it  be  better  for 
women  to  be  organized  separately? 

These  are  some  of  the  questions  propounded  by 
women  unionists— members  of  the  Women's  Trade 
Union  League — that  resulted  in  the  conference 
held  simultaneously,  Sunday,  July  14th,  in  New 
York,  Boston,  and  Chicago.  Delegates  came  from 
50  cities  of  l5  states,  representing  48  trade  unions, 
one-third  composed  of  women  members,  while 
two-thirds  were  mixed  unions. 

The  presiding  officers  were  Mrs.  Margaret  Drier 
Robins,  President  of  the  National  League,  in  Chi- 
cago; in  Boston  Mrs.  Mary  Kehew,  President  of 
the  Massachusetts  League,  and  in  New  York,  Miss 
Mary  Drier,  President  of  the  New  York  League. 

The  following  list  of  trades  were  represented  by 
women  members  in  good  standing: 


Cigarmakers. 

Overall  Workers. 

Bookbinders. 

Typographical. 

Variety  Actors,  Protec- 
tive. 

Underwear  workers. 

Glove  Workers. 

Hat  Trimmers. 

Stampers  and  Gold  Leaf 
League. 

Hand  Buttonholemak- 
ers. 

Paper  Cigarette  Work- 
ers. 

IndustrialTextile  Work- 
ers. 

Associated    Vaudeville 
Artists. 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers. 

Broommakers. 

Cloak  makers. 

Cigar  Boxmakers. 

Electrical  Workers. 

Horse  Nail  Makers. 

Stereotypers'  and  Elec- 
trotypers'  Union 
(Laaies'Auxiliary). 

Retail  Clerks. 

Teachers'  Federation. 


Union  Label  League. 

Cloth,  Hat&  Cap  Makers. 

Skirtmakers. 

Waitresses. 

Cigarette  Rollers. 

Commercial  Telegraph- 
ers. 

Shirtmakers. 

Neckwearmakers. 

Vestmakers. 

Tobacco  Strippers. 

Fur  Ayeighers  and  Feed- 
ers. 

Silk  Ribbon  Weavers. 

Ladies  Tailors. 

Boxmakers. 

Bottlers. 

Chicago  Trades  Union 
League. 

Clerks  on  the  Elevated 
Railroad. 

Corsetmakers. 

Garment  Workers. 

Jewelers. 

Laundry  Workers. 

Postal  Clerks. 

Suspender  Workers. 

Tin  Workers. 

Women's  Auxiliary  of 
Typographical  Union. 


These  groups  of  working  women  meeting  in 
three  of  the  greatest  industrial  centers  look  weak 
and  powerless  when  seen  standing  alone,  but  be- 
come  full  of  significance  at  once  when  one  has  the 
vision  of  them  as  representing  the  strong  ones  of 
the,  3,000,000  women  workers  in  the  United 
SUtes. 

It  was  a  red  letter  day  in  the  history  of  woman 
in  industry.  For  the  first  time  women  workers 
came  together  to  talk  over  matters  pertaining  to 
their  own  economic  and  social  interests.  These 
women  were  the  awakened  ones;  they  were  con- 
scious of  their  own  worth;  they  were  beginning 
to  understand  their  value  as  well  as  their  danger 
to  the  labor  problem. 

The  sweat-shop  worker  was  conspicuous  by  her 
absence,  except  as  represented  by  the  artist,  Mr. 
Luther  Bradly,  in  a  powerful  cartoon  which  rested 
on  an  easel  on  the  platform  in  Chicago.  This  pic- 
ture shows  the  sweat-shop  mother  with  her  feet  on 
the  treadle  of  the  machine,  her  thin  fingers  guid- 
ing the  work,  while  her  baby  is  nursing  iSce  a 
little  animal  that  does  not  need  the  coddling  of 
the  human,  for  this  sweat-shop  una  wakened  worker 
has  not  time  to  coddle  her  baby. 

The  legend  above  the  cartoon  was  most  sugges- 
tive *'|acred  Motherhood,"  with  its  dollar  sign 
told  the  tale  of  the  exploited  womanhood,  and  the 
desecrated  motherhood  for  the  sake  of  gain.  Here 
was  suggested  the  economic  and  social  extremes 
in  the  labor  world.  The  unconscious  sweat  shop 
worker  taking  anything  that  is  given  her,  repre- 
sents the  habit  of  ages,  while  the  delegates  of  the 
most  advanced  class  of  working  women  feel  the 
dignity  of  their  position  and  realize  that  unless 
they  are  a  part  of  organized  labor  they  are  power- 
less before  the  employerwhobargainsfortheirwork- 

The  personnel  of  the  three  meeting  was  an  inspir- 
ation to  those  who  believe  that  women  who  are  able 
to  take  care  of  themselves  in  the  factory  and  shop 
are  also  able  to  look  after  their  own  interests  in 
organization.  Girls  who  had  never  before  spoken 
in  public,  talked  on  their  feet,  without  self-con- 
sciousness, or  boldness,  but  with  earnestness  and 
simplicity,  proving  that  success  in  public  speaking 
is  to  have  something  you  want  to  say  and  then  to 
forget  yourself  and  say  it. 

The  informal  talk  about  the  banquet  taUes,  as 
well  as  the  more  formal  speeches  at  the  conven- 
tion revealed  the  fact  that  most  of  the  delegates 
could  talk  intelligently  and  sensibly  about  their 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


RED  LETTER  DAY 


679 


own  interests.  In  the  three  meetings  the  union 
women  did  the  talking — it  was  real  stuff. 

There  were  some  differences  of  opinion,  growing 
out  of  difference  of  experience  on  the  question  of 
whether  women  develop  faster  in  unions  composed 
of  themselves  alone,  or  whether  contact  with  men 
of  experience  in  unionism  broadens  the  women's 
outlook,  and  makes  them  more  useful. 

All  agreed  that  if  women  are  to  take  their  right- 
ful place  in  the  larger  life  of  organized  labor  then 
they  must  not  ask  favors  because  they  are  women, 
but  must  pay  equal  dues  to  receive  equal  benefits. 


marry  and  leave,  the  mass  goes  on  and  can  only 
by  organization  and  representation  become  a  help- 
ful and  not  a  dangerous  force.  In  opening  the 
discussion  of  the  day,  it  was  made  very  clear  that 
this  was  not  a  woman,  but  a  human  movement. 
The  problem  of  the  women  workers  can  not  be 
understood  nor  worked  out  apart  from  that  of  the 
men.  A  prominent  labor  leader,  vice-president 
of  a  great  labor  union,  that  has  no  women  in  the 
ranks,  said  to  the  writer,  ** Women  will  never  find 
their  right  place  in  the  unions  of  in  society  until  they 
get  over  that  habit  of  ages,  that  of  considering  that 


/ 


MRS.  MARGARET  DRIER  ROBINS, 

PRESIDENT,  NATIONAL  WOMEN'S  TRADE  UNION  LEAOUE. 


As  some  of  the  delegates  had  been  sent  by  cen- 
tral labor  bodies,  the  question  of  equal  representa- 
tion in  city,  state,  and  national  bodies,  was  dis- 
cussed. One  delegate  suggested*  that  in  some 
anions  there  is  the  old  struggle  against  **  taxation 
without  representation,"  and  that  justice  was  not 
always  meted  out  to  the  women  who  are  loyal. 
Some  of  the  strongest  maintained  that  if  women  do 
not  secure  justice  in  the  unions  it  is  their  own  fault. 

The  presence  on  the  program  in  Chicago  of 
such  a  man  as  John  Fitzpatrick,  President  of 
Chicago  Federation  of  Labor,  and  in  Boston 
of  Mr.  Hubbell.  President  of  the  Boston  Cen- 
tral Labor  Union,  and  other  officials  of  the  state 
federations  as  well  as  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  empha- 
sized the  fact  that  there  are  men  in  the  labor 
world  that  believe  women  are  in  the  world  of 
industry  to  stay,  and  though  the  individual  may 


they  are  inferior  to  men."  It  is  such  meetings  as 
these  conferences  that  will  do  much  to  change  that 
habit  of  mind  which  has  kept  women  in  bondage 
too  long.  They  will  learn  to  believe  in  themselves, 
they  will  see  their  own  worth,  and  then  they  will 
not  have  to  bicker  with  men  for  representation; 
it  will  be  given  them,  because  they  take  their  own 
by  right  of  fitness. 

*^There  can  not  be  two  standards  in  the  unions," 
said  Mr.  Hubbell,  of  Boston,  **the  same  wages  for 
women  as  for  men  should  be  the  watchword  in 
the  industrial  world." 

The  unanimous  opinion  was  that  the  men  could 
not  afford  to  ignore  the  rights  of  women  workers, 
any  more  than  they  can  that  of  the  unskilled,  for 
both  are  pressing  their  way  into  the  thinning 
ranks  of  the  skilled,  and  will  be  a  menace  if  not 
organized  into  a  blessing. 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  temporary  position  of  women  in  industry, 
because  of  the  prospect  of  marriage  was  taken  hold 
of  seriously  and  earnestly.  The  delegates  from  the 
cigarmakers*  union  suggested  the  adoption  of  the 
method  used  in  England  by  the  National  Amalga- 
mated Union  of  Clerks,  of  paying  back  as  a  mar- 
riage portion  50  per  cent  of  a  woman's  dues  if  she 
has  been  two  years  a  member  of  the  union  and  re- 
ceived no  benefits. 

It  was  interesting  to  see  how  unanimous  was  the 
opinion  that  this  was  a  business-like  way  of  meet- 
ing this  paramount  hindrance  in  successfully 
organizing  women. 

Miss  Breckinridge  of  the  faculty  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Chicago,  and  member  of  the  executive 
committee  of  the  National  Women's  Trade  Union 
League,  in  summing  up  her  discussion  said: 

*'l  do  believe  in  a  marriage  dower  not  only  be- 
cause it  enables  a  girl  to  go  to  housekeeping  with 
the  advantage  of  having  that  amount  of  money, 
but  because  it  puts  marriage  on  a  plane  with  the 
most  serious  events  and  problems  that  we  come 
across  in  life.  In  other  words,  it  immediately 
dignifies  marriage  in  the  eyes  of  the  union,  and 
that,  it  seems  to  me,  is  the  most  important  service 
that  can  be  rendered  the  girl.  If  she  is  going  to 
marry,  she  must  go  into  it,  not  thinking  it  a  relief 
from  work  to  be  done,  but  as  entering  into  another 
profession,  a  profession  so  dignified  that  before  all 
professions  the  profession  of  marriage  alone  is 
selected  to  be  subsidized. 

All  well-meaning  unions  will  soon  feel  that 
marriage  is  something  that  a  girl  should  be  fitted 
for  in  other  than  the  material  ways.  The  union 
will  take  the  question  of  training  the  working  ^irl 
and  influencing  her  life  during  the  years  preceding 
her  marriage,  and  will  furnish  to  her  those  ele- 
ments which  fit  her  for  the  new  profession  into 
which  she  will  probably  enter." 

The  resolutions  passed  were  indicative  of  the 
growing  consciousness — the  sense  of  woman's 
equality  in  the  world  of  work. 

The  following  are  some  of  the  resolutions  passed 
by  the  Chicago  meeting: 

Resolved,  That  the  best  interests  of  labor  require 
the  admission  of  women  to  full  citizenship  as  a 
matter  of  justice  to  them,  and  as  a  necessary  step 
toward  insuring  and  raising  the  scale  of  wages 
for  all. 

Whbrbas,  The  great  necessity  for  organization 
of  the  wage-working  women  is  becoming  more  ap- 
parent in  the  fierce  struggle  in  our  industrial 
system,  and  whereas  the  women  are  becoming 
more  and  more  a  factor  in  competition  with  men 
in  many  of  the  trades  and  vocations,  and  men  are 
relatively  affected  in  this  competition  and  must, 
therefore,  be  interested;  therefore,  it  follows  that 
it  is  to  their  advantage  to  assist  in  the  organization 
of  our  women  wage- workers,  and  to  this  end, 
therefore, 

Resolved,  We  urge  and  hereby  request  the  ap- 
pointment of  a  committee  of  three,  consisting  of 
the  chairman  of  this  convention  and  two  delegates, 
whom  she  shall  appoint  to  attend  the  next  con- 
vention of  the  A.  P.  of  L.  for  the  purpose  of  organ- 
izing the  women  trade  workers. 

The  following  resolution  expressed  the  collective 
sentiment  of  the  Boston  meeting:  **The  Massa- 
chusetts branch  of  the  Women's  Trade  Union 
League  henceforth  hold  semi-annual  conferences, 
with  representations  from  the  women  unionists  of 


New  England  to  consider  conditions  of  employ- 
ment, scales  of  wages,  and  to  further  promote  tJu 
organization  of  ivotnen, ' ' 

The  national  president,  Mrs.  Margaret  Drier 
Robins,  sent  the  following  telegram  to  Boston  and 
New  York :  *  'Warmest  greetings  and  heartiest  coo- 

fratulations  to  the  members  and  delegates  of  the 
rst  interstate  conference  of  women  workers  in 
America.  Let  us  pledge  ourselves  to  maintain  aod 
extend  our  organization  until  the  eight  honr  diy 
and  the  living  wage  have  been  secured  for  aU 
working  women  in  every  trade." 

Miss  Mary  Drier,  president  of  the  New  York 
league  responded  in  these  words:  * 'Greetings  to 
our  sisters  in  Chicago.  Prom  75  women  delegates 
assembled  in  New  York.  We  pledge  our  support  to 
our  sisters,  north,  south,  east,  and  west,  in  their 
efforts  to  gain  for  each  according  to  her  needs  and 
to  take  from  each  according  to  her  ability." 

The  concensus  of  opinion  gathered  from  the 
three  meetings — New  York,  Boston,  and  Chicago- 
was  to  the  enect  that  the  National  Women's  Trade 
Union  League  has  initiated  a  most  important  edo- 
cational  movement,  and  that  these  conferences  must 
be  repeated.  That  first  of  all  they  must  take  np  the 
work  of  presenting  an  opportunity  for  women  ud> 
ionists  to  educate  themselves,  so  that  they  maj 
work  with  women  and  convince  them  that  they 
should  become  members  of  the  union,  then  the 
members  of  the  union  will  have  to  educate  their 
group  and  fit  them  for  participation  in  the  larger 
labor  movement. 

They  have  a  large  task  to  educate  their  own 
grouD  and  the  groups  with  which  they  have  nego- 
tiatea,  namely  the  other  group,  the  men's  unioo. 
The  conflict  between  men  and  women  when  such 
cases  occur  may  demand  mutual  compromises; 
people  say,  *'  Very  well,  the  men  are  already  or- 
ganized and  for  the  present  they  have  got  the  wages 
raised  so  high  that  they  can  not  get  concessions 
for  the  women  without  making  some  sacrifices.*' 
This  is  true;  therefore,  men  must  be  educated  to 
make  sacrifices  for  the  women  within  and  without 
their  own  trades,  and  of*  course,  the  community 
must  be  educated  not  to  buy  goods  regardless 
whether  they  are  union  made  or  not,  but  to  de- 
mand the  union  label. 

That  women  need  the  training  of  responsibility, 
that  is  too  apt  to  be  shirked  if  there  are  men  of 
experience  to  do  the  work  in  organization;  tbat 
no  rule  can  be  laid  down  to  cover  all  condidons; 
that  each  group  of  workers  must  develop  tbdr 
own  methc^s.  That  the  labor  movement  is  greater 
and  larger  than  an^  question  of  men  or  women,  it 
is  a  human  question,  and  that  even  individoal 
trades  can  not  afford  to  live  to  themselves,  but  the 
fact  that  so  many  millions  of  women  are  in  the  field 
of  industry  to  stay  makes  it  obligatory  upon  leaders 
to  see  that  their  interests  are  adequately  cared  for. 

The  point  is  not  so  much  what  wages  she  gets 
for  her  work,  but  the  question  is  how  free  and  in- 
dependent a  factor  she  is  in  the  control  of  the  in- 
dustry. In  other  words  the  women  attending  this 
convention  representing  organized  women  wuikcjs 
demand  in  connection  with  the  union,  in  cospec- 
tion  with  the  Federal  organization,  in  conoeeliott 
with  the  industry  itself,  simple  democracy,  sod 
they  ask  that  they  be  given  a  chance  to  oon^Ot  all 
of  those  factors  of  life .  with  which  thej  i 
cemed,  and  in  which  their  interesta  u«  i 
ably  involved. 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


681 


An  Instructive  Exhibit. 


THE  A.  F.  OF  L  EXHIBIT  AT  THE  JAMESTOWN  TER-CENTENNIAL  EXPO- 
SITION AT  NORFOLK,  VA.,  A  MOST  INTERESTING  AND  NOVEL 
DISPLAY  OF  WHAT  ORGANIZED  WORKERS  ACCOM- 
PLISH  BY  BRAIN  AND  HAND. 


By  Eva  McDonai^d  Valesh, 
General  Organizer  A.  P.  of  L. 


AN  exposition  is  literally  a  setting  forth  of 
things  to  the  eye.  At  first  thought  it  is 
rather  difficult  to  understand  how  an  or- 
ganization like  the  A.  P.  of  L.  can  make 
an  exhibit  which  will  indicate  its  achievements  by 
outward  and  visible  symbols.  It  is  the  problem  of 
shadowing  forth  the  essence  of  the  spirit  in  mate- 
rial form.  Perhaps  the  problem  has  not  been  en- 
tirely solved,  but  it  is  a  truth  that  the  A.  P.  of  L. 
has  a  most  interesting  and  instructive  exhibit  in 
the  Social  Economy  Building  at  the  Jamestown 
Exposition. 

It  attracts  more  visitors  than  any  other  exhibit 
in  that  building,  and,  in  fact,  more  than  any  other 
at  the  exposition  excepting  only  that  of  the  United 
States  government. 

The  exibit  is  handsomely  placed  in  the  center  of 
the  building.  It  occupies  4,000  feet  of  space  and 
then  only  partially  indicates  what  may,  at  some 
future  exposition,  be  displayed  more  comprehen- 
sively if  there  is  more  space,  more  time  to  con- 
struct an  exhibit,  and  more  means  to  expend  in 
building  up  that  which  will  vividly  tell  to  the  eye 
the  story  of  the  remarkable  and  unique  achieve- 
ments of  this  organization  of  more  than  two  mil- 
lions of  wage-workers. 

The  average  visitor  has  no  purpose  at  an  exposi- 
tion except  to  see  what  may  be  seen.  The  student 
and  investigator  are  rare,  yet  both  are  considered 
here.  That  the  A.  P.  of  L.  exhibit  accomplishes 
its  primary  purpose  of  attracting  attention  is  ap- 
parent at  a  glance.  It  is  varied,  attractive,  brilliant, 
and  has  the  air  of  novelty  which  is  an  unfailing 
magnet  to  those  who  visit  expositions. 

A  study  of  the  pictures  which  accompany  this 
article  will  ^ve  a  good  idea  of  the  way  in  which 
the  exhibit  is  placed.  Being  in  the  centre  of  the 
building  is  a  great  advantage  in  the  display  of  a 
certain  class  of  exhibits  and  also  in  attracting  the 
attention  of  visitors,  but  this  arrangement  leaves 
00  wall  space  on  which  to  hang  charts  or  pictures. 
This  difficulty  is  overcome  by  the  erection  of  a 
booth  in  the  centre,  which  serves  as  an  office.  The 
outer  walls  of  this  are  decorated  with  pictures  of 
A.  P.  of  L  executive  council,  officers  of  various 
international  unions,  pictures  of  office  quarters, 
and  similar  exhibits,  which  lend  themselves 
readily  to  pictorial  reproduction. 

The  entrance  to  the  exhibit  consists  of  a  digni- 
fied and  imposing  arrangement  of  arch  and  sup- 


porting columns  very  similar  to  that  which  proved 
so  e£fective  at  St.  Louis.    . 

A  light  framework  around  the  four  sides  sup- 
ported by  a  post  at  each  corner  balances  the  en- 
trance. The  decoration  is  in  patriotic  colors,  and 
on  the  four  sides,  on  high,  are  labor  mottoes  iden- 
tified with  the  good  work  of  the  A.  P.  of  L. 

As  an  illustration  of  the  increasing  interest 
taken  in  the  effort  of  the  A.  P.  of  L.  to  shadow 
forth  materially  what  is  being  accomplished  by 
brain  and  hand  of  worker  it  should  be  noted  that 
a  number  of  international  unions  by  co-operating 
with  their  employers,  exhibit  finished  specimens, 
of  their  skill,  the  union  and  employer  standing 
jointly  sponsor  for  the  exhibit. 

This  indicates  a  degree  of  mutual  pride  in  good 
work  and  a  friendliness  of  feeling  between  such 
employers  and  their  organized  employes  which  is 
in  itself  an  object  lesson  to  those  who  pretend  to 
misunderstand  the  mission  of  the  trade  union 
and  side  with  those  employers  of  mediaeval- robber- 
baron  proclivities  who  affect  to  think  that  unions 
should  be  crushed. 

In  other  instances  the  unions  show  examples 
of  skilled  handicraft  contributed  directly  by  the 
members.  This  is  notably  true  in  the  case  of 
the  International  Union  of  Horseshoers.  This 
exhibit  shows  all  sorts  and  shapes  of  horseshoes 
and  also  the  tools  of  the  trade.  These  implements 
(some  in  miniature)  are  oddly  mounted  in  curves 
and  symbols  of  various  sorts  on  a  background  on 
black  velvet  in  a  case  4  by  6  feet  The  name  of 
the  organization  is  pricked  out  clearly  in  these 
tools  and  an  ornamental  border  of  nails  carries 
out  the  artistic  idea  of  the  whole  display.  This 
exhibit  is  credited  to  two  members  of  the  union. 
Of  course  some  trades  from  the  nature  of  their 
work  can  readily  make  the  exhibit  of  handiwork 
without  reference  to  the  employer  or  manufacturer, 
others  find  a  co-operation  with  hinf  of  mutual  ad- 
vantage. 

Perhaps  the  most  novel  thing  about  the  A.  P.  of 
L.  exhibit  at  Jamestown  as  compared  with  those 
made  previously  at  other  expositions  is  the  display 
of  work  done  by  various  trades.  In  trades  where  this 
can  be  done  (even  in  miniature)  the  display  forms 
a  fitting  complement  to  the  statistics,  literature, 
pictures  and  other  data  giving  information  as  to 
what  is  accomplished  on  the  intellectual  side  by 
the  organization  of  the  trade.  There  is  ample  proofs 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


AN  INSTRUCTIVE  EXHIBIT 


683 


that  trade  organization  increases  the  efficiency  and 
skill  of  the  workers,  hence  the  value  of  showing 
satdnliw  of  their  handiwork. 

wete  there  space  to  enumerate  every  exhibit 
eitlMT  by  the  union  alone  or  in  co-operation  with  . 
empkiifer  the  story  would  be  an  interesting  one, 
bat  the  moral  is — go  and  see  for  yourself,  the  tale 
can  sot  be  told  in  type.  The  display  of  union-made 
artidte  is  so  artistic  and  sterling  in  character  that 
it  mfoUd  make  an  *'Arts  and  Crafte"  exhibit  turn 
green  wkh  envy. 

l^lprliittance:  there  is  a  display  of  saws  which  at 
onc«  attracts  attention.  A  huge  medallion,  the 
ma&a  fioatare,  must  be  about  four  feet  in  circum- 


There  are  several  large  show  cases  and  the  con- 
tents range  from  the  heaviest  shoes  required  by 
men  to  the  daintiest  French  heeled  satin  dancing 
slipper  that  a  lady  may  covet.  American  shoes 
are  the  finest  in  the  world  and  one  may  well  believe 
the  assertion  of  the  union  shoe  worker  that  his 
product  is  the  finest  in  America.  This  exhibit  at- 
tracts even  the  visitor  who  probably  takes  not  the 
slightest  interest  in  a  labor  organization;  but  out 
of  the  curiosity  aroused  by  the  beauty  of  this  and 
other  dislays  many  are  led  to  ask  more  of  the  or- 
ganized wage-workers  who  make  possible  such  ex- 
hibits of  skilled  handiwork.  That  brings  forward 
the  whole  question  of  trade  union  organization. 


FEDERATION  OF  LABOR— RECEPTION  ROOM  FOR  VISITORS,  FURNISHED  BY  UPHOLSTERERS'  UNION 
AS  A  PORTION  OF  THE  EXHIBIT. 


ference  at  the  outer  edge  and  at  the  center 
nmt  down  to  a  tiny  saw  perhaps  four  inches 
around,  all  gleaming  as  only  burnished  steel  can. 
The  various  sizes  are  accurately  placed  one  on  the 
other  until  this  smallest  one  is  reached,  making 
the  display  one  of  great  beauty  to  the  casual  eye 
and  Uiose  who  know  the  whereof  of  mechanics 
tell  tne  that  the  nice  technicalities  of  such  work 
are  also  beautifully  shown. 

A  striking  portion  of  the  exhibit  is  a  tall  glass 
case  filled  with  union-made  band  and  orchestra 
instmments  apparently  all  gold  and  silver.  Then 
th^re  are  pianos  which  invite  the  test  and  proof  as 
to  value  of  skilled  and  well-paid  workmanship. 

Handsome,  well-made  shoes  prove  attractive  to 
men  as  well  as  women.  There  is  an  exhibit  here 
of    union-made    shoes  which    is  very  complete. 


how  and  why  unions  exist,  what  they  have  done 
and  what  they  propose  to  do. 

Just  here  the  upholsterers'  union  sustains  the 
interest  by  providing  another  appeal  to  the  senses 
in  the  shape  of  a  very  artistic  and  inviting  recep- 
tion room  or  rest  corner.  This  is  furnished 
throughout  with  union-made  fittings,  combining 
both  good  taste  and  comfort.  What  visitor  to  an 
exposition  is  ever  proof  against  an  invitation  to 
loaf  and  invite  his, soul?  Here  the  visitor  is  in- 
deed made  welcome.  Mr.*  C.  P.  Connelly,  the 
A.  F.  of  L.  representative  in  charge  of  the  exhibit, 
takes  his  duties  seriously  and  seems  to  find  a  great 
deal  of  pleasure  in  entertaining  those  who  stop 
from  curiosity  or  any  other  motive  and  desire  to 
know  more  of  what  this  exhibit  may  mean,  which 
so  boldly  proclaims  to  the  world  the  excellence  ^g 


AN  INSTRUCTIVE  EXHIBIT 


685 


* 


the  arts  and  crafts  in  this  day  when  machinery  is 
U  popularly*  but  fallaciously,  supposed  to  have 
eruahcd  out  individuality  and  personal  initiative. 
They  Mill  remain,  however,  and  organization 
makes  them  effective. 

The  display  of  union* made  goods  while  far 
gr ester  than  may  be  enumerated  in  this  article  is 
atill  ualy  a  promise  of  what  may  yet  become  so 
impcirtADt  a  matter  at  future  expositions  that  it 
wiO  tftke  a  building  devoted  to  this  purpose  aloue 
to  exhibit  the  products  of  union  workmen.  We 
may  e^tpect  to  ice  more  employers  co-operating 
by  showing  an  immense  variety'^of  products,  and 
it   is   entirely  probable   that   the  variout^  interna- 


alK>ut  the  exhibits  on  holidays,  explaining  with 
marked  pride  the  processes  utilized  in  the  manu- 
facture of  most  diverse  types  of  articles.  In  that 
case  the  exhibits  were  partly  furnished  by  the 
workers  themselves,  but  more  often  by  the  em- 
ployers who  found  it  an  immensely  good  adver- 
tisement to  show  the  world  what  goods  could  be 
turned  out  by  highly  skilled  worknien,  I  have  no 
doubt  employers  who  contribute  to  the  A.  F.  of  L. 
evhibit  will  fiud  the  same  thing*  It  would  have 
been  an  equally  good  advertisement  in  Paris  to 
have  provided  that  groups  of  workmen  should 
be  in  daily  attendance  instead  of  only  on  holidays, 
for  in  their  alert  faces,  iotelligent  comment,  and 


MODEL  UNION  STORE 


I 


A  UNiaUE  FEATURE  OF  THE  EXHtBtT, 


tiQual  trade  unions  will  arrange  to  show  the  pro- 
cesses of  work,  the  conditions  under  which  their 
members  live,  the  material  advances  gained 
through  organization  and,  perhaps,  for  the  histori- 
cal vaJae  of  the  thing,  indicate  the  contrast  in 
home  and  factory  conditions  now  and  w^hen  there 
WM  no  trade  union  organisation. 

I  remem  be  r  seei  ng  so  met  h  i  n  g  of  the  so  rt  i  n 
Piriwa  few  yedrs  ago.  It  was  merely  a  city  expo- 
iitiofiof  industrial  accompliihnienis.  The  "iiniou- 
made''  idem  was  not  brouj^ht  to  the  front  so  promi- 
nently as  in  this  country,  but  it  was  there  as  the 
bcartof  the  exhibit  giving  it  vitality.  There  was  a 
Ut^*e  building  filled  with  the  handiwork  of  skilled 
trtiaan*,  who,  as  a  matter  of  course,  belonged  to 
their  respective  trade  unions.  It  was  very  ioteresi- 
ing  to  see   the  workmen   themselves    clustering 


self-respecting  air  one  read  what  organization  and 
the  spirit  of  brotherhood  had  done  for  them. 

In  line  with  the  idea  of  visualising  material  re- 
sults of  union  progress  is  a  very  hanclsoiue  "moilel 
store'  which  takes  up  a  generous  space  across  the 
aisle  from  the  main  A.  F,  of  L.  exhibit.  The  pic- 
ture herewith  reproiiuced  gives  only  a  faint  idea 
of  the  novel  and  interesting  character  of  the  ^tore. 
Naturally  it  is  an  attraction  for  women  vitiitors, 
for  they  may  linger  anil  look  as  lon^  a,s  they 
please  without  ever  being  asked  to  buVi  but  the 
splendid  and  varied  display  of  nearly  everything 
that  a  modern  department  store  carries  is  only  the 
surface  attraction.  The £oods  are  union  made.  A 
store  like  this  emphasizes  the  ^ood  work  of  union 
clerks.  The  absolute  neatness  and  jrhiiutiness  pf 
every  detail  suggests  the|^i|^§|ifa5'ld3i0tQ:Sl£ 


Digitized  by 


Google 


AN  INSTRUCTIVE  EXHIBIT 


687 


cnstomer,  merchants,  and  clerks  of  a  clean,  Umht^ 
airj,  sanitary  place  for  the  display  aad  safe  of 
goods.  There  ais  many  features  about  the  model 
store  wliicb  should  interest  employers  and  the 
public  in  general.  Here  again  is  an  exhibit  de- 
signed primarily  to  indicate  the  accomplishments 
of  organized  labor  and  finding  that,  while  it  does 
that  eren  more  successfully  than  had  been  ex- 
pected, it  also  develops  many  other  interesting 
educational  points. 

One  small,  but  very  distinctive  exhibit  suggests 
the  value  of  historical  contrast.  There  is  a  saddle 
and  trappings  entered  by  a  Denver  firm  as  an  ex- 
ample of  the  skill  of  union  leather  workers  on 
horse  goods.  It  shows  what  excellence  of 
material  and  artistic  decorations  go  to  make 
a  first  class  article  of  this  sort.  The  saddle  is 
a  creamy  tan  in  color  and  the  elaborate  carving 
darkens  slightly  in  the  deeper  lines  and  is  so 
finely  executed  that  it  seems  too  dainty  and 
ethereal  to  have  been  the  product  of  mere 
supple  hands  and  cunnine  tools,  yet  it  is  so,  and 
the  contrast  is  emphasized  by  a  miniature  saddle, 
made  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago,  I  think.  In  that 
is  good  material  and  fine  lines,  but  contrasted  with 
the  product  of  today  how  strongly  it  emphasizes 
the  advance  of  the  fine  handiwork  of  the  modem 
onioB-made  article. 

If  there  could  be  shown  the  surroundings  under 
which  these  union-made  goods  are  produced  and 
the  contrast  drawn  with  that  of  non-union  pro- 
ducts, the  <;heery  brightness  and  cleanliness  of  this 
union-made  exhibit  would  be  made  still  more  at- 
tractive. Contrast  pictures  of  southern  cottpn  mill 
children  or  the  women  slaves  of  New  York  sweat- 
shops or  newly  arrived  immigrant  mine  workers, 
with  union  men,  their  children  going  to  school, 
their  wives  well  dressed  and  in  comfortable  homes. 
Contrast  the  homes  as  well  as  the  places  of  em- 
ployment. The  A.  F.  of  L.  perhaps  wisely  con- 
fines itself  to  an  indication  of  the  scope  of  its 
own  work,  without  for  the  present  drawing  com- 
parisons and  makes  a  fine  exhibit,  yet  the  com- 
parisons would  be  vastly  educational. 

That  reminds  me  that  one  sees  no  exhibit  of 
'*open  shop  '*  and  child  labor  products,  by  those 
who  advocate  them  ahd  loudly  proclaim  to  the 
public  that  they  are  worthy  of  esteem.  By  their 
works  ye  shall  know  them.  Had  the  various  asso- 
ciations of  em]>loyers,  who  try  to  crush  unions  any 
product  to  exhibit  which  would  sustain  their  claim, 
they  should  set  up  an  exhibit  in  opposition  to  the 
A.  P.  of  h.  But  they  would  not  dare  show  where 
and  how  their  products  are  manufactured,  nor 
would  the  quality  appeal  to  the  visitor  when  com- 
pared with  the  sterling  worth  of  union-made  pro- 
ducts. 

To  those  who  become  interested  and  desire  to 
know  more  about  the  organization,  there  are  charts 
showing  the  growth  of  the  A.  P.  of  L.  from  the 
time  of  its  organization;  also  charts  showing  the 
large  number  of  trade  unions  affiliated  with  the 
A.  P.  of  U 

Por  the  student  of  the  history  of  the  A.  P.  of  L., 
there  are  the  botmd  volumes  of  the  American 
PedbraTIONIST  and  the  proceedings  of  the  various 
conventions;  also  the  many  books  and  pamphlets 
issued  by  the  organization  from  time  to  time. 

A  number  of  the  international  unions  show  the 
form  of  their  charter,  constitution,  official  jour- 
nals, official  stationery,  devices  for  advertising 
union-made  goods,   pictures  of  officers,  in  fact,  a 


:  of  things  which  are  of  great  value  to  those 
who  desire  to  learn  something  of  the  A.  P.  of  h. 
and  its  component  parts. 

Many  of  the  international  affiliated  unions  have 
prepared  most  attractive  pictorial  exhibits  which 
may  easily  be  studied,  ana  are  very  instructive  as 
showing  the  varied  and  useful  character  of  their 
work. 

Copies!  of  the  official  journals  and  the  weekly 
labor  press  of  the  entire  country  are  attractivelv 
displayed,  and  many  a  visitor  who  stops  to  loo^ 
stays  to  read  and  asks  to  have  further  information 
forwarded  to  his  home. 

It  is  really  remarkable  how  well  the  various 
unions  have  succeeded  in  indicating  interesting 
features  of  their  work.  With  more  time  and  space 
and  greater  expenditure  this  feature  of  the  dis- 
play IS  bound  to  steadily  grow  with  every  succeed- 
ing exposition. 

The  A.  P.  of  L.  craves  criticism  and  comment. 
There  is  a  large  book  at  hand  in  which  visitors  are 
asked  to  write  their  names  and  any  suggestion 
which  occurs  to  them.  Such  comment  is  regarded 
as  being  the  most  valuable  sort  of  hint  as  to  what 
will  miuce  future  expositions  even  more  attractive 
than  this  one. 

This  is,  of  course,  not  the  first  exhibit  the  A.  P. 
of  h.  has  made  at  an  exposition.  It  has  gold 
medals,  diplomas,  and  prizes  from  both  foreign 
and  United  States  expositions.  It  made  an  exhibit 
at  the  Buffalo  and  St.  Louis  expositions  in  this 
country  and  at  the  Paris  and  Turcoing  (Prance) 
international  expositions  within  the  last  ten  years. 
Gold  medals  were  awarded  to  it  at  the  Paris  and 
St.  Louis  expositions.  It  has  been  obliged  to 
decline  a  number  of  foreign  invitations  to  exhibit 
owing  to  lack  of  time  to  prepare  and  forward 
material. 

The  following  official  catalogue  gives  some  idea 
of  the  varied  character  of  the  A.  P.  of  L.  exhibit: 

Numbered  Catalogue  of  the  A.  F,  of  L.  Exhibit. 

1.  Present  Headquarters  American  Pederation 
of  Labor,  Washington,  D.  C. 

2.  Pirst  Headquarters  American  Pederation  of 
Labor,  New  York  City,  1888-1894. 

3.  Delegates  Scranton  Convention  American 
Pederation  of  Labor,  1901. 

4.  Union  Label  Bulletin. 

5.  Samuel  Gompers,  President  American  Peder- 
ation of  Labor,  Editor  Ambrican  Pederationist. 

6.  James  Duncan,  Pirst  Vice-President  Ameri- 
can Pederation  of  Labor. 

7.  John  Mitchell,  Second  Vice-President  Ameri- 
can Pederation  of  Labor. 

8.  James  O'Connell.  Third  Vice-President  Amer- 
ican Pederation  of  Labor. 

9.  Max  Morris,  Pourth  Vice-President  American 
Pederation  of  Labor. 

10.  D.  A.  Hayes,  Pifth  Vice-President  American 
Pederation  of  Labor. 

1 1.  Daniel  J.  Keefe.  Sixth  Vice-President  Ameri- 
can Pederation  of  Labor. 

12.  Wm.  D.  Huber,  Seventh  Vice-President 
American  Pederation  of  Labor. 

13.  Joseph  P.  Valentine,  Eighth  Vice-President 
American  Pederation  of  Labor. 

14.  Prank  Morrison,  Secretary  American  Peder- 
ation  of  Labor. 

15.  John  B.  Lennon  Treasurer  American  Fed- 


688 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


17.  Form  of  charter  issued  by  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor  the  successor  to  the  National  Labor 
Union,  organized  at  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  November  I5i 
1881. 

18.  Form  of  commission  issned  to  organizers. 
If.  Form  of  Certificate  of  Membership. 

20.  Pen  used  by  President  Cleveland  m  signing 
Act  of  Congress  making  Labor  Day,  the  first  Mon- 
day in  September,  a  National  Holiday,  together 
with  original  letter  from  the  late  Hon.  Amos  J. 
Cummings,  former  member  of  International  Typo- 
graphical Union,  presenting  the  pen  to  President 
Samuel  Gompers. 

21.  Gold  Medal  awarded  American  Federation 
of  Labor  at  Paris  Exposition,  1900. 

22.  Diploma  awarded  American  Federation  of 
Labor  at  Paris  Exposition. 

23.  United  Cloth  Hat  and  Cap  Makers*  Due 
Cards,  Due  Stamps,  etc. 

24.  Title  Pages  of  Official  Journals. 

25.  Chart  showing  growth  in  membership  of 
American  Federation  of  Labor  from  formation 
(1881)  to  1903. 

26.  Chart  showing  membership  International 
Unions  affiliated  with  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  and  of  unions  not  so  affiliated. 

27.  Chart  showing  number  of  International 
Unions  affiliated  wi^  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  and  of  unions  not  so  affiliated. 

28.  Pen  used  by  Governor  Hunt  in  signing  the 
Eight  Hour  Law  for  the  Island  of  Porto  Rico,  to- 
gether with  original  letter  presenting  the  pen  to 
President  Samuel  Gompers. 

29.  Bookcase. 

Shelf  1.  Complete  Bound  Volumes  AMBia- 

CAN  FBDBRATIONIST. 

Complete  Bound  Proceedings  of  American 
Federation  of  Labor  Conventions. 

Shelf  2.  Constitutions  of  National  and  Interna- 
tional Unions.  Copies  of  official  stationery  used 
by  the  American  Federation  of  Labor.  Volume 
containing  copies  of  all  pamphlets  and  leaflets 
published  by  the  American  Federation  of  Labor — 
English,  German,  French  and  Spanish. 

Shelf  3.  Constitutions  and  By-Laws  of  City 
Central  Bodies. 

30.  Ira  Stewart  (portrait),  bom  in  Connecticut 
about  1832,  died  in  Piano,  111.,  I883. 

Wrote  article  entitled  "Poverty"  in  fourth  annual  report 
of  Maaaachusettt  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,  also  many 
other  articles  dealing  with  economics.  He  was  the  first  ex- 
pounder of  the  new  philosophy  upon  which  the  movement 
to  reduce  the  hours  of  labor  was  founded.  That  is,  that 
with  the  reduction  of  the  hours  of  labor  the  consumins: 
power  of  the  workers  is  increased,  creating  new  demands 
tending  toward  the  further  improvement  and  introduction 
of  machinery,  and  that  the  application  of  the  propelling 
forces  of  machinery  increases  the  productive  power  of 
labor  per  man  in  the  aggregate. 

31.  Exhibit  of  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpen- 
ters and  Joiners  of  America. 

32.  Printers*  Home,  Colorado  Springs,  Colo. 
Maintained  by  union  printers  for  sick  and  dis- 
abled members.  The  only  institution  of  its  kind 
in  this  country. 

33.  Volume  containing  copies  of  stationery, 
official  button,  label,  etc.,  of  Journeymen  Tailors* 
International  Union. 

34.  Part  of  exhibit  of  United  Mine  Workers  of 
America. 

35.  Form  of  charter  issued  by  Amalgamated 
Society  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners. 

36.  Chart  showing  benefits  paid  by  Amalgamated 
Society  of  Carpenter' 


37.  Executive  Board  of  Amalgamated 
tion  of  Street  and  Electric  Railway  Employes! 
of  America.  Division  176,  Sharon,  Pa.  Ihrinoa 
of  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

38.  Label  of  Brotherhood  of  Painters,  Decon« 
tors  and  Paperhangers  of  America. 

39.  Shop  card  of  the  Journeymen  Barbers*  Inters 
national  Union. 

40.  Executive  Board  of  International  Stereo- 
typers*  and  Electrotypers*. Union,  1905. 

41.  Exhibit  of  International  Alliance  of  Theatri- 
cal St^e  Employes. 

42.  Executive  Board  of  Hotel  and  Restamint 
Employes*  International  Alliance  and  Bartenden* 
International  League  ot  America. 

43*  Charters  of  International  Brotherhood  ol 
Blacksmiths  and  Helpers,  Bakers  and  Confection- 
ers* International  Union  of  America,  Intemationtl 
Association  of  Car  Workers,  International  Brother- 
hood of  Maintenance  of  Way  Employes,  Intemi- 
tional  Association  of  Bridge  and  Stmctnral  Iron 
Workers. 

44.  Executive  Board  of  Coopers*  Intemationd 
Union  of  North  America. 

45.  Exhibit  of  International  Bridge  and  Stmc- 
tural  Iron  Workers. 

46.  Executive  Council  of  the  Retail  Clerks*  In- 
ternational Association. 

47.  Exhibit  of  United  Association  Journeymen 
Plumbers,  Gasfitters,  Steamfitters  and  Steamfitters' 
Helpers. 

48.  Part  of  exhibit  of  United  Mine  Workers  of 
America. 

49.  Grand  Prize  from  the  International  Jury  of 
Awurds  of  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition,  at 
St.  Louis,  to  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
exhibit. 

50.  Literature  issued  by  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor,  Report  of  Labor*s  Political  Cam- 
paign, 19O6;  bound  volumes  of  **  The  Car  Worker," 
^*  The  Carpenter,*'  **The  United  Mine  Worken* 
Journal,**  **  The  Motorman  and  Conductor,"  "The 
Bridgemen*s  Magazine,**  **  Plumbers,  Gas  and 
Steamfitters*  Journal;"  Proceedings  of  Conven- 
tions  of  Uniteid  Mine  Workers  of  America,  speci- 
mens of  account  books  of  U.  M.  B.  of  A.,  Proceed- 
ings of  Joint  Conference  of  Miners  and  Operators, 
literature  International  Typographical  Union,  file 
of  all  Labor  Papers  and  Magazmes,  and  other  labor 
literature. 

51.  Executive  Board  of  Order  of  Railroad  Tele- 
graphers, 1904. 

52.  Gold  Medals  awarded  American  Federation 
of  Labor  at  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition,  at  St 
Louis,  1904. 

53.  Exhibit  of  Cigarmakers'  International  Union 
of  America. 

54.  Amalgamated  Meat  Cutters  and  Butcher 
Workmen  of  North  America. 

55.  Working  buttons  of  International  Assodi- 
tion  of  Car  Workers. 

56.  Official  buttons  of  various  organizations. 

57.  Advertising  matter  used  by  Tobacco  Work- 
ers* International  Union. 

58.  Exhibit  of  International  Union  of  United 
Brewery  Workers. 

59.  Exhibit  of  Piano,  Organ,  and  Musical  In- 
strument Workers.  Band  and  orchestra  instm- 
ments  made  by  C.  G.  Conn  Co.,  Elkhart,  Ind. 

60.  Exhibit  of  Sawsmiths*  Union  of  North 
America.  Saws  of  every  description  made  by  Wil- 
son Saw  and  Mfg.  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 


AN  INSTRUCTIVE  EXHIBIT 


689 


61.  Exhibit  of  Pocketknife  Blade  Grinders'  and 
Finishers'  Union. 

62.  Exhibit  of  International  Union  of  Joamey- 
men  Horseshoers  of  United  States  and  Canada. 

63.  Exhibit  of  Piano,  Organ,  and  Musical  In- 
tmment  Workers.  Upright  and  grand  pianos 
made  bj  Bosh  &  Gerts  Piano  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

64.  Exhibit  of  Boot  and  Shoe  Workers'  Union. 
Goods  furnished  by  Weber  Bros.  (North  Adams, 
Mass.),  Famous  Shoes  for  Men;  H.  H.  Brown  & 
Co.  (North  Brookfield,  Mass.),  the  Gorilla  Shoe; 
D.  Armstrong  &  Co.  (Rochester,  N.  Y.),  fine 
ladies'  shoes;  The  Ralston  Health  Shoe,  Brock 
ton,  Mass.;  Racine  Shoe  Manufacturing  Co.  (Ra- 
cine, Wis.),  The  Racine  Pelican  Waterproof; 
Wertheimer-Swarts  Shoe  Co.  (St.  Louis),  Clover 
Brand  and  Webster  School  Shoe;  W.  L.  Douglas 
Shoe  Co.  (Brockton,  Mass.),  Celebrated  Shoes; 
Haiskamp  Bros.  Shoe  Co.  (Keokuk,  Iowa),  men's 
shoes;  George  W.  Herrick  &  Co.  (Lynn,  Mass.), 
women's  shoes;  Wichert  &  Gardner  (Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.). 

65.  Garment  Workers  of  America.  Exhibit  by 
Sweet,  Orr  &  Co.  (New  York  City),  trousers,  over- 
alls, corduroy  goods. 

66.  Exhibit  of  Upholsterers'  International  Union 
of  North  America. 

67.  Exhibit  of  United  Brotherhood  of  Leather 
Workers  on  Horse  Goods.  Goods  furnished  by  L. 
Hayes  Saddlery  and  Leather  Co.  (Wichita,  Kans.), 
harness  and  bridles. 

68.  Exhibit  of  International  Union  of  Slate 
Workers. 

69.  Exhibit  of  Lobster  Fishermen's  National 
Protective  Association.  Lobster  pot  and  mounted 
lobsters. 


70.  Exhibit  of  United  Brotherhood  of  Leather 
Workers  on  Horse  Goods.  Saddles  furnished  by 
the  Herman  H.  Heiser  Saddlery  Co.,  Denver,  Colo. 

71.  Exhibit  by  the  Retail  Clerks'  International 
Protective  Association,  International  Glove  Work- 
ers' Union  of  America,  United  Textile  Workers  of 
America  (Silk  Loom  Fixers  and  Twisters  P.  and  B. 
Association  439,  Paterson,  N.  J.),  Amalgamated 
Meat  Cutters  and  Butcher  Workmen,  Suspender- 
makers'  Union  9560,  New  York  City;  International 
Union  Shirt,  Waist,  and  Laundry  Workers,  To- 
bacco Workers'  International  Union,  United  Gar- 
ment Workers  of  America,  International  Union  of 
Flour  and  Cereal  Mill  Employes,  Travelers'  Goods 
and  Leather  Novelty  Workers'  International  Union 
of  America. 

72.  International  Wood  Workers  of  America. 
Fixtures  from  Brunswick-Balke-Collender  Co. 

73.  Exhibit  of  Coopers'  International  Union  of 
North  America. 

74.  Exhibit  of  Brushmakers'  International 
Union  (Milwaukee  Local). 

75.  Exhibit  of  Brushmakers'  International 
Union  (Brooklyn  and  New  York  Locals). 

76.  International  Shingle  Weavers'  Union  of 
America. 

77.  Journeymen  Bakers'  and  Confectioners'  In- 
ternational Union. 

78.  Exhibit  of  Porcelain  Workers'  Local  No. 
12,312  (East  Liverpool,  Ohio). 

The  literature,  pictures,  and  historical  matter 
are  all  so  displayed  that  they  are  easily  accessible 
and  readily  understood.  The  catalogue  herewith 
printed  is  to  be  made  part  of  an  instructive  pamph- 
let about  to  be  issuea,  which  will  form  a  perma- 
nent part  of  A.  F.  of  L.  literature. 


THE  BROTHERHOOD  OF  MAN. 

The  thund'ring  tread  of  countless  marching  throngs, 
Rolls  down  the  ages  dark  with  human  wrongs. 
Resistless,— onward, — toward  the  dawning  light. 
The  surging  hosts  move, — groping  through  the  night; 
Mutation's  tide, — prophetic  of  the  day. 
When  Ignorance  shall  cease  its  blighting  sway; 
And  Knowledge  hush  the  moans  of  starving  Need, 
And  smite  to  earth  the  iron  hand  of  Greed. 

For  Time  shall  strike  the  scales  from  human  sight. 
And  men  shall  look  on  life  in  wisdom's  light. 
The  useless  struggles  of  the  world  shall  cease, 
And  nations  stand  in  welded  bonds  of  peace. 
Across  the  seas  and  over  foreign  lands, 
Shall  stretch  the  fervid  clasp  of  friendly  hands 
Above  the  goal  of  life's  most  noble  plan. 
The  Universal  Brotherhood  of  Man. 


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690 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing. 

Prom  thb  Ati«antic  to  th9  Pacific 

In  tbia  department  is  presented  a  comprehensive  review  of  industrial  conditions  throughout  the 
country. 

This  includes : 

A  statement  by  American  Pederation  of  Labor  general  and  local  organizers  of  labor  conditions  in 
their  vicinity. 

Increases  in  wages,  reduction  of  hours,  or  improved  conditions  gained  without  strikes. 

Work  done  for  union  labels. 

Unions  organized  during  the  last  month* 

City  ordinances  or  state  laws  passed  favorable  to  labor. 

Strikes  or  lockouts ;  causes,  results. 

A  report  of  this  sort  is  rather  a  formidable  task  when  it  is  remembered  that  nearly  1,000  of  the 
organizers  are  volunteers,  doing  the  organizing  work  and  writing  their  reports  after  the  day's  toil  is 
finished  in  factory,  mill,  or  mine. 

The  matter  herewith  presented  is  valuable  to  all  who  take  an  intelligent  interest  in  the  industrial 
development  of  the  country.  It  is  accurate,  varied,  and  comprehensive.  The  information  comes  from 
those  familiar  with  the  conditions  of  which  thev  write. 

These  organizers  are  themselves  wage-workers.  They  participate  in  the  struegles  of  the  peo^e  for 
better  conditions,  help  to  win  the  victories,  aid  in  securing  legislation — in  short,  do  the  thousand  and 
one  things  that  go  to  round  out  the  practical  labor  movement. 

Through  an  exchange  of  views  in  this  department  the  wage-workers  in  various  sections  of  the 
country  and  the  manifold  branches  of  trade  are  kept  in  close  touch  with  each  other. 

Taken  in  connection  with  the  reports  from  secretaries  of  international  unions,  this  department 
gives  a  luminous  vision  of  industrial  advancement  throughout  the  country. 


FROM  INTERNATIONAL  OFFICERS. 


Bridge  and  Structural  Iron  Workers, 
y.  y.  McNamara, — A  number  of  our  local  unions 
are  obtaining  better  conditions  and  higher  wages 
without  strike.  Trade  conditions  fair.  We  still 
oppose  the  open  shop  policy  of  the  American 
Bridge  Company  and  the  National  Erectors*  Asso- 
ciation. New  unions  have-  recently  been  formed 
in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.;  Denver.  Colo.,  and  Butte, 
Mont.  We  had  11  deaths  and  expended  |1,100  in 
death  benefits. 

Brush  makers* 
y  M,  McEltoy, — In  some  sections  we  have  made 
considerable  gain,  while  other  places  have  only 
made  slight  improvement  in  conaitions.  Our  con- 
vention held  in  June  recommended  doing  away  with 
conventions  in  order  to  use  the  money  to  or^^auize 
the  trade,  advertise  the  union  label,  and  build  up 
our  defense  fund.  Employment  has  grown  more 
plentiful  as  summer  advanced. 

Carvers  (Wood). 

John  S.  Henry, — Our  strike  for  increased  wages 
in  Chicago  still  on  at  this  writing.  We  are  paying 
strike  benefits  to  our  unemployed  members.  We 
have  also  paid  out  |300  in  death  benefits  during 
the  month. 

Car  Workers. 
G,  W.  Gibson. — Employment  plentiful  and  we  ex- 
pect it  to  continue.  We  had  300  men  on  strike  on 
the  Atlantic  Coast  Line  to  secure  improved  wages 
and  abolition  of  piece-work.  We  recently  formed 
new  local  at  Sayre,  Pa. 


Elevator  Constructors. 

Wtn,  Young.  —We  are  maintaining  the  improved 
conditions  we  have  secured  through  organization. 
Employment  fairly  steady.  No  recent  changes  in 
hours  or  wages. 

Glove  Workers* 

Agnes  Nestor, — ^Trade  good.  Our  local  in  De 
Kalb,  111.,  secured  signing  of  new  wage  scale. 
Label  agreements  and  wage  scales  have  been  signed 
by  the  Milwaukee  Glove  Company,  of  Milwaukee, 
and  Schulherr  Company,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.  We 
will  give  a  complete  report  of  our  work  at  our  con- 
vention which  was  held  last  month  in  Rockford,  III 

Hodcarriers  and  Building  Laborers. 
H.  A.  Stemburgh, — Some  of  our  unions  have  se- 
cured slight  increase  in  wages  and  others  have  re- 
duced hours  from  ten  to  nine  and  from  nine  to  eight 
a  day.  Wages  have  increased  from  f  3. 50  to  $4  a  daj. 
During  the  month  we  issued  charters  to  Scranton, 
Pa.;  Kewanee,  111.;  Norwich,  Conn.;  Wilkesbarre, 
Pa. ;  Providence,  R.  I. ;  Regina,  Canada;  New  Cas- 
tle, Ind.;  Jacksonville,  111.  During  the  past  two 
months  we  chartered  several  organizations  belong- 
ing to  the  International  Laborers'  Union  and  those 
connected  with  the  Building  Laborers'  Interna- 
tional Protective  Union  of  America.  The  A.  F.  of 
L.  organizers  and  city  central  bodies  have  assisted 
us  a  great  deal  of  late  in  securing  applications  for 
charters  from  independent  organizations,  and  we 
desire  through  the  columns  of  the  American  Fed- 
KRATiONiST  to  express  our  sincere  thanks  to  all 
those  who  have  assisted  us  in  the  work  of  organ- 
izing the  wage-earners  of  our  craft. 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


691 


Interior  Ftdght  Handkfs. 
Jokn  J,  Flynn, — We  arc  working  to  organize 
solidly  the  freight  handlers  and  railway  clerks 
thronehout  the  United  States  and  Canada,  as  we 
know  oy  experience,  that  where  both  bodies  are 
affiliated  with  each  other,  we  have  gained  results 
for  both,  which  can  not  be  attained  otherwise.  In 
Chicago  5,000  men  secured  10  per  cent  increase  in 
wages.  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis  show  nine  per 
cent  wage  increase  for  men  in  our  trade.  About 
three  hundred  San  Francisco  members  gained  10 
per  cent  increase,  and  fully  400  members  in  New  Or- 
leans nine  per  cent  advance.  New  Unions  have  been 
formed  in  Montreal  and  Port  Arthur,  Canada,  and 
Minneapolis  and  Brainerd,  Minn.  Our  member- 
ship is  rapidly  increasing. 

Knife  Grinders  (Table). 
John  GUasoH, — A  number  of  the  shops  in  our 
trade  shut  down  for  a  short  time  for  necessary 
repairs.  There  are  plenty  of  orders  and  good  de- 
mand for  men.  Our  men  in  Bay  State,  Mass., 
went  out  in  sympathy  with  metal  polishers. 

Lathers. 
Ralph    V,    Brandt, — New   unions    have   been 
formed  in  New  Brighton,  N.  Y.;  Holland,  Mich.;> 
Charleston,  W.  Va.,  and  Indian  Territory.    Trade 
conditions  good. 

Paving  Cutters* 
Wm.  Dodge, — ^Trade  conditions  fair.  Our  trade 
agreements  are  made  in  the  spring  each  year. 
We  are  at  present  working  nine  hours,  but  we  are 
looking  forward  to  the  adoption  of  the  eight  hour 
workday.  We  have  recently  chartered  new 
anions  in  Waldran  Island,  Wash.;  Swan's  Island, 
Me  ,  and  Bell's  Comers,  Out.  We  paid  out  |200 
n  death  benefits  recently. 

Plumbers. 
Thos.  M,  Dooley. — Our  total  membership  now 
approximates  about  eighteen  thousand  members 
and  we  have  made  lar^e  increase  lately.  Strikes 
are  on  in  a  number  of  cities  affecting  about  six  hun- 
dred members.  We  had  expenditures  of  |400  for 
death  benefits  recently. 

Seamen. 
Wm,  H.  Frazier,^Vft  are  continually  organiz- 
ing.   Conditions  of  work    fair  and  steadily  im- 
proving. 


Shingk  Weavers, 
y.  E,  Campbell, — Trade  fair  and  we  are  looking 
for  still  better  conditions.  After  a  six  weeks* 
strike  in  Snohomish,  Wash.,  for  increased  wages, 
the  men  gained  fair  result.  Judge  Black,  of  Sno- 
homish coun  y,  issued  a  restraining  order  against 
our  members,  but  a  permanent  injunction  ¥ras 
denied  the  plaintiff,  whose  witnesses  denied  every- 
thing  they  had  sworn  to  in  the  afl&davits.  The 
general  result  of  the  injunction  has  been  to 
strengthen  union  sentiment  among  the  men.  New 
unions  have  been  organized  in  Nohma,  Mich.; 
Wabeno,  Wis.;  Raymond,  Wash.,  and  Portland, 
Oregon. 

Slate  and  Tile  Roofers. 
Wm,  CKar^.— This  has  been  our  busy  season 
and  wa^es  generally  have  increased.  Saturday 
half -holiday  has  been  established  in  Hartford, 
Conn.  In  Altoona,  Pa.,  our  union  reduced  the 
hours  from  ten  to  nine* a  day.  All  other  locals 
have  the  eight  hour  day.  With  very  few  excep- 
tions all  our  members  steadily'  employed.  We 
have  slight  trouble  in  Pittsburg  at  this  writing. 

Theatrical  Stage  Employes. 
Lee  M,  Hart. — Trade  first-class  throughout. 
In  a  number  of  cities  we  have  secured  improved 
conditions — Cleveland,  Toledo,  Dayton,  Chicago, 
Youngstown,  Oakland,  San  Francisco  and  Los 
Angeles.  Our  convention,  which  was  held  in 
Norfolk  in  July,  was  well  attended,  and  elected 
the  following  officers:  President,  John  Suarez, 
St  Louis,  Mo.;  first  vice-president,  J.  G.  Skinner, 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.;  second  vice-president,  X.  A. 
Denney.  Houston,  Texas;  third  vice-president, 
W.  ].  Furlong,  Montreal,  Canada;  fourth  vice- 
president,  T.  H.  Metcalf,  Spokane,  Wash.;  fifth 
vice-president,  Nate  Johnson,  New  Haven,  Conn.; 
secretary  treasurer,  Lee  M.  Hart,  Chicago,  111.; 
delegates  to  the  A.  F.  of  L.,  Lee  M.  Hart  and 
John  J.  Barry.  The  next  convention  of  our  organi- 
zation will  be  held  1908  in  Minneapolis. 

Woodsmen  and  Sawmill  Workers 
Ernest  G,  Pape,—  We  are  actively  building  up 
our  organization.  Employment  plentiful  and 
steady.  Our  members  have  t)een  on  strike  in  Hum- 
bolt  County,  Cal.,  and  after  five  weeks  gained 
slight  increase  in  wages.  Some  of  our  most  prom- 
inent members  have  been  blacklisted  by  the  em- 
ployers. A  new  union  was  recently  organized  in 
Vancouver. 


FROM  DISTRICT,  STATE,  AND  LOCAL  ORGANIZERS. 


ALABAMA. 

PotDderly,-—^ .  H.  Downey: 

Organized  labor  in  this  district  doin^good  work 
and  is  in  splendid  condition.  All  union  men  are 
steadily  employed.  After  a  short  strike  the  several 
trades  secured  increase  of  1 5  cents  per  day.  Organ- 
ized labor  seems  to  be  winning  the  day  in  this 
section.  The  employers  do  not  seem  so  prejudiced 
as  formerly.  The  miners  are  urging  the  sale  of 
anion  label  goods.  The  cause  of  unionism  is  con- 
tinually promoted. 


ARKANSAS. 

Hot  SpHng5,--P,  I.  Hensley: 

Considering  the  dull  season,  the  unions  are 
holding  their  own  very  well.  Most  of  the  work 
here  is  done  by  union  men.  The  skilled  trades  are 
pretty  well  organized,  about  ninety  per  cent  being 
union.  Bartenders  are  organizing. 

Little  Rock.^h.  H.  Moore: 

All  unions  throughout  the  state  are  in  good 
shape.  Employment  is  fairly  steady  in  all  in- 
dustries.   Colored    fire-box    cleaners    in  railroad 

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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


shops  have  secured  two  cents  an  hour  increase 
in  wages.  Better  wages  and  hours  prevail  among 
the  organized  workers  than  among  the  unorgan- 
ized. The  trade  unions  in  many  parts  of  the 
state  are  co-operating  with  the  farmers*  unions  to 
their  mutual  advantage.  Good  results  have  been 
obtained  by  active  agitation  for  the  union  labels. 
A  federal  union  in  Little  Rock  and  a  county  fede- 
ration of  labor  embracing  the  farmers*  union  of 
Johnson  County  have  organized. 

Midland. — Charles  J.  Acton: 

Organized  labor  has  fair  conditions  and  is  stead- 
ily employed.  On  the  other  hand  the  unorganized 
workers  are  in  a  sorry  plight.  Have  no  strikes  or 
other  troubles  to  report.  Organized  labor  is  far  in 
advance  of  the  unorganized.  Am  trying  to  organ- 
ize a  federal  union  and  a  label  league,  both  of 
which  organizations  will  be  of  much  benefit  to  the 
workers  in  this  city. 

CAUFORNIA* 

Los  Angeles, — L.  D.  Biddle: 

We  have  held  a  number  of  open  meetings  and 
have  been  successful  in  securing  many  new  mem- 
bers. Boilermakers  are  on  strike  at  this  writing. 
We  are  promoting  the  union  labels.  Rolling  mill 
men  have  organized  and  butcher  workmen  and 
garment  workers  of  Wadsworth  are  about  to  organ- 
ize. 

Monterey,— t,  H.  Dean: 

Employment  has  been  plentiful  all  summer  and 
wages  are  good.  No  strikes  to  report  Organized 
workers  secure  far  better  conditions  than  the  unor- 
ganized. Several  measures  objectionable  to  organ- 
ized labor  were  defeated  by  our  representatives 
who  watched  the  legislature  closely.  Practicfilly 
all  trades  in  this  section  are  organized. 

Pasadena.— O,  C.  Keyes: 

Untruthful  statements  as  to  wages  and  work,  cir- 
culated throughout  the  country  by  interested  par- 
ties, tend  to  mislead  a  great  number  of  people,  who 
'leave  their  positions  in  the  east  to  come  here  for  a 
bare  existence,  after  spending  large  sums  of  money 
for  railroad  fare  to  get  here.  It  behooves  the 
workers  in  other  sections  to  beware  of  these  state- 
ments, issued  by  the  railroads. 

Electrical  workers  have  recently  formed  union. 
Typographical  union  is  active  in  the  work  for  the 
union  labels. 

San  Jose.  — F .  J .  Hepp : 

Organized  labor  in  fair  condition.  Plumbers  and 
tinners  after  a  two  weeks'  lockout  effected  a  set- 
tlement, gaining  50  cents  a  day  increase.  Laundry 
workers  are  out  for  the  eifi:ht  hour  day  and  have 
the  support  and  co-operation  of  two  central  bodies 
in  order  to  secure  and  maintain  the  eight  hour  day. 

COLORADO. 

Denver.— Frank].  Pulver: 

Practically  all  organized  trades  employed.  From 
80  to  90  per  cent  of  the  organized  workers  are  on 
the  eight  hour  basis  with  fair  wages.  The  unor- 
ganized crafts  are  profiting  by  the  efforts  of  the 
union  men.  Theatrical  stage  employes  secured 
increase  in  wages  from  5  to  35  per  cent  and  a  two- 
year  contract.  Broommakers  secured  increase. 
Waiters,  cooks,  and  helpers  also  obtained  a  10  per 
t:ent  advance.  Mine  workers  district  council  of 
Wyoming  held  a  convention  in  this  city  and  ex- 


pelled two  members  who  were  alleged  to  be  Pin- 
kerton  spies.    The  label  leagues  are  very  active. 

CONNECTICUT. 

New  London. — Alex.  Murphy: 

Nearly  all  organized  traaes  are  working  the 
eight  hour  day,  and  while  the  pay  is  not  what  ve 
desire,  still  it  is  far  ahead  of  the  wages  received  by 
the  unorganized  workers.  Central  labor  union  has 
been  organized,  and  we  expect  good  results.  All  I 
union  labels  find  a  good  demand.  Painters  and 
decorators  have  formed  union. 

FLORIDA. 

SI.  Au^usline.— John  H.  Pomar: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  very  satisfactory; 
far  superior  to  the  condition  of  unorganized  crafts. 
There  are  but  few  unorganized  workers  here,  and 
they  still  work  10  hour  day,  whereas  the  union 
men  have  secured  the  eight  hour  work  day.  Child 
labor  law  was  passed  by  the  last  legislature.  Good 
work  is  done  for  the  union  labels. 

Tarpon  Springs. — Victor  Castaing: 

Industrial  conditions    good    and    employment 

steady  for  union  men.  No  strikes  or  other  troubles 

to  report. 

GEORGIA. 

Brunswick. — W.  C  Caraway: 

Organized  labor  in  healthy  condition,  es- 
pecially among  the  building  trades.  Prospects 
bright  for  steady  employment  until  falL  Paint- 
ers gained  increase  of  50  cents  a  day  without 
strike,  their  wage  scale  now  being  $Z  a  day  of 
nine  hours.  Organized  workers  have  the  eight 
and  nine  hour  day,  while  unorganized  workers 
still  have  the  10  hours.  A  local  hotel  is  being  con- 
structed entirely  by  union  labor.  There  is  an  in- 
creasing demand  for  the  union  labels.  Retail 
clerks,  who  are  in  thriving  condition,  gained  early 
closing  from  the  time  of  their  organization. 

IDAHO. 

Boise.— 1.  W.Wright: 

Organized  trades  in  fair  condition,  but  the  un- 
skilled organized  workers  make  slow  progress  on 
account  of  the  great  number  of  unorganized  work- 
ers in  their  line.  All  union  men  at  work.  The 
unorganized  workers  take  full  advantage  of  the 
established  hours  and  wages  and  are  indiffer^t 
to  organization.  Telephone  operators  and  electri- 
cal workers  are  on  strike.  Organized  workers 
have  the  advantage  over  the  unorganized  trades. 
Street  laborers  asked  for  eight  hour  day  at|2.50 
and  secured  nine  hours  at  |2.50.  Federated  trades 
and  labor  council  at  Nampa,  working  on  several 
unions  with  view  to  organizing.  Teamsters, 
clerks  of  Nampa,  carpenters  at  Bmmett,  and 
bartenders,  bootblacks,  porters,  cooks  and  wait- 
ers, and  laundry  workers  of  Boise  are  about  to 
organize. 

ILLINOIS. 

Belleville.— V^.  A.  Eskridge: 

With  the  exception  of  building  trades,  all  are 
steadily  employed.  Carpenters'  strike  has  affected 
employment  in  the  other  buildin|^  trades.  The 
Manufacturers'  Association  is  trying  to  prevent 
the  city  from  making  any  improvements  unless  it 
employs  cheaper  labor. 


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WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


693 


Benton  — C  E.  McCollom: 

With  the  exception  of  the  clerks,  practically  all 
trades  are  organized.  Improved  conditions  have 
been  secured  on  street  work.  We  are  working  for 
the  nnion  labels. 

Blootningtan, — A.  L.  Van  Ness: 

Organized  labor  has  the  t>est  of  the  situation 
here.  Union  men  are  holding  their  own  and  main- 
tain the  improved  conditions  which  they  have 
secured  through  organized  effort. 

Carlinville, — R.  Bohrman: 

Industrial  conditions  fairly  good  and  employ- 
ment is  steady.  No  strikes  to  report.  All  trades 
are  organized.  Good  work  is  done  for  the  union 
Ubels. 

Carrier  Mills.— V;^.  T.  Davis : 

Organized  labor  is  preferred  by  employers  on 
account  of  its  greater  reliability.  Employment  is 
rather  dull  at  this  writing.   Clerks  have  organized. 

Cariervil/e.—Jsimes  Kelly: 

These  is  plenty  of  work  for  unskilled  laborers 
at  from  $\.S0  to  |1.75  per  day  of  eight  hours. 
The  unions  here  are  doing  all  they  can  to  promote 
the  demand  for  the  union  labels. 

Champaign,— Vf.  E.  Price : 

Employment  steady  for  all  organized  workmen. 
The  union  lal>els  are  pushed.  No  recent  changes 
in  hours  or  wages. 

Chicago, — H.  J.  Conway: 

My  observations  on  my  trip  through  several 
states  leads  me  to  believe  that  a  general  agitation 
for  the  union  labels  would  result  in  much  ^ood, 
also  the  elimination  wherever  possible  of  political 
tricksters  from  the  labor  movement.  Shorter 
workday  has  been  secured  in  several  cities  with- 
out strike. 

DanviiU.—O.  A.  Hessler: 

We  find  employment  steady  in  this  section. 
City  council  passed  an  ordinance,  paying  $2  for 
eight  hour  day  on  municipal  work.  Hot  water 
and  sewer  pipe  fitters  and  helpers  have  organized. 
Have  one  new  union  under  way.  Good  work  is 
done  for  the  union  labels. 

Herrin, — L.  E.  Jacobs: 

Nearly  all  trades  in  this  cit^  are  organized  and 
enjoying  satisfactory  conditions.  Employment 
•toidy  with  the  exception  of  some  mines  which 
art  -'.Wiii'.ii-g  only  hxilf  time.  A  tvFo  weekii'  strike  of 
lie  retail  clerks  secured  for  tbem  recoj^nition  of 
Qoifm  and  better  wotking  conditions,  A  strong 
afitation  ta  carried  on  for  the  union  la  be  la. 

La  Salle. — Geo.  A.  Hunter: 

Organized  labor  here  in  good  shape,  but  the  un- 
organized workers  never  know  when  their  work  is 
4cue.  Federal  union  now  embraces  all  ntiskilled 
kbor.  Teamsters  are  not  yet  organized  and  their 
coitditions  ate  poor.  All  trades  hoomiug  with 
Ibe exception  of  teamster*.  City  firemen  secured 
advance  in  wa^ea  without  strike.  We  are  pusliing 
4i|  onion  labels. 

Marion.— Vnii\  J.  Smith: 

nmployinettt  is  steady  for  organized  trades.  The 

^ ursan! ted  w*ork ersshare  our  good  condition*, 
i:t  their  employ nient  is  irregular  and  their  hours 

r  IfJOg,     Employes  of  local  ice  coinpany  are  on 

V*-:  for  advnnce  in  wages.    The  company  con- 

i!ie  Advance  in   wa^^s*  t»ut  refuses  to  lake 

ick  the  old  employes.     Hotel  and  restaurant  em* 

uy«  lod  briek  tile  and  terra  cotta  workers  have 


organized.  A  federal  union  is  being  formed.  Good    ' 
work  is  done  for  the  union  labels. 

Monmouth. — E.  K.  Brasel: 

Conditions  of  organized  labor  steadily  advancing. 
Wages  have  increased  without  trouble.  Work  has 
been  plentiful  but  just  at  present  is  a  little  dull. 
Hodcarriers  have  organized.  Bartenders  and  team- 
sters are  about  to  form  unions. 

Am.— -Edward  Low: 

Have  three  new  unions  under  way  and  expect 
to  report  them  organized  next  month.  The  con- 
dition x>f  the  unorganized  wotkers  is  poor.  Em- 
ployment is  steady. 

Sterling.^H..  A.  Brown: 

Organized  trades  are  working  shorter  hours  than 
the  unorganized.  Work  is  steady.  The  union 
labels  are  demanded  on  cigars,  clothing,  tobacco, 
and  shoes. 

Taylorville.—],  A.  Holmes: 

Industrial  conditions  here  are  favorable.  Wages 
have  increased  and  hours  have  been  shortened  this 
year.  We  now  work  the  eieht  hour  day.  Union 
labor  seems  to  be  preferred  by  employers.  Every 
local  union  urges  the  demand  of  the  union  labels. 

INDIANA. 

Elkhart.— George  M.  Sargent: 

Union  men  are  steadily  employed  at  good  wages. 
The  unorganized  crafts  have  uncertain  employ- 
ment and  their  wages  do  not  compare  with  the 
nnion  men.  Cigarmakers,  without  strike,  secured 
advance  in  wages  from  50  cents  to  |1.50  per  thou- 
sand; also  improved  shop  conditions.  Good  work 
is  done  for  the  union  labels.  Hodcarriers  have 
organized  and  barbers  and  teamsters  are  about  to 
form  union.  Boilermakers  at  this  writing  are  on 
strike  for  better  shop  conditions  and  the  abolition 
of  piece-work.    Their  prospects  are  good. 

Indianapolis.— John  Gallivan: 

Organized  trade  enjoys  fair  conditions  and 
steady  employment.  Several  railroad  systems 
have  increased  wages  two  and  three  cents  an 
hour  without  strike.  In  organized  shops  wages 
are  about  fifteen  per  cent  higher  than  in  the  unor- 
ganized. 

Logansport,— Don  Smith  and  O.  P.  Smith: 
New  unions  are  continually  being  formed  and 
the  ojder  unions  show  increased  membership  and 
a  renewed  activity,  which  is  very  encouraging. 
We  expect  to  make  a  good  showing  as  regards  in- 
dustrial progress  this  year.  Employment  is  steady. 
In  every  industry  there  is  a  great  difference  be- 
tween the  conditions  of  organized  and  unorgan- 
ized labor,  the  union  men  in  every  instance 
receiving  higher  wages  and  shorter  hours.  The 
r rouble  which  has  long  existed  between  the 
Western  Motor  Company  and  machinists'  union 
has  been  settled.  We  expect  to  hold  the  largest 
Labor  Day  celebration  ever  held  in  this  city.  Bar- 
tenders have  organized  with  a  membership  of  32. 
Carpenters  and  garment  workers  are  about  to 
organize. 

Madi sofj .^Henry  Humphrey: 

This  has  been  an  exceptionally  dull  season,  but 
the  organized  workers  are  in  good  condition  and 
gaining  ground.  The  public  in  general  is  begin- 
ning to  recognize  organized  labor  in  a  more 
friendly  spirit.  Barbers  and  hodcarriers  are 
likely  to  organize. 

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m 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Marian,— Vi9.ii\i  Bair: 

All  trades  steadily  employed  with  the  exception 
of  glass  workers.  Union  men  enjoy  good  condi- 
tions, but  the  unorganized  trades  are  in  poor 
shape.  Painters  have  formed  a  union.  Plaster- 
ers are  at>onl  to  organ iie. 

INDIAN  TERRITORY. 

South  MfAUsier.—'D.  S.  O'Leary: 

Union  men  find  employment  steady.  There  is 
good  demand  for  both  skilled  and  unskilled  labor. 
Organised  labor  making  good  progress.  There  is 
a  fair  demand  for  the  union  labels.  Federal  union 
about  lobe  organized, 

IOTA. 

Cedar  Rapids  —k.  J.  Cronkhite: 

Conditions  here  are  the  best  in  the  history  of 
th  is  ci  ty  an  d  V  J  c  J  n  i  ty .  Em  ploy  men  t  is  steady ,  a  nd 
in  some  trades  there  are  not  enough  men  to  supply 
the  demand,  particularly  the  carpenters  and  sheet 
metal  workers.  We  have  reduced  hours  from  nine 
to  eight  hours  a  day  without  trouble,  all  of  the 
building  trades  working  eight  hour  day.  Last  year 
building  laborers  worked  nine  and  ten  hours  for  as 
low  as  |Ih30^  while  this  year  they  are  getting  $2 
foT  eight  hours.  Unorganijsed  lalior  in  factories  in 
bad  condilion*  working  any  kind  of  hours  for  as 
low  as  $\  for  lO^ours.  An  ordinance  was  passed 
to  grant  the  Rock  Island  R.  R.  Company  the 
closing  of  some  streets,  same  to  be  done  by  Cedar 
R  a  puis  labor,  which  means  union  labor.  We  have 
a  union  label  league  doing  good  work.  Cement 
workers  have  organized  and  bartenders  are  about 
to  form  union. 

Dub ugue.  —S\  m on  M il ler : 

Union  men  in  Ibis  city  have  by  far  the  best  con- 
ditions as  regards  wages  and  hours.  Milkmen 
have  strong  hopes  to  win  their  strike.  Nothing 
new  to  report  since  last  month. 

Sioux  O'/y-^John  Conway: 

Organised  trades  in  fairly  good  condition,  al- 
though there  Is  a  good  demand  for  both  skilled 
and  unskilled  labor.  There  seems  to  be  a  revival 
of  unionism  here.  Our  assembly  is  doing  good  work 
for  the  union  labels. 

Waierim.—'E.Q.  Pnllen: 

Industrial  conditions  good  and  employment 
steady.  Cement  workers  have  formed  union  and 
cooks  and  waiters  are  about  to  organize. 

KANSAS. 

Kaftms  Ci/y.— S.  E.  Peele: 

All  unions  in  good  shape  and  steadily  employed 
at  good  wages.  However,  there  is  still  much  work 
to  be  done  in  the  way  oF  organization.  We  are 
working  to  gel  them  in  line.  Have  organized  a 
central  body  and  patternmakers'  union.  Retail 
clerks  and  teamsters  are  about  to  organize.  Work 
is  plentiful.  Organized  labor  has  much  the  best  of 
the  situation  here  as  regards  wages  and  hours. 

Piiisburg.-  K   W.  Jenkins: 

About  seventy -five  per  cent  of  the  workers  here 
are  organized.  We  are  working  under  the  last 
year's  wage  scale.   Employment  is  steady, 

KENTUCKY. 

Lexington.— hw^w^i  A.  Babliti: 

Generally  speaking,  organized  trades  have  fair 
conditions,  with  which  the  unorganized  can  not 
compare,  and  on  that  account  there  is  much  dis* 


content  among  the  unorganized  workers.  Emploj* 
ment  seems  to  be  plentiful.  Plumbers  struck  and 
have  practically  obtained  their  demands  for  eight 
hours  at  f4  fl  day.  Printers  have  added  asother 
firm  to  their  list  of  union  shops.  Coopers  gained 
slight  advance.  There  is  a  good  demand  for  union- 
labeled  goods.  Railroad  clerks,  stonemasons,  ipd 
plasterers  are  about  to  organize. 

Lou  is  mile.  — J  oh  n  Yo  u  ng : 

Work  is  plentiful  and  organized  trades  secnw 
good  conditions.  Tile  setters  have  organized  and 
drug  clerks  are  about  to  form  union.  Good  work 
is  done  for  the  union  labels. 

Protndence.^K.  H.  Nasbitt: 

Wages  have  advanced  15  per  cent  this  year  for 
union  men  without  strike.  We  are  working  to  pro- 
mote the  union  labels.  Retail  clerks  are  about  to 
organize. 

MAINE. 

Waierviile.--}.  F.  Partridge: 

Organized  labor  is  making  good  progress.  FAper- 
makers  here  are  in  need  of  organization.  Emploj. 
ment  is  steady.   Plumbers  are  about  to  form  unioa, 

MASSACHUSETTS* 

Chicapee.^}.  F.  Murphy:  ; 

Work  is  plentiful  for  everybody  and  on  Ibis  *c-      ' 
count  it  is  hard   to   get  the  unorganized  workers     1 
together.     Improved  wages  have  been  secured  by 
union  men  without  strike^    Good  work  is  done  far     I 
the  unbn  labels.     Textile  workers  have  fotiued 
union. 

Fait  River.  — M  at t  h  e  w  J .  M  alon  ey : 

Employment  is  steady.  Painters  secured  25  cents 
advance  a  day  without  strike.  Weavers  expect  to 
receive  a  standard  length  of  cut.  AH  union  labels 
are  patronized  by  union  men.  Horseahoers  h«vf 
organized. 

Marlboro. — Philip  J.  Byrne: 

My  recent  trip  west  was  taken  in  the  interest  of 
the  shoe  workers'  union.  I  found  the  west  prettj 
well  organized.  The  shoe  workers  have  settled 
their  strike  with  the  Net  lie  ton  Shoe  Com  pan  y. 
This  was  accomplished  through  the  A.  F.  of  L. 
Have  formed  a  new  union  of  shoemakers  in  Hanai- 
bal,  Mo, 

Worcester, — Chas,  A.  Culten: 

Every  organization  in  the  building  trades  secttred 
increased  wages  last  spring.  The  organized  trsde^ 
are  enjoying  good  conditions.  Typo .^ rap b i cal  uaioo 
is  steadily  gaining.  Sheet  metal  workers,  blick- 
smiths  and  helpers,  machinists  and  iron  workers 
have  formed  unions.  Leather  workers  and  wire 
workers  may  organize  in  the  near  future.  We  hate 
a  hustling  label  committee  working  for  the  union 
labels. 

MICHIGAN* 

Ann  Arhor,—}.  W  Quirk: 

During  the  past  year  we  have  had  a  boom  to  tJt' 
building  trades  and  conditions  are  very  good^  To 
a  great  eiteut  the  unorganized  workers  share  lb* 
be ntfi ts  sec u red  by  orga n  j zed  effort .  Pai nters  arr 
securing  new  applications  for  membership  at  everj 
meeting.  Label  committee  is  doing  good  work  ifld 
urge  the  demand  for  the  union  labels, 

Lansing. ^\>Si,y'\d  A    itoyd: 

Several  org  ankers  representing  different  tnde* 
have  been  working  in  this  vicinity  in  order  to  or- 
ganize locals  of  their  cal  1  inland  havf  done  g«od 
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WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


695 


work.  Painters  have  formed  union  daring  the 
month. 

Marine  Cify,—C,  F.  Farman: 

Organized  labor  was  never  in  better  condition 
than  at  present.  Hope  to  have  two  new  unions  or- 
ganized by  next  month.  The  unorganized  crafts 
are  coming  in  line,  realizing  he  benefits  of  organ- 
ization. All  city  officials  are  union  men  and  the 
non-union  workers  stand  small  show  to  get  muni- 
cipal work.  The  Great  Lakes  Bngineering  Works 
locked  out  their  men,  but  they  are  all  back  at 
work  with  an  advance  of  25  cents  per  day  for  un- 
skilled labor. 

SauUSU,  Marie.— Jas.  W.  Troyer: 

Industrial  conditions  first  class  in  this  vicinity. 
Carpenters  won  a  three  days*  strike  for  increased 
wages.  Shingle  weavers  struck  for  better  condi- 
tions and  secured  the  same.  Employment  is  steady. 
Blacksmiths,  railroad  clerks,  and  car  repairers  in 
St.  Ignace,  Mich.,  have  formed  unions. 

MISSOURI 

Independence, — C.  L.  Munro: 

So  far  we  have  only  the  carpenters  organized. 
Stonemasons  of  this  city  have  joined  the  union  of 
their  craft  in  Kansas  City.  Am  trying  to  get  them 
to  form  a  local  here.  No  changes  in  wages  or  hours 
to  report. 

Kansas  CiVy.— John  T.  Smith: 

We  recently  laid  the  corner-stone  of  our  new 
Lat>or  Temple.  Organized  labor  in  good  shape, 
and  employment  is  steady.  Steamfitters'  helpers 
have  secured  increase  of  50  cents  per  day.  Build- 
ing laborers  have  organized.  Union  label  league 
is  doing  good  work. 

Moberly.—C.  B.  Dysart: 

There  are  but  few  unorganized  trades  here. 
Conditions-  are  satisfactory  and  employment  is 
steady.  A  number  of  trades  have  been  out  in  sym- 
pathy with  the  pipe  fitters  and  tinners  in  Wabash. 
Sutionary  engineers  have  organized  since  last  re- 
port. Tinners  and  freight  handlers  are  about  to 
form  unions.  We  patronize  the  union  labels  at  all 
times. 

Poplar  Bluff.— ^\  Everhart: 

Organized  labor  holding  its  own  very  well,  the 
unious  are  working  inl|armony  and  coming  closer 
together.  Employment  is  steady  in  all  trades  ex- 
cepting the  building  lines.  Wages  and  hours  are 
kept  up  to  the  standard.  Union  men,  such  as  hod- 
carriers  and  excavators,  get  from  f2  to  |2.25  a 
day,  while  the  non-union  men  work  10  hour  day 
for  $\  75.  There  is  good  demand  for  the  union 
laliels. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

E/tzabeln.— John  Keyes: 

Work  is  plentiful  in  all  classes  of  work.  Ad- 
vance in  wages  is  noticed  in  nearly  every  trade 
this  year.  There  is  considerable  diflFerence  be- 
tween the  condition  of  organized  labor  as  com- 
pared Mrith  the  unorganized  workers  It  is  difficult 
to  get  the  unorganized  workers  educated  up  to 
the  standard  of  organization,  as  they  are  a  number 
of  nationalities.  The  union  label  committee  is 
working  to  push  the  union  labels  to  the  front. 

Vineland.—lS..  E.  Howe: 

Industrial  coil' litions  fair  and  employment  steady 
in  most  industries.  Union  men  urge  the  demand 
of  the  union  labels. 


NEW  YORK. 

Albany.— VJm.  A.  McCabe: 
All  trades  have  been  steadily  employed  this  year. 
Carpenters  have  obtaiued  increase  of  wages  without 
strike  and  have  increased  their  membership  no- 
ticeably.    Condition  of  organized  labor  as  to  hours 
and  wages,  when  compart  with  the  unorganized, 
is  40  per  cent  better      Riggers  have  organized  re- 
cently.   The  unorganized  workers  are  in  very  poor 
condition  in  this  section. 
Elmita. — G.  N.  Moshier  and  Thos.  J.  Crowley: 
AH  organized  crafts  are  enjoying  superior  con- 
ditions to  what  they  had   in  former  years.    Em- 
ployment is  steady,  especially  among  the  building 
crafts.    In  a  number  of  trades  the  wages  are  not 
up  to  the  standard,  but  there  is  a  tendency  to- 
ward  higher  wa^es  and  a  steady  improvement 
in  that  direction  is  noticed.    There  are  a  number 
of  unorganized  trades  working  a  10  hour  day  for 
less  wages  than  the  organized  get  for  eight.    The 
merchants  in  this  city  are  sympathetic  toward  or- 
ganized labor,  and  actively  promote  the  sale  of 
union-label   goods.     Piano  workers    and   waiters 
have  formed  unions.    All  unions  report  employ- 
ment steady  in  this  vicinity.    Great  interest  is 
shown    by  the  workers  in    the  preparation  for 
Labor  Day.    Hope  to  have  the  tinners  organized 
by  next  month. 
Newburgh. — John  Rothery: 
Organized  lab  r,  by  securing  increased  wages, 
has  opened  the  eyes  of  the  unorganized  workers. 
Carpenters  and  painters  have  settled  their  trouble 
by  arbitration  after  a  lockout  which  lasted  three 
months.     They  gain  better  wages  and  conditions. 
Lace    weavers   are   still    on    strike.    They   have 
placed  a  case  of  imported  labor  from  Nottingham, 
England,  in  the  hands  of   Labor  Commissioner 
F.  P.  Sargent.     The  assembly  bill  for  eight  hours 
on  railroads  was  passed  recently.     Nearly  every 
trade  in  Newburgh  is  organized.     We  aim  to  give 
more  publicity  to    the    aims   and   principles  of 
organized  labor. 

Ogdensburg. — Wra.  H.  Lymbum: 
All  industries  are  pretty  well  organized.  No 
workers  here  have  any  trouble  in  getting  steady 
work.  Hours  have  been  reduced  from  ten  to  nine 
without  reduction  in  wages  and  without  trouble. 
Carpenters  and  painters  have  more  Mrork  than  they 
can  do.  Both  trades  receive  the  best  of  wages. 
Millers  are  organizing.  We  patronize  all  union 
labels. 
Plailsbutg.^.  C.  Malampy: 
Industrial  conditions  here  are  very  satisfactory 
and  are  the  result  of  organized  efiFort.  Our  work 
is  the  one  topic  of  discussion  in  the  local  papers 
here  The  merchants  at  first  ignored  the  unions 
then  feared  them,  but  today  arc  co-operating  with 
us  in  most  instances.  Practically  all  trades  here 
are  organized.  Every  worker  is  boosting  the 
union  labels. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Raleigh  —J.  T.  Miller: 

Nearly  all  the  unionized  trades  are  working 
steadily.  Organized  labor  in  good  shape,  and  far 
ahead  of  the  unorganized.  There  is  some  im 
provement  in  the  wages  of  the  carpenters,  owing 
to  the  late  strike.  The  union  labels  are  constantly 
urge<i  by  all  union  men.  Barbers  and  street  rail- 
way employes  are  about  to  organize..      ^-^  ^-^  ^  ■  ^ 

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696 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Salisbury.^h.  W.  Hess: 

Work  is  plentif al  and  conditions  fair,  but  wages 
are  low  in  some  trades,  while  very  good  in  others. 
No  changes  in  hoars  or  wages  since  last  report. 
Brickmasons  have  organized.  A  great  deal  of  work 
is  done  for  the  anion  labels. 

NORTH  DAKOTA. 

Grand  for kes,—V^ttT  Morgan: 

Several  trades  are  about  to  organize.  I  am 
working  in  connection  with  organizing  committees 
of  different  anio;is.  Trade  conditions  good  for 
organized  workers. 

orao. 

AshMula,^Ja8,  P.  Alicoate: 

Relations  between  the  employers  and  the  em- 
ployes in  this  city  are  very  harmonious.  Agree- 
ments made  this  spring  are  being  lived  up  to  by 
both  parties.  Organized  labor  in  prpsperous  condi- 
tion. The  unorganized  workers  are  few  and 
scattered.  Bmployment  is  steady.  Organized 
labor  will  support  candidates  in  the  muncipal  elec- 
tion and  will  try  to  send  a  fair  representative  to 
Congress.  There  is  good  demand  for  the  union 
labeb.    Several  new  unions  are  organizing. 

Bamhill.—Tred  Helle: 

Labor  conditions  are  steadily  improving  through 
the  efforts  of  organized  men.  All  unions  are 
steadily  increasing  membership.  With  the 
exception  of  miners  who  are  now  working  half 
time,  all  trades  are  steadily  employed.  Union 
men  are  demanding  union-made  goods. 

C7ev€land,^Michajt\  Goldsmith: 

Hotel  and  restaurant  employes  unionized  one  of 
the  largest  hotels  here  after  a  four  days*  strike. 
Machinists  and  shipbuilders  are  trying  to  efifect  an 
amicable  settlement  of  their  strike.  Industrial  con- 
ditions are  very  good  and  employment  is  steady. 

Coshodon.-'IS,.  P.  Miller: 

Men  in  building  trades,  factories,  and  mines 
have  steady  employment.  Industrial  conditions 
very  good.  We  will  hold  a  monster  Labor  Day 
celebration.  The  demand  for  the  union  labels  is 
very  encouraging. 

Fremont.— H.  A.  Smith: 

Bmployment  is  plentiful.  Garment  workers  won 
strike  of  three  months,  gaining  increased  wages. 
Union  labor  conditions  fair. 

MiddUtoitm, — Henrv  W.  Naegele: 

All  printers  are  working  eight  hours.  Carpen- 
ters are  working  nine  hour  day  at  30  cents  an  hour. 
Sheet  metal  workers  have  signed  scale  for  a  year 
same  as  last  year.  Trades  council  is  making  spec- 
ial efforts  to  close  all  stores  four  nights  of  the 
week,  also  Sundays.  Am  trying  to  get  several 
trades  organized. 

OKLAHOMA. 

Enid,—\.  W.  Hair: 

After  being  out  one  day  the  electrical  workers 
won  increase  in  wages.  Work  is  steady  in  all 
industries.  The  unorganized  workers  are  as  usual 
in  poor  shape.  There  is  a  strong  demand  for  the 
union  labels.  Two  new  unions  nave  been  organ- 
ized and  we  have  another  under  way. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Berwick— YL.  W.  Cope: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  increase  in  mem- 
bership. There  is  increasing  interest  manifest  in 
the  trade  union  principles.     Building  trades  which 


have  been  out  on  strike  since  April  are  steadily  win- 
ning their  way.  Good  demand  for  the  union  labels 
in  this  city. 

Boston.— J,  H.  Wesley: 

As  a  rule  oiganized  labor  secures  recognition, 
union  scale  of  wages,  and  good  conditions,  while 
the  unorganized  are  restless  and  are  lately  showing 
a  disposition  to  secure  improvement  in  their  con- 
dition by  joining  the  union  i:^ks.  Industrial  con- 
cerns in  this  city  supply  steady  employment  to  all 
the  workers.  Stationary  firemen  and'  engineers, 
also  cement  workers  and  silk  mill  employes  and 
weavers*  warpers  are  about  to  form  unions. 

Jermynx^S,  B.  Hills: 

All  trades  here  are  organized  with  the  exception 
of  glass  cutters  and  barbers,  of  which  there  are 
four  in  the  city.  The  eight  hour  dajr  has  been  se- 
cured without  strike.  Employment  is  steady.  The 
laboring  men  of  this  city  demand  union  label 
goods. 

Lebanon.— John  Milton  Keller: 

All  trades  in .  pretty  fair  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  No  recent  changes  in  wages 
or  working  conditions.  Scarf-(;hain  makers  have 
organized  and  plumbers  and  steamfitters  are  about 
to  form  union.  There  is  good  demand  for  the 
union  labels. 

PoUsville  — Tere  Brennan: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  is  very  good  and 
this  is  due  to  the  strong  o^anization  of  the  mine 
workers  in  this  vicinity.  Emplojrment  is  steady. 
Unorganized  labor  in  poor  condition.  Label  com- 
mittee is  actively  working  for  the  union  labels. 

Scranlon.^HATTy  O.  Almy: 

There  are  not  many  unorganized  workers  here 
and  those  few  are  waiting  organization.  Organised 
trades  generally  are  in  good  shape.  Carpenters 
were  locked  out  by  builders'  exchange,  but  at  this 
writing  have  practically  won.  Most  trades  have 
secured  better  conditions,  higher  wages,  and 
shorter  hours  without  strike  this  year.  Scrantonis 
starting  an  exchange  for  handling  the  farmers' 
products.  A  label  committee  is  husUing  the  work 
tor  the  union  labels.  An  employers*  liability  act 
was  passed  by  the  last  legislature.  Retail  clerks 
with  520  members  have  organized.  Carriage  work- 
ers and  building  laborer^  have  formed  unions. 
Retail  clerks  of  Taylor,  street  railway  emplo^res, 
and  retail  clerks  of  Dunmore  are  about  to  organize. 
Warren. — Chas.  Anderson: 

We  have  been  working  hard  to  boost  the  union 
labels  in  this  community.  Organized  labor  has 
come  to  be  recognized  as  an  important  factor  in 
this  city.  All  unions  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
good  industrial  conditions.  Have  several  trades 
under  way  and  expect  a  strong  organization  of 
leather  and  tannery  workers. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Charleston.— John  L.  Kiley: 

Unions  in  this  city  in  fair  condition  and  enjoj 
steady  emplojrment.  As  result  of  strike  the  typo- 
graphical union  has  gained  all  ita  demands. 
Charleston  is  now  considered  an  eight  hour  city. 
Machinists  are  on  strike  at  this  writing.  Blectrical 
workers  have  reorganized. 

Spartanburg.— Q.  B.  Brooks: 
A  recent  sUte  sUtute  shortened  tile  bomftr 
factory  employes  from  66  to  62  hoiiiM.BMli 

^        ^  Digitized  by  VjTjCwTc 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


697 


is  a  m%rked  difference  between  the  conditions  of 
organized  workers  who  work  eight  honr  day  at 
fair  wages  and  the  unorganized  who  work  \Oyi 
hoars  for  low  wages.  Work  is  plentiful.  Carpen- 
ters of  Greenville  and  Spartanburg'have  organized. 
Have  several  new  unions  under  way. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Brookings, — D.  A.  Condlln: 

Employment  is  fairly  steady  in  all  lines  of  in- 
dustry. We  do  all  we  can  to  promote  the  union 
labels.    Wages  fairly  satisfactory. 

TENNESSEE. 

Nashville. —h,  E.  Hill: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  Excellent  work  is  done  for 
the  union  labels  and  there  is  a  good  demand  for 
them.  Car  workers  have  organized  and  laundry 
workers  are  about  to  form  union. 

TEXAS. 
'  Austin, — ^Jos.  Amstead  and  W.  H.  Crow: 

Industrial  conditions  fair.  Street  laborers  who 
are  organized  and  working  for  city  recently  ad- 
vanced wages  from  |1.50  to  $1.75  and  eight  hour 
day.  This  affects  150  men.  Employment  is  steady. 
The  union  labels  are  well  patronized.  Flour  mill 
emi)loyes,  plumbers,  and  butchers  are  about  to  or- 
ganize. All  unionized  trades  work  eight  hour  day. 

Bridgeport,— 1.  C.  Phillips: 

Union  men  in  this  city  work  eight  and  nine  hour 
day,  while  the  unorganized  still  work  10  and  12 
hours  for  less  wages  than  the  union  men  receive. 
Employment  continues  steady.  All  organized 
trades  in  fairly  good  shape.  The  clerks  are  sup- 
ported by  the  central  body  of  this  citj  in  making 
a  distinction  between  fair  and  unfair  employers. 
Well  drillers  are  about  to  organize. 

Corpus  Ckristi,—B,  P.  Moore: 

Within  the  last  10  months  we  have  reduced 
hours  from  ten  to  eight  and  increased  wages  nearly 
50  per  cent.  There  are  only  two  non-union  con- 
tractors here  and  they  are  compelled  to  observe 
the  union  scale  and  hours,  in  order  to  keep  their 
men  from  joining  the  union.  There  are  not  many 
unorganized  workers  in  this  city.  Typographical 
union  was  organized  during  the  month.  A  federal 
union  is  about  to  organize.  We  are  also  organizing 
a  label  league. 

Denison, — F.  R.  Lawhon: 

Work  is  steady  and  plentiful.  The  union  men  in 
this  city  secure  fair  working  conditions.  Mainte- 
nance-of-way  employes  have  formed  union.  Textile 
workers  are  about  to  organize. 

Fort  Worth,— '^,  E.  Auldridgeand  C.  W.  Wood- 
man: 

Emplo3rment  fairly  steady  and  the  union  men 
get  the  best  of  the  jobs  here,  with  decidedly  better 
wages  and  hours  than  those  offered  to  the  unor- 
ganized crafts.  In  the  past  two  vears  all  demands 
have  been  granted  to  organized  workers  without 
strike,  or  any  trouble  to  speak  of.  We  get  from  68 
cents  to  |1  a  day  more  than  the  unorganized 
crafts.  Considerable  time  and  work  is  devoted  to 
the  interest  of  the  union  labels.  The  farmers' 
union  of  Texas  will  make  the  initiative  and  refer- 
endum an  important  measure  this  fall.  This  means 
■access.  Printers  of  Corpus  Christi  have  organ- 
i»d.  Printers  at  Laredo  and  Mineral  Wells  are 
^oot  to  organize. 


Houston,—].  H.  Harmon: 

Organized  labor  in  this  city  in  fine  condition. 
We  nave  33  local  unions  here  with  aggregate 
membership  of  5.000  members  in  good  standing, 
and  we  expect  to  greatly  increase  this  before  the 
end  of  this  year.  A  number  of  trades  have  secured 
advanced  wages  without  strike.  Am  working^  on 
several  crafts  which  I  hope  to  report  as  organized 
next  month,  hodcarriers,  laundry  workers,  and 
car  repairers  are  likely  to  get  in  line. 
Marshall. — Al.  Freeman: 

All  organized  labor  well  employed.  Very  few 
men  here  who  do  not  hold  card  in  some  trade 
union.  There  is  good  demand  for  skilled  labor. 
All  railway  employes  have  obtained  increased 
wages  without  strike.  Our  merchants  are  buying 
large  lines  of  union  label  goods.  Every  labor 
measure  introduced  in  the  legislature  by  our 
legislative  board  was  successful.  Musicians  have 
formed  union.  ^ 
Port  Arthur.—].  G.  Noyes: 
Organized  trades  working  under  fair  conditions, 
and  with  few  exceptions  have  union  shop  agree- 
ments. There  are  so  few  unorganized  workers  in 
this  vicinity  that  they  practically  share  all  the 
benefits  with  the  union  men,  without  contributing 
anything  toward  the  maintenance  of  these  condi- 
tions. The  legislature  during  the  past  session 
passed  several  labor  measures. 
Sherman,— n,  Mitchell: 

There  is  not  an  idle  union  man  who  wishes  em- 
ployment. Organized  labor  in  good  shape.  Weavers 
m  cotton  mills  secured  slight  increase  in  wages 
after  three  days*  strike.  Union  men  get  higjher 
wages  and  shorter  hours  than  the  unorganized 
workers.  The  farmers'  unions  send  delegates  to 
our  central  trades  council.  Textile  workers  have 
organized  with  a  membership  of  76  members  and 
g<^  prospects  for  a  large  increase  within  the 
next  month.  Retail  clerks  expect  to  organize. 
We  always  urge  the  patronage  of  the  union  labels. 
Waco. — John  R.  Spencer: 

Business  good  and  all  trades  are  pretty  steadily 
employed.  Granite  cutters  gainea  35  cents  a 
day  increase  after  two  weeks'  strike.  This  makes 
their  scale  |3.35  a  day.  All  organized  building 
trades  are  steadily  employed  at  better  wages  and 
shorter  hours  than  the  unorganized.  Increased 
interest  is  manifest  in  the  matters  of  trade  union- 
ism by  all  workers.  Horseshoers  have  formed 
union  and  painters  are  about  to  organize. 

VERMONT. 

White  River  Junction. — E.  D.  Biathrow: 
Employment  is  plentiful.  Every  man  at  work. 
Paper  mill  workers  obtained  15  cents  per  day 
increase.  Boston  and  Maine  Railroad  engine- 
house  men  secured  increase  in  pay  without  strike. 
About  two  hundred  Italians,  working  on  construc- 
tion work,  struck  against  abuses  and  were  dis- 
charged. Had  they  been  organized  the  story 
would  have  been  different.  Organizing  work 
here  is  comparatively  easy,  as  the  workmen  are 
thoroi^hly  awake  to  their  own  interests.  There 
is  an  increased  demand  for  the  union  labels. 
Teamsters  and  laundry  workers  of  Concord,  N.  H., 
bricklayers  and  masons,  and  central  body  at  St. 
Johnsbury  have  organized  lately.  Clerks  of  St. 
Johnsbury,  leather  workers  at  Concord,  N.  H., 
musicians  at  Lebanon,  N,  H.,  and    painters  at 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


698 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Windsor,  Vt.,  are  talking  of  organizing.  Car 
rworkers  of  Lyndonville,  Vt.,  have  been  organized 
ecently. 

VIRGINIA^ 

Cli/ton  Forge.^JsLS.  E.  Welch: 

Organized  labor  steadily  improving  conditions 
for  its  members,  but  the  unorganized  are  still  in 
poor  shape.  Work  is  steady  in  all  industries. 
Organized  labor  in  this  section  is  far  superior  to 
the  unorganized.  We  are  working  to  advance  the 
union  lathis. 

Norfolk.— Q,  H.  Perry: 

Industrial  conditions  very  encouraging  and  the 
organized  trades  have  by  far  the  best  of  it  in  this 
city.  Considerable  work  is  devoted  to  the  union 
labels.  Bakers  and  tobacco  workers  have  organ- 
ized. 

WASHINGTON. 

Seaitle.—^rsink  W.  Cotterill: 

There  are  number  of  crafts  here  which  should 
be  organized,  and  it  would  be  of  great  benefit  if 
some  of  the  international  unions  would  interest 
themselves  more  in  this  work.  Seattle  has  doubled 
in  population  during  the  pastiS  months;  now  has 
225,000.  Building  has  been  brisk.  Mechanics 
have  been  coming  in  daily,  and  it  is  very  gratify- 
ing to  find  them  with  union  cards.  Electricians 
secured  raise  of  50  cents  a  day  by  arrangement 
through  building  trades.  About  eighty  per  cent  of 


the  work  here  is  union,  excepting  unskilled  labor. 
Prospects  of  a  union  label  pure  food  exhibition 
being  held  here  in  the  latter  part  of  September. 
Two  label  leagues  are  boosting  the  union  labels. 
Two  new  building  ordinances  contain  protection 
to  life  and  limb  clauses.  An  injunction  was  issued 
against  the  iron  trades.  The  order  is  obeyed  by 
the  men,  but  they  are  steadily  gaining  ground. 
Marble  cutters  and  mosaic  workers  have  organized. 
Hot  house  gardeners  and  newspaper  mailers  are 
about  to  organize. 

WISCONSIN. 

/d'enos/ta.— John  R.  Noble: 

Organited  labor  in  good  shape.  Much  better 
conditions  exist  in  a  local  laundry  company  since 
the  organization  of  the  laundry  workers.  This 
company  now  uses  the  union  label  of  the  trade. 
Trades  and  Labor  Council  has  arranged  for  the 
largest  labor  celebration  ever  held  here  on  Labor 
Day.  There  is  increased  demand  for  the  union 
labels.  Hotel  and  restaurant  employes  have  or- 
ganized. Good  prospects  for  several  new  organi- 
zations. 

Racine,— K.  M.Walsh: 

Employment  is  fairly  steady.  Laundry  workers 
have  the  assurance  that  their  new  scale  averaging 
about  thirty  per  cent  increase  and  50  per  cent  to  the 
lower  grade  workers  will  be  signed  in  our  original 
label  laundry.  Racine  is  a  live  union  label  town. 
Metal  polishers  have  organized. 


DOMINION  NOTES. 


CANADA. 


//amiiton.—WtMeT  R.  Rollo: 

Organized  labor  in  healthy  condition  in  this 
vicinity.  All  trades  busy  and  employment  steady. 
Painters  gained  increase  from  30  to  35  cents  an 
hour  after  two  months'  strike.  Printing  pressmen 
secured  eight  hour  day  without  strike.  Unionized 
building  laborers  get  from  28 >^  cents  to  30  cents  an 
hour,  while  the  unorganized  get  from  20  to  25 
cents.  Trades  and*^  I^bor  Council  has  opened 
new  meeting  hall.  Hodcarriers  and  building 
laborers  have  organized.  Brickmakers  and  team 
drivers  are  about  to  organize.  Carpenters,  both 
the  amalgamated  association  and  the  brotherhood 
members  were  on  strike  at  the  new  terminal 
station  against  laborers  doing  part  of  their  work. 
One  of  the  union  members  was  arrested  for  picket- 
ing. The  union  man  arrested  claimed  he  was 
paid  by  his  union  to  inform  union  men — that  is, 
strangers  who  might  come  to  the  city  to  work  on 
the  job — that  there  was  a  strike  on  and  he  did  not 
interfere  with  non-union  men.  The  judge  dis- 
missed the  case,  claiming  the  union  had  perfect 
right  to  inform  union  men  that  a  strike  was  on. 

Moose/aw,  Saskatchewan,— 'Bd Stephenson: 

Building  material  here  is  unduly  controlled  by 
commercial  combines.  A  lumber  combine  has 
been  investigated  by  the  government.  Through 
these  interests  the  demand  is  decreased  and 
shortages  contrived  in  order  to  control  the  mar- 
ket. The  first  of  the  month  carpenters  and  brick- 
layers of  Regina  had  to  stop  work  because  of  lack 
of  material,  although  there  was  a  remarkable 
building  boom.  In  British  Columbia  loggers 
alleged  a  big  over-output  of  logs  and  sought  to 
secure  capital  to  prevent  the  market  from  being 
affected     Other  crafts  have  been  fully  employed 


since  last  report  without  disturbance.  Plumbers 
are  signing  agreements  with  employers.  Condi- 
tions of  organized  trades  are  so  much  better  than 
the  unorganized,  that  we  need  not  ar^ue  organiza- 
tion. Every  union  is  improving  in  its  protection 
of  craft  interests  and  steadily  gaining  new  mem- 
bers. Electrical  workers,  hodcarriers,  and  build- 
ing laborers  of  Regina  have  organized.  Electrical 
workers  of  Moosejaw  have  also  formed  union. 
Trades  councils  in  this  section  are  doing  good  work. 
J.  Kier  Hardy,  M.  P.,  leader  of  the  labor  party  of 
Great  Britain,  traversed  Canada  and  delivered 
addresses  in  a  number  of  cities. 

Si.  Catherines y  Ont.— James  Carty: 

Organized  trades  fairly  well  employed.  The 
unorganized  workers,  especially  in  the  building 
trades  have  no  show  whatever.  As  result  of  strike 
carpenters  secured  from  27)^  to  35  cents  an  boor. 
Masons  secured  five  cents  an  hour  advance  with- 
out strike.  Conditions  here  are  in  favor  of  organ- 
ized labor.  All  union  label  goods  finds  a  good 
demand. 

Woodstock,— h.  E.  Starr: 

In  comparing  the  condition  of  organized  labor 
with  the  unorganized  we  find  the  union  men  with 
much  superior  conditions.  Union  men  work  eight 
and  nine  hours,' while  the  non-unionists  work  ten. 
There  is  also  great  difference  in  wages. 

HAWAn  ISLAND. 
Honolulu — F.  J.  McLoughlin: 
So  far  there  are  only  a  few  trades  orffanixed  ia 
this  city,  bnt  those  that  have  organizra  are  Ib*- 

g roving  their  working  conditions.  Boilermdctfl 
ave  demanded  eight  hour  day.  Brnplojineat  li 
pretty  steady.  Machinists  may  organke  in  fltt MV 
future.  ^^^1^ 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


Ij^^^^k 

® 

OFFICIAL 

fw^ 

American  Federationist. 

OFFICIAL  MONTHLY  MAOAZIMB 

OKVOTBD    TO   THK    INTBBB8T8    AIVD    VOIOINO   THE    DB- 

MANDS  OF  THE  TRADE  UNIOIT  MOVEMENT. 

PUBLISHED  BY 

THE  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR, 

— AT— 

423-415  O  Street  N.  W.  Washlattoa,  D.  C. 

OorrMpondento  will  please  write  on  one  eldeof  the 
paper  only,  and  add  reel 

SAMtTBL  OOMPBB8,  Editor.  Washington,  D.  C. 
All  oommunlcatlons  relating  to  finances  and  saMcrip- 
Uons  should  be  addressed  to 

Fbank  Mobbison,  Secretary,  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  pabllsher  reserves  the  right  to  reject  or  revoke 
advertising  contracts  at  any  time. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  is  not  sponsor  for, 
nor  Interested  in,  any  souvenir  publication  of  any  kind* 

Entered  at  Washington,  D.  O.,  postofflce  as  second-class 
matter. 


SUBSCRIPTION: 


Stegleoopy, 


$1.00. 
10  Cents. 


executive  Coancii,  A.  P.  of  L. 

SAJCDEL  GOMPER8,  Preiildent. 
JAMBS  DUNCAN.  Klrst  Vice-President. 
JOHN  MITCUBLL,  Second  Vlc«-President. 
JAMBS  O'CONNELL,  Third  Vloe-Presldeni. 
MAX  MORRIS.  Fourth  Vice-President. 
DENIS  A.  HAYES,  Plfth  Vice-President. 
DANIEL  J.  KEBPB,  Sixth  Vice-President. 
WILLIAM  D.  HUBBR.  Seventh  Vice-President. 
JOSEPH  P.  VALENTINE,  Eighth  Vice-President. 
JOHN  B.LBNNON,  Treasurer. 
PRANK  MORRISON,  Secretory. 


We  Don't  Patronize. 

When  application  is  made  by  an  tnternatlooal  union 
to  the  American  PedAratlon  of  Labor  to  place  any  btisl- 
ntuflrm  upon  the  **We  DoQ*t  Patronize"  lUt  the  Inter- 
Dstloaal  is  required  to  make  a  full  stotement  of  its 
crlevance  against  such  company,  and  also  what  efforts 
EsTe  t>een  made  to  adjust  the  Hame. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  either  through 
oorrstpondence  or  by  duly  authorised  representatives 
•eeks  an  Interview  with  such  firm  for  th«  purpose  of 
ascertaining  the  company's  version  of  the  matter  In 
ooDtroversy. 

After  having  exhausted  In  this  way  every  effbrt  to 
amicably  adjust  the  matter,  the  application,  together 
with  a  fhll  history  of  the  entire  matter,  Is  submitted  to 
the  Executive  Council  of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  for  such  action  as  it  may  deem  advisable.  If 
approved,  the  firm's  name  appears  on  the  "We  Don't 
Patronise''  list  in  the  following  issue  of  the  Amebic  an 
Pidbbationist. 

Aq  International  union  Is  not  allowed  to  have  pub- 
lished the  names  of  more  than  three  firms  at  ansr  one 
Ume. 


Similar  course  is  followed  when  application  Is  made 
by  a  local  union  directly  afilllat«'d  wlib  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor.  Directly  affiliated  local  unions  are 
allowed  the  publication  of  but  one  firm  at  one  time. 

Union  woralngmeu  and  workiiigwomen  and  sympa- 
thizers with  labor  have  refuHcd  to  purchase  articles  pro- 
duced by  the  following  firms— Labor  papers  please  note 
changes  from  month  to  monih  und  copy: 

Food  and  Kindred  Products. 
Brsad. -McKlnney  Bread  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
CH^sn.— Carl  Upman,  of  New  York  City;  Kerbs,  Wer- 

theim  A  Scblffer.  of  New  York  City,  manufacturers 

of  the  Henry  Ge<iri{e  and  Tom  Moore  Cigars. 
F/onr  — Washburn-Crosby    Milling    Co.,   Mluneapolls, 

Minn.;    Valley  City  Milling  Co.,  Grand   Rapids, 

Mich. 
Orooerlea.— James  Butler,  New  York  City. 
Tobacco.— American    and  Continental  Tobacco   Com- 

panlcK. 
TTiUskey.— Finch  Distilling  Company,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

CLOTHING. 

CTotMos.— N.   Snellenberg    A    Co..    Philadelphia,    Pa.; 

Clotbiers'  Exchange.  Rochester,  N.  Y.;  B.  Kuppen* 

heimer  A  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 
CA>ras(s.— Chicago «  orset  iximpany,  manufacturers  Kabo 

and  La  Marguerite  Corsets. 
Gloves.— J.  H.  Cownle  Glove  Co.,  Des  Moines,  Iowa;  Cali- 
fornia Qiove  Co.,  Napa,  Cal. 
Hata.—J,  B.  Stetson  Company,  Philadelphia.  Pa.;  E.  M. 

Knox  Company.  Brooklyn.  N.  Y.;  Henry  H.  Roelof 

A  Co..  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
SbirtM  Bad  fo//ar#.— United  Shirt  and  Collar  Company,* 

Troy,  N.  Y.;  Van  Zandt,  Jacobs  A  Co.,  Troy,  N.  Y.; 

Clnett,  Peabody  A  Co.,  Troy.  N.Y.;  James  R.  Kaiser, 

New  York  City. 

Pbintino  and  Publications. 

Hookbiotfers.— Boorum  &  Pease  Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Prloeior— Hudson.  Kimberley  A  Co.,  printers,  of  Kansas 
City,  Mo.;  W.  B.  Coukey  A  Co..  publishers,  Ham- 
mond, Ind.;  Twines,  Loh  Angeles,  Cal.;  Philadelphia 
Inquirer,  Philadelphia  BuUetin. 

Pottery.  Glass,  Stonb,  and  Cbmbnt. 

Pottery  and  Bricir.— Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co.,  of 
Chicago,  III.;  Corning  Brick,  Tile  and  Terra  Cotta 
Company.  Corning,  N.  Y. 

Gvmeot.— Portland  Peninsular  Cement  Company,  Jack- 
son, Mich.;  Utlca  Hydraulic  Cement  and  Utloa 
Cement  Mfg.  Co.,  Utlca,  111. 

Machinbrt  and  Bctildino. 

General  Hardirare.— Landers,  Frary  A  Clark,  JEtna  Com- 
pany, New  BritHln,  Conn.;  Brown  A  Sharpe  Tool 
Company,  Providence,  R.  I.:  John  Russell  (^utlerv 
Company,  Tnrn.er'R  Falls.  Mass.:  Henry  Dlsston  A 
Co.,  Philadelpbla,  Pa.;  New  York  Knife  Company, 
Walden.  N.  Y. 

IroD  mnd  ATteel.— Illinois  Iron  and  Bolt  Company  of  Car- 
pentersviUe,  IW.x  Casey  A  Hedges.  Chattanooca, 
Tenn.;  Lincoln  Iron  Works  (F.  K.  Patch  Manufac- 
turing Company),  RnUand,  Vt.:  Erie  City  Iron 
Works,  Erie,  Pa.;  Singer  Sewing  Machine  Co.,  Elisa- 
beth, N.  J.;  PitUburg  Expanded  Metal  Co.,  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.;  American  Hoist  and  l»errick  Co.,  St. 
Paul,  Minn.;  Standard  Sewing  Machine  Company, 
Cleveland,  Ohio;  Manitowoc  Dry  Dock  Company, 
Manitowoc  Wis. 

stoves.— Wrought  Iron  Range  Co.,  Ht.  Loo  K  Mo.;  United 
States  Heater  Company,  Detroit,  Mich.;  Oorney 
Foundry  Company,  Toronto,  Out ;  Home  Stove 
Works,  Indianapolis,  Ind.;  Bucks  Stove  and  Range 
Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Wood  and  Fubnitubb. 


Bags.— Gulf  Bag  Company,  New  O 
Bemls  Brothers.  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Orleans.  La.,  branch 


Broome  mnd  Dusters.— The  Lee  Broom  and  Duster  Com- 
pany, of  Davenport,  Iowa;  M.  Goel tor's  Sons,  Clr- 
cleviUe,  Ohio;  Merkle- Wiley  Broom  Co.,  Paris,  HI. 


(690) 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


700 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Fibre  (Tara —Indurated  Fibre  Ware  Oompftoy,  Lock- 
port,  N.  Y. 

F^roitara.— A. merioaD  Billiard  Table  Company,  Cincin- 
nati. OhI  >;  O.  WIsner  Piano  Company,  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.;  Krell  Piano  Comp^Miy,  Cincinnati,  Ohio; 
Derby  Deek  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

Gold  Bftiteiw.— Hastings  and  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  J.  J. 
Keeley,  New  York  City;  P.  W.  Ranskolb,  Boston, 
Mass. 

£#Diii5er.~ Relnle  Bros.  &  Solomon,  Baltimore,  Md.;  St. 
Paul  and  Taooma  Lumber  Company,  Tacoma, 
Wash.;  Qray's  Harbor  Commercial  Oo.,Cosmopolls, 
Wa^h. 

£#eat/ier.— Lerch  Bros.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Paper.— Remington- Martin  Paper  Co.,  Norfolk,  N.  Y. 
( Raymond  Paper  Co.,  Raymondsvllle,  N.  Y.;  J.  L. 
Krust  Paper  Co.,  Norwood,  N.  Y.) 

Wall  Paper.— William  Bailey  A  Sons,  Cleveland,  Ohio; 
Potter  Wall  Paper  Co..  Hoboken,  N.  J. 

TKatc/ies.— Keystone  Watch  Case  Company,  of  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.;  Jos.  Fahy,  Brooklyn  Watch  Case  Com- 
pany, Sag  Harbor:  T.  Zarbrugg  Watch  Case  Com- 
pany, Riverside,  N.  J. 

Wire  C7oth.— Thos.  E.  Qleeson,  Bast  Newark.  N.  J.;  Llnd- 
say  Wire  Weaving  Co.,  CoUlngwood,  Ohio. 

MiSCKLLANBOUS.  *" 

Bill  Poseerf.— Bryan  A  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio.;  A.  Van 
Bnren  Co.,  and  New  York  BUI  Posting  Co.,  New 
York  City. 

Hotels.— Reddlngton  Hotel,  Wllkesbarre,  Pa. 

Aallwavs —Atchison,  Topeka,  and  Santa  Pe  Railroad; 
MLssoarl,  Kausasand  Texas  Railway  Company. 

7^l0grap2iy.— Western  Union  Telegraph  ^Company  and 
its  Messenger  Service. 

D.  M.  Pftrry,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

Jbomas  Taylor  A  Son,  Hudson,  Mass. 
.  W.  Post,  ManuflEbctnrer  of  Qrape  Nuts  and  Postum 
Cereal,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 


STATE  OP  EMPLOYMENT.  JULY,  1907. 
Compiled  by  the  Editor  of  the  American  Federationist. 

Of  the  1,501  unions  making  returns  for  July,  1907,  with 
an  aggregate   membership  of    107,000,  there  were  1.7 

Csr  cent  without  employment.  In  the  preceding  month 
,036  unions,  with  a  memk>ershlp  of  81,600,  reported  J2  of 
one  per  cent  unemployed. 


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Chart  showing  the  reported  peroentage  of  unem- 
ployed members  of  trade  unions  at  the  close  of  eaeh 
month,  oommenolng  January,  1906. 

The  heavy  line  Indicates  the  per  oent  for  1907;  the 
light  line  for  1906. 


sup. 


PINANCIAL  STATEMENT. 

The  following  Is  a  statement  of  the  receipts  and  ei. 
pensesfor  the  month  of  July,  1V07.  (The  months  ant 
abbreviaied  thus:  j,  f,  m,  a,  m,  etc.) 

1.  Balance  on  hand,  July  1, 19J7 — ......9U5,US  71 

Central  labor  onion,  Owensboro,  Ky,  tax.  a, 

m,  J ^  ISO 

Central  labor  union,  Porumouth,  Va,  tax, 

8,  o,  n.  d,  '06,  J,  f. —  8  01 

Central  labor  union,  Coffey  vllle,  Kans,  lax, 

d,  'Od.  J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J ^  i  S 

Central  trades  council,  Klttannlng,  Pa.  tax, 

j,  a,  s ...„ „.. —  2  SI 

Trades  and  labor  union,  St  Louis,  Mo,  tax, 

a,  s,  o.  n.  d,  »07,  J,  'OL •  00 

Canvassing  agenu  and  solicitors  86IS,  8 

weeks  tex  assess,  90o;  4  weeks  IT  a,  91.90...  ill 

Laborers  prot  1241U,  tax,  apr,  86c;  d  f,  85o. 1 70 

Newsboys  10911.  tax,  a,  m,  J, J.  a,  s -....  4  m 

Laborers  prot  11228,  Ux,  a,  m,  91.60;  d  f.  91.60  1 00 

Laborers  prot  9M9,  tax,  m,  J,  fti.9j:  d  f,  9i.X>...  6  » 

Planermen  prot  loSOS,  tax,  m.  J,  li;  <i  f.  92....  4  0» 

Federal  labor  8U0i,  tax,  m,  J,  9tf;  d  f,  9tf -..  U  00 

Federal  labor  10740,  tax,  m,  J.  98.96;  d  f,  98.96  7  10 

Federal  labor  11460.  tax,  June,  91.60;  d  r^9lii0  S  00 
Trades  and  labor  assem,  Pueblo,  lx>1o,  tax, 

J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J 6  00 

Federal  labor  11634,  tox,  may,  98.60;  d  f,  98.50  17  00 

Intl  union  of  steam  engineers,  tax,  a,  m. 175  00 

Telephone  operators  12147,   tax,  may»  926; 

d  r.  9i6 ^ »  00 

Intl  bro  of  electrical  workers,  tax,  may 166  00 

Intl  bro  of  maintenance  of  way  employes, 

tax,  a,  m 180  00 

Federal  labor  7481.  tax,  m,  J,  94.60:  d  f,  94.60...  9  00 

Federal  Ubor  8281,  tax.  June,  91.60;  d  f.  9L60  8  00 

Trades  as9em,  Bradford,  Pa,  tax,  m,  a,  m 2  80 

Trades   and    labor  assem,  Manihalltown, 

Iowa,  tax,  m.  a,  m ~...  2  60 

Horse-nail  makers  p  and  b6l70,  tax,  June, 

96.2>;  d  f,  96.26 12  SO 

Egg  Inspectors  union  8706,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  924.76; 

A  f,  924.76 -. 49  60 

Carbonated  water  workers  11846,  tax,  a,  m,  j, 

J,  91.41:  d  f,  91.40 2  80 

Machinists  helpers  12384,  tax,  June,  9160;  d  f, 

91.60 -.  8  21 

Gas  workers  12427,  tax,  June,  86c;  d  f,  86c 70 

Intl  bro  of  foundry  employes,  tax,  a,  m,  J. 

916;  sup,  98.10 .-  ..:. 18  10 

Federal  labor  11449,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s,  o,  97.60; 

d  f,  97  W;  sup,  91 19  00 

United  mine  workers  of  A  2380,  sup 1  07 

MachinistB  helpers  and  laborers  1206,  sup...  1  00 

Quarry  workers  Intl  union  of  N  A,  sup 6  21 

'     Millmens  prot  10297,  tax,  June,  92;  d  f,  92; 

snp,  91 «^  6  00 

2.  Federal  labor  11280,  sup 10  00 

Sugar  refinery  workers  12627,  sup 14  00 

Dairy  workers  12529,  sup 10  00 

Central  labor  oonocll,  Huntington,  W  Va, 

sup 6  00 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12580,  sup 10  00 

Porters  and  shoe  shiners  12448,  tax,  may,  90c; 

d  f,  »0c 1  iO 

Federal  labor  12515,  sup 1 00 

Federal  labor  12-501,  sup 2  00 

Bed  spring  makers  prot  12108,  tax,  June, 

98  75;  d  f.W.76;  sup.  fc 10  80 

Federal  labor  8621,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  92.60;  d  f, 

92.60;  sup.  91.50 «. 9  80 

Machinists  helpers  12864,  sup 1  00 

Pavers  and  ram  mermen  Intl  union  local  12, 


Agricultural  workers  11688,  tax,  o,  n,  d,  98; 

d  f,  98;  sup.  91.26 7  28 

Central  labor  union.  Jackson,  Miss,  sup 6  00 

Furnace  workers  12481,  sup 1  00 

Central  labor  union,.  A(>h vllle.  N  C,  tax,  m, 

a,  m « 2  80 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Decatur,  111,  tax, 

a,  m,  J , 2  60 

Grain  workers  11407,  Ux.  June, 91.60:  d  f.  91.60  8  00 

Gas  workers  10086.  tax,  may,  92.60;  d  C.  92.60..  6  00 

Bricklayers  UOiO,  tax.  a,  m.  91 80;  d  f.  91.80...  2  00 
Agricultural  prot  12036,  tax,  apr,  91.80;  df, 

91.80 8  00 

Trades  council.  Everett,  Wash.  tax.  m.  a,  m  2  80 
Trades  and  labor  council,  Hanoock,  Mich, 

tax,  a,  m.  J 2  80 

Pipe  caulkers  and   tappers  7848,  4  weeks 

assess,  I T  U 8  24 

Intl  union  of  slate  workers,  tax,  June 16  69 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


70t 


THE  OLD  REUABLE 


^miifi 


AbsolutebrPura 
HAS  MO  SUBSTITUTE 

8.  Central  Ubor  union,  Fremon^  Nebr,  tax,  m, 

a, m,  J. J.a |6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Pottsyllle,  Pa,  tax,  m, 

»,  m 2  60 

Central  labor  union.  Tiffin,  Oblo,  tax,  m,  a, 

m.  J,J,  a ^ 6  00 

Commercial  telegraphers  union  of  A,  tax, 

».  m.  J eo  00 

Federal  labor  11567,  tax,  a,  m,  J.  t8;  d  f,  $&, 6  00 

Federal  labor  M61,  tax.  apr,  12.60;  d  f,  $2.60. ...  6  00 

Federal  labor  9786,  lax,  a ,  m .  J .  $1 .05;  d  f,  f  1 .06         2  10 
Central  labor  council,   Montgomery,   Ala, 

tax,  dec,  '06,  to  and  Incl  nov 10  00 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12849,  tax, 

June,  tl.l6;  d  f.  $1.15 2  80 

Bottlers  prot  8484,  tax,  a,  m,  J ,  $8.46;  d  f,  $6.46; 

sup,  $1 18  90 

Horse>nall  makers  10938,  tax,  Jane,  $8.80;  d  f, 

$8.80 6  60 

Stenographers,  typewriters,    bookkeepers, 

and  assUtanta  11507,  tax,  m,  J,  $2.70;  d  f, 

$a.70 .*  6  40 

Oarrtage  and  wagon  workers  Intl  union,  sup         2  40 
MacbiniRts  helpers  and  laborers  12i88,  tax, 

June,  r2.80;d  f,  r2.80;  sup,  60o 6  10 

Cheese  makers  12616,  tax,  July,  $2;  df,$2; 

sup,  $2.25 6  26 

Badge,  banner,  and  regalia  makers  12249, 

tax,  J.  a,  $1.10;  d  f,  $1.10;  sup,  76c 2  96 

Federal  labor  7479,  tax,  June,  $2;  d  f,  $2;  sup, 

60c •. 4  60 

6.  Central  labor  union,  Springfield,  Mass,  tax, 

d,'C6.  J,  f :  2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Du  Quoin,  111,  tax,  J,  a, 

s,  o,  n,  d 5  OO 

Trades  and  labor  council,  l^ansing,  Mich, 

tax,  a,  m.  J 2  60 

Central  labor  union.  Concord,  N  H,  tax,  m, 

_a,  m.  J.  J,  a 6  00 

United  bro  of  carpenters  and  Joiners  of  A, 

tax,  may 992  60 

Federal  labor  12487,  tax,  may,  $1.60:  d  f,  $1.60         8  00 

Federal  labor  12F01,  tax,  June.  76o:  d  f,  76c 1  60 

Federal  labor  8806,  tax,  July.  $2:  d  f,  $2 4  00 

Federal  labor  13424.  tax,  June.  $1.20;  d  f,  $1.20  2  40 


Liberal  Offer 

to  Kidney 

Sufferers. 


If  you  suffer  from  unpleasant  de- 
sire to  urinate  frequently,  especially 
at  night;  pain  in  the  small  of  the 
back;  pain  in  making  water;  a  sedi- 
ment at  the  bottom  of  urine  which 
has  stood  twenty-four  hours;  urine 
that  stains  linen;  or  constipation  of 
the  bowels,  send  your  name  and  ad- 
dress to  Dr.  David  Kennedy's  Sons, 
Rondout,  N.  Y.,  and  a  sample  bottle 
of  Dr.  David  Kennedy's  Favorite 
Remedy,  the  great  Kidney  and  Liver 
Medicine,  will  be  mailed  free^  to- 
gether with  full  directions  for  its  use 
and  a  complete  medical  treatise  on 
the  causes,  symptoms  and  treatment 
of     all    Kidney    and    Liver    ailments. 


Federal  labor  10279,  tax,  June,  $2.46;  d  f,  $2.46  $4  90 

Federal  labor  10961.  tax,  m,  J,  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.60..  8  00 

Firemens  asso  12270,  tax.  June,  $5;  d  f,  $5 10  00 

Budge  and    lodge  paraphernalia    makers 

9186,  tax,  June,  60c;  d  f.  60c 1  00 

Machinists  helpers  128o7,  tax,  July,  $1;  d  f.  $1  2  00 
Machinists  helpers  12880,  tax,  June,  $8  80;  d  f, 

$3J0 6  60 

Sewer  cleaners  aod  repairers  10H86,  tax,  m,  J, 

$10;  d  f,  $10 20  00 

Wood,  wire,  and  metal  lathers  intl  union, 

tax.July 20  00 

U  8  express  co,city,  refund  on  supplies 11  42 

Central  labor  union,  Madison,  Me.  tax,  f,m,a  2  60 

Federal  iabor  11828,  tax,  may,  $1.10;  d  f,  $1.10  2  20 
Stenographers  asso  1238 J,   tax,  July,    86c: 

d  f,  d5c 70 

Gypsum  miners  12486,  tax,  June,  $2.60; d  f, 

fcteO .' 6  00 

Pipe  caulkers  and  repairers  11466»  tax,  June, 

$8.80;  d  f,  $8.80 7  60 

Assorters  and  packers  8816,  sup 6  00 

Federal  labor  12S2i,  sup 2  96 

Federation  of  labor,  Johnson  oo.  Ark,  sup..  10  00 
Central  trades  council,  Little  Hock,  Ark, 

tax,  f.  m,  a.  m.  J,  J 6  00 

Federal  labor  84*^6,  tax,  bal  apr,  bal  may, 

bal  June.  75c;  d  f,  75c 1  60 

House  raisers  and  movers  12814,  tax,  July, 

75c;  df,  76c 1  60 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  122?i,  tax, 

June, $1.70;  d  f,$1.7i 8  40 

Amal    society    of  carpenters  and  Joiners, 

tax,  a.  m.  J 90  00 

Federal  labor  9079,  sup 2  25 

Mineral  water  bottlers  11817,  sup 16  00 

Federal  labor  12885.  tax.  may.  $1.85;  d  f.  $1.86  8  70 

Federal  labor  9378.  tax.  m,  J  $2;  d  f.  $2 4  00 

Columbus  federation  of  labor,  Columbus, 

Ohio,  tax,  f,  m.  a 2  60 

Etailroad  laborers  12620.  tax,  July,  $5;  d  f,  $5  10  00 
Agricultural  laborers  11706,  tax.  a,  m,  J,  $1.80; 

d  f,  $1  9D 8  60 

Intl  bro  of  woodsmen  and  sawmill  workers, 

tax,  a,  m 11  00 

Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


702 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


SAMUEL  SWAN.  PresU  W.  D.  LENT,  Vice-Prcst. 

CHAS.  F.  TOWNEI,  Scc»v  and  Trcas. 


THE 


David  B*  Crockett  Compafly 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

riNC  VARNISH  speciALTies 

WE  are  the  origi- 
nal and  only 
makers  in  the  world 
of  Genuine  Spar 
Composition,  and 
Nos.  1  and  2  Pre- 
servative. These 
toods  we  have 
manufactured  al- 
most thirty  years, 
by  a  process  e^cclu- 

siT  cly  our  own,  and  after  a  formula  which  is  an  absolute 
secret  known  only  to  this  company.  As  a  result  we  have  the 
best  materials  ever  used  as  Varnishes.  We  warrant  and  will 
defend  them  against  all  comers. 

or  LATE  YEARS.  HOWEVER, 

others  have  uken  advantage  of  the  popularity  of  our  goods 
to  bring  out  numerous  imitations  which  are  offered  under 
the  same  or  similar  names. 

Afid  mU  Mweh  as  they  «i«  aot  In  tk«  mb«  cImmb  with  our  Gen- 
uine Spar  Composition  and  Nos.  1  and  2  Preservative  In  any 
respect— and  In  all  probability  will  crack,  soften,  discolor, 
stick,  peel,  or  otherwise  ruin  interior  or  exterior  finish. 

Please  send  to  us  freely  for  copies  of  our  Architectural 
Hand-Book,  Sample  Boards,  or  samples  of  our  goods. 

if  local  dealers  can  not  supply  you,  send  direct  to— 

THE  DAVID   B.  CROCKETT  COMPANY. 
Bridgeport,  Conn.,  U.  8.  A. 

8.  Metal  polishers,  baflbn.  platers  and  brass 

workers,  tax,  Jane -.      KO  00 

Inil  asso  of  steam  and  hot  water  fitters  and 

helpers  of  A.  tax,  m.J 56  00 

Central  labor  union.  New  Orleans,  ^a,  tax, 

J,  a,  8,  o,  n,  d,  *06.  J,  f.  m 7  60 

Central  labor  union,  Salisbury,  N  C,  tax,  a, 

mj 2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Erie,  Pa,  Ux,  m,  a,  m, 

J,J,  a 6  00 

Federal  labor  7381.  tax,  m,  J,  $4:  d  f,  $4 8  00 

Federal  labor  8000,  tax.  Jul v,  S3.75;  d  f,  88.76...  7  60 

Federal  Ubor  11818.  tax.  J,  J.  16;  d  ^  $5 10  00 

Federal  labor  7204,  tax.  June,  60c;  d  f  60c 1  20 

Federal  labor  11866,  tax,  July.  $1.50;  d  f,$1.50  8  00 
Oas  workers  9915,  tax.  a,  m,  J.  82.70;  d  f.  82.70  5  40 

Egg  Inspectors  11254.  tax,  June,  $15;  d  f.  815...  80  00 
U«>pemen  helpers,  surfkcemen  and  federal 

1Z8W.  tax, June.  8l.5i;d  r. 81.60 9  Od 

Punch  press  operators  12878,  tax,  June,  $1.2.'>; 

df,  81.25 2  60 

Assorters  and  packers  8816,  tax,  July,  86.60; 

df,  86.50 11  00 

Uat  dyers  and  helpers  12215,  tax,  June,  81.90; 

d  f,  81.90 8  80 

Newsboys  prot  10414.  tax,  June 40 

Newsboys  prot  iOIU.  tax.  July.  81;  d  f,  $1. 9  00 

Bottle,  cap,  cork  and  stopper  workers  10875, 

tax.  June.  810;  d  f.  810 20  00 

§|g  inspectors  9280,  sup 1  00 

achinisU  helpers  12482,  Ux,  June,  81.40; 

df.  81.40.  sup.  60c 8  80 

MaonlnlstH  helpers  124)6,  sup 1  00 

Federal  labor  11428,  tax,  June,  81.80  d  f,$lJO. 

sup.  25c 2  86 

Oas  workers  12869,  tax,  m.  J.  83  90;  d  1 98.90, 

sup.  81 8  80 

Intlassoof  machinists  15,  sup 1  80 

Curb  setters  12372,  tax,  f,  m.  a,  m.  82.40;  d  f, 

82.40.  sup.  64c 5  44 

L  J  Clayton.  Bufaula,  Ala,  sup 1  00 

9.  Mechanics  helpers  12415,  tax,  m,  J,  88.10;  d  f, 

•8.10 .r. ! !... :  6  20 

Central  labor  union.  Boston,  Mass,  tax,  m, 

»07,  to  and  Incl  feb,  W 10  00 

Trades  and  labor  oouneil.  Port  Huron,  Mich, 

tax,  m,  a,  m 2  60 


HEAT  PROSTRATION 

Get  patient  in  the  shade.  Put  Ice 
on  the  head  and  spine.  Give  small 
doses  of  WHISKEY.  Call  a  Doctor. 


Whiskey  is  less  heating  than  Beer. 
Try  an 

OLD  CHARTER 

H   I  G  H  -  B  A  L  L 

and  prove  it. 


WRIGHT  &  TAYLOR 

Distillers 

Louisville    -    -    Kentucky 


9.  Industrial  connoil  of  Topeka,  Kane,  tax,  m, 
a.m,j,J,a 


Federal  hioor  1^48,  Ux,  July,  $1.10;  d  f,  fl.lO 
Central  labor  union,  lola,  Kans,  tax.  J,  r,  m, 
a,m.J. 


10. 


Steel  and  copper  plate  cleaners  881« ,  tax, 

June,  66c;  d  f,  66c 

Furnace  workers  12481,  tax.  June,  t2.M);  d  f, 

12.90 

Fur  hat  feeders  and  weighers  12200.  tax, 

June,  $8.76;  d  f,  $8.76 

Horse-nail  makers 7180,  tax.  July,  $1.80;  d  f, 

$4.8J 

Printers    roller    makers  U638,    tax,   July, 

$1  25;  d  f.  $1.25 

loemens  9990,  tax.  m.  J,  $2.60;  d  f.  t2.f» 

Stable  employes  i22i82,  tax.  June,  7dc;  d  f,  7dc 
Rock  drillers  and  tool  sharpeners  12  4itf,  tax, 

June, $8.60;  df.|8.5u 

Rubber  workers  12420.  tax,  Jun^',  $18;  d  f,  $18 

Track  layen»  and  repairers  12531.  sup 

Mo<*alc  workers  8145,  tax.  a.  m.  J,  $5;  d  f.  $3... 

Milkers  8861,  tax,  June,  $7.50;  d  U  $'-60 

Tuck  pointers  1(884.  tax.  June,  $8UIU;  d  f, 

$8.80;  sup,  $2.26 

Car  wheel  molders  11660,  tax,  J.J,  $>;  d  f.  $5; 

sup.  $1.60 

Federal  labor 8581,  tax.  June,  $1.20;  d  f.  $1.20; 

sup,  $1 

Municipal  ferry  employes  12504,  lax,  June, 

$1.85;  d  f.$l.85:  sup.  $2.50 

Federal  labor  12582.  sup  

Intl  union  of  elevator   constrncu»rs.  tax, 

June. 

Bakery    and   confectionery    workers   Intl 

unlun  of  A,  tax,  a,  m,  J 

Bro  of  painters,  decorators,  and  paperhang- 

ersof  A,  tax,June.. 

Central  labor  union.  White  River  Junction, 

Vt,  tax,  a,  m.  J «. 

Federal  labor  8116.  tax,  J.J,  $2.50;  d  f,  $2.50 

Federal  labor  7241,  tax,  July.  85c;  d  f.  860. 

Federal  labor  12264,  tax,  m.  J.  $11;  d  f.  $11. 

Federal  labor  12879,  tax,  may.  40o;  d  f,  40o 

Federal  labor  12271,  tax,  d,  'OiB,  J,  f.  m,a,  m,  J, 

$8-20;  d  f.$8.20 .........T: ...T! 

Federal  labor  8.02,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  $lib;  d  i;$l-6b 


$5  00 

tn 

500 

no 

580 

7(0 

»«0 

360 
500 
110 

700 
SI  00 
10  00 
10  00 
15  00 

885 

11(0 

810 

6» 
10  00 

1154 

17121 

810  01 

2W 

AfO 

1  70 

53'0 

80 

10  40 
810 

Digitized  t?y  V^OOQlC 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


703 


M 

cC  R  E  E  R  Y 

A  N 

D 

COMPANY 

D  R 

Y    GOODS 

Wood  Street  at  Sixth  Avenue 

^ 

Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

10.  Federal  labor  8806,  tax,  July,  $6:  d  f,  $5. $10  00 

Fibre  pressmens  9381,  tax,  Jniy,  $1.86.  d  f, 

$L85.... 8  70 

Icemens  prot  10176,  tax.  Jane,  85o;  d  f,  86o 70 

AUBkan  ■almon  packers  12000,  tax,  m,  a,  m, 

J,  $1.50;  d  f.$1.60 8  00 

Federal  labor  11960,  sup 2  00 

Federal  labor  8621,  sap 1  25 

Maohialst^  helpers  12470,  tax,  Jane,  90c;  d  f, 

90c;  8ap,$l 2  80 

Central  labor  anion,  Hazleton,  Pa,  sap 1  00 

11.  Ceoiral  labor  uniou,  Lebanon,  Pa,  tax,  J,  a,  s  2  60 
Central  labor  anion,  Northampton,  Mass, 

tax,  f;  m,  a 2  60 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Shreveport,  La, 

tax,  f,  m,  a « 2  60 

Central  labor  anion,  Woonsocket,  R  I,  tax, 

B,  o,  n,  d,  »06,  J.  f,  m,  a.  m 7  60 

Trades  and   labor  coancil,  Sault  de    8te 

Marie,  Mich,  tax,  a,  ra,  J.  J,  a,  s 6  00 

Natl  aaso  of  machine  prloters  and  color 

mixers,  tax,  J,  J,  a 6  99 

Central  labor  council,  Seattle,  Wash,  tax,  J, 

a.  8,  o.  n,  d 6  00 

Federal  labor  12061,  tax,  July,  $1;  d  f.  $1 2  00 

Federal  labor  8720.  tax,  June.  $1.35;  d  f,  $1.85..  2  70 

Federal  labor  9925.  tax.  may,  75c;  d  f,  76c 1  50 

Federal  labor  I'JO-'O,  tax,  may,  75c;  d  f.  76c....  1  RO 

Federal  labor  12471,  tax,  June.  $4;  d  f,  $4 8  00 

Drain  layern  and  helpers  12584,  sup 10  00 

Federal  labor  \ZVM.  tax,  may,  60c;  d  r,60c 1  00 

Watch   flnlsbent  asso  10454,   tox,  J,  J,  $2; 

d  f,  92 4  00 

Street  and  sewer  excavators  754$,  tax,  a,  m, 

1,  $2.40;  d  f.  $i.40 4  80 

Nail  mill  employes  9967. tax,  July,  $1.75;  df, 

$1.75 « 8  60 

Sewer  diggers 8662.  tax.  June,  $3:  d  f,  $8 6  00 

Demijohn  coverers  124918,  tax,  bal  June,  $1; 

d  f,$l 2  00" 

Hoepltalemployesasso  10725,  tax.  June,  $3.10; 

df,  $3.10 6  20 

Hai r  spinners  12^7.  ta  x .  J une,  $2.85;  d  f,  $2.85  5  70 
Base  ball  makers  10929,  tax,  June,  55c;  d  f, 

66c 1  10 

Porters  anion  11662,  tax.  m,  J,  t8;  d  f,$8 6  00 

United  house  shorers,  movers,  and  F^heath 

_piiers  7417,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  $81.26;  d  f,  $81.25 62  60 

Window  cleaners  12i>2u,  tax,  July,  P6c;d  f, 

85o;  sup,  74c 1  44 

Federal  labor  10807,   tax,  may,  $1;  d  f,  $1; 

sup.  25c 2  25 

Intl  ladles  garment  workers  union,   tax, 

m,  J,  $20.21:  sup,  $4.83 25  04 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12585,  sup 10  00 

City  employers  12826,  tax,  d.  *06,  J,  f.  m,  a,  m. 

tt.70;  dthlO 6  40 

Federal  labor  11006.  tax,  July,  $1.25:  d  f.  $1.25; 

sap,  60c 8  00 

ICaohinisti  helpers  9718,  tax,  June,  $6;  d  f, 

$6;  sup,  $1.26...:. ! 11  25 

Pederallabor  12495,  sup 8  00 

Pederal  tabor  12222,  sup 6  00 

Maobinista  helpers  125W.  sup 10  00 

12.  Laborers  12256,  tax,  June.  $3£):  d  t,  $8.60 7  00 

Laborera  prot  8856,  tax,  July,  76c;  d  f,  76c 1  60 


12.  Etallroad  helpers  and  laborern  12263,  tax, 

June,$l;df,$l 

Trades  and  labor  coancil,  Lansing,  Mich, 

tax,  J,  a,  s 2  60 

Sheep  shearers  12586.  sup 10  00 

-   -     ^ ---..«         30Q 


$2  00 
260 


Federal  laiior  11585,  tax,  mar,  $1.60:  d  f.  $1.50 
Railroad  helpers  and  laborers   ll988,  tax, 

July,  $2.80;  df.r2.80 

Paper  bag  workers  11757,  tax  July,  66c;  d  f , 

$& 

Artesian  well  drillers  and  levermens  10844, 

tax,  July,  $l;df,$l 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  11996,  tax,  a,  m.  J, 

$9.75;  d  f,  $9.75 

Tobacco  strippers  1.046,   tax,  a,  m,   $18.90; 

d  f,$l8.90 

Soft  beer  botllers  and   peddlers  8884,  tax, 

June,  75c;  d  f .  76c 

Qas  workers  12451,  tax,  July,  $7.10;  d  f.  $7.10... 
Federal   labor  lol85,  tax.  June,  $8 JO;  d  f. 

Federal'  labor  i  2866,'  'tax,  "j  *u'ne,*  '86c;"d"06o'.!*.!!! 

Federal  labor  8139.  tax,  June,  $8;  d  f,$S 

Central  labor  union.  Forest  City,  Fa,  tax, 

a,  m,  J « 

Central  labor  council,  Santa  Rosa,  Cal,  tax, 

d,  »06,J,f,  m.a.  m  

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Sioux  Fails,  S  D, 

tax,  a,  m,  J 

Central  labor  union,  Fltchburg,  Mass,  tax, 

r,  ra,  a,  m,J.J «. 

Music  engravers  11809,  tax,  June, $1.70;  df, 

$1.70 

Brentanos,  New  Yoik.  N  Y,  sup 

Federal  labor  12505.  tax,  June,  60c;  d  f,  60c; 

sap,  $2 

Decorators,  costumdrs,  and  badge  makers 

11655.  tax,  april,6Uo;  d  f,60c;  sup.  $3 

Federal  labor  7601,  sup 

18.  Central  labor  union,  Alpena,  Mich,  tax,  a, 

m.J -. 

Central  lat>or  union.  La  Porte,  Ind,  tax,  m, 

a,  m 

Newsboyn  and  bootblacks  8607,  tax,  a,  m,  J.. 
Coal  handlers  82.55.  tax,  m,  J,  J,  $2.10;  d  f,  «I.10 

Awnlngmakers  12238,  tax,  a,  m,  $4;  d  f,  $4 

Central  labor  union,  Mlliinocketi  Me,  tax, 

m,  a,m „ 

Federal  labor  12002,  tax,  June,  60c:  d  f,  6rc 

Federal  labor  9816.  tax,  July.  $2.05;  d  f,  $2.06.. 

Federal  labor  11008,  tax,  June,  85c;  d  f.  35c 

Telephone  operatore  11498,  tax,  July,  60c;  d  f, 

60c , 

Sewer  and  tunnel  workers 7819,  tax,  June,  $8; 

d  f,$8 : 

Hat  and  cap  leather  sweat  band  cuttera  11807, 

tax,Jnly,  $1.60;  d  f.  $1.60 

Suspender  workers  11294,  tax,  July,  $1.70;  d  f, 

$1.70 

Wax  and  plaster  model  makers  11488,  tax, 

July,  90c;  df,90o 

Spring  pocket  knife  makers  12229,  tax,  June, 

$6.2.5:  df.$6.25 

Intl  typographical  union,  tax,  June 222  17 

Laborera  prot  8C79,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  $28.56;  d  f , 

$28.55 47  10 


460 

130 

200 

19  60 

27  80 

160 
14  20 

660 
170 
600 

260 

600 

260 

500 

840 
27  00 

820 

400 

75 

260 

260 
800 
420 
8  00 

260 

100 

4  10 

70 

120 

16  00 

800 

840 

1  80 

12  50 


Digitized  by 


<^oogle 


704 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


INDEPENDENT  SALT  CO.  2^^^ 

BorotigK  of  BrboRlrn»  City  of  New  YorK 


549  to  559 

Smith  Street,  ttrooklyn 

Telephone  Call,  640  H4mUton 


WAREHOUSES: 


332  East  10  3d  Street 

Manhattan  Market 

Telephone  Call,  -1 1 36-'79tb  St 


18.  Federal  labor  12687,  sup $10  00 

.      Federal  labor  8785,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  $1.60;  d  f.  $1.60; 

sap,  60c. L 8  60 

Street  oleanlog  employes  12174,  tax,  Jane, 

$4.60;  d  f,  $4.60;  sup,  $2.60 11  60 

Soalemens  prot  11408,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  $8.00; 

d  f,  $3.6J;  sap.  10c 7  80 

Street,  sewer,  and  general  excavating  laboi^ 

ers  1 1608,  tox,  a,  m,  J,  $7.60;  d  f,  $7.60;  sup,  $2        17  00 
Hair  spinners  108»9,  tax,  July,  $1.60;  d  t^  $1.60; 

sap,  60c 8  60 

Federal  labor  8620,  Ux,  Jaly,$1.80;  d  f,$1.80; 

sup,  6O0 8  10 

Trades  assera,  Dallas,  Tex,  sup 60 

15.  Oil  and  gas  well  workers  12107,  tax,  June,  $5; 

d  f,$5.. 10  00 

Undertakers  V049,  tax,  a,  m,  J.  $7.60;  d  f,$7.60  15  00 
Laoe  menders  8151,  tox,  m,  J,  $2.60;  d  f,  $2  60..  5  00 

Scale  workers  prot  7d0i,  tUx,  June,  $0 J5;  d  f, 

$9.85 /. 19  70 

Granite workers9289.tox,July,$t.80;  d  f.$1.80  2  60 
Suspender  workers  8144,  tox,  J,  J.  $3;  d  f ,  $8...  6  00 

Ship  machinery  and  derrick  riggers  10315, 

tax.  July,  $2.70;  d  f.  $2.70 5  40 

Hospitol  employes  10768,  tax,  July,  8O0;  d  f, 

80c 1  60 

Hat  irimmers  1 1604,  (ax,  J  une,  $1.60:  d  f,  $1.60  8  20 
Stone  ware  workers  68S8,  tox,  July, $6.60;  d  f, 

$6.60 .7. ! 1100 

Porters  prot  12844,  tox,  June,  $2.70;  d  f.  $2.70...  5  40 

New  York  trans  00  employes  prot  11824,  tox, 

July,  $l.tt;  d  f.  $1  25.  ..^ 2  60 

Federal  labor  10910,  tox,  July.  $2.56;  d  f,  $2.55  6  10 
Comb  and  novelty  rabSer  workers  12074, 

tox,  a,  m,  $6;  d  f.  $6. 12  00 

Sail  and  tent  makers  12280,  tox«  June.  $1.20; 

d  f,  $1.20 2  40 

Federal  labor  12475.  tox,  June,  $1.85:  d  f.  $1.85         8  70 

Federal  labor  12817.  tox,  June,  $2;  d  f,  $2 4  00 

Federal  labor  12444,  tax,  Jane.  $11.65;  d  f, 

$11.65 ! !        28  80 

Federal  labor  9993.  tax,  July.  $5.10-  d  f,  $5.10..  10  20 
Federal  labor  11618.  tax,  July,  $1.05;  d  f,  $1.06  2  10 
Federal  labor  12416,  tox,  Jane.  $1.20:  d  f.  $1.20  2  40 
Federal  labor  6697.  tax.  aug,  $3.25;  d  f.  $8.85...  6  50 

Federal  labor  12105,  tax,  Jane.  $1;  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Federal  labor  12886,  tax,  July.  $1.60;  d  f,$1.60  8  00 
Trades  and  labor  coanoll,  Winona,  Minn, 

tox,  m,  a,  m - 2  60 

Central  labor  anion,  Southbrldge,  Mass. 

tox.  m,  a,  m 2  60 

Trades  and  labor  assem.  New  Athens,  III, 

tox,  a,  m,  J 2  60 

Labor  and  trades  assem.  Litchfield,  111,  tax, 

a,  m,1 2  50 

The  twin  territorial  fed  of  labor.  Oklahoma 

and  Indian  territories,  tax,  dec,  *06,  to  and 

Incl  may,  »07 15  03 

Oklahoma  stote  fed  of  labor,  sup 1  00 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12290.  tox, 

June.  75c;  d  f.  7.5c 1  60 

Locomotive  hostlers  and  helpsrs  11891,  tox, 

June.  $8.20;  d  f.$8.20 6  4o 

Clgarmakers  Intl  of  A.  tox,  apr 199  64 

IntI  bro  of  teamsters,  tax.  a,  m.  J €06  4; 

Intl  shingle- weavers  union  of  A,  tox,  m.  J...        28  lA 

Aroer  fed  of  musicians,  tox,  July 187  5 

Shirt  waist  and  laundry  workers  intl,  tox, 

m,a 88  26 

Navy    yard   clerks  and    draflsmans  asso 

12327.  tox.  June,  $6.60:  d  f,  $6.50;  sup,  60c 18  60 

Federal  labor  12226,  tax,  July,  $1.75;  d  f,$1.75; 

sup,  $2.85 6  85 

Interlocking,  switch,  and  signalmen  11786, 

tox,  June, $1.25;  d  f,  $4.25;  sup.  $1 12  60 

CofTee.  spice,  and  t>aklng  powder  workers 

9606.  sup 16  00 

Suspender  workers  12282,  sup 8  75 

Federal  labor  125)9.  unn 5  00 


15. 


16. 


Intl  bro  of  paper  makers,  sup  ..; 

Federal  labor  12688,  sup ^ 

Cemete^  employes  10684,  tox,  Jaiy,  $8.25; 

Railroad  helpers 'and'laborBra^  tax, 

June,  $1.60;  df,$1.60 

MBushinlsto  helpers  12864,  tax,  June,  $1.80; 

d  f,  $1.80 . 

Stove  pliers  and  helpers  12801,  tox,  Jane. 

$2.20;  <i  f,$2  20 

Womens  laborers  prot  11752,  tox,  Jane,  $4  40; 

d  f,  $4.40. .™ 

Stove  and  heading  workers  I25S8.  sup 

Central  labor  union.  St  Johni»bury,  Vt,  sap 
Federal  labor  12821,  tox,  June,  70c:  d  f,  TOc. 
Aluminum  workers  8261,  tox.  July,  $18.75; 

d  f.  $18.75 :...... 

Telephone  operators   10796,  tax,  July,  70c; 

df,70o 

NewsMiper  carriers  12C62,  tax,  June,  $2.70; 

Maciilne  moving  picture  operators  12Sf7n, 
tox.  June,  $1;  d  f.  $1 

Riggers  prot  10298,  tox.  June,  $2:  d  f.$2 „.. 

Gardeners  prot  12411.  tox.  m.  1.  $4;  d  f,  $4 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  120^9,  tox,  a,  s,  $10; 
df,$l0 ..!!!.,.....;. 

Machinists  helpers  12845,  tox,  June,  $2;  d  f,$2 


Newsbovs  10141.  tox.  July.» 

Jas  F  Bledsoe,  Marshfleld,  Oregon, 


101 

II 
x\ 
11 

41 

*l 
i«l 

n 

H 

61 

%{ 
4< 
9{ 

li 


sup... 


PRENTISS 
PATENT  VISES 


PRENTISS  VISE 
=^COMPANY 


NEW  YORK 

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L  Central  labor  council  of  Beaver  co.  New 

Brighton,  Pa,  tax,  j.  f.  m,  12^;  sap,  4Uc....  $2    0 
Ship  macbluery  ana  derrick  riggers  10815, 

•op 1  86 

Federal  labor  12440,  Uz,  June,$1.60;  d  r,$1.60; 

sap,  10c -..  8  10 

Federal  labor  125i5,8ap 8  00 

T.  Hat  block  makam  and  helpers  12009.  tax, 

June,  flSc;  d  f,  65c 1  80 

Central  labor  onion,  Plymoath,  Pa,  tax,  m, 

4,  m 2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Adajns,  Mast,  tax,  f,  m, 

a.  m,JJ 6  00 

Federal  labor  1249C,  Ux,  Jane,  tfSc;  d  f,  05c 1  90 

FMeral  labor  11058,  tax,  may,  $12.86;  d  f, 

112.85 ...*. 24  70 

Federal  labor  12480.  tax  July.  $IM;  d  r,  11.45  2  90 

Federal  labor  12412,  tax»  au^.  S3;  d  t^U 4  00 

Federal  labor  U801.  tax  Juur,  $:i2bi  d  f,  13.25  tf  80 

Federal  labor  11014,  tax.  ui  j,  il.j?^;  ti  f,  iiM  8  70 

Federal  labor  8700,  tax  June,  $lMi  li  f,  ll  A^y  2  10 

Federal  labor  11158,  taiJuJ>%  U2B,  dt,  14.25  8  60 

Federal  labor  12882.  taz.  juDe.  S5c:  d  f*  U6c...  70 
Porcelain  workers  1231'/ ,  u  ^  J  u  i i  e .  a cci  J  u  1  y , 

«  c;  d  f,  ^5c 1  80 

Horse-nail  workers  10682,  tax,  Jaly.fl;  d  f,$l  2  00 

Tobacco  strippers  10227,  tax,  Jane,  ^ d  f,  fS  6  00 
Soda  and  mlneml  water  kHittlers  10888,  tax, 

July, $1.76;  d  f.  $1.75;  sup,  60c 4  00 

Federal  labor  9638,  sup    1  00 

Saipender  workers  8. 44,  sup 18  00 

Tiades  council,  PlnckneyvlUe,  111,  tax,  m, 

a,  m.J, J.  a,  $5;  tup.  25c 5  25 

Highway  dept  employes  12540,  i» up 10  00 

18.  Laboren  prot  12158,  tax  July,  $1.20;  d  f,  $1.20  2  40 
Baggage  messengers  10167,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  $8; 

Tf,© 6  00 

HlKbway  laborers  prot  12824,  tax,  July,  $2.05; 

dC$a.05 4  10 

North  Carolina  state  federation  of  labor, 

tax,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s,  o 6  00 

Uboiers  prot  12485,  Ux,  June,  $1.85;  d  f,  $1.86  2  70 
Trades  and  labor  council,  Kond   du  Lac, 

Wis,  tax.  m,a,m 2  60 

Central  labor  anion.  Rich  Hill,  Mo,  tax,  a, 

m,j !...!  2  50 

loU  glove  workers  union  of  A.  tax,  July 4  80 

Ceramic,  mosaic,  and  encaustic  tile  layers 

and  helpers  Intl,  tax,  J.  J 21  87 

Elastic  goring  weaTers  amalgamated  asso, 

tax,  m.J  J  * 1  51 

United  gold  beaters  natl  union  of  A,  tax,  a, 

m,J ...:.... 7  60 

Federal  labor  7087,  tax,  June,  $6.85;  d  f,  $6.85  12  70 

Federal  labor  83M8,  tax.  July,  85o;  d  f.  8oc 1  70 

FMeral  labor  12012.  tax,  June.  $1.25;  d  f.  $1.25  2  50 

Federal  labor  8770,  tax,  July.  $1.70;  d  f,  $1.70..  8  40 

Federal  labor 94S5,  fax,  July,  $1.15;  d  f;  $1.15..  2  80 

Federal  labor  12*^22,  tax,  July.  $20;  d  f.  $20 40  00 

Clay  workers  12461,  tax,  June,  $1.60:  d  f,  $1.60  .  3  00 
Oraoite  polUhera,  qaarrymen,  and  laborers 

lOm,  tax,  June,  $2.25;  d  f;  $2.25 4  50 

Bootblacks  prot  11961.  tax,  J,  J,  r2;  d  f,  $2. 4  00 

Button  workers  prot  12404,  tax,  June,  $6.10; 

d  f;illO. ^J.. 12  20 

laborers  prot  12548,  sup 10  00 


18.  Water  workers  employes  12806,  tax,  Jane, 

$5.15;  d  f.  $6.15 $10  80 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Vicksburg,  Miss, 

sup 5  00 

^borers  prot  12641,  sup 5  00 

Chair  plaiters  prot  12642,  sup , 10  00 

Sieeleasemakers  11842,  tax,  may,  $5.05;  d  f, 

$5.05 10  10 

AsKorters  and  packers  8816,  sup —  5  00 

LAborers  prot  ^2142,  tax,  July,  $1.60; d  f,  $1.60; 

sup,  $2.10 6  10 

Union  goods  directory  for  G  N  Y.sup 1  60 

19.  Trades  and  lubor  council,  Muskegon,  Mich, 

tax,  m,  a,  m 2  50 

Central  labor  union,  Altoona,  Pa,  tax,  m,  a, 

„m,  J,  J.  a 5  00 

United  batters  of  N  A,  tax,  m,  a,  mj. 170  00 

Laborers  prot 9512,  tax,  tii.  J<  fi;  d  f.  |^,....     .  4  00 

Federal  labor  1 1990,  tax,  in  J  J .  |MJi5;  d  A  f  J  .06  2  10 

Federal  labor  12088,  tax ,  J ,  I  Ui  ti  r.  U 6  00 

Federal  labor  11862,  tax,  J.  J,  S^O-^;  d  f,  83.05,.,.  6  10 

Federal  labor  12i  8>',  tax  J  u  ih%  I  L?6;  d  f,  $1.75  8  50 

Federal  laborll567,  tax.  uj.  J,  II;  d  f,  ir. .  2  00 

Federal  labor  10486,  Ux  Ju  i  y .  tide;  il  r,  a5c i  80 

Federal  labor  11716,  tax ,  m  J ,  J.  f;j;  d  f,  fa 6  00 

Horse  nail  makers  p  and   b  tn%  Ux,  July, 

$6.25;  d  f.  $6.25 


Federal  labor  8281,  tax,  July,  $1.50;d  f,  $1.50... 
American  society  of  plate  "      


20. 


12  50 
800 


engravers  9008, 

lax,  July,  »6c;  d  f,  96c 1  90 

Cotton  yardmen!  9148,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  $8.15;  d  f, 

$8.16 6  80 

Federal  labor  12450.  tax,  J  ane,  $1 .45:  d  f,  $1.45  2  90 

Gas  workers  10678,  tax.  July.  $5;  d  f,  $6 10  00 

Tobacco  strippers  10422,  Ux.  July,  $3  65;  d  f, 

$8.65 7  80 

Newspaper  and  mail  dellTerers  9468,  Ux, 

may,  $45;  d  f,  $15 10  00 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  12004,  Ux,  m,  J, 

$8.66;  dT  $8.65 17  80 

Soda  and  mineral  water  bottlers  and  work- 
ers 8514,  Ux.  June,  $1;  d  f,  $1;  sup, $2.25 10  25 

Federal  labor  11046,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  $8.45,  d  f, 

$8.45;  sup,  $2  60 9  60 

Mineral  water  bottlers  11817,  sup 16  00 

Federal  labor  12526,  tax,  July,  $&90;  d  f,  $5.90; 

■up,  $4 15  «) 

Plumbers,  laborers,  and  sewer  pipe  layers 

9926,  Ux.  June.  76c;  d  f,  75c;  sup,$l 2  60 

Federal  labor  12541,  sup 10  00 

Horseshoe  nail  workers  $666,  Ux,  a.  m,J. 

$4.60;  d  f,  $1  50 9  00 

Labor  council.  Cadillac,  Mich,  tax,  J.J,  a 2  50 

Patternmaker^  league  of  N  A,  fax,  m.J 60  00 

Amal  wood  workers  iutl  union  of  A,  Ux, 

a.  m.J 115  00 

Federal  labor  11722,  tax.  June.  $4;  d  f.  $4 8  00 

Federal  labf»r  123115,  tax,  July.  $2;  d  f ,  $2 4  00 

Federal  labor  1 1 178.  U«x.  July,  $2.50;  d  f.  $2.60  5  00 

Bottle  sorters  and  handlers  11759.  tax,  J,  J, 

$1.80;  d  f,  $1.80     8  60 

Dock  bulldon«  I. '429.  tnx, June, $15;  d  f,  $15...        80  00 
Pole  raisers  and  electrical  asslstanU  12491, 

Ux.July.$8;ilf.$8 6  00 

Stonemasons  12176,    Ux.  June.  $1;  d  f,  $1; 

Digitized  by  ^OOQIC 


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FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


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THE 
/^/v/XfffQ    BAKING 
i/UUIi  3    POWDER 

Made  perfect  by  over  forty  years'  experience  in  its 
manufacture.  Guaranteed  under  Food  and  Drugs  Act 
of  June  30.  t906  Number  2141  appears  on  each 
package.  Try  it  and  be  convinced  of  its  superiority 
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MANUFACTURED  BY 

BA.NN£R  BAKING  POVTDER  CO. 
PITTSBURGt  PA, 

ao.  Federal  labor  12896,  tax.  aug,  $1.20;  d  f.  $1.20; 

■ap,  60c $2  00 

Federal  labor 8248.  tax,  a.  in,$8;  d  f,$3;tup,$l  7  00 

Machinists  helpers  12804,  sup 1  00 

Amal  as^o  ofstivetand  electric  railway  em- 
ployes of  A,  sup 44  40 

Labor  council,  Oa*  veston,  Texas,  sup ."  1  00 

32.  Ceotral  labor  union,  Waterloo,  Iowa,  tax, 

m.  J,J 2  50 

Federal  labor  12545,  sup „ 10  00 

Federated  trades  council,  Eureka.  Cal,  tax, 

bal.  a.  8,  o 2  00 

Central  federation  of  labor,  Oohoes,  N  Y, 

tax. a,  m.J 2  60 

central  trades  and  labor  assem,  Rpringfleld, 

Mo,  tax,  may,  to  and  Incl  Jan, '06 7  60 

Pavins  cutters  union  of  U  8  of  A  and  Canada, 

taxTm.  J W  W 

Bro  of  boilermakers.  iron  shipbuilders  of 

A,  tax,  a,  m,  J » 248  96 

Federal  labor  9925,  tax,  June,  73c;  d  f,  76o 1  50 

Trades  council,  Albion,  Mich,  tax,  a,  m.  J....  2  60 

Federal  labor  11164,  tox.July,  $1.V5:  d  f.  $1.25  2  60 

Federal  labor  12625,  tax.  July,  90c;  d  f.  90c 1  80 

Federal  labor  7067.  tax,  July.  $6  35:  d  f.  $6  85..  12  70 
Federal  labor  12S75,  tax,  June,  $o;  d  f,  $6; 

sup,  $2 12  00 

Bewer  inspectors  12881,  tax,  July,  $1.75;  d  f, 

$1.75 8  60 

MlUnnens  prot  10297,  tax, Julyj$2;  d  f, $2. 4  00 

Municipal  water  pipe  layers  12857,  tax,  June, 

$2.60;  d  f,  $2.60 5  00 

Tobacco  strippers  12480,  tax,  June,  $4.70;  d  f, 

$4.70 9  40 

Tin,  steel,  iron,  and  granite  ware  workers, 

10&48,  tax,  July.  $6.60:  d  f,  $6.60 ^ 18  00 

Cut  nail  workers  7029,  tax,  July,  $1.06,  d  f, 

.  $1.06 2  10 

Flat  Janitors  12861,  tax,  tune,  $1 .75;  d  f,  $1.75  8  60 
Marble  mosaic  workers  8809,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n, 

d.  $7.60;  d  £,  $7.50 15  00 

Telephone  operators  12402,  tax,  June,  95c;  d  f, 

95c I  90 

Soap,  soda,  and  candle  workers  10885,  tax, 

m,  J,  $6;  d  f,  $6 « 10  00 

Bev  J  FBbeaban,  Poughkeepsie.  N  Y.  sup  1  00 
Federal  labor  11269,  tax,  aug,  $2.60;  d  f,  $2.50; 

sup,^ 10  00 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Sioux  City,  Iowa, 

tax,  m.  a,  ra 2  60 

Labor  council,  Evanston,  111,  tax,  m,  a,  m, 

J,  J,  a 5  00 

tJnfted  trades  and  labor  council,  Pittsburg 

and  Vic,  Kans,  tax.  J.  a,  s 2  60 

Tin  plate  workers  inti  prot  asso  of  A,  sup....  1  25 

Federal  labor  12495,  sup 8  60 

Park  employes  prot  12044.  sup 4  00 

Wire  and  cable  workers  I2.il8,  sup 8  00 

Paving  cutters  union  of  U  S  of  A  and  Can- 
ada, sup 2  25 

Federal  labor  11811,  tax.  m,  J,  $3.85;  d  f,  $3.85; 

sup,  $2 8  70 

Bottle  sorters  and  handlers  11750.  sup 60 

John  W  Moore,  Cleveland.  Ohio,  sup 1  07 

Federal  labor  10651,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $10.60;  d  f, 

$10.60:  sop,  $1.60.  22  60 

Federal  labor  12889,  sup 5  00 

28.  Es^ex  trades  council,  Newark.  N  J,  tax,  a, 

^m.J  2  50 

Federal  labor  12417.  tax,  a,  m.  $4.60;  d  f,  $4.50  9  00 

Packers  prot  12547.  sup 10  00 

Railway  machinists  helpers  12548,  sup. 18  00 


IRON  AND  QLASS 

DOLLAR  SAVINGS  BANK 

OF       BIRMINQ  HAM 


Four  (4)  per  cent  Interest 
paid  on  SaYingfs  Accounts 

Two  (2)  per  cent  Interest 
paid  on  deckinsf  Accounts 


JUS  CARSON  STREET 

PITTSBURGH,    PENNSYLVANIA 


28.  Federal  labor  10639,  tax,  J,  J,  $4.90;  d  f,  84.90...  fO  80 
Journeymen  tailors  union  of  A,  tax,  a,  m, 

J,  J 892  76 

Natl  alliance  bill  posters  and  blllers  of  A, 

tax.  j,  a,  8 21  00 

Cooks  and  waiters  10968,  tax  July,  $10;  d  f, 

$10 20  00 

Bootblacks  prot  11028,  tax,.  July, $1.85;  d  f, 

$1.85 2  70 

City  firemen's    prot  asso  11481,  tax,  July, 

^- '  1.90. 


$14.00;  d  f,  $14.$ 
Hair  spinners  12868,  tax.  June,  40o;  d  f,  40c.... 
Oas  workers  9810,  tax.  July.  $14.75;  d  f,  $14.75 

Rev  A  Prancon,  PlattenviUe,  La,  sup 

Mosaic  workers  12510,  tax,  July,  $1.05;  d  f. 

$106;  sup,  28c 

Pipe  caulkers  and  tappers  7848,  tax,  m,  J,  $8; 

df.$8;  sup.  $1 ! ...:....: 

Lamplighters  12464,  tax,  June,  $16.80;  d  f, 
$16.&);  snp,$l.. 

Federal  labor  12546,  sup 

Federal  labor  9644.  tax,  July,  66c;  d  f,65c. 

Federal  labor  12278,  tax,  July,  75c;  d  f.  75c 

Clotb  examiners  and  spongers  11680,  tax, 
June.  $4.20;  d  f,  $4.20 

Sewer  and  tunnel  miners  10096,  tax,  J,  f,  m, 
a,  m,J.$15;  d  f,$15 

Flat  Janitors  12512,  tax,  bal  July,  $1.75;  d  f, 

Suspendermakers  9560,  sup *....*. .*.*.. ...... ... '..'.,..". 

Labor  trades  council,  Deni8on,Tex,  tax,  J,  f, 

m,  a,  m.  J 

Central  labor  union,  Danbury,  Conn,  tax, 

J,  J,  a,  8.  o,  n 

Federal  labor  8217.  tax,  July,  $2.60;  d  f,  $2.50... 

Federal  labor  6854.  tax,  June,  70c;  d  f.  70c 

Federal  labor  108^,  tax,  July,  $6.50;  d  f,  $6.50; 

sup,  50c 

Trades  assem.  Norwich,  N  Y.  tax,  a.  m,  J 

Horse  nail  makers  9666,  tax,  July,  $2.75;  d  f, 

$2.75 

Ball  stitchers  12071.  tax,  June,  $1.25;  d  f.  $1.25 
Bridge  tenders  12888,  tax,  July,  $3.60;  d  t  $8.60 
Tuck  pointers  10884.  Ux,  July,  $8.^5;  d  f,  $3.85 
badge,  banner,  and  rejgalia  makers  12249, 


29  80 

80 

29  50 

1  27 

288 

17  00 

86  00 
10  00 
1  80 
1  60 

840 

80  00 

8&0 
16  CO 

5  CO 

500 
500 
1  40 

18  60 
260 

560 
250 
700 

6  70 


Rlgge're'proV  12^549,' supr.ir.V.iil.'^ii^'e^ib^X^      O^C 


708 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


PARK  AVEME  HOTEL 

Park  (4th)  Ave.,  32d  and  33d  Sts. 
New  TorK  City 

THE  PARK  AVENUE  can  be  reached  for  one  fare  by  electric 
cars  from  all  railroad  stations,  ferries  and  steamship  piers. 
Within  easy  access  of  the  great  shopping  district,  theatres 
and  all  places  of  amusement  and  Interest. 

Tml9phonm  Smrvlem  In  Evmnf  Room 

SUBWAY  STATION  IN  FRONT  OF  HOTEL 
First-class  Accommodations  at  Moderate 
Prices.      Cuisine  and  Service  Unsurpassed.. 

REED  ft  BARNETT,      Pro]irietors 


24.  City  laboreiB  prot  12ffi0,  Ux,  July,  18.76;  d  f, 

18.76;  sup,  60c • 

LalK>rerB  prot  11002,  tax,  m,  j,  |1;  d  f,  H;  Kup. 

80c 

lAborers  prot  12264,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  $12.26;  d  f, 

$12  26;  sup,  $2 

Eiev  8  Fardek,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  sap 

26.  Central  labor  union.  Mobile,  Ala,  tax,  apr, 

»08,  to  and  Ind  mar,  '07 

Central  labor  union,  Jefferson    City,  Mo, 

tax,  r,  m,  a,  m,  J,  J ,......^. 

Trades  council,  Cblokasba,  Ind  T,  tax,  m, 

a,  m « 

Trader  and  laborassem,Alton,Ill.tax,a,m,J 
Central  ^abor  union.  New  London,  Conn, 

tox,  a.  m.  J 

Inll  wood  carvers  asso,  tax,  a.  m.  J 

Laborers  prot  9106,  tax,  may,  $6;  d  f,  $6 

Machinists  helpers  and  laborers  12286,  tax, 

July,  $8.00;  d  fr$8.eo .». 

Federal  labor  11900,  tax,  June,  $2.06;  d  f.$2.06 
Saw  fliers  and  setters  9814,  tax,  June,  $2;  d  f, 

$2 

Well  workers  12462,  Ux,  June, $2.60;  d  f.  $2.60 

Suspender  workers  10008,  sup ..^ 

Sewer  workers  12281.  tax,  June,  $1.26:  df,$1.26 
Sunr  workers  10619,  tax,  July,  $12.60;  d  f. 

Riggers  prot  I'lWLtaijun  f,  $6. ....  .•• 

Ioemensprotl22»,tax,JuneJ4.26;  d  f ,  $4.26 
PAotocraphlc  employes  12028,  tax,  m,  a,  m, 

$8  00:  d?  $8.60;  Bup.fl".;. 

Assorters  and  packers  8816,  sup 

Machinists  helpers  12364,  sup 

Federal  labor  0060,  sup 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  1280$,  tax, 

June,  $1.10:  d  f,  $1.10:  sup,  $6.40 

26.  Central  trades  council,  Cnlcopee,  Mass,  tax, 

a,  m,  J '. 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Marlssa,  111,  tax, 

a,  m,  J « 

Central  labor  union,  Vlneland,  N  J,  tax, 

aug,  '06,  to  and  Ind  July.  *07 

Laborers  prot  10216,  tax,  June,  60c;  d  f,  60c 

Federal  labor  9008.  tax,  m,  1,  $2.20:  d  f,  $2 JO... 
Federal  labor  12018,  tax,July,$l.bO;  d  f,$l.60.. 
Federal  labor  12816.  tax,  June,  $8.86:  d  f,  $8.86 
Federal  labor  9626.  tax,  July,  $2.60:  d  f,  $2.60... 
Federal  labor  12265,  tax,  June,  $1.40;  d  f,  $1.40 
United  neckwear cutter86089. tax, June,  $8.76; 

df,$8.76 

Moving  picture  operators  12877,  tax,  may,  $2; 

df,tf. 

Elevator  conductors  and  starters  11960,  tax, 

m,  J,  $10;  d  f,  $10 

Bed  spring  makers  prot  121U8,  tax,  July,  $3.76; 

d  f,  $8.76. - 

Oas  workers  11688,  tax,  June,  $1.10;  d  f,  $1.10.. 
Federal  labor  12102,  Ux,  July,  $11.60;  d  f. 

$11.60:  sup,  $1 

Frank  Manclne,  Holley,  N  J,  sup 

Federal  labor  10618,  tax,  f,  m,  a,  m,  J,  $3;  d  f; 

$3 

Trades  council,  Annlston,  Ala,  sup 

Central  labor  union,  Somerset,  Ky,  sup 

Amal  lace  curtain  operatives  of  A,  tax,  m.  J .. 

27.  Federal  labor  10286,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  $6i0;df.  $6.80 


$8  00 
200 

28  60 

I  60 

10  00 

600 

250 
260 

260 
28  66 

10  00 

720 
4  10 

400 
600 
16  00 
260 

26  00 
10  00 
860 

820 

600 

26 

200 

860 

260 

260 

10  00 
100 
440 
800 
670 
600 
280 

760 

400 

20  00 

760 
220 

24  00 
1  86 

600 
600 
600 
787 

II  00 


27.  Trades  and  labor  council,  Racine,  Wis,  tax, 

mar,  '07,  to  and  incl  feb,  '08 ^ HO  M 

Central  labor  union,  Delaware,  Ohio,  tax,  a, 

m,  J —        1 1 

Trades  and  labor  assem.  Burlington,  Iowa, 

tax,  a,  m,  J,  $2.60;  sup,  6c 2 1 

Central  labor  union,  Bingliamton,  N  Y,tax« 

m,  a.  m —        3  i 

Central  labor  union.  Traverse  City,  Mich,  _ 

tax,  J,f,  m !  SK 

Federation  of  trades,  Columbia,  S  C.  tax,  m. 

a,  m,  J.  J,  a h  < 

Ropemakers  and  helpers  12819,  tax.  July, 

$£86;  d  f,  $3  J6. 6  im 

Hotel  and  restaurant  employes  intl  alli- 
ance, etc,  tax,  June 110  4ft 

Intl  asso  of  car  workers,  tax,  Jnne.......^ 16  ( 

In  tl  union  of  shlpwrlghU,Jolners,  and  caulk- 
ers of  A,  tax,  m,  J — «..       17  1* 

Retail  clerks  intl  prot  asso,  tax,  o,  n,  d,  '0$..      7ID  m 

United  mine  workers  of  A,  tax.  m,  J S,Stt  26 

Federal  labor  12889,  Ux,  July, $8.06;  d  f,  $8.06  •  10 
Federal  labor  12068,  Ux,  m,  J,  $1.60;  d  f,  $U0; 

sup,  80c »..„ .        t  fli 

Needlemakers  11488.  Ux.  J une,  $1.60:  d  f,  $1.60        I  fli 

Lime  trimmers  118«liitax,  J,  J,  70o;  d  f,  70e 1  m 

Stoneware  potUrs  8802,  Ux,  m,  J,  08  40;  d  f, 

$8.40 f. 6  fli 

Rockmen  and  excavators  12488,  tax,  June, 

$12.60;  d  f.  $12.50 2i  00 

Union  label  league  of  Kansas  City  and  vie, 

.  Mo,  sup §• 

29.  Central  labor  union,  Brockton,  Mass,  Ux,  a, 

ni,J.Jia,s 5  0i 

Trades  and  Ubor  assem.  Chicago  Heights, 

111.  tax,  Jan.  to  and  incl  sept ~. 7  10 

Trades  council,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich,  tax,  a, 

m,J 2  ao 

Labor  council,  San  Pedro,  Cal,  Ux,  Jan,  to 

and  incl  dec 10  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  assem,  Syracuse, 

N  Y,  Ux,  m,  a.  m 2  SO 

Central  labor  unlon«  Clifton  Forge,  Va,  tax. 

m,  a,m,J,J,  a ^.. 5  00 

Federated  trades  council,  Montreal,  Canada, 

Ux,  n,  d,  '06,  J,  f.  m,  a 5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Wabash,  Ind,  Ux,  m, 

a,  m ~ «~.         1  50 

Laborers  prot  9568,  tax,  J  uly,  $4.60:  d  f,  $4 JO..  9  00 
Central  labor  union,  Newport  News,  Va, 

tax,  a,  m,  J — . 2  iO 

Journeymen  barbers  intl  union  of  A,  tax.  a, 

m.  J tOB  00 

Intl  bro  of  sUtlonary  firemen.  Ux,  may 60  00 

Federal  labor  8583.  tax.  J  une.  $2J0;  d  f.  tSJO..  6  00 

Federal  labor  11971,  tax,  m,  J,  $1;  d  f,  $1.... 2  00 

Federal  labor  11440,  tax,  June,  85c;  d  f.  85c 1 70 

Federal  labor  7187.  Ux,  m,  J,  $8;  d  f,  $8.... 16  00 

Federal  labor  12287,  tax,  m,  J.  $8.60;  d  f.  $8J0  7  » 
Federal  labor  8889,  Ux,  July,  $3.76:  d  t.UJh..  7  iO 
Telephone  operators  12468,  Ux,  JuJy,85o;  d  f, 

86c 70 

Hair  spinners  prot  12858,  Ux,  July,  $2.40;  d  f, 

$2.40........ ! !.......... 4  80 

Egg  candlers  12000.  Ux.  m,  J,  $4.80:  d  f,  $4.80..  8  00 
Welghmasters  12897,  tax,  July.  $1.60;  d  t,  $1.60  8  00 
Canvassing  agento  and  solicitors  86I8«  tax, 

m.  J,  $8;  d  f,  $3 «  00 

Horse  nail  makers  10660,  Ux,  a,  m,  $1  JO;  d  f, 

$1.60 S  00 

Bootblacks  prot  10176,  Ux,  June,  $2.90;  d  t 

$2  90 5  80 

Pile  drivers  9601.  Ux,  J,  J,  $U0:  d  f,$4.10. 8» 

Drain  layers  and  helpers  12584,  sup 3  50 

Egg  inspector*  11264.  Ux,  July,  $16;  d  f.$16; 

sup,  60c ~ 30  W 

Central  labor  union.  Paducah.  Ky,  snp..^...  50 

Twin-city  labor  congress,  Sterling  and  Rock 

Falls.  Ill.sup » 

Local  HI.  printing  pressmen  and  asst,  Joltet, 

Ill.sup 2» 

Federal  labor  11868,  sup 2  00 

80.  Central  labor  union,  Biddeford  and  Saoo, 

Me.  Ux.  m,  a.  m S  50 

Federal  labor  8786.;  une.  $1.60;  d  f.  $1.60 8  00 

Central  labor,  Indianapolis,  Ind,  tax,  a,  m,  J  3  60 
Trades  and  labor  council,  Chico,  Cal.  Ux, 

a,  m,  J I  li 

Central  trades  and  labor  council.  Ft  Smith, 

Ark,  Ux.  a.  m.  J 2  » 

Agricultural  workers  11688,  tax. J,  f.  $2;  d  f,  $2  4  00 
Laborers  prot  11649,  tax,  July, '06,  to  and  incl         ^_ 

apr.  '07,  $6;  d  f,  $6 « IJ  » 

Federal  labor  12800,Ux,J,J.$4.60ed  f.$4J0...  000 
Federal  labor  11846,  Ux,  m,  J,  $7166;  d  f,  $7J6        16 10 

Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


709 


Makes  Clothes  Whiler-Work  Easier- Kifchen  Cleaner. 

Snow  Boy  JolroS 

ar  your  Grocers. 

Valuable  Premiums  ^iven  For  box  fronts] iLlBnli^^^^^^^^^^^ 


30.  Federal  labor  124U,  tax.  July,  $2.25;  d  f,  $2.26 
Clear Ikotory  tobaooo  ■trfppera  8166,  uix,  J,  J. 

Si.16;  d  f,  166.16... 

Pipe  caalken  and  repairers  prot  11466,  tax, 

July,  $8.80:  d  1;|8J0 

Wastehandler88864,tax,a,  m,  J,  $1.60;  d  f, 

$1.60. 

Badffe  and  lodge  parapberaalla  iiiaker89186, 

taxjaly,46c;  d  f.  46c -.. 

Telepbone  operators  12262,  snp 

Federal  labor  7601,  tax,  m,  J,  $6;  d  f,  $6;  sup, 

$1 v- 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  12001.  snp 

Laborers  prot  11817,  tax,  sect  m,  acct  a,  acct 

m,$1.86;  d  f,  $1.86;  snp.  $1 

Union  protectors  dela  meyei  (womens  prot 

13661,)  sup „ 

Federal  labor  12552,  sup 

MacblnUt  helpers  12660.  snp. 

Central  labor  union,  Newport,  R  I,  tax, 

a,m,J 

Central  labor  council,  Palatka,  Fla,  tax, 

a,  m,  j 

Trades  aase|n,  Ft  Edward,  N  Y,  tax,  s,  o,  n 
Trades  and  labor  assem,  (^ulncy,  111,  tax. 


SI. 


.des  and  labor  council,  Monmouth,  III, 

tax,  no.  a,  m 

CentrsJlabor  union.  Terra  Haute.  Ind,  tax, 
m.. 


no,  a,  m ; 

Table  knife  grinders  natl,  tax,  m,  J,  J 

MaoblnUU  helpers  12884,  Ux,  July,  $1.76; 


$1  76. 


df. 


$4  60 

112  80 

760 

00 

90 
100 

11  00 
260 

470 

10  00 
10  00 
10  00 

260 

260 
260 

2  60 

260 

260 

468 


LocomotWe  hostlers  and  helpers  11944,  tax, 

m,  J.  J,  $6.26;  d  f.  $5.26 

Federal  labor  12609,  tax,  July. $5;  d  t,  $6 10  00 

Federal  labor  11185,  tax,  July,  $1;  d  f^$l 2  00 


860 
10  60 


Federal  labor  11687,  tax,  July.  $1.10;  k  f.  $1.10 
Oil  and  gas  well  workers  12010,  tax,  July, 

$2.90;  d  f  $2.90 

Suspender  workers  11261.  tax,  July,  40c;  d  f, 

40o 

Highway  de|>t  employes  12640.  sup.. 

I  helpen 
•8.65;  sup.  $1.60.... 


orers  prot  12266,  snt 
Machinists  helpera  1^^,  Ux,  July. $3.66;  d  f. 


Federal  laiwr  8818,  tax,  July,  $L20;  d  f,$1.20; 

sup,  $1 « 

Federal  labor  11426,  tax,  J,  J,  $2;  d  f,  $2;  sup, 

60c ^ 

Decorators,    oostumers  and  bad^emakem. 

11666.  Ux,  m,  J,  J.  $1.96;  d  f.  $1.96;  sap.  $6 

Trl-clty  trades  council,  Sheflleld,  Florence 

andTuscumbla,Ala,  sup 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Council   Bluflb, 

Iowa.  n\xp 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Appleton,  Wis, 


sup. 


220 

680 

80 
2(i0 
8  10 

880 

840 

4  60 

890 

10  60 

26 

60 


Local  81  umal  anso  of  street  railway  em- 
ployes of  A.  •up  

Small  supplies 

AdTertlsemenu  Am  Fkd 1,041  07 

Subscriptions  Am  Fed 64  50 

Premiums  on  bonds 146  76 


1  02 
1  84 


$129,091  86 


EXPENSES. 

2.  One  months  rent.  OeoO  Selbold.  i«ecy $176  00 

Strike  beneflu  for  two  weeks  end  may  22,  *07, 
federal  labor  union  7087,  John  Sieinhauer, 
treas « 80  00 


2.  Attorney  fees.  H.  Wlnshlp  Wheatley $3  OO 

Organising  expenses.  H  J  Carey,  $4.90;  L  D 
Blddle.  $5;  J.  L.  Rodler.  $16.72 25  62 

8.  Organizing  expeubes,  D  E  Munal,  $8;  RufUs 

M  RulB,$10.(SO 18  60 

6.  Strike  beneflta  for  week  ending  June  29,  *07, 
J  and  s  casemakers  10448,  Cbas  £  Kuser, 

treas jgi  qq 

Organizing  expenses,  H  M  Walker,  $100; 
Geo  E  Brady.  $^27.40;  Frank  H  McCarthy, 
$49  06;  Jas  T  Bailey,  $12.48 !       I88  96 

6.  Organising  ezpenseis  Joseph  A  Torrlllo,  $60; 
Frank  L.  Rist,  «t2:  E  D  Biathrow,  $7.60; 
Frank  J,  Pal  ver.  $89.20;  1  W  W  right,  $26.8u 
Frank  J.  Weber.  $6.85. lei  86 

8.  Expresfrage,  U  H  Express  co 57  gs 

Organizing  expenses,  Cal  Wyatt 100  00 

9.  Organizing  expanses.  W  B  Cook,  $82.76;  T 

F  Tracy,  $2iO;  J  A  Flett,  $100;  F  W  Bur- 
man.  $10;  J  D  Pierce.  $6u;  Stuart  Reld,  $10..       412  75 

10.  Premium  on  office  farnlture  and  fixtures. 

H  R  Howenstein  CO 10  60 

Strike  benefit  for  week  ending  June  16.  H)7, 
suspendermaken  9660,  Max  Altshuler, 
treas. „ I86  00 

Building  addition  to  booth  Jamestown  ex- 
position, D  M  Plummer 46  00 

FurnlKhlng  booth  Jamestown  exposition. 
W  M  Davis ...._ ;         64  oo 

Furnif^hlng  booth,  Jamestown  exposition, 
C  Damond n  50 

Organizing  exp^^nses,  Wm  T  Scarborough. 
$o;   S  E  Peete.  $10;  Bernard  Wem on,  feo; 

Chas  T  Bailey,  $50 115  qq 

11.  Organizing  expenses,  John  A  Flett,  $100; 
E  T  Klood,  $100;  Hugh  Frayne,  $100;  M 
Grant  Hamilton,  $100;  Jas  Leonard,  $100; 
Stuart  Reid.  $100;  Herman  Robinson,  $1(0; 
Jacob  Tazelaar,  $100;  Wm  E  Terry,  $100; 

Kitcbel's 
Lipimept 

For  Rheumatism, 

Sprains,  Bruises,  Aches 

and  Pains. 

It  is  one  of  the  best 

external  liniments  sold 

Tor  man  or  beast. 

It  relieves  pain  like 

magic. 

Sold  by  Druf(gists. 

h.  Be  Kitcbel 

CoMwater,  Hlch. 

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er,  men.  t 

v^oogle 


710 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


More  than  50  Yenrs  Ago 

HUNTER 
WHISKEY 


WAS  PUT  DPOW  THE  MAEKBT.  AND 
EVERY  YEAR  ADDS  TO  ITS  SPLENDID 
REPUTATION.  RIPENED  BY  AOB,  ITS 
MELLOWED  BZCBLLKNCB  REMAINS 
ABSOLUTELY  UNSURPASSED.  IT  18 
TO-DAY 

FIRST  OVER  THE  BARS 

Sold  at  all  first-class  cafes  and  by  jobbers. 
WM.  LANAHAN  &  SON,  Baltimore,  Ud. 


11.  Cal  WyRti,  11 00;  C  O  Young.  $100;  John 
Golden.  $<6;  W  O  Hahn.  $100 $1,286  00 

Expenses  Jamestown  exposition,  C  P  CX>n- 

noUy > »• 100  00 

lOOli-c  slanipM,  $2;  10  spl  del.  $1.  P  O  dept 8  00 

Printing  6,000  envelopes  (^.  $12.60;  20.000  en- 
velopes 09^,  $<0.80:  6.000  letter  beads  and 

6.000  2d  sheeis.  $31.60:  Law  Reporter  co 84  80 

Printing  due  stamps.  Law  Reporter  co 68  10 

Making  1  collar  and  tag  for  ledger.  60c;  1 
Moore's  letter  file.  26c:  2.000  sheeUparaflne 

rkper.  $1.60:  repairing  1  founUin  pen,  76o: 
quarts  mucilage.  $1.95;  K  pound  no  10 
k>and8  and  M  pound  Ela  nos  18  and  82  bands. 
$2.60;  gross  Spencerlan  pens,  $1.80;  6  no 
1004  scrap  books.  $5.40;  2  bottles  Hlgelns 
water>proof  Ink.  50o:  1 8  £  ledger,  l.OUO  pp 
spec.  $S;  1  mucilage  cup.  25c;  1  mucilage 

cup,  2ic;  Law  Reporter  co 28  85 

2  batteries.  A  O  Hutterly 1  00 

1  citizens  part  In  govt.  Cbas  Scrlbners  Sons  1  06 

2  rolls  tape.  The  Elliott  co 80 

Cleaning  and  flnlshlng  table.  W  M  Cleland  4  00 

Ice.  Columbia  Ice  co 2  60 

Cleaning  windows  and  doors.  L  L  Cahoon 

Window  Cleaning  CO    7  00 

20  bottles  water.  Great  Bear  Springs  co 8  00 

Clippings,  National  Press  Intelligence  co 10  00 

Cleaning  adding  machine  and  new  ribbon, 

E  S  Newman 6  00 

Translating,  Wilfrid  Rouleau 6  86 

Telegrams,  Teleipraph  co 6  46 

Telegrams.  Postal  Teleeraph  Cable  co 61  14 

Organizing  expenses,  I W  Wright,  118.90;  J  J 

Pitzpatrick.  $106:  H  D  Thomas.  $2.90 121  80 

12.  Expenses  as  delegate  to  British  Trade  Con- 

gress, WmE  Klapetzky 609  00 

Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  July  6. '07. 
J  and  s  casemakers  10448.  Chas  E  Kuser, 
treas 284  00 

Expenses  as  delegate  to  British  Trade  Con- 
gress, John  T  Dempsey    .        . 409  10 

Organizing  expenses,  T  H  Flynn 100  00 

18.  Expenses  Httending  conference  of  bottle, 
cap,  cork,  and  stopper  workers  10875,  Bal- 
timore. Md.  Frank  Morrison 4  50 

Furnishing  for  booth.  Jamestown  exposi- 
tion. Miller,  Rhoeds  &  Swartz 26  44 


ERNEST     S  INO  I 

MEN'S  and  YOUNG  MEN'S 

CLOTHING 

FURNISHING  AND  HATS 


The  double  guarantee  of  strictly  one  price  or 
money  refunded  on  any  unsatisfactory  pur- 
chase goes  with  every  sale  we  make      ::      :: 


25  and  27  Third  Avenue 
New  York  City 


13.  FarnishlnK  for  booth.  Jamestown  exposi- 
tion, W  Davis 

Furnishing  for  booth.  Jamestown  expo«l- 
tlon.  W  Davis 

Furnishing  for  booth,  Jamestown  exposi- 
tion. BC  Junker « 

Furnishing  for  booth.  Jamestown  expoat- 
tlon,  exposition  electrical  dept 

Organizing  expenses.  U  A  8mlth.  |1;  John 

K  Wcdss  •T..."..^ 

16.  2  copies  of  Evening  Star"  Jan  1  to  jjuiy  i\''Qn\ 
T  W  Hay «.. ~ 

16.  Organizing  expenses.  H  A  Bramlette,  160.80; 

Santiago  Igleslas.  $188 

17.  Organising  expenses.  J  A  Kinney.  16;  L  D 

Blddle.  $5;  Jos  A  Torrillo,  fiO;  Herman 
Robinson.  $60;  U  M  Walker,  $100;  Jacob 
Tazelaar.  laO.. 


100  pg  ledgers.  Law  Reporter  co.. 
Day  hooks.  Law  Re^jprterco.... 


18.  Expenses  trip  to  BalUmore.  Md,   Frank 

Morrison ^^  «... 

19.  Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  June  28,  '07, 

suspendermakers    0500,    Max    Altsbuler. 

treas 

Salary  and  expenses  Jamestown  exposition, 

C  P  Connolly. , 

Organizing  expenses,  J  J  Scannell,  $10;  M  J 

O»Brlen7$10;  L  H  Moore,  $10;  I  W  Wright, 

$30.76;  Chas  F  Bailey.  $60 

20.  OrganizlDg  expenses,  L  U  Moore 

22.  Organising  expenses.  J  D  Pierce 

Storage  room  4  months.  Geo  G  Relbold,  saoy 

OrganlElnf  expenses,  W  A  Neal,  $6;  E  D  Bi- 
athrow.flO 

Expenses  attending  longshoremena  conven- 
tion James  Duncan 

Organizing  expenses.  Chas  W  Fear. 

Telephone  service.  CAP  Telephone>co 

28.  660  2-c  stamps,  P  O  dept 

Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  June  80.  '07. 
suspendermakers  0360,  Max  Altsbuler. 
treas 

1.000  1-c  stomps;  1.000  2-c  stomps,  PO  dept.... 

Organizing  expenses.  I  W  Wright,  $16.86; 
Geo  A  milly.  170.26;  T  H  Flynn.  $100;  Sim 

A  Bramlette,  $17.75;  Frank  L  Rist.  $82. 

24.  Organizing  expanses,  A  W  Hair,  $5;  M  F 

Tracey.to 

26.  Organizing  expenses,  J  A  Flett.  $100;  M  G 
Hamilton,  $100;  Jas  Leonard.  $100;  Stuart 
Reid,  $50;  U  RoMnson.  $100:  Jacob  Taze> 
laar,$100;  W  ETerry,$IOO;  Cal  Wyatt,$100: 
CO  Young, $100;  WC  Hahn, $100 _. 

Orsranizlng  expenses,  C  Schmidt,  $21.25;  M  D 
Klrby,  r2l.25;  H  M  Walker,  $100 

600  1-c  Stomps.  P  O  dept 

1,000 1-c  stomps,  P  O  dept 

26.  Organizing  expenses,  Reuben  Forker,  $21; 

A  R  Ssyior.  fe 

27.  Commissions  on  advertisements  forJnn<¥... 
Organizing  expenses.  M  D  Klrby.  $25.5(>;  C 

Schmidt,  $25.50;  Stuart  Reld.  $10) 

Cleaning  and  repairing  fans,  John  C  Ran... 
12  boxes  csrbon.  Typewriter  A  OflSce  Supply 

CO 

New  lock  and  catch  on  case,  Jas  S  Topham 
1  year  subscription  The  American  Academy 

of  Political  and  Social  ^l©nce«^.^^_.j^^. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ^IC 


OOOO 
600 
86  00 
12  50 
SOO 
6S 
188  80 


aoooo 

800  00 
282  62 

8  15 


186  00 
100  00 


110  75 

10  OO 
100  00 

38  00 

15  00 

75  » 
46  10 
60  07 

11  00 


186  00 
80  00 


274  85 
10  00 


112  50 
500 
10  00 

26  00 
l.US  44 

15100 

27  20 

18  00 
200 

5  00 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


711 


27.  Bepalrtnc  lights  and  fanp,  John  C  Ran 17  07 

Towel  service,  Fowler  Mfg  oo 7  00 

aOOfolders,  Library  bureau 1  10 

1  DO  2  platen  complete,  15;  10  reams  no  4 

letter,  $5.60,  Smith  Premier  Typewriter  co        10  60 

Premiums  on  bonds,  Natl  Surety  co 87  00 

Printing  J  uly  Am  Fed,  Law  Reporter  co 508  86 

Printing  July  bulletins.  Law  Reporter  oo...  5  00 

Making  1  spl  ledger,  1  spl  adv  ledger,  and  1 

UMcial  cash  book.  Law  Reporter  co —       118  00 

Twegrams,  Postal  Telegraph  Cable  co 67  00 

Kxpenaea  trip  to  Balto,  Md.  Frank  Morrison         8  ao 

80.  Rernnd  of  prem  on  bond,  Wm  J  Murray.*.....        10  00 
Organising  expenses.  Thos  Ramsey,  $8.25; 

Jos  A  Torn  Ho,  160:  Sim  A  Bramlette,  $51.76; 

Chas  W  Fear7N$i4;  Wm  A  McCabe,  $6 160  54 

81.  Stamps  reed  and  used,  Frank  Morrison,  seov         8  19 
4  weeks'  salary,  office  emp,  E  Vaiesh,  $100; 

J  Kelly.  $87;  R  L  Guard.  192;  D  F  Manning, 
$80;  J  W  Bemhard,  $80;  L  A  Oaver.  $72;  L  A 
Sterne,  $72;  F  C  Alexander,  $72;(8  weeks) 
A  G  Rossell,  $48.85;  (8  weeks)  J  W  Lowe, 
$54:  A  L  McCoy.  $60.86;  D  L  Bradley,  $68: 
J  Gallaher,  $66.66;  F  L  Ffiber.  161;  Z  M 
Manverse.  $64.78;  A  Boswell,  $62.47;  I  M 
Rodler,  $56.88;  T  £  Fawlces,  $60;  E  M  Pea- 
cock, $60;  I  V  Kane,  $58.75;  (2  weeks)  W  I 
Frances,  $80;  A  McClellan,  $60;  (8  weeks) 
J  H  Janney,  $48.03:  1  M  Lauber,  $60: 
W  H  Howlln,  $54.84:  G  A  Boswell,$48:  D  J 
Nielsen, $40.7«;BSThoma«.$l8.81;L  Black. 
$18:  n  O  Jones.  $80.25;  W  Von  Ezdorf,  $18; 
E  R  Brownley.  $80.42;  B  M  Holtzman,  $84.60  1,982  86 
One  month  salary,  Samuel  Gompers,  pres...  250  00 
One  month  salary,  Frank  Morrison,  secy....  206  84 
Newspapers,  10c;  matches,  80c;  brlstol 
board,  860;  postage  due^SOc;  expressage. 

$8.75;  car  Uckets,  A.75,  J  W  Bemhard 10  76 

Hauling  AM  Fxn,  J  W  Bemhard 1  75 

Railroad  fare  and  expenses,  Samuel  Gom- 
pers         96  76 

Postage  on  Am  Fkd.  P  O  dept 20  27 

Seals,  J  Baamgarten  A  Sons 66  90 

Total $18,861  57 


RECAPITULATION. 

BaUnceon  hand  July  1, 1907 $115,158  71 

Receipts  for  month  of  July 18,982  66 

Totol 129,001  86 

Expenses  for  month  of  July 18,861  57 

Balance  on  hand  August  1, 1907 $115.729  79 

General  fund 14,4006 

Defense  fund  101,820  14 

Total $115,729  79 

FRANK  MORRISON, 
SecntHiy,  A.  F.  ofL. 


J^JycA^A^LmxL^ 


HARKAN 


2  (or  25  Gents. 


Your  Dealer  can 
furnish  them 
Should  be  refuse  to  do  so,  send  to  the  factory 

UNION  COLLAR  CO., 

USIOlf  MjtDE,       CADILLAC,    MICH. 


**01iio**  Edge  Toob  are  Famous  for  Keen  and  Lasting  Cutting  Edges 

Such  took— die  kbd  that  cipea  not  give  clof%ifn  in  die  mickt  ol  an  impoctaDt  job— aie  worth  nuiiliiis  opoo.    AO  ftognmrt  haxdwn 
dealen  huKle  dw  "Ohio"  Bne.    ^We  manubcture  Planes, 
bodi  trap   and   wood,  Chgeli.  Gouges,  DraKvins  Kmves, 


both  troo   and   wood,  Uweli.  Uouoes.  UraKnns  Ivnr 

Anser  Bib.  Spoke  Shavta.  Bench  and  Hand  Sae%«n.  Etc. 

Erenr  Tool  Cororod  by  a  Broad  Guaraatoo 

Write  for  Catalog  F 

OHIO  TOOI^  COMPANY 


Coltimbtis,  OKio 


^^On  the  SOWING  DEPENDS  the  GROWING" 


Be  tore  the  Mnving  it  done  widi  a  Buckeire  DnD,  and  the  cultivating 

P.  P.  MAST  &  CO.,  Dcpt  67       -       - 


widi  a  Buckeye  Cuhiiralor.  and  diey  will  bodi  be  done  RIGHT 

-      -       -       Springfield,  Ohio 


See  Spring  Steel  Holding  Plate 


Walk  Eaty-Rett  your 
Nerves 

Prolong  joor  I!  fa  by  using 

"EASYWALKER 
RUBBER  HEELS 

Pktent  •uaehment.  At' 
tached  in  flv*  nitnaiM. 
Bold  by  All  Finders  and 
8hoemak«n.  Gettbegen. 
aloe.  Name  "Katy  Wal- 
ker' '  moulded  on  the  faoe 
of  every  bo«»l.  Look  for 
the  Siecl  Holding  Plate. 
See  bow  tbe  gum  ia  an. 
obored  on  tbe  bellow  stde 
of  tbe  beel.  Manufartiurrd 
by  Sprincfleld  Klastle 
Trrad  TompanT. 

14<18  North  Mechanic 
St.,  Springfield,  Ohio. 


THe 

Springfield   Metallic 

Casket  Co. 

Manufacturers  of 
PATENT  METALUC  BURIAL  CASES  and  CASKETS 

Fuie  Cheitnut  and  Cedar  Clodi  Covered  Caskets 

Undertakers*  Supplies  Steel  Burglar  Prool  Grave  Vaults 

Cop^  and  Zinc  Interchangeable  Linings 

Our  Products  can  be  Purdiaaed  Through  Any  Firsl-dass 

Undertaker 

Springfield  -         •         OKio 

\J.  S.  A. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


712 


AMERICAN  FEDERATION  1ST 


CBtfiM 


i^Wm 


We  Make  a  Specialty  of 


Attaching  Door  ChecKs  and  Stops, 

Applying  Yale  and  other  Locks,  fitting 

Keys,  and  of  General  Jobbing  Work 

Thos.  A.  Glendinning' 

Tormarlr  with  Y»l«  <n>  Town*  Mftf .  Co. 

97  Reade  Street  (3rd  Floor) 
Phone.  820  FranRlin  N£W  YOR.K 


Novo  High  Speed  Steel 
Milling  Cutters 

We  carry  a  large  stock  of  NOVO  STEEL 

and  can  fill  your  orders  for  both  regular  and 

special  cutters  on  short  notice 


All  Cutters  are  Guaranteed 

Write  for  price  list 

The  National  Tool  G)*^ 

Qeveland^  Ohio. 


Cylinden  and  Dandy  RoDi  Made,  CovcKd, 

and  Repaired.    Cylinden  Covered 

at  Mills  If  Deiifed 


Globe 
Wire  Company 


MANUFACTURCIIS  OF 


HigK-Grade 
Fotirdriner  IVires 


CxliA<l««*  and 


WlUUa  StTMt  and  Davit  AveMie 

Harrison     -     -     NEW  JERSEY 


Golden  Gate  Manufacturing  Co. 


Proprietor*  and  Maattfacturert  of  the 


Golden  Gate  Patent  Safety  Valve,  Faucets,  and 

Counter  Pressure  packing  Apparatus 


Telephone.  422<M221  Spriac 


9'lhl5  Desbrosses  Stn^i^t 


Digitized  by 


JV.  r. 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


713 


•••••••••••••••>i 


The  New  York 
Air  Brake  Co. 


66  Broadway 


New  York 


"PRISCO" 

Lanterns  Light  The  World 


CANNOT  BLOW  OUT. 


Money  Back  if  Not 
Satisfied  :    :    :    : 


The  Pritchard-Strong  Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y.,  U.  S.  A^ 


CAR  VESTIBULES 

of  any  design;  portable  and  stationary. 
You  will  save  money  by  getting  these, 
and  any  other  car  parts ^  from  us, 

Prompt 
deliveries  a 
feature. 


The  Most 
Populir  Car 
Sash  and 
Blind  Spring 
on  the  Market. 


Write  UB. 


J.  P.  Sjoberi^  %.  Co., 
533-539  W.  32d  St..  New  York 

•  Digitized  by  LlOOQlC 


714 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  Cutler  Manufacturing 
G>mpany 

Cutler  Mailing  System 


ROCHESTER 


NEW  YORK 


Henry  Lindenmeyr  &  Sons 

PAPER  WAREHOUSE 
All  kinds  of  paper  made  to  order 

Nos.  32,  34  and  36  Bleecker  Street 
NEW  YORK 

Branch  Warehouse,  20  Beekman  St. 


FOLDING  PAPER  BOXES 

Printed  and  Plain 

Large  Contracts  a  Specialty 
Capacity  Board  Mills  35  Tons  Daily 

The  Boehme  &  Rauch  Company 

MONROE,  MICHIGAN 

WHEN  BUYING  BOXES  REMEMBER 

Buedingen  Box  and  Lithograph 
Company 

.     ROCHESTER.  NEW  YORK 

Do  Strictly  First-CIass  Work  at  Attractive  Prices 

LIthographlog,  Prioting  aod 
Embossiog 


Branches: 


New  York  City 
Chicago     - 


153  Broadway 
300  Journal  Bldg. 


Stratton  Brothers 

Manufacturers  of  HIGH-GRADE  SPIRIT  LEVELS 
Agents  for  Quod's  Patented  Cats  Eye  Level  Glass 


Stratton  Brothers 

GREENFIELD       -       -       I«ASSACHUSETTS 

R.  O.  Stetson,  Prop. 

The  Storm  Manufacturing 
Company 

Hand  Power  Elevators  and 
Dumbwaiters 


NEWARK 


NEW  JERSEY 


Thomas  Hanrehan 


BRUSH  MANUFACTURER 


2748  Atlantic  Avenue,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


Near  Bntdfotd  Street 


J.  H.  KAPPELER 

BRUSHES 

472  Canal  Street        -^   New  York  Gty 

Digitized  by  CjOOQ IC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


715 


TKe  F*  M*  Boiler  Company 

Manufacturers  of  Gas  Stoves  and  Appliances  for  Bakers  and  Confectioners 
A  Full  Line  of  Tools  and  Utensils 


165  Chambers  Street 

Address  D^partm^nt  H 


New  YorK 


I  •••••■^^••••****»***»*>»««««^'^->-^.>^.>.>-^i'>a«>-^-^'--"^'*'^'-^'^--^-"'^-"'tft*-" 


BI»«A>  1.  JXWBTT  JOHN  B.  JBWKTT 

TKeJcwett 

R.efrigerator 

Company 


BUFFALO 


NEW  YORK 


<  »»**»•**■  ww^^pp^w^w^t^ir^w^wiy^ypf^Ti^yy^wyy 


Moro  Sewing 

with  less  labor,  if 
you  use  the 

\A/MITE 

Sec  your   White 
dealer  or  write  us 
for  details      : 
«T^AroR  and  HO/Aftr  SHUHLE  MACHINES 

Wliite  Sewing  Machine  Co. 

CI^CVCI^A.ND,  OHIO 

Bryant  Electric  Company 

Makers  of 

ELECTRICAL 
HARDWARE 

Catalogue  on  Request 

BUDGEPORT,  CONN.     CHICAGO,  ILL. 


THE  PRATT 

Positive  Drive  Drill  Cliuck 

Get  Our 
Explanatory  Booklet 


THE  PRATT  CHUCK  CO. 

FlAMKrOlT.  N .  T. 

European  Agents,  Sells:,  Sonnenthal  &  Co. 
85  Queen  Victoria  St.,  London,  England. 


BecKwitK-CKandler   Co. 


HIGH-GRAPE  VARNISHES 


NEWARK,  N.  J; 
fiOl  Emmett  Street 


NEW  YORK 
SS20  Fifth  Avenui 


COMPLIMENTS  OF 

The  Roessler  &  Hasslaclier 
Clieinical  Company 


NEW  YORK 


PERTH  AHBOY,  N.  J. 


BATAVIA  a  NEW  YORK  WOOD  WORKING  CO. 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 


INXERIOR     HARI 
illVI  AND  CABIIME 


>\A/OOD 
'  >A/ORK 


Factory:  Batavia,  N.  Y. 


NEW  YORK 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


716 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


OUR  SPECIALTY: 


HIGH  SPEED,  HOT  FORGED  DRILLS 


New  Process  Twist  Drill  Company 

TAUNTON.  MASS, U.  S.  A. 


^W's^ 

C.  A.  GOLDSMITH 

^^^^^^Kjk^^^K^    ^^^  pulleys 

Hk      ^^^^^rrWF^'           ^^\  ^  diameter 
w^^^yjj^j^^^.^     ,    /   up  to  40  inches 

^^L        Hi            j9r        8  inches  bore 

Brass  Founder 

42,  44,  and  46  Cutler  Street 

A  TEST  IS  WHAT  TELLS 

Telephone  Call,  879  Newark       NB  WARK,  N.  J. 

Alexander  Iron  Works 

GIVE  THEM  A  TRIAL 

J0 

W.  D.  DUNNING  AND 

BOOMERS  BOSCHEBT 

Oneida  Steel  PuUey  Co. 

PBESS  COMPANY 

Oneida,  N.  Y^  U.  S.  A. 

SYRACUSE       -       NEW  YORK 

• 

Frank  Mossberg'  Co. 


Attleboro» 
Mciss. 


MANUFACTURER  OF 


Wrenches  and  Bells^  Sheet  Metal  Stampings 
Punching  and  Porming  Dies^  Special  Tools  and  Machinery 

The  McWhinnie  Whselbarrow  Works 

POUQHKEEPSIE,  N.  Y.,  U.  S.  A. 

Manufacturer  of  Railroad,  Coal,  Garden,  Mining,  Stone,  Stave, 
and  Mortar  Wheelbarrows.    Also  Steel  Tray  and  Steel 
Wheel  Wood  Frame  and  Steel  Tubular  Barrows 
for  all  purposes 


Panama  Steel  Tray  Barrow. 


Digitized  by 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


717 


''Economy"  Lig'Kt 


Known 

and  Appreciated 

wherever 

Incandescent 

Lamps  are  Used. 


Twice  the 
Number  of 
Lamps  for  the 
Regular  Price. 


Long  Life. 
Low  Current. 
Consumption. 


A  Barrel  Sent  on 
Trial  for  Your 
Approval. 


The  ECONOMY  ELECTRIC  COMPRNY 
Warren       -----      Ohio 


MOTOR  DRIVE  IS  BEST 


r  o  R 


MAN 


MAST£R     AND 

255^  to  605^  Saving  in  Power. 
Greater  Adaptability. 
Increased  Cleanliness. 
Decreased  Loss  of  Time. 
Increased  Machine  Capacity. 

The  Best  Motors  for  any  and  every  drive  are 
"PEERLESS"  MOTORS 

The  Peerless  Electric  Co. 

^Warren  •  •  •  OKio 

—  ••PEERLESS"  ^— 

BY  NAME  AND  IN  SERVICE  ARE  PEERLESS  LAMPS 


Peerless  "  Desk ' 
Lamps  for 
Downward 
Light. 


Peerless  "Gem" 
Metallised 
Filament  2yi 
Watts  per  C.  P. 


Peerless 
"Tantalum" 
Metal  Filament  2 
Watts  per  C.  P. 


The  Warren  Electric  and  Specialty  Co. 

"PrsdmcMt  P««rl«M  P«rf«ca«B"  WAIIBII.  OBIO 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


M8 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  Verr  Best  Edge  Tools  Hade  in  Ameria 


HONK  BCTTCR  MADE  ANVWHERE 
IN  THE  WORLD 

For  Carpenters,  Coopers,  Ship  Builders,  Cotch 
Makers,  Turners,  Butchers,  Pump  Makers,  Wood 
Carvers,  Etc.,  the  most  complete  and  extensive 
line  of  strictly  fine  and  superior  edge  tools 
made  in  this  country. 

For  Sale  by  Ftet-Qaas  Hardware  Dealers 

If  your  dealer  does  not  keep  them  and  refuses 
to  order  them,  send  to  us  for  catalogue,  not 
failing  to  mention  what  kind  of  tools  you  use, 
as  we  issue  separate  catalogues,  and  state  where 
you  saw  this  "ad." 


Mack  &  Co. 

Brown  Race^ 
ROCHESTER^N.Y. 


TRAtC-MAIIH 


Electro-Plating  Dynamos 

Electrical  Instruments  and 
Supplies 

Voltmeters,  Ammeters,  and 
Rheostats 

All  Chemicals  for  the  Electro- 
Deposition  of  Metals 

Polishing  Compositions, Wheels 
and  Rouges 

Polishing  Machinery 

Cold  Galvanizing  Plants 

The  Hanson  &  Van  Winkle  Co. 

219-221  Market  Street 

Newark,  N.  J. 


'  ^wr^w^^ 


"T  T  ^ 


The  Pfaudler  Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y. 


Enamelled  Steel  Tanks  for 
Brewers,  Distilleries,  Etc. 


TR.AD  JL 

MORRILL 

MARK 


On  a  Tool  is  a  Guarantee  that  it  is  as 

Gocd  as  Money  Can  Buy 

or  Science  Devise 


CHarles  Morrill 

New  YorR 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


719 


Pittsburgh  Rivet  Co. 


Manufacturers  of 


Rivets,  Bolts 
and  Forgings 


38th  street  and  Junction  R.  R. 
PITTSBURGH,  PA. 


OIL     WELL 
SUPPLY  COMPANY 

Pittsburg,Pennsylvania 


Nicholson  File  Co^ 


PROVIDENCE  :t  RHODE  ISLAM) 


•rile»  and  Ra&|i»« 


LARGEST  MAKERS  IN  THE  WORLD 


Norwood 
Engineering   Co. 


Paper  Mill 
Equipments 


Florence, 


Mass. 


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720  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

Established  1827 

Charles  C.  Kellogg  &  Sons  Company 

Wholesale  and  Retail 

LUMBER  PLANING  MILL 

Fine  Interior  Trim  and  Veneered  Work  a  Specialty 

Sash,  Door,  and  Blind  Manufacturers;  Glass,  Mantels,   Cabinet  Work,   Mouldings,    Scro! 

Sawing,  Turning,  &c. 
Office  and  Mills,  SENECA  STREET  Yards,  WASHINGTON  ST.  and  ERIE  CANAL 

BRANCH   yards:    {  {:^;^„\Kk  Y.  UTICA,    N.    Y. 


New  England's  Greatest  Supply  Center 

H  H.  WHITE  COMPANY 
Boston,    Massachusetts 


CORRIGAN,  McKINNEY  &  CO. 
Iron  Ores  and  Pig  Iron 

703-719  PERRY  PAYNE  BUILDING 

Cleveland,  Ohio 


F.  W*  DeVoe  &  C*  T^  Raynolds  Co* 

JOJ  and  103  Fulton  Sucei,  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Manufacturers  of   Pure  Lead  and  Zinc  READY-MIXED  PAINTS 

MADCllN  4e  SHADCS 

Coach^  Car,  Camaget  and  Interior  Varnishes 

Paints  and  Varnish  Brushes,  and  all  kinds  of  Material  and  Tools  used  by  Painters 

We  have  our  own  **  High  Standards  "  of  quality  and  do  not  enter  into  competition  with  those  manu- 
facturers who  pay  more  attention  to  making  goods  to  sell  at  low  prices  than  they  do  to  see  how  per- 
fectly they  can  make  them.  Iiifertor(h»d$a«IlkeIiiffe*or*iidUndcfpaMl»---DEAR  AT  ANT  PRICE. 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


721 


THE  VIGILANT 

Feed  Water  Regulator 

is  King.   Superior  to  Aii  Others 

No  Floats,   No   Ejcpansion 
Tubes,  No  Faflurc;  Perfect 
Water    Level   a   G>ntmual 
Certainty;    Saves    Its    Pur- 
chase  Cost  in   Less  Than 
a  Year              ::              :: 

The  Chaplin  Fnlton  Mfg. 

34  Penn  Ave.,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

Established  1889         L.  D.  Telephone  629- J 
143 1-J  Branch  Brook 

JOHN  C.  McCLURE 

»«■•»*  Wood  Patterns 

For  Castings  of  Every  Description 

Special  and  Hiscellaneoiss  Woodwork 

Large  Facilities  for  Turning  out  Work 
Quickly  and  as  Promised 

134  Orange  Street   ::  Newark,  N^J^ 

Near  Broad  St.  Station  M.  &  E.  R.  R. 

LUZERNE 

KNITTING  MILLS 

PITTSTON,  PA. 

Manufacturers  of 

high-grade 
Knitted  Underwear 

MICHIGAN 
ALKALI  COMPANY 

Chemical 

Manufacturers 

IN  HEN'S,  WOMEN'S,  AND 
CHILDREN'S  FLAT  GOODS 

Also  Men's,  Women's,  and  Children's  Ribbed 

Underwear  in  Two-Piece  Garments 

and  Men's  and  Women's 

Ribbed  Union  Suits 

Wyandotte      -      Michigan 

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722 


AMERICAN  FEDBRAJUQNIST 


VEGETABLEFEEUNG  MACHINE 


€|  A  reuiy.  refiable. 
econamicAl  worker. 
Savei  ei^  to  ten 
cents  every  minute  it 
runt— four  to  ax  dol- 
.Ian  every  hcur— 
enough  ^  to  equip  an 
entire  Idtchen  in  Ie« 
than  a  year ;  enough 
to  buila  a  hotel  in  a 
fewveanifkeptbuiy. 
€|  Main  parts  win  last 
practicaUy  (orev«^. 
only  part  that  wean 
out  lasts  five  times  as 
long  as  similar  part^  of 
any  other  madiine 
and  can  be  reneweci 
at  but  a  fraction  of 
the  cort.  Reduces  the 
expense  of  the  back  of 
the  house  and  puts 
moce  money  m    the 


lifts  ose 

economy  in  the  hotel 


9  For  full  particulan 


BELDING  A  FRANKLIN  MACHINE  CD.,  Patentees  and  Mfgrs., 
64  West  30th  Street.  New  York  Ctty. 
110  Weet  84th  Street.  New  York  City. 


DIXON  &  CAFFREY 


^Manufacturers  of = 


for  Painters,   Leather 
Workers  and   General 
-Tradc= 


38  BERGEN  STREET 


Telepl>one  884-J.  NEWARK.  N.  J. 


GERA  MILLS 


PASSAIC 

New  Jersey 


80  and  82  Leonard  St,N«  Y«C 


HOMESTEAD    VALVES 

WHAT  ARE   THEY? 


They  arc  such  an  article  as  no  USER  of  VALVES 
can  afford  to  ignore,  since  they  are  made  superior  to 
others  in  the  KIND  of  metal,  the  QUANTITY  of  mcUl, 
the  SUPERIOR  WORKMAN^HIP,  and  last,  but  not  least, 
the  PATENT  AUTOMATIC  LOCKING  DEVICE  which 
they  contain,  malcing  them  sought  the  world  over 
for  the  hard  work  in  which  others  fall.  We  make 
them  STRAIGHTWAY,  THREE-WAY,  and  FOUR-WAY. 
A  booklet  for  the  asking. 

HOMESTEAD  VALVE  MFG.  CO.,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

Brass  Pounders 

Works  at  HOIiCSTCAD,  Po. 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  m 


RHODE  ISLAND  PERKINS  HORSE  SHOE  COMPANY 


MANUFACTURERS   OP 


Perkins  Pattern  Horse  and  Mule  Shoes 

ANDTOE        CALKS 
PROVIDENCE  RHODE  ISLAND 


John  F.  Allen 


ESTABLISHED   1872 


MANUFACTURER  OF 

PORTABLE  PNEUMATIC  RIVETING  MACHINES 
Compression  Riveters 

370-372  Gerard  Avenue  New  York 

Brands:    BOSS,    BANNER,    FEATHEJ^WEIGHT,    BRYDEN    C,    C.    &   K..   B.    &  M. 

BRYDEN  HORSESHOE  COMPANY 

Manufacturers  of  Forced  and  Rolled 

Horse  and  Mule  Shoes 

Steel  and  Aluminum  Racing  Plates  CATASAUQUA,  PA. 

GILBERT  &  BARKER  MANIEACTURING  CO. 

SPRINGFIELD  GAS  MACHINE 

Gasolene  and  Naphtha  Plants.    Fuel  Oil  Plants  for  Heating  Furnaces 

Gas  Stoves  and  Ranges  for  CooKincf  and  Heating 

Pipe  Fittings  and  Valves  for  Gas,  Steam,  and  Water 
SO  and  82  4th  Ave.,     BorourfK  of  M anKattan.        NEW^  YORK 

FaAorr,  SPR.INGriKLD,  MASS.  . 

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'24 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


VALVES 


Tnyeres 
Toyere  Cocks 

Traps 
Regolators 

Flanges 
Tees,  etc.,  etc. 


PITTSBURGH  VALVE,  FOUNDRY 

AND  CONSTRUCTION  CO.. 

PITTSBURGH.  PENNA. 


Vacuum  Oil  Company 


H.  BUCHNER,  Manager 


Manufacturers  of  all  kinds  of 

Lubricating  Oils,  Leather  Oils  and 

Greases 


Head  Office  for  New  England 

49  Federal  Street,  Cor.  Franklin 

Hancock  Bldg.,  Boston,  Mass. 


The  McDANIEL 
STEAM   TRAP 


Discharges  continuously  and  never  blows  steam 
Made  extra  heavy  for  high  pressure 


Wf  ALSO  MANUFACTURI 


Redudns:  Valves,  Exhaust  Pipe  Heads,  Sepa- 
ratofs  for  Live  and  Exhatfst  Steam,  Blow-off 
Valves,  Relief  Valves,  Ejectors,  Etc.     :     :     : 


SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE 


Watson  £•  NcDaniel  Co. 

146  N.  Seventh  St., miLAaCLPIflA,  PK. 


THE 

Union  Stove  WorKs 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

RANGES 
STOVES 
FURNACES 
ETC. 


WAREROOMS: 

70  Beekman  and  66-68  Gold  Sts. 
New  York,  U.  S.  A. 


Foundries:  PeeHskill 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


72S 


Tbu  are  Right  -  thcji 
Qo  alicad." 


D*uio     CROCKETT 


\  5  I    I    I 


\^ 


his    alwa;y"iS    isafe 
'to    go   aKead.     on. 

EiLiGIN 

Tirae. 


">£ 


5j  I  i9firju 


Every  Elgin   Watcli    is  fully 
guaranteed.       All    jewelers 
have  Elgin  Watches.     An 
interesting,  illustrated 
booklet  about  watches, 
sent  free  on  request  to  ^ 

ElBln 
National  Watoh  Co., 
ElBln,  III. 


Pneumatic  Took 

for  all  purposes,  and  all  favorites  of  the  skilled 
ron  worker.    One  man  by  the  aid  of  one  of 
these  tools  can  accom- 
plish as  much  as 
ten  men  by  old 
hand  methods. 


Send  for  our  gen- 
eral tool  and  compres- 
sor catalogues. 

Manufactured  by 

CBICAdO  PNEUMATIC  TOOL  CO. 


CaiCAQO 


95  Ubwtj  StTMt 
NEW  YORK 


READING 
HARDWARE    CO. 

Makers  of 

Builders*  Hardware 

Fine  Door  LocKs 
Tlie''Ogdeii"Clieck 

Gas,  Electric  and 
Combination  Fixtures 

''Reading** 
Lawn  Mowers 

l-andon  Design. 

FACTORIES: 

READING,  PA. 

NEW  YORK,  CHICAGO, 

96-98  Reade  St.  105  Lake  St. 

PHILADELPHIA, 
617  Market  St. 


giiizea  oy 


Goog 


726 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIQNIST 


BETTER  SATISFY  BOTH  YOUR  CUSTOMER  AND  YOURSELF? 

4|Better  look  up  the  Edwards  specialties  when  figurlDg  nn  aoontmcL,  berauBe  Uiey  htc  bnimd  (og^lv^  a  «re*t  i|^«>l 
more  satisfaction  than  many  devices  of  other  makes.  l|The  Edwaros  ^^node  are  Mioranglily  w«il  madft  X>y  con. 
petent  workmen  under  careful  supervision.  The  ideas  embodied  in  the  ^DWARDs^peclnltWH  arf^orl^lnnJ  witii  un: 
are  money  makers  because  of  their  good  points;  save  labor  InstaUlnj^  and  worry  afier  ibey  arv  put  in.  Fob 
Illubtratrd  Catalogue.  Wkitb 

EDWARDS  &,  COMPANY  r^V^  ^'•oTJ";*'."^ 

Selling  Agents,  Western  Electrlctl  Co.       Telephone  Connection*  New  York,  PhilBdelpHI«,  ChicigOt  Su  Louis^  Ktmii  CUr,  Oo^i- 


HENRY  F.LOEWER,P»c$.fcGen.Hgr.;  WH.LOEWERJtcasarer 
FRED  S.  LOEWER.  Vice-Ptes.:  GEO.  F.  SCHELTER.  Secretary 


ROCHESTER 
LAST 
WORKS 


208  HILL  STREET 
ROCHESTER  N.  Y. 


The  Kinoear  Manufacturing  Co. 


Manufacturers  of 

KINNEAR'S  STEEL 
ROLLING  DOORS 
SHUTTERS  AND 
PARTITIONS     .     . 


Columbus,  Ohio    »^    U.  S.  A. 


THE  KILBOURNE  ft  JACOBS  MFG.  CO.  1°'^"^% 


Wheel  Scraper* 

Dtmt  Scrapers 

CONTRACTORS' 

Dump  Cars  and  Carts 

Grading  Plows 

Wheelbarrows  of  all  kinds 

STEEL 

Ore  and  Mine  Cars,  and  Tubular 

Wheelbarrows 

Small  Cars  of  Every  Kind 


Railroad  and  War«h«nM 
TRUCKS 
Bavraf  ■  Burvw* 

Sticar  Can*  C«r* 

Plantatioa  Car« 

Steel  Troysbs  aful  Ste*l  Sh«pn 

af  Vartciyf  Kinds 

Wrouchl  5tv«l  Sinks 

Steel  Shop  Pan**  uid 

Steel  Barrels 


The     Celebrated     '*COLUMBUS"     Solid     StettI     Drag     Scraper 

THe      Norcross      Company 


269  VITest  River  Street 


Cleveland 


Ohio 

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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


727 


James  M.  B  arm  ett.  President  McGio.  Bundy,  Secretary 

E.  C  FosBUitGH,  Vice-Pres.  &  Gen.  M^r. 
H.J.  HoLLiSTER,  Treasurer  Jno.  M.  Gibbs,  Asst.  Secy. 

FOSBURGH  LUMBER  CO. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

KILN    DRIED 

NORTH  CAROLINA  PINE 

ROUGH  AND   DRESSED 


EASTERN    SALES    OFFICES 
CXCHANOC   MLDO.i   SOSTON 
«a    MROADWAV.   NEW   YORK 


Norfolk,  Va. 


Impervious  Terra  Cotta 


M.  E.  McLain 


E.  S.  Mclain  &  Son 

^    BRICK    ^ 
MANUFACTURERS 


Fulton  Building 


PITTSBURG,  PA. 


BEST  PAVING  BLOCK  MADE 


Six  Factories— Daily  Output 

400.000 


THE  METROPOLITAN  PAVING  BRICK  CO. 


CANTON,  OHIO 


ROCHESTER 

BOX  and  LUMBER  CO. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

PACKING  CASES 

Lock  Corner  Boxes  a  Specialty 

LUMBER 

Cor.  Piatt  and  Warehouse  Sts. 
ROCHESTER.  N.  Y. 


JAMES  R.  SAYRE,  Jr. 


JAMES  S.  HIGBIE 


JAMES  R.  SAYRE,  Jr.,  &  CO. 

BOTH  TELEPHONES  No.  686. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Building:  Brick,  Fine  Pressed,  Ornamental,  and  Enam- 
eled Fire  Brick,  Hollow  Brick,  Tiles,  Slabs,  Blocks, 
etc.;  also  Lime,  Plaster,  and  Cement. 

DEALERS  IN  THE  BEST  QUALITY 

LEHIGH  COAL,  Prepared  Expressly  for  Family  Use. 

BITUMINOUS  COAL  at  Lowest  Prices  for 

Steam  and  Blacksmithing  Use. 

rint  Wharf  B«Uw  C«Btr«  StrMt  D«9oU 

NEWARK,  N.  J. 

49K)rders  by  Mail  and  Telephone  Promptly  Filled"^ 


W.M.TILLCY&CO. 

Successors  to  EDWARD  M.  TILLEY 

LUMBER  DEALERS 

Sash  Doors^  Blinds  and  Gloss, 
Paints,  Oils^  Brushes,  etc. 

Berkley-NORFOLK,  VA.,  P.  0.  Box  705 

Plume  Street  NORFOLK,  VA. 

A.WYCKOFF6cSONCo. 

Established  1855 


STEAM  PIPE  COVERING 

WOOD  WATER  PIPE 

CHAIN  PUMPS 


Elmira,N.Y. 


U.  S.  A. 


TheOhioandWesternLimeCo* 

MANUFACTURERS  OF  AND  WHOLESALE   DEALFRS  IN 

Ohio  White  Finishing  Lime,  Ground  Lime, 

Lump  Lhne,  Fertilizer,  Hydrate  Lune, 

Crushed  Stone,  Builders' 

Supplies 

Peter  Martin,  Pres.  and  Gen.  Mgr. 
Geo.  B.  Christian,  Asst.  Gen.  Mgr. 


MARION 


.      .      .      OHIO 

Digitized  by  CjOOQLC 


728 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


ALPHA  PORTLAND 
CEMENT 


Th«  K«c«gBlz«4  Standard 
American  Brand 


ANNUAL  OUTPUT 
5,000,000  Bbls. 


Alpha  Portland  Cement  Co. 
Easton,  Pa. 


BILLIARD  and  POOL  TABLES 

BAR  FIXTURES 

BOWLING  ALLEYS 

ALL  OUR  GOODS  ARE  MADE  BY 

SKILLED  UNION  MEN 

and  bear  the 

UNION  LABEL 


4* 


The 

BmnswlcK-BalKe-Collender 

Company 

227.229  rOVKTH  AVENVI 
New  TorK  City 


The  Barnes 


Manufacturing  Co. 

Manufacturers  of 

Doors,  Sash 
and  Blinds 


TELEPHONE: 
LONG  DISTANCE  85 


WEST  END 


JERSEY  CITY 


NEW  JERSEY 


Litchfield  Bros. 

NORTH  VERNON,  IND. 
HARDVOODS  AND  CABINET 

LUMBER 

Car  and  Railroad  Stock 

WIL  £.  LITCHFIELD,  Sellln;  A^ent,  Boston*  Mass. 


Thos.  W.  Finucane  Co. 

Successors  to 
THOS.  W.  FINUCANE 

BUILDING  CONTRACTORS 

INTERIOR   FINISHING   A   SPECIALTY 

Telephone  433 

3  Union  Place        ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


729 


The  Edward  Ford  Plate  Glass  Company  I 

Manufacturers  of  POLISHED  PLATE  GLASS  I 

Works  at  Rossford,  TOLEDO,  OHIO  | 


Edward  Fordj  President 
G.  /?.  Ford^  Treasurer  and  Assistant  Manager 

Geo,  W.  DeMoidj  General  Sales  Agent 


C.  L.  Lewis  J  Secretary 


^'♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^^^'^^^^▼^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^^^^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^ 


4>AAil>4iAAA4>A4>AA^AAA*A4ijg       ;6A4>AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAii>4>AAAA^AAAAAy 


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4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 

4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
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4 
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The  H.  Wales  Lines 
Company 


Building  Contractors  and 

Dealers  in  Builders' 

Materials 


3 


H.  G.  Higginson 
Thomas  H.  Millspaugh 
Edmund  Sanxiy 
S.  V.  Mtncy 


President 

Secretary 

Treasurer 

Superintendent 


The  Higginson  Mfg. 
Company 

Manufacturers  of  AH  Grades  of 
Calcined  Plaster,  Land  Plaster,  Terra  Alba, 

Marble  Dust,  Marble  Flour, 

White  Cement  for  Mortar,  White  Cement 

for  Finishing,  Prepared  Mortar, 

Whiting  of  all  Grades,  and  Paper 

Makers'  Supplies 


MERIDEN 


CONN.    8:    I    NEWBURGH 


N.Y. 


^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦¥¥¥¥%  ^¥WWWWWWW^^¥WWWW^W^¥WWWW^fW^WWWW^ 


4 
4 


Lehish  Portland  Cement  Co. 

ALLENTOWNy  PENNSYLVANIA 


>rf¥¥^¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥1 


Digitized  by  VjOC 


r 

I 


730 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


W.   KUEBLERS   SONS 

Lager  Beer 
Brewery 


OFFICE: 


East  Canal  Street  EASTON,  PA. 

H,  C.  Hemingway  &  Co. 

SYRACUSE,  N.  Y. 

PACKERS  OF  HIGH- 
GRADE  FRUITS  AND 
VEG  E  TA  B  LES 

Auburn,    Glen,    and    Alpine    Brands 

Flor  de  Garcia 

F.  ^  D.  Perfedlo 

Highest  Grade  10c  Cigar 

UNION  MADE 

FITZPATRICK  ft  DRAPER 

Troy,  New  YorR 

DAUFER  &  COMPANY 

Lager  Beer 
and  Porter 
BREWERS 


ALLENTOWN 


PENNSYLVANIA 


BRADDOCK 
MARYLAN  D   RYE 

Sold  by  all  Dealers 

THE  J  AS.  CLARK  DISTILLING 
COMPANY 

D.  P.  McCarthy,  Manaeer 

610  Pa.  Ave.  N.  W.,  Washington,  D.  C 

T.  Briggs  &  Co. 

Brewers  and  Bottlers  of 

Lager  Beer 
and  Ale  : 


ELMIRA 


NEW  YORK 


Arbogast  &  Bastian  Co. 

WHOLESALE 
SLAUGHTERERS 

CATTLE,  SHEEP,  HOGS  &  CALVES 

Manufacturers  of 

Strictly  Pare  Lard  and  Fine  Sausages 


ALLENTOWN 


PENNSYLVANIA 


Steinhardt  Bros.  &  Co. 

Importers,  Distillers,  and  Blenders  of 

FINE  WHISKIES 

NINTH  AVENUE  and  THIRTEENTH  STREET 

NEW  YORK 

OLD  METHUSALEM— King  of  Whiskies 
LAFAYETTE  CLUB  (Kentucky)    HILLSIDE  (PennsylvaniiRye) 
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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


731 


Duflbr'sPureMaltWhisRey 


Medicine  for  all  mankind;  the  stand- 
ard of  purity  and  excellence  for 
nearly  half  a  century;  an  invaluable 
remedy  for  couehs^  colds^indigestion^ 
dyspepsia*  malaria^  ''grippe/^  con- 
sumption; an  ideal  tonic  and  stimu- 
lant for  the  aged*  The  only  Whiskey 
recognized  by  the  Government  as  a 
medicine;  prescribed  by  thousands 
of  physicians;  used  in  numberless 
hospitals* 

WHto  fir  It—  M««lcal  BmKI*!. 


TBE  DUFFY  HALT  WHISKEY   COMPANY 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


The  Sign  of  the 
Best  Ale 


^Jo^^ 


PORTSMOUTH' 

ALES 


BiillBl 

Accept 
No  Substitute 


All  Sizes 


Bond, 


Quart 


Digitized  by  VjOOQlC 


32 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


AmoAtf  tkkm  mi^Asr  First«Cli^ss  Hotels  of  fimwr  York  City,  surrounding  Madison 
Square  Park,  there  is  none  better  situated  for  the  visitor  than 

THE  ASHLAND  HOUSE- 

From  the  corner  of  23d  Street  and  4th  Avenue  (half  a  block  below)  you  can  take  a  car  for  anv  Ferry, 
Depot,  Theater,  Museum,  Park,  Store  (wholesale  or  retail).  Brooklyn  and  the  new  East  River  sridi^es. 
General  Post  Office,  or  any  other  place  of  interest  in  the  City.  The  Rapid  Transit  or  Undern^round  Road 
has  made  one  of  its  Principal  Stations  at  23d  Street  and  4th  Avenue. 

One  of  the  chief  attractions  of  THE  ASHI^AND  is  iU  Restaurant,  one  of  the  best  in  the  City, 
and  which  enjoys  A  'Wf^T\A*V9%.Am  Roptiti^tioA. 

The  house  beine  conducted  on  the  American  and  European  plans  enables  GmMts  to  have  their  choice 
of  rooms  with  or  without  board.    Single  rooms  heated  without  charge. 

PlICBSx  Rooms  with  Board,  $2.50  and  $3.00  per  day.  Rooms  without  Board,  $1.00  and  upward. 
Breakfast,  75  cents;  Lunch,  50  cents;  Dinner,  75  cents. 

The  Ashland  House  is  quickly  reached  from  the  new  landing  for  Hudson  River  and  other  steamboats  at 
West  42d  Street.    Take  south-bound  electric  car,  34th  Street  line,  and  transfer  south  at  4th  Avenue. 


B.PAYN'SSONSTOBACCOCO. 

ALBANY.  N.  Y. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Union^riade 

TOBACCO 

...AND... 

CIGARS 

WE  MAKE  THE  WELL-KNOWN 

B.  &  M.  Qgars  and  B.  &  M.  Tobacco 

Spanish  Tobacco,  Cross  Pipe 

Tobacco,  McEwan's 

Tobacco 

AND  MANY  OTHER  BRANDS 
ALL  THE  PRODUCTS  OF 


UNION 


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These   trade-mark   criac 

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^t  Flour 

CRESCOGRire 

iSfcRYSTALS* 

Ideal  BreakfasJlnl 

kpg 

fei^ealth  Cereals. 

Unlike  all  othey|ood 

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BARLEV 

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Perfect  BreakfasjA 

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dKt  Health  Cereals. 

PANSY    FLOUR/or 

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^.\ake  and    Bitcutt 

Unlike  aliyRier 

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Is.    1^  grocers. 

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71 


A  NAM£  AND  A  DEFINITION 


GOLD  MEDAL 
TIVOLI  BEER 


BOHKMIAN  HOPS 
THE  BEST  MAI^T 
SCIENTIFIC    BRK^^ING 
FOUR  MONTHS'  AGING 


SPRINGFIELD  BREWERIES  CO.,  Sprin^eld,  Mass. 


\ 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


733 


A  HEALTHFUL  SPREAD  FOR  YOUR  DAILY  BREAD 


TRAOe    MARK 


PEANUT  BUTTER 


A  perfect  substitute  for  Meats  and  Dairy  Butter 

DELICIOUS,   DIGESTIBLE,   NUTRITIOUS 

Drop    postal    with    dealer's    name    for    free    sample 

BOSMAN  &  LOHMAN  CO.,  NORFOLK,  VA. 


(Jroceri 

MQSELEV&  MOTLEY  MILUNG  Co. 
ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


King  flrthur  Flour 


AMERICA'S  HIGHEST  GRADE 

Makes  the  Most  Delicious 

and  Nutritious  Bread 

TRY  IT 

Sands,  Taylor  &  Wood  Company 


BOSTON 


PROVIDCNCC 


THE  DONOGHUC  IMPORTING  COMPANY 

Inaporter*  and  Dealer*  In 

WINES,  LIQUORS,  AND  CORDIALS 

Sole  A.89ntA  for  the 

INGLCNOOK  VINEYARD,  NAPA  COUNTY,  CALirORNIA 

«37-«39  MAIN  QX.,  EAST  ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


DigjitigegJ  by 


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734 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Schlitz 


The  Beer  that  Made  Milwaukee  Famous 


Paul  Wuesthoff  Co. 

14TH  AND  Pike  Streets 
Pittsburg,  Pa. 


Wholesale  Dealers  in 
JOM,  SehiltM  Brewing  Company's 

Milwaukee  LatKer  Beer 


If  Your 
Work  is  Hard 

—either  mentally  or  physically— dbnVilKtf 
yoorsdf  or  stifle  the  natural  craving  of 
the  system  for  a  stamina-producing  force. 
Give  nature  what  It  demands  and  OTeogtb 
to  resist  the  wear  will  be  forthcoming. 


IS|  by  reason  of  its  ingredients,  a  pure, 
wholesome,  natural,  nourishing,  and 
sustaining  product,  rendering  the 
most  valuable  assistance  to  the  body 
where  most  required.  Nature's  tonic 
for  weary  hands  and  heads. 

BTSBT  DBAUBB  BTSBTWHBBB. 

0nwtd  for  past  118  years  by 

0»  B.  IStmis  4k  Sons, 

Hndxm,  N.  Y. 


Atlanta  Brewing  &  Ice  Co. 

of  Atlanta,  Ga. 


Brewers  and  Bottlers  High-Grade 
LAGER  BEER 

TRY  OUR  BRANDS 

STEINERBRAU  OLD  CABINET 

ROYAL  PALE        SUN  BEAM 

Bottled  at  the  Brewery 


FAMILIES  SUPPLIED  DIRECT 


PHYSICIANS  ENDORSE 


WEST   END 


Ales  and  Lager 

because  of  their  strength- 
ening qualities  and  un- 
equaled  purity.  They 
stimulate  the  appetite — are 
delicious. 

Ask  for  West  End— Always 


West  End  Brewing  Company 

UTICA,  NEW  YORK 

Diyiii.LU  uj  t^ooale 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


735 


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FERRY,  WEBER  &  CO.  I 

I  MANUFACTURERS  OF  I 


I         Fine  and  Medium  Grade 

SOFT   HATS 


I 

I 

[ 

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I 


r 

I  WEAR  I 

Corliss  I 

Coon         I 

I  &  Co.  j 

Collars  and  Cuffs  I 


For  the  Jobbing  Trade 


.J 


I 


ON  SALE  AT 
LEADING  HABERDASHERS 


i 

I 


Fair 

Alpaca 

Company 

I  =BoI?oke= 


^    ^ 


Massachusetts 


I 


I  I  Fred.  Pflueger 

II 

i 
I 

i 
I 


SILK  DYER 

Tram,  Organ^,  Spun, 
Tussah,  Etc. 


^     ^ 


3648  Park  Ave.        NEW  YORK 


Digitized  by 


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736 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


W^ 


1 


505  LBERTY  STREET 
Phtsbof  g.  Pa. 

Hanttfacttirers  of  High-grade  Brashes 


Wolfe  Brush  G>mpany  | 

A  complete  assortment  of  Military  and  Navy  k 

Sets,    Hand   Mirrors,   Triplicate    Mirrors,  I! 

Shaving  Mirrors,  Manicure  and  Shaving  Sets,  n 

Smokers*  Sets,  Pearl  handle  Whisk  and  Hat  ^ 

Brushes,  Cloth,  Hair,  Nail  and  Tooth  Brushes.  IJ 

q  A  select  line  of  LEATHER  TRAVELING  H 

CASES    and  shaving  outfits,   and   many  k 

SPECIAL  BRUSHES.  I! 

I 

Rctafl  Store  «  505  LIBERTY  ST.  jl 

(Empife  Building)  jj 

Bilain  Offices  and  Factory  Q 

I 


S.  f  5th  and  Bingfhain  Streets 
Pittsburg,  Pa. 


a 

i 
i 
i 

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i 

I 


THE  UNION 


The  Union  otsr  Men's  Qothing 

Stands  for  is: 

STYLE  WITH  REUABIUTY— 

GCX)DNESS  WITH  ECONOMY 

qif  you  want  the  best  clothes  sold  any- 
where, come  here  for  them — not  merely 
because  we  say  so,  but  because  you  will  see 
at  once  that  they  are  so  superior  to  ordinary 
clothes  as  to  eliminate  comparison.  ^Dressy 
Furnishings  for  Dressy  Men  at  prices  that 
don't  pinch  the  pocketbook. 


Rosenbaum  Company 

PfTTSBURG,  PA. 

Market  and  Liberty     '  Fiftli  Avenue      ||j 


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FAMOUS  SINCE  1840 


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TRADE 


MARK. 


This  Trade-Mark  is  to  Shirts  what  Sterling 
is  to  Silver— THE  STAR  SHIRT  is  of  high 
quality— accurate  fit  and  exclusive  design. 
Close  examination  of  even  the  most  minute 
details  shows  THE  STAR  SHIRT 

THE  BEST  MADE  BECAUSE  MADE  THE  BEST 

See  The  Star  Shirt  at  Any  Good  Shop 

Htitchinson,  Pierce  &  Co. 

Makers  of  THE  STAR  SHIRT 
842446  BROAD^TAY        NEV  YORK 


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tncorpor^tftd  i  g*^| 


C.  M.  BLAISDELL,  Prcs,  ind  TTcai, 
G.  A.  BLAISDELL,  VIce-Pres.  ind  Secy, 


TheS.  Blaisddljn,  Co* 

E   G  Y  P  T  I  A  N 

COTTON 

PERUVIAN 


American  Long  StapLe  a  Specialty 


Shipments  direct  to  mill  from  Egypt,  Peru, 

and  all  American  Southern  Points 


MASS. 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


737 


Ask  Your  Dealer 


FOR 


Manufactured  by 

POUGHKEEPSIE 
QUEEN  UNDERHUSLINS  CO. 

PougKReepsie,  N.  Y. 


This  is  the  Label  of  the 

Journeymen  Tailors'  Union 
of  America 


When  you  purchase  Custom 
Made  Clothing  insist  on  having 
this  Label  attached  to  each  gar- 
ment. 

JOHN  B.  LENNON, 

General  Secretary.  • 


The  Clothing,  Furnishings  and  Hats 
Made  and  Sold  by 

Browning,  King  &  Company 

All  Bear  this  Trade-mark 


These  are  their  Retail  Stores: 

I  Broadway,  at  Thirty-second  Street 
New  York-^  Cooper  Square,  opposite  Fifth  Street 

I  Brooklyn,  Fulton  Street,  at  DeKalb 
Chicago,  191  and  193  State  Street 
St.  Louis,  Broadway  and  Pine  Street 
Milwaukee,  2  to  12  Grand  Avenue 
Cleveland,  85  and  87  Euclid  Avenue 
Cincinnati,  Fifth  and  Race  Streets 
Buffalo,  S71  toS7S  Main  Street 
Boston,  407  to  41 1  Washington  Street 
Providence,  Westminster  and  Eddy  Streets 
Philadelphia,  1524  and  1526  Chestnut  Street 
Kansas  City,  Mo.,  Main  and  Eleventh  Streets 
St.  Paul,  Seventh  and  Robert  Streets 
Minneapolis,  415  to  419  Nicollet  Avenue 
Omaha,  Fifteenth  and  Douglas  Streets 

WORKSHOPS: 

16,  18,  20,  22,  24,  26  Cooper  Square,  New  York  City 


TNE 

Jo»e|)h  €^  rei»»  Co. 

MAKERS  OF 

eiotbcrafteiotbes 


Cleveland 


onto 


CORSETS 

At  Leading  Retailers 

Strouse,  Adler  &  Company 


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738 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


TRUSTS 


The    Norfolk   Bank  for  Savings  and  Trusts 

NORFOLK,  VA. 

4  per  cent  Interest  on  Savings  Deposits.    Correspondence  Invited 
Caldwell  Hardy,  President        C.  W.  Grand,  Vice-President        W.  W.  Vigor.  Cashier 


4%  paid  on  time  deposits  Organized  August  1st,  1885 

THe  Norfolk  National  Bank 

No-  3368  NorfolR,  Va.  UNITED  STATES  DEPOSITARY 

Capital        -        -        -        .    $1,000,000  Surplus  and  Profits,  Jan.  1,1907,  $545,840 

Dividends  Paid         -         -         $976,000 

CALDWELL  HARDY,  President      A.  B.  SCHWARZKOPF,  Cashier       E.  T.  LAMB,  Vice-President      W.  A.  GODWIN.  Asst.  Cashier 


ORGANIZED  I8t4 

National  Metropolitan  Bank 

OF  WASHINGTON 

15th  Street,  Opp.  U.  S.  Treasury 

Capital  $800,000 
Surplus  and  Undivided  Profits  $700,000 

E.  S.  Parker,  President 

S.  W.  Woodward,  Vice-President 
J  Gales  Moore,  Cashier 

W.  W.  W.  Parker,  Assistant  Cashier 

Accounts  of  Merchants,  Banks,  Corporations  and 
Individuals  Invited 


WM.  T.  DAVIS,  President  R.  G.  BROOKS,  Vice-Pres. 

A.  B.  EYNON  Cashier 

WEST  SIDE  BANK 

No.  109  North  Main  Ave. 

SCRANTON,  PA. 


General  Banking  Business 


Palmer  L.  Wflliams 
R.G.B^ks 
W.  T.  Davis 


DIRECTORS: 

W.  GayM  TImuus  Thos.  P.  GuHm 

W.R.WflUaffls  lplnH.WBiiaas 

RkhardRkhoOs  H.  J.  William.  E  D. 


The  Peoples  Security  Co. 

CAPITAL,  $200,000 
This  Company  is  organized  and  Incorporated  for  the 
sole  purpose  of  affording  Full  Legal  Protection  to  the 
members  of  Organized   Labor  cullectlvely   and  as 
Individuals. 

PROVIDES 
General  Counsel  to  local  Unions,  Etc 
Legal  Advice  furnished  members  and  their  families  with- 
out charge. 
Claiins  for  Personal  Injury. 

Identification  in  Case  of  Accident  by  providing  a  Badge 

and  Identification  Card,  Insuring  prompt  attention. 

FOR  ONE  DOLLAR  A  YEAR 

Brta^way-Chaskers  BilNlig,        277  Brea^way,  New  Yark 
Telephones  3180-3181  Franiilin 


MARINE  BANK  -  Norfolk,  Va. 

Capital,  »H,m      Sarplis.  mm 

DIRECTORS  OF  THE  MARINE  BANK 


James  T.  Borum 

M.  L.  T.  Divls 

B.  P.  Lovall 

K.  C.  Taylor 

W.  W.  Cnamberlaine 


OF  NORFOLK,  VA. 


J.  T.  S.  Reld 
Henry  iCirn 
W.  Une  Kelly 
J.  W.  Pcrrv 
W.  H.  Ta>  lor 


OFFICER^ 


W.  H.  Taylor       -       - 
R.  C.  Taylor,  Jr.      - 
Geo.  R.  Atkinson,  Jr. 


-     President 

-    Cashier 

Assistant  Cashier 


ARTHUR  B.  JENKINS 

Patent  Expert  and  Solicitor  U    ST.  and  Foreign  Patents,  Trade-Marks,  and  Copyrights.     Infringement  and 

Validity  Searcher  and  Opinions 

First  National  Bank  Building: No.  50  State  Street 

HARTFORD,  CONN. 

The  Washington  Loan  and  Trust  Company 

CASH  CAPITAL,  $1,000,000  SURPLUS.  $600,000 

4  BANKING  DEPARTMENT  Payi  interat  oa  depoiiti  tubiect  to  check.  Lomm  moaey  upoa  approved  real  eaUte  and  colUleral  aecadlT  at  tbr 
Loweat  Ratea  of  Intereat.  Q  TRUST  DEPARTMENT  Executes  tnuU.  acts  as  Executor  and  Adminktrator  and  ResMttar.  Cj^^m^int^  ud 
Trustee.  ^  SAFE  DEPOSIT  DEPARTMENT  RenU  Safe  Deposit  Boxes,  and  provides  stomge  for  Sihrerwaie  and  VahiaUea  b  ib  Fir*  sad 
Burvlar  Proof  Vaulu.  q  REAL  ESTATE  DEPARTMENT  Talcea  EnHr*  Chanre  of  Real  Eatate.  RentiBg.  RepainDf.  Seliiag. 
and  Insuring  Property,  Paying  Taxes.  Etc..  carefully  and  prompdy  attended  to  by  experienced  men. 
Letters  of  Credit.    Travellers'  Checks  and  Drafta  on  Foreign  Countriea  lasued. 


JOHN  JOY  ED50N 


Digitized  by 


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President 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


739 


Every  Person  Has 
Orig'inal  Ideas 

Often  Very  Valuable 

Th9  patent  lawa  profet  ImprovnfntM 


If  the  idea  is 
not  perfected, 
help  can  be 
had.  at  small 
cust,  skilled  in 
mechanism, 
and  in  the  law 
of  Patents 


For  forty  years 
THOMAS  MALL 
has  aided  in- 
ventors. Write 
him.    It  will 
be  a  record  in 
your  favor. 


The  WORKING- 
MAN  is  the  man 
to  improve 

Processes,  and 
e  should  have 
protection  for 
his  improve- 
ments, for  his 
own  benefit. 


The  cost  is  not 

f^rcat,  there 
s  seventeen 
years  for  the 
inventor  to 
profit  from  a 
patent. 


Write  to  THOMAS  HALL 

Brooklyn     '     '     ^ew  York 

Offlc;  957  Thlrtymnlnth  Strmmt 


Knife  Switches 
Panel  Boards 
Switch  Boards 

Steel 
Outlet 

and 

Switch 
^^^^        Boxes 

The  "ERICKSON'*  and  "MONITOR*' 

CONDUIT  BUSHIIMOS 

Sole  Manufacturers  and  Patentees 

Tho  Bossert  Electrical  Construction  Co. 

UTICA,  N.  Y. 


WM 


B«it  for  Bread 
Beit  Ut  CaKei 
Beit  for  Paltry 
Beit  for  your 
health 


TELL 


Beit  in  Riling 
Beit  in  Plaror 
Beit  in  Color 
Beit  in  Phoi* 
phatei 


FLOUR 


THE  ANSTED  &  BURK  CO. 


Makers  of  flour  for  40  Years 


If  your  grocer  docs  not  handle  It,  write  us 
rOR  SALC  CVCRYWHCRC 


SPRINGPIELD,  OHIO 


JOHN  SIMMONS  CO. 

thaoc 


104-1 10  Centre  Street 
New  York 


MANUFACTURERS  AND    DEALERS   OP 

RIPE     F-IXTIIMOS,    VA 
AND     3URRL.IE3         ^ 


.  V 


j^ 


FOR 


STEAM,    GAS,   WATER,    AND   OIL   ENGINEERING 


Digitized  by  VjOOQlC 


740  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

The  Citizens  Bank  of  Norfolk,  Virginia 

ORGANIZED  1867 
Capital.  $300,000.00  Surplus,  $300,000.00 

Our  coupon  certificates  of  deposit  bearing  A%  interest  issued  in  denominations  of  ^lOO,  $500,  and  |t,O00. 

are  the  most  attractive  form  of  bank  account.    Send  for  circular. 
W.  W.  MOSS,  President  T.  F.  TILGHMAN,  Cashier 

J.  W.  PERRY,  Vice-President  NORMAN  BELL,  Jr.,  Asst.  Cashier 

McD.  L.  WRENN,  Vice-President  GEORGE  J.  TWOBY,  Trust  Officer 

OOIMTOOOOOK      IVIIL.L.S      OO. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

IIMDIOO    bl-ue:    ribbeid 
UNDERWEAR    AND    HOSIERV 

RO  R   IS/I  E  rsi 

lO^-lOe  OMAUPNOY  STREE-r      ...     BOSTON 

MAY  MANTON  PATTERNS 

Have  won  their  way  into  the  best  homes  in  the  land,  because  they  are  the 
Most  Perfect  Fitting  Patterns  in  the  Market 

Right  in  Quality        Right  in  Design        Right  in  Price 

F*or  aale  by  agencies  everywhere 
AL.L.  lo  OE:rM-r3   eiaom 

A  catalogue  containing  700  designs,  lO  cents;  by  mail,  15  cents 

May  Manton  Pattern  Company  •    •.  132-142  West  27th  St,  New  YorK 

^^Dressmaking'-at-Home"" 

Jff  Monthly  Mmgmmlno  of  FaMhlonm 

10  Cents  per  copy  (Subscription  price  50  cents  per  year  includes  two  May  Manton  Patterns  free.) 

Dressmaking-at-Home  Publishing  Company      -      -      Masonic  Temple^  Chicago,  DL 

A.  G.  SPALDING  &  BROS. 

LARGEST  MANUFACTURERS  IN  THE  WORLD  OF 
OFFICIAL  ATHLETIC  SUPPLIES 

root  Ball^  Basket  5all^  Hockey^  Lacrosse 

Gymnasium  Apparatus,  Uniforms  Tor  All  Sports 


This  Trade-Mark  On  Any  Article  Athletic  is  a  Guarantee  of  Quality 

•  END  YOUR  NAME  AND  ADDRESS  TO  OUR  NEAREST  STORE  FOR  A  COPY  OF  SPALDING'S 
•   CATALOGUE  OF  SPORTS— IT'S  FREE 

IIMG  St  BR03. 

1 
C 

Digiti: 


NEW  YORK  WASHINGTON  BOSTON  KANSAS  CITY  BUFFALO  SYRACUSE 

CHICAGO  NEW  ORLEANS  MINNEAPOLIS         CINCINNATI  DENVER  MONTREAL  CAN. 

ST.  LOUIS  SAN  FRANCISCO  BALTIMORE  PHILADELPHIA         ^      PITTSBl«G  QQ^ONDON,  ENG. 


C 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


741 


LEWIS  JONES  &  SON 


Established  1849 


Undertakers 

Ne.  50  LAGIANGI  STRBIT 

BOSTON 

TILEPHOm  665  OZTOIO 


Competent    persons    always    in    attendance 
No  charge  for  use  of  our  private  chapel 


CLARKE  BROTHERS 

Wholesale  and  Retail 

Department  Stores 

318-322  N.  MAIN  AVE. 
Scranton,  Pa. 

Pittston  Avenue  and  Beach  Street  -  Scranton 
Dunmore  -  -  -  -  North  Scranton 
Olyphant Carbondale,  Pa. 

].  Baumgarten  &  Sons 

Manufacturers  of 

Scal»9  Rubber  Stam|>» 
and  8tain|>  8a|>|>lie» 


1217  Penn.  Ave.,  Washington,  D.  C. 


Penn  Store  Co. 


UMITED 


202-204  N.  Main  Avencie 
4 1 0-4 1 2  Penn  Avenue 

8CRANT0N,  PA. 

POWELL'S  PATENT  END  SQUIBS 

GJidoB  Hade.    Unioa  Stamp  on  Every  Box.) 

Improved  Safety  Ilpcket  ^o.  / 
Improved  Safety  Gas  No.  2 

A  part  of  the  Match  is  within  the  Squib;  also  with 
Patent  End.  No  seal  to  cut  oflf.  To  be  used  as  they 
are  in  the  box.    Patentee  and  Manufacturer 

JOHN  R.  POWELL,     . 

Plymouth         -         -         Pennsylvania 


"ARE  YOU  IN  A  HURRY? 


ff 


WE 


GUARANTEE 

3-Secoad  Service 
HAVE  LOW  RATES 


UTICA  HOME  TELEPHONE  CO. 

The  Nottingham  &  Wrenn  Go. 


WHOLESALE  AND  RETAIL 


Anthracite  and  Bituminous  Coal 

N.  C.  Pine  and  Cypress  Sliingies 

Celebrated  Pocahontas  Steam  Coal 


39  6ranby  Street 


-    NORFOLK,  YA. 

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742 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


■AAAAA^ 


••■■>■*>• 


We  Manufacture  a 
Complete  line  of 
Pooular  Priced 

VEHICLES 

Gutters  and  Sleighs 


1  r 


— J 


L 


Lull  Carriage  Co. 

KALAMAZOO,  MICH. 


THE  JOS.  R.  FOARD  CO. 

SHIP   BROKERS 

Steamship  and  Forwarding  Agents 

KETSER  BUILDING 
German  and  Calvert  Streets 

Cable  addresK  "Fostfd."  BALTIMORE 

• 

THE  FOARD  SHIPPING  CO.,  LTD. 

4  ST.  MARY  AXE 


1 


Cable  Address:  ''Pearlstone" 


LONDON,  E    : 


Scott's.  Watkins  and  A.  B.  C.  Codes 


NEW  YORK 

Dock  Company 


Docks,  Warehouses, 

Terminals, 

Grain  Elevators, 

Bonded  and  Free  Stores, 

Covered  and  Open  Piers 

on  the 

Brooklyn  Waterfront. 


New  York  Office 

10    BRIDGE    STREET 

Telephone,  2I30  Broad 
Brooklyn  Office 

MONTAGUE    ST.,    Cor.    Furman 

Telephone,  2902  Main 


»■■..........»■»  mil 


i 


CONNELLSVILLE 

COKE 

Furnace^  Foundry^  and   Crushed. 

YOUGHIOGHENY 

COAL 

Washington    Coal   & 
Coke  Company 

GeneralOffice,DAWSON,PA. 

Sales    Office,    C^nestoga    Bklg.  . 

PITTSBURG,  PA. 


•mmmt^nw^nw 


i 


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743 


Metropolitan  Life  Insurance 
Company 

**r^«  Company  of  the  People^ 
By  the  People^  for  the  People.'' 


Assets  Over 


$I76,A29,OI5.0A 


The  Daily  AT«rave  of  the  Company's  burineM 
duriac  1906  was: 

412  per  day  in  Number  of  Claims  Paid. 
6, 1 63  per  day  in  Number  of  Policies  Placed 
and  Paid  for. 
$1,320, 403.09  per  day  in  New  Insurance  Placed  and 
Paid  for. 
$  1 3  8,909.09  per  day  in  Payments  to  Policy-holders 
and  addition  to  Reserve. 


'i^^^< 


$81,465.58  per  day  In  Increase  of  Assets. 


^^^^^^^^^^^<* 


HERRMANN, 
AUKAM    CO. 


3  1    Thomas   Street 
NEW    YORK    CITY 


L„ 


Established  1839 


J.  M.  Jones'  Sons 


Street  Railway 
Car  Bailders 


Watervliety       -       New  York 

Formerly  West  Troy,  N.  Y. 


'^▼TTTyy^ 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


KttCtOCtttf  MtttCCCtttMH 


RICHARD  STEVENS, 
President. 


PALMER  CAMPBELL, 
Treas.  &  Secy. 
W.  H.  GOULD, 
Vlce-Pres.  &  Gcnh  Mgr. 


HobokenPaperMillCo.l! 


Manufacturers  of 


Building  Lining 
and  Manila  Paper 

Capacity y  SOfiOO  Pounds^  24  Hours        j  | 

It 

i\ 

it  EIGHTH  AND  ADAMS  STS*  \\ 
Telephone  Call,  174  Hoboken 

1 1  Hobokeriy       -       New  Jersey 


Whitmore  Manufacturing  Co. 

HOLYOKE,  MASS. 

Manufactures  Best  Grades  of 

Surface  Coated 

PAPER 

and  Card  Board 


For  Lithographers  and 
^  ^  Printers  ^  ^ 


BRYANT 

Paper  Company 

KALAMAZOO,  MICH. 

Manufacturers  of  Hlgh-Grade 


BOOK.    WRITINGS 
BONDS  &  ENVELOPE 

PAPERS 


CORRESPONDENCE  SOLICITED 


€ranc « Company 


MAKERS  OF 


Bank  Note 
Bond  and 
Parchment 
Papers 


PIONEER  MILL 
GOVERNMENT  MILL 


DALTON,     MASSACHUSETTS 

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AMERICAN  FEDERATION  1ST 


745 


MORE  THAN 


300,000 


PEOPLE  BUY 


THE 


Chicago  Daily  News 

every  day,  and  probably  more  than 

1,000,000 

read  it.    Why?  Because  they  believe 

it  prints  all  the  news  and  tells 

the  truth  about  it. 


Mahoning  and  Shenango 
Railway  and  Light  Go. 


NEW  CASTLE,  PA. 


Controls  and  Operates 

CASCADE  PARK,  New  Castle,  Pa. 
IDORA  PARK,  Youngstown,  Ohio. 


At^   ^TTT^y 


TTTT^TTT^T^    .    t    W    TTm 


fc^   A   A   A  A  < 


CHARLES  M.  PRESTON 
President 


C.  GORDON  REEL 
VIcc-Prcs.  &  GcnM  Mgr. 


KiNdSfon  Consolidated 
Railroad  Compaiiy 


OWNERS  OF 


KINGSTON  POINT  PARK 

Located  at  Kingston  Point  on 
the  Hudson  River 


The  Finest  Excursion  Grounds  in  the  East. 

L „,„^J 


FAST  LIRUTED  SERVICE 

between 

Cleveland  and  Toledo 

via 

Lake  Shore  Electric 
Railway  Company 

Cars  in  each  direction  leave 

7.30  A.  H.  and  every  three  hoars  there- 
after tmta  7.30  P.  H. 

H.  C.  Young,  G.  p.  a. 


Norw^ 


-    Ohio 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


TWIST  DRILLS 

tradb"^^  mark 

Drill  SOCKETS  | 

REAMERS 

^  ^ 

^^ 

CUTTERS 

TAPS      ^^ 

^ 

Ettabllthtd  1874 
Incorporttod1904 

'V 

1^    BITS,  &C. 

^^^^^ 

The ClevelandTwIst Drill  Co. 

^^^^^ 

CLKVKLAITD 

■^^ 

NSW  TORK 

^^^^ 

CHICAGO 

Bromo* 
Seltzer 

CURES 

HEADACHES 

*^^I0  cents  **<* 


UNITED  CLOTH  HAT  AND 
CAP  MAKERS 

OF  NORTH  AMERIOA. 

MAIN  orricc,  •e-es  cast  fourth  street. 

NEW   YORK   CITY. 


The  only  genuine  Label  indorsed  by  American 

Federation  of  Lapor  and  Organized 

Labor  in  general. 


"SAFETY" 

Insulated  Wires  and  Cables 

FOR  ALL  PURPOSES 

THE  SAFETY 

INSULATED  WIRE  AND  CABLE  CO. 

Bayonne»  N.  J. 


Mrs.  Winslow's  Soothing  Syrap 

Has  been  used  for  over  STXTT-FIYE  TEARS  by 
MILLIONS  of  MOTHERS  for  their  CHILDREN 
WHILE  TEETHING,  with  PERFECT  8UC0E88.  It 
SOOTHES  the  OHIIJ).  SOFTENS  the  OUM8.ALLAT8 
all  PAIN:  CURES  WIND  COLIC, ftnd  i«  the  best 
remedy  for  DIARRHCEA,  Sold  by  Dm^glsta  in  ererj 
part  of  the  world.  Be  sure  and  ask  f  or  **  Mrs.  Wins- 
iow*B  Soothing  Syrup,**  and  take  no  other  kind. 
Twenty-five  cents  a  bottle.  Guaranteed  under  the 
Food  and  Dmjrs  Act^une  80th.  1908.  Serial  Nnmbcr 
1008.      AN  OLD  AND  WELL  TRIED  BKMSDT. 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


747 


JUSTUS  VON  UN6ERKE,  PrMidtnt. 


C.  W.  SHAFFER.  Stc'y  and  Son.  Mgr. 

If  you  arc  not  in  favor  of  the  **  Powder  Trust" 
buy  your  dynamite  and  blasting  supplies  of  the 


ERNST  DETMOLD,  Truturtr. 


NATIONAL    POWDER    COMPANY 
353  FIFTH  AVE.  NEW  YORK  CITY 


••  Vanket  **  RateJUi  Screw  Driver  with  finger  turn  on  blade. 


*•  Yankee^  Automatic  DriU  with  Magazine  for  DriU  /bints. 


•YANKEE* 
TOOLS 


are  the  newest^  cieverestiiid 
most  satlsfictory  In  use,  tod 
the  first  to  be  offered  it  so 
reasonatilei  price  that  every 
up-to-date  mechanle  could 
buy  tools  of  their  quiUty  and 
character. 

Other  Cools  are  very  food 
tools,  but  ••Yankee'*  Tools 
are  better. 

••Yankee  ••  TooU  are  told 
byaU  leading  dealers  In  tools 
and  hardware  everywhere. 
Ask  your  dealer  to  seettiem. 


'^yanhee^  Red^roeaHng  DriO M  H^oodor  MitaL 


mloN"/5>ptlOATION*TO^''    l^IGH  AVENUE  AND  AMERICAN  STREET.  PHILADELPHIA. 


Davies  &  Thomas  Co. 


JAMES  THOMAS,  Prvst.  ROWLAND  T.  DAVIS,  Vice-Pnst. 

ROWLAND  D.  THOMAS  Treas.  and  Mfrr. 


OBO.  DAVIES,  Secy,  antf  Par.  Ait. 


EORN&  THOMAS.  Qtn'lAgent?, 
HivemtyerBulldiog, 

26  ConUndt  St.,  New  York. 

a.  7.  Tvlepbooe  406 i  Conliodt 
CiUsioquM  Telephone il8i 


Foundry  and 
Machine  Works 


CATASAUQUA,  PA. 


C  A.  WILLEY  COMPANY 
Color  Grinders 

^==     AND    ==^ 


MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Specialties  in  Camasre  and  Gtr  Paints, 
Colors,  Etc* 

Nott  and  Vefooa  Avenues 
Huntef'a  Point,       -       NEVYORKCITY. 


BERRY  BROTHERS 

LIMITED 

ESTABLISHED  1868 

Manufacturers  of  every  grade  of 

Varnish  and  Japan 

FOR  EVERY  USE  KNOWN 


Ntw  York      Phlladtlphia  Chicago 

■•■PfANltT.        M-tiWO.  4TM  gT.  4*-«0LAK«  ST. 

Boston          Baltlmort  Cincinnati 

•to  ATLANTIC  AVt-    ■•  •.  MANOVIH  iT.  410  MAIN  gT. 


St.  Louis 

Iff  M>.  4TN  ST. 

San  Francisco 

•M  MOWAIIO  ST. 


FACTORY  AND  MAIN  OFFICE,  DETROIT 
Caaadlao  Factory.  Walkenrllle,  Ont. 


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AMERICAN  FEDEBATIONIST 


Interlocking  Rubber  Tiling 


Is  noiseless,  non-slippery,  waterproof,  and 
thoroughly  sanitary,  more  durable  than  stpne 
or  earthen  tiles,  elegant  in  appearance,  manu- 
factured in  a  carefully  selected  variety  of  colors. 
Endorsed  by  the  best  architects  and  engineers. 
A  perfect  fl  jor  for  business  offices,  banking 
rooms,  court  rooms,  vestibules,  halls,  billiard 
rooms,  smoking  rooms,  cafes,  libraries, 
churches,  hospitals,  hotels,  bath  rooms, 
kitchens,  etc. 

Samples,  estimates,  and  special  designs  fur- 
nished upon  application. 

Beware  of  Infringe! s.    Pat<rnted. 
Manufactured  solely  by 

NEW  YORK  BETING  &  PACKING  Co^  UL, 
K  aod  K  Chambers  St,  New  TorL 


Right  from  the  Heart! 


THE  L.  C.  SMITH  &  BROS.TYi^EWRITER 
(WriUatf  ENTUELY  In  St^t) 

is  perfected  from  the  center  out. 

Every  usefUl  device  inbuilt  in  its 
proper  place  to  do  its  work  by  the 
shortest  cut. 

No  jumble  of  "improvements" 
boxed  in  to  keep  it  fix>m  being  seen. 
Nothing  concealed, — nothing  to  be 
ashamed  of! 

Illustrated  Catalogue  Free. 
L.  C.  SMITH  C6k  BPOS.  TYPEWRITER  CO. 
SYRACUSE,  N.  Y.,  U.  S.  A. 
Branches  in  Principal  Cities. 


BIRMINGHAM 

Is  the  Most  Progressive  City 
IN  THE  SOUTH 


And  points  with  particular 
pride  to  her  Street  Car  Ser- 
vice as  one  index  to  her 
thoroughly  modem  ways    : 


Birmingham 

Railway,  Light  &  Power 

Company 

BIRMINGHAM       -      ALABAMA 


lAGER  BEER 


BOTTLtDr^E  BREWERY 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


749 


SANDUSKY  TOOL  CO.,  SandusRr.  Ohio 

Mainifactttrttn  of 

Planes,  Plane  Irons,  Hoes,  Mallets,  Handles.  Bench  and  Hand  Screws,  Cooper  and  Cabinet  Makers' 

Tools,  Planer  Knives,  Moldint^  Bits.    All  Plane  Irons  warranted  and  guaranteed  to  be  the  Best  on  the 

Market.    If  your  nearest  dealer  does  not  handle  our  goods,  order  direct  from  the  factory. 

N«w  T«rk  OAcm:  21  WAIUN  STUET.  NEW  YORK  CITT.  U.  S.  A. 

In  ABswerinc  thi*  livorti— mont  meatioa  thi*  macasine 


New 

YorK 

Ground 

Clamp 


For  connecting  telephone  ground  wires  to  pipes  and 
cables.  Cheaper  than  a  wrapped  connection;  as  good  as  a 
soldered  connection.  Adopted  by  nearly  all  the  Bell  Tel. 
Cos.  and  most  of  the  larger  Independent  Tel.  Cos.  Samples 
free  on  application.  Write  for  list  of  other  specialties. 

YonkersSpeolslty  Co.,  Yonkers,  N.  Y.,  U.  8.  A. 

WESTERN    ELECTRIC  CO       AOENTS 

H.  C.  Roberts  Electric  Supply  Co.,  Pbflidelphia,  Pa. 


Do  Not  Replace  Your  Worn  Carpet 
With  a  New  One. 

The  new  one  will  harbor  dust  and  germs  and  will 
wear  out  just  the  same  as  the  old  one  did.  Our  Par- 
quetry, or  Hardwood  Floors,  are  beautiful,  dean, 
sanitary,  and  will  last  as  long  as  your  house.  Free 
Catalogue  No.  l5. 

Wood-Mosaic  Flooring  Co. 

Rochester.  N.  Y.       New  Albany  N.  Y. 


"RED  CROSS" 

PIPE  JOINT  COMPOUND 

Hakes  tiipit  Joints  that  sUy  tight. 
Ready  to  ase;  Clean;  Never  hardens. 
Joints  come  apart  easily,  and  every 
can  Is  warranted  to  do  all  we  claim, 
simply  gl¥«  It  A  trUI.  th«B  yom  wlU  ksow 
Its  Tmlm*.         SaaplM  tt—. 

IShe  EDGCCOMBC   CO. 

Cmrmkag.  Fall*.  OhI. 


CALCIMO 

The  Painters'  Cold  Water  Kalsomine 


because  it  is  bound  vnih  hide  stock 
animal g-lue,  and  is  readily  soluble  in 
cold  water.  Calcimo  requires  no  ice 
in  summer  nor  stove  in  winter.  It 
jells  on  the  hottest  summer  day,  and 
docs  not  go  too  stiff  for  spreading 
during  the  cold  weather.  Calcimo 
covers  well  one  coat,  can  be  recoated 
when  necessary,  and  spreads  easily. 
Kalsominers  and  decorative  painters 
find  it  less  expensive  than  any  other 
kalsomine— also  that  it  gives  satisfac- 
tory results. 

THE  MURALO  COMPANY 

New  Brighton,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y. 

BRANCH  OFFICES  AND  WAREHOUSES: 
24-26  Market  St.,       •       -  Chica|«,  111. 

322  W.  GenetMC  St.,       •       •       Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
Cor.  Battery  and  Filbert  Sta.,    •       San  Franeiaco,  Cal. 


Get  The  BRUSH  That's 
GUARANTEED 

MAOE    iV 

TheRUBBERSET  BRUSH  COMPANY 

NEWARK,  N.  J. 


The  BRISTLE  Won't  Come 
Out  I    25  and  50  Cents 
^^■1  all  Dealers. 


DigitizMD^ 


750 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


CARLO  CR 
PACKINGS 


'Writ*  for  Catalotfu*  No.  88 

THE  GARLOCK  PACKING  CO. 

Head  Office  and  Factoiy  •  PALHTSA.  N.T* 
•raBchM  iB  aU  FrinclpU  CMm 


HUNDY 
ENGINES 


For  All  PtArposes 

Mud  Dredging 
Dock  Building 
Coal  Hoisting 
Bridge  Erecting 
Pile  Driving 
Mining 

see  Wttwwkt  Styl«t  Quarrying 

Send  for  Catalogue 

J.  S.  MUNDY 

/n  Succmfut  Optratlon  as  ITmara 

S2  to  34  Prospect  St.,  Ne'warR,N.J. 


Reciprocity! 

BUY 
UNION  STAMP 

..SHOES.. 

the  best  made 


Buy  shoes  made  with  the  Union  Stamp. 
A  guarantee  of  good  wage  conditions  and 
well  treated  shoe  workers.  No  higher  in 
cost  than  shoes  without  the  Union  Stamp. 

INSIST 

upon  having  Union  Stamp  Shoes.  If  your 
dealer  cannot  supply  you  write 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers'  Union 

246  Summer  Street  ::  Boston,  Mass. 


John  W.  Masury  &  Son 

f^atntd  an6 
IDarnisbee 


New  York      Chicago 

HART  &  GROUSE 
COMPANY 

Royal  Boilers 

AND 

New  York 
Radiators 


BRANCHESs 

NEW  YORK  -  235  Water  Street 
CHICAGO  -        -         79  Lake  Street 

COLUMBUS  -  Poplar  and  Heof  7  Streets 
DALLAS  -  -  -  659  Bin  Street 
MINNEAPOLIS     742  Lumber  Exchange 

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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


751 


M  OK 


The  first  brand  of  Union 
Tobacco  ever  produced 

SAVE  LABEL  FRONTS  FOR  PREMIUMS 


HENGEL  BOX  COMPANY 

ManufaAurers  of 

Pails  and  Boxes 


Louisville 


Kentucky 


Where  intelligent  and 
honest  labor  is  em- 
ployed, good  material 
used,  the  result  must 
be  evident,  as  is  the 
case  with  all  brands 
I     brewed  by  the     | 

CHATTANOOGA    -    TENN. 


DICE  ne.  ILWITS  USED. 


5 


THE         ^    ^ 

BAR-KEEPERS 

Cfrieno", 


HIGHEST  AWARD 

World'5  Pair,  Chicago 

1893 

St  Louis,  1904 


BAR  FIXTURES, 
DRAIN  BOARDS 

Tin,  XLno,  Sr j«9,  COfip«r. 
Mlehel  a  nil  « II  Kltch«n  and 

PiAtvd  Ut«n«Lifl* 
GlAftB,  Wootf,  M«rl>{*,  For- 


£EORCc  WW.  MO  rr  MA  ft. 


M  BlR^miS'  FBIEia. 


Sold  by  Dealers 

All  Over  the  World 

Pricea,  10  and 

35  Cents 


CLARK  &  WILKINS, 

KINDLING  WOOD, 

DRV    HICKORY    WOOD    FOR   OPEN    FIRES   FOR 
HOME    USE. 


ELEVENTH  AVE.,  COR.  WEST  24TH 
FOOT  OF  EAST  128TH 


IMEW  VORK, 


IM.  V. 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


TRAZER  AXLE  6REA^ 

B£ST  IN  THE  WORLD 

NO  WELL  EQUIPPED  STABLE 
SHOULD  BE   WITHOUT 


FraitT  Axlt  Grease. 
Frazer  Harness  Oil. 
Frazer  Harness  Soap. 


Fraxer  Stock  Food. 

Fraier  Hoof  Ot 

Ftazer   Axi»  ( 


fRAZEl!  LUBIEICATOe  COMPANY. 

CHICAGO  ST.   LOUIS  NEW  YOl 


^tfm 


Goodyear 
Lumber  Compan) 

Business  Ejtibll5hed  1 67^ 
Manufadurcra  of  P«nn»fltinl]t  WKlte  H«nlo«ll 

LUMBER 

Mills  an  Suflftio  and  Stiiftu»lii'iA«  ftftilro«4> 

I  CAPACirr,  800,000  feet  per  DAf 

GENERAL  OFFICE: 

950  Ellicott  Square, 
BUFFALO,  N.  Y. 


NewYorkOfiicei 

3  MjMDEN  lane. 


Ask  Your  Jcweief  tor 

S.O.BIGNEY 
&  CO.'S 

GoId-Fillcd  Chains* 
Thc7  are  Reliable* 

Factory : 
ATTLEBORO.  MASS. 


Digitized  by  0005 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


753 


The  Henry  Geiershofer 


Clothing  Co. 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 


High-Grade  ClotHing^ 

^LL  UNION  MADE 


Northeast  Comer  Seventh 
and  Plum 


Cincinnati,  Ohio 


THE 
FAIRBANKS  COMPANY 

fiREY  IRON  FOUNDERS 

Manufacturers  of 

CUSTOM  CASTINGS 
LATHES,  PIANO  PLATES 

and  a  Complete  Line  of 

LATHE,  PLANER  AND 
SHAPER  TOOLS 

SPRiNOFIELD,  OHIO 


tf)  THE  CREW  ©^ 
4lUiniC<'R\aFlC 
TEftOONR^NY 


PURE 


TEAS,  COFFEES 

Extracts 

Spices,  Baking  Powder 

and 

GROCERIES 


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7S4 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


O  O  O  D      \A/  I  S 


S      FROM 


Kaufmann  Brothers 


Hi 


II 


THE  BIG  STORE 

648    BROADWAY 
NEW  YORK 


SMITHFIELD  STREET,  FROM  5tm  AVENUE  TO  DIAMOND  STREET 
PITTSBURGH,  PA. 


COCHRANE 

CHEMICAL    CO. 


ALEXANDER  COCHRANE 


Presidcflt 


MANUFACIURER5  AND 
IMPORTERS      OF 

Chemicals 


BUSINESS  FOUNDED  IN  1845 

^Q^s  ^^  EVERETT,  MASS. 


Barnbam  I1itcbing« 
PiersoD  Com|iaDy 

Designers^  Manufacturers  and 

Builders  of  Horticultural 

Structures 


Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in  Greenhouse 

Lumber    and    Structural    Materials, 

Greenhouse    Heating    and 

Ventilating  Apparatus 


•rricc: 

Sf.  Jame»  Bide-    -     NFW  YORK 


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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


7SS 


Union  Men  Should  Use  High-Grade 
"UNION-MADE" 

SMOKING  TOBACCO 

That  bears  the  **Union  Label" 
"EDGEWORTH''— Plug  Slice 

**OBOID'— Granulated  Plug 
"SENSIBLE'— Sliced-Plug 

Quality  of  these  brands  y„p  Vcdv  Rcct 

is  guaranteed  to  be  *  "t:  VfcKY  Dfcbl 


Hossendale-Reddaway   Belting 
tt  Hose  Co        -        Newark,  N.  J. 


HAIR  BElJINGi 


)THE  CAMEL 


Sole  Manafiictarers  In  United  States  of 
The  ««Camel"  Hair  Belt 


Send  for  catalog  5SS 

Buckets 

Turnover  and  Bottom  Dumping  Buckets 
for  Contractors  and  Coal  Dealers 

Manufactured  by 

G.  L.  STUEBNKR 

Iron  Works 

12tK  St.  and  Division  Ave 
I..  I.  Citr*  N.  Y. 


One  Dollar  per  Year 


For  this  sum  we  give  complete  protection  in 

all  law  matters  to  LABOR  UNIONS 

and  THEIR  MEMBERS  and  Members'  Families 

ONI.Y 

People's  Legal  Co. 

Old  South  Building 

BOSTON,  MAS3. 


One  Dollar  per  Year 


It  is  caUed  ^^BRONCO^^ 

It  is  a  Pale,  Palatable 
Pure  Product 

From  a  Union  of  Superior  Grades  of  Hops  and 
Malt  in  the  Brew  Kettle  of 

The  Consumers  Brewing 
Company 

Of  Norfolk  and  Vicinity 

It  is  served  at  all  Buffets  and  Restaurants  on 

the  Warpath  at  the  Jamestown 

Exposition  in  pint  bottles — cold  to  the  touch — 

for  a  small  monetary  consideration 


If  warm  or  weary,  tired  or  thirsty,  request 
a  bottle  of  "Bronco  Beer" 


ylilzud  by 


Coogft 


756 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


FOR  SUPERIOR  STYLE  AND 
ELEGANCE  BUY 

''Ham's  Goods" 

MADE  of  the  BEST  MATERIAL  and  PERFECT 
COMBUSTION  GUARANTEED 


We  make  the  Finest  Line  of  Tubular  Lanterns  and 
Lamps  of  Every  Description 


C-  T,  Ham  Manufacturing  Company 
Rochester,  New  York 

Zipp's  Flavoring  Extracts 


The  Itind  that  '  last 
longer  and  flavor  better 
than  any  other  kind. 
They  are  strong  and  pure. 
Those  who  prefer  the 
best  use  ZIPP'S 

At  all  Grocers 


THE  ZIPP  MANUFACTURING  CO. 

CLEVELAND 


Alonzo  E.  Deitz 

Manufacturer  of  Patented 

Locks  and   Latches 


Tubular  Rim  Ni; ht  Latches, 
Mortise  Night  Utches, 
Tubular  Store  Door  Locks, 
Mortise  Store  Door  Locks, 
Bronze  Metal  Pad  Locks, 
Cast  Brass  Drawer  Locks, 
Wrought     Brass     Drawer 

Locks, 
Se"  f  •  Locki  ng  Dra  werLocks 
Locks  for  vaults.  Safety 
Deposit,  and   Inside  Safe 

Boxes 
WITH  FLAT  AND  ROUND  KEYS 
J.  C.  McCarly  &  Co  ,  Agts. 
10  Warren  St.,     New  York 

Factory,  Nos.  73  and  75 
'"*  -mer  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


JenkinsBros.  Valves 


Are  all  made  of  high-jjrade 
steam  metal,  have  inter- 
changeable  parts  and  full 
opening. 

Our  new  EXTRA  HEAVY 
valves  for  high  steam  and 
hydraulic  pressures  arc  the 
heaviest  valves  of  this  class 
on  the  market. 


All 


hvK 


ar*  Absolutely  GuaraAt««^ 

WRITE  FOR  BOOKLETS 

JENKINS  BROTHERS 

New  York    Boston    Philadelphia   Chicaj^o    London 

Empire 
Moulding  Works 


Rochester 

N.r. 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


757 


The 
Petersburg  Silk  Mill 

SCRANTON,  PENNA. 


C  D.  Snimbr,  Pres. 
K.  S.  Shimer,  Treas. 


A.  R.  Baxteh,  VIcc-Prcs. 
A.  Bon  HEY,  Secy. 


The  BANGOR  SLATE  CO. 

QUABRYING  AND  MANUFACTURING 

Genuine  Bangor  Unfading 
Black  Roofing  Slate 

From  tli«  l«ttl  Baatfsr  Qvarry 

Uriialt,  Steyt,  PUtfmt.  Waliicttlif,  FIrekMris,  Hack* 
btarit,  %wi  all  kMt  af  Plnbert'  u4  Stridiral  Slate 

Bangor       -       -  .  Pennsylvania 


WORKERS, 

SUBSCRIBE  FOR  THE 

American  Federationist 

AND  SECURE  OTHER  SUBSCRIBERS 

It  is  Your  Magazine 

IT  DEFENDS  YOUR   INTERESTS  AND  ADVOCATES  YOUR  CAUSE  AGAINST 
THAT  OF  ANY  OTHER  BODY  ON  EARTH. 

A  Liberal  Commission  on  Write  for  Terms. 

all  Subscriptions  sent  in.  Why  don't  You  Become  an  Agent? 

The  American  Federationist 

Is  on  Sale  on  Every  News  Stand.  If  you  fail  to  see  it  on  your  News  Stand 

ASK  THE  REASON  WHY. 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


758 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  Chandler  4r  Price 

CUTTER 


MANUFACTURED  BY 


THE  CHAMDLEJt  <$«  PRICE 
COMPANY 

CLEVELAND,  OHIO 

FOR  SALE  BY  ALL  DEALERS 


The  Hall 

Signal 

Company 


LONDON— 28  Victoria  Street^  Westminster,  S. 
BRUSSELS— 25  Rue  (TEdinbtsTgh,  Belgium 
PARIS— 20  Rue  Lafayette 


Gmnmral  Offie^m: 

25  Broad  St.,  MEW  YOHK,  N.  Y. 

W0sf0rn  Office: 

1425  Monadnock,  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


Ocorr  &  Rugg  Company 


MANUFACTURERS 

WHOLESALE  AND 

RETAIL 

OF 


All  Kinds  of 

MUl  Work 


a» 


Rochester  -  -  NEW  YORK 


HARTFORD  EKdNE  WORKS,  Ha[t(ir<,Cm, 

M.  K.  L.EE 

Sales  agent  for  Improved  Buckeye  Engines.  Contractor 
for  Complete  Power  Plants.  Engines  Indicated  and  power 
measured.  High  Pressure  Boilers,  Belt  Pumps,  and  FeeU 
Water  Heaters,  Automobile  and  Portable  Engines  and  Saw 
Mills,  Kerosene  Engines. 

OFRCE  AND  WORKS,  223  STATE  STREET-P.  0.  Bm7» 

Long  Olstancs  T«leph«n«  1402-5 
Prices  Subject  to  Change  without  Notice.    All  agree- 
ments made  contingent  upon  Strikes,  Fires,  Accidents,  or 
Causes  beyond  our  Control. 

Cable  Address,  Engine  Works,  W.  U.  Gods 
Special  Attention  given  to  the  Repairing  Hartford  and 
Buckeye  Engines.  Woodruff  &  Beach  Engines,  and  Steam 
Engines  of  All  Builds.  Cylinders  Bored;  also  Valve  Seats  of 
Cylinders  Planed  in  Position  by  Special  Machinery  Without 
Removing  from  Bed. 

I  I 

HUTHER  BROS. 

RAXENX   DADO    HEAD 

226-231  Mill  St.,  Rochester,  n.  Y. 

PatcDt  Oroover  or  Dado  Nead 

The  Groovers  are  arranged  in  Sets  as  follows: 

No.  I  Set cuts  >^  to    ^  by  >i  inches 

No.  2  Set cuts  ><  to    H^y  H  inches 

No.  3  Set cuts  >^  to    ^  hy  ^  inches 

No.  4  Set ., cuts  yi  to  \     by  T^  inches 

No.  5  Set cuts  >|  to  i}4  by  ^  inches 

No.  6  Set cuts  }ito2     by  ^4  inches 

Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


759 


THE  SEAGRAVE  COMPANY  ns^^/!5ai.'SX5.'li'clJit?:^^^ 

Aerial  Track*.  Water  Tower.  Chemical  Ea - 
sine*.  Hoce  WagoiM,  City  Senrice  Hook  and 
Ladder  Tracks,  Truased  Truck  Frame*. 
TruMod  Ladders— The  best  the  world  OTor 
•aw.  but  not  in  any  kind  of  Trust  or  Combi- 
nation. 
The  products  of  The  Seagrave  Company 
^*'  have  developed  the  best  efforts  of  imitators 
but  none  have  equalled  their  high  standard. 
The  annual  approximation  will  go  much 
further  if  Municipal  Officials  will  ALWAYS 
ask  The  Seagrave  Company  to  submit  esti- 
mates and  bids  on  their  specifications. 


The  Oldest  Company  in  the  Business 


COLUMBUS,  OHIO 


The  West  Lumber 
4^  Manufacturing  Co. 


Dealers  in 


LUMBER  of  All  Kinds 
Shingles,   Lath,   Etc.,   Etc. 

Manufacturers  of  Doors,  Sash,  Blinds, 
Mouldings.  Turned  Work,  Packing 
Cases,  and  Concrete  Building    Blocks 


Office  and  Yard: 

Cor.  River  and  HanoverSts.,  Plymouth,  Pa. 

MMBROSB  WEST,  Proprietor 


'Demuth 

Glass  Manufadluring 

Company 


Newton  Creek, 
Brooklyn,    E .    2> 
M.  Y. 


PROVIDENCE 
BKEWIMG    COMPANY 


Providence 

Rhode  Island 


Digitized  by 


1 

Google 


760 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


SCHOELLKOPF  &  COMPANY 

BUFFALO,  NEW  YORK 

TANNERY   OF  ^HEEP   LEATHER 

FOR   THE 
Boot  and  Shoet  Glove  and  Mitten,  Bag;  and  Case,  Saddkty  and  Harnen,  Coat  and  Robe,  and  Specialty  Trades 


TeleplioDe.  1565  BedTonl 
Copyrighted  Brands 

American  Field 
Forests  Stream 
Blaniey  Stone 

Chas.  H.  Eggert 
&Bro. 

Makers  of 


Union  Cigars 

I5I2-I5U  Atlantic  Aye,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 


Stewart's  i-ynag-y-yi  Safety  Pins 

DUPLEX  ^ 

FUiw  dw  moA  ciedifte  ffwid  to  mevcnt  cHrHng  or  teadiis  of  mIeiuJ 
TIm  WorM'«  Standard  of  Perf^tioa— Stewart* •  Dai>l«x 

NkUe-PUle 
•ndJet-OMk 


Write  to  Ex- 
porten  or  to  m 
ioc  Samiili  I  «nd 


MiiwificlmBU  only  by 
Safatsr  Pia  Co..  Bloomfiold.  N.  J..  U.  S.  A. 

New  York  Office:  473  Broadway 


UNION  LABEL 
of  th« 


UNITED 
HAHERS 


OP    NORTH    AMERICA. 

WHEN  yon  are  tmyln;  a  PUR  HAT.  either  soft  or  stiff 
^^  see  to  it  that  the  Genuine  Union  Label  is  sewed  In  lf> 
The  Genuine  Union  Label  is  perforated  on  the  four  edf» 
eiactly  the  same  as  a  posn; e  stamp.  If  a  retailer  n» 
loose  labels  in  his  possession  and  offers  to  put  one  in  a  hait 
for  you,  do  not  patronize  him.  Loose  labels  In  retail  stores 
are  counterfeits.  Unpnndpled  manutecturers  are  usl«e 
them  in  order  to  ^et  rid  of  their  scab-made  hats.  Thr^ 
lohn  B.  Stetson  Co.^  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Is  a  ooo-unkRi 

JOHN  A.  IIOPPITT,  Pnsldeot. 

MARTIN  LAWLOR,  Secretary,  Oranf  •,  N.  J. 

II  WaTerly  Place,  New  Yorli  City. 


Richardson   Brothers 

PAPER  &  TWINE  MERCHANTS 
Union  Standard  Backlining 

51  &  53  FRANKLIN  STREET 
Telephone,  i6q5  PR  AN  KLIN  NEW  YORK 


Established  1876 


Telephone,  753  Fbawkliw 


l_.  A.  ROCKNA^ELl- 

9  Elizabeth  Street,  NEW  YORK 

Manufacturer  of  Plain  and  Artistic  Biscuit  Cutters,  Cracker 
and  Bread  Machinery.  Improved  Reel  Ovens  of  all  Sizes. 
Mixers  for  Mixing  any  Mixaoie  Material.  Plain  and  Jacketed 
Mixers  for  Confectioners'  Use  a  Specialty. 

The  Hunt  &  Dorman  Mfg.  Co. 

Sheet  Metal  Stamping  and 
Die  Making 

2102-2110  Sapeflof  Aw.  W.  E.  CLEVEIillD,  0. 

JOSEPH  BECK  &  SONS 

Established  1866 

Distillers  and  Blenders  of  Fine  Whiskies 

85  Ninth  Avenue,  NEW  YORK 

DISTILLERIES:  Baltimore,  Md.,  Registered  No.  29;  Reading, 
Pa  ,  First  District,  Registered  No.  39. 

"Our  Union"  Overalls 

NONE  BETTER 

Sold  •vrywhere  for  7Sc,  Guayant— d  aoTor 
Hp.  A  trial  makes  a  Mead  for  "  OOTT  UNION  ** 
OVERALLS.  See  name  on  botloa.  "OUR 
UNION"  H.L.1IB. 

Mfgd.  by  M.  LOEWENSTEIN  ft  BRO. 

428-432  Broadway,  Now  TorR 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  761 


FLEISCHMANN'S 

COMPRESSED  YEAST 
HAS  NO  EQUAL 


Digitized  by 


Google 


762  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


^^Union^made  Gloves  and  Mittens  by  Mail' ' 

You  can  SAVE  MONEY  by  wearing  our  GLOVES  and  MITTENS.  PRICES  arc  RIGHT 
and  MATERIAL  is  the  BEST.  You  will  find  no  seams  around  the  THUMBS  of  our  goods, 
which  insures  you  much  longer  wear.     Prices  as  follows: 

Grain  Reindeer  Glove,  gauntlet  or  short  wrist,  $1.00 
Grain  Horsehide  Glove,  gauntlet  or  short  wrist,  85c. 
Grain  Reindeer  Mitten,  $1.00;  Horsehide  Mitten,  85c. 

No  extra  charge  for  lining.  To  order  gloves  lay  hand  flat  on  paper,  fingers  extended,  and  trace  around 
with  pencil  and  MAIL  TO  US  with  money-order,  stating  material  and  style  wanted,  and  samt  will  be  mailed 
to  your  home.    GIVE  US  A  TRIAL. 

BROTHERHOOD  GLOVE  CO.,  Battle  CreeK,  Mich. 

r*^ — -■" — ■"' — '■''■ — '" — ■'■ — '■"■ — '■*■ — n 

DO  YOU  WANT  GOOD  RELIABLE 

RUBBERS? 

If  you  want  Rubber  Boots  and  Shoes  of  High  Quality  and  Established 
Reputation,  Rubbers  that  will  Wear  and  Satisfy,  ask  your  Dealer  for 
any  of  these  Brands: 

AMERICAN     BOSTON  RUBBER  SHOE       CANDEE 
MEYER  WALES-GOODYEAR  WOONSOCKET 

These  are  all  Famous  Old  Brands*  Most  of  them  have  been  on  the  market  over 
fifty  yearsy  and  every  pair  is  stamped  with  its  name*    They  are  sold  by  the 

UNITED  STATES  RIBBER  COMPANY 

I    And  by  100,000  Shoe  Dealers  all  over  the  United  States. 
1-.^ :: :.: :. .~. :.: :,: :,: ^.J 

Ball  WatcHes 

Built  in  light,  healthy  shops,  by  well-  , 

paid,  skilled  labor— you  know  that  means  . '   iE^TS^  llALl^f^'Ir  n!f'r^^T*^R[)  i 

best-quality  product.      Try  an  "Official  y^BBMlM  ^-5"'lJAllRlIviAVA]r,ll  -  'H 

R.  R,  Standard"  for  a  year— if  you're  -^HMiW^^J/    bail  auao-«<.  ^^^t^^o 
not  delighted  you  get  your  money  back.  '""^^^*S:^S<^     '^"'%\°;?w?;'iV=.,««  .^o. 

ao«»-ao«-ao« 

Send  for  Booklet  and  name  of  reliable  dealer  in  your  city  handling  the  Ball  Watches. 

THE  WEBB  C.  BALL  WATCH  CO. 

Cleveland  CKicago 

BAI^I^  'WATCHKS    ARC   THK    RAXI^ROAD    STANDARD   ^LC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


763 


HAVE  YOU  GOT  IT? 

If  not 

Get  the  Habit 


^^  Special  Order''  or  Made-to-Measure  Clothing  Bears  this  Label 


SPECIAL  OROCR 


OKTOOPrOg^W 


READY-MADE   CLOTHING,  SHIRTS,  OVERALLS 

WHITE  DUCK  GOODS  AND  APRONS 

BEAR  THIS  LABEL 


If  Union-Made  the  Label  Should  be  in  the  Pocket  of  Each 
Garment  Sewed  in  by  Machine 


UNITED  GARMENT  WORKERS 
OF  AMERICA 


116-117  BIBLE  HOUSE 


NEW  YORK 

niaiti7R(1hy\iOOg 


764 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Th«  M«al  GarmMto  f«r  Partf  cmlar  H«b 

Scientifically  constructed  with  an 
elastic  insertion  thatmakes  them  fit  and 
makes  them  comfortable  at  all  times. ' 

The  Scrivcn  Improved  Elastic  Seam 
Drawers  are  made  in  a  variety  of  popular 
Fabrics,  in  full  and  knee  lengths.  For 
sale  by  good  haberdashers  generally. 

Send/or  booklet  today  describing  the  various 
styles.  This  booklet  also  contains  a  com^ehen' 
stve  treatise  on  Physical  Culture  for  the  busy 

business  man.    IPs  free. 
J.  A.  SCUYBM  CO.,  S«l«  MaBufactarvn, 
16-lS  East  15tk  Str^t,        -       M«w  T«rk 


ANY    ANALYSIS    OF 


Invariably  becomea  an  endoraement  of  thia 
moat    dclicioua,    refreahing    of    bevermgea. 


Columbus  Laboratorie*. 
8ute  Street,  Chicago,  111. 
Coca-Cola  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

Qcntlemea:  We  beg  to  report 
result  of  analysis  of  Coca-Cola 
made  from  packai^  purchased  ia 
the  open  market.  After  careful, 
exhaustive  analjrsis  for  cocaine 
and  alcohol,  we  failed  to  find  any 
trace  of  either.  The  amount  of 
caffein  found  in  Coca-Cola  aa 
prepared  for  one  glass  is  less 
than  half  the  amount  contained 
in  a  cup  of  average  strength 
coffee. 

Respectfully, 

J.  A.  WISENER. 


5    CENTS 

EVERYWHERE 


Morse  Twist  Drill  &  Machine  Co. 

NEW  BEDFORD,  iMASS..  U.  5.  A. 

A  Good  Investment 

BUY  TAPS  and  DIES 
made  by  the 

HORSE  COHPANT 

also 

Drills,  Reamers, 

Chucks,  Cutters, 

Arbors, 

Countersinks, 

Counterbores, 

Gauges,  Mandrels, 

Metal  Slitting  Saws 

Shell  End  Mills, 

Taper  Pins,  Screw 

Plates  with  Dies, 

Sockets,  Sleeves, 

Tap  Wrenches 

and 

Machinists'  Tools 

SEND  FOR  CATALOG 


Save  dollars 


THE! 


N5  RKI^-OHI  5^**!*-TI*lTE 

A  great  m&n^  Broth erlioo4l  men  mre 
just  waking  up  to  the  f»ct  tli#t  for  rsilro^d- 
ing  |K«  F.  P.  SftTifent  Clove  b  infiikitclr 
ftupcrior  to  any  other  worldi&g  glove  oil 
the  mfrrkeL 

DETROIT  I  EATHER  (^PECMLTY  C^.J'^ 


DETROfTi 


miCKIOAN 


Diyiiizuu  Uy 


OOgLC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  76s 


Smoke 

WHITE  ROLLS  CIGARETTES 


The  only  Independent  Union-Made  Cigarettes 
made  in  Virginia  or  North  Carolina 


WARE-KRAMER  TOBACCO  COMPANY 

Norfolk,  Va. 


Is  Your  Street  Paved  ? 

q  If  it  isn't,  don't  you  want  the  ComfortJ  ^  Good 
Street  Pavement  will  give  You  ? 

qXalk  with  your  Neighbors  about  it  and  then — 


QAsk  the  proper  officials  to  pave  it  with 
BITULITHIC— it  is  more 
Pleasing  and  THE  BEST. 


BITULITHIC— it  is  more  Durable,;  more 


SOUTHERN  BITULITHIC  COMPANY 

NASHVII.I.E,  TENN. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQL 


766 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


BILLIARD  and  POOL  TABLES 

BAR  FIXTURES 

BOWLING  ALLEYS 

ALL  OUR  GOODS  ARE  MADE  BY 

SKILLED  UNION  MEN 

and  bear  the 

UNION  LABEL 


4 


The 

BmnswicK-BalKe-CoUender 

Company 

227-229  FOURTH  AySNini 
N«w  T«rt  City 


This  is  the  Label  of  the 

Journeymen  Tailors'  Union 
of  America 


When  you  purchase  Custom 
Made  Clothing  insist  on  having 
this  Label  attached  to  each  gar- 
ment. 

JOHN  B.  LENNON, 

General  Secretary. 


POWER  SERVICE 


You  can't  write  letters  and  shovel  coal  at  the 
same  time.  You  can't  g^ve  proper  attention  to 
the  important  details  of  your  business  and  at  the 
same  time  be  annoyed  by  the  petty  troubles  of  a 
private  power  plant. 

You  can  sell  us  your  products  cheaper  than  we 
can  make  them — we  can  sell  you  Electric  Power 
for  less  money  than  it  costs  you  to  generate  it. 

If  your  power  plant  is  located  in  Philadelphia, 
we  will  make  all  preliminary  tests  and  estimates 
free  of  charge.     May  we  serve  you? 

The  Pbiladel|>bia  Electric  Co. 

Tenth  and  Cbe»tiMit  8treet» 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


767 


The  Prudential  Policy 

Will  provide  family  independence  for  the  future.  Funds  for  education  of 
children.  Freedom  in  use  of  present  Income  and  Capital.  Cash  for. later 
needs,  and  many  other  advantages.    You  want  the  best  in  Life  Insurance. 

The  Prudential  has  the  best  for  you.    Write  lor  Information  of  Policies     Dept.  112. 

The  Prudential  Insurance  Company  of  America 

Incorporated  as  a  Stock  Company  by  the  State  of  New  Jersey 
JOHN  F.  DRYDEN,  Pres't  HOME  OFFICE,  Newark,  N.  J. 


SANDUSKY  TOOL  CO.,  SandtisRy,  Ohio 

Manufacturers  of 

Planes,  Plane  Irons,  Hoes,  Mallets,  Handles,  Bench  and  Hand  Screws,  Cooper  and  Cabinet  Makers' 

Tools,  Planer  Knives,  Molding  Bits.    All  Plane  Irons  warranted  and  guaranteed  to  be  the  Best  on  the 

Market.    If  your  nearest  dealer  docs  not  handle  our  goods,  order  direct  from  the  factory. 

Mow  York  OflcMs  21  WAnXM  STIKBT,  HEW  TOIK  CITY,  V.  S.  A. 

la  answarinc  this  adTartisanient  mantion  this  macazina 


New 

YorK 

Ground 

Clomp 


For  connecting  telephone  ground  wires  to  pipes  and 
cables.  Cheaper  than  a  wrapped  connection;  as  good  as  a 
soldered  connection.  Adopted  by  nearly  all  the  Bell  Tel. 
Cos.  and  most  of  the  larger  Independent  Tel.  Cos.  Samples 
free  on  application.  Write  for  list  of  other  specialties. 

YonlcersSpeoialtyCo..  Yonkers.  N.Y..  U.S.A. 

WESTERN   ELECTRIC  CO      AQENTS 

H.  C.  Robtrtt  Elsctric  Supply  Co..  PhMadelphia.  Pa. 


Do  Not  Replace  Your  Worn  Carpet 
With  a  New  One. 

The  new  one  will  harbor  dust  and  germs  and  will 
wear  out  just  the  same  as  the  old  one  did.  Our  Par- 
quetry, or  Hardwood  Floors,  are  beautiful,  clean, 
sanitary,  and  will  last  as  long  as  your  house.  Free 
Catalogue  No.  15. 

Wood-Mosaic  Flooring  Co. 

Rochester.  N.  Y.       New  Albany  N.  Y. 


"RED  CROSS" 

PIPE  JOINT  COMPOUND 

HaKes  tight  JoInU  that  stay  tight. 
Ready  to  ate;  Clean;  Never  hardens. 
Joints  come  apart  easily,  and  every 
can  is  warranted  to  do  ali  we  claim, 
simply  tflTO  It  %  trUl.  thon  jo«  wUl  Kbow 
Its  ▼%!«•.  Smmplot  froo. 

^/>e  EDGCCOMBC   CO. 

Cay>h«te  PaUi.  0M« 


SHAVING  BRUSHES 


The  BRISTLE  Won't  Come 
Ootl  25  and  50  Cents 
ftt  all  Dealers. 


Get  The  BRUSH  That's 
GUARANTEED 

>l,  4PF    Til' 

The  RUBBERSET  BRUSH  COMPANY 

NEWARK,  N.  J. 


768 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


lifdillKilll!! 


DETROIT  HOME  OF  THE  CARHARTT 


Digiti^d^VjOOVlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


769 


UNION  MADE  GLOVES  andOVERALL  UNIFORMS' 
Fi/a/fipe<fP/a/7fp/'/ysA//7<f//7f/ielV0r/(f 


Digitized  by  Vji 


>ogle 


770 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


T«l»»h«M  46M  Cwllwi« 

Gi^NUINE 

Rosendale  Cement 


MANUFACTURED  BY 


Consolidated  Rosendale  Cement  Co. 

F.  N.  STRANAHAN,  Sales  Agent 
26  Cortland  Street,  New  York  City 


LINEN  COLLARS 

and  CUFF5 

ARB  STAMPED 

••Warranted  Linen" 

ARE    VOURS? 


Union  Men  Should  Use  High-Grade 
"UNION-MADE" 

SMOKING  TOBACCO 

That  bears  the  ••UnionILabel" 
"EDGEWORTH' — Plug  Slice 
^•OBOID"— Granulated  Plug 
"SENSIBLE"— Sliced-Plug 

Quality  of  these  brands  -r„p  Vcpv  RpQT 

is  guaranteed  to  be  1  Hb  V  bK Y  Dbb  I 


Rossendale-Reddaway   Belting 
tt  Hose  Co        -        Newark,  N.  J. 


mCAMELf(RF)HAIRBailllS§ 


Sele  Hanolkctarers  in  United  Steles  ef 
The  ««Caiiier  Heir  Belt 


sr\ 


Quaranteed  under  the 
Pure  Feed  and  Drugs 
Act,  June  30,   1906. 

BOXXI.ED    IIM    BONO 

Joel   B.   Frazier  Whiskey 


BONNIE  BROS.,  Inc. 

DistiUevs 
I#o«iieville,  Kentucky 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


771 


''Diamond"  High  Speed 
Twist  Drills 

bring  greatest  satisfaction  to  the  mc- 
cKanic  because  they  do  perfect  work 
and  «nable  him  to  increase  his  outputf 
therefore  his  earning  capacity, 

QUALITY  GUARANTEED 


K^^^     mark's   <^^ 


The  Whitman  &  Barnes 
Mfg.  Co, 

F«crork«; 

AKRON,  O.  CHICAGO,  ELL, 

ST.CATHARINES.  ONT. 

Geoeril  Stle*  Officer 

CHICAGO,  ILLINOIS 


/iSIBLEi^;^^ 


e« 


fiT* 


BK 


STANDARD 
TYPEIVRITEB' 


MACHINE 
BUILT 

UPON 


-^i 


,^vj  SPEED  1||\ PRINCIPLES 

II  RECORD  M        „^_„ 
l&l  CHICAGO  HAB.qa  Vm       MORE 


^*)  Nf  W  YORK  Nov. 'Oeii./. 

Gj'    ClllfAG0M4R.'07    15     \    t    ACTIM/^ 

'  BOSTON  har:o7  Itf  A  LAo  I  Inu 


Riii'  ■  ■ 

PSj     REVOLU-    'M' 
Q^i   TIONIZEH 

M:)  TYPEWRITER  t 
^CONSTRUCTION  1 

INDERWOmTfYPEWRITER  C9 


THAN 
m ARM OR 
PLATE 


Chew  BEEMAN'S  PEPSIN  GUM 


The  original 
PEPSIN  GUM 


For  Sale  by  All  Druggists 


FACTORIES: 
Clrrdindi  0>    Kidiii  CiijPi  Mo*    N«wirk,  M.J.    N^f  Orltim^  Li,    Ponlitid,  Ore.    Toroaio,  CRnidi,    LoDdaa,  EocltadH 


niQiti^nrihyk  lOOQlf 


772 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Buy 

Union- Made 
Cereals 


EGG-O-SEE  and  E.  C.  CORN  Flakes  ftre 
Union  Labor  products*  made  under  cle^in  and 
wholesome  conditions.  We  arc  the  onl^ 
Cereal  Company  in  the  World  using  the 
above  Union  Label  on  all  our  packaged, 
This  fact  should  appeal  strongly  lo  every 
loyal  Uiiion  worker. 


EGG-0>SEE  CEREAL  COMPANY 
CHICAGO,  U.S.  A. 

Lirfcst  *vars*ifaemrcri(jf  Flake  J  Cereals  sn  the  WotUI 


INDEX  TO  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


CONTENTS  OP  MAOAZINB.  PAGE  776. 


American  Chicle  Company.. 


Page 
....  771 


Boeder,  Adamson  Company 880 

Ball  Watch  Company,  W.  C 7J2 

Bangor  Slate  Company »f* 

Banner  Baking  Powder  Company »{1 

Battle  Creek  Pood  Company 77a 

Barker  Brand  Collars ™ 

Berry  Brothers Kj;^ 

Bernheimer  *  Hchwartz « « Jf*'* 

BIgney,  8.  0 88^ 

Birmingham  Railway  Company «••  £fp 

Bonnie  Brothers 770 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers*  Union 8^ 

Brotherhood  Glove  Company » 7«2 

Brnnswick-Balke-CoUender  Company -..  'oo 


M  Page 

Mail  Pooch  Tobacco Fourth  Cover 

Masury  A  Son 828 

MayManton  Pattern  Company 824 

MiCreerv  A  Company 818 

MoLaughlln  A  Company 774 

Mengel  Box  Company 820 

Michigan  State  Teleplione  Company 774 

Morse  Twist  Drill  and  Machine  Company 7tt4 

Mundy,  J.S 828 

Muralo  Company 826 


Narragannett  Brew.  Company Fourth  CovJJ 

National  Powder  Cooopauy 8*" 

New  York  Belling  A  Packing  Company 826 

North  Brothers  ManaDetctarlng  Company ^ 826 


Capewell  Horse-Nail  Company Fourth  Cover 

i^arhartt,  Hamilton 768^ 

Chattanooga  Brewing  Company 829 

Chicago  Pneumatic  Tool  Company 881 

Cleveland  Twist  Drill  Company 882 

Cloth  Hat  and  Cap  Makers 882 

Comtolidated  Rosendale  Cement  Company' 770 

Coca-Cola 764 

Crockett  Company,  David  B 817 

Colonial  Electric  Company 827 


Ohio  Tool  Company 824 


People's  Security  Company 827 

Philadelphia  Electric  Company 786 

Pompelan  Manufacturing  Company 774 

Pratt!  huck  Company 827 

Prentlstt  Vise  Company 819 

Prudential  Life  Insurance  Company 707 


Da  vies  &  Thomas 8.5 

Detroit  Leather  Specialty  Company 7K4 

Dill.  J.  G 82) 


Kdgecom^e  Company    7»)7 

"Edgeworth."  "Oboid"  and  "Sensible"  Tobacco 770 

Elgin  National  Wntch  Company 8<1 

Elmerson  Drug  Company 832 


Flei8chmann*s  Yeast 781 

Frazer  Lubricator  Company 830 


Oarlock  Packing  Company f^^ 

Garment  Workers,  United 763 

Globe  Tobacco  Comnany 8i9 

Goodyear  Lumber  Company 830 


Reading  Hardware  Company 881 

Red  Star  Yeast  Company 774 

Reed  &  Bamett  (Park  Avenue  Hotel) 822 

Kossendale-Kedaaway  Belling  Company 770 

Royal  Baking  Powder  Company 816 

Ruppert,  J 826 

Rubberset  Brush  Company 767 


Sandusky  Tool  Company 767 

Safety  Iniiulated  Wire  Company.. 832 

Scrlven  Company.  J.  A -. « 764 

Siegel-Cooper  Company Third  Cover 

Singer,  Ernest 828 

Southern  Bltullthic  Company... ^ 765 

Sweet,  Orr  &  Company .^Third  Cover 


Tailors,  Journeymen 766 


Hart  A  CrouseCo »...  828 

Hoffman,  Geo.  W 829 

Hunter  Rye  Whiskey 828 

I 

Independent  Salt  Company 819 

I  niernatlonal  Correspondence  School 827 


Kitehel,  S.  B 


8:2 


Union  Collar  Company ^ 824 

Underwood  Typewriter  Company 771 

United  States  Rubber  Company 762 

W 

Ware-Kramer  Tobacco  Company 765 

Whitman  A  Barnes  ManuDAOturlng  Company 771 

Wliiey  Company,  C.  A f25 

Winslow  Soothing  Syrup 8^2 

.  Wood  Mosaic  Flooring  Company 767 

Wright  A  Taylor 817 


Lamed  Carter  Company.. 


..Second  C«»ver      Yonkers  Specialty  Company 767 

(778)     •  Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


774 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Red  Star 


conraessBo 


Yeast 


Co. 


nilwaukee, 

Wis. 


Michigan  State  Telephone 
Company 

General  Offices    -    Detroit,  Mich. 

OPERATES  AND  CONNECTS  WITH 

400  EXCHANGES  IN 
MICHIGAN 

118.674  SUBSCRIBERS 
WITHIN  THE  STATE 

ALSO    CONNECTS    WITH    ALL    CITIES 

AND    TOWNS   IN    THE    UNITED 

STATES  BY  DIRECT  WIRE. 

GOOD  SERVICE 
AND  REASONABLE  RATES 

APPLY  TO  ANY  MANAGER  FOR 
INFORMATION. 


I 
I 


After  your  day's  work 

NOTHING  is  MORE  REFRESHING 
THAN  A  FACIAL  MASSAGE  tnih 


Pompeian 
Massage  Cream 


[T  REMOVES  imbedded  pore-diit  and 
grease  that  toap  cannot  reach — and  in 
addition  it  increases  tlie  blood  circula- 
tion, relaxes  the  musclet,  and  nuket  the 
flesh  firm  and  the  complexion  clear. 
C^o  not  allow  your  druggist  to  sell  you 
an  imitation  nor  let  your  barber  use  a  sub- 
stitute. Imitations  do  not  do  the  work, 
and  may  do  harm.  Look  for  the  trade 
mark  on  the  bottle  and  see  that  the  word 
Pompeian  is  there. 
^Send/or fres  sample. 


The  Pompeian  Mfg  Company 


98  Prospect  Street 


Cleveland,  Ohio 


McLaug'Klin's  XXXX  Coffee 


Popular  for  Its 

Real  Goodness  and 

Reasonable  Price 


ROASTED  RIGHT 


UNION  LABOR 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 
Mr.  F.  McI.AUGHI.IN  A  COMPANY,  CHICAGO,  \1^£. 


American  Federationist 


SAMUEL  OOMPERS,  Editor 


Official  Magazine  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 


1907 


Contents  for  October. 

Savings  Banks'  Life  Insurance        .         .         .         .        777 

By  LOUIS  BRANDBIS. 

Trade  Union  Progress  in  Germany        .  .  780 

By  HANS  PBHLINGBR. 


Japanese  Atavism 

By  ALBERT  S.  ASHMBAD.  M.  D. 

EDITORIAL 

By  SAMUEL  GOMPERS,  Pretident,  4merican  Federation  of  Labor. 

Van  Cleave  Seeks  Injunction  Against  A.  F.  of  L. 

Taft,  the  Injunction  Standard  Bearer. 

Federal  Injunctions  Jolt  jd— Labor's  Contention  Justified. 


781 


784 


What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing 

796 

OFFICIAL: 

Convention  Call 

805 

Telegraphers'  Appeal 

806 

Executive  Council  Minutes 

806^ 

Financial  Statement 

• 

815       • 

tTT») 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 

UNION  LABEL  BULLETIN. 

Imied  by  the  Anerinn  Fedenlioo  of  Labor  June,  1906. 


Copyright  by  dw  American  Federatioo  of  Labor.    AD  righti  leaerred. 

DEMAND  THE  UNION  LABEL. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


DKVOTKD  TO  THK  INTERESTS  AND  VOICING  THE  DEMANDS  OF  THB 
TRADE  UNION  MOVEMENT 


VoLXIV. 


OCTOBER.  J  W7. 


No.  10 


Savings  Banks'  Life  Insurance. 

By  Louis  Brandbis. 


MASSACHUSETTS  has  been  a 
leader  in  legislation  designed 
to  improve  the  condition  of  the 
workingman.  Her  proud  record 
extends  over  nearly  a  century. 
Her  first  great  contribution  to  the  cause  of 
labor  was  the  incorporation,  December  S, 
I8l6,  of  the  Provident  Institution  for 
Savings  in  the  Town  of  Boston,  the  first 
chartered  American  savings  bank.  Today, 
with  a  population  of  little  more  than 
3.000,000,  her  savings  banks  hold  1 ,908,378 
separate  deposit  accounts  aggregating 
$694,081,141,  the  average  account  being 
$363.70,  a  tribute  to  the  thrift  of  her  wage- 
earners. 

Saving  was  made  popular  in  Massachu- 
setts by  making  it  profitable  to  the  saver — 
that  is,  by  giving  to  him  all  that  his  money 
could  earn.  The  Massachusetts  savings 
banks  have  no  stockholders,  being  operated 
solely  for  the  benefit  of  the  depositors. 
They  are  managed  by  trustees,  usually 
men  of  large  experience  and  of  high  char- 
acter, who  serve  without  pay,  recognizing 
that  the  business  of  collecting  and  invest- 
ing the  savings  of  persons  of  small  means 
is  a  quasi-public  trust,  which  should  be 
conducted  as  a  beneficent  and  not  a  money- 


making  institution.  The  trustees,  the  oflS- 
cers,  and  the  employes  of  the  savings 
banks  have  also  been  trained  in  the  admin- 
istration of  these  savings  to  the  practice  of 
the  strictest  economy. 

Massachusetts  has  now  taken  a  step 
which  will  extend  greatly  the  sphere  of 
usefulness  of  these  banks.  Under  the  law 
passed  by  her  legislature  on  June  27th, 
savings  banks  are  authorized  under  proper 
safeguards  to  issue  life  insurance  policies  in 
amounts  not  exceeding  $500  and  annuities 
not  exceeding  $200  a  year. 

The  object  of  the  new  law  is  to  furnish 
wage-earners  with : 

First.  A  substitute  for  the  present  waste- 
ful system  of  industrial  insurance. 

Second.  An  opportunity  of  making  pro- 
vision themselves  for  their  old  age. 

That  the  prevailing  system  of  industrial 
insurance  places  a  heavy  burden  upon  the 
wage-earner  had  been  frequently  urged  be- 
fore the  recent  life  insurance  investigations. 
The  Armstrong  committee  reported  that 
industrial  insurance  is  furnished  "at  twice 
the  normal  cost  to  those  least  able  to  pay 
for  it;  a  large  proportion,  if  not  the  greater 
number  of  the   insured,   permitting  their 


(777) 


policies  to  lapse,  receiv|itijy3  d^5^;i^©©gt€ 


778 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


for  their  payments;'*  and  that  the  enor- 
mous waste  incident  to  the  present  methods 
presents  **a  serious  economic  question.'* 
But  the  Armstrong  committee  did  not 
undertake  to  solve  that  question. 

Investigations  begun  in  Massachusetts 
before  the  Armstrong  committee  reported, 
and  continued  thereafter,  disclosed  how 
serious  this  *  ^economic  question* '  really  is. 
It  was  shown  that  in  the  15  years  ending 
December  31,  1905,  the  workingmen  of 
Massachusetts  had  paid  to  the  so-called  in- 
dustrial life  insurance  companies  an  aggre- 
gate of  $61,294,887  in  premiums,  and  had 
received  back  in  death  benefits,  endowments, 
or  surrender  values  an  aggregate  of  only 
$21,819,606,  and  that  the  increase  in  the 
insurance  reserve  of  the  companies  during 
the  period  applicable  to  the  Massachusetts  • 
policies  did  not  exceed  $9,838,000. 

It  thus  appeared  that  not  only  had  nearly 
one-half  of  the  amounts  paid  in  by  the 
workingmen  as  premiums  been  absorbed 
in  the  expense  of  conducting  the  business 
and  in  dividends  to  stockholders,  but  that, 
to  a  large  extent,  the  interest  on  invested 
funds  had  also  been  so  absorbed. 

Calculation  further  disclosed  that  if  this 
$61,294,887,  instead  of  being  paid  to  the 
industrial  life  insurance  companies,  had 
been  deposited  in  Massachusetts  savitigs 
banks,  and  the  depositors  had  withdrawn 
from  the  banks  only  an  amount  equal  to 
the  aggregate  of  $21,819,606,  which  they 
received  from  the  insurance  companies  dur- 
ing those  15  years,  the  balance  remaining 
in  the  savings  banks  at  the  end  of  that 
period,  namely,  December  3I,  1905,  with 
the  accumulated  interest,  would  have 
amounted  to  $49,931,548.35,  and  this  al- 
though the  savings  banks  would  have  paid 
upon  these  increased  deposits  in  taxes  to 
the  commonwealth  more  than  four  times 
the  amount  which  was  actually  paid  by  the 
insurance  companies  on  account  of  the  in- 
surance. 

The  purpose  of  the  new  Massachusetts 
law  is  to  put  an  end  to  this  waste  of  work- 
ingmen's  earnings  by  substituting  the  . 
economic  and  altruistic  methods  of  the 
savings  banks  for  the  waste  and  greed 
which  have  in  large  measure  attended  the 
operation  of  the  industrial  insurance  com- 
panies. 

Some  saving  will  result  from  the  fact 
that  there  are  no  stockholders  in  these 
banks  to  receive  exorbitant  dividends  and 


that  the  banks  are  operated  at  an  excep- 
tionally low  expense  rate.  But  the  main 
gain  is  to  come  from  the  abolition  of  the 
sohcitation  of  insurance  through  a^^ents, 
with  its  attendant  heavy  percentage  of 
lapsed  policies,  and  the  discontinuance  of 
the  weekly  collection  of  premiums  at  the 
homes  of  the  insured. 

The  savings  banks  are  to  receive  applica- 
tions for  insurance  as  they  receive  deposits — 
that  is,  without  personal  solicitation.  The 
premiums  are  to  be  received  at  the  bank, 
and  not  collected  at  the  homes  of  the  in- 
sured. Weekly  payments  are  to  be  abolished 
as  unnecessarily  expensive,  and  a  premium 
payment  at  longer  intervals,  probably 
monthly,  is  to  be  substituted.  It  is  ex- 
pected that  to  a  large  extent  the  following 
simple,  convenient,  and  inexpensive 
method  of  paying  premiums  will  ultimately 
be  adopted.  The  insured  will,  upon  the  issu- 
ing of  the  policy,  if  he  is  not  already  a 
savings  bank  depositor,  be  requested  to  be- 
come such,  and  will  give  to  the  bank  a 
standing  order  to  draw  on  the  savings  fund 
in  fayor  of  the  insurance  fund  to  meet  the 
premium  payments,  as  they  fall  due.  The 
payment  of  premiums  will  thus  become 
automatic  so  long  as  the  policyholder  has 
any  funds  on  deposit. 

No  one  supposes  that  the  savings  banks' 
insurance  system  will  at  once  supplant  the 
private  companies,  which  had  in  the  aggre- 
gate on  January  1,  1907,  1,176.044  indus- 
trial policies  outstanding  in  Massachusetts. 
The  establishment  by  the  savings  banks  of 
a  department  for  the  issue  of  life  insurance 
is  permissive,  not  compulsory.  The  banks 
will  enter  upon  the  new  field  only  grad- 
ually. Therefore,  at  first  the  old  companies 
will  retain  in  a  large  part  of  the  state  the 
field  undisputed.  But  besides  this,  even  in 
those  places  where  savings  insurance  banks 
are  established,  the  old  companies  will  have 
ample  scope  for  their  activity.  Despite  the 
lower  premium  rates  which  the  savings 
banks  will  be  able  to  offer,  there  must  long 
be  a  large  number  of  the  less  thrifty  for 
whom  the  eloquence  of  the  solicitor  and  the 
weekly  domiciliary  visit  of  tlie  collector 
will  be  essential  to  the  taking  out  or  the 
maintenance  of  insurance.  Gradually,  how- 
ever, the  system  will  be  extended  through- 
out the  state  as  the  people  learn  to  appre- 
ciate the  advantages  of  the  new  system, 
and  the  lower  premiums  which  the  savings 
banks  will  be  able  to  offer  must  in  time 
Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


SAVINGS  BANKS'  LIFE  INSURANCE 


779 


prove  irresistible,  and  the  private  com- 
panies will  be  compelled  to  adopt  the  main 
features  of  the  new  system  or  to  retire  from 
the  field. 

The  recent  Massachusetts  law  contem- 
plates, however,  far  more  than  cheaper  in- 
surance. Indeed,  its  most  far-reaching 
effect  will  probably  be  found  in  its  pro- 
vision for  the  issue  of  annuities. 

The  American  workingman  has  come  to 
feel  keenly  the  danger  of  superannuation. 
On  every  side  he  hears  of  employers  dis- 
criminating in  favor  of  young  men,  a 
natural  incident  of  the  speeding  of  machin- 
ery and  the  introduction  of  new  methods. 
Yet  nowhere  is  any  opportunity  afforded 
him  for  providing  himself  in  his  younger 
years  with  an  old-age  annuity.  The  rising 
demand  for  old-age  pensions  supported  by 
general  taxation  is  in  large  part  attribut- 
able to  this  fact. 

The  need  of  support  in  old  age  when 
earning  capacity  shall  have  lessened  or 
ceased  is  indeed  more  apt  to  be  present  to 
the  mind  of  the  average  workingman  than 
the  probable  needs  of  his  family  in  case  of 
his  death;  for  few  men  in  good  health  think 
that  premature  death  will  overtake  them. 
Labor  leaders  have  therefore  been  particu- 
larly interested  in  the  annuity  feature  of 
,the  new  movement. 

The  provision  for  the  future  most  appro- 
priate to  the  wage-earner's  needs  is  life 
insurance  to  protect  his  family  while  he  is 
in  middle  life,  the  period  when  his  children 
are  young,  and  an  annuity  for  his  later 
years  when  he  himself  is  old. 

A  combination  policy  which  will  furnish 
life  insurance  in  the  earlier  years  and  be 
converted  at  say  60  into  an  annuity  is, 
therefore,  the  form  of  provision  which  it  is 
believed  will  become  most  popular  under 
the  working  of  the  savings  bank  sjrstem. 

Enough  Massachusetts  savings  banks 
have  already  signified  their  intention  of 
establishing  insurance  departments  to  make 
certain  that  this  new  departure  will  receive 
a  thorcmgh  test.  And  the  test  will  be 
made  under  very  favorable  conditions. 
Ex-Governor  Douglas,  President  of  the 
People's  Savings  Bank  of  Brockton,  has 
been  a  staunch  supporter  of  this  new  move- 
ment, and  became  the  president  of  the 
league  formed  to  secure  the  passage  of  the 
law  authorizing  this  extension  of  savings 
bank  activity.  Governor  Douglas  has  al- 
ready offered   to  provide  for  his  bank  the 


$25,000  guaranty  fund  which  must  be  pro- 
vided before  any  bank  can  establish  an 
insurance  department,  and  as  his  enthu- 
siasm is  shared  by  many  of  the  trustees  of 
his  bank,  this  Brockton  bank  will  probably 
be  the  first  to  enter  upon  the  new  field. 

Similar  interest  in  the  movement  has  de- 
veloped in  the  neighboring  towns  of  Bridge- 
water  and  Whitman.  In  the  former  the 
local  commercial  club  has  raised  for  the 
bank  the  requisite  guaranty  fund.  Brock- 
ton, Bridgewater  and  Whitman  are  pros- 
X)erous  shoe  manufacturing  communities. 
Wages  are  exceptionally  high  and  em- 
ployes intelligent.  The  leaders  of  organized 
labor  have  been  strong  supporters  of  the 
new  movement.  The  President  of  the  State 
Branch  of  the  American  Federation  of  La- 
bor, the  President  of  the  Boston  Central 
Labor  Union,  the  Presidents  of  the  Inter- 
national Boot  and  Shoe  Workers'  Union, 
and  the  International  Textile  Workers' 
Union,  supported  by  the  votes  of  hundreds 
of  local  unions,  joined  with  progressive 
manufacturers,  financiers,  and  philanthro- 
pists in  securing  the  necessary  legislation. 
Much  has,  therefore,  been  done  already 
towards  the  education  of  the  community  in 
the  advantages  of  the  new  system — educa- 
tion which  is  a  prerequisite  of  success. 

The  machinery  provided  by  the  new  law 
is  such  as  to  facilitate  a  wide  extension  of 
the  new  system  which  it  seeks  to  introduce. 
The  act  provides  for  a  state  actuary  to 
whom  the  technical  expert  insurance  work 
of  determining  the  premiums  and  reserve, 
framing  the  forms  of  applications  and 
policies,  and  of  prescribing  the  methods  of 
accounting  is  committed;  and  for  a  state 
medical  director,  who  shall  have  supervision 
of,  and  act  as  insurance  medical  advisor  to 
the  local  physicians.  The  services  of  these 
experts  and  the  blanks  and  books  used  in 
conducting  the  business  are  to  be  furnished 
by  the  State  Department  without  charge  lo 
the  banks.  The  technical  insurance  knowl- 
edge and  the  facilities  incident  to  that  de- 
partment of  the  business  will  be  furnished 
to  the  banks  by  the  state  without  charge. 
Thus  even  in  conducting  the  life  insurance 
and  annuity  department  the  work  of  the 
savings  banks  will  be  mainly  that  in  which 
they  are  now  engaged,  namely,  the  receipt, 
safe  investment  and  paying  out  of  money. 

Savings  bank  insurance  is  being  intro- 
duced to  meet  the  gross  evils  of  the  present 
industrial  insurance  system,  and  the  serious 


780 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


lack  of  old-age  provision.  Its  primary  pur- 
pose is  to  aid  the  workingman.  Therefore, 
the  individual  insurance  policy  in  any  one 
bank  is  to  be  limited  to  $500  and  the  an- 
nuity to  $200  a  year.  But  it  is  obvious  that 
if  this  movement  succeeds  the  principle 
which  underlies  it  will  be*extended  to  cover 
like  needs  of  other  classes  in  the  commun- 
ity. Those  who  receive  salaries  as  distin- 
guished from  wages,  and  who  are  now  sup- 
plied mainly  by  the  ordinary  life  insurance 
companies,  will  not  long  tolerate  the  lesser, 
but  still  unnecessary  burdens  incident  to 
the  extravagant  soliciting  of  insurance  now 
practiced;  and  they  will  be  also  quick  to 
recognize  the  value  of  old-age  annuities. 


And  if  it  appears  that  life  insurance  can  be 
provided  at  a  lower  rate,  the  rich  will  not 
be  slow  to  demand  it  also  for  their  large 
policies.  The  experiment  which  Massa- 
chusetts is  now  entering  upon  may,  there- 
fore, have  far-reaching  effects. 

It  seems  fitting  that  Massachusetts, 
which  has  generally  led  in  American  legis- 
lation to  ameliorate  the  conditions  of  labor 
which  laid  the  foundation  for  America's 
admirable  system  of  savings  banks  and  es- 
tablished through  her  great  comn^issioner. 
Elizur  Wright,  the  scientific  practice  of  life 
insurance,  should  lead  in  the  next  impor- 
tant advance  in  the  development,  through 
thrift,  of  general  prosperitv. 


Trade  Union  Progress  in  Germany. 

By  Hans  Pbhukgsr. 

Munich,  Sept.  /j,  1907,  (34,739   members),    the    tailors    (36.O73 

IT  is  a  pleasure  to  report  that  the  year  members),    the    boot    and   shoe    workers 

1906  was  for  the  German  trade  unions  (35,322  members),  the   cigarmakers   and 

a  period  of  extremely  successful  work,  tobacco  workers  (32,752  members);  each 

The  aggregate  membership  of  all  ex-  ^^  the  other  trade  unions  bad  less  than 

isting  unions  increased  about  twenty-five  30^000  members. 

per  cent  and  the  financial  i^rogress  was  no  The  number  of  women  in  trade  unions  was 

less  satisfactory.  132,821.     The  following  figures  will  give 

At  the  end  of  1906  the  66  National  Unions  ?**  idea  to  what  extent  the  work  of  organiz- 

(Central  Verbaende),  aflBliated  to  the  Gen-  i»g  women  and  girls  has  been  carried  on  up 

eral  Federation  of  Trade  Unions  at  Berlin,  to  the  last  year: 

had  a  total  membership  of  1 ,799,293.     The  Trade.                               OT:ganiMd  women  worker*. 

increase    in    membership  was  continuous     Textile  workers _ 41,14) 

from  1429,303  on  December  3I,  1905,  to  Cigarmakers  and  tobacco  workers..    15,3)) 

1,548,978    on     March    )1,    1,666.775    on     Metalworkers J. 14.972 

June  30,  1,741.953  on  September  30,  and     Unskilled  laborers 11,824 

1,799,293   on   December  3I,    I9O6.      The     Bookbinders 8.621 

average  number  of  members  was  1,689,709,      Printers*  assistants ^ 7,896 

against  i  ,344,803  in  1905  (increase 344,906.     All  other  trades 33,0)2 

or  25.6  per  cent).  o^u    *  -.  1  •                r  .1.     ^^ 

In  regard  to  membership  the  strongest  ^^^he  total  income  of  the  66  unions  was 

trade  unions  among  those  affiliated  to  the  f! '^5.999    marks.*    or     an    increase   of 

general   federation  are  the  metal  workers  13.791.000  marks  over  the  income  of  1905- 

035,075  members  at  theclose  of  1906).  the  J>lff  P^"^'^"^?  ^^^  ^?f  T^"*  ^"""""^^ll^ 

bricklayersandmasons(l8).747members),  36,963,000  marks,  which  was  11.939,000 

the  wood  workers  (151,717  members),  the  °^^^H^  °^^^^  ^^^^  ^^^.  expenditure  of  the 

mine  workers  (110.247  members),  the  tex-  Previous  year.    In  spite  of  this  lar^e  ex- 

tile  workers  (111.532    members),  the  un-  Penditure  it  is  gratifying  to  find  that  the 

skilled    laborers   (123.215    members),    the  ^^i!?";!^^  ^"""^^  ^^^  increased  by  nearly 

transport  workers  (81.784  members),  the  ^L^;^99J"^'H^  and  amounted   in   all  to 

building  laborers  (84,611    members),    the  25, 31 3,000  marks,  which  is  a  sum  exceeding 

typographical  union  (48,447  members) .  the     that  of  any  previous  year. 

carpenters  (52.377  members),  the  painters  '  •^""*^"*»^"*'fcf«|'SV*elfb^-^d'CF05le 


JAPANESE  A  TA  VISM 


781 


Of  the  total  amount  expended  by  all 
unions  in  1906,  about  13,748,000  marks  has 
been  spent  on  strike  pay;  342,339  marks  on 
la^w  expenses;  795,209  mafks  on  victimiza- 
tion benefit;  758,222  marks  on  traveling 
benefit;  2,653»296  marks  on  unemployed 
benefit;  3i28i,74i  marks  on  sick  benefit; 
1,181,282  marks  on  funeral  benefit  and 
benevolent  grants;  351.181  marks  on  super- 
annuation and  infirmity  benefit;  1,59^,009 
marks  on  trade  journals,  etc.  The  expenses 
for  strikes,  lockouts,  victimization  benefit, 
and  legal  assistance,  exceeded  considerably 
those  for  benevolent  and  educational  pur- 
poses; the  extraordinary  high  cost  of  strikes 
was  caused  by  the  attitude  of  employers 
towards  organized  labor,  which  is  much 
less  conciliatory  in  Germany  than  in  any 
other  civilized  country. 

Mention  must  be  made  of  the  fact  that 
the  trade  union  movement  in  Germany  is 
divided  into  several  groups.  Six  groups 
may  be  distinguished:  (1)  National  Unions 
affiliated  to  the  General  Federation  of  Trade 
Unions;    (2)    Local    unions  not   affiliated; 


(3)  Hirsch-Duncker  Trade  Unions  (liberal 
party);  (4)  United  Christian  Trade  Unions; 

(5)  Independent  Christian   Trade  Unions; 

(6)  Other  independent  unions.  The  num- 
ber of  workmen  organized  in  each  of  these 
groups  of  unions  is  shown  in  the  table 
below. 


Groups  of  Unions. 

Average  M 

embcrship. 

1905- 

1906. 

National  Unions 

1,344,803 

27,736 

117,097 

188.106 

76.926 

65,262 

1,689,709 

13,145 

118,508 

247,116 

73,132 

73.544 

Local  Unions 

Hirsch-Duncker  Unions..... 
United  Christian  Unions.... 
Indep.  Christian  Unions.... 
Other  independent  unions.. 

Total 

1,819.930 

2  215,165 

In  the  ranks  of  German  trade  unionists 
close  unity  and  complete  brotherhood  are 
necessary  in  the  future,  for  only  by  one 
aim  and  purpose  and  a  tolerant  view  of 
each  other's  opinions  can  we  present  that 
solidarity  that  will  preserve  our  hard- won 
rights. 


Japanese  Atavism. 

By  Al^BERT  S.  ASHMEAD,  M.  D., 
Late  Medical  Director  of  Tokio  Hospital,  Japan. 


PUBLIC  interest  in  Asiatic  immigra- 
tion grows  as  the  problem  continues 
to  be  presented  in  various  aspects. 
One  of  the  most  ordinary  of  populat 
errors  is  the  overlooking  of  the  antagonistic 
racial  characteristics  of  the  Orientals.  This 
is  especially  true  when  the  Japanese  are 
under  consideration.  Those  who  under- 
stand at  once  why  the  Chinese  or  Hindus 
are  unavailable  because  of  marked  racial 
differences  from  the  Anglo-Saxon,  are  apt 
to  assume  that  the  Japanese  are  a  superior 
race.  To  one  who  has  studied  the  Japanese 
closely  there  are  many  racial  traits  which 
betray  an  origin  and  development  that  are 
not  a  good  basis  upon  which  to  hope  to 
make  American  citizens. 

Baron  Tahati  claims  the  power  to  in- 
crease the  stature  of  the  Japanese  race  by 
reforming  them  in  the  mode  of  sitting.  He 
claims  that  by  giving  them  chairs  to  sit  on, 
even  too  high  to  allow  the  feet  to  reach  the 


floor,  has  made  his  two  sons,  ordinary 
sizcfd  men,  they  are  said  to  be,  six  feet  tall. 
He  thinks  that  the  method  of  Japanese  of 
sitting  on  their  feet  crossed  beneath  them 
is  responsible  for  the  dwarfing  of  his  race; 
possibly  he  believes  the  *  *sabre-leg*  *  of  all 
Japanese  alone  is  responsible  for  the  short- 
ness of  his  people. 

He  fails  to  recognize  the  atavistic  simian 
and  lemurian  reversions  of  his  people. 

Dr.  Brenton  maintained  that  the  Japanese 
race,  like  everything  else  in  Japan,  was 
pygmy  because  of  its  island  isolation  and 
peculiarities  of  environment.  A  variation 
Dr.  Brenton  maintained  was  a  terminus  ad 
quern,  a  product  of  definite  and  present  ac- 
tivities moving  under  fixed  laws  toward  a 
calculable  result.  '  'Arrest  of  development* ' 
or  "degeneration,*'  offered  no  explanation 
of  a  racial  type,  becauge  those  terms  refer 
to  effects,  not  to  causes.  Variation  in  or- 
ganic forms  is  the  rule,  not  the  excepticpg 


782 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Not  its  presence,  but  its  absence  is  the  real 
problem  of  biology  and  also  of  physical 
anthropology.  Not  that  the  white  man  has 
become  white  and  the  black  man  black,  but 
that  each  remains  so,  is  the  true  puzzle. 

The  pithecoid  and  simian  traits  of  the 
Japanese  race,  explained  by  some  by  the 
term  *' reversions,"  are  merely  results  of 
mechanical  or  functional  processes,  belong- 
ing to  the  Negritoid  Archipelago. 

Such  traits  are  not  only  physical,  but 
mental  and  moral  as  well.  They  are  not 
racial  any  more  than  is  the  variation  of 
skeleton  of  humans  like  those  of  the 
gorilla.  It  does  not  prove  that  man  is 
descended  from  the  gorilla,  but  that  he 
has  been  subjected  to  certain  influences 
similar  to  those  which  have  produced  the 
traits  in  the  gorilla.  But  for  variation  to 
succeed  it  requires  many  generations  of 
change  of  custom. 

The  osteogenetic  process  peculiar  to  a 
pygmy  negritoid  race,  can  not  be  changed 
in  one  or  two  or  three  generations.  The 
primary  and  secondary  centres  of  ossifica- 
tion, will  not,  because  Baron  Tahaki  wills 
it,  rise  into  increased  activity,  and  open  up 
sutures  ossified  long  before  to  make  new 
"Tahakian"  formations. 

The  increase  or  diminished  torsion  of  the 
Japanese  humerus,  the  incurvation  of  the 
ulna,  below  the  sigmoid  cavity,  and  the 
increased  angle  of  retroversion  of  the  head 
of  the  tibia  are  distinctly  simian. 

The  "Zeitschuft  fur  Ethnologic"  speaks 
of  long  continued  limited  nutrition  bring- 
ing about  diminution  of  stature,  symme- 
trical and  without  pathological  traits.  Thus 
the  elephants  of  Malta  become  toward  the 
close  of  life  of  the  species  quite  small.  A 
small  but  vigorous  breed  of  horses  is  found 
where  food  is  scarce.  In  the  Canary  Is- 
lands, according  to  De  Varigny,  the  oxen, 
the  horses  and  the  men  all  become  smaller 
on  the  smaller  island.  This  is  supposed  to 
explain  the  origin  of  the  dwarf  races. 

Virchow  convincingly  demonstrated  that 
anomalies  of  the  bony  structure  in  man 
are  constantly  and  markedly  greater  among 
uncivilized  than  among  civilized  peoples, 
and  consequently  greater  among  ancient 
races  than  among  those  now  living. 

Darwin  made  a  great  mistake  in  claiming 
that  variation  was  greater  in  domesticated 
than  in  wild  animals.  In  man  its  increase 
is  in  accordance  with  the  degree  of  savagery 
and  fluctuations  in  the  food  supply,  besides 


mechanical  function.  **Pithecogenesis"  of 
a  Japanese  is  not  responsible  for  the  pygmy 
stature.  It  is  his  Papuan  or  Negritoid  im- 
mediate ancestry.  These  Papuans  are  short 
in  stature,  five  feet  tall,  have  crisp  black 
hair — they  have  mop- like  hair  like  Jap- 
anese— a  flat  nose,  ugly  features,  thick  hps 
and  black  skin  like  Africans,  but  the  color 
is  lighter  in  those  who  live  in  sunless  for- 
ests. .They  have  yellowish  sclerotics.  The 
immediate  ancestors  of  Timnur  Teanos 
hordes  were  the  aborigines  of  the  Philip- 
pines and  Malayan  Islands.  They  are 
supposed  to  have  come  there  with  the  ba- 
nana and  taro  plant  from  Guinea  coast  or 
Madagascar.  There  the  young  have  a  form 
quite  graceful,  just  as  Japanese  do,  but  the 
extremes  of  hunger  and  repletion,  with  an 
almost  exclusive  vegetable  diet,  gives  to  the 
adults  protuberent  abdomens  and  lank 
limbs.  The  voices  are  shrill;  gestures  and 
agility  (like  those  of  Japanese)  are  monkey- 
like. They  are  skilful  hunters  and  fishers. 
They  still  use  bamboo  spears  and  bow  and 
arrows  as  arms.  The  lance-shaped  head  is 
often  poisoned.  These  original  Papuans 
are  savage  in  the  interior.  They  have  no 
religious  ceremony  or  ideas  of  worship  ex- 
cept that  of  nature,  about  like  Shinto  faiih 
of  the  temple  of  Ise;  there  Emperor  Mut- 
sahito  worships.  They  respect  old  age  and 
venerate  the  dead,  just  like  their  Japanese 
grandsons. 

There  is  some  difference  of  opinion  among 
ethnologists  as  to  the  race  to  which  their 
Japanese  Ancestors  belong  responsible  for 
the  dwarfing  of  the  Japanese  race. 

Semper  and  Davis  class  them  among 
Papuans.  Professor  Virchow,  from  exami- 
nations of  a  few  skulls  in  the  museums  of 
Germany,  denied  their  aflBnity  to  Papuans, 
finding  the  head  more  monkey-like  in  form, 
the  glabella  extraordinarily  developed,  the 
frontal  prominences  slight,  and  traces  of  a 
frontal  median  crest.  The  temporal  region 
was  elevated  beyond  the  parietal  protuber- 
ances and  not  quite  one-third  of  an  inch 
behind  the  coronal  suture.  The  width  of 
lower  part  of  nose  was  great.  The  boDCS 
were  weak  and  delicate.  The  tibiae  later- 
ally flattened,  like  Japanese,  the  humerus 
often  perforated  at  the  elbow,  with  a  twist 
different  from  that  of  the  European.  They 
had,  thought  Virchow,  been  undoubtedly 
crossed  by  invasions  of  other  tribes,  like 
the  Malays  and  the  Mongolian.  There  is 
not  a  pure  race  character  traced  by  ethnol- 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


783 


Ovists.  It  seemed  to  Kneeland  (Negritoes 
of  Luzon)  that  these  people,  the  Negrito 
(1848)  of  Dr.  Pichering,  and  by  Nehi,  and 
after  him.  by  Semper  and  Muller  classed  as 
Papuans,  of  Asiatic  origin,  must  be  re- 
garded as  essentially  Papuans — Asiatic 
Papuans,  if  you  please,  that  is  a  mixture 
of  this  race  with  the  Polynesians  like  the 
Fijians  and  most  of  the  Pacific  islanders, 
as  distinguished  from  present  inhabitants 
of  New  Guinea. 

This  is  warranted,  I  think,  by  the  shape 
of  skull,  the  color  of  skin,  and  thecharacter 
of  hair.  If  originally  Papuans,  by  persecu- 
tions they  have  retrograded,  until  now  the 
evolutionist  may  find  in  them,  as  in  many 
Japanese,  the  nearest  approach  to  Darwin's 
**missing  link." 

The  Negrito,  like  the  Japanese  in  his  vil- 
lage hut,  is  not  far  above  such  an  ape  as 
might  have  been  ancestor  of  man — with  the 
cerebral   convolutions  of  the  orang,    the 


skull  of  the  chimpanz;?e,  the  limbs  of  the 
gorilla,  and  the  chest  of  the  Gibbon;  ex- 
cept that  he  can  make  a  fire  and  cook  his 
food,  instead  of  eating  carp — raw  and  quiv- 
ering, as  the  Japanese  still  do. 

The  Japanese  is  the  only  race  by  inter- 
marriage with  which  the  Negrito  can  still 
further  lower  its  stature. 

Mr.  R.  G.  Haliburton,  with  whom  I  had, 
some  ytars  ago,  a  privileged  correspondence 
on  the  subject  of  dwarfing,  the  author  of 
**  Dwarf  Survivals  and  Traditions  qs  to 
Pygmy  Races,'*  and  of  ''Survivals  of 
Dwarf  Races  in  the  New  World,"  wrote  me: 
**  The  influence  of  atavism  accounts  for  all 
the  cases  of  dwarfs  that  are  not  the  result 
of  rickets." 

"Atavism,"  says  Mr.  Haliburton,  **is 
very  enduring  and  far-reaching,  and  gen- 
erations, or  rather  centuries,  are  not  able 
to  efface  the  traces  of  racial  or  even  family 
traits,  as  can  be  seen  in  family  portraits. 


SONS  OF  MARTHA. 

The  Sons  of  Mary  seldom  bother. 

For  they  have  inherited  that  good  part; 
But  the  Sons  of  Martha  favor  their  mother. 

Of  the  careful  soul  and  the  troubled  heart; 
And  because  she  lost  her  temper  once. 

And  because  she  was  rude  to  the  Lord,  her  Guest, 
Her  Sons  must  wait  upon  Mary's  Sons — 

World  without  end,  reprieve,  or  rest. 

Lift  ye  the  stone  or  cleave  the  wood, 

To  make  a  path  more  fair  or  flat— 
Lo!  it  is  black  already  with  blood 

Some  Sons  of  Martha  spilled  for  that. 

And  the  Sons  of  Mary  smile  and  are  blessed— 

They  know  the  angels  are  on  their  side. 
They  know  in  them  is  the  grace  confessed, 

And  for  them  are  the  Mercies  multiplied. 
They  sit  at  the  Feet,  and  they  hear  the  Word— 

They  know  how  truly  the  promise  runs. 
They  have  cast  their  btirden  upon  the  Lord, 

And— the  Lord  He  lays  it  on  Martha's  Sons. 

— RuDVARD  Kipling. 


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784  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


EDITORIAL 

By  SAMUEL  COMPERS. 

VAN  CLEAVE  ^^^^°K  ^^^  session  of  the  Executive  Council  of  the  Ameri- 
SEEKS  IN-  c^"  Federation  of  Labor,  August  19th,  at  Washington, 
JUNCTION  D.  C,  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company  of  St.  Louis, 
AGAINST  through  its    president,  Mr.   J.    W.    Van    Cleave,    served 

A.  F.  OF  L.  notice  of  injunction  proceedings  citing  the  entire  Execu- 

tive Council  and  others  to  court  as  follows: 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor,  a  voluntary  association,  having  its  office  and 
headquarters  at  Nos.  423-5  G  street  N.  W.,  Washington,  in  the  District  of  Columbia, 
many  of  whose  individual  members  reside  in  the  District  of  Columbia;  Samuel  Gompers, 
of  said  Washington,  individually,  and  as  a  member  of,  and  the  president  and  agent  of, 
and  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council  of  the  said  American  Federation  of  Labor;  Frank 
Morrison  of  said  Washington,  individually  and  as  a  member  of,  and  the  secretary  and 
agent  of,  and  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council  of  said  American  Federation  of  Labor; 
John  B.  Lennon,  of  Bloomington,  III.,  individually,  and  as  a  member  of,  and  the 
treasurer  an^  agent  of,  and  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council  of  said  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor;  James  Duncan  of  Quincy,  Mass.;  John  Mitchell,  of  Indianapolis,  Ind.; 
James  O'Connell,  of  Washington,  D.  C;  Max  Morris,  of  Denver,  Colo.;  Denis  A.  Hayes, 
of  Philadelphia,  Pa^;  Daniel  J.  Keefe,  of  Detroit,  Mich.;  William  D.  Huber,  of  Indian- 
apolis, Ind.,  and  Joseph  F.  Valentine,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,"  individually  and  as  members 
of,  and  the  vice-presidents  and  agents  of,  and  members  of  the  Executive  Council  of  said 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  who  with  the  said  president,  secretary  and  treasurer, 
compose  the  Executive  Council  of  said  the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  and  having 
their  offices  and  headquarters  as  such  Executive  Council  at  Nos.  423-5  G  street  N.  W., 
in  said  Washington;  Rodney  L.  Thixton,  Clinton  O.  Buckingham,  Herman  C.  Poppe, 
Arthur  J.  Williams,  and  Edward  L.  Hickman,  all  of  sletid  Washington,  D.  C,  and  Samuel 
R.  Copper,  of  Falls  Church,  Va.,  as  individuals  and  as  officers  and  agents  of  and  mem- 
bers of  the  Electrotype  Molders'  and  Finishers*  Union  No.  17,  and  members  of  the  Inter- 
national Stereotypers'  and  the  Electrotypers'  Union  and  members  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor,  and  the  Electrotype  Molders*  and  Finishers'  Union  No.  17. 

The  bill  of  complaint  alleges  that  the  patronage  of  the  Buck's  Stove 
and  Range  Company  of  St.  Louis  has  been  greatly  lessened  in  many  parts 
of  the  country  and  is  threatened  with  ruination,  all  because  the  Executive 
Council  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  approved  the  action  of  the 
International  Brotherhood  of  Foundry  Employes  in  declaring  the  product 
of  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company  unfair,  and  because  that  fact  was 
published  in  the  ''We  Don't  Patronize''  list  of  the  American  Federa- 
TiONisT.  A  lot  of  immaterial  matters  are  incorporated  in  the  bill  of  com- 
plaint, and  counsel  for  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  have  made  mo- 
tions to  strike  these  out  in  order  that  the  case  and  particularly  the  principle 
involved  may  be  fully  tested  in  court. 

The  Executive  Council  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  has 
decided  to  make  this  a  test  case  if  it  possibly  can  be  done,  and  if  necessary, 
to  bring  it  upon  appeal  to  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States.    Of 

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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  785 

course,  it  is  well  known  that  the  National  Association  of  Manufacturers 
and  the  so-called  '^Citizens'  Industrial  Alliance"  (of  both  of  which  Mr.  Van 
Cleave  is  president,  as  well  as  being  president  of  the  Buck's  Stove  and 
Range  Company)  have  raised  a  war  fund  of  $500,000  for  this  year,  and 
propose  to  raise  another  million  dollars  within  the  coming  two  years  to 
crush  organized  labor. 

When  Mr.  Van  Cleave  recommended  to  the  National  Association  of 
Manufacturers  the  creation  of  this  fund,  and  the  convention  of  the  association 
adopted  the  policy,  we  pointed  this  out.  How  much  of  the  $500,000  available 
for  this  year's  campaign  of  ''education*'  by  the  manufacturers'  association  is 
to  be  utilized  in  its  suit  against  the  Executive  Council  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  we  are  not  certain,  but  this  we  do  know,  that  long 
after  the  Van  Cleave  war  fund  has  been  exhausted,  and  the  ignorant,  hos- 
tile National  Association  of  Manufacturers  has  gone  out  of  existence.  Labor 
will  give  its  patronage  to  its  friends  and  withhold  it  from  its  enemies.  In 
other  words.  Labor  will  utilize  every  lawful  weapon  within  its  power  to 
protect  its  rights  and  to  advance  the  cause  of  justice  and  humanity. 

So  long  as  the  right  of  free  speech  and  free  press  obtains,  we  shall 
publish  the  truth  in  regard  to  all  matters.  If  any  person  or  association 
challenges  the  accuracy  of  any  of  our  statements,  we  are  willing  to  meet  him 
or  them  in  the  courts  and  defend  ourselves.  So  long  as  we  do  not  print 
anything  which  is  libelous  or  seditious,  we  propose  to  maintain  our  rights 
and  exercise  liberty  of  speech  and  the  liberty  of  the  press.  If  for  any 
reason,  at  anytime,  the  name  of  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company 
does  not  appear  upon  the  "  We  Don't  Patronize'^  list  of  the  American  Fed- 
ERATioNiST  (unless  that  company  becomes  fair  in  its  dealings  toward  La- 
bor), all  will  understand  that  the  right  of  free  speech  and  free  press  are 
denied  us;  but  even  this  will  in  no  way  deprive  us,  or  our  fellow- work  men 
and  those  who  sympathize  with  our  cause,  from  exercising  their  lawful 
right  and  privilege  of  withholding  their  patronage  from  the  Van  Cleave 
Company — the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company  of  St.  Louis. 

So  far  as  we  are  personally  and  officially  concerned,  we  have  fully 
stated  our  position  in  the  American  Federationist  and  elsewhere. 

Do  not  fail  to  keep  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company  of  St.  Louis 
in  mind  and  remember  that  it  is  on  the  unfair  list  of  organized  labor  of 
America. 

TAFT,  THE  Since  the  announcement  that  Secretary  Wm.  H.  Taft  is  an 
INJUNCTION  avowed  aspirant  for  the  preisidential  nomination,  it  has  been 
STANDARD-  arranged  that  he  should  deliver  a  number  of  addresses  on 
BEARER.  jjjg  ^^y  westward,  making  a  visit  to  the  Philippines,  Japan, 

and  China,  and  do  such  *'  other  things  "  as  will  tend  to  further  his  aspira- 
tion. He  recently  delivered  the  first  formal  address  at  Columbus,  Ohio, 
and  then  at  diflFerent  points,  reaching  Oklahoma  City,  and  thence  to  Seattle. 
In  each  speech  he  discussed  several  important  questions  of  general  or  local 
character.  In  the  last  few  addresses  he  devoted  considerable  of  his  time  and 
attention  to  the  subject  of  injunctions,  and  to  this  we  desire  to  call  especial 
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786  AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 

One  of  the  reasons  which  he  gave  for  advising  the  people  of  Oklahoma 
to  reject  the  constitution  was  that,  in  his  opinion,  it  contained  a  bad  and 
dangerous  limitation  upon  the  power  of  the  courts  to  grant  and  enforce 
writs  of  injunction.  Mr.  Taft,  it  appears,  was  very  ** strong'*  and  ** out- 
spoken "  in  his  handling  of  this  question. 

The  injunction,  he  declared,  was  one  of  the  most  valuable,  beneficent, 
and  essential  instruments  of  law  and  justice.  It  was  even  more  necessary 
for  the  protection  of  the  poor  than  of  the  rich,  and  to  limit  it  in  any  way 
would  put  mpre  power  in  the  hands  of  rich  criminals  and  oppressors. 

The  provision  to  which  he  so  seriously  objected  did  not,  however, 
limit  the  power  to  tssue  injunctions.  It  only  limited  the  power  of  judges  to 
punish  alleged  violators  of  injunctions,  to  send  them  to  prison  for  alleged 
contempt  of  court  without  trial  by  jury.  It  is  to  the  intervention  of  a  jury 
between  the  injunction  and  the  sentence  for  contempt  that  the  Secretary 
took  exception. 

It  does  not  appear  that  he  was  in  a  humorous  mood.  He  seemed 
wholly  in  earnest,  he  argued  that  it  is  essential  to  the  protection  of 
the  poor  man  that  judges  should  have  the  power  to  find  men  guilty  of  con- 
tempt and  give  them  prison  sentences  without  referring  the  facts  of  the 
case  to  a  jury  of  the  defendant's  peers. 

Now,  we  do  not  think  it  necessary  to  enter  into  any  prolonged  con- 
troversy with  Mr.  Taft  on  this  point.  Organized  labor  is  quite  competent 
to  judge  how  much  the  power  of  judges  to  declare  meti  guilty  of  contempt 
and  condemn  them  to  imprisonment  has,  in  the  past,  benefited  the  poor 
man  or  is  likely  to  benefit  him  in  the  future.  The  idea  that  the  rich  would 
derive  advantage  from  the  limitation  of  this  power  suggested  by  the  Okla- 
homans  (a  limitation  made  necessary  by  the  developments  of  the  last  10  or 
12  years)  will  appear  to  all  intelligent  workmen  as  a  solemn  joke — which 
it  is. 

The  argument,  however,  becomes  interesting  in  conn^tion  with  Mr. 
Taft's  aspirations  in  the  political  field.  It  shows  that  he  has  not  changed 
his  position  since  his  campaign  in  Congressman  Littlefield's  district  last 
year.  Now,  as  then,  he  ignores  all  the  fundamental  and  vital  objections 
to  the  abuse  of  the  injunction  and  the  consequent  abolition  of  trial  by  jury 
in  labor  cases.  He  still  seeks  to  evade  the  issue,  to  find  sophistical  reasons 
for  upholding  a  monstrous  abuse.  He  has  learned  nothing  and  forgotten 
nothing  on  the  subject  since  his  career  as  a  judge  of  the  Federal  Circuit 
Court.  He  was  one  of  the  early  injunction  judges,  and  as  statesman  and 
politician  he  is  evidently  determined  to  defend  his  record. 

Even  when  he  was  a  judge  of  an  inferior  Ohio  court — the  Superior  Court 
of  Cincinnati — he  rendered  a  sweeping  decision  denying  the  legality  of  a  per- 
fectly peaceable  boycott  of  what  has  been  called  the  * 'secondary"  kind. 
A  union  had  declared  a  boycott  against  a  certain  firm  for  good,  sufficient, 
and  admittedly,  legal  reasons.  When  other  firms,  upon  request,  refused  to 
stop  dealing  with  the  boycotted  employer,  the  latter  in  turn  were  quietly 
and  peacefully  boycotted.  Judge  Taft  not  only  declared  that  men  had  no 
right  to  institute  such  * 'secondary"  boycotts^-that   is,  to   refuse   to  give 

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AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  m 

their  patronage  to  firms  dealing  with  their  enemies — but  he  indulged  at 
some  length  in  reflections  and  dicta  which  implied  that  even  * 'primary** 
boycotts,  no  matter  how  peaceable,  are  illegal  when  they  are  the  result  of 
combination  and  are  intended  to  ''coerce**  the  persons  boycotted.  The 
opinion  contained  some  glittering  generalities  about  the  right  to  organize 
and  to  strike,  even  in  large  numbers  and  for  "doubtful**  reasons,  but  it 
held  that  unions  which  declare  and  maintain  boycotts,  even  of  the  primary 
order,  become  malicious  and  oppressive  combinations,  dangerous  to  the  peace 
and  well-being  of  the  community.  In  other  words,  men  who  quietly  trade 
with  those  who  are  friendly  to  them,  and  who  refrain  from  patronizing, 
and  ask  their  friends  to  refrain  from  patronizing,  those  who  are  hostile  to 
them,  directly  or  indirectly,  are  malicious  disturbers  of  order  and  liable  to 
punishment. 

An  apologist  tells  us  that  Judge  Taft  did  not  make  the  law,  but  only 
declared  and  applied  it,  in  rendering  this  radical  decision.  Yet  the  same 
;  apologist  admits  that  "  the  case  has  been  a  leading  one  **  ever  since,  and 
that  Judge  Taft  "  brilliantly  applied  old  principles  to  new  situations.**  The 
distinction  between  judicial  legislation  and  making  novel  or  brilliant  appli- 
cations of  old  principles,  and  thus  establishing  precedents — is  about  as  sub- 
stantial as  that  between  tweedledee  and  tweedledum. 

As  judge  of  the  Federal  Circuit  Court,  Taft  had  to  deal  with  some  far- 
reaching  injunction  and  contempt  cases.  In  the  Toledo  and  Ann  Arbor 
railroad  case  he  decided  that  the  locomotive  engineers  of  certain  roads  had 
no  legal  right  to  refuse  to  handle  the  freight  of  another  road  that  was  in- 
volved in  a  strike  and  employing  non-union  labor.  Though,  he  said,  the 
relation  between  the  roads  and  the  engineers  was  one  of  free  contract,  and 
the  latter  might  strike  for  any  reason,  they  could  not,  while  holding  their 
positions,  discriminate  in  the  handling  of  freight.  A  refusal  to  handle  cer- 
tain freight  would  amount  to  a  violation  of  the  Interstate  Commerce  Law 
and  a  conspiracy  against  the  government,  as  well  as  against  the  railroads 
employing  them.  This  decision  compelled  the  Brotherhood  of  Locomotive 
Engineers  to  abrogate  one  of  its  rules  and  change  what  it  believed  to  be  a 
perfectly  legal  method. 

In  the  Phelan  contempt  case  of  1894  Judge  Taft  decided  that  a  union 
official  had  no  right  to  "incite**  a  peaceable  strike  among  the  employes  of  a 
railroad  in  order  to  help  striking  employes  of  another  road  or  carrier. 
Phelan  was  adjudged  guilty  of  contempt  for  violation  of  an  omnibus  in- 
junction against  "interference"  with  a  certain  railroad.  If  he  had  urged 
the  men  to  strike  for  higher  wages,  the  judge  held,  he  would  have  been 
within  his  rights;  but  as  he  had  urged  a  purely  sympathetic  strike,  he  had 
committed  a  crime,  for  a  sympathetic  strike  was  a  boycott,  and  a  sympathetic 
boycott  was  a  conspiracy.  This  case  has  also  been  "a  leading  one**  and 
has  often  been  cited  by  anti-labor  attorneys  seeking  injunctions  against 
sympathetic  strikes  and  peaceful  boycotts. 

The  opinion  of  Judge  Taft  contained  some  expressions  that  were  favor- 
able to  organization  and  to  "selfish**  strikes;  but  these  were  not,  and  have 
not  been,  of  any  value.     It  is  too  late  in  the  day  to  attempt  to  make  all 


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788  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

strikes  criminal  or  to  prohibit  combinations  of  labor.  What  the  militant 
plutocrats  now  want  is  the  outlawing  not  only  of  sympathetic  but  all 
strikes  under  any  circumstances  and  of  all  boycotts,  direct  or  indirect, 
primary  or  secondary.  The  Taft  decisions  have  furnished  them  with 
ammunition  and  weapons. 

Secretary  Xaft  is  not  above  seeking  to  influence  Congress  adversely  on 
pending  legislation  demanded  by  Labor.  He  has  nothing  to  say  with  refer- 
ence to  any  measure  aimed,  or  rather  that  should  be  aimed  at  corporate 
extortion  and  other  ills  that  aiQict  the  people.  The  fear  that  the  power  of 
the  courts  may  be  curtailed  in  their  attempt  to  usurp  legislative  powers  and 
paralyze  labor  in  any  dispute  with  capital  (with  the  labor  side  absent  and 
unheard)  appears  to  be  next  his  heart,  or  on  his  nerves. 

After-  the  expression  of  a  superficial  and  erroneous  view  as  to  what 
should,  and  what  should  not,  constitute  property,  he  says: 

So  you  see  Mr.  Gompers'  proposition  lacks  justice  at  the  foundation.  See  what  the 
effect  would  be.    It  would  make  a  favored  class  of  wrongdoers  among  the  workingmen. 

So  that  Labor's  position  on  the  subject  of  the  injunction  abuse  may 
be  clearly  understood,  we  set  forth  some  of  the  fundamental  principles  of 
equity  upon  which  Labor  bases  its  claims. 

The  writ  of  injunction  was  intended  to  be  exercised  for  the  protection 
of  property  rights  only. 

He  who  would  seek  its  aid  must  come  into  court  with  clean  hands. 

There  must  be  no  other  adequate  remedy  at  law. 

It  must  never  be  used  to  curtail  personal  rights. 

It  must  not  be  used  ever  in  an  eflFort  to  punish  crime. 

It  must  not  be  used  as  a  means  to  set  aside  trial  by  jury. 

We  protest  against  the  discrimination  of  .the  courts  against  the  laboring 
men  of  our  country  which  deprives  them  of  their  constitutional  guarantee 
of  equality  before  the  law. 

The  injunctions  which  the  courts  issue  against  Labor  are  supposed  by 
them  to  be  good  enough  law  today,  when  there  exists  a  dispute  between 
workmen  and  their  employers;  but  it  is  not  good  law,  in  fact,  is  not  law  at 
all,  tomorrow  or  next  day  when  no  such  dispute  exists. 

Injunctions  as  issued  against  workmen  are  never  used  or  issued  against 
any  other  citizen  of  our  country. 

It  is  an  attempt  to  deprive  citizens  of  our  country,  when  these  citizens 
are  workmen,  of  the  right  of  trial  by  jury. 

It  is  an  effort  to  fasten  an  offense  on  them  when  they  are  innocent  of 
any  wrongdoing. 

It  is  an  indirect  assertion  of  a  property  right  in  men  when  these  men 
are  workmen  engaged  in  a  lawful  effort  to  protect  or  advance  their  natural 
rights  and  interests.  Injunctions  as  issued  in  trade  disputes  are  to  make 
outlaws  of  men  when  they  are  not  even  charged  with  doing  things  in  viola- 
tion of  any  law  of  state  or  nation. 

Injunctions  issued  in  labor  disputes  are  not  based  on  law,  but  are  a 
species  of  judicial  legislation — ^judicial  usurpation  in  the  interest  of  the 
money  power  against  workmen,  innocent  of  any  unlawful  or  criminal  act,  the 
doing  of  the  lawful  acts  rendering  the  workers  guilty  of  contempt  ^(-^pY^lp 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  789 

•  The  writ  of  injunction  is  in  itself  a  beneficent  writ  for  the  protection  of 
property  rights,  but  it  never  was  intended  and  never  should  be  applied  to 
deprive  men  of  their  personal  rights  or  the  right  of  man's  ownership  of 
himself;  the  right  of  freedom  of  locomotion;  freedom  of  assembly;  freedom 
of  association;  the  freedom  of  doing  those  things,  which  promote  life, 
liberty,  and  the  pursuit  of  happiness,  and  which  are  not  in  violation  of  law. 

Labor  asks  no  immunity  for  any  man  who  may  be  guilty  of  unlawful 
or  criminal  conduct.  But  we  do  insist  that  when  a  workman  is  charged 
with  a  crime  he  shall  be  tried  by  the  same  process  of  law  as  any  other 
citizen.  Any  other  method  is  repugnant  to  the  constitution  and  the  laws 
of  the  country.  It  is  a  shock  to  the  conscience  of  our  people;  the  spirit 
and  genius  of  our  republic.  Against  any  other  view  we  protest;  with 
anything  less  we  shall  not  be  content. 

The  injunctions  against  which  we  protest  are  flagrantly,  and  without 
warrant  of  law,  issued  almost  daily  in  some  section  of  our  country. 

President  Samuel  Gompers  said  in  his  Labor  Day  speech  at  the  James- 
town Exposition: 

''An  injunction  is  now  being  sought  from  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
District  of  Columbia  against  myself  and  my  colleagues  of  the  Executive 
Council  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor.  It  seeks  to  enjoin  us  from 
doing  perfectly  lawful  acts;  to  deprive  us  of  our  lawful  and  constitutional 
rights. 

"So  far  as  I  am  concerned,  let  me  say  that  never  have  I  nor  ever  will  I 
violate  a  law. 

'*I  desire  it  to  be  clearly  understood  that  when  any  court  undertakes, 
without  warrant  of  law,  by  the  injunction  process,  to  deprive  me  of  my 
personal  rights  and  my  personal  liberty  guaranteed  by  the  constitution,  I 
shall  have  no  hesitancy  in  asserting  and  exercising  those  rights. 

'*And  it  may  not  be  amiss  to  sound  a  word  of  warning  and  advice  to 
such  of  the  rampant,  vindictive,  greedy  employers,  who  seek  to  rob  the 
working  people  of  our  country  of  their  lawful  and  constitutional  rights  by 
the  unwarranted  injunction  process.  The  workmen  of  the  United  States 
are  citizens,  are  men.  They  are  intelligent  and  stand  erect,  looking  their 
fellow-citizens  squarely  in  the  face,  asking  no  immunity  or  favors,  but 
asserting  their  equal  rights  with  all  other  men.  They  can  and  will  main- 
tain their  equality  before  the  law,  all  the  contesting  money  power  iq 
contrary  notwithstanding.  The  full  power  of  labor  has  never  yet  been 
exercised  in  defense  of  its  rights.     It  is  not  Wise  to  compel  its  exercise.'* 

Secretary  Taf t  seems  to  be  bidding  for  the  support  of  Van  Cleave's 
manufacturers'  association,  and  would  at  the  same  time  convey  the  im- 
pression.that  he  is  awfully  sensitive  on  the  subject  of  special  privileges. 

It  has  been  shown  time  and  again  that  what  Labor  asks  by  the  pending 
anti-injunction  bill  is  simply  a  restoration  of  that  equality  of  treatment  by 
the  courts  with  other  interests  which  was  enjoyed  prior  to  the  establishment 
of  recent  precedents — in  the  establishments  of  which,  by  the  way,  Judge 
Taft  himself  took  a  leading  part.  If  the  mere  right  to  do  business,  which 
is  no  more  than  the  right  to  pursue  a  calling  or  vocation,  is  property  to  be 
protected  by  injunction,  then,  in  order  to  preserve  the  equality  for  which 
he  is  so  solicitous,  the  courts  should  aid  the  wage-earner  to  hold  his  job  and 
protect  him  by  injunction  against  discharge,  even  for  cause.     But  that  is  a  j 

proposition  the  absurdity  of  which  every  workingman  sees  at  a  glanid^.^OOQlC 


790  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

Secretary  Taft's  contention  with  reference  to  what  he  terms  the 
**boycott/*  would,  if  carried  to  its  logical  result,  lead  to  the  dispersion  and 
forcible  breaking  up,  by  court  orders,  of  every  assemblage  of  working- 
men,  however  innocent  or  lawful  their  purpose,  and  to  the  nullification  of 
all  their  agreements. 

The  fact  of  the  matter  is  that  Secretary  Taft  as  a  presidential  aspirant 
is  ''afeared'*  he  may  have  ruffled  a  feather  here  and  there  in  the  plume  of 
capitalist  power.  His  parting  words  are  to  console  corporate  influence  and 
the  money  power  for  any  uneasiness  as  to  his  position.  He  substantially 
assures  them  that  if  they  will  but  give  him  their  support,  he  will  hand  over 
to  the  tender  mercies  of  the  worst  elements  of  the  capitalists'  class  the  work- 
ingmen  of  the  United  States,  bound  hand  and  foot,  shackled  by  injunctions 
for  which  he  will  stand. 

FEDERAL  Organized  labor  is  aware  how  unwilling,  reluctant,  and 

INJUNCTIONS  unfair  Congress  and  most  of  the  legislatures  have  been 
JOLT-ED-  in  the  treatment  of  the  vital  and  fundamental  question  of 

LABOR'S  government  by  injunction,  which  involves  the  denial  to 

CONTENTION  strikers,  pickets,  sympathizers,  and  others  the  right  of 
trial  by  jury,  and  the  possibility  of  punishment  for  con- 
tempt at  the  whim  of  the  court  for  actions  perfectly  legitimate— actions  no 
jury  would  ever  declare  criminal  or  unlawful. 

During  many  years  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  and  central 
and  local  organizations  of  labor  fought  hard  for  the  limitation  of  the' use  of 
the  injunction  and  the  vindication  of  law  and  justice.  For  this  we  and  they 
have  been  denounced  by  politicians  and  newspapers  of  a  certain  class  as 
enemies  of  the  courts,  disturbers  of  the  peace,  seekers  of  special  privileges, 
and  what  not.  We  have  been  told  that  the  judges,  state  and  federal,  have 
done  nothing  by  their  injunctions,  contempt  cases,  and  arbitrary  sentences 
to  which  a  law-abiding  American  should  take  exception;  that  Labor  has 
been  treated  as  all  other  classes  are  treated,  and  that  everything  is  for  the 
best  in  this  best  of  all  possible  injunction-governed  worlds. 

Some  of  the  highest  public  officials  have  admitted  that  the  injunction 
process  has  been  abused  in  labor  cases,  but  they  would  not  recommend 
any  remedial  legislation  save  as  regards  notice  and  a  hearing  on  applica- 
tion for  restraining  writs  in  *' non-emergency"  cases.  We  have  not  thanked 
them  for  such  small  and  doubtful  favors,  especially  since,  in  truth,  their 
proposals  would  legalize  and  sanction  the  abuse  of  injunction  rule  and 
make  our  last  state  worse  than  our  first. 

Recently  another  chapter  has  been  added  to  the  literature  of  the  in- 
j  unction  question.  It  is  a  very  instructive  and  interesting  chapter.  Labor 
should  take  it  to  heart  and  profit  by  it. 

We  refer  to  the  recent  so-called  State  Federal  war  over  the  rate  reduc- 
tion laws  and  the  terms  of  settlement  that  have  been  negotiated  in  some  of 
the  states — notably  North  Carolina,  Alabama  and  Virginia.  There  are 
plutocratic  editors  who  say  that  the  United  States  has  ignominiously  sur- 
rendered; that  the  President  has  missed  a  great  opportunity  to  emulate 
Jackson;  that  the  South  is  again   threatening  secession  and  preaching  scdi- 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST  '  791 

tion  and  nullification,  and  that  the  southern  governors  have  acted  wildly 
and  ** madly."  Plenty  of  abuse  has  been  heaped  upon  the  head  of  Gov- 
ernor Glenn  and  not  a  little  upon  that  of  Governor  Comer.  But  they 
laugh  best  who  laugh  last,  and  they  have  won  and  have  the  laugh  over  the 
rash  defenders  of  nullification  by  injunction. 

Our  readers  know  the  essential  points  in  the  controversy.  At  any  rate, 
this  is  not  the  proper  place  for  a  review  of  the  merits  of  the  several  contro- 
versies, or  for  the  expression  of  definite  opinions  concerning  the  propriety 
of  the  course  of  the  Southern  executives.  But  the  fact  that  compromises 
have  been  forced  on  injunction-mad  judges,  usurpers  who  claim  the  power 
to  suspend  state  statutes  without  even  ruling  on  their  constitutionality,  to 
restrain  state  railroad  commissions  from  completing  legal  functions  and 
duties,  or  from  publishing  orders  or  announcing  decision^  reached  after 
patient  inquiries,  to  treat  state  legislatures  and  state  courts  with  contempt 
dnd  grant  injunctions  on  ex  parte  testimony  of  the  windiest  and  most  worth- 
less character,  to  declare  penal  sections  of  state  laws  unreasonable,  without 
regard  to  the  purposes  of  the  laws  themselves,  just  because  these  sections 
have  '*  teeth  "  and  are  really  eflFectual — this  fact,  we  say,  is  cheering,  inspir- 
ing and  significant. 

The  federal  courts  have  long  needed  such  a  lesson.  They  have  been 
encroaching,  meddling,  adding  to  their  powers,  acting  in  arrogant,  high- 
handed ways  and  assuming  to  be  the  whole  government.  They  have  not 
only  been  enlarging  their  jurisdiction  but  changing  the  character  of  the 
weapons  intrusted  to  them. 

Public  sentiment  in  the  South  would  not  tolerate  such  usurpation  and 
invasion,  and  the  judges  of  the  Pritchard  type  have  had  to  capitulate,  with 
their  corporate  clients  and  owners.  They  have  been  reminded  of  the  fact 
that  at  times  the  people  make  the  laws  for  the  courts,  and  that  this  country 
is  not  yet  an  oligarchy  of  plutocrats  and  their  judicial  servants. 

Injunctions  in  labor  cases  are  even  less  defensible  than  those  which 
provoked  the  indignation  of  the  South  and  resulted  in  the  successful  protest 
against  judicial  invasion  and  tyranny. 

An  equally  powerful  sentiment,  an  organized  opposition,  a  vigorous 
and  sustained  protest  on  the  part  of  all  the  organized  workers  and  their 
justice-loving  friends  can  not  fail  to  produce  a  like  result  in  the  sphere 
that  directly  concerns  labor.  The  injunction  abuse  must  go,  and  labor 
must  recover  its  constitutional  rights. 


EDITORIAL  NOTES. 

So  labor  must  not  use  its  patronage  as  it  will — that  is,  if  Van  Cleave 
of  Buck*s  Stove  and  Range  Company  fame  has  his  way.  But  what  vested 
right  has  that  company  in  the  patronage  of  labor  or  of  labor's  friends?  It 
is  their  own  to  withhold  or  bestow  as  their  interest  or  fancy  may  direct. 

Th^y  have  a  lawful  right  to  do  as  they  wish,  all  the  Van  Cleaves, 
all  the  injunctions,  all  the  fool  or  vicious  opponents  to  the  contrary  not- 
withstanding. 

Wonder  whether  Van  Cleave  will  try  for  an  injunctioi^'^g^fepefling 


792  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

union  men  and  their  friends  to  buy  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company's 
unfair  product? 

Until  a  law  is  passed  making  it  compulsory  upon  labor  men  to  buy 
Van  Cleave's  stoves  we  need  not  buy  them,  we  won't  buy  them,  and  we 
will  persuade  other  fair-minded,  sympathetic  friends  to  co-operate  with  ns 
and  leave  the  blamed  things  alone. 

Go  to with  your  injunctions. 


When  the  most  sordid  and  vicious  in  the  capitalist  class  combine  to 
crush  the  hopes  and  aspirations  of  the  toiling,  wealth-producing  masses, 
it  behooves  all  the  workers  to  organize,  unite,  and  federate  for  the  common 
good. 


The  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company  of  St.  Louis  (of  which  Mr, 
Van  Cleave  is  president),  will  continue  to  he  regarded  and  treated  as  un- 
fair until  it  comes  to  an  honorable  agreement  with  organized  labor.  And 
this,  too,  whether  or  not  it  appears  on  the  **  We  Don't  Patronize"  list. 


From  all  parts  of  the  continent  come  the  encourag^ng'reports  that 
Labor  Day,  1907,  was  celebrated  by  demonstrations,  parades,  addresses, 
and  social  gatherings,  participated  in  by  greater  numbers  and  with  more  in- 
spiring enthusiasm  than  at  any  time  in  the  history  of  labor.  The  toilers 
of  America  are  not  going  to  surrender  the  day  of  all  the  days  in  the  year 
peculiarly  their  own;  consecrated  to  their  cause,  their  hopes,  and  aspira- 
tions. Long  live  Labor  Day,  with  its  distinctive  characteristics  and  demon- 
strations of  power,  grit,  and  determination  to  struggle  for  right,  justice, 
and  humanity. 


It  is  not  yet  fully  understood  how  much  good  the  labor  movement  has 
already  accomplished  in  the  life  of  mankind,  nor  how  much  it  is  its  mission 
to  achieve. 


The  Norfolk  convention  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  promises 
to  be  ont  of  the  most  interesting  gatherings  in  the  history  of  labor  here  or 
elsewhere.  Questions  of  the  greatest  moment  to  the  toilers  of  our  country 
must  be  discussed  and  decided.  The  ways  and  means  must  be  found  for 
the  organization  of  the  yet  unorganized.  The  spirit  of  unity,  fraternity, 
and  solidarity  must  be  more  strongly  fostered,  and  the  hosts  of  labor  in- 
spired by  the  guiding  star  of  hope  for  liberty,  justice,  and  humanity. 


In  view  of  the  combined  attacks  of  the  worst  elements  of  the  capitalist 
class,  reinforced  by  sycophantic  judges,  and  supported  by  subservient 
politicians,  it  behooves  the  wealth  producers  to  organize  more  tho/oughly 
than  ever,  and  the  organized  toilers  to  be  more  alert,  earnest,  and  deter- 
mined to  stand  for  the  right  and  for  justice,  not  only  for  themselves,  but 

^^^^^^-  Digitized  by  L^OOgle 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  793 

Van  Cleave — Post — Parry  and  their  outfits,  called  the  National  Asso- 
ciation or  * '  Citizens'  Alliance  *  *  or  known  by  any  other  name,  however 
euphonious — when  did  they  ever  utter  an  ennobling  thought  or  do  an  act  in  ^ 
the  interest  of  humanity?  All  their  talk  of  the  liberty  of  their  workmen  is 
the  hypocrisy  of  the  sordid  employer  who  wants  his  labor  cheap;  the 
* 'master**  who  aims  at  the  enslavement  of  labor. 


The  people  of  British  Columbia  are  up  in  arms  against  the  awful  in- 
flux of  Asiatic  laborers.  In  Vancouver  a  few  days  ago  the  feeling  ran  so 
high  as  to  literally  drive  the  Asiatics  out  of  the  city.  The  ponderous 
London  Times  foolishly  attributes  that  movement  to  ''American  labor 
agitators."  That  paper  evidently  underestimates  the  intelligence  of  the 
working  people  of  British  Columbia  and  their  determination  to  protect  their 
rights  and  interests;  to  preserve  their  country  and  civilization  against  the 
terrors  of  Asiatic  industrial  invasion  and  moral  inundation*. 


.  Our  readers  may  well  give  their  attention  to  the  following  law  passed 
last  December  by  the  British  Parliament,  and  then  judge  whether  or  not  it 
is  virtually  the  substance  of  the  bill  the  passage  of  which  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  has  sought  at  the  hands  of  Congress: 

"An  act  done  in  pursuance  of  an  agreement  or  combination  by  two  or 
more  persons  shall,  if  done  in  contemplation  or  furtherance  of  a  trade  dis- 
pute, not  be  actionable  unless  the  act,  if  done  without  any  such  agreement 
or  combination,  would  be  actionable.** 

2.  (1)  It  shall  be  lawful  for  one  or  more  persons,  acting  on  their  own 
behalf  or  on  behalf  of  a  trade  union  or  of  an  individual  employer  or  firm  in 
contemplation  or  furtherance  of  a  trade  dispute,  to  attend  at  or  near  a 
house  or  place  where  a  person  resides  or  works  or  carries  on  business  or 
happens  to  be,  if  they  so  attend  merely  for  the  purpose  of  peacefully  obtain- 
ing or  communicating  information,  or  of  peacefully  persuading  any  person 
to  work  or  abstain  from  working. 

4.  (1)  An  action  against  a  trade  union,  whether  of  workmen  or 
masters,  or  against  any  members  or  officials  thereof  on  behalf  of  themselves 
and  all  other  members  of  the  trade  union  in  respect  of  any  tortious  act 
alleged  to  have  been  committed  by  or  on  behalf  of  the  trade  union,  shall 
not  be  entertained  by  any  court. 

(2)  Nothing  in  this  section  shall  affect  the  liability  of  the  trustees  of 
a  trade  union  to  be  sued  in  the  events  provided  for  by  the  Trades  Union 
Acts,  1871,  section  nine,  except  in  respect  of  any  tortious  act  committed  by 
or  on  behalf  of  the  union  in  contemplation  or  in  furtherance  of  a  trade 
dispute. 

(3)  In  this  act  and  in  the  Conspiracy  and  Protection  of  Property  Act, 
1875,  the  expression  "trade  dispute**  means  any  dispute  between  employers 
and  workmen,  or  between  workmen  and  workmen,  which  is  connected  with 
the  employment  or  non-employment  or  the  terms  of  the  employment,  or 
with  the  conditions  of  labor,  of  any  person,  and  the  expression  "workmen** 
means  all  persons  employed  in  trade  or  industry,  whether  or  not  in  the 
employment  of  the  employer  with  whom  a  trade  dispute  arises;  and,  in 
section  three  of  the  last-mentioned  act,  the  words  "between  employers  and 
workmen**  shall  be  repealed. 


Digitized  by 


Lioogle 


794 


AAlERICAN  federationist 


What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing. 

Prom  thk  Ati^antic  to  thb  Pacific 

In  this  department  is  presented  a  comprehensive  review  of  indnstrial  conditions  thioaghont  the 
country. 

lliis  inclndes : 

A  statement  by  American  Pederation  of  Irabor  general  and  local  organizers  of  labor  conditioiis  is 
their  vicinity. 

Increases  in  wages,  reduction  of  hours,  or  improved  conditions  gained  without  strikes. 

Work  done  for  union  labels. 

Unions  organized  during  the  last  month. 

City  ordinances  or  state  laws  passed  favorable  to  labor. 

Strikes  or  lockouts ;  causes,  results. 

A  report  of  this  sort  is  rather  a  formidable  task  when  it  is  remembered  that  nearly  1,000  of  the 
organizers  are  volunteers,  doing  the  org^anizing  work  and  writing  their  reports  after  the  day's  toil  is 
finished  in  factory,  mill,  or  mine. 

The  matter  herewith  presented  is  valuable  to  all  who  take  an  intelligent  interest  in  the  industrial 
development  of  the  country.  It  is  accurate,  varied,  and  comprehensive.  The  information  comes  from 
those  familiar  with  the  conditions  of  which  thev  write. 

These  organizers  are  themselves  wage-workers.  They  partici^te  in  the  struggles  of  the  people  for 
better  conditions,  help  to  win  the  victories,  aid  in  securing  legislation — ^in  short,  do  the  thousand  and 
one  things  that  go  to  round  out  the  practical  labor  movement. 

Through  an  exchange  of  views  in  this  department  the  wage-workers  in  various  sections  of  the 
country  and  the  manifold  branches  of  trade  are  kept  in  close  touch  with  each  other. 

Taken  in  connection  with  the  reports  from  secretaries  of  international  unions,  this  department 
gives  a  luminous  vision  of  industrial  advancement  throughout  the  country. 


FROM  INTERNATIONAL  OFHCERS. 


Bill  Posters. 

Wm  J.  Murray. ^'Xt^Aa  conditions  steadily  im- 
proviag  and  we  are  in  good  shape.  A  number  of 
our  members  were  on  strike  for  six  weeks  on  ac- 
count of  the  Cincinnati  Bill  Posting  Company  re- 
fusing to  sign  the  agreement  and  introducing  the 
piece-work  system.  Our  executive  board  appro- 
priated money  for  their  support  and  conditions 
look  favorable  for  the  adjustment  of  the  trouble. 

Bridge  and  Structural  Iron  "Vorkers. 
y.  J  AfcNamara. — Trade  fair  and  conditions 
stea'Hly  improving.  We  are  fighting  the  open  shop 
policy  with  great  energy  and  the  strike  against  the 
open  shop  continues  as  vigorously  as  ever  in  a 
number  of  cities.  New  unions  have  recently  been 
formed  in  Butte,  Mont,  and  Montreal,  Can.  Our 
membership  is  increasing. 

Brushmakers. 
/.  ^f,  McElroy. — We  are  trying  to  create  a  big 
demand  for  our  label  and  are  organizing  our  trade 
in  go  >d  shape.     Business   has  been  dull,  but    is 
improving. 

Car  "Workers. 
G.  W.  Gibson  — Trade  conditions  good  and  our 
organization  is  steadily  growing.  We  have  recently 
formed  new  unions  in   Washington,   Ind.;  Sala- 


manca, N.  Y. ;  Nelsonville,  Ohio,  and  Carbondale. 
Pa.  New  York,  New  Haven,  and  Hartford  cir 
workers  secured  about  seven  per  cent  increase  and 
improved  conditions. 

Cement  Workers.  ' 
Henry  67/«^.— Work  in  our  trade  has  been 
plentiful  throughout  the  entire  country.  We  re- 
cently chartered  new  locals  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.; 
Waterloo,  Iowa;  Cementon,  Pa.;  Columbus,  Ohio, 
and  Ogden,  Utah.  A  number  of  localities  are  de- 
sirous of  organizing  unions  of  our  trade  and  we 
receive  many  inquiries  as  to  organization.  Since 
our  last  convention  we  have  admitted  34  new  local 
unions.  Our  convention  was  held  in  September  at 
Nsshville,  Tenn.  Prospects  are  bright  for  our 
trade. 

Ghainmakers* 
Curiin  C,  Miller, — Our  trade  in  good  shape  end 
conditions  are  steadily  improving.    We  have  es- 
tablished an  official  journal  and  will  publish  i 
of  interest  for  the  benefit  of  our  craft.  We  will  i 
endeavor  to   make  our   journal    educational  io 
regard  to  the  general  labor  movement. 


Wm, 


Elevator  Constructon. 
ybtt«^.— Trade    conditions 


SttiUlT 
improving  through  our  organised  «flioctik  OwlMift 
in   St.  Louis.  Boston,  Pittsbun^Vflltti'SMHlMb 

Digitized  byXjOOglc 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


795 


Minneapolis,  Kansas  City,  and  Milwaukee  have 
recently  obtained  increases  in  wages.  We  have 
had  two  strikes  both  of  which  were  settled  satis- 
factorily. 

Glove  Wotketu 

j4^yies  Nestor, — Our  local  unions  in  Chicago  are 
presenting  new  agreements  and  prices  to  three 
manufacturers  with  whom  agreements  soon  ex- 
pire. At  our  recent  convention  we  considered 
plans  for  advertising  our  label  and  extending  the 
OFf^anization.  We  have  had  a  strike  in  Chicago, 
for    adjustment   of    prices    and    recognition    of 


Knife  Grinders  (TaUe.) 

John  F.  Gleason. — Trade  good.  Wages  and  hours 
about  the  same  as  last  report. 

Lathers. 

Ralph  V.  Brandt. — Our  membership  is  steadily 
increasing.  We  have  formed  new  unions  in 
Hamilton,  Can.;  Waterbury,  Conn. ;  Danville,  111.; 
Pensacola,  Pla.,  Sheridan,  Wyo.,  Sapulpa,  Ind. 
T  :  New  Brighton,  N.  Y.;  Holland,  Mich.; 
Charleston.  We6t  Va.;  Regina,  Can.;  and  Water- 
town,  N.  Y.  Trade  good.  Employment  has  been 
steady  all  summer. 

Machine  Printers  and  G>lor  Mixers. 

Chas.  McCrory. — Trade  conditions  excellent. 
All  members  are  steadily  employed  and  the  trade 
is  in  fine  shape.  One  firm  which  for  a  long  time 
has  been  on  our  unfair  list  has  agreed  to  accept 
union  conditions. 

Paving  Cutters. 

John  Sheret,  Secretary  pro  tem. — Trade  generally 
fair  for  this  time  of  the  year.  We  try  to  have 
firms  sign  agreements  with  us  in  the  spring  to  con- 
tinue for  one  year,  so  there  is  little  chance  of 
trouble  at  this  season.  No  strike  or  lockouts  to  re- 
port. New  unions  have  recently  been  formed  in 
Brownsburg,  Quebec,  and  Victorville,  Cal. 

Phsmbers  and  Steamf  itters. 

Thos.  M.  DoUey. — Our  membership  is  steadily 
increasing.  We  have  now  about  eighteen  thousand 
members  in  our  organization.  New  unions  have 
been  chartered  in  Cheyenne,  Wyo.,  and  Petersburg, 
Va.  We  expended  |500  in  death  benefits  last 
month. 

Post  Office  Clerks. 

Geo.  F,  Pfeiffer.—OMT  organization  holding  its 
own.  Our  latest  union  was  formed  at  Grand 
Island,  Nebr.  No  strikes  to  report  at  this  writing. 
We  are  endeavoring  to  interest  our  class  of  clerks 
all  over  the  country  in  the  work  of  organization. 

Print  Cutters. 

Thos.  I.  Eastwood.— Frtsent  conditions  are 
much  better  than  last  year.  All  members  are  stead- 
ily employed,  although  this  is  generally  supposed 


to  be  the  slack  season  of  the  year.  No  troubles  to 
report. 

Slate  "Vorkers. 

Thos.  H.  Patmer.—TTade  conditions  normal. 
No  changes  in  wages  to  report  since  last  month. 
We  expect  soon  to  organize  the  slate  workers  of 
Maine  and  the  soapstone  workers  of  Virginia. 
Our  members  in  Fair  Haven,  Vt,  are  out  for 
the  nine  hour  day  and  without  reduction  in 
wages. 

Slate  and  Tile  Roofers 

IVm.  C7ar^.— Employment  steady  and  trade  nor- 
mal. New  local  was  formed  at  Rutland,  Vt.  Our 
membership  is  increasing. 

Stove  Mounters. 

/.  //.  /Cae/er,—We  are  making  a  determined 
ffort  to  secure  the  nine  hour  day  and  advance  in 
wages.  All  indications  show  that  we  will  succeed. 
Employment  fairly  steady. 

Tailors. 

/phn  B.  Lennon.^J^oth'ing  new  to  report  at  this 
date.  No  strikes  or  troubles  of  any  kind.  We  re- 
cently chartered  new  union  in  Dayton,  Ohio. 

Textile  Vorkers. 

Johtt  Golden.— ^l  am  pleased  to  report  that  mat- 
ters are  going  along  well  with  the  textile  workers, 
especially  the  cotton  workers,  who,  at  one  time, 
were  the  lowest  paid  of  any  in  the  textile  industry; 
they  are  now  receiving  the  highest  wages  ever  paid 
since  the  war,  and  the  highest  ever  paid  during 
normal  conditions.  The  weavers'  union  of  Fall 
River  (cotton)  has  just  signed  an  agreement  with 
the  manufacturers  for  a  standard  length  of  cut  of 
cloth— that  is,  47>^  yards.  This  has  been  a  bone  of 
contention  for  many  years,  but  is  now  happily  re- 
moved. In  Massachusetts  we  have  secured  the 
passage  of  a  law,  after  12  years*  agitation  .which  will 
prevent  the  employment  of  women  and  minors  in 
textile  establishments  between  the  hours  of  6 
p.  m.  and  6  a.  m.  it  goes  into  effect  in  October.  We 
have  started  some  aggressive  work  among  the 
silk  workers  of  Pennsylvania,  and  have  already 
organized  eight  locals,  with  a  probability  of  more 
to  follow.  We  have  issued  over  60  charters  since 
our  last  convention  in  October,  1906,  and  will  no 
doubt  show  several  thousand  of  an  increse  in  mem- 
bership when  the  per  capiU  tax  begins  to  come  in. 
We  are  also  doing  effective  organizing  among  the 
woolen  workers. 

Travelers'  Leather  Goods  porkers. 

Chas./.  Gille.— Wages  have  been  slightly  im- 
proved in  the  northwest  section  of  the  country. 
One  of  our  eastern  locals  is  demanding  increased 
wages  and  ex^ct  to  secure  same  without  strike. 
We  are  organizing  new  unions  and  building  up 
others.  The  Japanese  are  trying  to  invade  our 
craft  in  the  western  states.  We  formed  new  local 
in  Oakland.  Cal.  Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


796 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


FROM  DISTRICT,  STATE,  AND  LCXIAL  ORGANIZERS. 


ALABABIA. 

Pdwderly.—VJ.  H.  Downey: 

Orj^anized  labor  is  making  steady  progress  and 
in  a  short  time  conditions  here  will  be  second  to 
none  in  the  country.  It  was  not  nntil  recent  years 
that  organization  in  the  south  was  given  required 
.attention.  Emp]o3rment  is  steady  and  plentifuL 
Union  men  have  the  eight  hoar  day  while  the  nn- 
organiz^  still  work  10  honrs.  In  every  other  re- 
spect union  men  have  advantage  over  the  unor- 
ganized trades.  A  union  of  colored  workers  has 
been  organized.  Have  two  other  new  unions  under 
way.  There  is  a  good  demand  for  the  union  labels. 

ARKANSAS. 

Midland. — CHarles  J.  Action: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress.  Unor- 
ganized workers  in  poor  shape.  'Emplo3rment  has 
Seen  steady  during  the  summer.  A  county  federa- 
tion of  labor  was  organized  during  the  month. 
Work  for  the  union  labels  is  progressing. 

Chico. — F.  L.  Martenette: 

Fully  90  |>er  cent  of  the  building  trades  are  or- 
ganized. C5igarmaker8  are  organizing.  Work  is 
plentiful  in  this  vicinity.  All  organized  crafts  mak- 
ing good  progress. 

Sacramento. — Henry  G.  Frey: 

Organized  labor  in  excellent  condition  with  the 
exception  of  laundry  workers,  who  are  on  strike 
at  this  writine.  Employment  is  quite  steady. 
Laborers  are  likely  to  organize  in  the  near  future. 
A  strong  committee  is  doing  good  work  for  the 
union  labels. 

San  Diego. — R.  B.  Raymond: 

All  organized  trades  are  in  better  shape  at  this 
time  than  ever  before.  The  trades  council  is  grow- 
ing and  harmony  exists  between  the  different 
organizations.  Employment  is  plentiful  in  most 
trades.  Union  men  are  well  paid  in  this  city. 
Labor  Day  was  observed  in  fitting  manner;  sevend 
able  speakers  addressed  the  union  men  and  public 
Electrical  workers  have  organized.  A  new  organi- 
zation committee  has  been  appointed  and  we  ex- 
pect good  work  in  the  future. 

Stockton.— h.  D.  Biddle: 

I  have  been  working  for  the  California  State 
Federation  of  Labor  for  a  month  recently  and 
visited  the  following  towns:  Bakersfield,  Fresno, 
and  Stockton.  All  are  doing  fairly  well.  During 
the  month  I  organized  as  follows:  Garment  work- 
ers at  Hawthorn,  sheep  shearers  and  women's 
union  label  league  at  Bakersfield.  Have  underway 
bartenders,  retail  clerks,  and  cooks,  and  waiters' 
unions  at  Stockton.  During  the  month  I  addressed 
32  meetings. 

COLORADO. 

Colorado  Springs.— K.  C.  Wright: 

A  builders*  structural  alliance  has  been  formed 
here  and  we  hope  to  receive  great  benefit  from  it. 
A  new  federated  trades  council  also  has  been 
formed.  All  unions  are  in  good  shape  and  harmony 
prevails.     Employment  has  been  plentiful  and  we 


look  forward  to  continued  prosperity.  Daring  tbe 
past  year  wages  have  advancra  25  per  cent.  We 
do  all  we  can  to  advertise  the  union  labels. 

OOTINBCTICUT. 

New  Haven,— John  Keyes: 

Members  of  trade  organizations  secure  orach 
better  conditions  than  previous  to  orgmntzatioa. 
There  is  good  demand  for  union  men.  Emploj- 
ment  was  never  more  plentiful.  No  strikes  or 
troubles  to  report;  empkners  and  employes  woriL- 
ing  in  harmony.  An  ordinance  requiring  trial  by 
jury  in  civil  cases  was  recently  passed  by  conodl 
Our  trades  council  held  its  annual  celel>ration  of 
Labor  Day  at  Saving  Rock. 

FLCXUDA. 

Miami.— W.  G  Coatea: 

All  skilled  mechsnics  are  organized     The  unor- 

Snized  workers  are  paid  from  |t  25  to   |i.50  a 
y  and  do  not  feel  the  need  of  organizatioo.    Em- 
ployment rather  slack  just  now. 

GEC»GIA. 

Augusta.— E.  T.  Mclntyre: 

All  trades  steadily  employed  and  industrial  con- 
ditions satisfactory.  Several  cotton  mills  are  run- 
ning on  the  to  hour  system,  which  was  secured 
without  strike.  A 10  hour  law  was  passed  by  stste 
legislature  to  take  effect  January,  1908.  Molders 
have  organized.  There  is  good  demand  for  the 
union  labels. 

nXINOB. 

Aurora. — E.  R.  Davis: 

All  building  trades  have  the  eight  hour  day  and 
union  shop.  Wages  in  the  building  trades  aie 
very  good — ^none  better  in  the  country.  Nearly 
all  workmen  are  steadily  employed.  Stmctnrsl 
trades  alliance  supports  every  trade  and  stands 
ready  at  all  times  to  aid  the  workers,  regardless 
of  trade  or  craft.  Strikes  are  almost  unknown 
here.  We  have  secured  our  advances  by  peaceful 
methods,  and  we  have  not  been  compelled  to 
strike.  The  employes  of  a  number  of  shops  and 
factories  need  eaucation  on  economics  and  better 
organization.  Good  work  is  done  for  the  nnioo 
labels. 

Benton.— Q,  E.  McCoUom: 

After  several  days  strike  we  secured  $1  and  nine 
hour  day  from  sewer  contractors  who  held  oot 
for  $\  .80  for  nine  hours.  Practically  none  but  tbe 
union  men  of  this  vicinity  have  had  steady  em- 
ployment. Have  clerks'  union  under  way.  AH 
unions  labels  are  pushed  to  the  front. 

Carterville. —JumcB  Kelly: 

This  section  needs  thorough  organization  and 
with  cooler  weather  we  hope  for  good  work  in 
organization.  Employment  has  not  been  stesdy 
during  the  summer.  The  miners  are  working  to 
push  the  union  labels. 

Carrier  3fills.—U,  T.  Davis: 

Union  men  stand  better  chance  for  sicftdy  ftt* 

ployment,  and  conditions  in  general  msr  * 

mg.     Employment  steady.    No  reoeat  i 
hours  or  wages.  ,      ^-^  ^^  ^  ■  ^ 

^       Digitized  by  LjOOgle 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


797 


CAampaign. ^Walter  E.  Price: 

Conditions  in  this  vicinity  would  be  vast  im- 
proved by  the  formation  of  a  central  body  in  this 
city,  and  we  are  hopeful  of  organizing  one.  Work 
at  this  writing  is  slack.  Retail  clerks  are  forming 
union.     All  union  labels  are  demanded. 

JDanviiie.—CVifford  Reed: 

Workers  in  this  city  enjoy  steady  employment. 
Condition  of  organized  labor  improving  sttadily. 
Unorganized  unskilled  laborers  work  10  hours  for 
$1.75  a  day.  Trades  and  labor  council  and  cigar- 
makers  are  engaged  in  active  campaign  for  the 
union  labels.  Plumbers,  teamsters,  and  horse- 
shoers  are  about  to  form  unions. 

De  Pue.-^D.  J.  Farley: 

Recently  organized  carpenters  of  Lacon,  Mar- 
shall County,  and  in  the  adjoining  county  the 
painters,  teamsters,  and  federal  union  are  getting 
in  line  to  organize.  The  wool  an<l  cotton  mill 
workers  will  affiliate  with  the  textile  workers' 
union  of  the  same  city.  Have  organized  the  trades 
and  labor  council  at  Toluca;  also  the  employes  of 
tent  and  awning  factory.  This  firm  guarantees  to 
use  the  product  of  six  skilled  trades  m  the  make- 
up of  their  goods  and  further  promise  that  the 
union  labels  be  placed  on  the  various  materials  of 
each  trade's  production,  which  means  the  use  of 
six  union  labels  on  six  parts  of  the  article  manu- 
factured by  this  firm.  This  is  surely  boosting  the 
union  labels.  Still  another  qew  union  is  one 
composed  of  the  towel  and  tablecloth  makers 
organized  by  J.  H.  Durham,  an  old-time  trade 
unionist  of  Toluca.  Union  hotel  and  restaurant 
employes,  barbers,  and  bathhouse  employes  will 
be  pleased  that  they  are  able  to  supply  their 
patrons  with  sanitary  towels  and  table  linen  bear- 
ing the  union  labels  on  American  home-made 
fabric.  This  union  will  be  composed  of  women 
wage-earners  and  should  have  the  support  and 
encouragement  through  the  patronsgeof  all  desir- 
ing such  goods.  Several  unions  are  under  way  at 
Magnolia,  one  of  which  is  a  sawmill  workers'  and 
another  a  handlemakers*  union  which  will  adver- 
tise the  union  stamp  on  handles  in  various  shapes 
and  sizes.  Neck  yokes  and  spreaders,  single  trees, 
and  double  trees  of  union  make  are  also  to  be  had. 
Boost  the  union  labels  by  purchasing  from  the 
merchant  and  manufacturers  who  adopt  the  union 
labels  for  their  products. 

GUn  Cardan,— jAints  D.  Conway: 

All  organized  trades  with  the  exception  of  clerks 
are  in  good  shape.  Expect  to  have  the  clerks  more 
thoroughly  organized  very  soon.  Brass  workers  of 
Edwardsville  struck  for  10  per  cent  increase  and 
are  now  back  at  work  pending  a  promised  settle- 
ment with  employers.  All  organized  trades  are 
working  eight  hour  day  and  enjoy  better  wages 
than  the  unorganized.  Miners  have  been  working 
half  time,  but  other  trades  find  work  plentiful. 
Trades  council  is  pushing  the  work  for  the  union 
labels. 

Harrisburg.—QhBS.  A   Sullivan: 

Organized  labor  making  good  progress  and  union 
membership  is  steadily  increasing.  Conditions  and 
wages  of  union  men  are  gradually  increasing  and 
in  some  lines  the  unorganized  workers  share  these 
benefits  through  the  unions.  Nearly  all  classes  of 
labor  are  well  employed.     Mine  workers  of  Saline 


County  have  enjoyed  steady  employment  all  sum- 
mer and  work  is  likely  to  continue  steady.  Active 
agitation  is  carried  on  for  the  union  labels. 
Afarissa, — Arch  C.  Douglas: 
Mechanics  and  unskilled  labor  in  this  vicinity 
are  both  well  organized  with  the  exception  of  the 
fiour  mill  employes,  who  are  indifferent  lo  organi- 
zation, because  they  export  their  products.  Federal 
labor    union    members  obtained  increase  of  five 
cents  an  hour  without  strike.    Carpenters  secured 
eight  hour  day  and  10  cents  an   hour  increase. 
Federal  union  at  Coultersville  obtained  30  cents  a 
day  increase.  The  municipal  government  employs 
only  union  men  on  street  work.    Retail  clerks  are 
organizing. 
Mascoutah. —]^rry  L.  Spigal: 
Work  is  steady  in  all  trades  with  the  exception 
of  miners  who  have  been  employed  one-fourth  of 
the  time  only.  Carpenters  and  bricklayers  secured 
increased  wages  without  strike.    Industrial  condi- 
tions fair  in  this  locality.    Millers  are  organizing. 
There  is  increased  demand  for  the  union  labels. 
Monmouth. — E.  K.  Brasel: 
Union  men  have  increased  wa^es  in  this  vicinity 
without  strike.  Organized  conditions  are  far  supe- 
rior to  the  unorganized.*  All  local  unions  are  mak- 
ing steady  increase  in  membership. 
ML  Olive,— V.  W.  Ding:ersen: 
Industrial    conditions    improving.     No    recent 
changes  in  wa^es  or  hours.    All  union  men  are 
urged  to  patronize  the  union  labels  when  purchas- 
ing. 
Pontiac  —Jost^h  Murphy: 
Employment  has  been  fairly  plentiful  in  this 
vicinity.    Organized  men  secure  working  condi- 
tions that  are  far  superior  to  the  unorganized.  All 
union  labels  find  good  demand. 
Tamaroa. — W.  H.  Johnston: 
Union  labor  seems  to  have  the  advantage  over 
the  unorganized  labor  in  the  estimation  of  employ- 
ers,  as  the  non-unionists  seem  to  be  a  failure 
wherever  they  are  put  to  work.     Employment  is  a 
little  slack  at  this  time. 

TaylorviUe,—]2^s.  A.  Holmes: 
Organized  labor  has  the  preference  by  employ- 
ers in  every  instance  in  this  section.  Even  boys 
and  girls  discuss  conditions  in  favor  of  unionism. 
Work  is  steady  and  plentiful.  The  patronage  of 
the  union  labels  is  strongly  advocated. 

INDIANA. 

Indianapolis  '—John  F.  Gallivan : 

Industrial  conditions  fair  for  organized  men. 
Employment  steady  on  railroads,  but  not  so  satis- 
factory in  repair  shops. 

Logansport.—O  P.  Smith  and  Mrs.  Dora  Smith: 

Unions  in  this  section  are  well  satisfied  with  con- 
ditions and  improvements  secured.  New  unions 
are  being  formed  and  the  old  established  ones  are 
making  steady  gains  in  membership.  The  build- 
ing trades  have  been  especially  active  this  summer. 
Lc^t  year  we  had  but  two  building  trade  unions, 
and  this  year  we  have  every  building  trade  in  line 
with  the  exception  of  one.  Ice  workers  after  one 
day's  strike  in  one  plant  secured  advanced  wages 
and  reduced  their  working  hours.  The  large  new 
opera  house  erected  here  will  be  built  by  union 
labor  only.  The  fact  that  this  is  stioulated  in  the 
Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


798 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


specifications  is  caosinji;  the  non-unionists  to  take 
notice.  Carpenters  and  plumbers  Jiave  organized 
recently.  Have  federal  union  and  waitresses'  union 
under  way. 

Madison.— 'Henry  H.  Humphrey: 

Organized  labor  making  good  progress.  The 
non-union  workers  are  beginning  to  show  interest 
in  unionism.  Good  work  is  done  for  the  union 
labels. 

ML  ygmon.^jBLmes  K.  Kreutzinger: 

Conditions  here  about  as  usual.  Carpenters  se- 
cured advance  of  five  cents  an  hour.  We  have  a 
committee  always  at  work  for  the  union  labels. 
Employment  rather  slack. 

yincennes.— John  O.  Loten: 

Nearly  all  unionized  crafts  in  good  shape;  others 
fair.  Work  has  been  fairly  plentiful  in  all  trades. 
Tailors  have  formed  union  recently.  Cigarmak- 
ers,  printers,  and  garmentworkers  are  pushing  the 
work  for  the  union  labels. 

INDIAN  TERRITORY. 

Lehigh— Vht  0*Shea: 

Under  the  pressure  of  hard  conditions  the  un- 
organized workers  are  gradually  seeking  refuge  in 
unionism.  The  outlook  is  bright  for  them  through 
organization.  Organized  labor  in  good  shape, 
securing  at  least  one  dollar  more  a  day  than  the 
non  unionists.  The  eight  hour  day  is  also  enjoyed 
where  the  non-unionist  has  to  work  10  hours. 
Both  skilled  and  unskilled  labor  is  preparing  to 
organize  thoroughly.  Have  three  new  unions 
under  way. 

So.  McAUsUr.--V>.  S.  0*Leary: 

Good  demand  for  organized  laborers  at  eight 
hours  a  day,  while  the  unorganized  have  to  work 
nine  and  ten  hours  at  lower  wages.  A  federal  union 
is  being  formed.  There  is  a  fair  demand  for  the 
union  labels.  Employment  steady  except  where 
delayed  for  lack  of  materials. 

Tulsa.— C.  E.  Warren: 

Stonecutters  have  organized  a  local.  Plumbers 
secured  raise  from  $4.50  to  $5  per  day  without  any 
trouble.  All  other  crafts  are  steadily  gaining  in 
membership.  We  are  anticipatin^r  'a  good  run 
of  work  this  fall.  Employment  fairly  steady  for 
organized  men  but  very  uncertain  for  the  unorgan- 
ized 

lOVA. 

Cedar  Rapids.— h.  J.  Cronkhite: 

Organized  labor  was  never  in  better  condition 
than  at  the  present  time.  The  unorganized  are 
coming  in  line.  Employment  is  steady  and  in  some 
trades  there  are  not  enough  men  to  supply  the  de- 
mand.  However,  this  great  demand  is  only  tem- 
porary and  we  will  soon  be  able  to  furnish  all  neces- 
sary men.  Women's  label  league  is  doing  good 
work  for  the  union  labels. 

Council  Bluffs. — Gus  Lots: 

All  trades  have  been  steadily  employed.  No 
strikes  or  troubles  to  report.  There  is  a  fair  de- 
mand for  the  union  labels. 

Dubuque. — Simon  Miller: 

Employment  has  been  steady  in  the  building 
trades.  Mill  men  have  been  on  strike  and  hope  to 
win.  Organized  labor  has  by  far  the  best  of  condi- 
tions here.  Women's  label  leacTie  is  doing  active 
work  for  the  union  labe' 


Waterloo.— n.  G.  Pullen: 

Industrial  conditions  good  and  employment 
steady.  Electrical  workers  secured  increase  of  50 
cents  a  day  increase  for  linemen  and  25  cents  a 
day  for  telephone  men.  We  expect  to  issue  aunio© 
labor  paper  soon.  Gasfitters  and  stationary  fire- 
men are  about  to  form  unions. 

KANSAS. 

CoffeyvilU.-O.  Leslie  Callard: 

Work  has  been  steady  and  plentiful  for  the  past 
six  months.  We  have  had  no  strikes,  but  org^an^zed 
labor  has  secured  improved  conditions  and  in- 
creased wages  without  trouble.  Organized  crafu 
generally  are  working  eight  hour  day  at  from 
^.40  up,  while  the  unorganized  receive  from  $i:  35 
to  |2  a  day  of  nine  to  ten  hours.  A  state  federation 
of  labor  was  organized  during  the  month.  Tile 
and  terra  cotta  workers,  cooks  and  waiters,  and 
tailors  are  about  to  form  unions.  Printers  and 
their  auxiliary  are  doing  good  work  for  the  union 
labels. 

KENTUCKY. 

Central  City.— J.  D.  Wood: 

There  is  very  little  unorganized  labor  here,  and 
industrial  conditions  are  good.  Steady  employ- 
ment in  all  trades.  Printers  recently  organize*)  and 
secured  reduction  of  two  hours  per  day  an«l  ad- 
vanced wages  f2  to  $4  a  week  without  strike. 
Nearly  all  unskilled  labor  is  organized.  Organ iztd 
labor  makes  steady  and  substantial  progress.  The 
various  unions  urge  the  patronage  of  the  union 
labels.  Federal  union  is  being  formed. 

Louisville  — Charles  Peetz: 

Cement  workers  recently  organized.  Capmakers, 
colored  barbers,  brickmakers,  and  coopers  are 
about  to  form  unions.  Quarry  workers  increased 
wages  25  cents  a  day  without  strike. 

Paducah.—Veter  Smith: 

Employment  on  the  average  has  been  steady 
throughout  the  summer.  Barbers  secured  reduc- 
tion of  one  hours  day  and  railroad  clerks  obtained 
advance  of  10  per  cent.  Longshoremen  secured 
slight  advance  in  wages.  Considerable  public 
work  is  under  consideration  and  union  labor  only 
will  be  employed.  Teamsters,  laundry  workers, 
and  iron  molders  are  likely  to  organize  unions. 

LOUISIANA* 

Shreveport.— Glen  N.  Mills: 

The  organized  trades .  are  securing  increased 
wages.  About  seventy-five  per  cent  of  all  skilled 
trades  are  organized.  Employment  is  steady. 
There  is  demand  for  leather  workers,  machinists, 
boilermakers,  blacksmiths,  and  all  building  crafts- 
men. Printing  trades  work  eight  hours  a  day, 
;  others  work  10.  Machinists,  blacksmiths,  and 
boilermakers  secured  increase  to  37^  cents  per 
hour  without  strike.  Ladies'  label  league  is  doing 
good  work  for  the  union  labels.  Commercial  teleg- 
raphers have  formed  union.  Bartenders,  laundry 
worker?,  and  retail  clerks  are  about  to  organize. 

MAINE. 

Vinalhaven . — Winslow  Roberts : 

All  trades  are  organized  and  enjoy  good  condi- 
ditions,  but  work  at  this  time  is  not  plentiful.  We 
are  looking  for  improvement  in  this  line.  Nearly 
all  goods  sold  here  are  union  made.  We  have  had 
no  strikes  or  industrial  trouble  of  any  sort  recently. 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


799 


MASSACHUSETTS- 

Cafnbrid^e.—HsirTy  W.  Joel: 

Nearly  aU  trades  have  been  steadily  employed 
all  summer.  Horseshoers  have  oreanized  and  se- 
cured increased  wages  without  strike.  Carpenteis 
are  thoroughly  organized.  All  union  men  secure 
higher  wages,  better  conditions,  and  shorter  hours 
than  the  unorganized.  Since  the  formation  of  the 
central  labor  union  there  has  been  considerable 
increase  in  the  demand  for  union  labels.  A  state 
law  regulates  the  working  hours  to  48  a  week. 

Chicopee. — J.  F.  Murphy: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress.  Im- 
provements in  wages  have  been  secured  without 
strike.  Section  men  and  textile  workers  have 
formed  unions  A  federal  union  is  now  being  or- 
ganized. We  demand  the  union  labels  when  pur- 
chasing. The  workers  are  steadily  joining  the 
unions. 

Dedkam.—1o\iVL  R.  Morgan: 

Organized  labor  continues  to  prosper  Business 
good  in  all  lines.  Wages  have  increased  over  last 
years*  scale  in  the  building  trades  Unorganized 
trades  are  still  working  nine  to  ten  hours  at  low 
wages.  Employment  is  steady  here  all  the  year 
around  with  the  exception  of  two  months.  Have 
had  no  strikes;  all  improvements  in  conditions 
secured  without  trouble.  Hair  spinners  have  or- 
ganized and  increased  wages  20  per  cent  and  re- 
duced their  working  hours  by  three  per  week.  The 
union  labels  are  being  promoted  by  central  labor 
union  and  others. 

/^a// ^iiw.— John  Golden: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  very  good,  espe- 
cially among  the  textile  workers.  Unorganized 
workers  are  not  so  well  off,  although  many  of 
them  have  shared  the  increased  wages  secured 
through  the  effort  of  the  union  workers.  Employ- 
ment IS  steady.  Cotton  workers  have  signed  agree- 
ments with  the  cotton  manufacturers  which  gives 
the  weavers  a  standard  length  cut  of  cloth,  which 
means  that  every  cotton  weaver  will  be  paid  in  the 
future  for  every  yard  over  a  47^  <^ut.  and  averages 
an  increase  of  five  to  six  per  cent  in  some  cases. 
Four  branches  of  the  textile  workers  have  organ- 
ized recently.  Hoisting  engineers  are  about  to 
form  union. 

Holyoke,—n.  S.  Alden: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  shows  considerable 
improvement.  The  unorganized  also  show  up  bet- 
ter under  the  unorganized  activity.  Employment 
is  steady  in  all  trades.  Unskilled  labor  here  was 
offered  $3.50  for  eight  hour  day  on  special  rush 
work.  Bookbinders  have  been  locked  out  for  some 
time.  An  injunction  secured  by  their  employers 
prohibits  almost  eyerything  but  breathing. 

Taunton.  — T>.  O.  MacGlashing: 

Employment  was  never  more  plentiful  than  at 
this  time.  Wages  are  fully  25  per  cent  higher  than 
they  were  a  year  ago.  Organized  labor  far  in  the 
lead  as  regards  conditions  in  this  city.  -  We  are 
trying  to  get  the  plumbers  and  steamfitters  in 
line.    There  is  good  demand  for  the  union  labels. 

West  Newton,— U.  L.  Chivers: 

Employment  is  plentiful  on  the  basis  of  eight 
hours  a  day.  Wages  are  good;  all  union  men  se- 
cured their  demands  last  spring.  The  non-union- 
ists are  working  long  hours  for  low  pay. 


MICHIGAN. 

Ann  Arbor.—].  V.  Quirk: 

Organized  labor  has  experienced  the  most  suc- 
cessful year  of  the  past  five.  The  unorganized 
workers,  although  still  trailing  behind,  are  accept- 
ing without  a  twinge  of  conscience  any  benefit 
which  organized  victories  afford  them.  Employ- 
ment generally  is  steady.  Railway  clerks  have 
organizied.  We  are  always  urging  the  patronage 
of  the  union  labels. 

Detroit. — Frank  A.  Johnson: 

Improvements  in  hours  and  wages  have  been  se- 
cured without  much  trouble  this  year.  Employ- 
ment is  steady  and  industrial  conditions  good.  We 
urge  the  patronage  of  the  union  labels. 

Holland.— OM ].  Hansen: 

Organized  labor  has  niade  slight  advance  in 
wages  in  some  trades.  Carpenters,  masons,  and 
lathers  have  organized.  Unorganized  wage  scale 
remains  the  same  as  a  year  ago.  We  have  had  no 
trouble  in  securing  improved  wages  and  conditions. 
Have  one  new  union  under  way. 

Ionia.— H.  R.  Elliott: 

Public  opinion  is  much  in  favor  of  trade  union- 
ism and  the  celebration  on  Labor  Day  attested  the 
high  esteem  organized  labor  is  held  in  this  city. 
More  goods  bearing  the  union  label  is  sold  in  this 
city  than  formerly.  Employment  is  steady  and 
conditions  good. 

Lansing'. — David  A.  Boyd: 

Painters  have  organized.  Vice-president  Ellis 
of  the  State  Federation  of  Labor  awakened  con- 
siderable interest  among  the  unorganized  workers 
here  on  his  visit  recently.  All  labor  organizations 
joined  with  Owosso  and  Jackson  and  Ann  Arbor 
unions  in  celebration  of  Labor  Day. 

IVyandotte.—HATry  La  Beau: 

All  trades  generally  employed.  Organized  labor 
receives  from  25  cents  to  $\  a  day.  more  than  the 
unorganized.  Committee  working  for  the  union 
labels. 

MINNESOTA. 

Minnea^lis.—H.  G.  Hall. 

The  Twin  City  mattressmakers  have  been  organ- 
ized, chartered' under  the  Upholsterers'  Interna- 
tional Union, and  they  are  progressing  along  nicely. 
Other  unions  that  are  under  way  are  three,  and 
will  use  every  effort  and  time  possible  to  complete 
them.  Will  say  that  the  United  Union  Card  and 
Label  Council  of  Minneapolis  is  at  this  time  doing 
splendid  work  for  the  labels  and  cards  of  all 
unions.  In  the  work  of  agitation  they  are  at 
present  time  compiling  one  of  the  most  complete 
buyers'  guides  that  has  been  issued  and  good  re- 
sults will  be  gained  from  it.  Greater  interest  is 
shown  in  the  movement  here  than  at  any  time  in 
the  last  four  years.  We  report  this  from  observa- 
tions gained  from  attending  the  meetings;  larger 
meetings  everywhere,  and  we  believe  that  this  is 
encouraging.  Many  unions  report  increasing 
memberships. 

MISSOURI. 

Cape  Girardeau.— FettT  B.  Lang: 

Employment  is  steady  in  all  trades.  We  have 
no  strikes  or  troubles  to  report.  Hod  carriers  and 
building  laborers  have  formed  unipip^  VjOOQIC 


800 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Caruthersxnlle. — S.  L.  Gentry: 

Farmers  are  organizing  throughout  the  south- 
western part  of  the  state.  At  the  present  rate  the 
country  will  be  thoroughly  organized  in  a  few 
months.  Employment  is  steady. 

Kansas  City,— John  T.  Smith: 

Several  unions  have  doubled  their  membership 
since  spring.  Organized  labor  making  steady 
progress,  and  enjoying  fair  conditions.  The  cor- 
ner-stone of  the  new  labor  temple  has  been  laid 
in  this  city.  Building  laborers,  patternmakers, 
and  waitresses  have  mrmed  unions.  Union  label 
league  is  working  for  the  union  labels. 

Marceline, — Geo.  R.  McGregor: 

Union  men  are  working  under  much  better  con- 
ditions than  the  unorganized.  Our  city  mayor  and 
three  of  the  aldermen  are  union  men.  Employ- 
ment is  fairly  steady. 

Sedalia,^lS„  T.  Behrens: 

Among  the  unorganized  workers  in  this  vicinity 
we  find  deplorable  conditions;  wages  below  the 
line  of  subsistence.  In  the  new  railroad  shops  the 
unskilled  laborers  receive  14  cents  an  hour  and 
work  nine  hour  day,  while  the  living  expenses 
have  increased  from  30  to  40  per  cent.  On  account 
of  the  shifting  of  men  employed  it  has  been  im- 
possible to  organize  them.  Employment  is  steady 
among  the  organized  skilled  crafts  in  railway 
service.  A  general  effort  is  being  made  to  increase 
the  sale  of  union*labeIed  goods.  Stage  employes 
have  organized  recently. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Berlin.— V,  J.  Smyth: 

Employment  is  plentiful  in  this  section.  A  gen- 
eral increase  of  wt^  per  cent  in  wages  has  been 
secured  in  lumber  mills  and  for  laborers  in  paper 
mills.  Millwrights  have  organized  under  the  juris- 
diction of  carpenters.  Cigarmakers  are  actively 
working  for  the  union  labels. 

Keene,—T>.  U.  Finn: 

Organized  industries  are  enjoying  the  best  con- 
ditions that  have  ever  been  experienced  in  this 
section.  Nearly  all  the  unorganized  crafts,  how- 
ever, are  working  at  the  old  hours  and  wages. 
Trackmen  secured  substantial  increase  in  wages 
without  strike.  Papermakers  in  the  neighboring 
town  of  Bellows  Falls  obtained  increase  of  10  per 
cent  in  wages  and  are  promised  the  eight  hour 
shift  in  October.  These  concessions  were  secured 
after  a  strike  of  eight  weeks.  Horseshoers  who  re- 
cently organized  have  been  granted  the  nice  hour 
day. 

NEV  JERSEY. 

Dover.— 'John  J.  McCHmont: 

Organized  labor  in  this  city  doing  well  and 
wages  of  union  men  have  reached  a  high-water 
mark.  Employment  in  all  organized  trades  is 
steady.  Wa^es  have  improved  without  strike 
through  arbitration.  Foundry  workers,  inside 
freight  handlers,  and  federal  union  are  about  to 
organize. 

Elizabeth .— Joh  n  Key es : 

It  is  gratifying  to  see  the  employers  of  this  city 
in  better  accord  with  the  labor  unions.  The  union 
men  are  accorded  more  respect  by  them  than  the 
unorganized  workers.  Conaitions  as  to  hours  and 


wages  are  improving  for  organized  crafts.  Employ- 
ment has  been  steady  during  the  sammer  and 
wages  satisfactory.  Union  county  trades  comdl 
is  up  and  doing  with  wide-awake  delegates  as 
representatives.  We  have  active  label  committee 
at  work  all  the  time.  Will  probably  have  a  oonple 
of  new  unions  in  line  shortly. 

I^terson,— James  MattheMrs: 

Industrial  conditions  good  and  emplo^eni 
steady  for  union  men.  Blacksmiths  of  this  dtj 
won  strike  after  being  out  three  or  foor  weeks. 
Men  employed  by  city  have  secured  increased 
wages  and  reduced  their  working  hours.  Silk  weav- 
ers, blacksmiths,  and  druggists  are  about  to  or- 
ganize. Bakers  are  carrying  an  active  agitation  on 
for  the  union  labels. 

NEV  YORK. 

Ballston  Spa,— Geo.  W.  Miller: 

Work  continues  steady.  We  have  plen^  of  men 
to  do  the  work  here.  There  is  no  call  for  nnor- 
ganized  workers  in  this  city.  Organized  labor  in 
good  shape,  working  the  eight  hour  day.  No 
strikes  to  report.  The  union  labels  are  being 
adopted  in  the  shops. 

Binghamton .  —Jeremiah  Ryan : 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape,  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  Street  railway  employes 
through  strike  increased  wages  from  f  1 .60  to  ft  .85 
and  $2  a  day.  Hours  are  also  reduced  on  several 
runs.  Steamfitters  and  horseshoers  have  organized 
during  the  month.  Cigarmakers  and  printers  are 
pushing  their  labels  to  the  front  with  great  vigor. 
Other  labels  are  slowly  but  surely  coming  to  the 
front. 

Newburg^h.— John  Rothery: 

Organized  labor  in  fine  shape  and  enioying  fair 
employment.  Improved  conditions  have  been 
secured  through  arbitration  after  strike. 

Ptaitsburg.—J.  C.  Malampy: 

Industrial  conditions  very  good  and  steadily  im- 
proving. All  the  cabinet  and  lumber  finishing  mills 
in  this  section  have  been  unionized  with  the  ex- 
ception of  one,  which  will  be  unionized  throogli 
agreement  between  the  owner  and  the  committee 
of  the  trades  assembly.  Work  is  steady  and  plenti- 
ful in  all  branches.  Machinists  secured  nine  hoar 
day  in  one  shop  without  strike.  All  new  work  in 
the  building  trades  line  is  strictly  union.  We  are 
constantly  agitating  for  the  union  labels. 

Ticonderoga. — Forest  Munger: 

Present  conditions  for  organized  laborers  are 
better  than  at  any  time  previous.  Very  little  un- 
organized labor  in  this  vicinity.  Increased  wages 
have  been  secured  without  strike.  Work  is  plenti- 
ful  and  steady.  Two  new  unions  are  likely  to  be 
organized.  The  union  label  question  is  always 
agitated. 

NORTH  CARCJUNA. 

Raleigh.— John  T.  Miller. 

The  sentiment  toward  organization  among  the 
unorganized  men  in  this  citv  is  very  encom^^bg. 
Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  mm\/lapKBBX 
steady  No  strikes  or  troabies  to  report,  jfc 
union  labels  are  pushed.  HaTesevcnlM 
under  way.         Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


801 


OHIO. 

Ashtabula. — Jas.  P.  Alicoate: 

All  unions  iu  ibis  city  are  making  steady  gain  in 
membership.  Employment  has  been  steady. 
Working  conditions  of  organized  trades  are  carried 
out  by  both  sides  in  accordance  with  agreement 
made  last  spring.  All  organized  trades  working 
in  harmony.     Have  several  new  unions  under  way. 

Crooksville.—  S,  R.  Frazee: 

Organized  labor  steadily  forging  ahead  and  gain- 
ing better  working  conditions  for  its  members. 
Hmplo)nieitt  has  been  plentiful.  We  always  urge 
patronage  of  the  union  labels.  Have  three  new 
unions  under  way. 

East  Liverpool, — William  Cope: 

All  trades  have  been  fairly  well  employed. 
Organized  labor  in  eood  shape.  A  new  agree- 
ment has  been  signed  between  the  potters'  union 
and  the  manufacturing  potters.  There  is  good 
demand  for  the  union  labels.  A  vigorous  agitation 
is  carried  on  for  new  organizations. 

E,  Palestine. — Geo.  H.  Allcorn: 

Industrial  conditions  good  and  there  is  a  demand 
for  day  laborers.  Condition  of  organized  labor 
constantly  improving.  A  standing  committee  is 
keeping  up  vigilant  lookout  for  the  union  labels. 

Fostoria.—Q.h^,  E.  Scharf: 

All  trades  have  enjoyed  steady  employment  and 
good  conditions  during  the  summer.  Labor  Day 
celebration  was  participated  in  by  unions  of. 
Fostoria,  Tiffin,  and  Findlay.  A  good  demanc  for 
the  union  labels  has  been  created  by  agitation. 
Car  inspectors  are  about  to  organize. 

Eremont.—K.  A.  Smith: 

Trade  conditions  fair  in  this  city.  Employment 
is  plentiful.  Ladies'  garment  workers  have  in- 
creased wages  and  recognition  of  union.  We  al- 
ways work  for  the  union  labels. 

JVewark. —John  A.  Donohue: 

Union  men  have  secured  shorter  hours  and  in- 
creased wages  without  strike.  Organized  labor  in 
prosperous  condition  and  there  is  greater  demand 
for  union  men  than  formerly.  Employment  steady 
at  this  writing.  Railroad  blacksmiths,  boilermak- 
ers.  and  shipbuilders,  and  sand  cutters  have 
formed  unions.  Horseshoers  are  likely  to  organize. 

Norwalk. — Frank  J.  Mirz: 

All  organized  trades  in  fair  shape.  Cigarmakers, 
printers,  pressmen,  bookbinders,,  and  stone  cutters 
work  eight  hour  day.  The  unorganized  workers 
are  in  deplorable  condition.  Blacksmiths  an'd 
pressmen  have  organized  recently.  Have  one  new 
union  under  way. 

Tiffin. --S.  D.  Burford: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  gain  in  mtmber- 
ship.  New  members  are  taking  active  interest  in 
the  affairs  of  organized  labor  and  we  look  for  con- 
tinued prosperity.  Employment  steady  in  all  trades 
with  the  exception  of  potters  who  had  a  two 
weeks'  holiday.  Union  label  goods  find  ready  sale 
in  this  city. 

OKLAHOMA. 

Oklahoma  City. — ^Tohn  Von  Elm: 

Nearly  every  trade  is  this  section  is  organized 
and  gaining  improved  conditions.  Work  is  steady 
and  in   some  lines  there  is  not  enough  men  to 


supply  the  demand.  Meat  cutters  and -butcher 
workers  and  women's  label  league  have  organized 
during  the  month.  Have  four  other  unions  under 
way. 

PENNSYLVANIA, 

Allen  town. ^ChsLS.  M.  Rehrig: 

Industrial  conditions  are  steadily  improving 
through  the  organization  of  the  workers.  The  un- 
organized crafts  are  in  bad  shape.  Employment 
continues  steady.  Printers  are  especially  active  in 
the  work  of  booming  the  union  labels.  Cemeht 
mill  employes  have  formed  union. 

Berunck,—H,  W.  Cope: 

Organized  labor  winning  its  way,  gaining  sup- 
porters everywhere.  Conditions  are  very  encourag- 
ing and  the  unorganized  are  beginning  to  realize 
their  only  hope  is  in  organization.  After  three 
days*  strike  the  moulders  obtained  some  conces- 
sions. Building  trades  are  still  on  strike  for  the 
open  shop  but  have  won  over  one  of  the  largest 
contractors  in  the  city.  We  are  starting  a  label 
campaign  and  expect  good  results.  Have  one  new 
union  under  way. 

Easton.—J.  H.  Wesley: 

Very  few  men  are  employed  in  this  section  un- 
less they  hold  cards  in  some  union.  The  unor- 
ganized workers  are  more  easily  convinced  of  the 
advantage  of  trade  organization  as  they  see  its 
beneficent  results  every  day.  Employment  is 
steady.  No  strikes  have  occurred.  Every  advantage 
gained  has  been  secured  through  conference. 
Cement. workers  are  becoming  i^live  to  the  neces- 
sity of  organization.  There  is  general  demand  for 
the  union  labels.  Stationary  firemen  and  en- 
gineers, musicians,  and  silk  mill  workers  are 
about  to  form  unions. 

Galeton.—Q.  J.  Latterman: 

Employment  has  been  steady  this  summer.  In- 
dustrial conditions  good,  and  since  the  organiza- 
tion of  most  trades  in  this  city  the  condition  of  un- 
organized workers  has  also  oeen  improved.  Im- 
provements in  wages  and  hours  have  in  some  in- 
stances been  secured  through  strike,  while  in  others 
this  was  not  necessary.  The  workers  are  making 
general  demand  for  the  union  labels. 

Lebanon. — John  Milton  Keller: 

Union  men  are  in  more  prosperous  condition 
at  this  time  than  ever  before,  and  this  is  due 
to  their  own  efforts.  No  strikes  have  occurred 
recently.  Plumbers  and  musicians  are  organizing. 
We  are  urging  all  dealers  to  handle  union  made 
goods. 

Pittsburg.— YL.  J.  Carey: 

Organized  labor  prospering  and  making  steady 
progress,  but  the  non-unionists  are  working  longer 
hours  for  less  wages  than  the  union  men.  Work 
is  steady  and  plentiful.  Car  workers  of  Conway, 
have  organized.  Have  another  union  under  way. 
Good  work  is  being  done  for  the  union  labels. 

Unioniown. — J.  D.  Kerfoot: 

All  trades  have  been  steadily  employed  all  sum- 
mer. Printers  have  secured  increase  from  $12.50 
to  |l6  and  |21  a  week,  without  strike.  Retail 
clerks  have  formed  union  and  have  the  plasterers 
under  way. 

Washington.— WxWx^xxi  C.  Black: 

Union  men  are  decidedly  in  the  majority  in  this 
city.  There  are  few  unorganized  workers  here. 
We  have  secured  improvements  without  strike. 


802 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONISr 


Five  locals  of  the  united  mine  workers  have  now 
affiliated  with  the  central  trades  and  labor  council. 
A  union  label  league  has  been  organized.  The 
borough  council  orders  the  union  label  on  all 
printed  ordinances. 

IViliiamsport—S.  Herman  Alter:- 

Molders,  carpenters,  painters,  and  plumbers  are 
on  strike  and  gradually  gaining,  with  bright  out- 
look for  complete  victory,  which  means  shorter 
hours  and  better  wages.  Printers  are  puttine  up  a 
new  scale.  The  doctors'  union  has  increased  scale 
of  prices  from  75  to  100  per  cent  and  this  causes 
some  discussion  among  the  unorganized  patients 
who,  owing  to  poor  wage  conditions,  are  not  able 
to  meet  such  demands.  This  may  mean  their  con- 
version to  trade  unionism.  The  union  labels  are 
demanded,  particularly  among  the  printers.  Hod- 
carriers  are  preparing  to  affiliate  with  the  inter- 
national union. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 
PawiticJt^i.— Joseph  Brickell  and  Henry  Frasier: 
Union  men  are  steadily  employed  at  wages  30 
per  cent  higher  than  those  secured  by  non-union 
men.  Building  trades  are  well  organized.  Textile 
workers  are  more  thoroughly  organized  and  have 
recently  secured  increase  of  10  per  cent.  Textile 
workers  are  forming  a  district  council.  Union  men 
are  treated  with  much  more  consideration  and  re- 
ceive better  wages  and  shorter  hours  than  the  un- 
organized workers.  There  is  large  demand  for 
union  label  goods.  Card-room  helpers  in  cotton 
mills  have  organized.  Nearly  all  unions  are  in- 
creasing membership.  Cigarmakers  particularly 
are  making  gratifying  gains  in  membership  and 
have  now  the  largest  membership  ever.  Employ- 
ment is  steady  and  conditions  or  organized  crafts 
satisfactory.  There  is  good  demand  for  the  union 
labels. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Ckarleslon.^ohn  L.  Kiley: 

Employment  has  been  plentiful,  but  wages  are 
not  what  they  should  be.  We  do  all  we  can  to  in- 
crease the  demand  of  the  union  labels. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Brookings, — D.  A.  Condlln: 

All  organized  crafts  well  employed.  Wages  fair 
and  conditions  satisfactory.  Have  organized  one 
new  union  during  the  month. 

TENNESSEE. 

Memphis.— C  W.  Merker: 

Conditions  are  good  and  emplovment  steady  for 
union  men.  No  changes  recently  in  conditions 
and  hours.  Have  formed  one  new  union  during 
the  month. 

TEXAS. 

Abilene.— ^.T  Scarborough: 

All  union  men  at  work  under  fair  conditions. 
Laundry  workers  are  likely  to  organize.  All  union 
men  demand  the  union  labels. 

Beaumont. — Oscar  Askerman: 

Some  crafts  are  thoroughly  unionized,  others 
only  partly.  All  strikes  with  the  exception  of 
bakers  who  are  now  out,  have  been  successful  in 
securing  for  the  union  men  their  demands.  Fire- 
men, teamsters,  clerks,  and  butchers  are  likely  to 
organize. 


Bridgeport.— },  C.  Phillips: 

Nearly  all  trades  have  secured  satisfactory 
agreements.  Farmers  are  pretty  well  organized 
and  in  prosperous  condition.  All  branches  of  labor 
steadily  employed.  The  union  labels  and  their 
patronage  are  discussed  at  union  meetings. 

Corpus  CAristi.—B.  P.  Moore: 

Nearly  all  trades  are  steadily  employed.  Organ- 
ized  labor  in  good  shape.  Wages  range  from  ^  2$ 
to  $4  a  day.  We  have  had  no  strikes.  A  federal 
union  was  organized  recently  and  barbers  are 
about  to  organize. 

Fort  Worth.— C.  W.  Woodman: 

Employment  is  steady  for  union  men.  Organized 
labor  gets  the  preference  with  employers  in  this 
city.  I^po^raphical  unions  at  Mineral  Well,  Cor- 
pus Christi,  and  Gainesville,  also  stationary  en- 
gineers at  Fort  Worth  have  been  organized  during 
the  month. 

Fbrt  Arthur.—}.  G.  Noyes: 

All  crafts  are  well  employed.  Minimum  waceof 
unskilled  laborers  is  $2.50  a  day.  Carpenters  have 
increased  wages  |l  a  day  without  strike.  Organ- 
ized labor  in  general  in  goojl  shape.  The  few  un- 
organized workers  still  left  now  share  some  of  the 
benefits  of  organization  without  contributing 
toward  it  Icemen  who  were  locked  out  about  two 
months  have  now  started  up  business  for  them- 
selves and  are  succeeding.  Musicians  have  organ- 
ized.. Blacksmiths  and  stationary  firemen  are 
about  to  form  unions. 

Thurber, — M.  D.  I^asater: 

Condition  of  organized  laborers  good  in  this  dty. 
Work  is  steady.  The  Labor  Day  celebration  here 
was  a  great  success.  We  demand  and  get  all  ar- 
ticles union  made. 

Waco.— ]o\in  R.  Spencer: 

Work  is  plentiful  for  all  industries.  Condition  of 
organized  trades  satisfactory.  Union  men  con- 
stantly secure  better  wages  and  shorter  hoars. 
Labor  Day  was  fittingly  celebrated  by  the  labor 
organizations  of  this  city.  Horseshoers,  painters, 
and  sheet  metal  workers  have  organized  recenUy. 
There  is  general  revival  of  interest  in  trade  union 
circles  and  we  look  for  increase  of  membership 
among  the  organizations. 

VERMONT. 

Newport— n.  P.  Swfeet: 

Wood  workers  of  Barton  Landing  expect  to  se- 
cure nine  hour  day  without  strike.  The  unions  of 
this  city  are  slowly  but  surely  coming  to  the  front 
Stonemasons,  painters,  wood  workers,  and  team- 
sters are  organizing.  The  weekly  pay  law  has  gone 
into  effect  and  seems  to  be  appreciated  by  mer- 
chants as  well  as  the  workers  In  some  trades 
help  is  scarce  and  wages  high.  Farmers  paid  from 
i2.50  to  |3  a  day  for  haying.  Several  mills  have 
increased  wages  and  granted  eight  hour  day  on 
Saturday. 

VIRGINIA. 

Newport  News.—].  J.  O'Donnell: 

Employment  is  generally  steady  here  and  in 
some  industries  there  is  scarcity  of  help  which  has 
increased  wage  rate.  Wages  of  organized  workers 
are  at  least  30  per  cent  higher  than  for  the  unor- 
ganized. An  active  campaign  is  on  for  the  union 
labels;  also  to  secure  favorable  labor  legislation  in 
the  state.  Ladies'  label  league  is  doing  good  work 
for  the  union  labels.  .      r^r^r^ir^ 

Digitized  by  VjOOy  IC 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


803 


Jiichmond. — James  Brown: 

Organized  trades  doing  well,  but  the  unorgan- 
ized workers  are  still  working  long  hours  with 
small  pay.     The  union  labels  are  well  patronized. 

WASHINGTON. 

Hoquiam. — H.  A.  Livermore: 

All  crafts  excepting  the  clerks  and  mill  workers 
are  well  organized  and  in  prosperous  condition. 
Shorter  hours  and  better  wages  have  been  secured. 
Bmployment  is  steady.  The  Asiatic  labor  ques- 
tion is  being  considered  in  this  section.  Although 
there  are  few  Asiatics  here,  there  are  a  number  of 
Hindoos. 

WISCONSIN. 

^jAAiik/.— Frank  Gauthier: 

Nearly  all  trades  have  been  steadily  employed. 
Organized  labor  fares  much  better  than  the  unor- 
ganized. Blast  furnace  workers  secured  five  per 
cent  raise  in  wages  without  strike.  Good  work 
is  done  for  the  union  labels.  Electrical  workers 
have  formed  union. 

Fon  du  Lxic—VJjn.  Graessle: 

All  unions  in  good  condition,  and  their  mem- 
bers steadily  employed.  Union  labor  generally 
secures  higher  wa^es  and  work  shorter  hours 
than  the  non-unionists.  Cigarmakers  and  printers 
are  particularly  active  in  the  work  for  the  union 
labels. 


Kenosha— Wtn.  N.  Souih: 

Work  is  plentiful  and  wages  are  satisfactory  for 
union  men.  Electrical  workers  and  telegraph  op- 
erators have  formed  unions.  We  had  a  fine  Labor 
Day  parade  and  picnic. 

Manitowoc. — G.  H.  Thompson: 

Interest  is  increasing  in  the  labor  movement  in 
this  city.  Better  progress  now  than  has  been 
noted  in  years.  Employment  is  steady.  MoUlers* 
union  succeeded  in  getting  their  men  out  of  an  un- 
fair shop  and  into  their  union  After  joining  the 
union,  the  men  secured  increased  wages  without 
strike.  The  non-union  cabinet  workers  went  on 
strike  and  lost  because  they  were  not  organized. 
Union  cabinet  workers  are  now  getting  from  $3  to 
13.75  a  day,  non-unionists  from  $2  to  $2.50. 

Racine.  — R.  M .  Walsh : 

Employment  steady.  Cigarmakers  secured  in- 
crease of  $\  per  thousand  without  strike,  except- 
ing one  shop  employing  six  men  who  were  out  one 
week.  The  union  laundries  signed  new  wage  scale, 
which  calls  for  increased  wages.  Wages  are 
steadily  increasing  in  the  union  stamp  shoe  fac- 
tories. Splendid  agitation  is  carried  on  by  indi- 
vidual union  memt^rs  in  order  to  push  the  union 
labels  to  the  front. 

Superior.-^}.  J.  Macosky: 

Industrial  conditions  good.  Coal  handlers,  ore 
handlers,  and  elevator  employes  have  organized. 
Gasfitters  are  likely  to  organize. 


DOMINION  NOTES. 


Moos€Jaw.—VA,  Stephenson: 

Unions  continue  to  gain  members  and  improve 
their  working. conditions.  Last  year  Regina  had 
one  union  of  twenty  members;  at  present  the  city 
has  twelve  unions  with  over  400  hundred  mem- 
bers. Excursions  of  harvesters  from  Eastern 
Canada  have  begun  and  it  is  estimated  that  21 ,0C0 
men  are  required  from  other  parts.  Crop  pros- 
pects do  not  promise  to  sustain  the  remarkable 
western  development,  a  depression  of  general  effect 
is  already  in  evidence  and  will  increase.  Trans- 
portation men  are  fully  employed,  but  the  building 
trades  have  not  been  rushed.  Work  slack  among 
the  unskilled  trades  Imported  harvesters  have  a 
tendency  to  seek  work  in  towns,  and  this  pre- 
judices poorly  organized  or  unskilled  occupations. 
It  has  been  discovered  that  Orientals  are  becom- 
ing numerous  in  the  prairie  provinces  and  entering 
new  occupations.  A  strong  feeling  is  awakened 
against  them.  Dominion  cabinet  ministers  have 
expressed  their  displeasure  at  the  unusual  immi|;ra- 
tion  of  Japs,  but  urge  the  government's  inability 
to  restrict  it  on  account  of  the  treaty  of  Com- 
merce and  Navigation  between  Great  Britain  and 
Japan,  to  which  Canada  is  a  party.  Paragraph  1, 
Article  t,  of  this  treaty  says:  *'The  subjects  of 
each  of  the  •  two  high  contracting  parties  shall 
have  full  liberty  to  enter,  travel,  or  reside  in  any 
part  of  the  Dominions  and  possessions  of  the  other 
contracting  party  and  shall  enjoy  full  and  perfect 
protection  for  their  persons  and  property."  A 
subsidiary  agreement  is  alleged  by  wnich  Japan 
agreed  to  limit  the  immigration  to  Canada  to  460 


odd  Japs  annually.    Thousands  have  come  Mithin 
a  few  months  and  more  are  embarked. 

Sheet  metal  workers  of  Regina  have  organized. 
Much  work  in  the  way  of  organization  could  be 
accomplished  with  more  definite  plan  of  organiza- 
tion. Union  labeled  hats,  cigars,  tobacco,  and 
shoes  find  good  demand  here.  Several  spurious 
labels  of  seceded  bodies  have  been  brought  to  the 
attention  of  trades  unionists.  Consideration  of  a 
'*fair  wa^e  clause"  is  pending  at  the  next  assem- 
bly session.  The  provincial  government  incor- 
porates a  clause  guaranteeing  average  locality 
wages  and  hours  to  workmen  in  all  public  build- 
ing contracts. 

PORTO  RICO. 

San  Juan. — Santiago  Iglesias: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress  on  the 
island.  The  unorganized  workers  are  becoming 
sufficiently  educat^  to  realize  the  benefits  of  trade 
organization,  and  are  joining  the  unions  with 
view  to  securing  better  working  conditions.  Em- 
ployment has  been  steady  in  building  trades, 
cigarmaking  and  other  industries.  Hours  and 
wages  are  improving  in  this  district  withontstrike. 
Labor  Day  was  celebrated  this  year  for  the  first 
time  on  the  island.  Typographical  union  is  mak- 
ing a  great  campaign  for  the  union  labels.  Car- 
penters and  strippers  of  Caguas,  women's  protec- 
tive union  of  Santurce,  painters  of  Rio  Piedras  and 
bricklayers  of  Caguas,  have  organized  recently. 
Bricklayers  of    Rio  Piedras,  hodcarriers,  painters 


and  barbers  of  Caguas  are  about  to  organiiD^ 


804 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Correspondence. 


San  Juan,  Porto  Rico,  September  4,  igpj. 
Editor  American  Federationist: 

For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  the  people  of 
Porto  Rico,  the  A.  F.  of  L.  celebrated  Labor  Day 
in  a  most  befitting  manner  in  all  the  cities  on  the 
island,  the  municipal  authorities  and  many  prom- 
inent men  of  different  political  and  social  creeds 
taking  part  in  the  celebration. 

The  Building  Trades  Unions  of  the  District  of 
San  Juan  held  a  large  mass  meeting  for  the  pur- 
pose  of  organizing  the  Executive  Council  of  the 
District.  The  meeting  was  largely  attended,  over 
3,000  hand  workers  were  present. 

The  labor  parade  was  something  unheard  of  in 
Porio  Rico  and  was  a  great  success  in  every  way. 
A  mass  meeting  was  also  held  in  the  afternoon,  the 
theatre  where  it  was  held  being  filled  to  iU  utmost 
capacity.  Hon.  Governor  Regis  H.  Post  was  pres- 
ent and  delivered  a  speech  which  lasted  an  hour. 
In  the  process  of  his  speech  he  discussed  labor 
questions  and  labor  acts  in  response  to  a  petition 
which  was  filed  with  him  on  May  tst  bv  the  Fed- 
eration, laj  ing  stress  on  the  eight  hour  law,  em- 


ployes* liability  law,  child  labor  law,  establishmeot 
of  a  Labor  Bureau,  etc.  It  is  the  first  time  in  Porto 
Rico  that  the  Governor  of  the  Island  stood  before 
the  labor  people  to  talk  on  matters  affecting  their 
welfare. 

Due  to  the  great  success  obtained  in  the  cele- 
bration of  Labor  Day,  the  membership  of  the  dif- 
ferent unions  has  increased  by  2S  per  cent,  thus 
assuring  their  progress.  Probably  several  delegates 
from  Porto  Rico  will  attend  the  coming  conven- 
tion of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor. 

The  photographs  taken  on  the  occasion  and  the 
papers  drawn  on  the  day  will  be  sent  to  the  ex- 
hibition of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  at  the  Jamestown 
fair. 

I  have  organized  this  week  two  carpenters*  no- 
ions,  one  painters*  union,  one  tobacco  strippers' 
union,  and  one  masons*  union,  and  have  initiated 
about  280  members  of  different  unions  in  San  Jnan. 
Santurce,  Aguadilla,  and  Caguas. 
Fraternally  yours, 

Santiago  Iglbsias, 
Organizer,  A,  F.ofL. 


DISTRICT  AND  GENERAL  ORGANIZERS. 


Namber  Commlssloiifed  Organisers,  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor,  1,175. 

District  No.  I.— Eastern. 

Gomprliing  the  states  of  Maine.  Vermont,  New  Hamp- 
shire, Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  and 
the  Province  of  New  Brunswick,  Canada. 

OfVso/Mn,  Stuart  Reid,  Thomas  F.  Tracy. 

District  No.  II.— Middle. 

Comprising  the  states  of  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Penu- 
syiTanla,  Delaware,  Maryland,  the  District  of  Columbia, 
and  the  Province  of  Quebec,  Canada. 

OrgBDlMen,  Herman  Robinson.  Hugh  Frayne.  Cal 
Wyatt,  W.  C.  Hahn,  Thomas  H.  Flynn,  Arthur  E. 
Holder,  John  A.  Flett. 

District  No.  III.— Southern. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Virginia,  North  Carolina. 
South  Carolina,  Georgia.  Florida,  Kentucky,  Tennessee, 
Alabama,  Mississippi,  and  Louisiana. 

Organixer,  James  Leonard. 

District  No.  IV.— Central. 

Comprifiina  the  states  of  West  Virginia,  Ohio,  Indianat 
Illinois,  Michigan,  and  Wisconsin. 


O/nais^ri,  J.  J.  FiUpatrtck,  J.  D.  Pierce,  Emmet  T. 
Flood,  Jacob  Taselaar,  William  E.  Terry.  Edwin  &. 
Wright. 

District  No.  v.— Northwestern. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Minnesota.  Iowa,  North 
Dakota,  South  Dakota,  Nebraska,  and  Manitoba. 

District  No.  VI.— Southwestern. 
Comprising  the  states  of  Missouri,  Kansas,  Texa^ 
Indian  Territory,  Oklahoma,  and  Arkansas. 
OrgADlxen,  Henry  M.  Walker,  Peter  Hanrdty. 

District  No.  VII.— Inter-Mountain. 

Comprising  the  sUtes  of  MonUna,  Wyomlog.  Colo- 
rado, New  Mexico,  Arlsona,  Utah,  and  Idaho. 

District  No.  VIII.— Pacific  Coast 

Comprising  the  states  of  Nevada,  Alaska,  WasUqr 
ton,  Oregon,  California,  and  the  Province  of  British Oi- 
lumbla. 

Organlten,  C.  O.  Young,  M.  Orant  UamlltOD. 


Porlo  Rico.— Santiago  Igleslas. 


Digitized  by 


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American  Federationist. 

Official  monthly  magazikk 

devotkd  to  the  intbbk8tb  akd  voicing  the  db- 

mands  of  thb  trade  union  muvbmbnt. 

PUBLI8HBD  BY 

THE  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OP  LABOR. 

— AT— 

423-425  O  Sir— t  N.  W. W— hlngton,  P.  C. 

Convspondents  will  please  write  on  one  side  of  the 

paper  only,  and  address  „,._..       ^  ^ 

BAMUBii  GOMPBBS,  Editor,  Washington,  D.  C. 

All  communications  relating  to  finances  and  subscrip- 

Uoasshonld  bo  addressed  to  „,    ^.     .       r.  /^ 

Fbank  Mobbison,  Secretary,  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  publisher  reserves  the  right  to  reject  or  revoke 
advertising  contracts  at  any  time. 

The  American  federation  of  Labor  is  not  sponsor  for, 
nor  Interested  in,  any  souvenir  publication  or  any  kind. 

Entered  at  Washington,  D.  C,  postofflce  as  second-class 
matter. 


Per  Abbbib, 
SiBgle  copy. 


SUBSCRIPTION: 


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BxecBtlve  CobbcII,  A.  P.  of  L. 
SAMUEL  GOMPEEIS,  President. 
JAMES  DUNCAN,  First  Vice-President. 
JOHN  MITCHELL,  Second  Vice-President. 
JAMES  O'CONNELL,  Third  Vice-President. 
MAX  MORRIS,  Fourth  Vice-Presidet  t. 
DENIS  A.  HAYES,  Fifth  Vice-President. 
DANIEL  J.  KEEPE,  Sixth  Vice-President. 
WILLIAM  D.  HUBER,  Heventh  Vlce-Prebldent. 
JOSEPH  F.  VALENTINE,  Eighth  Vice-President. 
JOHN  B.  LENNON,  Treasurer. 
FRANK  MORRISON,  Secretary. 


1 


Convention  Call! 
Labor  Omnia  Vindt 

AMBBICAM  FBDBBATION  OF  LABOB, 

Headquarters,  428-426  O  Street  N.  W. 

Washikoton,  D.  C,  September  18, 1007, 
To  AH  AttliBted  UDiouB-GnetiDg: 

Yon  are  hereby  advised  that,  in  pursuance  to  the  Con- 
stltation  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  the 
twenty-seventh  annual  convention  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  will  be  held  at  Norfolk,  Va.,  begin- 
ning 10 o'clock  Monday  morning,  November  11,  Iw  7.  and 
wilicontinue  in  session  from  day  to  day  until  the  busi- 
ness of  the  convention  has  been  completed.  The  first 
day's  (Monday)  session  will  be  held  at  the  Auditorium 
Bonding  on  the  grounds  of  the  Jamestown  Exposition. 
Ail  sefsfons  thereafter  will  be  held  at  the  Armory  Hall, 
in  the  city  of  Norfolk  proper. 

RepreaeataUon. 
Representation  in  the  convention  will  be  on  the  fol- 
lowing basis:  From  national  or  International  unions, 
for  less  than  4,000  members,  one  delegate;  4,000  or  more, 
two  delegates:  8,000  or  more,  three  delegates;  16,0CU  or 
more,  four  delegates;  !t2,C0d  or  more,  five  delegates; 
64,C00  or  more,  six  delegates;  128,0C0or  more,  seven  dele- 
gates, and  iK>  on;  and  from  central  bodies  and  state  fed- 
erations, and  fjrom  local  trade  unions  not  havine  a  na- 
tional or  international  union,  and  ftom  federal  labor 
anions,  one  delegate. 


Organizations  to  be  entitled  to  representation,  must 
have  obtained  a  certificate  of  aflSllation  (charter)  at 
least  one  month  prior  to  the  convention;  and  no  person 
will  be  recognized  as  a  delegate  who  is  not  a  member  in 
good  standing  of  the  organization  he  is  elected  to  repre- 
sent. 

Oaly  boDBOde  imce  workers,  wbo  an  nut  emhe-a  off  or 
eUgible  to  taembenbip  in  o  her  trade  ualona,  an  eligible  aa 
delegatea  from  ttderal  labor  uniona. 

Dehgataa  muat  be  aeJected  »t  leaat  two  weeks  previoua  to 
tbe  eonventlon,  and  tbeir  namea  forwarded  to  the  Secretary 
of  tbe  American  F\oderation  of  Labor  tmmtdla  ely  alter 
tbeir  election. 

Delegatea  are  not  entitled  to  aeota  in  the  convention  uo- 
haa  tbe  tax  of  tbeir  organiaationa  baa  bevn  paid  In  full  to 
September  30,  1907, 

The  importance  of  our  organisations  and  our  move- 
ment, the  duty  of  tbe  hour  and  for  the  future,  demand 
that  every  organization  entitled  to  representation  shall 
send  its  full  quota  of  delegates  V>  the  Norfolk  conven- 
tion, November  1 1. 1907. 

Do  not  allow  favoritism  to  infiuence  you  in  selecting 
your  delegates.    Be  fully  represented. 

Be  ably  represented  by  your  best,  most  faithful,  and 
experienced  members. 

Vredentlala, 

Credentials  in  duplicate  are  forwarded  to  allaflSllated 
unions.  The  original  credentials  must  be  given  to  the 
delegate-elect  and  the  duplicate  forwarded  to  the  Ameri- 
can Federation  of  Labor  oflllce,  42^-425  G  Street  North- 
west, Washington.  D.  C. 

The  Committee  on  Credentials  will  meet  at  the  liead- 
quarters  of  tbe  American  Federation  of  Labor  six  days 
previous  to  the  opening  of  theconvention,  and  will  re- 

Eort  immediately  upon  the  opening  thereof  at  Norfolk; 
ence  secretarien  will  observe  the  necessity  of  mailing 
the  duplicate  credentials  of  their  respective  delentes  at 
the  earliest  possible  moment  to  Washington,  D.  C. 


Orhvancea. 

Under  the  law  no  grievance  can  be  considered  by  the 
convention  that  has  been  decided  by  a  previous  con- 
vention, except  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  Execu- 
tive Council,  nor  will  any  grievance  be  oousidered  where 
the  parties  thereto  have  not  previously  held  conference 
and  attempted  to  adjust  thesame  themselves. 

Railroad  Rataa, 
Application  was  made  to  the  railroads  to  grant  dele-  * 
gates  and  friends  attending  tbe  Norfolk  convention  of 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor  a  reduced  fare.  The 
railroad  companies  replied  that  the  rates  conceited  vis- 
itors to  the  Jamestown  Exposition  at  Norfolk,  Va., 
can  not  be  further  reduced,  lieiice  delegates  and  their, 
frieuds  attending  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
convention  can  avail  themselves  of  the  exposition  ex- 
cursion rates  when  making  tbeir  purchases  from  their 
local  ticket  agents. 

Hotel  Ratea  {Rooma  Only). 

Arrangements  for  hotel  accommodations  have  been 
made,  as  follows: 

Fairfax,  11.60  per  day,  2  in  room;  capacity.  SOO.  Lynn- 
haven,  11.60  per  day;  capacity,  260.  Princess,  $1.00  per 
day;  capacity,  60.  Atlantic,  fl.oOper  day;  capacity,  200. 
Neddo.  S1.60  per  day;  capacity,  200.  Meyer,  $1  per  day; 
capacity,  160.  Henry  Seellngers,  |l  per  day;  capacity, 
20.  Colonial,  II  per  day;  capacity,  160.  Terminal  Hotel 
and  CeJe  Ck>.,  76  cents  per  day;  capacity,  60.  New  Glad- 
stone, 11  per  day;  capacity,  260.  Savoy,  11.60  per  day; 
capacity,  100.  Lenox.  $2  per  day  and  18  per  week  per  per- 
son, 2  in  room;  capacity,  410. 

Rate  for  rooms  with  private  families,  |1  per  day  for 
each  person,  for  room  and  breakfast.  Delegates  wishing 
to  make  arrangements  for  themselves  and  families  may 
do  so  by  corresponding  with  W.  H.  Scott,  71  City  Hall 
Avenue,  Norfolk,  Va. 

Headquarters  of  the  Executive  Council  will  l>e  at  the 

Fairfax  Hotel.  _ i      rxr^r^lC" 

^gQ5)  Digitized  by  VjOOV  It 


806 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Delegatw  sboald  notify  obairmaD  of  the  Arrange- 
ments  Oommittee,  NorfolJc,  Va.,  stating  time  of  their 
contemplated  arrlyal  at  Norfolk,  and  over  which  road 
they  win  travel. 

if  there  be  any  farther  information  regarding  the  con- 
veutlon,  or  the  arrangementB  for  the  convenience  of  the 
delegates.  It  will  be  communicated  in  a  later  droalar,  or 
through  the  Ambbioav  Fbdbbationibt. 

SAMUEL  OOMPER8. 

Attest:  Pnaideat, 

Fbabk  Mobbisov, 

Jambs  Duvoak,  mtt  Vice-^realdeut. 
John  Mitchbix,  Seeond  V.ce-PnaideBt. 
Jambs  (VCoiinbll,  Third  VI  e-Pnaldeat, 
Max  Mobbi8»  Fourth  Vhe-President, 
D.  A.  Haybs.  Fifth  Vioe-Prtaident. 
DAiriBi<  J.  Kbbfb,  SLtth  Yto^PretMent, 
Wm.  D.  Hubbb,  Serenth  Vice-Pr^ldent. 
'  Jos.  p.  Valbntibb,  Eighth  Vloe-Prwldent, 
JoHif  B.  Lbbnon,  TTr^aaurer 

Bxeeutive  CouoeU^  American 
Fader Atton  otLttbor, 
Secretaries  will  please  read  this  call  at  first  meeting 
of  their  organisation.    Labor  and  reform  press  please 
copy.  

AN  APPEAL.    . 

The  Commercial  Telegraphers'  Union  of  America, 

Affiliated  with  the  American  Federation  of  Labor, 

General  Offices.  Mpnon  Building,  Chicago.  III. 

Chicaqo,  SSeptember  16^  1907. 
To  OrgMoiMed  Lmhor— Greeting: 

The  Commercial  Telegraphers*  Union  of  America  is 
now  engaged  In  a  tremendous  struggle  with  the  Western 
Unionand  Postal  Telegraph  Companies  and  the  Asso- 
ciated Press.  The  fight  was  not  of  our  seeking,  but  came 
as  a  result  of  a  lack  of  good  faith  on  the  part  of  the  em- 
ployers in  negotiations  with  our  representatives. 

Over  80  per  cent  of  the  commercial  telegraphers  are  on 
strike,  and  over  9U  per  cent  of  those  directly  employed 
by  the  two  companies  and  the  Associated  Press.  Our 
members  reported  to  the  strike  call  unanimouKly,  and 
VO  per  cent  ot  those  telegraphers  who  were  not  members 
walked  out,  and  arestiu  out. 

We  are  contending  for  principles  vital  to  every  trades 
unionist,  and  we  believe  a  defeat  for  us  would  be  a  set- 
back to  the  entire  labor  movement. 

Our  demands  are: 

AK  £iOHT  HouB  Day. 

Equal  Pat  pub  Equal  Wobk  by  Mbn  ob  Women. 

KIPTBBN  PBB  CBMT  INCBBASB. 

ThatthbCompabibs  Kubnish  Typbwbiters. 

We  are  now  in  the  fifth  week  of  this  struggle  and 
sooner  or  later  victory  may  depend  on  our  ability  to 
give  fiuanclal  assistance  to  the  strikers. 

Our  treasury  contained  a  creditable  amountat  the  be- 
ginning of  this  trouble,  butthedraln  has  already  proven 
a  heavy  one. 

For  more  than  a  month  the  strikers  have  presented  a 
solid  front,  reiterating  day  afier  day  and  week  after 
week  ihelr  determination  to  remain  out  until  ah  honor- 
able adjustment  is  had.  The  employers,  on  the  other 
hand,  **stand  pat"  and  say  to  the  press  **the  strikers  will 
return  to  work  once  their  pockets  and  stomachs  become 
empty." 

It  comes  to  us  from  reliable  sources  that  the  board  of 
directors  of  the  Western  Union,  at  their  meeting  a  week 
ago,  decided  to  continue  the  flghi  for  a  limited  time,  or 
so  long  as  the  public  will  tolerate  the  demoralized  con- 
dition in  which  the  telegraph  service  of  the  country  is 
now  in. 

Feeling  that  we  can  not  with  honor  to  ourselves,  and 
in  JUHtice  to  our  fellow- workers  and  those  in  sympathy 
with  the  trade  union  movement  surrender  to  the  tele- 
graph trust,  we  make  this  appeal  for  financial  assistance, 
in  order  that  we  may  care  for  our  members  while  the 
strike  lasts.  Our  fight  Is  won  now  so  far  as  the  sticking 
of  our  membership  Is  concerned,  but  we  must  have  out* 
side  assistance  in  order  to  win. 

Men  and  women  can  not  be  expected  to  long  contend 
for  their  rights  upon  hungry  stomachs;  to  provide  at 
least  the  absolute  necessities  of  life  Is  essential,  and  to 
secure  these  we  require  your  financial  assistance.  We 
therefore  ask  your  aid.  We  trust  that  We  will  hear 
fiivorably  fh>m  you  and  assure  you  that  your  aid  will  be 
appreciated. 

Fraternally  yours,  8.  J.  Small. 

Attest:  Prealdent, 

Wbslby  RuasBLL, 

OenerAl  Secretary-Treasurer, 


N.  B.— Make  all  checks  or  money«ordett  nayabte  to 
Wesley  Russell^  secretary-treasurer,  Rooih^  10,  Mooon 
Building.  Chicago,  111.,  or  notify  8.  J.Smill.  pr^sldcot, 
same  address. 

OrriCB  AMBB10AN   FBDBBATIOM  op  La  BOB, 

Wabhikotob,  D.  a,  Sept.  18,  1907. 
To  Orgaoited  l^uhor: 

The  appeal  of  the  Commercial  Telegraphers'  nnkmfor 
financial  assistance  has  the  full  endorsement  and  ap- 

Sroval  of  the  Executive  Council  of  the  American  Fed«np 
on  of  Labor. 

Realizing  the  tremendous  Importance  and  the  Taat 
interesu  involved,  the  Executive  Council  tendered  lu 
good  oflUces  to  both  the  organization  and  the  eompfto- 
les.  The  organization  acoepted  the  offer,  both  the  ooai- 
panies  spumed  It.  It  is  evidently  the  policy  and  hope  of 
the  companies  to  not  only  crush  the  telegrmpherr  or- 
ganization, but  their  spirit  and  aspiration  for  a  brl^bter 
and  better  day.  While  we  do  not  aim  at  the  hamilbOIOD 
of  the  companies,  yet  labor  and  its  friends  can  not  per- 
mit the  men  being  ridden  over  roughshod. 

An  honorable  adjustment  of  the  contest  can  be  at- 
tained, if  the  companies  understand  that  the  telegrapb- 
ers  can  not  be  starved  into  an  unconditional  sarrendar. 
To  accomplish  this  nurpose  labor  must  oome  to  tlie 
financial  assistance  of  the  telegraphers. 

All  unions  are  urgently  requested  lo  at  onoe  donate 
and  voluntarily  contribute  as  generously  add  promptly 
as  possible  and  to  forward  same  to  Wesley  Russell,  eee- 
retary-treasurer,  Room  980,  Monon  Bnlldlog,  Chleaco. 
111.,  and  notify  8.  J.  Small,  president,  same  addreaa. 
Fraternally  yours, 

8AMUBL  QOMPEBS, 

Preeident,  American  F^eration  of  Labor. 
Attest: 

Fbank  Mobbisok, 
Secretary. 


A.  F.  OF  L.  EXECUTIVE  COUNCIL  MEETING. 

[For  convenience  the  abstract  of  these  minutes  given 
herewith  is  not  necessarily  published  in  the  order  in 
which  the  business  was  transacted.! 

Washiboton,  D.  C,  AatiOMt  19-94, 1907. 

Executive  Council  called  to  order  August  19  at  10a.  m^ 
President  Gompers  In  the  chair. 

Present  on  roll-call:  Gompers.  Duncan,  Mitchell, 
O'ConnelL  Morris.  Hayes,  Keere,  Unber,  Lennon.  Mor- 
rison, and  Valentine. 

President  €K>mpers  submitted  the  following  report, 
which  was  ordered  made  a  part  of  the  minutes: 

••WA8HINOTOB,  D.  C,  AuguBt  lU,  1907. 
E^XBCUTIVB  <'OUMCIL,  A.  F.  OF  L. 

COLLBAOUBs:  At  the  last  meetlug  of  the  Executive 
Council  a  number  of  matters  were  referred  to  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  for  Investiga- 
tion and  further  report  to  the  B.  C.  1  desire  not  only  to 
make  a  report  upon  these  matters,  but  also  upon  other 
matters  of  interest  to  our  movement  which  have  arisen 
since  the  adjournment  of  the  March  meeting. 

8BAMBB— L0BG9HOBBMBN.— In  the  case  of  the  seamen 
and  longshoremen,  in  which  I  was  selected  to  act  as 
arbitrator  snd  rendered  the  following  decision  and 
award: 

1.  The  use  by  the  International  Longshoremen's  Asso- 
ciation of  the  additional  title  **Marlne  and  Transport 
Workers*'  is  not  essenUal  to  iU  righta  and  interests,  and 
it  Is  esseatially  prejudicial  to  thi  rights  and  interesU  of 
the  seamen.  Therefore,  and  for  the  further  reasons  here- 
inafter given,  the  farther  use  by  the  International  Long- 
shoremen's Association  of  the  additional  title  ** Marine 
and  Transport  Workers"  is  to  be  discontinued. 

2.  The  work  of  loading  and  unloading  vessels  (with 
the  following  exceptions)  belongs  to  the  longshoremen: 

(a)  In  the  coastwise  trade,  when  seamen  bring  a 
vessel  Into  port,  remain  with  the  vessel  for  Ita  onward 
course  or  for  Ita  return  to  the  Initial  port,  the  work  of 
loading  or  unloading  the  cargo  to  the  extent  of  the 
ship's  tackle  may  be  performed  by  the  seamen. 

(b)  Seamen  may  load  or  unload  cargoes  beyond  the 
shlp^s  tackle,  but  only  with  theconsent  of,  or  by  agree- 
ment with,  the  longshoremen. 

8.  Under  no  circumstances  (unless  by  the  consent  of, 
or  agreement  with,  the  longshoremen)  may  seamen  load 
or  unload  cargoes  unless  they  (the  seamen)  are  of  the 
vessel's  sailing  crew  In  an  In  or  out-bound  voyage.  And 
then  only  as  above  decided  In  exception  (a). 

That  a  conference  of  the  representatives  of  the  organ- 
izations herein  named  referred  to  be  held  at  Norfolk. 
Va.,  beginning  November  11,  1907.  for  the  purpose  ox 
carrying  this  desirable  end  Into  -^~--" 


Digitized  by 


/'C&ogLe 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


807 


The  Above,  tofother  w|th  the  reasons  therefor,  were 
tmnsmiUed  to  both  orcanisaiions  ander  date  of  Jane 
a>ib.  Later  President  Keefe,  of  the  International  Long- 
tkhor^inen's  Association,  asked  for  a  definition  or  con- 
Hiruction  apoQ  section  2,  paragraph  (a).  The  following 
is  bis  letter 

*  Detroit,  Mich.*,  Judb  28, 1907. 

Mr   HAMUBL  QOMPBBS, 

President.  \.  P.  of  L.. 
428  O  street  N.  W.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Deab  8iB  AMD  Bbotheb:  I  am  in  receipt  of  Joint 
oommanlcatlon  sentbyyoato  both  seamen  and  long- 
Khorwmen  international  unions,  with  your  finding  or 
de«:lslon  as  arbitrator  in  the  controversy  between  the 
Mbove-named  organizations,  and  for  the  information  of 
our  delegates  toour  fifteenth  oonTention,  I  ask  that  yoo 
put  a  construction  on  section  2,  paragraph  *A,'  which  is 
»s  fo  lows: 

*\a)  In  the  coastwise  trade,  when  seamen  bring  a  yes- 
eel  Into  port,  remain  with  the  vessel  for  its  onward 
coarxe  or  for  its  return  to  the  initial  port,  the  work  of 
•  oadlng  or  unloading  the  cargo  to  the  extent  of  the 
tehlp'tf  tackle  may  be  performed  by  the  seamen." 

You  will  kindly  define  what  you  mean  by  the  ship's 
I  ackle  and  .oblige. 

Fraternally  yours, 

(Signed)    Damibl  J.  Kbbfb.' 

To  this  I  sent  the  following  reply: 

Washimotom,  D.  Cm  July  6, 1907, 
Mr.  Danibl  J.  Kbbfb, 

President.  International  Association  of  Longshore- 
men, Elks*  Temple  Buildins,  Detroit,  Mich. 

Drab  Sib  and  Bbothbb:  Your  lavor  of  June  28th  to 
ha  Dd  and  contents  noted.  I  have  been  so  busy  with 
wurk  demanding  immediate  attention  that  your  letter 
wan  crowded  for  oonsideratiun  up  to  this  momeot. 

You  ask  me  to  define  what  Is  meant  by  the  award  and 
deciblon  rendered  In  the  case  of  the  Seaman  vs.  Long- 
shoremen, June  26tb,  the  paragraph  reading  as  follows: 

*ln  the  coastwise  trade,  when  seamen  bring  a  vessel 
into  port,  remain  with  the  vessel  for  its  on>*  ard  course, 
or  for  its  return  to  the  iDltiai  port,  the  work  of  loading 
or  unloadlDg  the  cargo  to  the  extent  of  the  ship's  tackle 
lUMy  be  performed  by  the  seamen.' 

L$-\  me  say  thai  during  the  entire  hearing  there  was 
not  one  word  of  contention  as  to  what  was  meant  by  the 
term  *shlp's  tackle.'  Everyone  seemed  to  aocepi  the 
tf^rraas  clearly  understood.  The  argument  made  by 
Mr.  aiadsen  representing  your  organization  (see  min- 
utes, pages  268-38  and  2(10),  and  the  argument  of  Mr. 
MacArthur,  representing  the  seamen  (nee  minutes, 
pages  6(K-61  and  62-68),  seem  to  me  to  be  both  Justified  in 
pan  upon  this  subject,  and  the  parts  which  appeal  to 
me  to  he  Justifiable  I  oombided  Into  the  paragraph  of 
tbe  decision  you  qnoie—that  is,  paragraph  **  A,"  section  2. 

Now  let  me  say  further  that,  desirous  of  obtaining 
something  authoritative  upon  the  subject  of  the  defini- 
tion of  the  term,  'ship's  tackle,'  I  had  a  conversation 
with  a  representative  of  the  Navigation  Department  of 
tbe  United  -states,  and  asked  him  for  a  definition  of  the 
term,  in  so  far  as  it  applies  to  the  ship's  tackle  used  In 
loading  or  uuloading  the  cargo  of  a  vessel,  a  d  he  said 
tbat  In  a  broad  sense  the  whole  rigging  of  a  ship  might 
be  regarded  as  the  'ship's  tackle:'  vet,  in  the  ordinary 
acceptance  of  that  term,  it  applied  to  blocks,  ropes,  and 
yard  arm4,  and  that  these  would  cover  It  I  simply  refer 
to  this  for  whatever  information  it  may  contain,  and 
forming  no  part  of  any  oflUclal  utterance  on  my  part, 
for  you  win  readily  realise  that  as  a  landsman,  I  am  not 
qualified  to  definitely  determine  the  strict  definition  of 
nautical  terms. 

I  am  forwarding  a  copy  of  your  letter  and  a  copy  of  . 
tbis  reply  to  the  Secretary  of  the  International  Sea- 
men'H  union. 

With  kindest  regards  and  best  wishes  and  asking  to 
be  kindly  remembered  to  the  convention  and  regretting 
my  inability  to  be  present,  I  am, 
Kratemally  yours. 

(Signed)      Samubl  Gompbbs. 

PnBldent,  A.  F.  of  L." 

The  convention  of  the  Interoatlonal  Association  of 
Longshoremen  was  held  in  Ju'y.  and  I  was  officially 
notified  thereafter  that  the  onveatlon  refused  to  abide 
by  the  decisiou  and  award. 

Cabpbntebs  — Wood  Wokkbbs.  — Tbe  agreement 
reached  between  the  representatives  of  the  Amalga- 
mated W«K>d  Workers'  International  Union  and  the 
United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of 
America  at  Minneapolis,  and  ratified  by  the  conven- 
tk>D  of  tbe  A.  P.  of  L.,  had  for  its  purpose  the 
amalgamation  of  the  former  with  the  latter.  The 
ofllearsof  both  organiz  Uions  submitted  the  agreement 
and  the  referendum  vote  of  the  membership  of  each  of 


their  respective  organ Ization^.  I  liave  been  ofildally 
informed  by  the  united  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 
that  the  membership  ratified  the  agreement,  and  also 
have  been  informed  that  the  membership  of  the  wood 
workers  has  r^ected  It. 

In  connection  with  this  matter,  your  attention  should 
be  called  to  the  fact  that  we  have  received  a  number  of 
communications  from  an  employers*  association  in  be- 
half of  a  company  conducting  a  wood  working  establish- 
ment, insisting  upon  some  definite  course  in  order  that 
they  may  conform  thereto,  and  be  safeguarded  trom  the 
results  of  contests  by  reason  of  the  rival  claims  of  each 
organisation  and  conduct  union  estkblishments. 

There  will  be  submitted  to  you  at  this  session  an  ap- 

Blication  signed  by  Secretary  Duffy  of  the  United 
rotherhood  of  Carpenters  for  the  revocation  of  the 
charter  held  by  the  Wood  Workers'  International 
Union. 

Mbtal  Lathbbs—Bbidgb  and  Stbuctubal  Ibok 
WOBKBBS— Ubsolution  No.21.— Sincc  our  March  meet- 
ing I  have  continued  correspondence  with  the  executive 
omcersofthe  two  organisations  named  with  the  object 
of  being  helpfhl  in  every  way  within  my  power  to 
adjust  the  Jurisdictional  questions  at  issue.  The  £.  C. 
when  considering  resolution  Mo.  21,  sustained  the 
claim  of  the  Metal  Lathers'  International  Union  as  to 
the  matter  of  Jurisdiction  as  follows: 

"On  the  complaint  of  the  Wood,  Wire*  and  Metal 
Lathers'  International  Union  against  the  Bridge  and 
Structural  Iron  Workers'  International  Association,  for 
infHnging  upon  their  Jurisdiction,  it  was  decided  that 
the  claims  of  the  wood,  wire,  and  metal  lathers  be 
sustained,  and  that  in  co  nmunicating  this  decision  to 
theoflloersof  the  Bridge  and  Structural  Iron  Workers' 
International  Association,  their  attention  be  called  to 
the  change  made  in  their  constitution  by  which  they 
extend  their  Jurisdiction  over  *all  wire  work.*  without 
notice  of  their  intention  being  lodged  with  the  oflUcers 
of  the  A.P.ofL." 

Some  doubt  still  seems  to  exist  as  to  the  exact  claim 
of  Jurisdiction  made  by  each  organization,  but  it  is 
hoped  that  a  mutually  satisfactory  understanding  will 
be  reached. 

Papbr  Makbbs— Pulp  and  Sulphitb  Workbbs.— 
Prom  time  to  time  since  our  last  meeting  the  E.  C. 
has  been  advised  by  letter  as  to  our  continued  eflbrts  to 
bring  about  a  better  understanding,  amalgamation  or 
agr*>ement  between  the  papermakers  and  the  pulp  and 
sulphite  workers.  Our  efforts  thus  for  have  oeen  un- 
successful. Secretary  Morrlbon  upon  my  request  at- 
tended the  convention  of  the  papermakers,  and  his  re- 
port will  be  submitted  as  an  appendix  to  this  report. 

•Resolution  No.  88.— In  conformity  with  the  action  of 
the  E.  C.  at  its  March  meeting  that  the  charter  of 
Double  Drum  Holster  Runners'  Union  No  11.275  should 
be  recalled,  upon  the  Steam  Engineers'  International 
Union  receiving  the  members  of  that  local  into  mem- 
bership, with  the  written  agreement  that  until  they 
have  qualified  as  steam  engineers  they  will  be  permitted 
to  work  for  the  wages  now  received,  or  on  such  im- 
proved conditions  as  can  be  secured  for  them  by  the 
steam  engineers,  I  have  been  in  correspondence  with 
the  representatives  of  both  organizations.  The  Presi- 
dent or  the  Engineers'  International  Union  advises  me 
that  it  Is  expected  In  the  near  future  that  a  conference 
will  be  held,  as  his  New  York  local  voted  to  comply  with 
the  decision  of  the  E.  G.  and  he  expresses  the  hope  that 
the  matter  will  be  speedily  settled  to  the  satisfaction  of 
both  parties  interested. 

Rbsolution  No.  149— Relative  to  the  controversy  be- 
tween tbe  Hrotherhood  of  Electrical  Workers  and  the 
American  Bell  Telephone  and  Telegraph  Company. 
After  repeated  eflbrts  I  succeeded  in  arranging  a  confer- 
ence in  Boston  on  May  81st  with  the  president  of  the 
telegraph  company  and  President  McNultv  of  the 
electrical  workers,  in  which  I  participated.  The  entire 
subject-mattef  of  the  controversy  was  carefhlly  gone 
over,  and  President  Vail  assured  President  McNulty 
that  if  any  wrong  had  been  done  to  the  electrical  workers 
that  was  with  la  his  power  to  correct  he  would  do  so, 
and  he  requested  that  President  McNulty  should  submit 
to  htm  in  writing  ail  grievances  and  he  would  give  the 
matter  the  best  consideration  possible.  President  Mc- 
Nulty thereafter  wrote  to  me  referring  in  detail  to  the 
grievances  and  complaints  which  were  discussed  in  a 
general  way  with  President  Vali,  and  I  transmitted  the 
same  to  Mr.  Vail.  I  have  not  yet  received  any  further 
information  or  advice  In  regi^rd  to  the  matter,  as  I  was 

•Resolutions  referred  to  herein  by  number  are  resolu- 
tions of  the  Minneapolis  convention  of  Ihe  AyP:vO%]|,|> 
and  may  be  found  in  the  proceedings  by  VnvJU VTv^ 


808 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


advised  apon  receipt  of  my  letter  that  President  Vail 
was  absent,  but  would  take  the  matter  up  upon  his 
return. 

Rbsolution  No.  KM. -Being  the  application  of  the 
Boot  and  Shoe  Workers'  International  union  for  the  en- 
dorsement of  its  position  declaring  the  Arm  of  a.  E. 
Nettleton.  of  Syracuse.  N.  Y.,  as  unfair  to  organised 
labor  and  which  was  approved  by  yon  at  the  March 
meeting.  Shortly  thereafter  the  president  of  the  Boot 
and  Shoe  Workers'  International  u  nion  requested  that 
the  matter  be  held  up  for  further  effort  at  adjustment. 
Upon  his  request  I  met  with  him  and  the  representative 
of^the  company  at  Boston  on  May  8Lst  for  a  conference. 
Another  conference  was  held  in  which  I  participated  in 
Syracuse  on  June  l&th,  and  a  satisfactory  written  agree- 
ment between  the  firm  and  the  organization  at  interest 
was  reached. 

Rbsolutioms  Nob.  20  ahd  61.->At  our  last  meeting 
there  were  several  matters  in  connection  with  resolu- 
tions Nos.  30  and  01  which  the  sub-committee  of  the 
B.  C.  which  met  in  New  York  last  February  deferred  to 
the  March  meeting  for  decision.  One  of  these  matters 
was  the  case  of  the  local  union  of  asbestos  workers  In 
New  York  City,  and  in  conformity  with  your  direction  I 
wrote  to  the  secretary  of  the  national  association  In- 
quiring whether  it  would  not  be  more  advantageous  for 
the  time  being  for  the  national  association  to  dissolve, 
the  local  unions  thereof  to  receive  charters  ftom  and 
come  under  the  direct  protection  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  until 
such  time  In  the  future  as  circumstances  may  warrant 
the  reorganisation  of  the  national  association.  The 
asbestos  workers  did  not  think  favorably  of  this  re- 
commendation, and  the  national  association  still  holds 
lU  charter. 

The  Pavers*  and  ECammermen's  International  Union 
protested  against  the  decision  of  the  E.  C.  that  the  blue 
stonecutters  should  becjme  part  of  the  International 
Union  of  Granite  Cutters.  I  have  had  considerable  cor- 
respondence upon  the  subject  with  the  secretary  of  that 
international  union,  and  in  the  last  letter  received  from 
him  he  said  that  he  would  submit  the  entire  matter  to 
his  convention.  Since  then  I  have  heard  nothing  flrom 
him  upon  the  subject. 

The  Central  Federated  Union  of  New  York  City  advises 
me  that  Metallic  Lathers'  Union  No.  46  has  been  denied 
recognition  in  that  body  until  such  time  as  this  local  be- 
comes part  of  the  international  union  and  conforms  to 
the  decision  oi  the  A.  F.  of  L.  in  this  case. 

Resolution  No.  110.~In  conformity  with  the  action 
of  the  B.  C.  at  our  last  meeting  I  wrote  to  a  number  of 
representatives  of  trade  unions  located  In  the  Panama 
Canal  Zone  and  requested  reports  ftoiu  them  as  to  con- 
ditions prevailing  there.  Comprehensive  statemenU 
have  been  received  from  the  iron  molders,  machinists, 
and  longshoremen.  These  communications  are  too  long 
to  be  embodied  as  part  of  this  report,  but  the  members 
of  the  B.  C.  will  be  given  the  opportunity  of  reading 
them. 

Compilation  of  Data  or  Results  or  Last  Cam- 
paign.—The  Minneapolis  convention  recommended  and 
the  B.  C  approved  that  the  results  of  the  last  campaign 
Aroni  the  labor  st  mdpolnt  be  tabulated  and  such  tabula- 
tion published.  This  tabulation  has  been  made  by  the 
last  legislative  committee  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  and  submltp 
ted  to  me,  but  I  have  not  yet  had  the  opportunity  of  go- 
ing over  it  so  that  it  might  be  placed  In  tne  hands  of  the 
printer.  I  hope  to  be  able  to  take  this  opportunity  at  an 
early  date. 

CONrBBBNCB  REPRESENT  ATI  VB8  RAILROAD  BROTH- 

XRHOODS.— As  reported  to  you  by  document  No.  62,  on 
June  2l8t.  the  conference  with  the  representatives  of  the 
railroad  brotherhoods,  as  approved  at  the  March  meetr 
Ing  of  E.  C,  and  the  former  conference  between  the  rep- 
resentatives of  the  two  bodies,  was  held  at  headquarters 
on  the  morning  of  June  17th,  and  continued  in  session  for 
two  days.  It  is  not  necessary  to  report  to  you  here  the 
details  of  that  conference,  as  the  minutes  were  sub- 
mitted to  you  with  document  No.  02.  I  desire  to  say, 
however,  that  by  vote  of  the  B.  C.  on  the  proposition 
submitted  to  you  later  to  nominate  a  representative  of 
the  A.  F.  of  L.  to  still  further  confer  with  the  Joint  rep- 
resentative elected  by  the  railroad  brotherhoods,  the 
E resident  of  the  A.  F.  of  L  has  been  so  nominated.  We 
ave  not  yet  been  able  to  arrange  for  another  conference, 
but  hope  to  do  so  at  an  early  date,  so  as  to  have  the  op- 
portunity of  ftirther  consideration  of  a  plan  whereby 
the  railroad  brotherhoods  and  the  A.  F.  of  L.  may  unite 


in  action  so  as  to  secure  favorable  legislation  in  the 
interest  of  labor. 

Resolutions  71  and  151.— The  E.  C.  directed  that  I 
should  take  up  with  President  Roosevelt  the  suli^leet- 
matter  of  importation  of  alien  labor  by  the  state  of 
South  Carolina,  the  alleged  violation  of  the  Chinese  Ex- 
clusion Act  as  referred  to  in  resolution  No.  71,  and  the 
importation  of  alien  contract  lat>or  as  referred  to  to 
resolution  No.  161. 

There  was  no  opportunity  of  discussliig  the  matur 
with  the  President  oefore  he  len  for  his  summer  boBse, 
but  upon  his  return  I  shall  endeavor  to  have  an  Inter- 
view with  him,  so  as  to  discuss  the  matter  with  him  la 
ample  time  for  him  to  refer  to  it  In  his  report  to  Congres. 

In  connection  with  the  sulijeot' matter  of  the  AnU- 
Allen  Contract  Labor  Law,  vour  attention  shoald  be 
called  to  a  recent  decision  of  the  Department  of  C6m- 
merce  and  Labor,  based  upon  an  opinion  c Iven  by  the 
Attorney-General.  Substantially,  the  opinloa  and  de- 
cision are  that  when  workmen  in  the  United  States  nuiy 
be  engaged  In  a  dispute  with  their  employei»-tliat  Is, 
that  they  are  either  on  strike  or  looked  out— Ukat  tbeo 
employers  may  contract  with  workmen  In  tordgn 
countries  to  bring  them  to  this  country,  beoaase^as  the 
Attorney-General  puts  It,  there  are  not  In  the  united 
States  to  be  had  **  workmen  of  like  kind." 

I  Intended  calling  upon  the  Secretary  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Commerce  and  Labor  with  a  view  of  bringing  to 
his  attention  the  untenableness  of  this  opinion  of  lbs 
Attorney-General  and  the  action  of  the  Department  of 
Commerce  and  Labor  upon  that  subject,  but  the  secre- 
tary had  already  departed  for  the  Padflc  Coast  to  make 
an  investigation  of  immigration  of  aliens,  Ineludlog 
Japanese,  (jhinese,  and  Koreans,  at  the  Pacific  Ooasi 
stations. 

Having  had  occasion  to  call  upon  the  Secretary  of  War 
upon  other  matters  In  oonnection  with  our  movement, 
I  referred  to  the  opinion  and  decision  of  the  Attorney- 
General  as  above  indicated,  and  at  his  suggestion  I  wrote 
him  a  comprehensive  letter  upon  the  subject.  That 
letter  Is  herewith  appended  and  was  published  on  pages 
660-665  of  the  August  issue  of  the  Axs&ioan  Fedxra- 

TIONIST. 

I  am  Informed  that  in  the  case  in  point  the  strike  is 
at  an  end,  and  at  the  present  moment  there  are  100  work- 
men who  can  not  find  employment,  notwithstanding 
they  have  ofllBred  their  services,  thus  both  in  the  con- 
crete as  well  as  In  the  abstract,  snowing  the  gross  error 
committed  In  the  opinion  of  the  Attorney-Genera  >.nd 
the  decision  of  the  Departmentof  Commerce  and  l^bor 
based  thereon.  The  verv  purpose  of  the  provision  In  the 
law  providing  against  the  importation  of  alien  workmen 
under  contract  to  be  employed  in  this  country  would  be 
vitiated  if  the  opinion  and  decision  were  adhered  to. 

The  matter  should  k>e  further  contested  In  order  tliat 
the  true  Intention  and  purpose  of  the  law  may  be  Illus- 
trated.   Your  advice  upon  this  matter  Is  necessary. 

Ambrioan  Fbderation  of  Labob  Exhibit  at 
Jamxstown.— The  exhibit  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  at  the 
Jamestown    Exposition    was    completed   some    time 

So  and  makes  a  most  creditable  and  excellent 
owing.  Our  representative  there  reports  an  In- 
creasingly large  number  of  vltiitors  each  day.  and 
that   the   exhibit    is  attracting  the  most    lkvon4»tie 


comment  ftom  all  visitors.  I  have  had  photogrnphs 
taken  giving  dlffierent  views  of  the  exhibit,  aiid 
these  wQl  be  reproduced  in  the  September  Issue  of  the 


Ambbican  FEDERATIONIST.  In  the  August  Issue  of 
the  magaslhe  was  published  a  descriptive  article  of  the 
exhibit,  and  another  article  will  be  published  in  the 
September  Issue.  I  am  now  getting  out  an  official  cata- 
logue, and  an  explanatory  pamphlet  of  the  exhibit  wilt 
shortly  be  completed  and  ready  for  distribution  st 
Jamestown.  The  issuance  of  this  pamphlet  has  been 
delayed  owing  to  the  time  Involved  In  entirely  com- 
pleting the  exhibit,  by  reason  of  some  union  label 
manuncturers  failing  to  send  in  earlier  all  of  their 
various  articles  of  exhibit.  The  matter  is  now  entirely 
completes.  Our  display  alone  is  worthy  a  visit  to  tbe 
Jamestown  Exposition,  our  catalogue  and  booklet  will 
prove  an  additional  attraction  to  students  and  observers. 

Advertising  Union  Label  Products.— Resolution 
No.  6  of  the  Minneapolis  convention  Instructing 
the  E.  (u  **to  arrange  a  systematic  campaign  of  ad- 
vertising among  its  affiliated  organisations,  sug- 
gestions that  wlilteud  to  indirectly  encourage  the  de- 
mand for  the  union  label  products  that  are  not  directly 
used  or  consumed  by  members  of  organised  labor  '*  has 
engaged  our  most  careful  thought  and  attention. 

The  scope  involved  In  these  instructions  Is  extremely 
broad,  and  really  embraces  two  separate  and  dlsilnct 
propositions.  The  flrst  directs  tbe>JL^^'|lAArrange  a 
igi  ize     y  g 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONISr 


809 


systematic  campaign  of  advertising,  etc./*  without  tpe- 
clllcally  aatborizing  it  to  incur  tbe  necessary  expense, 
or  making  suitable  provision  for  the  use  of  fUnds  to 
enable  us  to  intelligently  fl nance  such  an  expense  that 
a  ommpaign  of  that  character  would  require.  There- 
fbre,  we  have  not  taken  any  definite  steps  lo  incur  addi- 
tional expense  in  this  direction,  but  we  have  urged  our 
general  and  local  organizers  to  greater  endeavors  in 
stimulating  patronage  of  all  union  label  products. 

The  second  part  of  the  resolution  calls  for  *«sugges- 
tlons  that  will  tend  to  indirectly  encourage  the  demand 
for  union  label  products  that  are  not  directly  used  or 
consumed  by  members  of  organized  labor/' 

In  line  with  iliat  thought  we  have  been  governed  by 
tkiree  important  prlncipleii.  viz:  Efficiency,  economy, 
and  tbe  application  of  more  thorough  and  up-to-date 
methods  among  those  members  of  organized  labor  who 
are  active  in  tbe  field  as  salaried  organizers,  and  those 
who  are  responsible  in  local  aflairs  as  volunteer  local 
organizers,  secretaries,  and  business  agents  of  city  cen- 
trai  bodies,  coupled  with  a  due  measure  of  adequate 
compensation  for  the  services  of  the  latter  while  engaged 
in  duties  of  the  character  required. 

In  order  to  properly  understand  the  magnitude  of  this 
proposition  It  is  essential  t*)  first  remember  that  ''adver- 
tising dimpaigns"  cost  money  and  a  great  deal  of  it: 
boainesson  alarsescale  becomes  successAilly  established 
only  when  it  is  liberally  advertised.  Second,  successful 
advertising  is  an  art  which  requires  study,  and  adver- 
tising solicitors,  capable  of  netting  satis&ctory  returns 
command  high  salaries.  Third,  in  order  to  ootaln  the 
best  results,  advertising  must  be  persistently  main- 
tained, and  the  field  of  operations  constantly  extended 
until  the  thing  or  even  an  idea  advertised  becomes  a 
fismtiiar  household  topic,  and  even  then  it  still  requires 
regular  public  notice,  and  personal  urging,  to  increase 
or  retain  the  volume  of  its  patronage. 

These  observations  are  made  not  to  create  doubt  or 
flear  as  to  the  feasibility  of  the  practical  value  of  the 
resolotion,  but  for  the  purposeof  stimulating  the  talents 
and  acumen  of  tbe  rank  and  file  in  our  movement. 

I  therefore  oflbr  a  series  of  suggestions,  which,  after 
deliberate  consideration,  appear  to  me  as  tbe  most  prac- 
tical with  which  to  commence  operations. 

In  order  **to  arrange  a  systematic  campaign  of  adver- 
tising,*' more  concentration  of  energy  and  a  greater  de- 
votion to  purpose  is  necessary  on  the  part  of  tbe  organ- 
izations owning  union  labels,  and  each  organization  so 
interested  should  adopt  ways  and  means  to  provide  a 
special  Uaion  Label  Advertising  Fund  ample  to  meet  all 
contingencies.  This  they  can  do  either  by  a  system  of 
regular  label  assessments  or  by  methodically  setting 
aside  a  stipulated  percentage  of  the  payments  by  the 
locals  to  the  national  or  international  oflfce. 

In  some  occupations  where  it  could  be  satisfactorily 
and  prudently  arranged  without  Inviting  the  possi- 
bility of  preMumed  discrimination  In  favor  of  one  em- 
ployer as  agAlnst  another,  the  employers  might  co- 
operate In  tbe  maintenance  of  such  special  Union  Label 
AdvertiMing  FuodB. 

The  national  or  international  officers  should  establish 
a  rigid  and  methodical  system  of  bookkeeping  for  this 
special  fund,  so  as  to  oe  able  at  any  time  to  accurately 
account  for  tbe  income  and  expense.  In  addition  to  this 
they  should  maintain  a  detailed  record  that  will  enable 
them  to  ascertain  what  intrinsic  benpflts  are  being  ob- 
tained as  it  relates  to  the  growth  and  stability  of  the 
organization.  They  should  be  especially  watchful  of  the 
markets  and  note  with  precision  tbe  number  of  labels 
issued,  so  tbev  could  furnish  reliable  statistical  data, 
and  prove  to  their  own  satisfaction  and  the  general  en- 
lightenment of  the  organized  labor  movement  whether 
the  money  so  expended  was  a  profitable  Investment. 

The  funds  for  tnls  work  on  the  plan  outlined  to  com- 
mence with,  would  be  naturally  limited,  as  it  is  antici- 
pated some  organizations  might  not  agree  wlih  the 
1>ropositlons,  and  others  would  bo  handicapped  in  var- 
ous  ways  and  unable  to  make  the  necessary  floanclal 
arrangements;  but  as  time  and  experience  proved  the 
valoe  of  the  efforts  tbe  funds  among  each  would  lacrease 
from  the  natural  force  of  circumstances  and  examples 
of  success,  gained  by  other  organizations. 

As  to  the  methods  of  using  these  funds  to  the  best  ad- 
vantage, the  most  successful  and  bu.Hlnesslilce  would  be 
to  engage  an  expert  advertising  manager,  furnish  him 
with  technical  Information  so  that  he  could  become 
fiimiliar  with  the  details  of  the  merits  of  tbe  articles 
manuf^tured  under  union  conditions;  and  thus  enable 
him  to  prepare  his  adverilsements  In  tbe  most  artistic 
and  scientific  manner  possible. 

Bach  of  the  general  and  volunteer  local  organizers 
oonld  be  directed  to  report  to  hlra  on  all  label  matters 
and  carry  out  his  Instructions.  He  could  be  privileged 
to  arrange  such  salaries  or  commissions  with  the  local 
organizers  as  he  and  they  would  agree  upon,  subject,  of 


course,  to  approval  of  the  E.  C.  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  The 
general  organizers  drawing  a  salary  from  tbe  A.  F.  of 
L«.  or  their  respective  organizations  would  be  no  addi- 
tional expense  at  first,  but  in  proportion  as  their  serv- 
ices became  more  valuable  their  compensation  could 
be  adjusted  bv  the  organizations  employing  them. 

To  obtain  the  services  of  such  an  expert  It  would  be 
necessary  to  pay  him  well,  but  tbe  Instruction  he  would 
impart  and  the  discipline  he  would  establlsb  among  the 
general  and  local  organizers  might  be  the  most  profit* 
able  investment  in  theend,  because  theorganizers  would 
become  more  expert  and  mote  enthusiastic  as  they  met 
with  success,  and  the  system  would  become  general, 
more  readily  adaptable,  and  finally  self-sustaining. 

In  tbe  event  that  this  proposition  is  not  acceptable, 
then  another  plan  is  submitted.  Let  groups  of  label  oc- 
cupations that  are  the  most  nearly  related  Industrially 
merge  their  special  fhnds  for  tbe  mcieas^d  sale  of  their 
labelproducts.andiet  them  select  a  label  agent  ftom 
their  own  ranks  or  from  the  commercial  world,  and  con- 
duct the  work  in  the  most  p tactical  way  suitable  to  their 
means  and  inclinations.  This  group  method  would  be 
productive  of  a  variety  of  plans,  specialized  according 
to  economic  needs,  and  the  beet  results  could  be  com- 
municated to  the  other  groups  so  that  a  rivalry  would 
be  possible  aud  constant  improvement  and  advance- 
ment would  result.  This  plan  would  be  expensive, 
slow,  and  tedious,  but  It  would  generate,  ingenuity  rt^- 
sourcefulness,  self-reliance,  and  business  capacity  among 
trade  unionists  that  would  eventually  be  oi  tremendoua 
and  significant  value  to  organized  lak>or. 

There  Is  still  one  other  method  open,  practically  a  re- 
sort to  first  principles,  the  first  of  which  cost  would  be 
smaller  and  in  due  course  of  time  if  persisted  in  would 
finally  develop  intoa  valuable  system.  It  would  be  slow, 
much  slower  than  either  of  the  other  plans  previously 
submitted.  I,  therefore,  submit  as  a  primary  endeavor, 
if  neither  of  the  other  plans  is  acceptable,  that  tbe  presi- 
dent and  E.  C.  be  directed  to  select  a  union  label  agent, 
to  be  located  at  the  A.  h*.  of  L.  headquarters  to  conduct 
the  business  as  it  develops,  and  the  union  label  organi- 
zations to  furnish  all  the  necessary  expense,  literature, 
and  instructions  to  the  men  in  the  field  and  bear  the 
expense  of  adequate  compensation  for  results  obtained 
by  the  field  workers.  In  the  last  analysis  tbe  general 
organizers  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.,  the  volunteer  local  organi- 
sers, the  secretaries,  the  business  agents,  and  the  organi- 
zation committees  of  the  Central  Labor  unions  must  be 
the  men  depended  upon  to  carry  on  the  work  and 
maintain  tbe  enthusiasm.  Under  this  system  the  na- 
tional officers  and  the  special  organizers  of  each  label 
organization  would  t>e  expected  to  be  chiefly  responsi- 
ble for  the  wisest  direction  of  their  own  trade  interests. 

There  is  no  quesUon  but  that  If  the  active  workers  in 
each  locality  were  intelligently  trained  and  prompted, 
furnished  with  suitable  and  sufficient  literature,  urged 
from  a  central  point  at  regular  intervals,  and  financially 
encouraged  for  actual  results  by  the  label  trades  bene- 
fited, that  the  situation  would  improve  and  i  he  returns 
f»rove  encouraging.  Merchants  who  now  are  totally 
gnorant  of  the  trade  union  movement  wouia  become 
enlightened,  and  be  persuaded  to  carry  stocks  of  union 
label  products,  when  properlv  directed  where  and  how 
to  obtain  them  by  the  local  label  agents  making  regular 
calls,  discussing  the  subject,  leaving  names  of  manu- 
facturers, soliciting  orders,  demanding  products,  post- 
ing display  notices  where  the  public  could  see  them, 
holding  special  union  label  meetings  and  exerting  them- 
selves In  every  honorable  business  way  to  bring  the 
notice  of  tbe  general  public  to  the  great  fact  that  a 
wholesome  patronage  of  union  label  products  means 
proficiency  and  protection  to  all  American  homes. 

Label  Laws.— There  will  be  submitted  to  you  during 
this  session  a  letter  from  President  Perkins,  of  tbe  Cigar- 
makers'  International  Union,  making  a  suggestion  that 
the  international  unions  issuing  union  labels  avail 
tbemfielvesof  tbe  vast  amount  of  information  and  ex- 
perience obtained  by  an  attorney  who  has  given  tbe 
subject  of  tbe  union  label  laws  and  tbe  decislous  of  the 
courts  thereon  a  study  and  practice  of  more  tban  20 
years,  the  Idea  t>eing  that  the  union  label  laws  of  tbe 
states  and  federal  government  be  collated  and  a  digest 
made  of  tliem  f«>r  tbe  purpose  of  the  better  protection 
and  defense  of  the  organizations*  rights  in  tbe  union 
label.  The  lack  of  uniform  information  upon  this  t»uk>- 
lect  has  resulted  In  some  adverse  and  In/urious  decis- 
ions  having  been  rendered  by  tbe  courts.    It  was  a 


matter  of  lack  of  information.  I  commend  this  to  your 
favorable  consideration. 

Farmers*  Organizations.— As  directed  by  the  E.  C. 
I  have  endeavored  to  carry  out  tbe  spirit  of  the  action 
of  the  Minneapolis  convention  relative  to  better  co-opera- 
tion between  the  Ceutral  Labor  Unions  and  tbe  farmers* 


810 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


organizations.  I  corresponded  with  affiliated  centra) 
bodies  upon  this  subject  and  appointed  a  special  repre- 
sentative of  the  A.  F.  ofL.,  C.  w.  woodman,io attend  the 
annual  convention  of  the  ^krmers*  organisation,  which 
was  held  in  Texas,  August  5tb. 

In  his  report  of  this  convention  organizer  Woodman 
reports  that  the  following  preambles  and  resolutions 
were  unanimously  adopted  by  the  convention: 

"Whereas,  The  experience  tbe  members  of  tbe  Farm- 
ers' Educational  and  Co-operative  Union  of  Texas  have 
had  in  the  use  of  a  union  label  to  designate  the  product 
of  the  members  of  this  organization  have  proved  beyond 
all  doubt  tbe  inestimable  value  of  having  some  design 
which  will  designate  the  difference  between  the  product 
of  union  and  non-union  fiarmers,  and 

Whekbas,  We  know  there  should  be  a  design  of  some 
kind  in  geueral  use  in  order  tbat  our  brothers  of  the 
trade  unions  of  the  cities  maybe  able  at  all  times  to 
discriminate  in  our  fietvor,  as  our  experience  has  proven 
they  will  do,  be  it 

Resolved,  By  tbe  Fifth  Annual  (invention  of  the 
union  farmers  of  Texas,! n  Fort  Worth  assembled  that 
our  delegates  to  the  national  convention  be  instructed 
to  work  to  the  end  that  a  label  be  adopted;  that  same 
shall  be  protected  by  copyright  and  registered  in  each 
state  in  the  union  so  that  there  may  be  no  counterfeit- 
ing or  use  without  permission,  and  be  it  further 

Resolved,  Tbat  since  such  a  design  must  be  frequently 
used  in  printed  form,  said  printed  design  must  always 
be  accompanied  by  either  tbe  typographical  union  or 
allied  label  of  the  printing  fraternity,  for  otherwise  it 
might  be  interpreted  to  represent  the  products  of  print- 
ers and  in  this  way  ita  use  abused  In  the  injury  of  the 
union  printers  and  allied  trades, and  be  it  further 

Reaotved,  That  out  of  appreciation  for  the  friendship 
expressed  and  many  acts  showing  the  friendship  of 
organized  labor  is  genuine,  we,  the  members  of  the 
Texas  Farmers*  Unions,  delegates  to  this  the  fifth  annual 
convention  of  the  Texai  Btate  Union,  pledge  our  hearty 
support  and  patronage  of  all  union  labels  used  by  our 
city  brothers. 

WHBBKAs.  The  union  label  being  the  basis  of  oon- 
tracU  between  the  worken  and  the  farmers  and  the 
emblem  of  honest  work  and  fair  reward,  therefore, 
belt 

Resolved,  That  all  goods  handled  by  the  business  de- 
partments of  the  farmers'  union.  Including  machinery, 
must  bear  the  imprint  of  our  brother  workers,  and 
that  all  *  unfair*  manufacturers  be  respectfully  notified 
to  use  the  label  of  the  workers  if  they  expect  the 
farmers'  trade." 

Organizer  Woodman  earnestly  requestn  tbat  the 
officers  of  the  various  national  organizations  whose 
trades  have  union  labels  wbicb  are  recognized,  should 
take  immediate  advantage  of  tbe  opportunity  that  is 
afforded  to  still  further  increase  the  demand  for  the  use 
of  their  respective  labels. 

•  Organizer  Woodman  also  requests  that  an  A.  F.  of  L. 
representative  should  be  appointed  to  attend  the  na- 
tional convention,  which  meets  In  Little  Rock,  Ark., 
the  5th  of  September.  I  commend  this  matter  to  your 
favorable  consideration. 

Kansas  State  Branch.— The  E.  C.  directed  that  a 
state  federation  should  be  formed  In  Kansas,  to  be  affili- 
ated with  the  A.  F.  of  L.  Organizer  Henry  M.  Walker 
has  had  this  work  in  charge,  and  for  the  past  month  has 
been  assisted  by  two  additional  organizers.  Ue  has  had 
many  difficulties  to  overcome  In  order  to  accomplish 
the  formation  of  a  bona  fide  state  federation  of  labor  for 
Kansas,  but  in  bis  report,  received  a  few  days  ago. 
Organizer  Walker  advises  me  that  the  state  federation 
has  been  formed  and  tbat  the  prospect  for  Its  perma- 
nency and  success  are  bright. 


Telegraphers'  Strike.— The  strike  of  the  com- 
nierclal  telegraphers  of  the  United  States  was  quite 
general.  Fur  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century  the 
telegraphers  employed  by  the  Western  Union  Tele- 
graph Company  were  denied  the  right  of  organiza- 
tion, and  anyone  who  either  undertook  to  form  a 
union  or  loin  one,  or  Indicated  in  any  wav  his  desire 
for  united  action,  was  discriminated  against  or  dis- 
charged. This  became  so  geueral  that  the  A.  F.  of  L.  ap- 
proved tbeaction  of  the  Commercial  Telegraphers'  Union 
of  America  in  placing  the  Western  Union  Telegraph 
Company  on  the  •*  We  don't  patronize  "  list. 

For  a  time  the  Postal  Telegraph  Company  was  more 
favorably  disposed  toward  the  organization  of  the  tele- 
graphers. Last  year  a  revival  of  tbe  spirit  for  organlza^ 
lion  of  the  telegraphers  occurred.  They  had  received  no 
Increase  in  wages  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century. 
They  presented  a  demand  for  an  increase  of  10  per  cent, 
which  was  partially  granted.    Other  difficulties  arose 


and  a  strike  was  threatened  unless  tbe  telegrmpbcn' 
grievances  were  righted.  A  strike  in  San  Frandaeo  was 
threatened,  and  all  influences  were  brooght  to  besr  to 
avert  it.  President  Clowry  of  the  Western  Union  Tele- 
graph Company  wrote  a  letter  to  Commissioner  NeUl  oT 
the  Federal  Bureau  of  Labor,  in  which  promlMa  of 
many  reforms  were  made.  This,  however,  did  not  pr»> 
vent  a  strike  in  San  Francisco,  wtdch  was  adjostod 
later. 

An  Incident  arose  in  Los  Angeles  and  its  telenmphSc 
connection  with  San  Francisco.  Some  men  in  tfae 
former  city  were  discharged  and  the  men  struck  work. 
Those  who  were  employed  to  take  the  strikers'  plaoea 
undertook  to  operate  with  union  telegraphers  of  Clucac«»» 
the  men  in  the  latter  city  refusing  to  accept  teleffrmma 
from  or  forward  telegrams  to  Los  Angeles  strikcTBreak- 
ers.  The  pent'Up  feeling  and  indignation  caused  by  tlie 
25  years  of  tyranny  and  injustice  on  tbe  part  of  tbe  wcat- 
ern  Union  Telegraph  Cempany.  broke  forth  and  tl»e 
telegraphers  in  various  parts  of  the  country  stmek  In 
unison,  the  demands  being  formulated  for  presentaUoo 
to  both  companies. 

Some  weeks  ago  I  made  arrangement  with  a  namber 
of  representative  labor  men  to  hold  a  conference  In  Chi- 
cago on  August  12th.  It  was  my  intention  to  hmre  dis- 
cussed the  situation  of  the  local  labor  movement  of  thax 
dtv.  A  few  days  t>efore  my  arrival,  tbe  telegraphers* 
strike  in  many  piu>to  of  the  country  was  in  full  awinc. 
It  Was  therefore  necessary  to  give  the  larger  part  of  cor 
consideration  at  the  conference  to  the  question  of  tbe 
situation  of  the  telegraphers*  strike  and  how  beat  ve 
could  serve  the  purpose  of  bringing  about  an  honormhle 
adjustment  with  tbe  resumption  of  work. 

On  my  arrival  in  Chicago  I  learned  of  the  preaenoa  of 
Vice-Presidents  Mitchell  and  Keefe  In  that  city,  and  r«^ 
ceived  their  co-operation  at  the  conference.  We  con- 
suited  with  tbe  officers  of  the  organization  In  intereai 
and  tendered,  on  behalf  of  tbe  A.  F.  of  L..  our  good 
offices  to  help  bring  about  an  honorable  adjustment. 
This  was  accepted  and  effbrts  have  already  been 
made  in  that  direction,  but  we  believe  the  Ume  la  not 
yet  opportune,  tbe  feeling  on  both  sides  mnnlns  too 
nigh,  to  take  any  definite  action  now.  If  you  oonaent, 
we  shHll  continue  to  exercise  our  best  Judgment  ana 
effbrts  to  accomplish  the  desired  end.  we  have  tbe  an- 
thorlty  of  the  Oommerclal  Telegraphers*  International 
Union  to  proceed  in  the  premises. 

Organization  in  the  West.— From  reports  made 
to  the  federation  office  from  Tonopah  and  Gold- 
field,  Nev.,  as  to  the  work  of  the  so-called  *Mndastrial 
workers,"  it  became  necessary  to  place  one  of  tbe  spe- 
cial organizers  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  at  work  In  that  locality. 
The  object  of  the  would-be  trade  union  wreckers  was  to 
force  the  local  unions  affiliated  with  the  international 
organizations  into  the  former's  ranks.  Organizer  Orant 
Hamilton  remained  in  that  field  for  a  nnmt>erof  weeks, 
and  finally  succeeded  in  establishing  the  right  of  oar 
local  unions  to  a  national  trade  union  existence. 

In  passing  it  may  not  be  amiss  to  call  attention  to  tbe 
fact  that  a  few  men  viciously  inclined  and  hostile  to 
the  true  labor  movement  may  be  enabled  to  do  a  great 
deal  of  ixOnry  and  tear  down  what  it  has  cost  years  of 
study  and  hard  lat>or  to  construct  It  is  quite  evident 
that  it  is  not  ignorance  which  prompts  the  so-called 
^'Industrial  workers"  to  antagonize  and  undertake  to 
destroy  the  trade  union  movement,  but  that  it  is  In  league 
with  the  worst  elements  of  capitalistic  antagonists  to 
frustrate  the  beneficent  work  of  the  trade  unfon  move- 
ment to  protect  and  advance  the  Interests  of  the  work- 
ing people  of  our  country.  Knowing  the  tactics  of  these 
people  as  well  as  we  do.  every  effi>rt  will  be  put  forth  to 
expose  their  hypocritical  pretensions,  and  to  tbwart 
their  designs  to  injure  the  cause  of  the  working  people. 

Mbmorials-George  E.  McNeill  and  P.  J.  Mc^ 
GuiRB.— At  the  March  meeting  I  presented  to  the  K.  C. 
the  resolutions  suitably  engrossed  and  framed,  which 
were  adopted  by  tbe  Minneapolis  convention  In  memorv 
of  George  E.  McNeil  and  P.  J.  McQulre.  These  were 
shipped  to  the  tamilles  of  'deceased  brothers.  In  addi- 
tion I  deAire  to  report  tbat  I  attended  the  ceremonies  in 
connection  with  the  unveiling  of  tbe  McNeill  monument 
In  Boston  on  Decoration  Day  and  msde  an  address.  As 
reported  to  you  by  letter,  I  also  directed  that  suitable 
floral  pieces  should  be  placed  upon  the  graves  ofonr 
two  brothers  on  tbat  day. 

The  work  during  this  entire  year  bas  been  very  exact- 
ing. It  has  been  necessary  for  me  to  make  a  number 
of  trips  to  distant  parts  of  the  country,  where  I  have 
held  meetings,  delivered  addresses  and  taken  pari  In 
numerotis  conferences,  both  between  representatlve«  of 
contending  organizations  and  also  representatives  of 
organizations  and  r^pi^^%^ivprwr^04@>mpani«. 


AMERICAN  FEDERA2I0NIST 


811 


with  which  their  members  were  inyolved  in  trade  con- 
troversies. I  have  endeavored  to  give  the  very  best 
service  of  which  I  was  capable.  I  have  hesitated  to 
call  more  freqaently  for  assistance  upon  the  members 
of  the  E.  C.  for  I  realize  how  exceedingly  busy  you  are 
with  the  affairs  of  your  own  particular  organization. 
as  well  as  in  the  other  affairs  connected  with  the  general 
labor  movement. 

Fraternally  yours,  Samuel  Gom psbs, 

Preaidentt  American  FederAtloD  of  Labor. 

Secretary  Morrison  presented  his  reiK>rt»  of  which  the 
fallowing  is  a  summary. 

Receipts  and  expenses  for  the  10  months  ending  July 
31, 1907: 

BECBIPT8. 

Balance  on  hand  October  1, 1906 1118,540  00 

Per  capita  tax 189,868  78 

Supplies 9,682  04 

A.M.  FED 18.671  67 

I.  T.  U.  assess 2,887  45 

TextUe  assess 838  34 

t>efensefund 14.188  90 

Premiums 910  80 

186,942  88 

Total 1249.482  98 

EXPENSES. 

Oeneral ^ -« 1101,687  96 

AM.  Fed 19.464  88 

I.  T.  U.  assess 2,832  79 

I>efen8efund 9,697  78 

Premiums 619  76 

xremiu™  1188,758  14 

Balance  on  hand  August  1,  1907 115.729  79 

In  general  fund $14,409  65 

In  defense  fund 101,820  14 

Total ^ 1115.729  79 

DEFENSE  FUND. 

The  following  is  an  Itemized  statement  of  amounts 
paid  out  of  the  Defense  Fund  during  the  ten  ( 10)  months 
ending  July  81, 1907: 
•Federal   Labor  Union   11958,   Laredo.  Texas, 

6  weeks $4,862  00 

J.   A  8.  Casemakers'    10448.  New  York,  N.  Y., 

8  weeks 2,566  00 

Cigar  Factory  Tobacco  Strippers'  8156,  Boston, 

Mass..  1  week 1,216  00 

Bnspendermakers'    9560,  New  York.  N.  Y..  4 

w^ks 444  00 

Steel  Casemakers'  11842,   Defiance,  Ohio.  1  5-6 

weeks 192  78 

Appro.  Natl.  Fed.  of  P.  O.  Clerks 160  00 

Appro.  Intl.  Asso.  of  Lobster  Fishermen 100  00 

Federal  Labor  Union  7087,  Belleville,  Ohio,  1 

week 80  00 

Federal  Labor  Union  11879,  Wilmington,  Cal..  6 

weeks   72  00 

Pastemakers'  10567,  Ban  Francisco.  Cal.,  1  week  82  00 
Refund  of  P.  C.  tax.  Hard  Lime  Bridge  and 

Curbstone  Cutters  and  Setters'  12267,  Louis- 
ville. Ky 300 

Total $9,697  78 

*Of  this  amount  $101  was  returned  and  receipted  for. 
Balance  on  hand  In  Defense  Fund 

Oct.  1,  1906 $96,829  02 

Received  in  Defense  Fund 14,188  90 

$111,017  92 

Paid  out  of  Defense  Fund $9,697  78 

Balance  in  Defense  Fund  Aug.  1. 1907 $101,320  14 

APPBOPBIATIONS. 

Trades  Labor  Congress  of  Canada $500  00 

National  Federation  of  Post  Office  Clerks 150  00 

Intl.  Prot.  Asso.  of  Lobster  Fisbermen 100  00 

George  £.  McNeill  Monument  Fund 100  00 

Coal  Sorters'  and  Graders'  9026.  P.  C.  tax. 12  50 

Bootblacks'  Prot.  10176,  P.  C.  tax 8  60 

Total .'. $866  10 

Headquarters. 
The  following  statement  shows  tbat  during  the  10 
months  ending  July  81, 1907,  there  has  been  issued  from 


headquarters  an  average  of  831  letters,  circular  letters 

and  packages  per  day,  as  follows: 

Packages  of  supplies  forwarded  by  express  and 

post 8,824 

Packages  of  literature  and  miscellaneous  sup- 

Slies  for  organizers  and  others 81,086 
Loial  and  circular  letters  in  two-cent  envelopes    60.878 
Circular  letters  in  one-cent  envelopes 107,708 

211,986 

1%  was  moved  and  adopted  that  sessions  of  the  £.  C.  be 
held  ftom  9  a.  m.  to  12  m.,  2 to5  p.  m.,  and  8  to  10 p.  m. 

Upon  the  application  of  the  Brotherhood  of  Railway 
Clerks,  for  a  charter.  President  Bragglns  of  that  or«in- 
izatlon  appeared  in  support  of  the  appi  icatlon.  Mr.  P.  J. 
Flannery,  President  of  the  Interior  Freight  Handlers' 
and  Warehousemen's  International  Union,  appeared 
and  protested  against  the  issuance  of  the  charter,  and 
spoke  in  favor  or  the  application  of  the  Interior  Freight 
Handlers'  and  Warehousemen's  International  Union  for 
change  of  name  to  read  **  Interior  Freight  Handlers*  and 
Railway  Clerks'  International  Union.'' 

Mr.  Frey,  representing  the  Iron  Molders'  International 
Union,  appeared  and  made  a  statement  relative  to  the 
issuance  of  injunctions,  and  urged  the  advisability  of 
the  A.  F.  of  L.  bearing  all  or  part  of  the  expenses  of  an 
appeal  to  be  taken  by  the  Iron  Molders'  International 
union  against  the  decision  rendered  at  Milwaukee, 
Wis. 

Mr.  Pierce,  representing  the  Lincoln  Farm  project,  ap- 
peared for  the  purpose  of  securing  an  endorsement  of 
the  project  by  the  A.  F.  of  L.  It  was  moved  and  adopted 
that  President  Gompers  be  authorized  to  write  a  letter 
commendatory  of  the  project. 

On  the  application  of  the  Journeymen  Stonecutters  of 
America  for  a  charter,  it  was  moved  and  adopted  that 
charter  be  issued. 

Representatives  of  the  Upholsterers'  International 
Union  of  North  America  and  the  Carriage  and  Wagon 
Workers'  International  appeared  requesting  the  £.  C.'s 
assistance  to  decide  who  bad  J  urisdlction  over  upholster- 
ing of  vehicles.  On  motion  it  was  decided  that  represent- 
atives  of  both  organizations  with  Secretary  Morrison 
hold  a  conference  Tor  the  purpose  of  reaching  an  under- 
standing in  regard  to  Jurisdiction. 

The  following  representatives  of  the  International 
Alliance  of  Theatrical  Stage  Employes  appeared  to  pro- 
test against  the  Brotherhood  of  Klecticai  Workersorgan- 
Izing  moving  picture  machine  operators:  Lee  M.  Hart, 
John  J.  Barry,  and  William  D.  Lang. 

President  Carey,  of  the  Papermakers'  International 
Union,  appeared  In  support  of  their  request  for  the  ap- 
pointment of  two  organizers  for  a  period  of  six  months 
to  assist  in  thoroughly  organizing  the  workers  of  their 
craft  and  calling,  and  ai«o  requested  that  the  central 
bodies  be  Instructed  to  refuse  to  seat  delegates  from 
local  unions  of  the  seceding  organization  of  pulp  and 
sulphite  workers.  On  motion  the  whole  matter  was  re- 
ferred to  President  Gompers,  with  favorable  recom- 
mendation, to  take  such  action  as  he  deemed  advisable. 

The  following  representatives  of  the  Central  Federated 
Union  of  New  York  City  appeared  protesting  against 
the  Consolidated  Board  of  Business  Agents  of  New 
York  admitting  dual  unions  into  their  bodies:  B.  Bohm, 
William  Keating,  William  Turbet.  M.  J.  Romey,  B.  C. 
McEnerny,  A.  Coahley,  and  A<  B.  MacStay. 

William  A.  Coakley,  president  of  the  International 
Protective  Association  of  Lithographic  Apprentices  and 
Press  Feeders,  appeared,  urging  the  granting  of  a 
charter  to  this  body.  On  motion.  It  was  decided  to  defer 
consideration  until  the  matter  could  be  more  fully  con- 
sidered. 

C.  A.  Berberloh,  a  representative  of  the  Jewelry  and 
Silverware  Casemakers'  Union  No.  10418.  New  York  City, 
appeared,  requesting  a  continuation  of  strike  benefits 
to  the  members  of  this  organization.  It  was  moved  and 
adopted  that  tbe  president  and  secretary  of  the  A.  F.  of 
L.  be  authorized  to  continue  benefits  at  their  discretion, 
not  to  exceed  four  (4)  weeks. 

Mr.  Timothy  Healy,  representing  the  Firemen's  Inter- 
national Union,  appeared,  and  requested  tbe  E.  C.  to 
notify  the  central  and  state  branches  that  the  brewery 
workers' charter  had  been  revoked  and  Instruct  them 


812 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


to  enforce  the  A.  F.  or  L.  oontUtutlon,  and  anseat  dele- 
gates of  all  unions  of  brewery  workers. 

Each  member  of  the  E.  C.  was  serred  with  notice  and 
summons  in  a  suit  and  injunction  proceedings  by  the 
Buck's  tStove  and  Ranse  Ck>mpany  of  St.  Louis  (Mr. 
Van  Cleave,  president).  The  case  is  brought  In  the  8u- 

BremeiX>nrt  of  the  District  of  Columbia.  Thisinjunc- 
on  case  and  the  general  abuse  of  the  Injunction  process 
was  discussed  in  all  their  phases.  It  was  then 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  deolbion  of  the  E.  C.  that  we 
recommend  to  the  afDliated  unions  that  they  contest  in- 

i unctions,  and  it  was  fbrther  decided  that  the  A.  F.  of 
s.  will  carry  the  injunction  case  of  the  Buck's  Stove  and 
Range  Company  against  the  officers  and  members  of 
the  A.  F.  of  L.  to  the  United  States  Supreme  Court,  if 
necessary. 

It  was  decided  that  an  appeal  be  made  to  the  officers 
of  the  international  unions  for  financial  co-operation  in 
the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Ix^  unction  case. 

Vice-President  Valentine  submitted  an  oral  report 
upon  the  Steamfltters'  controversy  in  San  Francisco, 
in  compliance  with  the  action  of  the  last  meeting, 
which  referred  the  maUer  to  him.  He  recommended 
that  action  upon  this  controversy  be  held  in  abeyance. 

The  application  of  the  International  Photo  Engravers' 
Union  ror  extension  of  Jurisdiction,  was  referred  to  the 
next  meeting  of  the  E.  0. 

On  theappeal  of  the  Executive  Board  of  the  Cincinnati. 
O.,  Central  Labor  Council,  President  Gompers  reported 
that  the  matter  had  been  amicably  adjusted. 

On  the  resolutions  adopted  by  the  BuffkUo,  N.  Y., 
Allied  Printing  Trades  Council,  condemning  agreements 
which  prevent  unions  ftrom  engaging  in  sympathetic 
strikes,  it  was  moved  and  adopted  that  the  resolutions 
be  filed.  

The  following  telegram  was  received: 

"Atlamtio  City,  N.  J.,  Aug.  20,  ^07, 
Fbank  Morrison, 

Secretary,  American  Federation  of  Labor, 
Washington,  D.  C. 
Photo  engravers'  Jurisdiction  matter  settled  by  both 
unions;  will  write  you  particulars  later. 

J  AMES  J.  Frrsl." 

On  the  controversy  between  the  United  Brotherhood 
of  Carpenters  and  Joiners,  and  the  Amalgamated  Wood 
Workers,  President  D.  D.  Mulcaby  and  Richard 
Braunschweig  appeared  in  support  of  their  demand, 
that  the  UnitediBrotherhoodof  Carpenters  be  instructed 
to  abide  by  the  Downey  decision.  It  was  moved  and 
adopted  that  action  upon  this  case  be  deferred. 

President  Gompers  was  directed  to  call  the  attention 
of  the  officers  of  the  Building  Trades'  International 
Union  the  foct  that  they  should  not  permit  their  local 
unions  to  recognize  independent  or  dual  unions  in 
Building  Trades  Councils  that  had  been  suspended  from 
central  bodies,  particularly  when  such  unions  had  been 
suspended  by  order  of  the  A.  F.  of  L. 

Mr.  Love,  representing  the  United  Association  of 
Plumbers,  Gasfitters  and  Steamfitteiv, appeared,  in  sup- 
port of  the  protest  against  the  seating  or  dual  unions  of 
steamfitters  in  the  central  bodies  of  Seattle,  Wash.; 
Rockford  and  South  Chicago,  111.,  and  Hammond,  Ind. 

On  the  communication  received  by  President  Gom- 
pers fix)m  the  president  of  Street  and  Electric  Railway 
Employes'  Local  89.  of  New  Castle,  Penn.,  urging  the 
organisation  of  the  street  and  electric  car  barn  men,  It 
was  moved  and  adopted  that  application  for  charter  be 
denied,  and  that  the  matter  be  referred  to  Secretary 
Morrison  to  arrange  to  organize  the  street  and  electric 
car  bam  men  in  their  respective  international  unions, 
and  if  there  are  any  of  these  workers  that  have  not  in- 
temational  organizations  from  which  to  receive  a 
charter,  that  they  be  organized  and  chartered  by  the 
A.  F.ofL.  

President  D,  A.  Hayes,  of  the  Glass  Bottle  Blowers' 
Association,  gave  a  resume  of  the  decisioo  of  the  E.  C. 
in  regard  to  the  application  of  the  American  Flint  Glass 
Workers  for  charter.  Be  stated  that  the  American  Flint 
-  Glass  Workers  refused  to  abide  by  the  agreement  en- 
tered into  at  the  Minneapolis  convention,  by  representar 
tlves  of  their  organization.  ^    .^     .  ^ 

It  was  moved  and  adopted  that  President  Gompers 
again  officially  Inform  the  American  Flint  Glass  Work- 


ers through  President  T.  W.  Rowe,  that  as  a  ^ ,  _ 

site  of  a  charter  being  issued  by  the  A  F.  of  L.  to  the 
American  Flint  Glass  Workers'  Union,  the  latter  shaU 
comply  with  the  decision  arrived  at  in  the  Mlnnefipolis 
convention,  last  November,  and  which  carries  with  it 
that  the  American  Flint  Glass  Workers'  Union  shall 
turn  over  the  press  bottle  and  Jar  factories  now  ander 
the  control  of  that  union  to  the  Glass  Bottle  Blowers' 
Association.  The  following  is  thedeclslonr 

**Upon  the  application  of  the  American  Flint  Glass 
Workers  for  a  charter,  it  was  decided  that  charter  be 
issued  upon  the  condition  that  they  refrain  from  mak- 
ing bottles  and  fruit  Jars,  which  constitute  the  class  of 
work  performed  by  the  Glass  Bottle  Blowers'  Associa- 
tion of  the  United  States  and  Canada,  now  affiliated 
with  the  A.  F.  of  L." 

A  communication  was  read  from  Secretary-Treasurer 
Russell,  of  the  Commercial  Telegraphers'  Union,  calliog 
upon  the  A.  F.  of  L.  to  ftumlsh  such  moral  and  flnandsi 
assistance  as  was  in  the  power  of  the  Federation  to  give. 

It  was  brought  to  the  attention  of  the  E.  C.  that  the 


Congress  Cigar  Company,  of  Chicago,  is  using  the  name 
of  the  **American  Federation"  and  **GomperB"  upon 
their  brand  of  cigars.  It  was  moved  and  adopted  that 


President  Gompers  be  authorized  to  notify  the  Congress 
Cigar  Company  to  discontinue  using  the  name  of  the 
Federation  of  Labor  and  Gompers,  and  if  they  refhse  to 
comply  with  his  request,  that  ne  publish  the  fhot  In  the 

Am KRICAU  FXDERATIONIST. 

The  hearing  of  the  protest  of  the  plumbers  against 
the  seating  of  dual  organizations  of  steamfitters  was 
resumed.  Mr.  Love  restated  their  protest,  and  M  r.  Cos^ 
tello,  of  the  steamfitters,  stated  that  a  charier  had  not 
been  issued  to  the  steamfitters  at  Seattle,  but  tliat  ap- 

Rlication  had  been  made  and  is  now  pendinac  He 
irther  stated  that  Rockford,  IlL,  charter  had  been 
Issued.  He  said  the  members  of  the  Soath  Chicago 
local  received  the  same  wages  as  those  of  the  Chicago 
local.  It  was  agreed  between  the  representatives  of  the 
plumbers  and  steamfitters  that  the  matter  of  issuing  a 
charter  to  the  steamfitters  In  Seattle  should  be  held  in 
abeyance  until  President  Gtompers  bad  secured  fkiriher 
information  from  the  Central  Labor  Union  6f  Seattle. 

The  E.  C.  adjourned  at  4.80  p.  m.  on  Aug.  21  at  Wstb- 
ington,  and  proceeded  to  Norfolk,  Va^where  they  met 
at  the  Fairfax  Hotel  at  .10  a.  m.,  Aug.  22.  The  meioberi 
then  proceeded  to  inspect  the  various  h&lls  for  the  pm^ 
pose  of  selecting  the  jplace  of  meeting  for  the  next  A.  F. 
of  L.  convention,  after  which  they  visited  the  A.  F. 
of  L.  exhibit  at  the  Jamestown  Exposition. 

Mr.  Kirby,  representing  the  National  Stmctural  Alli- 
ance, said  that  be  was  instructed  to  attend  the  meeting 
of  the  E.  C.  on  account  of  the  attitude  of  some  of  the 
organizers  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  to  the  Building  StructorsI 
AUiance.  He  said  that  if  the  Building  Structural  Alli- 
ance is  detrimental  in  any  way  to  the  A.  F.  of  L.  they 
would  like  their  attention  called  to  it,  so  that  they 
could  rectify  it.  He  said  that  he  was  personally  favorable 
to  the  A.  F.  of  L.  issuing  a  charter  to  the  Nations! 
Structural  Alliance.  It  was  moved  and  adopted  that 
President  Gompers,  Vice-Presidents  Duncan  and  Hober 
be  a  committee  to  meet  with  a  like  committee  from  tbe 
National  Structural  Alliance,  for  the  purpose  of  devlsiog 
ways  and  means  to  strengtben  the  central  bodies  and 
nrevent  friction  between  the  central  bodies  and  the 
structural  Building  Alliances. 

On  the  application  of  the  stoglemakers  for  charter,  it 
was  moved  and  adopted  that  charter  be  denied  fbr  rea- 
sons set  forth  in  the  decision  of  the  Pittsburg  conven- 
tion, and  application  referred  to  the CIgarmakers' Inter- 
national Union. 

On  the  application  of  the  Piano  and  Organ  Workers 
for  change  of  name  to  read  **Plano,  Organ  and  Musical 


Instrument  Workers."  it  was  decided  that  as  protest  has 
been  entered  by  the  Amalgamated  Wood  Workers,  that 
a  conference  be  held  between  the  representatives  of  the 
two  organizations,  for  tbe  purpose  of  reaching  an  un- 
derstanding that  would  be  agreeable  to  both  organiza- 
tions. 

On  the  application  of  the  lithographic  apprentices  and 
press  feeders,  for  charter,  it  was  decided  Qiat  action  on 
application  be  deferred,  and  a  conference  be  held  be- 
tween representatives  of  the  two  organizations  in  inter- 
est with  a  view  to  reaching  an  understanding  regarding 
Jurisdiction,  and  if  such  understanding  is  reached,  sc> 
tion  be  taken  in  accordance  therewith. 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


813 


1 1  was  moved  and  adopted  that  the  Armory  Hall  at  Nor> 
folk,  Va.,  be  designated  as  the  hall  in  which  the 
A.  F.  of  L.  will  hold  the  next  con ventloD. 

It  was  decided  that  the  first  day's  session  of  the  con- 
vention  be  held  in  the  audilorinm  of  the  Jamestown 
Exposition. 

It  was  moved  and  adopted  that  President  Gompers,  at 
tbe  proper  time,  write  a  letter  of  appreciation  to  the 
flmiss  having  exhibits  at  the  Jamestown  Exposition, 
under  tbe  Jurisdiction  of  the  A.  F.  of  L. 

President  Qompers  reported  a  conference  he  had  with 
Secretary -Treasurer  Haywood,  in  which  he  (Mr.  Gom- 
pers) recited  the  efforts  that  had  been  put  forth  by  the 
A.  F.  of  Li.  to  bring  about  harmony  between  the  Western 
Federation  of  Miners  and  the  A.  F.  of  L.  organizations. 

It  was  moved  and  adopted  that  President  Gompers 
write  a  communication  to  the  officers  of  the  Western 
Federation  of  Miners  at  the  opportune  time,  requesting 
them  to  affiliate  with  the  A.  F.  of  L.:  and  it  was  further 
decided  that  he  should  Insert  in  the  letter  the  autonomy 
decision  rendered  at  the  Scranton  convention;  also, 
that  a  clear  definition  of  what  is  meant  by  autonomy, 
aa  anderstood  by  the  A.  F.  of  !•.,  be  incorporated  in  the 
communication. 

The  Japanese  question  was  taken  up.  President  Gom- 
pers reviewed  the  efforts  made  by  the  officers  of  the  Fed- 
eration for  Japanese  exclusion  and  called  particular 
attention  to  the  visit  made  by  himself  and  Vice-Presi- 
dent Duncan  to  President  Roosevelt  at  Oyster  Bay  two 
esars  ago  relative  to  securing  the  exclusion  from  the 
nited  Htates  of  Japanese  laborers. 

It  was  moved  and  adopted  that  a  committee  of  the 
E.  C.  call  upon  President  Roosevelt,  upon  his  return  to 
Washington,  and  submit  matters  relative  to  the  Federa- 
tion's position  on  labor  propositions  for  the  purpose  of 
having  the  President  Insert  them  in  his  message  to  the 
next  Congress  of  the  United  Btates;  and  it  was  further 
agreed  upon  that  a  particular  effort  be  made  to  have  the 
edacatlonal  test  incorporated  in  the  immigration  bill. 

On  the  application  of  the  commercial  telegraphers  for 
assistance,  it  was  decided  thatPresident  Gompersshoald 
communicate  with  the  officers  of  that  organization,  and 
If  it  developed  that  financial  assistance  was  necessary, 
that  President  Gompers  be  authorized  to  notify  the 
officers  of  the  commercial  telegraphers  that  the  E.  C. 
woald  endorse  an  appeal  to  affiliated  unions  for  appro- 
priation for  their  assistance. 

It  was  further  decided  that  the  subject-matter  be  re- 
ferred to  a  committee  consisting  of  President  Gompers, 
Vice-Presidents  Mitchell  and  Keefe.  for  action,  after 
President  Gompers  had  received  reply  to  the  communi- 
cation he  was  instructed  to  write  to  the  officers  of  the 
commercial  telegraphers. 

Upon  the  application  of  the  Washington,  D.  C,  Central 
LAbor  Union  (or  loan  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  Jamestown  Ex- 
poeiUpn  exhibit,  it  was  moved  and  adopted  tbat  appli- 
cation be  granted,  providing  ^he  Central  Labor  Union 
bears  all  expenses  Incurred  in  transferring  Exhibit  from 
Norfolk  to  Washington. 

It  was  moved  and  adopted  that  that  part  of  President 
Gompers'  report  consisting  of  recommendations  regard- 
ing the  advertising  of  union  labels,  be  made  part  of  the 
R  C.*s  report  to  the  Norfolk  convention. 

In  regard  to  a  digest  of  label  laws,  it  was  decided  that 
President  Gompers  should  correspond  with  the  interna- 
tional officers  having  labels,  for  the  purpose  of  finding 
out  if  they  would  be  willing  to  co-operate  in  getting  up  a 
Union  Liabel  Law  Digest,  containing  a  copy  of  every  label 
law  in  the  various  States,  and  a  brief  outline  of  the 
proper  mode  of  procedure  in  instituting  cases  of  prose- 
cution for  counterfeltine  of  labels,  use  of  imitationH,  etc., 
and  a  digest  showing  where  all  favorable  decisions  can 
be  found. 

It  was  decided  that  the  subject-matter  regarding  the 
establishing  of  Labor's  Memorial  Day  be  referred  to 
President  Gompers,  with  instructions  tocorrespond  with 
the  officers  of  tne  organizations  having  such  a  day,  and 
that  it  be  made  part  of  the  E.  C.  report  to  the  Norfolk 
convention. 

On  tbe  protest  of  the  electrical  workers  against  the 
Central  Labor  Union,  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  for  refusal  to 
seat  delegates  from  Local  No.  546  of  the  Brotherhood  of 
Electrical  Workers,  it  was  moved  and  adopted  that  the 


matter  be  referred  to  President  Gompers  for  the  purpose 
of  bringing  about  a  conference  between  the  two  organiza- 
tions for  the  purpose  of  reaching  an  agreement  and  ar- 
range for  the  seating  of  the  Local  No.  546,  in  accordance 
with  the  constitution  of  the  A.  F.  of  L. 

On  the  communication  of  the  United  Engineers* 
Union  No.  1,  of  New  York,  asking  for  the  good  offices 
of  the  officers  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  to  secure  favorable  ac- 
tion by  tbe  International  Union  of  Bteam  Ensineers 
whereby  a  charter  will  be  issued  by  that  organization 
to  the  United  Engineers'  Union  No.  1,  of  New  York,  it 
was  moved  and  adopted  that  President  Gompers  corre- 
spond with  the  officers  of  the  International  8team  En- 
gineers and  suggest  the  advisability  of  their  interna- 
tional issuing  a  charter  to  the  United  Engineers'  Local 
No.  1. 

*  On  the  recommendations  of  the  Minneapolis  conven- 
tion, relative  to  the  violation  of  laws  for  the  protection 
of  human  life,  it  was  moved  and  adopted  that  further 
investigation  be  made. 

The  proposition  of  erecting  a  building  for  headquar- 
ters for  the  A.  F.  of  L.  was  discussed,  and  it  was  decided 
that  ^he  president  and  secretary  take  such  steps  as  may 
be  necessary  to  secure  proper  office  accommodations  for 
the  A.  F.  of  L.  headquarters. 

On  the  communication  received  from  the  Women's 
Trade  Union  League,  enclosing  copy  of  preamble,  and 
the  resolutions  adopted  by  that  league  at  its  convention, 
July  14th,  protesting  against  the  decision  rendered  by  the 
Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor,  in  regard  to  the 
Alien  Contract  Labor  Law,  it  was  moved  and  adopted 
that  President  Gompers  notify  the  Women's  Trade 
Union  Licague  that  the  E.  C.  had  appointed  a  committee 
to  call  upon  the  President  in  regard  to  this  matter. 

On  the  communication  received  ttom.  Jesse  Taylor* 
legislative  representative  of  the  Home  Protective  League* 
Jamestown,  Ohio,  asking  for  the  co-operation  of  the  A. 
F.  of  L.,  it  was  moved  and  adopted  that  the  E.  C.  Invite 
the  co-operation  of  all  organizations  that  favor  the  policy 
of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  on  immigration  legislation. 

On  the  application  of  the  Rock  men  and  Excavators' 
Union  of  New  York,  for  a  national  charter,  it  was  moved 
and  adopted  that  application  be  denied,  and  the  officers 
of  these  unions  be  advised  to  build  up  their  organiza- 
tion until  such  time  as  there  was  a  sufficient  number  of 
unions  and  members  to  Justify  the  issuance  of  an  inter- 
national charter. 

On  the  application  of  the  Transvaal  Miners'  Associa- 
tion for  financial  assistance,  it  was  moved  and  adopted 
that  further  correspondence  be  had  on  the  subject. 

On  the  controversy  between  the  Uodcarriers'  and 
Building  Laborers'  International  Union  and  the 
American  Brotherhood  of  Cement  Workers,  it  was 
moved  and  adopted  that  efforts  be  continued  to  secure 
a  conference  of  the  representativesoftK>th  organisations 
for  the  purpose  of  reaching  an  agreement. 

On  the  complaint  of  the  steam  engineers  against  Pile 
Drivers*  Local  No.  9901,  of  New  Orleans,  retaining  in 
their  organization  members  that  President  Gompers 
had  notified  should  be  turned  over  to  Engineers*  Local 
No.  226,  it  was  moved  and  adopted  that  Pile  Drivers* 
Union  No.  9601  be  notified  that  if  thev  failed  to  comply 
with  instructions,  their  charter  would  be  revoked. 

On  the  application  of  the  Interior  Freight  Handlers* 
and  Warehousemen's  International  Union  for  change  of 
name,  it  was  moved  and  adopted  that  application  be  de- 
ferred and  a  conference  be  arranged  between  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  Interior  Freight  Handlers'  and  Ware- 
housemen's International  Union  and  the  Brotherhood 
of  Railway  Clerks,  for  the  purpose  of  bringing  about  an 
agreement  between  the  organizations. 

On  the  application  of  the  Brotherhood  of  Railway 
Clerks  for  a  charter,  it  was  moved  and  adopted  that  ac- 
tion thereon  be  deferred  and  a  conference  be  arranged 
between  the  representatives  of  tbe  Interior  Freight 
Handlers'  and  warehousemen's  International  Union 
and  the  Brotherhood  of  Railway  Clerks,  for  the  purpose 
of  bringing  about  an  agreement  between  the  organiza- 
tions. 

On  the  communication  of  the  Cincinnati  Central  La- 
bor Council,  containing  copy  of  resolutions  to  the 
President  of  the  United  Btates,  urging  the  immediate 
investigation  of  the  telegraph  monopoly,  and  for  f|^ 


814 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Federal  government  to  declare  Itself  in  fttvor  of  adding 
the  telegraph  to  the  Department  of  Postal  Service  of  the 
United  8tates;  it  was  moved  and  adopted  that  In  ac- 
cordance with  the  fixed  policy  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  in  re- 
gard to  government  ownership  of  the  telegraph,  it  was 
decided  to  petition  the  President  and  Congress  for  the 
purpose  of  having  the  govemmeni  take  over  the  tele- 
graph lines.  

It  was  decided  that  an  organiser  be  placed  at  Reading 
and  York,  Pa.,  shortly  after  Labor  Day,  for  the  purpose 
of  building  up  the  organisations  in  those  cities. 

It  was  moved  and  adopted  that  arrangements  should 
be  made  to  have  Organiser  Flett  visit  Btanstead. 
Quebec,  for  the  purpose  of  organising  the  Holders  and 
Granite  Cutters,  and  he  be  requested  to  write  President 
Valentine  of  the  Iron  Holders  and  correspond  with 
Secretary-Treasurer  Duncan,  of  the  International  Gran- 
ite Cutters'  Union  in  regard  to  the  work  that  could  bd 
performed  in  that  ctty. 

It  was  moved  and  adopted  that  the  E.  C.  meet  at 
Washington,  on  November  9th,  for  the  purpose  of  acting 
on  their  report  to  the  Norfolk  convention,  and  such 
other  matters  as  might  be  brought  to  their  attention. 

A  number  of  organisations  having  grievances  against 
firms  which  have  been  declared  unfair  made  applica- 
tion to  the  E.  C.  for  endorsement  of  their  action.  The 
following  is  a  list  of  the  organisations  and  firms  with 
the  action  taken: 

Amalgamated  Heat  Cutters*  and  Butcher  Workmen 
vs.  Jones  Lamb  Company  of  Baltimore.    Approved. 

Rubber  Workers*  Local  Union  No.  13,490,  of  Lambertr 
ville,  N.  J.,  vs.  LambertviUe  Rubber  Company,  of  Lam- 
bertville,  N.  J.    Approved. 

International  Association  of  Retail  Clerks,  vs.  Saks 
&  Company,  who  have  stores  in  Washington,  D.  C,  New 
York  City,  and  Indianapolis.    Approved. 

Cigarmakers*  International  Union  vs.  Rosenthals 
Company,  manuflEusturers  of  the  following  brands  of 
cigars:  Bill  Dugan,Joe  Waloott,  El  Tiladdo,  Club  House, 
King  Alf^  Big  Bear,  Jack  Dare,  Our  Bob,  Peiper 
Heidseick,  Diamond  D,  LitUe  Alf^red,  1106  Royal  Arca- 
num. Approved. 

Carriage  and  Wagon  Workers  vs.  The  Hickman  Ebert 
Company;  Owensboro  Waj|on  Company;  F.  A.  Ames 
Company,  of  Owensboro,  Ky.    Approved. 

The  E.  C.  adjourned  Saturday.  August  24th,  at  8  p.  m.. 
to  meet  at  Washington,  November  Vth,  at  9  a.  m. 


Special  Notice. 

WASBtifOTON,  D.  C,  September  25, 1907, 
To  An  AmUmted  UdIods: 

A  satisfactory  settlement  of  the  diflterenoes  existing 
between  the  organisations  at  Interest  and  the 

PoTTBB  Wai*l  Paper  Company,  Hobok^n,  N.  J., 
having  been  reached,  the  said  firm  now  operating  a 
union  establishment,  the  same  Is  removed  fh>m  our 
**We  Don't  Patronise"  list  and  placed  on  our  FAIR 
LIST. 

Secretaries  are  requested  to  read  this  notice  at  union 
meetings,  and  labor  and  reform  press  please  copy. 
Fraternally  yours, 

SAMUBI.  GOMPBB8, 

Preeldent,  AmerloaD  Federation  ot  Labor, 


Notice. 


Washington,  D.  C.,aeptember25^  1907, 
To  AnAtBllated  Umiona: 

At  the  request  of  the  unions  interested,  and  after  due 
InveHtlgation  and  attempt  at  settlement,  the  following 
concerns  have  been  declared  UNFAIR: 
Thb  Hickman-Ebbebt  Company,  Owensboro,  Ky. 
Owensboro  Wagon  Company,  Owensboro,  Ky. 
F.  A.  Ames  Company,  Owensboro,  Ky. 
Saks  A,  Company,  Washington,  D.C.,  New  York  City 

and  Indlanapolifi,  Ind. 
Lambbrtville  Rubber  Co..  LambertviUe,  N.  J. 
Jones  Lamb  Company,  Baltimore,  Md.- 
Rosenthal  Company,   New    York   City,  manufac- 
turers  of  the   Bill   Pagan.    King   Alfred,    Peiper 
Heidseick,  Joe  Walcott,  Big  Bear.  Diamond  D,  El 
Tiladdo.  Jack  Dare,  Little  Alfred,  Club  House,  Our 
Bob,  1105  Royal  Arcanum  cigars. 
Secretaries  are  requested  to  read  this  notice  at  union 
meetings,  and  labor  and  reform  press  please  copy. 
Fraternally  yours, 

Hamuel  Gompers, 
Prteldent^  American  Federation  of  Labor. 


We  Don't  Patronize. 

When  application  is  made  by  an  international  un^-n 
to  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  to  place  asy  bQ»i< 
ness  firm  upon  the  *'We  Don't  Patronise'*  list  the  Inter- 
national is  required  to  make  a  fkill  statement  of  Its 
Erievance  against  such  company,  and  also  what  efTorts 
nave  been  made  to  adjust  the  same. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  either  tb  rough 
correspondence  or  by  duly  authorUed  representaitve* 
seeks  an  interview  with  such  firm  fbr  the  purpose  of 
ascertaining  the  company's  version  of  the  msktter  In 
controversy. 

After  having  exhausted  in  this  way  every  efTort  to 
amicably  adjust  the  matter,  the  appdcation,  toce^her 
with  a  ftill  history  of  the  entire  matter.  Is  sabmltied  to 
the  Executive  Council  of  the  American  Feder&Uon  of 
Labor  for  such  action  as  it  may  deem  advisable.  If 
approved,  the  flrni's  name  appears  on  the  **We  I>o&*t 
Patronise"  list  in  the  following  issue  of  the  Am kkican 

FEDERATIONIST. 

An  international  union  is  not  allowed  to  have  pub- 
lished the  names  of  more  than  three  Arms  at  any  one 
time. 

Similar  course  is  followed  when  application  is  made 
by  a  local  union  directly  affiliated  wttb  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor.  Directly  affiliated  lo<aiI  unions 
are  allowed  the  publication  of  but  one  firm  at  one  time. 

Union  worklngmen  and  workingwomen  and  sympa- 
tbicers  with  labor  have  refhsed  to  purchase  articles  pro- 
duced by  the  following  firms— Labor  papers  please  note 
changes  fkt>m  month  to  month  and  copy: 

Food  and  Kindbed  Products. 

Brssd.— McKinney  Bread  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Clgar8.—Ca,rl  Upman,  of  New  York  City;  Kerbs,  Wer- 
.  theim  A  Bohl ffer,  of  New  York  City,  mano faetarer» 
of  the  Henry  George  and  Tom  Moore  Cljrara. 

F7oor.— Washbum-CrosDy  Milling  Co.,  Mlnne*poUs, 
Minn.;  Valley  aty  MiUing  Co.,  Grand  Rapids, 
Mich. 

GroosrJss.— James  Butler,  New  York  City. 

2V>5acoo.— American  and  Continental  Tobacco  Com- 
panies. 

TFblskey.— Finch  Distilling  Company,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

Clothing. 
ClotbiDg.—S,   Snellenberg    A    Co.,   Phlladelphif^    Pa.; 

Clothiers*  Exchange,  Rochester,  N.  Y.:  B.  Kappen- 

heimer  A  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 
Oonets.— Chicago  Corset  Company,  manuliscturers  Kabo 

and  La  Marguerite  cX)rvets.  > 
Olovea.—J,  H.  Cownie  Glove  Co.,  Des  Moines,  Iowa; 

California  Glove  Co ,  Napa,  Cal. 
flats J.  B.  Stetson  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  E.  M. 

Knox  Company,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.;  Henry  H.  Roelof 

A  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Sbirtaand  CoUara.^V nil ed  Shirt  and  Collar  Oompaa/, 

Troy,  N.  Y.;  Van  Zandt,  Jacobs  A  Co..  Troy,  W.  Y  ; 

Cluett,   Peabody  A  Co.,   Troy,   N.  Y.;  James  R. 

Kaiser,  New  York  City. 

Printing  and  Publications. 

Bookbifldsrs.— Boom m  A  Pease  Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Printing. -Hudson,  KImberley  ACo.,  printers,  of  Kansas 
City,  Mo.;  W.  B.  Conkey  A  Co.,  publishers,  Ham- 
mond, Ind.;  TimeBt  Lns  Angeles,  Cal.;  Philadelphia 
Inquirer,  Philadelphia  Builfetio. 

PoTTEBY,  Glass,  Stone,  and  Cement. 

Pottery  and  Brick.— Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co,,  of 
Chicago,  III.;  Comlna,  Brick,  TUe  and  Terra  Cotts 
Coinpany,  Coming,  N.  Y. 

Gsment.— Portland  Peninsular  Cement  Company,  Jack- 
son, Mich.;  Utica  Hydraulic  Cement  and  Utloa 
Cement  Mtg,  Co.,  CJUoa,  111. 

*  Machinery  and  Building. 

Genera/ flardirars— Landers,  Frary  A  Clark,  ^Etna  Com- 
pany, New  Britain,  Conn.;  Brown  A  Sbarpe  Tool 
Company,  Providence,  R.  I.;  John  Russell  Cutlerr 
Company,  Turner's  Falls,  Mass.;  Henry  Dlsston  A 
Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  New  York  Knife  Company, 
Walden,  N.  Y. 

Iron  and  5tee/.— Illinois  Iron  and  Bolt  Company  of  Car- 
nentersville.  111.;  Cmaey  A  Hedges,  Chattanooga, 
Teon.;  Lincoln  Iron  Works  (F.  R.  Patch  Manunc- 
turing  Company).  Rutland.  Vt.;  Brie  City  Iron 
Works,  Erie,  Pa.;  Singer  Sewing  MaohlneCo.,  EUsa- 
beth,  N.  J.;  PitUburg  Expanded  MeUl  Co  ,  PttU- 
burg,  Pa.;  American  Hoist  and  Derrick  Oo,«  tiL 
Paul,  Minn.:  Standard  Sewing  Maotatne  Company, 
Cleveland,  Ohio;  Manitowoc  Dry  Dook  OompMQr, 
Manitowoc.  WiSgi^i.e^  by  i^OOglC 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


815 


.Vtove*.— Wrought  Iron  Range  Co.,  St.  Louln.  Mo.;  United 
States  Heater  Company,  Detroit,  Mich.;  Qarney 
Foundry  Company,  Toronto,  Ont.;  Home  Stove 
Works,  Indianapolis,  Ind.;  Buck  Stove  and  Range 
Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Wood  and  Fubniturb. 

.fiafi.—Qulf  Bag  Company,  New  Orleans,  La.,  branch 
Bemis  Brothers,  Ht.  Louis,  Mo. 

Brooma  And  DuaUn.—TYie  Lee  Broom  and  Duster  Com- 
pany, of  Davenport,  Iowa;  M.  Goeller's  Sons,  Cir- 
cleville,  Ohio;  Merkle-Wiley  Broom  Co.,  Paris,  111. 

J'^ibre  ITare.— Indurated  Fibre  Ware  Company,  Look- 
port,  N.  Y. 

^arDitora.— American  Billiard  Table  Company,  Cincin- 
nati. Ohio;  O.  Wlsner  Piano  Company,  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.;  Krell  Piano  Company,  Clnoinnatl,  Ohio; 
Derby  Desk  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

ffold  aeaterf.— Hastings  and  Cq^  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  J.J. 
Keeley,  New  York  City;  P.  W.  Rauskolb,  Boston, 
Mass. 

£«i2inl>er.~Reinle  Bros.  A  Solomon,  Baltimore,  Md.;  St. 
Paul  and  Tacoma  Lumber  Company,  Tacoma, 
Wash.;  Gray's  Harbor  Commercial  Co.,Co8mopolls, 
Wash. 

X/tfAi^r.— Lerch  Bros.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

WmU  Paptfr.— William  Bailey  A  Sons,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

WBtehea.— Keystone  Watch  Case  Company,  of  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.;  Jos.  Fahy,  Brooklyn  Watch  Case  Com- 
pany, Sag  Harbor;  T.  Zurbrugg  Watch  Case 
Company,  Riverside, N.J. 

Win  GfoeA.— Thos.  E.  Oleeson,  East  Newark,  N.  J.;  Lind- 
say Wire  Weaving  Co.,  CoUingwood,  Ohio. 

MlSCKIiLAN  EOUS. 

ail7  Posters.— Bryan  A  Co.,  Cleveland.  Ohio;   A.    Van 

Bnren  Co.  and  New  York  Bill  Posting  Co.,  New 

York  City, 
fib  tels.— Redding  ton  Hotel,  Wilkesbarre,  Pa. 
Aaihravsl— Atchison,  Topeka,  and  Santa  Fe  Railroad; 

Missouri,  Kansas  and  Texas  Railway  Company. 
Tehgrapbv.—'W eeVern.  Union  Telegraph  Company  and 

its  Messenger  Service. 
D.  M.  Parry,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Thomas  Taylor  A  Son,  Hudson,  Mass. 
C.  W.  Post.  Manuflftcturer  of  Grape  Nuts  and  Poetum 

Cereal,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 


STATE  OF  EMPLOYMENT,  AUGUST.  1907. 
Compiled  by  the  Editor  of  the  American  Pederationist. 

Of  the  1,805  unions  making  returns  for  August,  1907. 
with  an  aggregate  membership  of  181,060,  there  were  5.d 
per  cent  without  employment.  In  the  preceding  month 
1,504  unions,  with  a  membership  of  107,000,  reported  1.7 
per  cent  unemployed. 


'^Mtfehfbr^fiyJ„>lf^AufSef,a://^l)ec 

9                    ... 

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4  \       i      ^ 

3       -^t                     t^^      t 

z^^\^^      tTsL   t 

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Chart  showing  the  reported  percentage  of  nnem- 
ployed  members  of  trade  anions  at  the  close  of  eaoh 
monih,  eommenolDg  January,  1906. 

The  heavy  lln«  Indloates  the  per  cent  for  1907;  the 
ll^t  Une  fur  1906. 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT. 
Following  is  a  statement  of  the  receipts  and  expenses 
for  the  month  of  August,  ItH.7.    (The  months  are  abbre- 
viated thus:  J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  etc.) 

1.  Balance  on  hand  August  1, 1907 » 9115,729  79 

Central  labor  union,  Ticonderoga,  N  Y,  tax, 

a,  m,  J %......« 2  50 

Central  labor  council,  Belilngham,  Wash, 

tax,  m,  a,  m 2  50 

Central  labor  union,  Conneaut,  Ohio,  tax, 

a,  m.  J 2  50 

United  powder  and  high  explosive  workers, 

of  A,  tax,  m,  J 4  60 

Central  labor  union,  Berlin,  N  H,  tax,  m, 

a.  m 2  50 

Federal  labor  11469,  tax,  July.  S1.80:  d  f.  91.80  2  60 
Federal  labor  11519,  tax,  ],  J,  13.40;  d  f,  98.40...  6  80 

Federal  labor  9435,  tox.  aug,  81.15;  d  f,  91.15...  ^  80 

Horse-nail  makers  1(W58,  tax,  July,  93;  d  f, 

98 6  00 

Vwt  wheel  molders  and  helpers  7229,  tax,  J. 

a,  s,  96;  d  f,  96...., 12  00 

Emmett  asso  of    rook  drillers    and   tool 

sharpeners   11808,   tax,  June,  921.60;  d   f, 

niM^. 48  00 

Stenographers,   typewriters,    bookkeepers 

and  assistants  12455,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  91.80;  d  f, 

91.80 ........:.... 2  60 

Baseball  makers  10929,  Ux,  July,  65o;  d  f,  56c  1  10 

Railroad   transfer  messengers  and  clerks 

11689.  tax,  ].  a,  92.40;  d  f,  91.40 4  80 

Granite  pniishers,  qnarrymen,  and  lak>orers 

1U8U6,  tax.  July,  91.85;  d  f,  91.85 8  70 

Interlocking  switch  and  signalmen   11867, 

tax,  July,  94.65;  d  f,  94.65 9  80 

Bottle  CAP,  cork  and  stopper  workers  10875, 

tax,  July.  910:  d  f,  910;  sup,  92 22  00 

Riggers  prot  12549,  sup I  50 

Suspender  workers  1W94,  sup 16  00 

Assortem  and  packers  8316,  sup 5  00 

Steel  case  makers  11842,  tax,  J,  J,  910.10;  d  f, 

910.10;  sup, 91.....« 21  20 

Machinisu  helpers  9718,  tax,  J,  a,  910;  d  f , 

910;  sup,  50c «>  50 

Intl  broof  papermakers,  sup 6  00 

Federal  labor  lffl25,  sup 1  CO 

Flat  Janitors  12512.  sup 50 

loemens  prot  1246a,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  98;  d  f,  98; 

sup,  91 7  00 

Rubber  workers  12480,  tax,  July,  55c;  d  f,  56c; 

sup.  60c : 1  60 

2.  Jefferson    co    trades   and    labor     assem, 

Steubenville  and  vicinity,  Ohio,  tax,  apr, 

acct  may 160 

Central    trades  council.  Ban   Bernardino, 

Cal,  tax.  a,  m.  J 2  60 

Stenographen,   typewriters,    bookkeepers 

and  assistants  11597,  tax,  July,  91.50;  d  f .     '        _ 

91.50 8  00 

Federal  labor  10818,  tax.  J.  a,  91.25;  d  f,  91.25..  2  60 

Cloth  and  stock  workers  10184,  tax,  June, 

92.40;  d  f.  9i.40 4  80 

Laborers  prot  9523,  tax.  75c;  d  f,  75c;  sup.  91 .50  8  00 

Local  44,  intl  asso  of  bridge  and  structural 

iron  workers,  sup 60 

Sewer  cleaners  and  repairers  10886,  tax,  July, 

95;d  f,9>;sup,91 !.....:..         U  00 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Eant  Palestine, 

Ohio,  tax,  a,  m.  J 2  50 

Central  labor  union,  alliance,  Ohio,  tax,  a, 

m,J 2  50 

Central  labor  union.  Parsons,  Kans,  tax,  a. 

m.J 2  50 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Galesburg,  111,  tax, 

a.  m,  J 2  50 

Assorters  and  packers  8816.  sup 8  25 

Federal  labor  11796.  sup 6  00 

Mineral  water  bottlers  11817.  sup 16  00 

8.  Central  labor  union,  Norwich,  conn,  tax,  a, 

ro,  J,J,a.  s 5  00 

Central  latK>r  council.  Grand  Rapids,  Mich, 

tax.  a,  m.J 2  50 

Trades  council,  Selma.  Ala,  sup 5  00 

Machinists  helpers  12470,  tax,  July,  90c;  d  f, 

90c rr. !  1  80 

Machinists  helpers  and  laborers  12SC6,  tax, 

lune,  98.25;  d  f;  93.25 6  50 

wood,  wire,  and  metal  lathers  intl,  tax,  aug        20  00 

Intl  bro  of  papermakers,  tax.  m,  J,  J 45  00 

Newsboys  prot  12384.  tax.  June 1  88 

Park  employes  prot  11820,  tax,  June,  91.45; 

d  f,  91.4S 2  90 

Federal  labor  8203,  tax,  June.  98;  d  f,  93 6,00 

Federal  labor9636,  tax,  in.[^j^ptlt^  ^  f,91.50  QQlfC 


816 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


THE  OLD  REUABLE 


^m«^ 


AbsoliitelyPure 
IMS  HO  SUBSmUTE 


8.  Federal  labor  13483.  tax.  J  une,  90o;  d  f.  90c $1  80 

LiOcal7»qaanyworkeraiotlunlonorN  A,8up  3  00 

Trades  and  labor  ooanoU,  Mankato,  Minn, 

sup 2  00 

Chair  plaiters  prot  12542,  sup 2  00 

6.  Central  labor  union,  Mlddletown,  N  Y,  tax, 

m.  JJ 2  50 

Trades  and  labor  council,  ValleJo,Cal,  tax,  a, 

ni,J _ 2  50 

Federation  of  labor,  Uaglnaw,  Mich,  tax,  m, 

a,  m 2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Watertown,  Wis,  tax, 

m,  J,  J 2  50 

Laborers  prot  12480,  tax,  bal  a,  m,  J,  J,  16.40; 

d  f,  $6.40 12  80 

Machinists  helpers  12568,  sup. 10  00 

Paying  cutters  union  of  US  and  Can,  tax, 

July _...  9  68 

Brusnmakers  Intl  union,  tax.  June 2  36 

Federal  labor  12587,  tax.  aug.  81.60;  d  f,  $1.50..  8  00 

Federal  labor  8088,  tox.  J,  J,  $2.60;  d  f,  $2.50 5  00 

Federal  labor  8060,  tax,  aug,  $8.75;  d  f,  $8.75...  7  50 

Utlca state  hospital  employes  asso  11972,  tax, 

July,  76c;  d  f.  75c 1  50 

Marble,  mosaic,  and  terrazza  workers  10268, 

tax,  J,  a,  r2.50;  d  fJM.60 5  00 

Shlpkeepers  prot  8970,  tax,  J,  J,  a,  $2.83;  d  f, 

$i.85. 5  70 

Hospital  employes  10068,  tax,  June,  75c;  d  f, 

75c 1  60 

Telephone  operators   12409,  tax,  June,  65c; 

d  f,  65c ! !  1  80 

Fur  hat  feeders  and  weighers  12260,  tax,  J  uly, 

$2.60;  d  f.  ri.50;  sup,  t2 7  00 

Chair  plaiters  12542,sup I  60 

United  textile  workers  of  A,  sup 77  60 

Hotel  and  restaurant  employes  lotl  alliance, 

etc,  sup 76  26 

Federal  labor  10060,  sup 1  60 

Federated  trades  council.  Orange,  N  J,  tax, 

a.  m,J .-. 2  60 

6.  Federal  labor  9465,  tax,  July,  $2.20;  d  f,  $2.20..  4  40 

Amal  meat  cutters  and  butcher  workmen 

of  N  A,  tax,  m,  J 66  00 


Machinists  helpers  12854,  tax,  July.  $1.75;  d  f, 

$1.76 — 

United  neckwearmakers  11016,  tax,  m,  J,  f$; 

d  f.$6 

Hospital  employes  aaso  10641,  tax,  J.  J,  $2.60; 

df,$2.50 

Steel  and  copper  plate  cleaners  8810,  tax,  j, 

a,  96c;  d  f,»5c 

Curb  cutters,  setters,  and  sidewalk  layers 

9186,  lax,  m,J,$5;  d  f,$i. ~. 

Pastemakers  1U667,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  a,  $4.80;  d  f, 

$4.80 

Mattress  and  spring  workers  8445,  tax,  J,  a, 

$1.20;  df,$1.20 

Federal  labor  7426,  tax,  J,  a,  $1;  d  f,  $1;  sup, 

60c 

Federation  of  trade  unions,  York,  Fa,  tax, 

a,  m,J 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Aurora,  111,  tax, 

a,m,J,J,a,  s 

Central  labor  uulon,  Salem,  Mass,  tax,  a. 


m,J.. 


Machinists  helpers  12807,  tax,  aug,  $1;  d  f,$l 
Intl  stereotypers  and  electrotypers  nnioo 

of  N  A,  tax,  June 

Federal  labor  8664,  tax,  July,  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.60.. 

Federal  labor  7211,  tax,  aug,  86c;  d  f.  85c 

Federal  labor  11331,  tax,  J.  a,  $4;  d  f,  $4 

Federal  labor  12515.  tax,  July,  $1.65:  d  f,  $1.66 
Federal  labor  9066,  tax,  a,  m, J,  $8.75;  d  f,  $8.75 
Horse  nail  makers  7180.  tax,  aug,  $4;  d  f,  $4... 
Grays  Harbor  pile  drivers  12088,  tax,  J,  J, 

$5.10;  d  f,  $5.10 

Mineral  water  botUers  11829,  tax,  J,  J,  $1.80; 

d  f,$1.80 

Laborers  prot  12224,  tax,J.  J,$L70;  df,$1.70; 

sup,  60c - 

Intl  broof  papermakers.  sup 

Local  91,  quarry  workers  intl  union  of  N  A, 

sup — 

Central  labor  union,  Boonville,  Ind,  sup 

Central    labor   union,  Wllburton.  Ind  T, 

tax,  a,  m,J -^ 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Peekskill,  N  Y, 

tax,  a,  m.J  ...~~ — 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12584,  tax. 

July,$2.50;dfjJ2.60.. 


Federal  labor  1^,  tax,  July,  $1.66;  d  t,  $1.66. 
Federal  labor  8227.  tax,  m.J,  J,  $2.60;  d  f,  $2.« 
Federal  labor  12889,  tax,  July,  $1;  d  f,  $1 


d  f. 


Federal  labor  11958,  tax,  J.une,  $10.75; 

$10.75 - 

Federal  labor  12012,  tax,  July,.$1.26;  d  f.  $1^ 
Federal  labor  12047,  tax,  J.  J,  f  1.20;  d  f,  lljo.. 
Federal  labor  12375.  tax,  July,  $8.60jd  f,  $8.60 
Cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  11988,  tax,  J, 

a,  $8.25;  d  f.  $8.35 '^yi'^ 

Stable  employes  12382,  tax.  July,  60c;  d  f.  60c 

Suspendermakers  9  60.  sup 

Saw  fliers  12519.  tax,  July,  $1.75;  d  f,  $1.75; 

sup,$1.60 — 

Federal  labor  12274.  sup -.- 

Federal  labor  11883,  tax,  J,  J,  $1.10;  d  f,$1.10; 

sup,  $1 

Federal  labor  12417,  sup —. 

Paper  carriers  p  and  b  asso  6783,  tax,  J,  a,  $3; 

df,$8;  sup,  25c — 

Pipe  caulkers  12083.  Ux,  J,  a,  $1.65;  d  f,  $1.66; 

sup,  50c 

Trades  council,  Elgin,  111,  tax.  a.  m.  J^ 

9.  Laborers  prot  8856.  tax.  aug.  75o;  d  f,  7Sc 

MachinisU  helpers  12364,  tax,  July,  $2.50;  d  f. 

r2.50 

Federal  labor  10816,  tax,  June,  $2; d  f.  $2 

Trades  and  labor  council.  Clean,  N  Y.  tax, 

a,  m.  J 

Sewer  diggers  8662.  tax.  July.  $3;  d  f.  $3 

Central  labor  union,  Trenton,  N  J,  tax,  a, 

m,  J 

Machinists  helpers  and  handymen   12492, 

tax,  Jan.  $1.85:  d  f.$l.35 

Federal  labor  12867.  tax,  July.  $1;  d  f.  $1 

Federal  labor  12506.  tax  July,  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.60.. 
.  Suspender  workers  11008,  tax,  J,  J,  a,  $875; 

df.$8.75 

Federal  labor  11790,  tax,  J,  J,  $5.10;  d  f.  $5.10... 
Federal  labor  12885.  tax.  J.  J,  $3.70:  d  f.  $3.7P.... 
Central  labor  union,  Lafayette,  Ind,  tax,  a, 

m,J ; 

Flremens  asso  12270,  taxjuly,  $6;  d  f ,  $5. 

Nail  mill  employers  9987,  tax,  aog,  $1.75; 

d  f,$l.75 -.. 

Federal  labor  12514,  tax,  July,  $1.66;  d  f,  $1.66; 

sup.  $1.26 j ~.. y 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


$l» 

12  00 
56$ 
180 

10  00 

960 

240 

SS$ 

260 

500 

S50 
30$ 

13  02 
860 
1  7$ 
80$ 
880 
750 
800 

10  20 

X6D 

400 
325 

483 

10  00 

350 

250 

600 
880 
600 
300 

2180 
850 
240 
700 

16  50 
1  00 
16  00 

600 
SO 

890 
500 

625 

880 
250 
1  50 

500 
400 

250 
600 

250 

870 

300 

760 
10  90 
740 

280 
10  00 

860 

486 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


817 


SAMUEL  SWAN,  PresL  W.  D.  LENT,  Vice-Prest. 

CHAS.  F.  TOWNER,  Sec'y  and  Treas. 

THE 

David  B»  Crockett  Company 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

riNE  VARNISH  SPECIALTIES 

WEaretheoriFi- 
nal  and  oiuy 
makers  in  theworld 
of  Genuine  Spar 
Composition,  and 
Hos.  1  and  2  Pre- 
serrative.  These 
roods  we  have 
manufactured  al- 
most thirty  years, 
by  a  process  exclu- 

%vw  eiy  our  own,  and  after  a  formula  which  is  an  absolute 
secret  known  only  to  this  company.  As  a  result  we  have  the 
best  materials  ever  used  as  Varnishes.  We  warrant  and  will 
defend  them  against  all  comers. 

OF  LATC  YEARS,  HOWCVCR. 
others  have  taken  advantage  of  the  popularity  of  our  foods 
to  brln;  out  numerous  imitations  which  are  offered  under 
the  same  or  similar  names. 

AwU  mU  8uch  as  they  aft  not  in  th$  B»m$  clnu  with  our  Gen- 
vine  Spar  Composition  and  Nos.  1  and  2  Preservative  in  any 
respect— and  in  all  probability  will  crack,  soften,  discolor, 
stick,  peel,  or  otherwise  ruin  interior  or  exterior  finish. 

Please  send  to  us  f reelv  for  copies  of  our  Architectural 
Hand-Book,  Sample  Boards,  or  samples  of  our  foods. 

If  local  dealers  can  not  supply  you,  send  direct  to— 

THE   DAVID   B.  CROCKETT  COMPANY, 
Brldcoport,  Conn.,  U.  8.  A. 

9.  United  trades  and  labor  oooncil,  Dayton, 

Obio,  tax,  m,  a,  m $2  60 

10.  Swltctamens  union  of  N  A,  tax,  J.  a 97  00 

Fibre  pressmen  9881,  tax,  aug,  $1.75;  d  f.  $1.75  8  60 
Suspender  workers  9480,  tax,  J,  J,  a,  $1.05; 

d  f,  $1.06 2  10 

Highway  dept  employes  12640,   tax,  ang, 

•4.80;  d  f,  SIJIO 8  00 

Federal  labor  11806,  tax,  ang.  tl.75;  d  f,  $1.76..  8  60 

Cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  1U227,  tax, 

July,  98;  d  iC 98 6  00 

Federal  labor  11624,  tax,  June,  98.60;  d  f,  98.60  17  00 
Curbstone  cutters  and  setters  8878,  tax,  J,  a, 

8,  91.60:  d  f.  91.60 8  00 

Federal  labor  10607,  tax,  June,  91;  d  f,  91 2  00 

Federal  labor  10190,  tax.  Jnly.  94;  d  f.  94 8  00 

Federation  of  labor,  Yonkers,  N  V,  tax,  a, 

m,J 2  60 

Ice  handlers  and  helpers  asso  9068,  tax,  m, 

J,  J,  98;  d  f,98 9  00 

Macbinisto  helpers  12482,  tax,  July,  91.23;  d  f, 

91.2> 2  60 

Laborers  prot  12266,  tox,  July.  98.60:  d  t,  98.80  7  00 
Flat  Janitors  12861,  tax,  July,  91.76:  d  t,  91.75...  8  60 

Federal  labor  9461,  tax,  m,  J,  95;  d  f,  96;  sup, 

60c 10  60 

Railway  machinists  helpers  12548,  tax,  aug, 

95.75;  d  f,  95.75;  sup.  25c 11  75 

Federal  labor  12874,  sup 1  50 

Central  labor  union,  Berwick,  Pa,  tax,  a, 

m,J 2  60 

Bro  of  painters,  decorators,  and  paperhang- 

ers.  tax,  July 858  08 

Pearl  workers  12497,  tax,  July,  96.50;  d  r,99.60; 

sup,  50c 18  60 

II  Trades  and  labor  assem.  Marietta,  Obio, 

tax,  m,  J.J 2  60 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Minneapolis,  Minn, 

tax,  a,  m,  J.  J.  a,  s 5  00 

Trades  and  labor  union,  Edwardsville,  111, 

tax,  m.  a,  m,  J,  J.  a. 5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Batavla,  N  T,  tax,  a, 

m,J 2  60 

Central  labor  union.  Port  Jervls,  N  Y,  tax, 

a,  m,  J 2  60 

Intl  photo  engravers  of  N  A,  tax,  J,  J 80  88 


DON'T   FEAR 

TO  CALL  FOR 

KY.  TAYLOR 

WHISKEY 

For  it  is  pure.    The  same  formula 
In  fact  A  PURE  FOOD  WHISKEY 

V^RIGHT   (SL   TAYLOR 

Distillers  ===  I.o«&isville 


12.  Central  labor  union.  Bellows  Falls,  Vt,  tax, 

a,  in,J $2  50 

Intl  union  of  cutting,  die  and  cutter  mail- 
ers, tax,  J,  J,  a 4  60 

Federal  labor  10746,  Ux,  July.  $1.25;  d  f.  $1.26  2  60 
Federal  labor  9816.  tax,  aug,  $2.05;  d  f,  12.05..  4  10 

Federal  labor  12825,  tax,  oci,|2;  d  f.  $2 4  00 

Federal  labor  8^79,  Ux,  1,  J,  $2.50;  d  f, $2.50....  6  00 

Railroad  helpers  and  faborers  12268,   tax, 

July,  11:  d  f,  81 2  00 

Locomotive  hostlers  and  helpers  11894,  tax, 

July,  $8.20;  d  f,  13.20 6  40 

Federal  labor  12378,  tax,  1,  J,  $1.50;  d  f,  $1.60...  8  00 

Federal  labor  7204,  tax,  July,  60c;  d  f.  60c 1  20 

Federal  labor  12416,  tax, July,  $1.20:  d  f.  81.20         2  40 

Federal  labor  12525,  tax,  aug,  90c:  d  f,  90o 1  80 

Federal  labor  8584,  tax,  July,  |1.2o:  d  f,  81.25..  2  50 

Grain  handlers  7445,  Ux,  a,  m,  J,  J,  15  40;  d  f, 

•5.40 - 10  80 

HospiUl  employes  asso  10725,  Ux,  J,  a,  $5.00; 

d  i;  85.90. 11  80 

SUnographers  asso  12880,  Ux,  aug,  86c;  d  f, 

86c 70 

Pole  raisers  and  electrical  assisUnU  12491, 

Ux,  aug,  18;  d  f,  IS 6  00 

Suspender   woriiers  11294,  Ux,   aug,   $1.70; 

d  f,  fl.TO 8  40 

Punch  press  operators  12878,  Ux,  July,  fl; 

d  f,  II 2  00 

Telephone  operators  11498,  Ux,  aug,  60c;  d  f, 

60o 1  20 

Tin,  steel,  iron  and  granite  ware  workers 

10&48,  Ux,  aug,  16.50;  d  f,  10.60 18  00 

Scale  workers  prot  7692,  tax,  July,  19.40;  d  f, 

19.40 18  80 

House  raisers  and  movers  12814,  Ux,  aug, 

90c;  d  f,  90c 1  80 

Tobacco  strippers  10422,  Ux,  aug,  18.25;  d  f, 

18.26 6  50 

Trades  council,  Marion,  111,  Ux,  J,  a,  s,  o, 

n,  d 5  00 

Egg  caudlers  12000,  Ux, July,  12.15;  d  f.  12.16..  4  80 

Buspendermakers  966U,  tax,  a,  m,  $16.50;  d  f, 

$18.60 88  00 

Union  de  mineros  12840,  Ux,  July,  $14.06;  d  f, 

Digitized  by  ^005 


818 


AMERICAX  FEDERATIOXIST 


M 

cCR  E  E  RY 

AND 

COMPANY 

D  R 

Y    G  0  0  D  S 

Wood  Street  at  Sixth  Avenue 

Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

12.  SUblemeos  prot  IfOlS,  tax.  m,  J  J,  19;  d  C 10 
Soda  and  mineral  WAier  bouien  10333,  tax. 


auf^fLTS;  d  f,fl.75. .,.. 


MosTc  eoKiaTen  11809,  tax,  July.  $1.70;  d  f, 

$1.70 ^ ^ 

Hone  nail  workers  106S2,  tax,  aug,  f  1;  d  f,  f  I 
Paper  bag  worker*  11757.  tax,  aag,  tec;  d  f,  65c 
Rm>einen,  helpers,  sarfaoemen,  and  federal 

laaOJ.  tax,  jaly,$6;  d  r,» 

American  society  of  plate  engravers  900B, 

tax,  aag,  95c;  d  f,  95c 

Federal  labor  «tt^,  tax,  j.  J,  96.75;  d  f,  96.75; 

sap,  92 

Laborers  prot  12410,  tax,  m,  J,  91.70;  d  f,  91.7U; 

sap,S0c.„..^ — 

Sospendermakers  12282,  sap — 

Rev  D  8  Jenkn.  sap — 

Macbinlsts  helpers  12528,  Ux,Jalj,50c;  df, 

50c;  sap,  45c — 

Federal  labor  1230,  tax,  jane,  50c;  d  C  50e; 

sap,50c ~. -^~ 

Federal  labor  9373,  Ux,  J,  a,  92;  d  f,  92;  sap, 

91 

Trades  coancil,  Belolt,  Wis,  sap 

18.  OH  and  gas  workers  12107,  tax,  July,  96.00; 

df.  95.80 _ ^ 

Laborers  prot  117J2. Ux, July, 9440;  d f, 94.40 
Domestic  laborers  11048,  tax,  Jane,  90c;  d  f, 

90c 

Central  labor  anion,  Geneva,  N  T,  tax,  a, 

mj.. 

Trades  and   labor  coancil,  Poaghkeepele, 

N  Y,  tax,  a,  m,  J _. 

Central  labor  anion,  Elyrla,  Ohio,  tax,  m, 

a,  m 

Park  dept  laborers  12435,  tax,  m,  J,  j,  95.50; 

d  f.  96.50 

American  federation  of  musicians,  tax.  aag 
L  D  Biddle,  organizer,  refaod  of  organising 

expen»e*i 

Federal  labor  12885.  tax.  July.  85c;  d  f.  85c 

Trades  aMtem,  Fort  Worth,  Tex,  nov.  '06.  to 

and  Incl  Jaly,  Nj7 «~.. 

Alaminum  workers  8261,  tax.  aag,  914;  d  f, 

914 

Federal  labor  12105,  tax,Jaly,  91.10;  d  f,  91.10 
Federal  labor  120ii7.  tax,  J  J,  a.91.20:d  f;  91.20 

Federal  labor  12821.  Ux.  1uly,7Uc:  d  f,70c 

Meterroakers    prot    1125U.  Ux,    may.  97.50; 

d  f,  97.60 

Trades  council.  Mansfield,  Ohio,  ux,  a,  m.  J 
American  bro  of  cement  workers,  Ux,  J,  a, 

960;  sup,  831.30 

Milkers  8881.  Ux.  July,  97.50;  d  f.  97.50 

Hat  trimmers  11504.  Ux,  July. 91.85;  df.  91.85; 

sup,  24c 

United  neckwear  cutlers  «93tf,  sup „.. 

Suspender  workers  8144,  Ux.  aug.  91.50;  d  f, 

91.50 

Printers    roller  makers  10638,  Ux,  aug,  91.25: 

df.  91.25  

Trades  and  labor  assem.  Little  Falls.  N  Y, 

Ux,  a.  mJ .«.. 

Federated  trades  council.  Green  Bay,  Wis, 

Ux,  J,  f,  m 

Trades    and  labor    council,  Leavenworth, 

Kan,  Ux,  mar,  *07,to  and  inci  feb,  '06 


14 


918  00 

850 

840 
290 
180 

10  00 

190 

15  50 

890 
500 
1  00 

1  45 

150 

500 
25 

1120 
880 

180 

250 

260 

260 

1100 
187  60 

500 
170 

750 

28  00 
220 
240 
140 

15  00 
250 

9180 
15  00 

894 
16  00 

300 

250 

250 

250 

10  00 

14.  Trt-Clty  labor   congress.  Rock  Island,  111, 

Ux,  Jan,  to  and  Incl  dec,  "OO — 

Trades  and  labor  coancil,  Hamilton,  Ohio, 

Ux,  m,  a,  m .~— 

Central  Ubor  coancil,  Franklin,  Pa,  Ux,  a, 

m,J «..- 

United  cloth  bat  and  cap  makers  of  N  A, 

Ux.  may 

Intl  anion  of  elevator  oonstroctors,  tax,  J  a  ly 

Natl  print  catters  aMO  of  A,  tax,  J.  J.  a. » 

Federal  labor  8770,  tax,  aag,  91.70;  d  f.  91.70... 
Railroad  helpers  and  Uborers  12890,   Ux. 

inly,  75c;  d  t76c ~ ~ 

Mechanics  helpers  12415,  tax,  Joly,  91.40;  d  £. 

91.40 

MachlnisU  helpers  11892,  tax,  m,j,  J,  92.40; 

d  1 92.40 — 

Spring  pocket  knife  makers  12806,  tax,  July, 

91.85;  d  f,  9L85 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12239,  Ux, 

5aly,98;dr.98 

Sewer  and  tunnel  workers  7319,  Ux,  Jnty, 

98;  d  f,98 ^ — 

Dock  builders  prot  12120,  tax,  July,  915;  d  f, 

915. ~ 

N    Y  transfer  companies     employes  prot 

11824, Ux, aag, 91.25;  d  t, 91 J8 -... 

Janitors  and  general  housemen  11126,  Ux, 

m  J,  J,  a,  94.40;  d  f,  9i.40 

Stoneware  workers  prot  6888,  tax.  aag,  95.50; 

df,  95.5a 

Car  wheel  molders  and  helpers  10710,  tax, 

Joly.91.Sn;  d  f.  91.50 — 

Federal  labor  12499.  tax,  J,  J.  91;  d  t  tU  sap* 

45c ^ 

Laborers  prot  12442,  Ux,  aag,  92;  d  f,  92;  sap, 

93^ 

Drain  layers  and  helpers  12584,  tax,  aag.  60c; 

df,50o;  sup,  91 — 

Federal  labor  10185,  tax,  July,  93;  d  f,  93; 

sup,  85c 

Horse- nail  makers  10058,  sap — 

Patrick  H.  Shannon,  sup 

15.  Central  trades  and  labor  council.  Coshocton, 

Ohio,  Ux,  o,  n,  d.  »08,  J,  f.  m.  '07 

Lake  county    trades    and    labor  oonncil, 

Painesville,  Ohio.  tax.  J.  f.  m,  a,  m,J 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Kenosha,  Wis, 

Ux,  a,  m.J 

Laborers  prot  10205.  Ux,  July,  93.15;  d  f.  93.15 
Intl  brick,  tile,  and  terra  cotU  workers  al- 
liance. Ux,  o.  n,  d,  '06,  J,  f,  m,  '07 

Glass  bottle  blowers  asso  of  U  S  and  Can- 
ada, Ux,  a.  m,  J.  J.  a,  s 

United  textile  workers  of  A,  Ux,  m,  J.J 

MachlnisU  helpers  and  laborers  12283,  tax, 

July. 82.75;  df, 92.75 

Federal  labor  11828,  ux,  June.  91.15:  d  f,  91.15 
Federal  labor  8620,  Ux,  aug,  91  80;  d  f.  91.30... 
Federal  labor  11891,  ux,  July,  93J0;  d  U  98.60 

Federal  labor  12412,  Ux,  sept,  92;  d  f,  92 

Federal  labor  11098.  Ux,  July,  85o:  d  f.  85o 

Federal  labor  7470,  ux,  July,  92.85:  d  f,  92.25... 
Federal  labor  12501.  Ux,  July.  91.50;  d  f,  91.50 
Federal  labor  8900.  Ux,  aag,  92:  d  f.  98. — ».... 
Federal  labor  13374,  Ux,  July, 91  95;  d  f.  9195 
Federal  labor  19490,  Ux, July, 

Digitized  by  ^ 


^,fi  w;  a  r.  ii.va 


9iom 

2  so 

13  m 

t»  14 
S  40 

1  90 

200 

4  80 

270 

1100 

10  00 

00  00 

250 

8  80 

U  00 

S  00 

245 

750 

200 

686 
10  00 
2S5 

600 

500 

250 
600 

1S4  50 

240  00 

199  78 

550 
290 
890 
790 
400 
79 
409 
890 
490 
890 
290 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


819 


INDEPENDENT  SALT  CO.  z^z^s^. 


Borotigh  of  BrooKli^nt^  City  of  Ne^vv  YorK 

549  to  559  M/ADcui-iffcnc  ^:i«  n-.*  .n 

Smith  Street,  Brooklyn  WAREHOUSES : 

Telephone  Call,  640  Hamilton 


332  East  103d  Street 

Manhattan  Market 

Telephone  Call,  1 1 36-79th  St. 


15.  Suspendermakera  10842,  tax  J  J,  a,  $2.85;  •!  f, 

12.86 «.. 

Hair  spinnen  12847, tax,  July,  18.06;  d  f,  $8.06 
Water  works  employes  128Utf,  tax,  J,  a,  ltf.25; 

df,  80.26 

Street  cleaning  employes  12474,  tax,  July,  85; 

d  f,85 

Water  pipe  extension  laborers  12098,  tax, 

may.fc;  d  f ,  $5 

Interlocking  switch  aud  signalmen  11786, 

tax.  Inly,  fceo;  d  f,  82.60 

United  pearl  workers  12472,  tax,  July,  814.90; 

d  f,814  90 

Navy  yard  clerks  and  drafLsmens  asso  12827, 

tax.  July, 86.85;  d  f.  86.85 ^ 

Public  grounds  dept  employes  12484,  tax,  a, 

mj,  J,  85.06;  d  f,  85.06 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Ottawa,  III,  sup..... 
Bottle  cap,  cork,>and  stopper  workers  10876, 

tax,  bafjuly,  86;  d  f,  85;  sup,  81.10 

Natl  federation  of  P  O  clerks,  tax,  J,  J,  a, 

818.60;  sup,  81 

Machinists  helpers  12683,  sup 

Tobacco  strippers  10422,  sup 

Federal  labor  12002,  tox,  July,  60o:  d  f,  60c 

Federal  labor  12495,  tax,  July,  8d0;  d  f,  880; 

sup,  88.80 

Sugar  refinery  workers  12627,  tax,  aug,  88.^ 

d  f,  88.25;  sup,  81 

16.  Central  labor  union,  Norwalk,  Ohio,  tax,  f, 

m,  a, 

Central  trades  and   labor  council,  Reno, 

Nev,  tax,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d.  *07,  J,  »08 

Trades  and   lat>or  assem.  Port  Madison, 

Iowa,  tax,  J,  a,  s 

Trades  and  labor  council.  East  Liverpool, 

Ohio,  tax,  a,  m,  J 

Laborers  prot  12485,  tax,  July, $1.20;  d  f,  81.20 
Railroad   helpers  and  laborers   12487,  tax, 

aug,  88.60;  d  f,  88.60 

Intl  Jewelry  workers  union  of  A,  tax,  a, 

mJ 

Intl  steel  and  copper  plate  printers  union  of 

N  A,  tax,  a,  m.  J,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d,  '07 

Federal  labor  11248,  tax,  J,  a,  81.10;  d  f,  81.10.. 
Federal  labor  8806,  tax, a,  m,  J,  J, a.  82.25;  d  f, 

$2.25 

Federal  labor  8720,  tax,  July,  80c:  d  f,80c 

Federal  labor  9996.  tax.  aug,  85.26;  d  f.  85.26.. 
Federal  labor  8388,  tax,  a,  s,  o,  812.75;  d  f, 

812.75 

Federal  labor  11722,  tax, July,  82.90;  d  f.  $2.90 

Federal  labor  12018,  tax,  aug,  ri;  d  f,82. 

Mineral  water  bottlers  11817,  tax,  ^J,  a,88; 

d  f.  88 ...?.....: 

Sail  and  tent  makers  12289,  ti^x     aly,  81.20; 

d  f,  81.20 

Icemens  prot  12288,  tax.  July.8  .25;  d  f,  83.25 
Telephone  operators  14468,  tax,  aug,  85c;  d  f, 

35c 

Isinglass  glue  workers  11790,  tax,  m,  J,  J, 

8l.av,  d  f.  81.05 !...! 

City  flremens  prot  asso  11974,  tax,  J,  J,  812; 

d  f,  812 ! .!.... 

Cloth  examiners  and  spongers  11680,  tax, 

July,85.25  d  f;85.26 ! 

Packers  prot  12617,  tax,  aug,  81.80;  d  f,  81.80; 

sup,  87.40 

Federal  labor  12816,  tax,  July, 81.75;  d  f, 81.75; 

snp,81 

Federal  labor  12271,  tax,  July, 81.40;  d  f,  81.40; 

sup,  82 

Intl  ladles  garment  workers,  sup 

Horse  nail  makers  9656,  tax,  aug,  82.8U;  d  f, 

84.80;  sup,  880 ! ! ! 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12585,  tax, 


aug,  $1.80;  d  f,  81.80;  sup,  83.56. 
'   "    -ai  If " ""  — 


Federal  labor  12526,  tax,  aug,  86.75;  d  f,  86.76; 

sup,  750 

Federal  labor  12609,  sup 


85  70 

6  10 

18  60 
10  00 
10  00 
520 
29  80 
18  70 

10  10 
75 

11  10 

14  60 
1  60 
1  00 

1  20 

68  80 
17  50 
260 
600 
260 

250 

2  40 

700 

888 

65  18 
220 

460 

1  60 
10  60 

25  50 
580 
400 

16  00 

240 
660 

70 

2  10 
24  00 

10  50 

11  00 

4  50 

480 
20  00 

85  60 

7  10 

14  25 
450 


17.  Trades  and  labor  council,  Muskegon,  Mich, 

tax, J,  La. 82  60 

Stave  pliers  and  helpers  12801,  tax,  July, 

$2.10;  d  f.  $2.10 4  20 

Federal  labor  12885,  tax.  a,  s,  83.60;  d  f,  8S.50..  7  00 

Intl  seamens  union  of  A,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s..  798  48 
United  bro  of  carpenters  and  Joiners  of  A, 

tax  Jan. 999  00 

Intl  glove*  workers  union  of  A,  tax,  aug!..!..i  4  40 

Intl  asso  of  marble  workers,  tax,  J,  J 20  99 

Federal  labor  8162,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.60  8  00 

Federal  labor  8867,  tax,  June,  88.60;  d  f,  88  50  7  00 

Federal  labor  8760,  tax,  J uly,  $1 .06;  d  f,  $1.05..  2  10 

Federal  labor  12408,  tax,  July,  $6;  d  f.  $6 12  00 

Federal  labor  12476,  tax.  July,  $1.85:  d  f, $1.85  8  70 
Central  labor  union,  Wilmington,  K  C,  tax, 

a,  m,  J 2  50 

Public  school  teachers  asso  10808,  tax,  m,  J,J, 

a,  s,  85;  d  f,  85 10  00 

Porters  prot  12844,  tax,  July,  88.10;  d  f,  $8.10...  6  20 
Telephone  operators  10795,  tax,  aug,  70c;  d  f, 

70c 1  40 

Well  drivers  125*28.  tax,  July,  81.40;  d  f,  81.40..  2  80 
Newspaper  carriers  12062,  tax,  July,  82.70; 

d  f,  fc.70 J.  5  40 

Hat  and  cap  leather  sweat  band   cutters 

11807,  tax,  aug.  81.50:  d  f,  81.50 8  00 

Sewer  Inspectors  12881,  tax,  aug,  81.90;  d  f, 

$1.90 r. .?.. : :     $80 

Ship,  machinery  and  derrick  riggers  10815, 

tax.aug,82.70;d  f,  82.70 5  40 

Artesian  well  drillers  and  levermen  10814, 

tax,  aug,  81;  d  f,  $I 2  00 

Saw  filers  and  setters  9314,  Ux,July,  $1;  d  t, 

$1  2  00 

United  labor  league,  Sharon.  Pa,  sup 75 

Federal  labor  12080,  tax,  July,  $2.40;  d  f,  $2.40; 

sup,  $1 5  80 

19,  Central  labor  union,  Hartford,  Conn,  tax, 

a,  m,  J 60 

Trades  and  labor  assem.  New  Castle,  Pa,  tax, 

a,  m,J,  J.a,  s 6  00 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Hannibal,  Mo,  tax, 

a,  m.  J 2  60 

Hat  block  makers  and  helpers  12099,  tax, 

July,  66c;  d  f,  65c 1  80 

Laborers  prot  12508.  tax,  July,  81;  d  f,$l 2  00 

Railroad    helpers  and  laborers  12209,   tax,  ^ 

July,$1.50;  df,$1.60 00 

Intl  union  of  fiourand  cereal  mill  employes 

tax,  a,  m,  J,  J 15  64 

Intl  union  of  Plate  workers,  tax,  July 16  00 

Intl  bro  of  electrical  workers,  tax.  J,  J 810  00 

Federal  labor  12886,  tax,  aug,  82;  d  f.  82 4  00 

Federal  labor  12222.  tax,  aug,  818;  d  f.  818 86  00 

Federal  labor  12898,  tax,  aug,  81.60;  d  f,  81.60         8  20 


PRENTISS  PATENT  VISES 


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19.  Federal  labor  W07.  tax,  uepU fS.S.'i:  d  t  93,2.5..  96  60 

Federal  labor  11158,  tnx.  auf^,  ?i/JO;  d  f,  9i*2&  8  40 

.  Federal  labor  8002,  Uix  Juiy^ta;  d  f,  m , . .  6  00 

Federal  labor  11888,  Ui  x,  J ,  n,  15;  d  f,  {5 10  00 

Federal  labor  10186,  tix,  liUt^.ttx;;  d  umc 1  30 

Federal  labor, 9461,  thx,  juJj,  15;  it  f,tb 10  00 

Federal  labor  11200,  Ui  ^t ,  J ,  J,  UOc^  d  f,  9(Jc 1  80 

Federal  labor  12896.  tti  \  -.  i^^pi ,  f  i  -JC^t  d  f,  ST  20  2  40 
Federal  labor  11478.  t   -        ■    f  ^    ^  1  '  ?J  '.- 

sup,  82 ^ 7  00 

Federal  labor  12444,  tax,Jaly.|11.26;d  f,  |11.26  22  60 

Federal  labor  9626.  tax.  aog,  88.60;  d  f,  ».60..  7  00 
Intl  rrelgbt  bandlers  and  warehousemens, 

tax,  bal,  a,  m.J _.  71  50 

Well  workers  12462.  tax,  J,  a,  16;  d  f.  $5 10  00 

Bootblacks  prot  11961,  tax,  aag,81;  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Telephone  operators  12102,  tax,  July,  95c;  d  f, 

95c 1  90 

•Metermakers  prot  11260,  tax,  Jane,  87.60;  d  f, 

87.60 ;. :  15  00 

Watch  workers  0961,  tax,  J,  J .  88.60;  d  f,  88.60  7  00 
Stablemens  and   grooms   prot   12015,  tax, 

Jane,  87.50;  d  f,  87.60 16  00 

Tobacco  strippers  12489,  tax,  J aly,  81.66;  d  f, 

81.65 8  80 

Wax  and  plaster  model  makers  11488,  tax, 

aug,  80c;  d  f.  80c 1  60 

Clay  workers  12461,  Ux,  Jaly,  81^;  d  r.8L60  8  00 
Hair  spinners  prot  12858,  tax,  aug,  r2.40;  d  f, 

82.40 4  80 

Bottle  sorters  and  handlers  11750,  tax,  aug, 

90c;  d  f,  90c .?..  1  80 

Button  workers  prot  12404,  tax,  July,  86.10; 

d  f,  88.10 „ '. ;....  ....;. '.  12  20 

Lamplighters  11948,  tax.  J.  a,  812;  d  f,  812 24  00 

Gardeners  and  florisu  10615,  tax,  J,  a,  81;  d  f, 

84 8  00 

MlUmens  prot  10297,  tax,  aug,  88.50;  d  f,  88.50; 

sup,  81 8  00 

Federal  labor  12582,  tax,  aug,  81.90;  d  f,  81.90; 

sup,  87.60 11  80 

Federal  labor  10190,  tax,  aug,  85;  d  f,  85;  sup, 

50c. 10  60 

Federal  labor  8281,  tax,  aug,  81.50;  d  f,  81.50; 

„«up,  81 4  00 

Federal  labor  12515.  sup 4  60 

Snspendermakers  9660,  sup 16  00 

Trades  counclL  Laredo,  Tex,  sup 6  00 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Nia!gara  Falls. 

N  Y,  sup 5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Mena,  Ark,  sup 10  00 

Park  employes  prot  asso  11820,  tax,  July', 

81.45;  d  f.  81.45;  sup,  4c 2  94 

Central  labor  union.  South  Framingham, 

Mass.  sup 5  00 

Federal  labor  12666,  sup 10  00 

Machinists  helpers  12564,  sup 12  60 

Federal  labor  9644,  tax.  aug,  60c;  d  f,  60c 1  20 

Trades  council.  New  Haven,  conn,  sup 5  03 

Federal  labor  12522,  sup 2  00 

Laborers  prot  12541,  sup •  5  70 

Agricultural  workers  11697,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  J, 

La,  82.10:  d  f.  82.10 ! I...! :..:  4  20 

Federal  labor  12448,  tax.  aug,  81.10;  d  f,  81.10...  2  20 

Street  cleaners  12566,  sup 10  00 

20."  Central  labor  union,  Vincennes,  Ind,  tax,  a, 

m,J 2  60 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Victoria,  B  C,  tax, 

a,  m,J 2  50 

Kings  CO  labor  council,  Hanford,  Cal,  Ux, 

^  a,  m,  J 2  50 

Laborem  prot  10191,  tax,  a,  m.  J,  J. 84:  d  f.  84...  8  00 

Federal  labor  12088.  tax,  aug,  82.l50;  d  f,  82  60..  5  00 

Federal  labor  11888,  tax.  aug,  65c;  d  f,  frSc 1  10 

Federal  labor  8564,  tax.  aug.  81.80;  d  f,  81.80...  3  60 

Grain  workers  asso  11407,  Ux,  J,  a,  88;  d  f.  88..  6  00 

Gas  workers  96iO,  Ux,  aug,  814.75;  d  f,  814.75..  29  60 
City  flremens  prot  asso  11431,  Ux,  aug,  818.80; 

d  f,  818.80 .:. ! .! 27  60 

Ball  stitchers  12071,  Ux,  July,  81.26;  d  f.  81.25..  2  50 


20. 


21. 


Rock  drillers  and  tool  sharpeners  12366,  tJix, 

July,  88.50;  d  f,8l*.60 

Hair  spinners  12868,  Ux,  July,  40o;  d  f,  40c 

Lampfighters  12464,  ux,  July,  820UW;  d   f. 

Journeymen  stonecutters  asso,  sup 

Federal  labor  12011,  sup ^.. 

Intl  bro  of  foundry  employes,  sup 

Granite  workers  9289.  Ux,  aug,  81.26;  d  f,81.25; 

sup,  81 

Soap  workers  12279,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a,  84.25; 

d  f,  84.25;  sup,  81.60 

Icemens9990,  Ux,  J,  a, 82.60;  d  f. 82.60:  sup,  50c 
Machlnlsta  helpers  12406,  tax,  June,  12.40;  d  f, 

82.40;  sup,  82.fi:. ^. 

Moccasin  and  moccasin  slipper  workers 

12288.  Ux,  July,  82.06:  d  f.  82.(»;  sup,  60c 

Suspender  workers  9480,  sup 

Federal  labor  11046,  sup -.. 

Federal  labor  8227,  tax,  aug,  82.60;  d  f,  88.60; 

sup,  81.85 .: 

Central  labor  union,  Salamanca,  N  Y,  Ux, 

bal  sept,  '05,  to  and  inol  mar,  '07 

Central  labor  union,  Lincoln,  Neb,  tax.  a, 

m.J,  J,  a,  s 

Trades  assem,  Utlca,  N  Y,  Ux,  a,  m,  J 

Central  labor  union,  Findlay,  Ohio,  tax,  m, 

a,  m.  J,  J.  a 

Central  labor  union,  Harrisbnrg,  Pa,  tax,  J, 

a,  s 

Machinists  helpers  12328,  tax,  June,  81.25;  d  f. 

Highway  laborers  prot  1*2824, 'uy,' aug,' 92.10; 

d  f,  82.10 

Federal  labor  12882,  Ux,  July,85o;  d  f,  86c 

Federal  labor  9621,  Ux,  J,  J,  a, 81  06;  d  f,  81X6.. 

Federal  labor  12817,  Ux.  July,  82;  d  f,  82 

Federal  labor  11811,  tax,  July,  81.70;  d  f,  81.7a. 

Federal  labor  6854.  Ux,  July,  81;  d  f,  81 

Intl  asso  of  machinists.  Ux,  J,  J,  a 

Amalgamated  asso  of  Iron,  steel,  and  tin 

workers,  Ux,  f,  J 

Intl  asso  of  bridge  and  structural  iron  work- 
ers, Ux,  J.J 

Gas  workers  10086,  tax.  June,  82.60:  d  f,  82.60.. 
Suspender  leather  trlmmingmakers  12518, 

Ux,  July,  81.10;  d  f,  81.10;  sup,  60c 

Banders  prot  12567,  sup — 

Federal  labor  12558,  sup 

Kansas  sUU  fed  of  Ubor,  sup 

Mineral  water  bottlers  11817,  sup 

Federal  labor  11440,  tax,  July,  81;  d  f,  81;  sup, 

81.10 

Federal  labor  10829,  Ux,  aug,  86.50;  d  f,  86.50; 

sup.  50o «,. 

Federal  labor  8217,  Ux,  aug,  82.60;  d  f,  82J0; 

sup,  60c 

Federal  labor  11618,  Ux,  aug,  81.20;  d  f,  81.20; 

sup,  50c 

Central  trades  and  labor  council,  Rutland, 

Vt,  sup 

Vermont  sUte  fed  of  labor,  sup 

Badge,  banner,  and   regalia  makers  12249, 


tax,  sept.  55c;  d  f,  55c;  sup,  75o.. 
>ntral  labor  union,  Derby,  Conn,  sup... 
Larned  Carter  A  Co,  Detroit,  Mich,  rerond... 


22.  Gray's  Harbor  trades  and  labor  council, 

Aberdeen,  Wash,  Ux.  a,  m,J,  J,  a,  s ».. 

Machinists  helpers  12170,  Ux,  aog,  45c;  d  f, 

45c 

Railroad   helpers  and   laborers  11968,  tax, 

aug,  82;  df,  82 

Quarry  worlcers  intl  union  of  N  A,  tax,  J,  J 
Federal  labor  IIOTO.  Ux.  aug.  81.25;  d  f,  8L28 
Federal  labor  8818,  Ux,  aug,  8180;  d  f.  81.80... 

Federal  labor  8189.  Ux,  July,  88:  d  f,  83 

Federal  labor  1(»79,  Ux,  July,  82.20;  d  f,  82.20 
Curbstone  cutters  8512,  Ux,  J,  a,  a,  88;  d  f,  89 
Telephone  operators  12400,  Ux,  July,  50c; 

d  f,  60c, 


Digitized  by  CifOOQlC 


reo 

80 

40« 
600 
163 

1010 

8S0 

10  00 

550 

710 

470 
7S0 
1  m 

885 

15  00 

500 
850 

500 

250 

250 

420 
70 
210 
400 
840 
200 
900  00 

100  00 

100  00 
500 

270 
10  00 
10  00 

600 

16  00 

8  10 

18  50 

550 

890 

100 
100 

1« 

56 

500 
90 

400 
40  00 

360 

200 

600 

440 
18  00 

100 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


821 


THE 

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BANNKR  BAKINC  POMTDERCO. 
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32.  Flat  Janitora  ri512,  tax,  ang,  t2;  d  f;  «i...». $4  00 

ABsortem  and  packers  8)116,  tax,  aug,  $S.80; 

d  f,  $5.60. 11  00 

Steel  and  copper  plate  engravers  league, 

12511,  tax,  July,  $4.46;  d  f.  tl.45 8  90 

Stenographers,  typewriters,    bookkeepers, 

andaasts  11778,  tax,  J,  J,  a,  $10.60;  d  f,  $10.60; 

sup,  60c «..        21  60 

Macnine  chain  assemblers  12607,  tax,  ang, 

•2.76;  d  f,  $2.76;  sup,  iOc 6  00 

Railway  machinists  helpers  12548.  sup 8  26 

aaarry  workers  intl  anion  of  N  A,  sup 2  00 
orae  nail  makers  7078,  sup 1  00 

Horse  nail  makers  10660,  sup 6  00 

Federal  labor  12522,  sup 2  16 

Federal  labor  8002.  sup 1  00 

28.  United  trades  and  labor  council,  Bufialo, 

N  T,  tax,  feb,  '07,  to  and  ind  Jan,  '08 10  00 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Freeport,  111,  tax, 

0,  n,  d,  *06.  J.  f,  m,  a,  m,  J,  '07 7  60 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Oelwein,  Iowa,  tax, 

J,  a,  8 2  60 

Trades  council,  Cumberland,  Md,  tax,  m,  J, 

1,  a,  8,  o 6  00 

Cigarmakers  intl  union  of  A,  tax,  m,  J 888  89 

Conduit   trench  laborers   12286,   tax,  July, 

$1.60;  d  f,  $1.60 8  00 

Cement  and  rock  asphalt  workers  local  26, 

sup « 2  25 

Federal  labor  12490.  sup 1  60 

Federal  labor  11429,  Ux,  J,  a,  s,  $1.66;  d  f, 

$1.85 8  30 

Hospital  attendants  prot  8087,  tax,  J,  a,  70c; 

d  f  70c 1  40 

Fire  dept  employes  10446,  tax,  J,  a,  $6.60;  d  f, 

$6.60 .  11  00 

Florists  and  gardeners  10726,  tax,  J,  a,  $2.60; 

d  f,  $2.60. 6  00 

Icemens  prot  12468,  tax,  aug,  $1;  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Hair  spinners  10899.  tax,  aug.  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.50         8  00 
Municipal  ferry  employes  12604,  tax,  July, 

$2.45;  d  U  $2.46. 4  90 

Federal  labor  9657,  tax,  a,  s,  70c;  d  f,  70c; 

sup,  60 1  90 

Federal  labor  11802,  tax,  ahg,  $1.65;  d  f,  $1.65; 

sup,  85c 8  95 

Federal  labor  11796,  sup 50 

Federal  labor  9985,  sup 6  85 

34.  Central    trades  and   labor  assem,  Elmlra, 

N  Y.  tax.  m,  J,  J,  a.  s.  o 5  00 

Federal  labor  iSOM,  tax,  aug,  $1:  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Federal  labor  12483,  tax,  July,  $1  40;  d  f,  $1.40         2  80 
Federal  labor  11414,  tax,  J,  a,  $1.80:  d  f,  $1.80...         8  60 

Federal  labor  9650,  tax.  July,  $5;  d  f,  $5 10  00 

Intl  bro  of  stationary  firemen,  tax,  J  une 60  00 

Moving  picture  operators  12877,  tax,  June,  $2; 

d  f,  $2. 4  00 

Cooks  and  waiters  10968,  tax,  aug,  $0.50;  d  f, 

$9.60 19  00 

Rockmen  and  excavators  12488,  tax.  July, 

$12.60;  d  f,  $12.60 26  00 

E«  inspectors  8848,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  $2.25;  d  f. 

Pipe  caulkers'  and  repairers  prot  114^  tax, 
aug,  $SJIO;  d  f,  $8J0 7  60 

Stonemasons  12076,  tax,  July,  60c;  d  f,  60c; 
8Up.2o 1  22 

Rev  PS  Lears,  Houston.  Tex,  sup 85 

26.  Central  labor  union,  Portsmouth,  Va,  tax, 

m.a,m 2  50 

Laborers  prot  9105,  tax,  J,  J,  $10;  d  f,  $10 20  00 


26.  Trades  and  labor  assem,  Salem,  Ohio,  tax. 


-'•'"ii'i, 


Central  labor  union,  Ashland,  Wis,  tax,  Jan 

to  and  inci  dec 

Laborers  prot  9549,  tax,  J,  a.  $2.90;  d  f,  ri.90... 
Faborers  prot  9658,  tax,  uug.  $4.60:  d  f.  $4.60... 
Federal  labor  11161,  tax,  aug.  $1.25:  d  f,  $1.25 
Lithographers  intl  p  and  b  asso  of  U  S  and 

Canada,  tax,  f,  m,  a.  m,  J,  J,  a 

Coopers  Intl  union  of  N  A,  tax,  J,  J 

Shirtwaist  and  laundry  workers  intl,  tax, 

m.J.J 

Oas  appliance  and  stove  fitters  12432.  tax. 

m,  J.  J.  acct  a,  $5;  d  f,  $5 ! 

Bootblacks  prot  10175,  tax,  July.  $2.83;  d  f, 

$2.86 ; 

Barber  shop  porters  and  bath  house  em- 
ployes 119^.  tax,  J.  a,  $2.60;  d  f.  $2.50 

Qas  workers  11^188,  tax.  July.  $1.15;  d  f,$1.16... 
Button  workers  prut  7i81,  tax,  J.  J,  a,  $1.50; 

d  f,$1.50 

Cheesemakers  12616,  tax,  aug,  $8.05;  d  f,  $8.06 

Janitors  prot  10867,  tax.  m,  J,  $5;  d  f,  $5 

Badge  and  lodge  paraphemaila  makers  9186, 

tax,  aug.  50c;  d  f,  60c 

Municipal  water  pipe  layers  12857:  tax,  July. 

$2.60:  crf,$2.60 .  ...!......:.! 

frederal  labor  12668,  sup...„ 

Telephone  operators  12662,  sup 

MacnlnisU  helpers  12561,  sup 

Federal  labor  12550,  sup 

Federal  labor  12660,  sup 

Machinists  helpers  11892.  sup 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12680,  Ux, 

aug,$l;  df,  $1;  sup,$l 

Federal  labor  10977,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $8;  d  f,  $8; 

sup,  $1 

Federal  labor  8867,  tax,  July.  $8.60;  d  f.  $8.60; 

sup,  $2 9  00 

Intl  oro  papermakers.  sop ....„ 2  25 

Wire  and  cable  workent  9847,  tax,  m,J,J, 


$15.45;  df, $15.45.. 

27.  Central  laboi^  union,  Oaleton,  Pa.  tax,  J.J,  a 
Central  labor  union.Marcellne.Mo,tax,  s.  o.  n 
Machlnista  helpers  12418,  tox,  July,  $2n0;  d  f, 

$2.10 ..«.. «„ 

Federal  labor  10128.  sop 

Federal  labor  9925.  tox,  July,  75c;  d  f,  75c 

Federal  labor  11823,  tax.  July.  $1.15;  d  f,  $1.15 
Laborers  prot  11817,  tax,  bal  m,  bal  a,  bal 

m,$l;  d  f,$l 

Machinists  helpers  and  laborers  12206.  tax, 

aug,  14.15;  d  f,  $4.15 

Federal  labor  12£26,  tox,  aug,  $1.75;  d  f,  $1.76 
Federal  labor  82C3,  tox,  July,  $2a0;  d  f,  $2.10.. 
Federal  labor  1244U,  tox,  July,  $1.45;  d  f,  $1.45 
Federal  labor  12102,  tox.  aug,  $11.60;  d  f,$11.60 
Cemetery  employes  10634,  tax,  aug,  $6.cO;  d  f, 

$6.50 

Tobacco  strippers  12502,  tax,  a,  s,  $8.20;  d  f, 

$8.20 

Bricklayers  11660,  tax,  J,  J,  $1.80;  d  U  $1JM) 

Jewelry  and  silverware  case  makers  10148. 

tox,  July,  $7.60;  d  f,  $7.60 .7! 

Street  nJlroad  construction  workers  12266, 

tox,  m.  J,  J,a,$2;  d  f,$2 

Riggers  prot  10298,  tox,  July,  $2;  d  f,  $2 

Movinir picture  machine  operators  12870,  tox, 

July,$L85:  d  f,  $1.85 „ 

Federal  labor  11958,  tax,  July,  $11;  dt$ll; 

sup,  $8 

Federal  labor  12863,  tox,  J,  a,  $5;  d  f,  $5;'  sup. 

$1.50 « .:. 

Federal  labor  12416,  sup 

Brlcklayerii and  masons  10962, tox,  J.J,  $8.86; 

d  f,  $3.86,  sup,$i 

28.  Central  labor  union  of  Hanover  and  Mc- 

Sherrystown,  Pa,  tox,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a.  s 

Machlnlste  helpers  12560,  tox,  aug,  $2.50;  d  f. 

$2.60 

Machinlsto  helpers  12845,  tox,  J,  a,  82;  d  f.  $2 
Intl  broom  and  whisk  makers  union,  tax. 

J.  J.. 


$2  50 

10  00 
580 
900 
250 

70  00 
54  06 

80  72 

10  00 

570 

500 
280 

800 
6  10 
10  00 

100 

500 
10  00 
10  00 
10  00 
10  00 
10  00 
60 

800 

700 


80  80 
260 
250 

430 

10  00 
160 
280 

200 

880 
860 
420 
280 

28  oa 

18  00 

16  40 
260 

16  00 

400 
400 

270 

25  00 

11  50 
25 

770 

500 

500 
400 

10  00 
800 
280 
2  10 


Federal  labor  7187.  tox,  July,  $4;  d  f,  $4 

Federal  labor  11969,  tox,  July,  $1.40;  d  f.  $1.40 
Federal  labor  9870,  tox,  J,  a,  s,  $1.05;  d  f,  $1.05 
Furniture  packers  prot  10699,  tax.  J,  a,  $2.60; 

d  f,$2.60 « 5  00 

Cut  nal  I  workers  7029,  tax,  aug,  $1.05;  d  f,  $1 .06         2  10 
Suspender  workers  11251,  tax,  aug,  40c;  d  f, 

40c 80 

Bed  spring  makers  prot  12108.  tax,  aug,  $8.75; 


822 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST . 


PARK  AVENUE  HOTEL 

Park  (4th)  Ave.,  32d  and  33d  Sts. 
New  York  City 

THE  PARK  AVENUE  can  be  reached  for  one  fare  bv  electric 
cars  from  all  railroad  stations,  ferries  and  steamship  piers. 
Within  easy  access  of  the  great  shopping  district,  theatres 
andtall  places  of  amusement  and  Interest. 

Tmimphonm  Smrvlcm  In  Bvmry  Robm 

SUBWAY  STATION  IN  FRONT  OF  HOTEL 
First-class  Accommodations  at  Moderate 
Prices.      Cuisine  and  Service  Unsurpassed. 

REED  ft  BARNETT,      Proprietors 


28.  Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  126(34,  sup $1  00 

Federal  labor  8281.  sup 2  00 

Laborers  prot  12564,  sup 5  00 

Laborers  prot  12d66,  sup 10  00 

29.  Central  labor  union.  New  Orleans,  La,  tax, 

a.  m.  J 2  60 

Federation  of  labor,  Columbus,  Ohio,  tax, 

m.J,  J a  60 

Federated  trades  council.  Green  Bay,  Wis, 

tax.  a,  m.  J,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n.  d 7  50 

Federal  labor  120o0,  tax,  J.  l,  I1.6U;  d  f.  $1.50...  8  00 

Federal  labor  11837,  tax.  J,  J.  a,  t2.2o:  d  f,  $2.26  4  50 

Tobacco  strippers  12040,  tux,  J,  J,  $14.10;  d  f, 

$14.10 28  20 

Bootblacks  prot  12108,  tax,  m,  a,  m,  j.  J.  a,  s, 

$2.45;  d  f,  $2.45 4  90 

Hotel  and  restaurant  em  ployes  intl  alliance, 

etc.  tax,July 181  45 

Intl  asso  of  watch  case  engravers,  tax,  J,  a,  s  2  26 

Amal  window  glass  workers  of  A,  tax,  bal, 

m,  J,  J,  a,  s 168  00 

Tuck  pointers  10884,  tax,  $8.80;  d  f.  $3.80 6  $0 

Weighmastera  12897,  tax,  aug,  $1.50;  d  f,  $1.50  8  00 
Mosaic  workers  12510,  tax,  aug.  $1.05;  d  f, $1.06  2  10 

Streetworkers  and  laborers  1U282,  tax,  J,  a, 

s,  $8;  d  f,  $3 a  00 

£;ievator  conductors  and  starters  11950,  tax, 

July,  $5;  d  f.  $5 10  00 

Federal  labor  8621,  tax,  J ,  a,  $4;  d  f;  $4;  sup,10o        18  00 

Icemens  prot  9254,  sup 1  00 

Intl  bro  of  papermakers,  sup 8  60 

Laborers  prot  8079,  sup 2  70 

Scale  workers  prot  7602.  sup 50 

80.  Central  labor  union.  Washington,  D  C,  tax, 

m,J,j 2  60 

Rope  makers  and  helpers  12319,  tax,  aug, 

rl.90;  d  f,  $2.90 5  80 

Bleachers,  dye  workers,  and  helpers  12096, 

tax,  j,  a,  $9;  d  f,  $9 18  00 

MaohinlsU    helpers    12880,  tax,  aug,  $3.90;  - 

d  f.$8.90 7  80 

Machinists  helpers  12408.  tax,  July,  $2.40;  d  f, 

$2.40 4  80 

Federal  labor  10964,  tax.  July,  75c:  d  f.  75c 1  60 

Federal  labor  11459,  tax.  aug,  $li6;  d  f,  $1.30..  2  60 

Horse  nail  makers  10958,  tax,  aug,  $2.90;  d  f, 

$2.90 5  80 

Lehr  tenders  and  shore  boys  7583,  tax,  J,  a, 

s,  $8.75;  d  f.  $8.76 7  60 

Bootblack  prot  9923,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a,  $2.50; 

d  f,  $2.50 6  00 

Soft  beer  and  peddlers  8934.  tax,  J,  a,  $1.50; 

d  f,  $1.50 8  00 

Street  and  sewer  excavators  7648,  tax,  J,  a,  s, 

$2.40;  d  f,  $2.40 4  80 

Clay  miners  and  laborers  8503,  tax,  J,  a,  s, 

$12;  d  f,  $12:  sup,  $2 26  00 

Laborer8  prot  10215,  tax,  July,  50c;  d  f,  50c; 

sup,$l 2  00 

Stablemens  prot  10360,  tax,  a,  s,  o,  $;$;  d  f,  $3; 

sup  $1.60 7  60 

Moccasin    and   moccasin  slipper   workers 

12288,  tax.  aug.  $2.10;  d  f,$2.1U;  sup,  50c 4  70 

Mineral  and  soda  bottlers 9275,  tax,  J  uly,  50c; 

d  f,  50c;  sup,  50c 1  50 

Assorters  and  packers  8316.  sup 1  10 


81.  Fed  of  labor,  Sedalia,  Mo,  tax,  m,  J,  J t2  so 

Jefferson  county  trades  and  labor  assem, 

Steuben ville  and  vie.  tax,  bal  m,andj i  qq 

Chain  makers  national  union  of  U  S  of  A, 

tax,J,j —  coo 

Central  trades  and  laborcouncil,  Bridgeton, 

N  Y,tax.  m.J, J 2i0 

Trades  and  laborcouncil,  Kalamazoo,  Mich, 

tax,  m.J, J,  a,  s,  o 5Q| 

Federal  labor  12471,  Ux,  July,  $4:  d  f,  $1 g  « 

Federal  labor  7481,  tax,  J,  a,  $1.60;  d  f.  $4.50....  9  oe 
Paper  handlers  11284,  tax,  J,  a.  s,  $11.25;  d  f, 

$11.25 !  22  SO 

Gardeners  and  florisU  11984,  tax,  J,  J,  $6;  d  f , 

$5 10  01 

Riggers  prot  11561.  tax.  July.  $5;  d  f,  $5. lO  QD 

Sewer  workers  12281,  tax,  J  uly,  $1.25;  df,$1.25  2  SO 
Porters  and  shoe  shiners  12448,  tax,  J,  J,  $1.80: 

d  f,$l.80 .. 1  «e 

SuHpenderraakers  9560,  tax,  J,  is$16  60:  d  f, 

$16.50 o  00 

Pile  drivers  12094.  tax.j,  J,  a,  s.$2;  d  f,  $2. 4  CO 

Brentanos,  Washington,  D  C,  sup 13  72 

Intl  bro  papermakers,  sup as  10 

Planermens  prot  10805,  tax,  J,  a.$2;  d  f,  $2; 

sup,  50c  4  50 

Intl  bridge  and  Ktructural  iron  worker8,8ap  2  Ti 

Federal  labor  12566,  sup 10  on 

Federal  labor  12538.  tax^  aug,  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.00..  8  20 

Small  supplies 2  17 

Advertisements  Am  Fed 1,603  8S 

Subscriptions  Am  Fed 48  75 

Premiums  on  bonds ^ 90  75 


$127,867  tS 


EXPENSES. 

1.  One  months  rent,  Geo  Q  Selbold.  sec 

Organizing  expenses.  Geo  E  Brady 

2.  2.000 1-c  stamps,  1,000  2-c  stamps,  P  O  dept.... 

Translating,  A  R  Dyer 

Organizing  expenses,  Cornelius  Ford,  $18.50; 

ChasT  Bailey.  $60 

8.  Organizing  expenses.  Alex  Rosenthal 

Printing  1.000  envelopes,  $2.75;  oorrections, 
list  of  organizations,  $12;  oorrections.  list 
of  organizers,  $6.40*  corrections,  list  of 
organizations,  $11.20;   1,000  p  c   reoeipta, 

$1.50;  9  electros.  $9;  Trades  Unionist 

Organizing  expenses,  L  T  Mo«s  and  Thoe 
Furlong 

5.  1,100  1-c  stamps,  1,100  2-c  stamps,  P  O  dept.... 
Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  July  7, 1907, 

suspendermakers   9560,    Max    Altshuler, 

treas 

Adjusting  and  cleaning  machine.  Reming- 
ton Typewriter  co 

6.  Organizing  expenses.  8  A  Bramlette,  1^.60: 

TE  Zant,  $49.95:  J  D  Pierce,  $75. ! 

7.  Contribution  to  AM  Fed.  Victor  Yarros. 


$182  00 
28  60 
40  CO 
41S 

68  SO 
10  00 


50  00 
83  00 


188  00 
SQO 


IS  56 

85  00 


Kifcbel's 
Lioimept 

For  Rheumatism, 

Sprains,  Bruises,  Aches 

and  Pains. 

It  is  one  of  the  best 

externa!  liniments  sold 

for  man  or  beast. 

It  relieves  pain  like 

magic. 

Sold  by  Druggists. 

»•  R.  Kitcbel 

CoMwater,  Mich. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


82a 


THE  PURITY.  MATURITY.  AND 
FLAVOR  OF 


HUNTER 
WHISKEY 


HAS  GIVEN  IT  ITS  WONDERFUL 
POPULARITY  AND  A  REPU- 
TATION  FOR  EXCELLENCE 
ABSOLUTELY       UNSURPASSED 


Sold  at  all  first-class  cafes  and  by  jobbers 
WM.  LANAHAN  &  SON,  Baltimore,  Md. 


7.  OrganlslDg  expenses,  Prank  J.  Weber,  15.60; 

Frank  H  McCarthy,  187.80;  J  J  FlUpatrlok, 
999:  John  A  Flett.  «1U0;  £  T  Flood,  9100; 
T  H  Flynn,  950;  Hugh  Frayne,  9100;  M  O 
Uamllton,  9100;  James  Leonard,  9100;  J  D 
Pierce,  950;  Btuart  Held,  9100;  Herman 
Robinson,  9100;  Jacob  Tazelaar,  9100;  W  E 
Terry,  9100;  C  O  Young,  9100;  A  E  Holder, 

9100 91,841  80 

Expenses  Jamestown  exposition,  C  P  Ck>n- 
nolly 50  00 

8.  Organising  expenses,  Chas  W  Fear,  918.26; 

Oomelluii  Ford,  95.56 68  81 

12,000  2-c  stamped  envelopes,  P  O  depL a..       267  28 

Cleaning  windows  and  doors,  L  L  Cahoon 

W  C  CO , 7  00 

Organising  expenses,  Jos  A  Torlllo 60  00 

12.  Strike  benefit  for  week  endlngjuly  U,  1007, 

suspendermakers  0560,   Max    Altshuler, 

treas 186  00 

19.  Carpentering  work,  J  M  Heisley. 6  00 

Organizing  expenses,  J  A  Torlllo.  950;  P  D 

Drain.  flO;    Gus  L  Helcken,  910;    E   G 

Knuckey.  95.60:  H  W  Joel,  92.50 78  10 

Atty  fees,  H  W  Wheatley 8  00 

Phone  message.  Telegraph  oo 60 

ao.  Organizing  expenses,  C  w  Woodman,  987.20; 

S  A  Bramlette,  984.15:    T  E  Zant,  937.40; 

C  W  Fear.  987.44;  T  H  Flynn,  9100;  Caf 

Wy«tt,9100 ! ' 396  19 

Strike  benefits  for  federal  labor  11428,  week 

ending  apr  18,  1907.  Temp.  Bailey,  treas 80  00 

Attorneys  fees,  H  W  Wheatley 7  60 

Ice,  Columbia  Ice  co 8  80 

7  cuts.  M  Joyce  Eng  oo 28  97 

Clippings,  National  Press  Intelligence  co....        10  00 

1  dozen  rolls  paper.  E  8  Newman 1  76 

Coetumer,  The  Hub  Furniture  co 1  00 

22  bottles  water,  Great  Bear  ttpring  co 8  80 

Telephone  service,  CAP  Telephone  co 88  18 

Printing  2  blank  books,  982;  600  bank  checks 

911.26;  2,000  bank  checks  with  stubs,  985; 

6,000  letter  heads,  981.60;  Law  Reporter  co  100  76 
Supplies:  2  copy  holders,  98.50;  8  lbs  twine, 

91.06;  1  letter  file,  25o;  2  dozen  blotters,  80c; 

1  dozen  blotters,  50c;  1  letter  file,  25c;  1  box 

nlagara  clips,  10c;  ^-dozen  sponges,  50c; 


ERNEST     SINGER 

MEN'S  and  YOUNG  MEN'S 

CLOTHING 

FURNISHING  AND  HATS 


The  double  guarantee  of  strictly  one  price  or 
money  refunded  on  any  unsatisfactory  pur- 
chase goes  with  every  sale  we  make     ::      :: 


25  and  27  Third  Avenue 
New  York  City 


20.  1  qt  paste.  60c;  1  stamp  pad,  26c;  1  pencil 
pocket,  10c;  1  special  book,  912;  >^  gross 
erasers,  94.6o;  8  qts  mucilage,  9I>M6;  2,000 
sheets  wax  paper,  91.60;  1  qt  paste,  60c;  1  pt 
ink,  40c;  1  box  eyelets,  80o;  iLaw  Reporter 
oo 

1  copy  Star  apr  1  to  oct  1,  J  L  Thompson 

600  white  cards,  library  bureau 

Organizing  expenses,  E  T  Flood,  9100;  Hugh 
Frayne.  9100;  M  G  Hamilton,  9100;  8  Igle- 
slas,  9W;  Jas  Leonard,  9100:  H  Robinson, 
9100;  Jacob  Tazelaar,  9i00;  W  £  Terry,  950: 
H  M  Walker,  9100;  C  O  Young,  91(»;  T  F 
Tracy,  9100;  A  B  Holder,  9100;  W  C  Hahn, 
9100;  J  A  Torlllo,  962 

Expenses,  Jamestown  exposition,  C  P  Con- 
nolly  

Organizing  expenses,  B  Wemon,  94.78;  Chas 
F  Bailey,  960;  Stuart  Reld,  9100 

Towel  service.  Fowler  mfg  oo 

1  ribbon.  Remington  Typewriter  co 

Telegrams,  Telegraph  oo i... 

Aoct  commissions ". 

Expressage,  U  B  Express  oo  .., 

1  book,  W  CSteadman 

1,000 1-c  stamps,  1,C00  2-c  stamps,  P  O  dept... 

21.  Organizing  expenses,  T  E  Zant 

26.  600 1-c  stamps,  POdept 

Strike  benefits  for.  suspendermakers  9660, 

for  week  endlngjuly  2l,  '07,  Max  Altshuler, 
treas 

27.  200  4-c  stamps,  600  2-c  stamps,  P  O  dept 

Organizing  expenses,  Thos  F  Tracy,  ^MO;  Jos 

A  TorUlo,  946.15 

Expenses,  stenographers,  attending  E  C 
meeting  at  Norfolk,  Va,  J  T  Kelly,  918,28; 
R  L  Guard,  918.62 

Organizing  expenses,  Edwin  R  Wright,  9100; 
T  H  Flynn,  960 1?. 

Expenses,  exhibit,  Jamestown  exposition, 
Wm  A  DavIs 

Expenses,  attending  E  C  meeting  at  Wash- 
ington, DC,  and  Norfolk,  Va,aug  19  to 24, 
1907,  James  Duncan,  9118;  John  Mitchell, 
9122;  James  O'Connell,  966:  Max  Morris, 
9197.70;  Daniel  J  Keefe,  9181:  Wm  D  Huber, 
9126;' Jos  F  Valentlne,9121;  John  B  Lennon, 
9186.80;  D  A  Hayes,  988.60;  Frank  Morrison, 
988.50 

Committee  rooms,  E  C  meetlDg,Nor.olk.Va, 
Hotel  Fairfax 

28.  Subscription  to  Washington  Post,  mar  1  to 

aug  81,  1907,  daily  and  Sunday,  Jas  L 

Harmon 

Organizing  expenses,  John  A  Flett,  9100;  M 

G    Hamilton,   9100;   Hugh    Frayne,   9100; 

Stuart  Reid,  9100;  Herman  Robinson,  950; 

Jacob  Tazelaar.  9100:  Wm  E  Terry,  950 

Expenses.  Jamestown   exposition   exhibit, 

C  P  Connolly 

Organizing  expenses,  A  Sineriz 

Expenses,  Jamestown  exposition  exhibit, 

Minnie  Bronson 

Cleaning  windows  and  doors,  LL  Cahoon 

Window  Cleaning  CO 

Organizing  expenses,  Cal  Wyatt 

29.  Expenses,  exhibit,  Jamestown  exposition. 


929  15 

800 
1  18 


1,302  00 

100  00 

164  78 

700 

76 

6  21 

200  00 

68  19 

101 

80  00 

8186 

600 


128  00 
20  00 

246  16 

86  86 
160  00 
64  00 


1,075  00 
48  00 

420 

600  00 

100  00 
600 

84  40 

700 
100  00 

peoo 


824 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


MAY    MANTON    PATTERNS 

Have  won  their  way  into  the  best  homes  in  the  land, 

because  they  are  the  Most  Perfect-Fitting 

Patterns  in  the  Market 

Right  in  Quality     Right  In  Dmslgn     Right  In  Prlcm 

For  Sal*  by  Acenctos  Er^rywhere 

ALL  10  CENTS  EACH 

A  catalogue  containing  700  designs,  lOc;  by  mall,  1  5c. 
May  MantOn  Pattern  Company 

132-142  West  27th  St.,  New  York 


''DressinaKing*at*Hoine" 

J§  Mmnthly  Magamlnm  of  Paahlonm 

10  Cents  per  copy  (Subscription  price  50  cents  per  year 

includes  two  May  Manton  Patterns  free). 

Dressmaking-at-Home  Publishing  Company 

Masonio  Temple.  Chicago,  III. 

30.  Or^nlxlJ^if  expenBes,  W  W  Lebby... $10  00 

Fosuigeoii  AM  Fbd,  POdejJt 22  20 

Hub£cr3|iitOD  to  WajshlnptcjD  Pobl,  mtirLl4  to 

Rug  10,  *07,  dally  and  SoDday,  Wm  Turner  2  74 

6  w**kti'Auiflryt  office  employ es,  K  Vnleutii 
1125;  J  Kelly,  fllS;  K  L  Guard,  Slta;  D  P 
MauDlng.  t\m%  ^  W  BemUftrd.  fiOW,  L  A 
Gaver,  H*0;  L  A  S^tprne,  fwaae^  F  U  Alei- 
aodtT.  fw;  A  Ci  RueiielL  fWi  J  W  Lowe, 
imi;  A  li  McCoy,  «85;  D  L  Bradley.  584:  (1 
wetk)  J  GftllHher,  %V^M\  ¥  I.  KalHr.feWi 
Z  M  Maiivt!rBe,  BSO;  (S|ji  weekH)  A  ^  B^y^r 
wcU,  l«1.70;  J  M  Rodler<  ITS;  W  I  Fruueis, 
rO;  W  H  HiJWlln.t7U;r4  weefeji)  1  V  Kwoe, 
leo;  (3H  we*ks)  (4  A  BcMiS^etl,  MlMi  D  J 
NieUen,f67.«:^:  B  w  Thoims.  f5»:  I.  Blu(.*te, 
laO;  UCJoiiefl,  SIIL23;  W  von  Eidorr,  fSO; 
E  K  B row D ley,  Bjy.ftO:  B  ftl  HoUzmjin,  §€6; 
TE   Fawkes,  175;  K   Nf  P^^acock,  I77.H6;  A 

McClellan,  |7o-  I  M  Lftuher.  177.85 2,431  06 

Ou6  itiotnL'§ht4alury,>>ami]el  Gompeiv,  prt«  260  00 
One  monih*H  ^iliiry,  Kmnk  Morrlwtm,  see..,.  206  38 
lieiuntl  iif  ejcprt^ssclittrges,  Wm  A  Hdhafer, 

8eo ^ 1  46 

OrffanlziDgexpeDBes.  Chas  A  CoIIen 7  60 

Salary  as  treasurer,  John  B  Lennon 200  00 

Organizing  expenses,  D  8  O'Leary,  $6;  Paul 
J  Smith,  $10;  A  J  Royal  16;  J  1)  Wood,  $10; 

Thos  J  Crowley,$5 85  00 

81.  Stamps  received  and  used,  Frank  Morrison, 

sec 6  28 

Fee,  M  O  14c;  notary  fee,  60c;  postage  due, 
70c;  newspapers,  $1.84;  ezpressage,  $1 70; 
pitchers.  $2.66;  car  tickets,  $6.50;  hauling 

trunks,  $3.25:  J  W  Bernhard 16  68 

Hauling  Am  Fed,  J  W  Bernhard 3  60 

600  cards  (holder),  $1.76;  10  electros,  $2.60; 
15,000  envelopes  Am  Fed,  no.  ^^$i8.76; 
16,000  envelopes  AM  Fkd  no.  10,  fn\  10,000 
manila  envelopes  and  ezpressage  Am  Fed, 
$53.16;  6,000  whys,  $10.50;  £2,000  stamped  en- 
velopes, printing,  $15;  1,000  organiser 
weekly  statements, $7;  2,000  local  union  per 
capita  notices.  $6.50;  correction  lists  oror- 
ganizations,  .  $11.20;  500  letter  circulars, 
accounU,   18;    1,500  intl  lists,  $20;    Trades 

Unionist 176  86 

Translating,  Louis  Faber 2  15 

Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  7-]8-'07, 
Jewelers  and  silverware  case  makers 
10448,  Chas  E  Kuser,  treas 284  00 

$11,787  50 


RECAPITULATION. 

Balance  on  hand  Aagust  1. 1907 $U6,7»  71 

Receipts  for  month  of  August. 11,618  OB 

Total 127,817  6 

Expenses  for  month  of  August 11.787  » 

Balance  on  hand  September  1, 1907. $115,6a>  C 

General  ftind 18,607  a 

Defense  ftind 101,98214 

Total $116,560  C 

FRANK  MORRISON, 
89entury,  A.  F.  oiL, 


J^Jxyl^ 


HARKAN 


2  (or  2S  Gents. 


Yoor  Dealer  can 
famish  them 
Should  he  lefnse  to  do  so,  send  to  the  factory 

UNION  COLLAR  CO.. 

USION  MADE.       CADILLAC,    MICH. 


C.  D.  Shimer,  Pres. 
K.  S.  Shimer,  Treas. 


A.  R.  Baxter,  Vice-Pres. 
A.  Bonnet,  Secy. 


The  BANGOR  SLATE  CO. 

Quarrting  and  Manufacturing 

Genuine  Bangor  Unfading 
Black  Roofing  Slate 

Fr«m  th«  l«al  BaBtf«r  Qvanr 

Uriials,  Steps,  Platforns,  Wtlnscotint,  FliebMt^f,  Blwk- 
btar^s,  wi  111  kMs  of  Phnkert'  aal  Strictiral  Slate 


Bangor 


Pennsylvania 


IT     PAYS    THE     MECHANIC    TO     BUY    GOOD    TOOLS 

"OHIO"  TOOLS  have  been  on  the  market  for  a  great  many  years 
and  the  experienced  mechanic  knows  he  is  making  no  mistake 
when  he  selects  an  Ohio  Chisel  or  Plane.  He  knows  they  are 
honestly  made  for  wear  and  will  outlast  anything  on  the  market 

We  manufacture  a  Tery  complete  line  of  Carpenters'  hand  tools. 
Write  for  Catalogue  F. 

OHIO  TOOI.  COMPANY,  Colt&mBt&s,  OKio 


Digitized  by 


Google 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


825 


JUSTUS'VON  LEN6ERKE,  President.  C.  W.  SHAFFER.  Sec'y  and  Ben.  Mgr.  ERNST  DETMOLD,  Treasvrer. 

If  you  arc  not  in  favor  of  the  "  Powder  Trust" 
buy  your  dynamite  and  blasting  supplies  of  the 

NATIONAL    POWDER    COMPANY 
353  FIFTH  AVE.  NEW  YORK  CITY 


*•  Vauise  *'  Rmtcktt  Scrgw  Driver. 


^iPSTii....  FT^' 


Yankee  **  Ratchet  Screw  Driver  with  finger  tnm  an  blade. 


*  Yankee  '*  A  utomatic  Drill  with  Magaeinejbr  Drill  Points, 


'YANKEE' 
TOOLS 


are  the  newest,  cleverest  and 
most  satisfactory  In  use,  and 
the  first  to  be  offered  at  so 
reasonable  a  price  that  every 
np-to-date  mechanic  coiild 
buy  tools  of  their  quality  and 
character. 

Other  tools  are  very  rood 
tools,  but  «< Yankee"  Tools 
are  better. 

<« Yankee"  Tools  are  sold 
by  all  leading  dealers  In  tools 
and  hardware  everywhere. 
Ask  your  dealer  to  seetteOL 


*^Yamkm**  Red^rocoHng  DHttJbr  U^aadar  MetaL 


OUR  "YANKEE"  TOOL  BOOK 
TELLS  ALL  ABOUT  THESE  AND 
SOME  OTHERS,  AND  IS  MAILED 
FREE  ON  APPUCATION  "^ 


fioPlih  Bi<otbBi(^  M&Dnf&ctnuing  domp&n  j, 

Lehigh  AyEiniE  and  American  Street, 


PHILADELPHIA. 


Davies  &  Thomas  Co. 


JAMBS  THOMAS,  Prest.  ROWLAND  T.  DA  VIS,  Viee-Pnst. 

ROWLAUD  D.  THOMAS  Tnts.  nod  Mrr. 
eSO.  DA  VIES,  Seey.  iod  Pur  Agt. 


HORN  A  THOMAS.  69n'l  Agents, 
HnvtmtyerBuildinif 

26  CortUndt  St.,  New  York. 

N.  7.  Telipbont  4061  CortUttdt 
CaUsao^oa  TeUpbone  iiSl 


Foundry  and 
Machine  Works 


CATASAUQUA.PA. 


C.  A.  WILLEY  COMPANY 
Color  Grinders 


AND 


MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Specialties  in  Camasfe  and  Gtt  Paints, 
G>Iors,  Etc« 

Nott  and  Vemoo  Avenues 
Hunter's  Point,       -       NEV  YORK  CITY. 


BERRY  BROTHERS 

LIMITED 

ESTABLISHED  1868 

Manufacturers  of  every  grade  of 

Varnish  and  Japan 

FOR  EVERY  USE  KNOWN 
New  York      Philadelphia        Chiosfo  8t.  Loyis 

Ml  MANL  ST.        M-M  WO.  ♦TM  ST.        M-tOLAKI  ST.  Ill  BO.  4TW  ST. 

Boston         Baltimore        Cincinnati      San  Francisco 

•10  ATLANTIC  AVI.    ■••.HANOVtNtT.  ♦!#  MAIH  IT.  MS  NOWAKD  ST. 


FACTORY  AND  MAIN  OFRCE.  DETROIT 


Canadian  Factory,  Walkerville,  Ont. 

qitized  by 


Google 


826 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Interlocking  Rubber  tiling 


Is  noiseless,  non-slippery,  waterproof,  and 
thoroughly  sanitary,  more  durable  than  stone 
or  earthen  tiles,  elegant  in  appearance,  manu- 
factured in  a  carefully  selected  variety  of  colors. 
Endorsed  by  the  best  architects  and  engineers. 
A  perfect  floor  for  business  offices,  banking 
rooms,  court  rooms,  vestibules,  halls,  billiard 
rooms,  smoking  rooms,  cafes,  libraries, 
churches,  hospitals,  hotels,  bath  rooms, 
kitchens,  etc. 

Samples,  estimates,  and  special  designs  fur- 
nished upon  application. 

Beware  of  infringers,    patented. 
Manufactured  solely  by 

NEW  YORK  BE11N6  &  PACHNfi  Co^  Ltd., 
93  aid  %  Chambers  SL  New  York. 


BIRMINGHAM 

Is  the  Most  Progressive  City 
IN  THE  SOUTH 


And  points  with  particular 
pride  to  her  Street  Car  Ser- 
vice as  one  index  to  her 
thoroughly  modern  ways    : 


Birmingham 

Railway,  Light  &  Power 

Company 

BIRMINGHAM       -      ALABAMA 


CALCIMO 

The  Painters*  Cold  Water  Kalsomine 


because  it  is  bound  tvith  hide  stock 
animal zlue,  and  is  readily  soluble  in 
cold  water.  Calcimo  requires  no  ice 
in  summer  nor  stove  in  winter.  It 
jells  on  the  hottest  summer  day,  and 
does  not  go  too  stiff  for  spreading 
during  the  cold  weather.  Calcimo 
covers  well  one  coat,  can  be  recoated 
when  necessary,  aifd  spreads  easily. 
Kalsominers  and  decorative  painters 
find  it  less  expensive  than  any  other 
kalsomine— also  that  it  gives  satisfac- 
tory results. 

THE  MURALO  COMPANY 

New  Brighton,  Staten  Island,  N.  Y. 

BRANCH  OFFICES  AND  WAREHOUSES: 
24-26  Market  St.,  Chicago,  111. 

322  W.  Geneaaee  St.,       •       •       Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
Cor.  Battery  and  Filbert  Sta.,    -       San  Franciaco,  Cal. 


BOTTLCDTtTEi  BREWERY 


Digitized  by 


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AMERICA  N  FEDERATIONIST 


827 


IIAI-    EI.EC 

Warren,  Ohio 


-TRIG     OO. 


THE  PRATT 

Positive  Drive  Drill  Chuck 

Get  Our 
Explanatory  Booklet 


THE  PRATT  CHUCK  CO. 

FIAN KFOIT.  N.  Y. 

European  Aeents.  Selig,  Sonnenthal  &  Co. 
85  Queen  victori|  St.,  London,  England. 


The  Peoples  Security  Co. 

CAPITAL,  $200,000 
This  Company  is  organized  and  incorporated  for  the 
sole  purpose  of  affording  Full  Legal  Protection  to  the 
members  of  Organized  labor  collectively   and   as 
Individuals. 

PROVIDES 
General  Counsel  to  Local  Unions,  Etc. 
Legal  Advice  furnished  members  and  their  families  with- 
out charge. 
Claims  for  Personal  Injury. 

Identification  In  Case  of  Accident  by  providing  a  Badge 

and  Identification  Card,  Insuring  prompt  atteniion. 

FOR  ONE  DOLLAR  A  YEAR 

IrMdwayCbaBlers  Biildint        277  Breadway,  New  Yerk 
Telephones  3180-3181  Franklin 


Here' 


Opportunity 


AreYoutheNan? 


If  an  f?mployeT  should  ?-ay  to  you^  "I  want 
n  man  for  an  iniportiLfit  position,"  would  j'ou 
tjc  the  njrht  mari^  Opportunities  like  this 
are  corniTj>^  constantly  to  men  trained,  by  the 

JnTERUATIONaL    CoiittBSKJNtJWWCE     SCHOOLS, 

an  institution  tbat  n^iAlific^  nijen  to  take 
advantiiittJ  of  tjvery  oprning;  lo  comiuand 
tiJKb  ?>,-ilarifM  to  succeed  in  tlie  best  poijljons. 
Emplfjyrr^  are  daily  applyin^f  to  the  Stu- 
deiit-i'  Aid  Department  oi  the  I.  C.  S.  for  ni€n 
to  iilJ  pDiiitions  of  Tt'siponsibiiityH  and  during 
May  erf  thi«^  year  447  Mudentf  voluntarily 
iL^ptirttd  advancement  in  portions  and  aa]- 
arit^s,  and  Wii^  was  htit  a  Email  part  of  the 
wbiiif  niitiibt'^r  advanced^ 

Why   dun't   YOD    eet  in  Ijne  Tor  a  i?ood 
M  ptJisili'jfi*     No  TnaMcr  who  you  arCf  what 

|L  yfju    do,  or  Viow   Ktile  you   earn,  thf 

■^^        ]     C.   S,   can   heljj  yuu    in   your  own 
■    ^k         liome,  in   ymiT  spare   time,  for  a 
H        ^        i.>t!tter  position  and  paminHs,    The 
1  Y       '^^^   ^^"^'T*  Js  tn  mail  thi!i  coup<^>n. 

1  C^\i     I^  costs  noihinM  to  r]o  this  and 
1  BjfcJL     ^^^^^    bring  VdU  inibrmatinn  and 
IP^P*     hAx*   lliftt    may  evt^ntually  hv 
\^^      ivofth  thrmsandg  of  dqtlars.    HAIL 
Vk  IT  HOW. 


International  Corraspondanoa  Schools 
B*x  844,  SCRANTON,  PA. 

Pleate  explain,  without  further  obligation  on  my  part,  how 
I  can  qualify  for  a  larg^er  salary  and  advancement  to  the  post* 
tion  before  which  I  have  marked  X. 


Bookkeepar 

Btanoffrapher 

AdTertiMment  Writer 

Bhow-Card  Writer 

Window  Trimmer 

M eohanioal  Draftaman 

Ornamental  Designer 

Illustrator 

Civil  Service 

Chemist 

Textile  MIU  Bupt. 

French  )  With  Edison 

Spanish )  Phonograph 


Sleotrloian 
Eleotrloal  BBglneer 
Sleotrlo-Iilchtinx  Supt. 
M  eohanioal  Xnfflneer 
Surveyor 

Stationary  Sngiiieer 
Civil  Bnglneer 
BuildlBC  Oontraotor 
Arohiteotural  Draftamai 
Arohlteot 

Stmotoral  Bnslne«r 
Foreman  Plumber 
Mining  BnglBecr 


Name- 


Street  and  No.^ 
City 


.Staiki 


82S 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


GARLOCR 
PACKINGS 


Metal  and  Fibrous 


'Writ*  for  Catalotftio  No.  38 

GARLOCK  PACKING  COMPANY 

PAI^MYHA,  N.  Y. 
IraackM  Ib  aU  Piimciyal  CItiM 


MUNDY 
ENGINES 


For  All  Pt&rposes 

Mud  Dredging 
Dock  Building 
Coal  Hoisting 
%   "^VEffKK^K       4a4  Bridge  Erecting 

l^^^%WijPfc]MjMr  Pile  Driving 

^*Sh«mi.^  ''^E^^P''  Mining 

SM  WMfmM,  Stjtet  Quarrying 

Send  for  Catalogue 

J.  S.  MUNDY 

In  Succmaaful  Opmi  atlon  33  Tmara 

%%  to  34  Prospect  St.,  NewarR,N.  J. 


UNDERSTAND 


Brother  Unionist 

That  the  best  made  shoes— the  shoes  made 
under  the  best  manufacturing  conditions — 
the  shoes  that  best  stand  wear— bear  the 
Union  Stamp,  as  shown  herewith.  :: 

Ask  your  dealer  for  Union  Stamp  Shoes, 
: :  and  if  he  can  not  supply  you,  write  : : 

Boot  and  Shoe  WorReri'  Union 

246  Summer  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 


John  W.  Masury  &  Son 

faints  an6 
Darnfebes 


New  York      Chicago 

HART  &  GROUSE 
COMPANY 


Royal  Boilers 

AND 

New  York 
Radiators 


BRANCHESt 

NEWYC«K         -         235  Water  Stteet 
CHICAGO  -       -        79UkeStMet 

COLUMBUS  •  Poplar  and  HcncT  StMcti 
DALLAS    -  6S9ElmSlMet 

MINNEAPOLIS     742 


AMERICAN  FED  ERA  TIONIST 


829 


8  M  OK 


The  first  brand  of  Union 
Tobacco  ever  produced 

SAVE  LABEL  FRONTS  FOR  PREMIUMS 


HENGEL  BOX  COMPANY 

Manuja6lurers  of 

Pails  and  Boxes 


Louisville 


Kentucky 


Where  intelligent  and 
honest  labor  is  em- 
ployed, good  material 
used,  the  result  must 
be  evident,  as  is  the 
case  with  all  brands 
I     hrewed  by  the     | 

Cl)attana00a 

CHATTANOOGA     .     TENN. 


aicEiKEB.iLwmusa 


3 


BAR-KEEPERS 
"friend:. 


BAR  riXTURES, 
DRAIN  BOARDS 

Tin*  XIno,  Brasft,  Cofipar. 
Nlok*!  and  aH  KItf  hvn  «m] 

OlAft*^  Wmjf],  mmihim.  Pon 


HIGHEST  AWARD 

World's  Pair,  Chicago 

1893 

St  Louis.  1904 


£fQltCE    Wlri.    KOFFM^II. 


»«I**TlV>«-l-iTik%« 


THE  BARKEEPERS*  FftlElfi. 


Sold  by  Dealers 

All  Over  the  World 

Prices,  10  and 

aS  Cents 


SUBSCRIBE  FOR  THE 

AMERICAN    FEDERATIONIST. 

^I.OO  PER  YEAR..      r\r\n\o 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIc 


830 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


TRAZCR  AXLE  CREATE 

BEST  IN  THE  WORLD 

NO  WELL  EQUIPPED  STABLE 
SHOULD  BE  WITHOUT 


Fraier  Axle  Grease, 
Frazer  Harness  Oil. 
Frazer  Harness  Soap, 


Frazer  Stock  Food. 
Frazer  Hoof  Oil, 
Frazer  Axle  Oil. 


FRAZER  LUBRICATOR  COMPANY, 

CHICAGO  ST.  LOUIS  NEW  YORK 


Goodyear 
Lumber  Company 

Business  Established  1872. 
Manufacturers  of  Pennsylvania  White  Hemlocic 

LUMBER 

Mills  on  Buffalo  and  Susquehanna  Railroad. 

CAPACITY,  800,000  FEET  PER  DAY 

GENERAL  OFFICE: 

950  Ellicott  Square. 
BUFFALO,  N.  Y.  ■ 


•niAKMAMC* 


New  York  Office: 

3  MAIDEN  LANE. 


Ask  Your  Jewekr  for 

S.O.BIGNEY 
&  CO.'S 

Gold-Fillcd  Chains. 
They  arc  Reliable. 

Factory : 
ATTLEBORO,  MASS. 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


831 


"11    ^^    1-:^ 


3  c  iB--l 


The 

ELGIN 

WATCH 

Keeps  Time  to  the  Second 

Every  Elgin  Watch  is  fully  guaranteed.     All  jewelers  have  Elgin  Watches. 

An  interesting  illustrated    booklet   about  watches,   sent   free   on   request   to 

BIX2IN  NAXIONAI^  l^AXCH  CO.,  Hlfrilif  lU, 


Pneumatic  Tools 

for  all  purposes,  and  all  favorites  of  the  skilled 
jron  worker.    One  man  by  the  aid  of  one  of 
these  tools  can  accom- 
plish as  much  as 
ten*  men  by  old 
hand  methods. 


Send  tor  our  jjen- 
eral  tool  and  compres- 
sor catalogues. 

Manufactured  by 

CiDCAeO  PNEUMATIC  TOOL  CO. 

nsh«r  B«il4lntf 
CBICAGO 


95  Liberty  Str««t 
NEW  TOIK 


READING 
HARDWARE    CO. 

Makers  of 

Builders'  Hardware 

Fine  Door  LocKs 
The  **Ogden'' Check 

Gas,  Electric  and 
Combination  Fiirtures 


S^m  "Reading'* 

^^r  Lawn  Mowers 

Landon  Design. 

FACTORIES: 

READING,  PA. 

NEW  YORK,                        CHICAGO, 
96-98  Reade  St.                 105  Lake  St 
PHILADELPHIA, 
617  Market  St. 
Q 


^e 


832 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


TWIST  DRILLS 

TRAOB*^^  MARK 

Drill  SOCKETS 

REAMERS 

^    ^ 

^      CUTTERS 

TAPS      ^^ 

^ 

Ettabnthod  1874 

^^^^BITS,  &. 

The  Cleveland  Twist  Drill  Co.        ^^^| 

CI^KVKI^AND 

ItV^W  YOUK 

CHICAGO                   1 

Bromo- 
Seltzer 

CURES 
HEADACHES 
^^*^10  cents  «*^ 


UNITED  CLOTH  HAT  AND 
CAP  MAKERS 

OF  NORTH  AMERIOA. 

MAIN   OrriCC,  66-68   EAST  FOURTH   STRCKT, 
NEW  YORK  CITY. 


The  only  genuine  Label  indorsed  by  American 

Federation  of  Lapor  and  Organized 

Labor  in  general. 


"SAFETY" 

Insulated  Wires  and  Cables 

FOR  ALL  PURPOSES 

THE  SAFETY 

INSULATED  WIRE  AND  CABLE  CO. 

Ba^^onne,  N.  J. 


Mrs.  Winslow's  Soothing  Sjrrnp 

Has  been  used  for  over  SIXTY-FIVE  YEi^J>j 
MILLIONS  of  MOTHEBS    for    their   OHIU)B 


remedy  for  DI ARBH(E A,  Sold  by  Drurffiata  In  erery 

f)art  of  the  world.  Be  sure  and  ask  for**lfrs.WiDS- 
ow*s  8oothin§r  Symp,"  and  take  no  other  kind. 
Twenty-flve  cents  a  bottle.  Onaranteed  under  the 
Food  and  DrtiK-s  Act,  June  80th.  IMS.  Serial  Knmber 
1098.      AN  OLD  A]^D  WELL  TBIED  BKMEDT. 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  833 


FLEISCHMANN'S 

COMPRESSED  YEAST 
HAS  NO  EQUAL 


Digitized  by 


Google 


834  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


''Uniori'made  Gloves  and  Mittens  byMaiV 

You  can  SAVE  MONEY  by  wearing  our  GLOVES  and  MITTENS.  PRICES  arc  RIGHT 
and  MATERIAL  is  the  BEST.  You  will  find  no  seams  around  the  THUMBS  of  our  goods, 
which  insures  you  much  longer  wear.     Prices  as  follows: 

Grain  Reindeer  Glove,  gauntlet  or  short  wrist,  $L00 
Grain  Horsehide  Glove,  ^untlet  or  short  wrist,  85c 
Grain  Reindeer  Mitten,  $1.00;  Horsehide  Mitten,  85c 

No  extra  charge  for  lining.  To  order  gloves  lay  hand  flat  on  paper,  fingers  extended,  and  trace  around 
with  pencil  and  MAIL  TO  US  with  money-order,  stating  material  and  style  wanted,  and  sam«  will  be  mailed 
to  your  home.    GIVE  US  A  TRIAL. 

BROTHERHOOD  GLOVE  CO.,  BatUe  Creek,  Mich. 

S  DO  YOU  WANT  GOOD  RELIABLE  j 

'      RUBBERS? 


I 


If  you  want  Rubber  Bocts  and  Shoes  of  High  Quality  and  Established 
Reputation,  Rubbers  that  will  Wear  and  Saiisly,  ask  your  D«:aler  for 
U    any  of  ihsse  Brands : 

H    AMERICAN     BOSTON  RUBBER  SHOE       CANDEE 

g    MEYER  WALES-GOODYEAR  WOONSOCKET 

(There  arc  all  F'ainrus  Old  Brands.    Most  of  them  have  fcen  on  the  market  over 
fifty  ^eats,  and  evtry  pair  is  stamped  with  its  nair.c.    TLcy  ate  sold  by  the 

II  INITED  STATES  RUBBER  COMPANY 

S    And  by  100,000  Shoe  Dealers  all  over  the  United  States. 


JOHN  SIMMONS  CO. 

jr       104-1 10  Centre  Street 
■^>    New  York 

MANUFACTURERS  AND   DEALERS  OF 

RIPE     F-ITTIIMOS,    VAl 
AND    3URRL.IE3         ^ 

FOR 

STEAM,    GAS,   NVATER,    AND   OIL   ENGINEERING 

__.  r—,-" Digitized  by  V^jC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


835 


AN  IDEAL  UNION 


N  Torrid  Zones  the  natives  sustain  the 
most  arduous  labors  through  the 
agency  of  the  Kola  nut,  and  the  inhab- 
itants of  the  Frigid  Andes  Mountains 
endure  the  severest  privations  and  toil  by  chewinr 
the  Coca  leaf. 

In  temperate  climatcr,  conib!ning  both  the  heat 
and  cold,  it  has  been  found  that  the  Union  of  Coca 
and  Cola  is  the  finest  of  all  known  agencies  for 
combined  mental  and  physical  exertion. 

It  is  an  ideal  union  of  tonic  refreshment 
and  substantial  beneficial  properties. 


I 


Sc.  EVERYWHERE 


836 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Tht  Id«al  Garments  ftr  Partlcolar  N«n 

Scientifically  constructed  with  an 
elastic  insertion  thatmakes  them  fit  and 
makes  them  comfortable  at  all  times. ' 

The  Scriven  Improved  Elastic  Seam 
Drawers  are  made  in  a  variety  of  popular 
Fabrics,  in  full  and  knee  lengths.  For 
sale  by  good  haberdashers  generally. 

Send  for  booklet  today  describing  the  various 
stales.  This  booklet  cuso  contains  a  comprehen- 
stve  treatise  on  Physical  Culture  for  the  busy 

business  man.    IPs  free. 
J.  A.  SCmrEN  CO..  S«U  NaBofactarvrt, 
16-18  East  IStli  StrMt.        -       lf«w  Tarll 


MORSE  TOOLS 


are  universally  satisfactory.  They 
have  stood  the  test  of  time  and  proved 
their  value  in  years  of  service.     :: 


Arbors,  Chucks,  Counterbores, 
Countersinks,  Cutters,  Dies,  Drills, 
Gauges,  Machines,  Mandrels,  Mills, 
Reamers,  Screw  Plates.  Sleeves, 
Sockets,Taps,Taper  Pins  and  Wrenches 


Morse  Twist  Drill  &  Machine  Go. 

New  Bedford,  Mass.,  U.  S.  A. 


MORE  THAN 


300,000 


PEOPLE   BUY 


THE 


Chicago  Daily  News 

every  day,  and  probably  more  than 

1,000,000 

read  it.    Why?  Because  they  believe 

it  prints  all  the  news  and  tells 

the  truth  about  it. 


Save  dollars 


TBEH 


N2  RDEl-OHI  S5f^ -TSET  ES 

A  great  many  Brotherhood  men  are 
jtut  waking  up  to  the  fact  that  for  railroad- 
ing the  F.  P.  Sargent  Glove  is  inHnitelj 
superior  to  any  other  working  glove  on 
the  markeL 

DETROIT  1  BATHER  SPECIALTY  (JCMw. 


DETROIT. 


-6<t9t*W««H»tfh^ 


MICmOAN 


jgiel 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


837 


Any  Sand  on  the  Track? 

Do  the  wheels  slip  around 
without  making  any  progress  ? 

The  human  engine  needs  hiel 
that  is  rich  in  the  protcids — the 
clement  that  repairs  waste  tissue 
and  replenishes  the  energy  ex- 
pended in  work  or  play — to  get 
the  right  grip  on  the  business 
of  life.  If  the  wheels  are  slip- 
ping around  without  taking  you 
forward,  put  sand  on  the  track 
by  eating 

Shredded  Whole  Wheat 

a  food  that  is  rich  in  the  proteids 
— the  fue!  that  enables  the 
human  body  and  mind  to  *'do 
things,"  It  contains  all  the 
muscle-making,  brain-building 
elements  in  the  whole  wheat 
gniin,  made  digestible  by  cook- 
ing, shredding  and  baking. 

An  ideal  summer  food — not 
so  ht^ating  as  corn  or  oats ;  con- 
tains more  nutriment  and  is 
more  easily   digested. 


838 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  Prudential  Policy 

Will  provide  family  independence  f<5r  the  future.  Funds  for  education  of 
children.  Freedom  in  use  of  present  Income  and  Capital.  Cash  for  later 
needs,  and  many  other  advantages.    You  want  the  best  in  Life  Insurance. 

The  Prudential  has  the  best  for  you.    Write  for  Infornatlon  of  Policies.    Dept.  112« 

The  Prudential  Insurance  Company  of  America 

Incorporated  as  a  Stock  Company  by  the  State  of  New  Jersey 
JOHN  F.  DRYDEN,  Prc«'t  HOME  OFFICE,  Newark,  N.  J. 


SANDUSKY  TOOL  CO.,  SandtisRr,  Ohio 

Manufactorera  of 

Planes,  Plane  Irons,  Hoes,  Mallets,  Handles,  Bench  and  Hand  Screws,  Cooper  and  Cabinet  Makers' 

Tools,  Planer  Knives,  Molding  Bits.    All  Plane  Irons  warranted  and  guaranteed  to  be  the  Best  on  the 

Market.    If  your  nearest  dealer  does  not  handle  our  goods,  order  direct  from  the  factory. 

Naw  Tark  Ofllcas:  21  WAUEN  STIEET,  NSWTOIK  CITT.  U.  S.  A. 

In  answeriaa  this  adTertuauient  mention  thU  magayina 

BATAVIA  a  NEW  YOIUi  WOOD  WORKING  CO. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

INTERIOR     HARD>A/OOD 
TRIIVI  AND  OABINET  NA/ORK 

Factory:  Batavia.  N.  Y.  NE\A/  YORK 


Do  Not  Replace  Your  Worn  Carpet 
With  a  New  One. 

The  new  one  will  harbor  dust  and  germs  and  will 
wear  out  just  the  same  as  the  old  one  did.  Our  Par- 
quetry, or  Hardwood  Floors,  are  beautiful,  clean, 
sanitary,  and  will  last  as  long  as  your  house.  Free 
Catalogue  No.  l5. 

Wood-Mosaic  Flooring  Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y.       New  Albany  N.  Y. 


"RED  CROSS" 

PIPE  JOINT  COMPOUND 

FfaKes  tWht  JoinU  that  stay  tUkt. 
Ready  to  use;  Clean;  Never  liardens. 
Joints  come  apart  easily,  and  every 
can  is  warranted  to  do  all  we  claim. 
Slm9l7  iiw  it  a  trial,  thM  y««  will  kaow 
Its  Tal««.  SaaplM  tr%9» 

U/>e  EDG£COMB£   CO. 

CsyaMtfa  Falls.  OU* 


Get  The  BRUSH  That's 
GUARANTEED 

MADE   BY 

The  RUBBEKSET  BRUSH  COHPANT 

NIWAKK.  N.  J. 


The  BRISTLE  Won't  Come 
OatI  25  and  50  Cents 
at  all  Dealers. 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  JJ9 


THE 


Whitin  Machme  Works 

whitinsville:,  mass. 


BVILDCRS  or 

Cotton  Machinery 

Cards,  Drawing  Frames,  Twisters,  Looms, 
Railway  Heads,  Spinning  Frames,  Reels, 
Combing  Machinery,  Spoolers,  Long  Chain 
Quillers       ::        ::        ::        ::        ::        :: 


Stuart  W.  Cramer,  Southern  Agent 


Court  House  Square,  Charlotte,  N.  C. 
Candler  Building  Atlanta,  Ga. 


"jitiTpri  hi 


yCoOglJ' 


840 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


DETROIT  HOME  OF  THE  CARHARr 
rAe  la/'gesfa/f^  mast  CbmpMe/y 


f^/-fERe   AfUC£S    THE 


Digitized  by  V^jOO^r 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


841 


MIM 


>< 


\ 


jnion  made  gloves andOverul  uniforms 

f^£/^//;!pe<fP/a/ffff/'/ysAm(f/V^tAelV0r/d 


£/0^r  ^0(/A  iVOPffDAY 


^R)ogle 


842 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


TheEconomicalTwist  Drill 


With  a  l^-inch  ••Diamond"  High 
Speed  Twist  Drill,  a  large  Railroad 
drilled  in  cast  steel  spiders,  ii5  holes, 
[3^  inches  deep,  and  for  the  total 
number  of  ii5  holes]  they  ground  off 
only  yi  of  an  inch  from  the  original 
length  of  the  drill. 

The  time  for  each  hole  averaged 
four  and  one-half  minutes  against  18 
minutes  for  Carbon  Steel  Drills. 

It  pays  to  use  "Diamond"  High 
Speed  Twist  Drills. 


The  Whitman  &  Barnes 
Mfg^Co* 

General  Saks  Office,  CHICAGO^  ILL* 


#*'•"     HAS  BEEN        -"UUb 
I '      RAISED  L  MAINTAINED  BY  THE       ^M 

UnderwoodTypewrher 


^ 


BEAUTIFUL  REGULAR  WRTTiNG 

UNUMITED  SPEED 

UNRIVALLED  QUALITY 

BILLING  &  VISIBILITY 

HIE  UNDERWOOD  TYPEWRfTER  CO. 

NC  W  YORK  <M  ANYWHERE 


\ 


m 


For  Catalog  of  UNDERWOOD  REVOLVING  DUPLICATOR 
Send  to  Underwood  Typewriter  Company 


CKew 


"KIS-ME" 

CHEWINQ  aUM. 


**  Do  Kiss  me,  dear," 
The  youth  insisted 
As  *round  her  waist 
One  arm  he  twisted. 

'*I  will/*  she  laug-hed, 
**If  youll  agree 

To  get  some  '  KiK-Me' 
Gum  for  me." 


iKIS-ME  GUM 


The  Popular 
Favorite 


I]     American  Chicle  Co.    ^SSOrted    FlaOOrS, 


Kia-Me  Gum  Factory, 

I^OUISVILLE.    KY. 


New  Orleans,  La. 


San  Francisco,  Cal. 


London,  England 


The  Purest  and  Cleanest  Gum  Ever  Made 


qmm  tiy 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


843 


Duflfy'sPureMaltWhisRey 

Medicine  for  all  mankind;  the  stand- 
ard of  purity  and  excellence  for 
nearly  half  a  century;  an  invaluable 
remedy  for  coughs,  colds^indigestion, 
dyspepsia,  malaria,  ^^  grippe/'  con- 
sumption; an  ideal  tonic  and  stimu- 
lant for  the  aged*  The  only  Whiskey 
recognized  by  the  Government  as  a 
medicine;  prescribed  by  thousands 
of  physicians;  used  in  numberless 
hospitals. 

WriU  for  fr—  Medical  !••»•€. 

THE  DUFFY  MALT  WHISKEY   COMPANY 

ROCHCSTSR,  N.  Y. 


The  Sign  of  the 
Best  Ale 


r 


eiiiii; 


K^WQfc 


PORTSMOUTH' 


Ale$ 


Accept 
No  Substitute 


M  Sizes 


Quart 


Digitized  by 


Lioogle 


844 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


..v^aiA. 


^ts4 


iTiOASTCD 


,%iiiHii)Nlwmim 


> 


N  A% 


V 
Buy 
Union- Made 
Cereals 


UNION      -c^,,    , 


,»^ 


L^'S 


EGG-O-SEE  and  E.  C.  CORN  Flakes  are 
Union  Labor  products,  made  under  clean  and 
wholesome  conditions.  We  htc  the  only 
Cereal  Company  in  the  World  using  the 
above  Union  Label  on  all  our  packages. 
This  fact  should  appeal  strongly  to  every 
loyal  Union  worker- 


v> 


.! 


f^ 


V 


\ 


EGG  0-SEE  CEREAL  COMPANY 

CHICAGO,  U.  S.  A. 

Liri^cst  Manufaciuitrs  uf  fLiktil  t.crcal^  In  Ihc  Whi|  IJ 


^^t^  Crist- 


INDEX  TO  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


OONTBNTS  OF  MAGAZINE,  PAQB  847. 


Page 

jnerican  Chide  Compeny ^ 842 

l^eiioan  Dteirict  Steam  Company KM 

Mioder,  Adameon  Company... WO 

auvlaand  New  York  Woodworking  Company 838 

Mner  Baking  Powder  Company 9U6 

attle  Creek  Pood  Company « —  844 

arker  Brand  Collars «....  W 

arbey  4  Hon.  P W2 

«-kwUb<!bandler  Company JU 

errvBrotherB «.. SJJ 

#rnhelmer  ASchwarlB WJ 

Igney,  8.  O —  WJ 

irmlogham  Railway  Company -..  Wj 

onnle  Brothera « w» 

ootand  Shoe  Workers' Union „ JV8 

ordfiQ'i  Condensed  Milk  Company WD 

oteert  Electrical  Construction  Company £12 

roiherbood  Glove  Company wj 

rownlng.  King  ACompany W7 

runflwiok-BNlke-Collender  Company 982 

affile  Last  Works 9X5 

spewell  Horse  Nail  Company Fourth  Corer 

srhartL  Hamilton 8*^i 

apital  Tavern «» 

hattanooga  Brewing  Company §19 

bicago  Dally  News M? 

blcago  Pneumatic  Tool  Company Wl 

levelaod  Twist  Drill  Company WO 

loth  Hat  and  Cap  Makers OjjO 

OQiwIldated  Rosendale  Cement  Company 929 

oca-Cola .«.  gg 

oDsamersOas  Company 9ZI 

oortner.  Dana  8 gg 

TDwn  Overall  Mfg.  Company ., 937 

rookett  Companv,  David  B JOT 

olnmbus  Varnish  Company 928 

ia?ies  A  Thomas 918 

•etrolt  Leather  Specialty  Company » 886 

mi.  J.  G 906 

•ofly  IfUlt  Whiskey  Company 848 

•oerlngB  Forge  Company ~..  911 

Awards  A  Company 925 

dlson  Electric  Illuminating  Company 988 

dgecombe  Comoany 888 

Edgeworth,**  **Obold'*  and  **Senslble"  Tobacco 929 

ggert  A  Bro.,Chas.  H « « 912 

Igln  National  Watch  Company «..  »2l 

merson  Drug  Coinpany 940 

mpire  Moulding  Works 922 

«tate  Store  Company.    .• 924 

vans  Stamping  Company 9li 

vans,  Wllklns  A  Company 907 

arr  Alpaca  Company 986 

leiscbmann's  Yeast »^ 838 

raier  Lubricator  Company 920 

arlock  Packing  Company 918 

arraent  Workers.  United 916-917 

ellen  A  Company 911 

lobe  Tobacco  Com  pany 919 

oodyear  Lumber  Company 920 

oebel,  Herman  P 927 

uckenheimer 848 

lam  Manufacturing  Company,  C.T 912 

anson  A  Van  WlnkleCompany 912 

fttters.  United 980 

art  A  Cronse  Company 918 

ellmann  Brewing  Company 925 

errmann.  Aukam  Company 928 

offknan,  Geo.  W « 919 

unter  Rye  Whiskey. 908 

ome  Bleach  A  Dye  works 928 

ester  Columbus  Brewery  Company 934 

idependent  Salt  Company 904 

ktematlonal  Correspondence  School 915 

oquols  Company 989 

inklnsBroa. 980 

»wett  Refrigerator  Company 910 

>nes.  Frank 848 


enoedy.  David,  Dr. ; «.«.  906 

Itchel.a  B 908 

Ing  A  Company,  J.  B 985 

agonda  Manufacturipg  Company 910 

araed  Carter  Company. Second  Cover 

(846) 


Page 

Loewensteln  A  Bro.,  M 940 

Mack  A  Company 926 

Mall  Pouch  Tobaooo Fourth  Cover 

Masury  A  Son 918 

MayManton  Pattern  Company 909 

MfCreenr  A  Company 904 

McLaughlin  A  Company 846 

McCabe  Maiiuracturing  Company 910 

McCall  Company 928 

More  A  Company,  M.  E « 911 

Mengel  Box  Company 919 

Michigan  State  Telephone  Company 846 

Moerleln  Brewing  Company „ ^,„^,  928 

MorrilL  Charies 986 

Morse  Twist  Drill  and  Machine  Company 886 

Mundy,  J.  S 918 

Muralo  Company ^ 914 

Narraganaett  Brew.  Company « ......Fourth  Cover 

National  Powder  Company 918 

Natural  Food  Company ^ «....  887 

Naups  Bros.  Company «...«..  92» 

Neversllp  Manufacturing  Company 980 

New  York  Belting  A  Packing  Company 914 

North  Brothers  Manu&cturing  Company 918 

Nungesser  Electric  Battery  Company 924 

Ohio  Tool  Company ^ «..  911 

Oneida  Steel  Pulley  Company 986 

Patent  Cereals  Company 981 

People's  Security  Company 916 

Pfoudler  Company 926 

Philadelphia  Electric  Company ^„ 982 

Pompelan  Manufacturing  Company... 846 

Poughkeepsle  Queen  Undermuslln  Company 986 

Pratt  Chuck  Company ,^„^ 916 

Prentiss  Vise  Company 922 

Prltohard-Strong  Company 928 

Prudential  Life  Insurance  Company 888 

Reading  Hardware  Company 921 

Red  Star  Yeast  Company _ 846 

Reed  A  Bam^tt  (Park  Avenue  Hotel) 907 

Rhode  Island  Perkins  Horseshoe  Company 980 

Rochester  Last  Works 926 

Ros8en«1ale-Reddaway  Belting  Ck>mpany 929 

Royal  Baking  Powder  Company 902 

Ruppert,  J 914 

Rubberset  Brush  Company ^ 888 

Sandusky  Tool  0>mpany 888 

Safety  Insulated  Wire  Company 922 

Scriven  Company,  J.  A ^ 886 

Slegel-Cooper  (company Third  Cover 

Simmons  Company,  John ^ 884 

Southern  Bitullthlc  Company ^^ 988 

Springfield  Elastic  Tread  Company 980 

Standard  Mill  Supply  Company 927 

Star  Hotel 969 

Stelnway  A  Sons 961 

Stone's  Big  Stores ^..  988 

Stowell  Manufacturing  Company ^.^ 986 

Strauss,  Prita  A  Company 912 

Strouse,  Adier  A  Company 910 

Sweet-Orr  &  Company .-^.Thlrd  Cover 

Tailors.  Journeymen 982 

The  20th  Century  Manufticturing  Ck>mpany 928 

Union  Collar  Ck>mpany ^ 910 

Union  (}as  and  Electric  Ck>mpany 924 

Underwood  Typewriter  Company 842 

United  States  Rubber Ck>mpany 884 

Ware-Kramer  Tobacco  Company 988 

Washington  Brewing  Company 984 

Washington  Loan  and  Trust  Company 978 

Whltln  Machine  Works 889 

Whltmore  Manufacturing  Company 984 

Whitman  A  Barnes  Manufacturing  0>mpany 842 

Wlederhold  A  (^nvpany,  John 986 

Wllley  Company,  C.  A ^ 918 

Williams  Bros.  Company 926 

Williams  Company,  J.  H 926 

Wlnslow  Soothing  Syrup ^„...  940    . 

Wood  Mosaic  Flooring  Company 8S8 

Woonsocket  Machine  and  Press  Company 987 

Worcester  Brewing  Company 927 

Wright  A  Taylor 908 

Wright  Lumber  Compnny 911    ^ 

Yellow  Pine  company OlgttfeetfbyVc^OOgle 


846 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Red  Star 

COnPKBSSBD 

Yeast 
Co. 

nilwaukee. 

Wis. 


I  Michigan  State  Telephone  I 
Company  | 

iGeiitrral  Off  CCS     -     iKtruit.  A\icli. 
OrUKATES  AM)  CONNHCIS  Willi 


After  your  day's  work 

NOTHING  is  MORE  REFRESHING 
THAN  A  FACIAL  MASSAGE  tritit 


^.OD  EXCHANGES  IN 
MICHIGAN 

1I8.C74  SUBSCRIBERS 
WITHIN  THE  STATE 

ALSO    CONNECTS    WITH    ALL    CITIES 

AND    TOWNS    IN    THE    UNITED 

STATES  BY  DIRECT  WIRE. 

GOOD  SERVICE 
AND  REASONABLE  RATES 

APPLY  TO  ANY  MANAGER  FOR 
INFORMATION. 


Pompeian 
Massage  Cream 


9 
I 

I 
I 


3T  REMOVES  imbedded  pore-dirt  and 
grease  that  toap  cannot  reach — and  m 
addition  it  increases  the  blood  circula- 
tion, relaxes  the  muscles,  and  makes  the 
flesh  firm  and  the  complexion  <Iear. 
CDo  not  allow  your  druggist  to  sell  you 
an  imitation  nor  let  your  barber  use  a  sub- 
stitute. Imitations  do  not  do  the  work, 
and  may  do  harm.  Look  for  the  trade 
mark  on  the  bottle  and  see  that  the  word 
Pompeian  Is  there. 

^Send/or /re0  sample. 


The  Pompeian  Mfg  Company 


98  Prospect  Street 


Clereland,  Ohio 


McLaughlin's  XX XX  Coffee 


Popular  for  Its 

Real  Goodness  and 

Reasonable  Price 


Mr.  F 


ROASTED  RIGHT 
UNION  LABOR 

Digitized  by  VjO'OQIC 
1II.IN  A  COMPANY,  CHICAGO,  ICX.. 


American  Federationist 

SAMUEL  OOMPERS,  Editor 
Official  Magazine  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 

1907 

Contents  for  November. 

Panama  Canal  Conditions S49 

By  GERTRUDE  BEEKS. 

Canadian  Anti-Asiatic  Demonstration       .        ...        £66 

By  M.  GRANT  HAMILTON. 

EDITORIAL 870 

By  SAMUEL  GOMPBRS,  Prendeni,  American  Federation  of  Labor. 

The  Norfolk  Conventioti. 

Taft,  the  injunction  Candidate. 

Is  the  Boycott  Un-American? 

Labor  and  Its  Attitude  Toward  Trubts. 

What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing      ....  887 

Extracts  from  Constitution  of  Oklahoma  .  897 

Official 899 

Financial  Statement 


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UNION  LABEL  BULLETIN. 

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DEMAND  THE  UNION  LABEL. 


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DEVOTKD  TO  THE  INTERESTS  AND  VOICING  THS  DEMANDS  OF  TMK 
TRADE  UNION  MOVEMENT 


V<J.XIV. 


NOVEMBER,  S907. 


No.  U 


Panama  Canal  Conditions. 


By  Gertrude  Beeks. 


Introduction  and  comment  by  Eva  McDonald  Valbsh. 


THE  following  extracts  are  made 
from  the  recent  report  on  Panama 
Canal  conditions  by  Miss  Gertrude 
Beeks,  Secretary  of  the  Welfare 
Department  of  the  National  Civic 
Federation.  She  was  authorized  by  Secre- 
tary Taft  to  undertake  this  work.  Her  in- 
vestigation covered  ^  period  of  five  weeks 
from  the  time  of  leaving  New  York  until 
her  return,  and  23  days  were  spent  on  the 
Isthmus.  The  investigation  into  the  sur- 
roundings of  the  employes  of  the  United 
States  government  on  the  Isthmus  of 
Panama  included  arrangements  for  housing, 
feeding,  amusement,  social  life,  and  other 
matters  attending  employment. 

The  principal  topics  touched  upon  in  the 
report  are: 

Climate;  housing;  drying  rooms;  walks 
and  roads;  street  paving,  sewerage  and 
water  systems;  electric  light;  food;  farming; 
commissaries;  laundries;  ice  plant;  bakery; 
hospitals;  rain  sheds;  recreation;  schools; 
churches;  regulation  of  liquor  traffic;  jails; 
passes  on  the  Panama  railrottd;  transporta- 


tion service;  some  of  the  labor  conditions; 
the  "Canal  Zone  News;"  a  suggestion  sys- 
tem; boat  service. 

The  whole  report  is  very  interesting  and 
informing.  The  style  is  mostly  descriptive 
with  perhaps  fewer  statistics  than  are 
needed  to  give  a  clear  comprehension  of  ac- 
tual conditions — at  least,  in  the  few  cases 
where  figures  are  given,  they  add  greatly 
to  the  understanding  of  the  subject  dis- 
cussed— but  the  report  has  a  charm  seldom 
found  in  documents  of  this  character.  Miss 
Beeks  has  managed  to  give  * 'atmosphere" 
to  her  description.  One  clearly  visions  the 
places  of  which  she  speaks.  This  is  a  most 
difficult  thing  to  do,  and  by  its  accomplish- 
ment Miss  Beeks  makes  her  report  as 
pleasant  reading  as  though  it  were  designed 
merely  to  interest  and  amuse.  The  serious 
purpose  is  there,  however,  and  the  writer 
does  not  hesitate  \o  point  out  bad  condi- 
tions in  the  plainest  and  most  graphic  lan- 
guage. Her  natural  optimism  and  cheeri- 
ness  are  such,  however,  that  the  com- 
mentator has  ventured  to  italicize  some  of 


(849) 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


850 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


the  unsatisfactory  conditions  in  order  that 
they  may  stand  out  more  plainly  from  the 
text. 

Within  the  limits  of  space  here  per- 
mitted are  presented  those  portions  of  the 
report  which  appeal  most  towage-workers. 
It  is  not  possible  in  every  case  to  quote  all 
that  is  said,  but  the  effort  has  been  made  to 
omit  nothing  which  has  any  serious  bearing 
on  the  topic  discussed. 

The  report  gives  evidence  of  most  careful, 
thorough,  and  intelligent  work.  It  is  well 
worth  reading  in  its  entirety.  It  is  written  in 
a  most  impartial  and  dispassionate  spirit. 
There  are  many  attractive  pictures  pre- 
sented, yet  when  one  computes  to  what  a 
small  number  of  employes  these  apply,  it 
is  clear  that  there  is  still  much  to  be  done 
in  O4  Jer  to  make  the  Isthmus  a  desirable 
place,  of  employment. 

Even  without  statistics  at  hand  it  strikes 
one  as  strange  after  reading  this  report 
that  such  immense  amounts  of  money 
should  have  been  spent  by  the  government 
and  that  there  should  be  so  little  to  show 
for  it  in  the  way  employes  are  housed  and 
fed  and  conditions  under  which  they  work 
and  live. 

It  appears  that  while  the  Isthmus  may 
be  lacking  amusements  and  many  of  the 
comforts  of  life  for  its  employes  the 
standard  of  health  is  much  higher 
than  had  been  supposed.  The  figures 
given  in  this  connection  arevery  instructive 
and  the  comparatively  small  amount  of 
sickness  is  the  more  remarkable  when  one 
reads  that  the  water  supply  is  not  yet 
entirely  satisfactory  and  that  adequate 
precautions  are  not  taken  against  malaria. 
The  climate  is  said  to  be  quite  as  agreeable 
as  in  some  portions  of  the  United  States. 
The  writer  strikes  the  key  note  of  the  re- 
port in  the  following  paragraph  and  then 
goes  on  to  discuss  the  various  subjects 
which  presented  themselves  for  considera- 
tion: 


"  'Thiu)^s  are  improviug  right  along!' 
This  sentence  was  heard  constantly,  a^ 
vvt'll  as,  'There  will  be  no  kick  coming^  as 
long  as  it  can  be  seen  tliat  needed  ch/inges 
are  hifing  tmde/  II  is  recog:ni2ed  that 
*everythin|^  cannot  he  accomplished  in  a 
tniniite/ 

Miny  of  the  complaints  w^ilh  reference 
to  hou^inj^,  food  and  conditions  of  employ- 
ment, in  addition  to    those  about  bad  boat 


service,  have  undoubtedly  been  warranted. 

In  view  of  the  changes  transpiring  at 
the  present  time  it  seems  unfair  to  offer 
criticisms,  but  an  effort  will  be  made  to 
present  conditions  as  they  are  today,  giving 
credit  for  contemplated  changes  and  offer- 
ing some  suggestions  for  further  improve- 
ments. 

The  quarters  of  the  employes  are  of 
several  types.  There  are  houses  for  married 
employes,  American  whites,  Europeans  and 
West  Indian  negroes;  barracks  (for  bach- 
elors who  are  clerks  or  American  mechan- 
ics) which  contain  several  rooms,  each 
holding  from  two  to  four  men;  dormitory' 
barracks  for  Europeans,  in  which  there 
are  cot  bunks — 60,  72  or  84  in  each  house — 
and  similar  separate  dormitory  barracks 
for  West  Indians.  Adjacent  to  the  mess 
halls  or  *'  hotels,**  as  they  are  called,  there 
are  separate  barracks  in  each  camp  for  the 
hotel  help.  At  the  hospitals,  located  at 
Ancon  and  Colon,  there  are  separate  dor- 
mitories for  bachelors — doctors  and  clerks — 
for  women  nurses,  for  men  attendants, 
orderlies,  maids  and  other  employes. 

The  newly  constructed  buildings  are  ex- 
ceedingly attractive.  There  are  not  many 
manufacturing  villages  presenting  an  ap- 
pearance so  beautiful,  and  it  is  certainly  an 
innovation  in  construction  work.  Many 
of  the  old  French  houses  have  been  remod- 
eled and  painted  the  standard  color  used 
on  the  Zone — gray  with  white  trimmings. 
and  red  roofs.  The  houses  are  built  00 
posts.  The  government  supplies  garbage 
cans,  not  only  for  its  employes  at  all  the 
camps,  but  also  throughout  the  cities  of 
Panama  and  Colon.  Streets  and  grounds, 
even  under  quarters,  are  kept  perfectly 
free  from  rubbish  of  any  description. 
Would  that  our  streets  and  back  yards  in 
the  United  States  were  as  clean!  The  set- 
tlements are  so  attractive  that  one  making 
a  short  stay  upon  the  Zone,  and  thus  get- 
ting a  superficial  view,  would  most  likely 
exclaim:  'These  men  are  getting  all  tb«L^ 
there  is  coming  to  them/*  which  e%| 
si  on  was  made  recently  by  &Qclt  a  cmstial  j 
observer. 

All  quarters,  both  "married **  and  bieli- 
elor.  for  Aniericans,  have  wide  veratKltos 
One  type  of  married  quartern  contains 
rooms  across  the  front— one  a  liv»H|£ 
luid  the  other  a  sleeping  room.  In  the  left- 
hand  corner  of  the  rear /thei^ri&jf  bath;  Icrl 


PANAMA  CANAL  CONDI!  IONS 


851 


the  right-hand  corner  a  small  kitchen,  and 
l)etween  them  there  is  a  large  open  dining- 
room,  the  end  often  affording  a  beautiful 
view  and  being  covered  with  wire  screen. 
The  windows  and  verandas  are  screened. 

The  bachelors*  quarters,  as  well  as  the 
"married*'  quarters,  for  Americans,  con- 
tain shower  baths,  although  with  co/d  waUr 
only,  and  toilet  arrangements  with  modern 
plumbing.  Cold  shower  baths  are  not  ad- 
visable for  family  use.  Tub  baths  should 
be  installed  in  all  married  quarters  con- 
structed in  future,  and  it  would  be  well  to 
have  for  sale  at  the  commissaries'  movable 
bathtubs  for  those  who  already  ha^e 
shower  baths  installed.  Families  may  have 
water  heated  on  their  cook  stoves.  All  men 
can  not  use  a  cold  shower  bath,  for  it  chills 
them,  especially  if  overheated  at  the  close 
of  the  day's  work,  and  that  is  the  time 
when  the  bath  is  most  needed,  because  shop 
men.  engineers,  and  others  find  it  difl5cult 
to  remove  grease  with  cold  water,  and 
bachelors  have  noway  of  obtaining  it  hot. 
Even  in  the  morning  many  men  can  not 
endure  the  cold  water  showers. 

The  government  furnishes  quarters,  fur- 
niture, and  light  free  to  all.  The  married 
employes  also  receive  free  fuel,  and  distilled 
drinking  water  is  delivered  to  their  homes 
in  some  of  the  camps.  //  should  be  provided 
in  all.  Ice  is  carried  to  each  camp  from  the 
Colon  commissary  every  morning.  It  is 
sold  to  the  employes.  There  is  a  great  deal 
of  complaint  about  short  weight. 

The  allotment  of  furniture  for  homes  and 
bachelors*  quarters  is: 

Family  Quarters. 

One  range  one  refrigerator,  one  double 
bed,  two  pillows,  one  kitchen  table,  two 
kitchen  chairs,  one  dining  table,  one  side- 
board, one  chiflFonier,  one  dresser,  one  bed- 
room table,  one  towel  rack,  one  bedroom 
mat,  one  bedroom  mirror,  one  mosquito  bar. 
three  parlor  wicker  rockers,  one  parlor  cen- 
ter table,  two  porch  chairs. 

Bachelor  Quarters. 

One  single  bed,  one  dresser,  one  chiffo- 
nier (for  room  two  bachelors),  one  20  by  30 
table,  one  rocker  (for  room  two  bachelors), 
one  towel  rack,  one  mosquito  bar,  one  stu- 
dent lamp  (if  no  electric  light),  one  mat- 
tress, three  chairs. 


Mission  and  wicker  furniture  are  used  to 
a  great  extent  in  both  married  and  bache- 
lor quarters  for  Americans.  It  is  agreeably 
surprising  to  find  the  artistic  and  beautiful 
thus  given  consideration.  All  are  required 
to  buy  blankets,  sheets,  and  pillowcases 
and  pay  cost  of  laundering  them.  Married 
employes  furnish  their  own  kitchen  uten- 
sils and  china. 

The  appreciation  of  the  recently  arrived 
housewife  upon  finding  pleasing  quarters 
may  be  illustrated  by  the  experience  of  a 
bride  of  two  months,  the  wife  of  a  loco- 
motive engineer.  This  sweet,  cultivated 
woman,  previously  a  school  teacher  in  the 
state  of  Ohio,  arrived  upon  the  Isthmus 
the  13th  of  June,  expecting  to  endure 
rough  camp  life.  When  she  entered  her 
pretty  cottage,  she  simply  sat  and  looked 
at  it,  "because  it  was  so  beautiful;"  and 
yet  it  was  not  as  attractive  as  some,  for  she 
had  golden  oak  instead  of  mission  furniture. 

To  give  the  impression  that  all  are  so 
agreeably  surpised  would  be  incorrect.  For 
instance,  a  steam  shovel  man,  after  the  en- 
durance of  early  hardships  and  two  years 
of  service,  took  down  his  family  in  June. 
They  transported  many  of  their  household 
effects  from  the  states,  looking  forward  to 
a  long  residence  on  the  Isthmus,  so  well 
satisfied  was  this  man.  The  wife — a  gentle, 
refined  woman — met  cruel  disappointment, 
for,  in  this  case,  the  assignment  of  married 
quarters  was  a  box  car! 

Still,  phepomenal  changes,  during  the 
past  two  years,  have  been  made,  and  it  is 
granted  by  all  that  even  during  the  last 
six  months  there  has  been  great  improve- 
ment in  conditions. 

Some  Experiences  of  Pioneers. 

The  experience  of  some  of  the  * 'pio- 
neers,** those  who  have  been  there  two 
years,  may  afford  an  idea  of  the  transforma- 
tion which  has  taken  place  in  that  period. 
To  be  assigned  an  old  French  house,  with- 
out mosquito  netting,  without  plumbing, 
and  with  an  attic  containing  bats  and  rats 
and  all  sorts  of  objectionable  creatures 
which  *  *  had  a  merry-go-round  every  night,  *  * 
was  common,  and  it  was  necessary  to  walk 
through  the  jungle,  coming  in  contact  with 
its  dangerous  fungi  and  bugs,  to  reach  the 
house. 

The  sixth  American  woman  to  take  her 
residence  upon  the  zone  stated  with  refer- 
ence  to  conditions  two  y«f^rs  ajo:  ^^pa  ^ 


852 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


from  Colon  to  Culebra  the  train  brushed 
the  jungle  and  the  odor  from  the  rank 
vegetation  was  sickening.  I  was  away  for 
a  time  and  when  I  came  back  and  saw  the 
new  houses,  the  sanitary  arrangements, 
the  double  railroad  track,  and  the  jungle 
cleared  away,  it  seemed  miraculous.  When 
I  was  here  the  first  time  I  could  not  even 
buy  such  a  thing  as  a  washtub,  and  one  of 
the  carpenters  took  a  crude  oil  barrel,  cut 
it  in  two  ^nd  burned  it  out  for  my  use.  I 
had  the  first  cook  stove,  but  when  it  was 
set  up  I  could  not  get  a  stovepipe  and  so 
the  men  made  one  of  solid  copper  from 
portions  of  machinery  which  had  been  left 
by  the  French.  I  was  fortunate  enough  to 
bring  with  me  a  meat  chopper  and  it  went 
around  the  entire  Isthmus  as  a  loan.  When 
I  went  away  I  sold  my  effects  and  every 
one  was  so  anxious  to  get  the  meat  chopper 
that  it  was  run  up  to  $5  before  I  knew 
what  was  happening,  although  I  had  only 
paid  89  cents  for  it,  and  the  rest  of  the 
women  were  all  so  angry  at  each  other  and 
the  lucky  purchaser  that  they  would  not 
speak.'* 

One  woman  took  down  a  mirror  and 
found  that  her  neighbor,  who  borrowed  it, 
had  not  seen  her  likeness  during  her  resi- 
dence of  three  months!  Such  incidents,  both 
serious  and  amusing,  are  related  of  early 
conditions.  Ice  was  unheard  of,  and  yet 
we  took  down  one  hundred  sets  of  wire 
snow  brushes  for  use  on  the  railroad,  but, 
unlike  the  French,  who,  it  was  authori- 
tatively stated,  provided  snow  plows,  we 
were  able  to  put  the  erroneously  ordered 
utensils  to  good  use  in  the  foundries. 

Bachelors,  three,  and  even  two  years  ago, 
were  glad  to  get  quarters  at  very  high 
prices  in  the  city  of  Panama  or  Colon, 
which  would  seem  to  the  average  indivi- 
dual to  be  quite  uninhabitable.  One  said: 
**When  I  came  here,  two  years  ago,  I  slept 
on  the  floor  for  three  nights.  Sometimes 
the  men  would  have  to  wait  fifteen  days 
for  mosquito  netting.  There  have  been 
vast  improvements."  Water  was  so  scarce 
that  it  was  necessary  to  pay  from  40  to 
60  cents  a  can.  even  for  bathing  pur- 
poses, and  to  arrange  the  night  before  for 
the  morning's  bath.  The  price  of  board 
was  excessive,  and  yet  one  nearly  starved. 
Employes  stated  that  food  contained  mag- 
gots, and  eggs  had  to  be  fried  or  scrambled 
because  it  was  not  "safe  to  boil  them." 
As  one  superintendent  ««»'^-     "A  man  was 


lucky  to  have  a  tent  in  which  to  sleep.  A 
common  remark  was,  *We'll  never  have 
any  homes!'  It  is  a  diflFerent  world  now. 
The  only  music  we  heard  was,  *Lead. 
Kindly  Light.'  I  took  care  of  a  man  three 
days  without  knowing  that  he  had  yeilom- 
fever,  and  was  pallbearer  six  times  in 
three  weeks."  As  another  put  it:  *'To  ask 
for  a  man  and  learn  he  had  died  from  yel- 
low fever  the  day  before  was  a  constantly 
unnerving  experience.  The  depressing 
effect  of  frequent  funeral  processions  caused 
one  to  stand  on  the  wharf  and  think, 
'Shall  I  go  or  shall  I  stay?'" 

Conditions  are,  indeed,  miraculously 
changed,  but  ihere  are  improvetnenis  yet  to 
be  made  for  health  and  comfort. 

Quarters  Inadequate, 

Although  the  quarters  are  inadequate. 
and  will  be.  it  is  estimated,  for  a  year  to 
come,  it  is  now  possible  to  shelter  all  Isth- 
mian Canal  employes  without  the  use  of 
tents,  except  in  a  few.  instances,  and  espe- 
cially when  opening  up  a  new  piece  of 
work.  But  it  is  unfortunate  that  i.ooo  men 
in  the  construction  gangs  of  the  railrotui  are 
quartered  in  box  cars,  16  bfeing  the  number 
alloted  to  each,  although  it  is  admitted  that 
more  sometimes  * 'crowd  in  them."  It 
would  be  expected  that  small  numbers  re- 
quired in  maintenance- of- way  crews  could 
be  quartered  in  no  other  way.  A  ieyv  men 
live  in  house  boats  on  the  old  French  canal, 
where  there  is  dredging  to  be  done. 

There  is  great  need  for  additional  family 
houses.  Married  men  are  not  contented  to 
remain  upon  the  Zone,  as  a  rule,  without 
their  families,  and  through  inability  to  get 
married  quarters,  there  have  been  lost  many 
competent  men.  Applications  for  married 
quarters  still  unfilled  have  been  on  file  for 
more  than  a  year.  Attention  was  directed 
by  competent  investigators  to  the  special 
need  of  married  quarters  two  years  ago 
and  they  should  have  been  constructed  in 
larger  numbers  more  rapidly.  It  has  been 
proven  that  the  Isthmus  is  not  altogether 
an  undesirable  place  to  live,  and  many  men 
are  anxious  to  take  down  their  families. 
There  was  a  rule  requiring  each  employe 
to  have  an  application  on  file  for  six  months 
before  being  awarded  married  quarters,  as- 
signments to  be  made  in  chronologic^  order 
as  filed.  A  new  rule  has  just  been  adopted 
permitting  the  men  to  make  application  for 
married  quarters  upon  tak^g^^^inrioyment. 


PANAMA  CANAL  CONDITIONS 


853 


but  its  effect  can  not  be  felt  for  some  time  un- 
less a  supreme  effort  is  made  to  provide  ad- 
ditional quarters,  and  the  notice  just  posted 
is  not  cheering,  for  it  states:  '"Experienu 
shows  that  about  ten  months  elapse  between 
applications  for  and  assignment  of  married 
quarters, '  * 

The  outlook  is  very  discouraging,  owing 
to  the  shortage  of  lumber.     One  boatload 
of  1  »300,000  feet  has  just  been  lost  en  route 
from  New  York.     It   is  estimated  that  it 
will  take  six  months  to  duplicate  that  ship- 
load, because  lumber  is  in  such  great  de- 
mand in  the  States.     The  law  requires  the 
advertising  of  proposed  purchases  and  se- 
curing of  bids.     It  is  necessary  to  plan  six 
months  ahead  on  materials,  for  so  far  it  has 
taken  that   long  to  complete  transactions 
and  secure  delivery.     Shortage  of  materials 
seems  to  be  due  partly  to  slow  methods  of 
purchasing  and  lack  of  foresight  in  order- 
ing; and«  according  to  sentiment  at  Panama, 
the  purchasing  department  in  Washington, 
too  remote  to  be  able  to  judge  of  Isthmian 
needs,  has   interfered   by  cutting   requisi- 
tions.    Until  we  can   catch  up  a  little,  it 
would  be  well  if  a  way  could  be  found  to 
pay  the  premium  which  will   secure  early 
delivery.     As  it  is,  the  purchaser  in  the 
States  gets  the  preference  in  deliveries  be- 
cause he  is  '*on  the  spot,"  and  the  seller 
finds  it  less  disagreeable  to  be  upbraided  for 
failure  to  deliver  on  contract  time  by  the 
canal  authorities  2,000  miles  away!     //  is 
very  difficult  for  the  onlooker  to  have  patience 
with  the  long  delays  which  ate  being  endured 
in  this  and  other  connections,  and  how  much 
icorse  is  it  for  those  who  are  participating  in 
the  discomforts  attendant! 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  it  must  be  admit- 
ted that  the  canal  zone  has  become  a  com- 
munity and  no  longer  simply  affords  con- 
struction camp  life,  it  is  urgent  to  provide  . 
adequate  quarters  for  American  families  and 
bachelors  at  the  earliest  possible  moment.  It 
seems  as  though  some  extreme  measures 
should  betaken  to  meet  this  need,  and  that 
the  United  States  should  not  be  obliged  to 
wait  a  year  to  provide  living  accommoda- 
tions. It  costs  the  government  large  sums 
to  take  new  men  constantly  to  the  Isthmus, 
transportation,  fare,  and  wages  from  time  of 
embarkation  being  met  by  it. 

The  first  bachelors'  quarters  to  be  con- 
structed have  permitted  four  beds  in  a  room 


of  good  size.  The  recently  adopted  stand- 
ard type  allows  but  two  in  a  room,  which 
is  a  great  improvement,  each  building  con- 
taining 24  rooms  and  accommodating 
altogether  48  men.  But  many  are  sleep- 
ing four  in  a  room.  While  it  must  be  ex- 
pected that  some  hardships  are  to  be  en- 
dured in  connection  with  such  an  under- 
taking, at  the  earliest  possible  moment  it 
should  be  arranged  that  not  more  than  two 
men  shall  occupy  a  room  in  any  building. 
It  is  diflficult  to  place  congenial  ones  to- 
gether, and.* 'congenial**  there  means  more 
than  elsewhere,  for  Ihere  are  many  types  of 
men.  One  becomes  nervous  in  that  climate, 
and  men  coming  in  late  at  night  disturb 
the  sleeper.  Then  again,  if  one  be  studious 
it  is  trying  to  be  interrupted  by  compan- 
ions. It  is  not  agreeable  for  one  who  does 
not  drink  to  be  placed  with  those  who  have 
more  liberal  views  upon  that  subject.  If  a 
man  be  ill  in  the  night  he  will  disturb  the 
others.  All  this  reacts  upon  the  work, 
for  the  men  can  not  be  in  a  cheerful  frame 
of  mind  or  in  the  best  condition  to  labor 
when  so  irritated  and  suffering  from  lack 
of  sleep,  and  it  seems  to  be  more  necessary 
to  have  plenty  of  sleep  in  that  climate  than 
elsewhere.  It  helps  to  prevent  nervous- 
ness and  ill  temper.  A  few  have  no  ob- 
jection to  sleeping  four  in  a  room,  but,  for 
the  most  part,  it  is  obnoxious.  Occasion- 
ally a  man  will  have  a  room  alone,  but 
very  few  are  so  favored.  The  inclination 
to  be  alone  is  well  illustrated  by  the  case  of 
one  man  sleeping  in  a  room  containing 
fleas  and  bedbugs.  Offered  quarters  with 
four  in  room  elsewhere,  he  chose  between 
the  two  evils  to  room  with  the  vermin. 

The  housewife  finds  her  greatest  diflficulty 
in  combatting  dampness.  The  airing  of 
garments  and  bed-clothing,  which  soon  be- 
come moldy  and  musty,  is  constantly  neces- 
sary in  the  wet  season.  It  is  exceedingly 
disagreeable,  if  not  unhealthful,  to  lie  upon 
a  musty  pillow,  for  instance,  and  it  requires 
perpetual  effort  to  care  for  woolen  clothing, 
shoes,  and  other  apparel. 

It  is  even  a  greater  hardship  for  the 
bachelor,  who  has  no  way  of  drying  his  wet 
garments  after  being  at  work  in  the  rain  daily 
eight  months  in  the  year.  The  housewife 
may  dry  the  garments  of  the  husband  at 
the  kitchen  stove,  but  the  bachelor  has  no 
way  of  caring  for  his.    At  the  homes  ofthe 


Digitized  by 


mes  ot  tne,  ^ 
\3OOgle 


854 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


officials  there  are  drying  rooms  over  kitch- 
ens, receiving  the  heat  therefrom.  It  is 
vital  to  health  that  there  should  be  ar- 
ranged some  system  for  drying  bachelors' 
clothes.'  For  the  American  bachelors 
there  might  be  a  shanty  constructed,  cen- 
trally located,  and  heated  periodically  for 
this  purpose.  It  would  be  better  to  have 
in  each  building  where  American  bachelors 
reside  a  room  set  aside  for  that  purpose. 
A  good  arrangement  would  be  ventilated 
metal  lockers  with  heating  apparatus  un- 
derneath. In  this  way  the  garments  could 
be  kept  locked  in  individual  compartments 
to  prevent  stealing.  The  quarters  would 
have  better  appearance  than  now,  for,  as  it 
is,  the  clothes  must  be  kept,  if  hung  at  all. 
on  the  walls  in  the  sleeping  rooms  or  on 
lines  above  the  beds.  Otherwise  they  are 
in  trunks.  A  rule  provides  that  there  shall 
be  no  clothes'  lines  on  the  verandas.  A 
man  can  not  hang  his  clothes  out  of  doors 
and  leave  them  there  while  at  work,  be- 
cause rain  is  almost  sure  to  fall  during  the 
day.  If  left  in  the  quarters  damp  they 
soon  accumulate  mold.  The  lockers  would 
have  to  be  of  material  so  treated  as  to  en- 
dure moisture  in  the  atmosphere.  The 
recommendation  relative  to  drying  rooms 
was  presented,  with  others,  to  Colonel 
Goethals  and  is  receiving  consideration. 

Another  serious  difficulty  is  the  existence 
of  bedbugs  to  such  a  degree  as  to  cause 
serious  discomfort.  A  man  can  not  endure 
such  discomfort  at  night  and  be  in  a  con- 
tented frame  of  mind  during  the  day  while 
at  work.  Cockroaches  and  fleas' are  also 
very  numerous  in  the  quarters,  and  flies 
are  exceedingly  troublesome  in  the  mess 
halls.  One  wonders  if  the  subject  of  eradi- 
cating vermin  in  the  tropics  might  not 
receive  such  scientific  consideration  as  lias 
been  directed  to  pests  which  have  annoyed 
farmers.  The  ordinary  methods  of  fumiga- 
tion are  pursued.  The  men  claim  that 
much  of  the  trouble  is  due  to  poor  janitor 
service;  that  if  individuals  clean  their  own 
rooms  bugs  go  from  other  quarters  in  the 
same  building,  and  that  it  is  only  by  paying 
the  janitors  extra  that  they  secure  good 
service. 

During  the  rainy  season  mud  is  accumu- 
lated upon  the  boots  to  such  a  great  extent 
as  to  make  housekeeping  exceedingly  diffi- 


cult. This  necessitates  much  scrubbing. 
The  difficulty  of  securing  servants  among 
Jamaicans  willing  to  undertake  general 
housework  necessitates  very  hard  work  on 
the  part  of  the  housewife.  If  one  will  wash 
she  will  not  iron.  One  who  will  iron  wiU 
not  cook,  etc.  By  keeping  two  servants, 
the  housework  will  be  lightened,  but,  as 
almost  all  have  gone  there  to  save  money, 
or,  as  they  put  it,  ''to  make  their  stake" 
and  "be  able  to  take  it  a  little  easier  when 
they  return  to  the  States."  few  care  to 
meet  the  expense  of  two  servants. 

It  is  complained  that  janitor  service  is 
far  from  satisfactory  in  the  bachelors*  quar- 
ters. In  addition  to  illustrations  given, 
perfectly  reputable  men  claimed  Ihal  a  mop 
had  never  been  used  in  their  rooms.  It  Ttfas 
stated  that  there  never  had  been  so  much  clean- 
ing done  as  during  this  investigation,  and  thit 
everybody  had  been  kept  **hustling."  Stich 
activity  was  probably  due  to  the  introduc- 
tion of  a  more  rigid  system  of  inspection  of 
camps,  i.  e.,  the  military  system. 

Shortage  of  Furniture. 

There  was  much  dissatisfaction  among 
American  bachelors  who  were  sleeping  upon 
cots.  All  were  promised  beds,  but  many 
had  not  yet  received  them.  In  some  in- 
stances when  beds  have  been  vacated  by 
men  leaving  the  service  those  with  cots 
have  simply  taken  such  beds,  and  this  cus- 
tom of  **  robbing  vacated  quarters'*  has 
also  obtained  among  the  married  residents. 
This  should  not  be  necessary  with  proper 
supervision  of  quarters.  Promises  arc 
made  which  are  as  quickly  forgotten,  it  is 
claimed.  Some  who  have  been  there  for  a 
year  have  not  their  full  quota  of  furniture 
yet. 

An  estimate  of  the  amount  of  furniture 
which  will  be  required  to  care  for  the  great- 
est number  of  employes,  which  is  now 
about  determined  as  a  permanent  force, 
should  be  made  and  furniture  for  that  nuai- 
ber  secured.  In  making  this  estimate  ad- 
ditional married  quarters  to  a  liberal  extent 
and  more  bachelors*  quarters  to  ob\nate 
having  more  than  two  in  a  room  should  be 
taken  into  consideration. 

There  must  be  a  poor  system  of  inspection 
of  materials,  for  types  ordered  are  not  re- 
ceived. For  instance,  copper  screen  is  re- 
quired in  that  climate,  where  ever>thing 
rusts,  and  yet  iron  screen  has  been  received 
largely.     It  ^^^^^^^1^<t^^  q«"- 


PANAMA  CANAL  CONDITIONS 


855 


ters  and  hospitals  to  have  split  in  a  few 
weeks.  It  has  been  accepted  in  a  spirit  of 
desperation  as  better  than  nothing. 

Glued  furniture  can  not  be  used  there 
because  of  the  moisture,  and  yet  it  has 
been  substituted  by  the  best  firms  for  the 
**  knock-down*'  type  ordered,  which  can 
be  pegj^ed.  £ven  a  great  drug  company  has 
seni  adulterated  medicines  for  our  sick. 

Now,  bad  screens  and  furniture  are  put 
into  temporary  use,  but  contractors  are 
being  informed  that  such  goods  must  be 
replaced  at  their  expense,  with  the  hope 
that  they  will  be  tatTght  an  effective  lesson. 

Common  Laborers^  Quarters, 

European  laborers  are  segregated,  and  so 
are  the  West  Indians.  The  quarters  are 
identical  in  construction,  each  house  being 
one  large  room,  containing  from  60  to  72 
and  84  cot3.  According  to  modern  tene- 
ment house  laws  the  air  space  should  be 
not  less  than  400  cubic  feet  for  each  adult. 
In  only  one  type  of  houses  has  that  num- 
ber been  allowed,  according  to  the  follow- 
ing estimate: 

**At  Cristobal,  84  bunks  per  house,  al- 
lowing 353  cubic  feet  per  man;  at  Taber- 
nilla,  72  bunks  per  house,  allowing  412 
cubic  feet  per  man;  the  French  Barracks 
at  Rio  Grande  contain  60  bunks  per  house, 
allowing  33O  cubic  feet  per  man.  It  is 
claimed,  and  perhaps  properly,  that  it  is 
unfair  to  make  a  comparison  between  city 
tenements  and  these  buildings  having  wide 
openings  at  roofs,  which  are  supported  by 
posts,  leaving  a  space  between  the  walls 
and  roofs,  but  this  is  submitted  as  worthy 
of  expert  advice,  especially  as  those  labor- 
ers fall  such  a  ready  prey  to  the  pulmo- 
nary malady  of  pneumonia. 

The  bunks  or  cots  are  arranged  one  over 
the  other  in  tiers  of  three.  The  majority 
of  the  cots  are  canvas,  but  many  are  made 
of  metal  lattice  work,  the  ends  of  the  fiat 
pieces  of  metal  being  joined  to  side  rods 
and  front  and  head  rods  with  springs.  The 
men  lie  on  this  metal  lattice  work  with  nothing 
underneath  them,  and  it  is  about  as  cruel  a 
system  as  could  be  devised.  It  was  oflS- 
cially  stated  that  1,000  metal  cots  were  se- 
cured as  an  experiment,  that  they  have 
now  been  adopted  as  the  standard  type, 
and  that  more  metal  cots  had  been  ordered. 
They  should  be  abolished.  All  the  cots 
are  too  narrow,  and  when  new  ones  are 
purchased  they  should  be  wider. 


For  the  purpose  of  cleanliness  the  com- 
mon laborers  are  obliged  to  keep  their  clothes 
on  a  wide  shel/ SLTonnd  the  top  of  the  rooms. 
Sometimes  they  have  them  in  bags  on  their 
cots.  It  is  very  desirable  that  the  floors 
should  be  kept  free  to  be  scrubbed,  and 
they  were  quite  clean  invariably,  but  the 
clothing  should  be  more  accessible.  The 
shelves  above  are  supposed  to  be  reached 
by  ladders,  which  do  not  always  exist.  One 
of  the  supervisors,  when  asked  how  the 
men  were  expected  to  get  their  clothes, 
stated:  **Well,  that  is  up  to  them.  They 
climb  over  the  bunks.  *  * 

It  would  be  very  desirable  to  have  venti- 
lated metal  lockers  surrounding  these  dor- 
mitories, in  which  the  men  might  keep 
their  clothes,  or  to  have  additions  built  to 
the  dormitories  for  that  purpose.  One  of 
the  greatest  causes  of  illness  is  the  wearing  of 
wet  garments.  The  Sanitary  Department  is 
urging  the  men  to  wear  dry  clothes.  How  it 
can  be  accomplished  under  the  present  con- 
ditions it  is  difficult  to  understand.  By  pro- 
viding a  system  of  lockers,  as  suggested, 
steam  pipes  could  be  put  underneath  for 
drying  the  clothes  frequently,  or  this  could 
be  done  in  the  rooms  added  for  the  keeping 
of  the  garments.  Men  who  are  out  in  the 
rainy  season  and  get  wet  daily,  as  they  do 
eight  months  in  the  year,  should  be  pro- 
vided with  drying  rooms  for  the  clothes. 
The  placing  of  damp  clothes  in  the  morning 
upon  the  warm  body  chills  it  and  causes 
illness.  When  it  was  asked  if  steam  could 
be  provided  for  such  drying  rooms  it  was 
said  that  it  would  be  impossible.  Colonel 
Goethals,  however,  took  up  the  matter  and 
found  that  it  would  be  feasible  and  had  a 
plan  drawn,  adding  a  splendid  feature  of 
his  own  conception  for  the  common  labor- 
ers. It  is  to  place  laundry  tubs  in  one  end, 
where  they  may  wash  their  clothes.  Now 
they  may  be  observed  washing  outside  their 
quarters.  He  agreed  that  the  drying  rooms 
should  be  supplied.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that 
there  may  not  be  experienced,  either  due  to 
scarcity  of  materials  or  shortage  of  labor 
in  the  building  department,  the  delays  of 
the  past,  for  this  is  of  urgent  importance. 

There  is  no  furniture  whatever,  not  even 
beyiches,  on  which  to  sit,  in  the  common  labor- 
ers^ dormitories  when  changing  clothes,  or 
when  it  rains  daytimes.  It  would  be  well 
to  have  wooden  benches.  Evenings  the 
Europeans  are  allowed  to  sit  in  the  mess 
halls,  where  they  are  prgv^df^^^^^^jg 


856 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


pen,  and  ink  for  letter  writing,  but  the 
negroes  have  no  place  to  sit. 

The  common  laborers  are  required  to  buy 
blankets,  and  consequently,  comparatively 
few  have  them.  In  the  interest  of  main- 
taining health  for  all  the  government 
should  supply  such  blankets — at  least  for 
this  class,  which  must  be  taught  how  to 
live.  They  should  be  provided  with  two 
blankets — one  for  underneath  the  body, 
which  now  has  no  protection  from  cold, 
and  one  for  a  covering.  Tkis  is  a  matter 
of  the  utmost  urgency  It  is  hard  to  un- 
derstand why  a  matter  of  such  importance 
should  not  have  received  earlier  attention. 
Aside  from  its  consideration  from  a  human- 
itarian standpoint,  it  will  be  economy  in 
the  end.  It  will  save  in  hospital  expenses 
and  in  the  cost  of  securing  fresh  supplies 
of  labor.  It  is  possible  that  the  common 
laborers  are  better  oflF  than  they  were  in 
their  own  countries,  but  that  does  not  ex- 
cuse us  for  neglecting  to  provide  essentials 
for  health. 

It  is  the  intention  to  send  the  married 
Spaniards  out  into  the  country  and  give 
them  materials  to  put  up  their  own 
quarters.  This  is  an  unfortunate  move, 
due,  it  is  said,  to  an  inadequate  building 
force.  It  is  very  important  that  quarters 
should  be  constructed  by  the  government 
for  all,  and  especially  for  the  ig^norant. 

There  are  baths  in  only  a  few  of  the  mar- 
ried quarters  for  the  common  laborers.  In 
an  early  type  of  bachelors*  dormitories  for 
this  class  baths  and  toilets  were  placed  in 
the  end  of  each,  as  in  the  dormitories  of 
hospital  attendants.  Now  there  are  sep- 
arate buildings  for  bath  houses  and  separate 
closets.  This  was  done  to  make  sure  that 
sleeping  quarters  would  be  sanitary,  for 
they  cannot  now  be  affected  when  <!)lumbing 
is  out  of  order,  but  it  does  not  seem  a  wise 
arrane^ement.  The  laborers  would  be  more 
likely  to  bathe  if  the  places  were  more  ac- 
cessible; at  least  there  should  be  wash  basins 
in  a  space  as  an  addition  to  barracks.  //  is 
probable  that  the  cold-water  shou^er  baths  ca?t 
not  safely  be  used  by  all  negroes  and  Euro- 
peans, just  as  is  the  case  with  Americans, 
and  yet  there  is  no  other  provision  for  cleanli- 
ness. As  a  safeguard  to  health  toilets 
should  be  more  accessible  for  night  use. 

With  the  exception  of  one  camp,  where 
they  have  two  rooms,  the  families  of  com- 
mon laborers  live  ifi  one  room  and  cook  in 
braziers.     There  are  special  buildings  for 


such  married  employes,  each  containiag  as 
many  as  eight  rooms,  surrounded  by  ve-  \ 
randas.     Each    family    should    have   two 
rooms. 

Location  of  New  Camps, 

In  the  location  of  camps  the  recommenda- 
tions of  the  sanitary  department  have  not 
always  been  adopted,  and  they  ha-ve  some- 
times been  placed  on  low  ground,  which  UHndi 
make  them  unhealthy,  because  proper  drainage 
was  not  feasible,  A  board  has  just  been 
established,  consisting  of  the  chief  sanitary 
officer,  a  representative  of  the  department 
of  labor,  quarters,  and  subsistence  and  of 
the  municipal  engineering  department 
(which  has  charge  of  sewers  and  the  water 
supply),  to  act  upon  the  location  of  new 
camps.  There  is  unnecessary  illness  of 
employes  at  one  camp  now  because  floors 
were  not  placed  in  tents  upon  the  request 
of  the  division  engineer;  but  after  several 
months  of  urging  they  have  been  secured. 
It  does  not  seem  possible  to  screen  tents 
which  have  to  be  used  in  pioneer  work. 

Street  Paving,  Sewerage,  and  Water  System . 

A  sewerage  system  has  been  installed 
from  one  end  of  the  Isthmus  to  the  other. 
all  the  main  work  being  completed.  It  will 
take  a  year,  according  to  estimates,  both 
in  the  water  and  sewerage  systems  to  finish 
making,  all  connections  and  the  extending 
of  pipes  to  new  camps,  but  there  will  be  no 
serious  inconvenience  on  that  account. 

Water,  for  all^  purposes,  bathing^  and 
drinking,  for  the  majority  of  the  camps,  is 
furnished  by  four  reservoirs,  the  last  one 
just  being  completed.  At  one  it  is  believed 
that  the  supply,  directly  received  from  the 
river,  will  be  ample.  There  are  parts  of 
camps  where  there  is  no  water  because  of 
delay  in  receiving  pipe.  While  it  is  true 
that  purchasers  even  in  the  United  States 
have  found  it  difficult  to  secure  materials, 
delays  seem  more  vexatious  on  the  Isthmus 
where  nothing  can  be  bought  for  temporar>* 
expedients.  As  one  official  said,  **It  does 
not  matter  whether  you  have  $100  or 
$1,000,  you  simply  can't  get  articles 
needed.'* 

The  water  supply  grew  very  scarce  to- 
ward the  end  of  the  dry  season,  but  the  in- 
crease in  the  capacity  of  the  reservoirs  will, 
it  is  expected,  obviate  that  inconvenience 
next  year.  At  the  present  time  there  is  an 
Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


PANAMA  CANAL  CONDUIONS 


857 


adequate  supply,  although  a/  iAe  new  reser- 
voir at  Gorgona^  the  water  has  been  very 
offensive^  due  to  rank  vegetation. 

It  is  not  pleasant  to  drink  the  water  with- 
out boiling;  or  distillation  any  place.  In 
fact,  it  is  quite  offensive.  It  is  claimed, 
however,  by  the  sanitary  department  that 
it  is  not  unheal thful,  and  that  there  is  less 
disease  from  impure  water  there  than  in 
the  states.  Typhoid  fever  at  present  is  con- 
fined to  the  district  between  the  camps  of 
Empire  and  Gorgona,  attributed  to  negroes 
drinking  from  streams  into  which  sewage 
flows,  instead  of  securing  water  from  the 
hydrants. 

Distillation  and  sterilizing  plants  have 
been  placed  in  some  camps  to  supply  pure 
and  palatable  drinking  water.  At  the  time 
of  this  investigation  it  was  the  intention  to 
install  one  system  or  the  other  at  all  camps 
except  where  removed  from  danger  of  con- 
tamination from  sewage.  Distillation 
should  be  adopted  in  preference  to  sterili- 
zation, and  the  work  of  installing  distilla- 
tion plants  should  be  pushed. 

In  the  camps  where  there  are  plants  for 
distillation  of  drinking  water  it  is  carried 
to  the  married  quarters  in  jugs,  each  house 
being  supplied  by  a  man  carrying  a  single 
jug  at  a  time.  This  seems  to  be  an  absurd 
system,  as  he  is  required  to  walk  a  consid- 
erable distance.  It  would  be  well  to  have 
carts  for  this  purpose. 

Distilled  water  is  supplied  in  but  few  in- 
stances to  bachelors'  quarters  during  the 
day  for  their  use  at  night.  Employes  can 
not  get  drinking  water  after  the  evening 
meals  at  the  hotels,  but  it  would  be  of  little 
advantage  if  they  could,  as  the  hotels  are 
too  remote  from  the  majority  of  the  quar- 
ters. Undoubtedly,  palatable  drinking 
water  at  bachelors'  quarters  would  reduce 
the  number  of  convenient  liquor  bottles 
said  to  be  carried  to  them.  It  is  not  difl5- 
cult  to  understand  the  statement  that:  **If 
a  man  can't  get  water,  all  he  can  do  is  to 
go  and  buy  a  bottle  of  beer  and  carry  it  to 
bis  quarters."  The  chairman  of  the  com- 
tDission  stated  that  a  water  cooler  would  be 
placed  upon  each  floor  of  the  bachelors* 
quarters  and  supplied  with  drinking  w^ater, 
the  men  to  furnish  the  ice.  It  is  to  be 
hoped  that  there  will  be  no  unnecessary 
delay  in  meeting  this  need. 
Food. 

The  meals  which  were  eaten  during  this 
investigation  at  the  varitf  ?swere 


good.  It  was  voluntarily  stated  by  many 
American  employes  who  are  eating  at  the 
mess  houses  that  the  food  has  greatly  im- 
proved within  the  last  two  months  at  most 
of  the  camps,  although  not  at  all.  There 
is  reason  to  believe  that  the  meals  were  better 
at  some  of  the  places  when  visits  of  inspection 
were  made  than  they  are  day  after  day,  but 
it  was  gratifying  to  find  that  the  food 
could  be  so  well  prepared.  This  indicates 
that  there  is  small  excuse  for  badly  pre- 
pared meals  at  those  places  when  plenty  of 
good  materials  are  furnished. 

The  testimony  was  ample  to  prove  that 
before  Colonel  Goethals  began  his  trips  of 
investigation  the  meals  were  exceedingly 
bad,  except  at  one  camp,  which  is  generally 
conceded  to  have  a  first-class  mess.  Many 
employes  left  the  government  hotels  (mess 
houses)  and  now  patronize  private  messes. 
Their  testimony  indicates  that  they  were 
obliged  to  take  such  action  in  order  to 
maintain  health.  Statemeipts  with  refer- 
ence to  conditions  but  two  months  ago 
were  "rotten  meat,"  food  not  well  prepared, 
swimming  in  grease,  insuflficiently  served, 
no  variety  (steak  often  tainted,  potatoes  and 
red  beans  daily),  no  relishes,  flies  in  soup, 
dishes  and  table  linen  unclean,  service  bad, 
negroes  wiping  their  faces  with  dish  towels 
and  then  using  them  on  dishes,  absurdity 
of  paying  the  government  thirty  cents  for 
a  poor  meal  when  a  good  one  could  be  se- 
cured at  a  private  mess  for  25  cents,  et 
cetera. 

The  general  impression  that  profits  wer  e 
made  at  the  mess  houses  is' correct.  There 
is  no  advantage  to  the  commission  in  hav- 
ing profits,  for  such  funds  can  not  be  ap- 
plied toward  construction  work,  but  for 
January;  February,  and  March  they  were 
considerable. 

The  profits,  beginning  with  January,  for 
messes  and  kitchens  were: 

January $4  008.04 

February 3,118.88 

March 10,624.69 

The  present  commission  took  charge 
March  10th. 

On  the  first  of  April  orders  were  given 
that  the  mess  houses  and  kitchens  would 
be  run  on  a  self-supporting  basis. 

In  April  the  profits  were  reduced  to 
$1,193.15. 

During  May  the  profits  were  but  $261  .(|^ 


858 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


There  was  great  dissatisfaction  because 
the  sum  of  $37,000.00  was  cleared  on  food 
last  year,  and  good  food  was  not  supplied. 

District  physicians  are  now  required  to 
inspect  food  and  kitchens  at  least  three 
times  a  week,  and  this  has  brought  im- 
provement in  food  and  greater  cleanliness. 
There  is  a  certain  smokiness  in  the  kitch- 
ens, however,  which  indicates  that  utensils 
are  not  cared  for  properly.  To  provide 
good  food  there  is  nothing  more  necessary 
than  careful  attention  to  kitchen  ware. 
The  water  in  the  dish-washing  machines 
at  some  places  was  found  to  be  clean  and 
it  was  very  unclean  at  others.  Conditions 
vary  according  to  the  eflSciency  of  the  hotel 
stewards.  Linen  and  dishes  are  not  uni- 
versally clean  and  improvement  should  be 
made. 

Monotonous,  cold  breakfasts  and  inabil- 
ity to  be  served  form  the  burden  of  a  com- 
plaint which  is  general:  **  Daily  egg  break- 
fasts, eggs— eggs— eggs  every' morning!/' 

Breakfasts  are  composed  always  of  a 
cereal,  eggs,  bacon.  coflFee  and  cakes.  There 
is  no  reason  why  they  should  not  be  varied. 
Plenty  of  foods  appropriate  for  breakfast 
could  be  procured. 

Those  who  tip  waiters  get  quick  service, 
and  many  who  have  tried  to  get  along 
without  tipping  have  found  that  they 
could  scarcely  get  breakfast.  Although 
there  is  a  rule  against  tipping,  and  waiters 
have  been  discharged  for  accepting  fees,  it 
is  not  likely  that  that  system  can  be  changed 
upon  the  Isthmus  since  it  has  been  impos- 
sible to  enforce  such  regulations  elsewhere. 
But  it  should  be  possible  to  require  the 
managers  of  the  mess  halls  to  give  personal 
supervision  at  breakfast  time.  It  is  espe- 
cially complained  that  they  do  not  appear 
and  that  the  negro  waiters  do  not  care 
whether  they  render  service  or  not.  The 
fact  is  that  they  could  not  be  expected  to 
do  so  without  guidance. 

At  one  camp,  where  it  was  com- 
plained that  conditions  have  not  changed, 
the  following  statements  were  made: 

**They  do  not  even  have  ice  on  the  table. 
You  go  all  the  forenoon  without  water, 
and  then  you  come  in  at  noon  and  can't 
get  it  cold."  **It  is  a  wonder  to  me  that 
the  men  keep  their  health  with  the  food 
they  are  getting."  That  can  well  be  be- 
lieved in  view  of  the  number  of  complaints 
offered  by  perfectly  rep*^'-^' 'Dloyes,  for 


much  of  the  testimony  indicated  conditioos 
similar  to  those  experienced  at  the  Tivoli 
Hotel,  which  has  been  under  the  same 
management  as  the  mess  houses  The 
lack  of  nutritious  food  undoubtedly  has 
been  the  cause  of  dysentary  and  other  ail- 
ments. Plenty  of  wholesome  food  is  more 
essential  in  the  tropics  than  elsewhere. 
The  body  perspires  so  freely  that  a  gener- 
ous supply  of  good  fuel  is  required  to  re- 
plenish waste  material.  Strength  very 
'  soon  wanes  if  meals  are  unsatisfactory. 
Unpalatable  food  seems  more  repulsive 
there  and  one  soon  finds  it  almost  impos- 
sible to  eat.  It  is  hard  to  be  cheerful 
under  such  conditions.  The  whole  world 
seems  wrong  and  one  becomes  resentful." 

The  following  are  some  of  the  expres- 
sions with  reference  to  breakfasts: 

**I  do  not  eat  any  breakfast  at  all  simply 
because  I  can't.  The  pancakes  are  so 
tough  I  can  not  eat  them  and  the  coffee  is 
not  fit  to  drink." 

•* Eggs  are  cold,  the  cakes  would  make 
good  sole  leather  and  the  coffee  is  awful." 

'*A  man  will  not  pay  thirty  cents  for 
nothing  to  eat." 

**I  pay  the  waiter  a  dollar  a  week — God 
knows  I  had  to  get  something  to  eat.  The 
pancakes  are  hard." 

**It  is  not  one  time  in  ten  a  man  can  get 
anything  in  time  to  go  to  work." 

At  the  majority  of  the  camps,  with  the 
exception  of  the  general  complaint  about 
breakfast,  such  expressions  as  the  follow- 
ing ^ere  heard:  "The  food  has  been  im- 
proving for  the  past  two  months.  Before 
the  new  administration  took  hold  it  was 
something  fierce." 

There  is  no  doubt  but  that  great  im- 
provement has  taken  place.  .  It  is  equally 
true  that  there  is  still  room  for  better- 
ment. 

The  European  laborers  are  fed  in  separate 
mess  halls,  which  are  splendidly  arranged, 
the  dining-rooms  containing  uncovered 
tables  and  benches  for  seats.  They  are 
carefully  cleaned  daily.  Enamelled  ware 
of  the  appearance  of  granite  makes  an  ex- 
cellent type  of  dishes.  Italians.  Greeks 
and  Spaniards  have  their  tastes  consulted 
and  their  favorite  foods  are  furnished.     At 

every  plate  half  a  loaf  of  bjc^^  placed, 

Digitized  by' 


yHlJ'ffe^^d''' 


PANAMA  CANAL  CONDITIONS 


859 


and  each  is  liberally  supplied  with  a  meat 
stew,  macaroni  or  other  vegetables,  fruit 
or  other  dessert  and  coffee  or  tea.  Meals 
are  furnished  at  40  cents  a  day  gold,  but 
Europeans  may  eat  elsewhere  if  they  so 
desire.  They  are  allowed  to  take  their 
little  bottles  of  light  wine,  which  they  are 
accustomed  to  have  with  meals,  to  the 
mess  halls. 

Kitchens  of  Negro  Laborers* 

The  West  Indians,  until  the  first  of  Feb- 
ruary, cooked  their  own  food  in  any  sort  of 
fashion,  in  utensils  on  the  ground  at  their 
barracks.  Owing  to  malnutrition  it  was 
decided  to  erect  cook  houses  and  prepare 
their  food,  which  is  now  made  a  part  of 
their  wages.  Employes  file  in  front  of  a 
counter,  their  rations  of  meat,  vegetables — 
yams,  sweet  potatoes  or  rice — and  some- 
times fruit  are  handed  to  them  from  the 
kitchen  behind. 

This  system  was  recommended  by  the 
sanitary  department  a  year  and  a  half  ago. 
The  delay  in  establishing  it  seems  as  un- 
necessarily great  as  do  delays  in  other 
matters. 

Under  the  old  haphazard  plan  negroes 
would  secure  food  from  the  commissaries  at 
noon,  usually  canned.  By  the  time  indi- 
vidual purchases  were  made,  fires  built  and 
food  prepared  the  time  allowed  for  lunch 
and  siesta  would  be  consumed.  Therefore 
they  were  insuflficiently  nourished,  and  it 
was  found  that  when  ill  in  the  hospital, 
after  fever  had  disappeared,  they  would  eat 
as  ravenously  as  starved  creatures. 

The  new  scheme  is  a  great  step  in  ad- 
vance, but  there  is  still  room  for  improve- 
ment. There  is  7io  place  for  them  to  sit  when 
eating  except  under  their  barracks,  like 
animals,  or  upon  floors  in  them.  Shelters, 
no  matter  how  simple,  should  be  built  and 
provided  with  benches  and  tables. 

There  is  no  way  to  insure  cleanliness  of 
dishes,  as  they  are  allowed  to  wash  their 
own  crude  utensils  and  leave  them  at  any 
convenient  place. 

Food  Supplies, 

There  should  be  a  more  rigid  examina- 
tion of  food  supplies  before  being  shipped 
from  the  United  States.  It  is  inconceivable 
that  any  one  should  be  asked  to  drink 
coffee  which  is  now  sometimes  supplied  on 
the  Isthmus.  Probably  it  is  not  coffee  at 
all,  and  quite  possible  not  even  chicory. 

Eggs  can  not  always  be  of  the  best  cold- 


storage  type  and  certainly  sometimes  there 
is  something  radically  wrong  with  cold- 
storage  chickens.  Housewives  who  had 
delicious  chickens,  at  meals  personally  en- 
joyed during  the  investigation,  purchased 
them  from  native  markets. 

During  one  week  of  the  visit  there  was 
no  cold-storage  meat  upon  the  Isthmus.  It 
was  known  by  the  commission  that  such 
would  be  the  case,  and  it  made  arrange- 
ments, to  avoid  a  repetition  of  the  hard- 
ship, with  a  commercial  line  of  steamers 
for  the  transportation  of  additional  lots. 
Native  beef  is  more  expensive  than  cold- 
storage  beef  from  the  states,  and  is  tough. 
At  a  government  West  Indian  mess  it  was 
found  to  be  sickening,  but  at  a  private  mess 
of  some  engineers  it  was  not  found  to  be 
repulsive. 

No  one  can  know  what  it  means  to  be 
deprived  of  fresh  vegetables  until  obliged 
to  subsist  on  canned  foods  altogether.  Then 
an  onion,  a  cucumber,  or  a  radish  is  indeed 
a  luxury.  A  recent  effort  to  meet  this  need 
has  been  to  make  arrangements  for  taking 
fresh  vegetables  from  Jamaica  and  New 
Orleans,  but  this  is  not  an  assured  success. 

Constantly  Changing  Force  of  Employes, 

Successful  construction  uH>rk  upon  the 
Isthmus  is  hampered  by  the  constantly  changing 
force  of  employes,  and  there  is  no  doubt  but 
that  this  is  largely  due  to  discontent,  result- 
ing from  unsatisfactory  housing  and  feed- 
ing. Improvements  needed  will  require  time 
for  accomplishment.  Tactful,  considerate 
attention  on  the  part  of  the  representatives 
of  the  Department  of  Labor,  Quarters,  and 
Subsistence  would  do  much  toward  main- 
taining content  under  adverse  circumstan- 
ces. If  effort  were  made  to  explain  that 
everything  possible  is  being  done,  with  the 
base  of  supplies  2,000  miles  away,  it  is  more 
than  likely  that  the  majority  would  be  rea- 
sonable and  patient.  There  is  no  department 
against  which  complaint  so  likely  would  be 
aimed  as  this  one,  for  it  has  to  do  with 
creature  comforts.  While  there  is  reason  to 
believe  that  its  representatives  are  interested 
in  the  welfare  of  the  employes,  and  in  many 
respects  have  striven  hard  to  serve  them, 
//  is  appareyit  that  obnoxious  and  arbitrary 
methods  too  frequently  have  been  pursued. 
This  is  public  sen ti merit  on  the  Canal  Zone: 
*'It  has  not  been  the  rule  to  explain  in- 
ability to  improve  conditions  as  rapidly  Isg 


860 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


desirable,  but  to  refuse  the  bearing  of  com- 
plaints and  to  suggest  that  the  next  boat 
be  taken  to  the  states  if  not  satisfied." 

If  specific  cases  of  complaint  are  taken 
to  higher  authorities,  it  is  found  that  all 
the  papers  in  such  cases  have  been  **lost." 

Doubtless  many  complaints  against  the 
department  have  been  unfair.  For  in- 
stance, where  men  were  found  sleeping  on 
cots  at  one  place,  beds  were  stored  in  the 
same  building  awaiting  delayed  mattresses 
from  the  states.  Monotonous  food  may  be 
attributed  partly  to  failure  in  arrival  of  sup- 
plies, and  houses  can't  be  assigned  if  they 
are  not  in  existence.  The  department  has 
labored  under  serious  difficulties,  but  its 
policy  of  dealing  with  the  human  family 
has  been  erroneous  and  is  the  cau.seof  gen- 
eral dissatisfaction. 

Dry  Goods  Department, 
The  main  commissary  is  located  at  Colon 
and  there  are  local  branches  at  the  largest 
camps  along  the  line  of  the  Canal  Zpne.  An 
inspection  of  the  goods  at  the  main  commis- 
sary revealed  a  lack  of  such  shoes,  overalls, 
and  other  goods  as  would  be  desired  by 
American  workmen.  At  one  of  the  local 
commissaries,  a  cheap  and  badly  made  shirt 
and  two  pairs  of  equally  poor  overalls  were 
purchased.  Tiie  materials. are  very  coarse 
and  they  could  not  be  more  wretchedly  man- 
ufactured. Many  of  the  articles  of  wearing 
apparel  are  purchased  in  England  and  do  not 
come  up  to  the  standard  of  the  best  gar- 
ments manufactured  in  the  United  States. 
The  men  claim  that  the  shirts  have  small 
sleeves,  which  readily  split,  are  tight  across 
the  shoulders  and  the  collar  bands  are 
marked  with  the  wrong  sizes.  It  is  espe- 
cially inconvenient  for  bachelors  to  have 
clothes  which  tear  so  easily,  as  they  have 
no  way  of  mending  them.  Somehow  the 
chairman  and  a  few  other  officials  were 
able  to  purchase  satisfactory  shirts  at  the 
main  commissary,  but  there  were  no  such 
garments  found  at  the  local  commissaries 
along  the  line.  The  general  testimony  was: 
**I  can  get  nothing  in  the  line  of  shirts 
which  will  come  anywhere  near  fitting  me,  * ' 
or  '*I  would  prefer  to  pay  more  and  get  a 
good  quality  of  shirts.'*  The  stock  is  not 
kept  up.  For  instance,  white  duck  suits 
were  found  all  to  be  size  No.  42,  required 
by  few. 


It  is  impossible  for  the  Americans  to  get 
satisfactory  shoes  at  the  commissaries,  and 
they  are  obliged  either  to  patronize  the 
Chinese  merchants  along  the  zone  or  go  to 
the  expense,  as  well  as  loss  of  time  neces- 
sary for  a  trip  to  the  city  of  Panama,  where 
prices  are  somewhat  higher  than  in  the 
United  States. 

Ample  stocks  of  standard  makes  of  all 
ordinary  garments  should  be  kept  at  the 
commissaries.  It  would  seem  as  though 
there  might  be  introduced  advantageously 
brilliantine,  alpaca,  or  other  coats  of  light 
materials.  It  seemed  odd  to  find  serge  suits 
worn  quite  generally. 

Good  toilet  articles  are  sold  at  the  com- 
missaries, but  with  that  exception,  it  is 
very  seldom  that  anything  which  is  wanted 
by  the  men  can  be  found. 

Furthermore,  there  are  no  goods  or  gar- 
ments, whatever,  for  women  and  children. 

Tailoring  Should  Be  Undertaken, 
Linens  and  woolen  goods  to  be  made  up 
there  are  purchased  in  better  quality  and 
at  lower  prices  from  England  than  the 
states,and  this  would  be  a  benefit  to  the 
employes  if  there  were  tailoring  establish- 
ments in  connection  with  the  commi.ssaries 
at  the  large  camps.  There  should  be  one, 
not  only  for  the  men,  but  also  for  the 
women,  where  ordinary  dressmaking  could 
be  carried  on.  There  is  no  way  of  having 
garments  made  except  by  natives.  It  is  quite 
doubtful  as  to  whether  the  negro  tailors 
with  their  small  shops  along  the  line  and 
Panama  should  be  patronized  by  Americans 
as  a  matter  of  danger  to  health,  even  if 
they  could  render  satisfactory  ser\Mce, 
which  is  not  the  case.  There  are  at  least 
1,200  American  women  and  children  on  the 
Isthmus,  and  it  is  decidedly  a  hardship  to 
be  unable  to  purchase  or  have  garments 
made.  While  the  need  of  tailor  shops  has 
not  received  consideration  it  is  recognized 
by  the  chairman  of  the  commission. 

Shoemakers  should  be  encouraged  to 
open  shops  for  repairing,  perhaps  by  giv- 
ing space  at  the  commissaries. 

The  Grocery  Department. 

The  local  commissaries  are  not  always 
as  clean  as  they  should  be.  The  platform 
at  the  main  commissary,  where  the  cars 
are  unloaded,  was  exceedingly  dirty,  smell- 
ing from  an  imbedded  accumulation.  Meats 
Digitized  by  VjOOQIc 


PANAMA  CANAL  CONDITIONS 


S61 


are  delivered  along  the  line  daily.  For 
families  they  are  placed  in  packages  which 
are  delivered  to  the  homes  by  the  local 
commissary  wagons. 

There  is  complaint  that  meats  are  not 
always  received  in  good  condition,  and  that 
they  will  be  left  in  the  sun  after  being 
taken  from  the  refrigerator  car.  It  is 
quite  possible  that  families  have  been  sold 
bad  meat,  as  the  testimony  was  offered  by 
thoroughly  reliable  and  worthy  citizens, 
and,  furthermore,  the  secretary  herself  was 
frequently  served  with  it  at  the  Tivoli,  and 
once  at  a  mess.  Some  offer  no  complaint 
about  the  meat  now,  while  others  say  they 
have  received  it  in  such  bad  condition  as 
to  be  obliged  to  bury  it.  Meats  are  not 
properly  cut. 

It  has  been  suggested  that  there  should 
be  cold  storage  plants  at  the  large  camps 
and  meats  for  both  families  and  mess  halls 
distributed  as  from  butcher  shops.  Local 
commissaries  are  tiot  equipped  with  refrig- 
erators for  keeping  butter  and  eggs,  and 
purchasers  at  present  must  include  such 
articles  in  cold  storage  meat  orders  from 
the  main  commissary. 

The  Panamanians  double  the  charges  at 
their  markets  when  Americans  make  pur- 
chases. Therefore,  some  housewives  send 
negro  servants  to  their  markets,  where  bet- 
ter chickens  may  be  had  than  can  be  se- 
cured from  the  commissary. 

Prqfifs. 

In  April  the  profits  of  the  commissary 
department,  'including  ice  plant,  bakery, 
and  laundry,  were  $52,000.  As  there  is  no 
desire  to  make  anything  more  than  a  return 
on  the  investment  of  $300,000  in  order  to 
reimburse  the  government  at  the  end  of 
fifteen  years,  the  prices  have  just  been 
lowered.  There  is  now  no  complaint  among 
employes  with  reference  to  charges  for 
groceries  and  meat.  It  was  common  to 
hear:  **Since  these  army  oflficershaVe  taken 
hold  we  are  getting  a  square  deal.*' 

Improvements, 

The  management  of  the  commissary  has 
been  placed  recently  under  the  Panama 
Railroad  Company,  and  a  new  man  has 
been  put  in  charge.  Attention  now  is 
being  directed  toward  improvement  in 
foods,  and  it  was  stated:  **We  shall  take 
up  the  question  of  shoes  and  shirts  later.*' 

The  objection  to  black  managers  of  com- 


missaries has  been  recognized,  and  whites 
are  being  placed  in  those  positions.  It  is 
claimed  that  the  wives  of  American  work- 
men frequently  were  rudely  treated  by  such 
colored  managers. 

The  retail  portion  of  the  main  commis- 
sary at  Colon,  used  for  both  colored  and 
white  employes,  is  very  small,  and  at  the 
close  of  the  workday  is  completely  packed. 
This  is  to  be  enlarged,  and  there  should  be 
separate  counters  for  negroes  and  whites. 
The  retail  grocery  division,  although  much 
larger,  is  inadequate.  Blacks  and  whites 
should  not  be  required  to  mix  in  making 
purchases  at  any  of  the  branch  commis- 
saries. But  they  are  receiving  a  thorough 
overhauling,  and  this  change  may  be  under 
consideration. 

In  view  of  the  good  plumbing  in  all  con- 
centrated camps,  it  scarcely  seems  worthy 
of  comment  to  mention  the  abominable 
toilet  arrangements  at  the  main  commis- 
sary, both  for  women  and  for  men. 

The  principal  ailments  are  malaria,  pneu- 
monia, and  typhoid  fever. 

The  sanitary  department  is  working  to 
prevent  the  breeding  of  malaria  mosquitoes, 
which  carry  the  disease  from  one  afflicted 
person  to  another.  Pneumonia  is  caused 
largely  by  the  wearing  of  damp  clothes, 
which  chill  the  body,  and  by  the  lack  of 
proper  bedding  among  the  common  labor- 
ers. Typhoid  fever  is  due  to  drinking  im- 
pure water.  There  are  other  minor  maladies 
and  all  kinds  of  cases  of  operations. 

The  highest  mortality  is  among  the 
negroes.  During  the  month  of  April  the 
total  number  of  black  employes  of  the 
Canal  Commission  and  Panama  Railway 
was  27.995.  There  were  114  deaths  for  that 
month.  The  total  number  of  white  em- 
ployes was  10,170,  and  there  were  nine 
deaths.  During  the  month  the  total  num- 
ber constantly  sick  in  hospitals  and  sick 
camps  was  822.  Quite  a  number  of  white 
employes  of  long  residence  who  never  have 
been  ill  there  were  met. 

Some  of  the  Labor  Conditions. 

There  are  two  sets  of  employes,  those  of 
the  Isthmian  Canal  Commission  and  those 
of  the  Panama  Railroad  Company.  The 
term  * 'laborer**  on  the  Isthmus  indicates 
the  type  of  employe  performing  the  work 
of  a  * 'common  laborer.**     It  is  not  applied 

to  the  American  mechanic  or  atw  otbei:  lypd 

igi  ize      y  g 


862 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONISr 


of  employe.     The  number  of  employes  is 
given  in  the  following  tabulation: 

Isthmian  Canal  Commission, 

American  clerks,  foremen, 
employes  in  Sanitary  De- 
partment and  all  others 
not  mechanics 1,000 

American   mechanics 4,000 

West  Indian  Negroes  (la- 
borers)   25,000 

Europeans,  including  Span- 
iards, Italians,  and  Greeks    4,500  34,500 

Panama  Railway, 

Clerks  (black  and  white) 1,244 

Laborers  (black  and  white)..    4,384     5,628 

Total 40.128 

Working  Hours  and  Inequalities  in  Vacation 
and  Sick  Leave  Privileges. 
A  long  workday  is  undesirable  in  that 
climate  since  greater  fatigue  is  felt  at  the 
termination  of  a  given  number  of  hours 
there  than  in  the  United  States,  and  yet 
the  majority  of  the  employes  work  more 
than  eight  liours  and  do  not  come  under 
the  operation  of  the  eight  hour  law.  It 
applies  to  mechanics,  and  there  is  compar- 
atively little  overtime  now  for  such  em- 
ployes as  molders  and  machinists,  except 
as  the  shortage  of  equipment  necessitates 
the  repair,  after  working  hours,  of  steam 
shovels  and  locomotives  used  in  excavating. 
Comtnon  laborers  are  now,  according  to 
official  statement  on  the  Isthmus,  engaged 
for  a  nine  hour  day^  but  frequ£ntly  work 
lo,  12,  and  14  houfs.  This  is  a  hardship 
on  foremen  who  must  work  as  long.  Con- 
struction locomotive  engineers  work  nine 
and  one-half  hours  at  least,  with  certain 
compensations,  in  order  to  keep  steam 
shovels  going  eight  hours,  fudicial  deci- 
sions have  excluded  from  the  operation  of 
the  eight  hour  law  all  employes  paid  by  the 
month.  Many  monthly  employes  have  a 
long  workday — telegraph  operators  on  the 
railroad  always  work  12  hours,  track  men 
and  yard  masters,  foremen,  clerks  in  the 
disbursing  and  timekeeping  offices,  and 
others  often  work  10. 12.  and  longer  hours. 
Mechanics  in  the  shops  of  the  Isthmian 
Canal  Commission  were  working  on  an 
eight  hour  basis,  whereas  men  in  the  same 
crafts  in  the  shops  of  the  Panama  Railroad 
Company  were  working  on  a  10  hour  basis. 
Both  are  under  one  ma.ster  mechanic  and 


concerned  in  the  construction  of  the  canal. 
The  President  has  issued  an  order  requir- 
ing the  workday  in  those  shops  to  be  made 
identical  and  it  should  be  put  into  effect  at 
an  early  time,  for  this  inequality  has  long 
contributed  toward  discontent.  There  are 
other  strange  inequalities.  For  instance, 
men  paid  by  the  hour  in  the  shops  of  the 
Panama  Railroad  Company  have  vacation 
with  pay  and  unlimited  sick  leave.  The 
same  type  of  men  among  the  Isthmian 
Canal  Commission's  employes  have  vaca- 
tion without  pay  and  sick  leave  for  a  de- 
finite period,  which,  however,  has  but 
recently  been  granted  after  persistent  peti- 
tioning upon  the  part  of  such  employes. 
American  employes  paid  by  the  month  are 
granted  vacation  with  pay.  Monthly  men, 
who  are  not  Americans,  feel  that  it  is  un- 
fair that  they  should  not  be  given  vacations 
with  pay.  They  come  under  the  local  gov- 
ernment of  the  Canal  Zone  just  as  do  the 
natives  of  Porto  Rico  employed  by  that 
insular  government  who  receive  a  vacation 
of  30  working  days  in  addition  to  time  for 
travel  bet  ween  that  country  and  the  United 
States,  the  same  as  American  employes 
there.  Another  inconsistency  is  the  fact 
that  vacation  with  pay  is  granted  employes 
of  the  Panama  Railroad  Company  on  the 
Isthmus  and  yet  captains  of  the  steam- 
ships owned  by  it  are  not  allowed  vacation 
with  or  without  pay  although  they  arc 
on  the  monthly  pay-roll.  Since  hotu-ly 
men  are  paid  when  required  to  work  over- 
time and  the  monthly  men  are  not,  it  is 
considered  by  the  commission  as  a  fair  ar- 
rangement to  grant  the  latter  vacation  with 
pay  while  denying  it  to  the  former.  How- 
ever, as  monthly  employes  are  allowed  six 
weeks'  vacation*  with  pay  because  the 
physicians  consider  an  annual  change  of 
climate  essential  for  the  average  man  not 
accustomed  to  work  in  a  tropical  climate, 
the  hourly  men  consider  that  if  vacations 
are  necessary  for  the  health  of  monthly 
men,  they  are  likewise  for  them.  Ameri- 
cans do  not  want  to  work  overtime,  for  that 
is  regarded  as  **blood  money."  Further- 
more, since  it  is  expected  that  overtime  will 
be  limited  to  emergencies  and  reduced  to  a 

*This  leave  of  sis  weeks  is  considered  as  an  allowance  of 
13  days  for  travel  to  and  from  the  United  Stiites  and  as  so 
days'  vacation.  It  may  be  noted  that  the  usual  leave  allow- 
ance in  the  United  States  is  30  working  days  exclusive  of 


Sundays  and  holidays.  The  Porto  Rican  Insular  Govern- 
ment allows  all  emploves  30  workinjf  days'  leave,  as  in  the 
states,  and  allows  12  days  for  travel  when  they  visit  the 


sUtes.    It  would  seem  well  to  brinf  the  canal  reirnUiHoss 
into  better  harmony  with  the  rules  of  the  United  States  by 
adopting  the  Porto  Rican  method.      r^r^r^lr> 
Digitized  byVjOOQ  Ic 


PANAMA  CANAL  CONDITIONS 


863 


minimum  there  is,  of  course,  no  guarantee 
that  the  income  so  earned  would  be  a  fair 
substitute  for  vacation.  While  monthly 
men  work  longer  hours  frequently  than 
mechanics  and  sometimes  endure  greater 
hardships,  working  out  of  doors,  than  men 
protected  from  sun  and  storm  in  the  shops 
and  therefore  may  be  entitled  to  special 
consideration,  the  reason  given  for  grant- 
ing vacations  to  one  and  not  to  the 
other  type  of  employes  is  certainly  open 
to  criticism.  Another  argument  is  that  all 
such  employes  of  navy-yards  and  arsenals 
in  the  United  States,  where  climate  is  not  a 
consideration,  receive  fifteen  working  days* 
leave  with  pay.  An  additional  claim  made 
by  the  hourly  men  is  that  one  would  be  more 
likely  to  return  from  a  leave  if  there  were 
a  vacation  wfth  pay  to  look  forward  to  and 
that  it  would  be  economy  to  offer  this  in- 
ducement to  employes  to  return  rather  than 
to  be  obliged  to  train  '*  green  "  men  in  their 
places. 

It  has  not  been  the  custom  to  pay  me- 
chanics and  other  hourly  employes  on  the 
Isthmus  for  h61idays,  although  that  is  the 
custom  in  the  United  States  at  arsenals  and 
navy-yards.  The  following,  one  of  the  new 
rules,  and  an  exceedingly  liberal  proposi- 
tion, caused  satisfaction: 

All  employes  whose  compeDsation  is  fixed  on  an 
hourly  basis,  and  who  work  on  the  days  prior  and 
subsequent  thereto,  will  be  allowed  pay  for  the  fol- 
lowing holidays:  January  1,  February  22,  May  30, 
July  4,  Labor  Day,  Thanksgiving  Day,  and  De- 
cember 25. 

All  hourly  employes  above  the  grade  of  laborer, 
who  render  actual  service  on  these  holidays  will 
be  allowed  time  and  one-half  in  addition  to  pay  for 
such  holidays. 

It  was  found  that  common  laborers  from 
other  countries  did  not  care  for  our  holidays 
and  were  dissatisfied  at  the  attendant  loss 
of  pay;  therefore,  the  following  is  a  part  of 
the  new  regulations  making  for  content: 

If  actual  service  is  rendered  on  the  days  prior 
and  subsequent  thereto,  pay  will  be  allowed  for  the 
following  holidays:  January  1,  February  22,  May 
30,  July  4,  Labor  Day,  Thanksgiving  Day,  and 
December  25.  If  actual  service  is  rendered  on  these 
dates  double  pay  will  be  allowed. 

The  Wholesale  Dismissal  of  Employes, 
There  are  also  improvements  in  regula- 
tions relative  to  the  assignment  of  ''married 
quarters'*  specifically  stated  but  the  **straw 
which  has  broken  the  camel's  back"  in  the 
new  regulations  effective  July  i  is  the  pro- 
vision for  the  wholesale  discharge  of   em- 


ployes at  the  end  of  their  next  leave  period 
in  order  to  bring  all  under  the  same  rules 
and  regulations.  This  is  regarded  as  a 
breaking  of  contracts  by  .the  government. 
The  provision  reads  as  follows: 

All  provisional  appointments  will,  at  the  end 
of  each  leave  period,  be  so  modified  as  to  make 
such  appointments  correspond  to  the  then  exist- 
ing rules  and  regulations  of  the  commission. 

All  appointments  made  prior  to  this  resolution 
are  hereby  terminated,  to  take  effect  at  the  end  of 
the  next  leave  period  accruing  under  such  appoiut- 
ment.  Conditions  of  service  thereafter  will  be  in 
accord  with  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  com- 
mission. 

It  is  true  that  the  commission  was 
entirely  within  its  legal  right  in  making 
this  ruling  in  so  far  as  employes  who  have 
had  increases  are  concerned,  because  under 
a  decision  of  the  comptroller,  made  many 
months  ago,  all  original  contracts  are  ren- 
dered null  and  void  by  the  acceptance  of 
promotions.  It  does  not  seem  fair  to  the 
men  that,  because  they  are  raised  in  pay 
and  accept  such  increase,  all  privileges  con- 
ferred by  their  first  contracts  should  be 
lost.  All  appointments  are  made  * 'pro- 
visionally.'  *  If  that  means  that  a  man  is 
appointed  to  serve,  provided  he  gives  satis- 
faction, it  should  be  so  stated,  but  if  it 
means  that  the  appointment  is  made  pro- 
visionally in  order  that  the  government 
may  make  changes  at  any  time  it  deems  fit, 
employes  feel  that  it  is  unjust.  Nothing 
tends  to  create  discontent  as  much  as  un- 
certainty about  conditions  of  employment. 

The  labor  problem  is  serious  with  such  a 
changing  policy  as  has  been  pursued.  The 
men  feel  that  there  is  no  stability  and  that 
**they  never  know  when  an  order  is  going 
to  be  issued  with  some  new  provisions 
affecting  their  employment.  *  *  Furthermore, 
there  are  those  who  threaten  to  take  up 
such  conditions  with  their  congressmen 
and  this  will  still  further  complicate  matters 
by  bringing  into  general  discussion  griev- 
ances which  could  be  readily  adjusted. 

There  is  intense  feeling  among  certain 
hourly  men  that  they  have  greater  skill 
than  some  classes  which  have  recently  been 
awarded  an  increase  in  wages.  This  will 
doubtless  be  eliminated  by  the  introduction 
of  a  system,  now  under  consideration,  by 
the  chairman  of  the  commission,  under 
which  a  certain  percentage  will  be  added  to 
the  price  paid  for  different  types  of  labor  in 
the  United  States  to  make  up  for  discom- 
forts suffered  through  employment  on  the 

ZO^ie-  Digitized  by  L^OOgle 


864 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


It  is  felt  that  one  of  the  most  unfortunate 
conditions  is  due  to  the  fact  that  men  are 
not  selected  by  th^  employment  depart- 
ment in  the  Un;ted  States  with  reference 
to  the  positions  which  they  are  expected  to 
fill  and  consequently  great  injustice  has 
been  done  both  the  work  and  the  men  em- 
ployed. For  instance,  if  a  man.  who  is  a 
skilled  machinist  on  civil  engineers'  gauges 
is  sent  down  and  placed  on  the  repairing  of 
locomotives,  he  is  very  likely  to  be  dis- 
missed for  incompetency.  Men  in  different 
lines  undoubtedly  have  been  sent  away 
under  a  cloud  when  perfectly  competent  to 
fill  positions  for  'which  they  applied.  Others 
have,  in  a  few  cases,  been  transferred  to 
positions  which  they  have  filled  satis- 
factorily. Many  have  returned  from  the 
States  under  assumed  names  or  resorted  to 
that  means  of  securing  employment  at  other 
points  on  the  zone. 

Another  cause  of  discontent  is  the  fact 
that  in  the  stress  of  getting  men  of  differ- 
ent types  to  go  to  the  Isthmus  promises 
have  been  made  prospective  employes, 
which  could  not  be  kept.  For  instance,  one 
might  be  promised  that  he  would  be  able  to 
get  married  quarters  in  60  days.  Upon 
complaining  that  the  promise  was  not  kept, 
it  would  not  appease  a  man  to  call  his  at- 
tention to  the  written  contract  that  such 
quarters  would  be  given  *'when  available.** 
As  one  said:  **  It  takes  the  heart  out  of  a 
man  to  be  told  in  the  states  that  he  can  get 
married  quarters  and  then  he  gets  here  and 
finds  he  must  have  his  application  in  many 
months  before  they  are  assigned.*' 

In  the  printed  matter  distributed  among 
Europeans  there  are  misrepresentations; 
there  is  a  picture  of  a  hotel  for  American 
whites  which  would  lead  common  laborers 
to  infer  that  they  would  eat  in  such  build- 
ings; there  are  mentioned'in  a  misleading 
way  pretty  and  hygienic  houses  for  work- 
ers, and  the  opportunity  of  taking  families 
and  of  purchasing  clothes  at  the  commis- 
sary made  in  the  best  factories  of  the  United 
States  as  well  as  alluring  statements  with 
reference  to  recreation  and   other  matters. 

Misrepresentations  to  prospective  em- 
ployes only  react  against  the  government. 

There  have  been  complaints  at  one  point 
that  members  of  the  union  were  discrimi- 
nated against  and  this  has  caused  a  great 
deal  of  dissatisfaction.  There  seems  to  be 
no  doubt  that  some  good  men  have  been 
dismissed  who  were  members  of  the  union, 


but  it  is  claimed  by  the  master  mechanic 
that  non-union  men  have  also  been  dis- 
charged. In  other  trades  in  the  same  shops 
the  men  are  entirely  organized  and  there  is, 
of  courise,  no  question  of  discriminating 
against  unionists.  Certain  it  is  that  the  ojfi- 
cial  complained  against  has  tried  honestly  to 
live  up  to  his  convictions  that  there  be  no  retog- 
nition  of  unions  on  a  government  job. 

It  seems  to  be  begging  the  question  of 
recognition  when  a  committee  of  boiler- 
makers  will  be  listened  to,  although  not  as 
representatives  of  the  union,  as  all  of  the 
boilermakers  belong  to  the  union,  and  espe- 
cially when  Secretary  Taft  meets  the  na- 
tional officials  of  these  same  organizations 
and  confers  with  Ihem  relative  to  matters 
concerning  their  men  upon  the  Isthmus. 

There  is  no  general  discrimation  against 
unionists  on  the  Isthmus,  but  there  is  a  strong 
antiunion  sentiment  among  officicUs  and  an 
unwillingness  to  deal  with  unio?t  committees. 
There  is  need  of  a  clear  and  well  defined 
policy  in  reference  to  dealing  with  commit- 
tees or  representatives  of  unions. 

Opportunity  Now  for  Grievances  to  be  Heard. 

Great  credit  is  undoubtedly  due  to  the 
preceding  administration  for  organization 
work,  but  there  was  a  policy  of  refusing  to 
hear  complaints  of  any  kind  which  has 
brought  to  this  administration  an  accumu- 
lation of  grievances  and  serious  problems 
with  which  to  deal. 

The  chairman  of  the  present  commission 
has  spent  Sundays  and  the  major  portion 
of  week  days  listening  to  complaints  and 
making  personal  investigations.  Confidence 
has  thus  been  inspired  and  there  is  a  gen- 
eral feeling  of  hopefulness. 

A   Conciliation  Board  and  Labor  Com- 
missioner Needed, 

Discontent  due  to  bad  food,  favoritism  in 
awarding  ** married  quarters,*'  uncomforta- 
ble bachelor  quarters,  and  such  matters  as 
dismissals,  inequalities  in  wages,  hours,  or 
vacations,  and  relative  to  sick  leave  provi- 
sions, will  be  reduced  greatly  without 
doubt  by  the  forming  of  a  board  to  con- 
sider all  labor  grievances.  Such  a  board  is 
now  contemplated  by  the  chairman,  whose 
intention  it  is  to  have  upon  it  a  representa- 
tive of  the  comtnission.  a  representative  of 
the  trade  involved,  and  a  representative  of 
the  foreman  under  whom  the  complainant 
works. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


PANAMA  CANAL  CONDITIONS 


865 


However,  the  situation  is  so  complicated 
that  it  would  be  impossible  to  equalize  con- 
ditions unless  a  careful  study  were  made  by 
an  expert  labor  commissioner  whose  sole 
duty  would  be  the  consideration  of  labor 
matters. 

In  the  operation  of  the  conciliation 
board  to  be  established,  the  principle 
should  be  adopted  that  where  a  majority 
of  the  men  belong  to  a  union,  that  organi- 
zation shall  have  the  right  to  be  heard  by 
its  committee.  That  principle  was  estab- 
lished by  the  Anthracite  Coal  Commission 
appointed  by  President  Roosevelt,  and  the 
same  rule  has  been  adopted  by  many  em- 
ployers' organizations  making  contracts 
with  unions.  Nearly  every  railroad  in  the 
United  States  has  a  contract  with  its  en- 
gineers, firemen,  trainmen,  conductors, 
machinists,  molders,  blacksmiths,  et  cetera, 
notwithstanding  the  fact  that  there  are  non- 
unionists  in  every  class. 

If,  in  establishing  the  policy  of  having 
grievances  heard  by  a  conciliation  board  an 
experienced  labor  commissioner  should  be 
employed,  many  grievancss  would  be  ad- 
justed by  him  in  the  same  manner  as  they 
are  in  the  bituminous  coal  fields,  in  the 
building  trades  in  New  York,  the  News- 
paper Publishers*  Association,  and  many 
other  organizations.  If  unable  to  personally 
adjust  grievances,  final  appeal  could  be 
made  to  a  joint  board.  The  policy  and 
practical  operation  of  such  a  board  could 
be  determined  readily  by  .an  experienced 
labor  commissioner,  after  looking  over  the 
field.  The  board  contemplated  by  the  chair- 
man of  the  commission  could  well  be  made 
such  a  body  for  the  final  disposition  of 
matters  which  could  not  be  settled  by  the 
labor  commissioner. 

That  the  plan  of  having  a  permanent 
conciliation  board  to  which  grievances  may 
be  taken  will  allay  discontent  and  resent- 
fulness  has  already  been  proved  by  the 
result  of  hearings  granted  personally  by 
the  chairman  of  the  commission.  This 
board  also  would  enable  him  to  give  more 
time  to  construction  problems. 

Such  a  conciliation  board  would  prevent 
interruption  of  work  if  it  is  thoroughly 
understood  that  grievances  should  be  pre- 
sented before  and  not  sifter  '^striking*'  for 
nine  times  out  of  ten  they  would  be  ad- 
jitttad. 

^ptJtt  to  such  a  board  of  conciliation 
liliSftlMi  final  and  remove  the  necessity  of 


distressing  the  President  and  the  Secretary 
of  War  with  such  details.  Furthermore,  it 
is  impossible,  owing  to  the  length  of  time 
which  it  takes  to  send  communications 
from  the  Isthmus  and  secure  replies,  to 
satisfactorily  adjust  grievances  if  decisions 
must  be  so  awaited. 

The  establishment  of  a  conciliation  board 
with  the  resultant  assurance  that  justice 
may  be  had  would  serve  to  attract  a  good 
class  of  laborers,  for  friends  bring  friends 
from  the  states  if  conditions  are  such  that 
they  write  favorably  of  them. 

Employers'  Liability, 

There  were  nine  men  blown  to  pieces 
during  the  investigation.  They  were  em- 
ployed in  blasting  where  there  is  excavat- 
ing. While  in  this  particular  case,  the  best 
powder  foreman  was  in  charge  (and  was 
killed) ,  there  is  feeling  that  in  general  such 
foremen  are  not  proficient.  In  any  event, 
it  brought  to  mind  the  query  as  to  whether 
the  government  should  provide  for  depend- 
ent families  of  the  injured  and  killed.  Now 
collections  are  made  among  the  employes 
for  such  funds.  Damages  are  not  recover- 
able from  the  government  in  such  cases  as 
they  are  from  private  contractors  in  the 
United  States.  As  recently  as  April,  one 
suffering  from  pulmonary  tuberculosis 
conlracted  in  the  service  was  denied  the 
amount  of  compensation  for  leave  of  ab- 
sence, when  obliged  to  depart  from  the 
Isthmus  permanently.'* 


The  report  as  quoted  above  is  so  clear 
and  graphic  in  all  its  details  that  very 
little  comment  is  necessary.  It  would  be 
interesting  to  have  the  prices  of  food  and 
clothing  to  complete  the  description  of  the 
dissatisfaction  in  those  respects. 

The  eight  hour  day  and  a  more  or  less 
complete  recognition  of  the  union  applies 
only  to  the  4, 000  mechanics;  then  there  are 
33,884  laborers  who  work  from  10  to  14 
hours  a  day — at  wages  not  mentioned — and 
these  laborers  seem  to  have  few  privileges 
in  regard  to  vacations,  sick  leave,  and 
other  things  which  tend  to  make  conditions 
more  endurable. 

It  is  noted  that  all  the  worst  features 
in  regard  to  food,  housing,  and  condi- 
tions surrounding  employment  apply  to 
this  33,000  laborers. 

As  the  writer  says  igig,W3^me5fm)§<e 


866 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


better  food  served  during  the  investigation, 
it  is  well  to  know  that  better  things  are  pos- 
sible, and  that  they  are,  makes  the  bad  con- 
ditions more  reprehensible. 

There  seems  to  be  no  doubt  but  that 
skilled  mechanics  do  fairly  well  as  to 
material  comforts.  Indeed,  letters  on  file 
at  American  Federation  of  Labor  head- 
quarters from  skilled  mechanics  employed 
on  the  Canal  Zone  bear  out  what  this 
report  says  in  regard  to  this  class. 

It  is  the  treatment  of  these  many  thou- 
sands of  unskilled  laborers — they  who  ac- 
tually dig  the  ditch — which  gives  food  for 
thought  and  makes  one  wonder  if  this 
government,  spending  unlimited  millions, 
can  not  do  better  for  these,  its  employes. 
That  they  are  comparatively  unable  to  help 
themselves  is  all  the  more  reason  they 
should  not  be  neglected. 

This  report  mentions  the  disposition 
among  oflficials  on  the  canal  to  refuse  rec- 
ognition to  unions.  A  conciliation  board 
and  a  labor  commissioner  to  adjust  griev- 
ances are  suggested. .  Doubtless  these  would 
prove  as  valuable  as  they  have  in  the  States. 
The  employes  would  probably  not  agree  to 
have  only  one  member  of  the  board  repre- 
senting them  as  against  a  representative  of 
the  commission  and  a  representative  of  the 
foreman.  Instead  of  the  foreman  being 
represented,  the  third  member  should  be 


impartial  and  as  far  as  possible  removed  in 
interest  from  the  two  parties  to  the  griev- 
ance. The  general  suggestion  for  the  ad- 
justment of  grievances  is  good,  and  one 
wishes  the  report  spoke  with  more  confi- 
dence of  the  probability  of  its  adoption. 

The  report  speaks  favorably  of  the 
hospital  system.  Copies  are  given  of 
circulars  handed  to  employes  instructing 
them  how  to  guard  against  malaria. 

Miss  Beeks  writes  at  considerable  length 
on  the  lack  of  recreation  for  all  classes  of 
employes.  She  suggests  the  institution  of 
popular  amusements  similar  to  Coney 
Island;  also  cafes,  theatricals  and  dub 
houses.  The  report  very  sensibly  points 
out  that  suitable  recreation  and  amuse- 
ment are  quite  as  necessary  as  the  more 
material  things  of  life.  The  suggestion  is 
made  that  an  amusement  director  be  ap- 
pointed a,nd  that  the  government  extend 
its  good  offices  in  thedirectfon  of  providing 
some  diversions,  which  would  brighten  what 
must  now  be  the  intolerable  dullness  of 
life  on  the  Isthmus. 

The  report  brings  to  the  reader  the  con- 
viction that  the  construction  of  the  canal  \s 
no  passing  event  but  a  task  which  will  re- 
quire so  much  time  in  its  accomplish- 
ment that  the  government  will  do  well 
to  handle  it  practically  as  a  permanent 
enterprise. 


Canadian  Anti-Asiatic  Demonstration. 


By  M.  Grant  Hamilton. 


'\T' 


VANCOUVER  last  night  bubbled 
and  boiled  with  anti- Asiatic  senti- 
ment, culminating  in  a  riot  which 
threatened  to  leave  Chinatown  and 
the  Japarie-^e  quarters  a  wreck.  Fortu- 
nately, the  trouble  ^^ot  no  further  than  a 
very  considerable  and  destructive  window 
smashing^  which,  however,  was  damaging 
enough.  To  the  credit  of  the  men  who 
organized  last  night's  parade  and  addressed 
the  mt;eting  in  the  city  ball,  it  must  be  said 
that  the  lawlessness  was  no  fault  of  theirs, 
as  they  strongly  counseled  moderation  and 
constitutional  methods,  but  a  gang  of 
hoodlums  took  advantage  of  the  occasion 


and,  while  the  meeting  at  the  city  hall  was 
in  progress,  marched  down  to  Chinatown 
and  through  the  Japanese  quarters,  waving 
banners  they  had  captured  by  force,  and 
breaking  every  window  in  f^ighi.  TIil 
glass  breaking  does  not  appear  to  liavt 
been  accompanied  by  any  stealing,  nor  is 
it  recorded  that  any  personal  vioUrnct*  ye^ 
done  to  the  Asiatics,  though  naturally  tber 
were  not  a  little  terrified  by  the  wbc 
destruction  going  ou  aronncl.  Otie 
table  feature  of  the  demonMntllon,  in  tf: 
eyes  of  loyal  and  right- thinking^  pe^u>a^ 
was  the  burning  In  effigy  of  the  Itentauol^ 
governor,    presutnablv^pf  h«T^fus»! 

igi  ize      y  g 


CANADIAN  ANTI'ASIATIC  DEMONSTRATION 


867 


assent  to  the  Natal  act  passed  at  the  last 
session  of  the  legislature." 

Such  was  the  introductory  paragraph  to 
an  article  in  the  Vancouver  (B.  C.)  News- 
Advertiser  on  the  morning  of  September  8, 
describing  the  scenes  enacted  the  previous 
evening,  during  the  progress  of  the  now 
celebrated  demonstration  conducted  by  the 
Asiatic  Exclusion  League  of  that  city. 
Much  comment  has  been  indulged  in  by 
I  he  pi;ess  of  this  country  regarding  the 
affair,  and  in  numerous  instances  the  so- 
called  **agitator*'  has  received  '*serious 
consideration**  at  the  hands  of  our  leading 
journalists.  It  so  happens  that  it  was  my 
privilege  to  be  present  on  that  occasion,  to- 
gether with  C.  O.  Young.  Frank  Cotterill, 
George  Listman  and  J.  W.  Blaine,  all  resi- 
dents of  Seattle,  and  J.  E.  Campbell,  of 
Everett,  Wash.  This  visit  across  the  in- 
ternational boundary  line  was  inspired  for 
the  reason  that  provincial  newspapers  had 
given  general  publicity  that  a  demonstra- 
tion was  to  be  held  on  the  evening  of  Sep- 
tember 7,  and  from  the  further  fact  that 
the  trade  unionists  of  this  country  are 
vitally  concerned  in  the  wholesale  importa- 
tion of  coolie  labor  to  our  shores.  There 
was  not  a  single  individual  in  Vancouver 
who  knew  of  our  coming,  neither  had  any 
member  of  our  party  received  an  invitation 
to  be  present.  This  observation  is  made 
for  the  reason  that  it  has  been  intimated 
that  American  influence  was  responsible 
for  the  intensity  of  feeling  exhibited  against 
the  Orientals  and  also  instigated  the  de- 
struction of  the  buildings  occupied  by  them. 
Nothing,  however,  could  be  more  remote 
from  the  truth. 

Upon  our  arrival  in  Vancouver,  Saturday 
noon,  we  commenced  a  tour  of  inspection, 
and  on  every  hand  we  were  met  with  China- 
men and  Japanese  employed  in  numerous 
capacities.  At  the  intersections  of  the 
prominent  business  thoroughfares  there 
were  large  banners  stretched  over  wooden 
frames  and  placed  against  electric-car  poles 
for  support,  bearing  various  inscriptions, 
announcing  the  meeting  to  be  held  that 
evening  in  the  city  hall.  The  dominant 
note  running  through  the  announcements 
was  crystallized  in  the  following  words: 
*'We  stand  for  a  white  Canada.'*  In  con- 
versation with  individual  residents  stolid 
reticence  was  the  chief  characteristic  noted, 
indicating  that  there  was  a  strong  under- 
current of  feeling  running.     Not  a  single 


inflammatory  utterance  was  heard  upon  the 
street  or  in  private  conference. 

At  7  o'clock  in  the  evening,  the  time  an- 
nounced for  the  assembling  of  the  proces- 
sion to  march  to  the  city  hall,  we  repaired 
to  the  Cambie-street  grounds,  where  some 
700  people  had  gathered  to  participate  in 
the  parade.  It  was  approximately  twenty 
blocks  from  the  Cambie-street  grounds  to 
the  city  hall,  and,  with  the  nucleus  of  700 
above  mentioned,  the  procession  contained 
10,000  people  ere  it  reached  its  destination. 

The  streets  traversed  by  this  large  body 
of  marchers,  on  either  side,  was  flanked 
by  interested  spectators.  One  of  the  most 
notable  features  of  this  vast  throng  of 
moving  men  was  the  absence  of  shouting, 
the  only  thirtg  to  be  heard,  aside  from 
the  tread  of  the  marchers,  being  the 
strains  of  '*Rule  Britannia"  and  ''The 
Maple  Leaf  Forever,'*  with  the  drum 
corps,  as  an  interlude,  beating  an  inspiring 
tattoo. 

Large  banners,  12  feet  in  length  by  three 
feet  wide,  extending  across  the  four-abreast 
column,  were  attached  to  two  uprights  and 
carried  at  intervals,  the  inscriptions  typify- 
ing the  motives  that  actuated  the  demon- 
stration, some  of  them  containing  the 
following: 

'*Stand  for  a  White  CanaBa.*' 

* 'Steamer  Monteagle  will  arrive  here 
September  11th  with  900  Hindus,  1,100 
Chinamen,  and  a  bunch  of  Japs.*' 

The  most  interesting  banner  carried, 
however,  was  that  borne  by  those  who 
marched  just  behind  the  drum  corps,  being 
a  delegation  of  old  soldiers  who  had  served 
with  distinction,  and  on  many  of  whose 
breasts  hung  the  Victorian  cross.  The  word- 
ing of  this  banner  was  suggestive: 

*  *  We  Have  Fought  for  the  Empire  and 
Are  Ready  to  Fight  Again.** 

Closing  the  procession  was  presented  the 
following  in  extraordinary  sized  letters: 
••What  Shall  We  Do  to  Be  Saved?'*  Aside 
from  these  there  were  thousands  of  badges 
worn  by  the  paraders  and  others,  having 
printed  thereon:  **  Asiatic  Exclusion 
League — White  Canada.**  There  were  also 
pennant  shaped  banners  attached  to  canes 
bearingthefollowingmotto:  **WhiteCanada  ' 
for  us.*! 

One  other  distinctive   feature   was  the 

effigy  of  Lieutenant-Governor  Dunsmuir, 

which  was  carried  in  an  elevated  position, 

and  labeled  with  the  declaration  that  it  waa 

igi  ize      y  g 


868 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


to  be  burned  at  the  city  hall,  which  was 
done. 

The  vast  concourse  of  people  finally  ar- 
rived at  the  city  hall,  but  that  building  was 
totally  inadequate  to  accommodate  approxi- 
mately 30,000  people,  the  number  esti- 
mated to  be  gathered  within  four  blocks 
square.  Overflow  meetings  were  conse- 
quently held  in  the  open  air.  Our  party 
was  invited  to  occupy  seats  upon  the  plat- 
form in  the  hall,  and  the  invitation  was 
accepted. 

A  gentleman  named  A.  W.  Von  Rhein 
presided,  and  introduced  as  the  first  speaker 
Rev.  Dr.  Fraser,  a  prominent  divine  of  that 
city.  He  expressed  himself  in  a  nuost  force- 
ful mannef ,  and  stated  that  he  was  body 
and  spirit  with  the  movement,  as  he  almost 
felt  that  unless  some  steps  were  taken  to 
stop  the  influx  his  own  pulpit  would  soon 
be  in  the  hands  of  a  Jap  or  Chinaman.  There 
was  no  such  thing  as  this  cheap  or  common 
labor  that  was  talked  about.  It  was  pure 
Anglo-Saxon  blood  that  had  made  the  em- 
pire, and  it  would  never  have  been  made 
with  a  mixture  of  Asiatic  blood. 

Rev.  G.  H.  Wilson,  another  prominent 
clergyman,  also  expressed  his  sympathy 
with  total  exclusion. 

J.  E.  Wilson,  a  New  Zealander,  made  the 
speech  of  the  evening,  he  being  familiar 
with  the  conditions  existing  in  the  various 
dependencies  of  Great  Britain.  He  drew 
vivid  illustrations  of  the  horrors  of  the 
Rand' and  the  lives  of  the  Orientals  in  the 
Australian  cities.*  He  said: 

The  Chinaman  lives  on  the  smell  of  an  oil  rag 
the  whole  year  ronnd.  In  Natal  they  had  driven 
out  the  whole  people  till  there  was  no  one  to  read 
the  newspiipers  and  no  white  pupils  for  the  schools. 
In  the  Chinese  quarters  in  Melbourne  they  slept  on 
straw  in  their  warrens  and  dragged  others  down 
in  their  degradation.  In  New  Zealand  they  had 
excluded  them  till  there  were  only  about  twenty- 
eight  hundred  left,  and  now  they  were  proposing 
to  deport  these  and  compensate  them  for  their  be- 
longings. Let  Canada  say  to  England  as  Australia 
had  said:  *  How  can  you  expect  us  to  help  you 
fi^ht  the  whiles  if  you  will  not  htlp  us  figbt  the 
blacks?' 

Only  one  member  of  our  delegation  was 
invited  to  address  the  meeting,  C.  O.  Voungt 
and  he  exercbed  judgment  in  cotniseling 
moderation  in  dealing  with  the  vexed  ques- 
tion confronting  the  British  Columbians. 
Not  an  inflammatory  word  was  uttered  by 
a  single  speaker,  but  there  was  evidence  at 
hand  which  signified  that  the  inhabitants  of 
Vancouver  were  determined  to  j>o  impress 


the  Dominion  government  by  their  earnest- 
ness that  action  would  be  taken  to  relieve 
the  metropolis  of  the  western  province  from 
the  Asiatic  hordes. 

Coincident  with  the  enactment  of  these 
history-making  scenes  was  the  arrival  of 
Mr.  Ishii,  special  envoy  of  the  Japanese 
government,  who  has  been  commissioned 
to  visit  this  continent  to  investigate  the 
question  of  Japanese  immigration,  he 
having  come  direct  from  Seattle.  Althongh 
it  was  generally  known  that  he  would 
arrive  in  Vancouver  at  a  late  hour  no 
demonstration  attended  his  advent  into  the 
city. 

At  the  last  session  of  the  provincial  legis- 
lature of  British  Columbia  there  was  passed, 
by  a  large  majority,  a  bill  known  as  the 
Natal  Act.  This  act  derives  its  name  from 
the  colony  in  Africa,  where  a  similar  act 
was  passed  and  "allowed.**  The  act  pro- 
vided that  all  aliens  shall  be  compelled  to 
make  out  and  sign  * 'entrance*'  papers  in 
the  English  language  before  being  per- 
mitted to  land  in  the  province.  Notwith- 
standing that  the  people  of  the  province 
were  practically  a  unit  in  favor  of  this 
legislation,  Lieutenant-Governor  Dunsmuir 
''disallowed*'  the  measure,  and  it  became 
inoperative.  The  intricacies  of  Dominion 
legislative  methods  are  somewhat  difficult 
of  comprehension.  It  appears  that  this 
same  act  or  a  similar  one  has  been  passed 
at  previous  sessions  of  the  British  Colum- 
bia legislature  and  "disallowed"  by  the 
government  at  Ottawa,  and  it  was  force- 
fully stated  by  a  number  of  speakers  upon 
the  platform,  as  well  as  the  opposition 
press,  that  the  lieutenant-governor  was 
acting  under  instructions  from  Ottawa  in 
"disallowing**  the  Natal  Act  passed  at  the 
last  session  of  the  legislature. 

On  the  Pacific  coast  the  Oriental  immi- 
gration question  is  becoming  an  exceed- 
ingly interesting  one,  vast  numbers  of 
Japanese,  Chinese  and  Hindus  encroaching 
upon  the  positions  formerly  held  by  wlalte 
men  and  women  at  a  greatly  reduced  frage 
scale.  In  nearly  every  instance  these 
Asiatics  are  farmed  out  by  Oriental  com* 
panies,  and  the  men  who  perfonn  the  work 
have  no  dealings  with  their  employers 
whatsoever — a  system  of  |>eotiiigi:  that  is 
entirely  out  of  barmrny  with  American  in* 
St  it  Lit  Ions.  It  ba!t  l>eeti  a  taatler  of  com* 
men  knowledge  that  Orientals  have  beeti 
pouring  into  Vancouver  J^iiemflje  rule. 

Digitized  by  V^jOO) 


CANADIAN  ANTI- ASIATIC  DEMONSTRATION 


869 


the  steamship  Indiana  having  been  chartered 
to  land  a  mixed  cargo  of  5,000  within  fifty 
days.  The  steamship  Monteagle  was  due 
on  September  11  with  2,000  more,  and 
every  steamer  from  the  Orient  was  adding 
a  liberal  supply.  Vancouver  claims  a  pop- 
ulation of  70,000,  and  of  this  it  is  conser- 
vatively estimated  that  fully  20,000  are 
natives  of  the  far  east.  With  the  vast 
number  in  transit,  added  to  the  present 
Asiatic  population,  it  is  not  difficult  to  dis- 
cern that  the  standards  maintained  by  the 
white  man  must  be  leveled  to  that  of  the 
Oriental.  The  Japanese  quarter  boasts  of 
a  bank  and'  a  daily  newspaper,  tpgether 
with  many  mercantile  houses.  The  Japa- 
nese are  organized  into  an  association. 
This  association,  however,  is  the  creation 
of  the  Oriental  Trading  Company,  with 
offices  in  the  larger  coast  cities.  Its  mem- 
bers are  completely  subservient  to  the 
Oriental  Trading  Company, which  furnishes 
each  band  of  Japs  farmed  out  with  food 
and  raiment  from  the  headquarters  of  the 
company,  and  officiates  in  the  collection  of 
wages  due. 

On  reliable  authority  it  was  shown  that 
the  Japanese  are  receiving  but  $1 5  to  $20 
per  month  in  many  instances,  this  pittance 
serving  to  compensate  for  the  standard  of 
living  employed  by  them.  This,  in  brief, 
is  the  condition  confronting  the  people  just 
across  the  boundary  line,  and  the  commun- 
ity is  beginning  to  feel  the  onerous  burden 
placed  upon  it  by  being  compelled  to  accept 
a  condition  where  cheap  labor  saps  the 
vitality  from  the  white  wage-earner  in  de- 
creasing his  ability  to  consume  in  ever- 
increasing  quantities,  while  his  place  is 
filled  by  Orientals  whose  consuming  power 
is  reduced  to  a  minimum,  and  their  needs 
supplied  entirely  by  those  of  their  own  race. 
But  American  interest  does  not  end  here, 
for  these  Asiatics  are  filtering  across  the 
line  into  our  territory,  and  in  the  city  of 
Seattle  and  adjoining  towns  great  numbers 
are  appearing.  In  one  large  jewelry  manu- 
facturing establishment  in  Seattle  Japanese 
are  placed  alongside  white  girls  in  the 
workshop.  This  business  enterprise  is  what 
is  termed  by  the  * 'talent'*  an  *'open  shop.'* 
But  when  it  is  stated  (and  it  is  coming  to 
be  a  matter  of  common  knowledge)  that 
the  Jap  is  a  moral  derelict,  it  certainly  be- 
comes an  inspiring  spectacle  to  behold  the 
young  white  girl,  compelled  by  force  of 
cinmmstances  to  labor,  thrown  in  compul- 


sory companionship  with  yellow  skins  who 
have  no  regard  for  that  which  beautifies 
the  home  life  of  our  working  people — virtue. 
And  this  is  done  that  this  jewelry  manu- 
facturing company  may  run  the  so-called 
*'open  shop"  and  add  a  trifle  more  to  its 
profits.  Innumerable  instances  of  like  char- 
acter have  come  under  my  observation. 
This  is  but  the  shadow  cast  of  what  will 
be  the  general  custom  among  unscrupu- 
lous employers  when  opportunity  presents 
itself. 

The  vast  outpouring  of  people  partici- 
pating   in    the  Vancouver  demonstration 
represented  12  times  the  numerical  strength 
of  organized  labor  in  the  Dominion  city. 
This  in  itself  indicates  the  widespread  an- 
tipathy of  the  general  public  to  the  inva- 
sion of  their  country  by  the  human  prod- 
ucts of  a  dwarfed  civilization.     If  it  were 
possible  at  this  time  to  obtain  the  full  de- 
tails of  this  bold  scheme  to  submerge  the 
working  people  by  a  flood  of  Asiatics,  it 
would  be  found,    without  question,    that 
corporate  influence  is  exerting  its  utmost 
endeavor  to  promote  these  wholesale  im- 
portations.    In  defense  of  this  assertion  it 
is  only  necessary  to  add  that  in  order  to 
land  upon  British  Columbia  soil  the  Asiat- 
ics are  required  to  produce  a  certain  sum 
of  money,  but  on  disembarking,  after  ex- 
posing the  required  amount  of  funds  to  the 
view  of  the  proper  customs  officer,  they  are 
immediately    marched     to     a    convenient 
near-by  place  and  compelled  to  **deposit'* 
these  funds  with  the  **chaperone'*  that  they 
may   be   conserved  to  * 'comply  with  the 
law''   in   landing  a  similar  cargo  in  the 
future.     Upon  every  hand  cumulative  evi- 
dence is  seen  which  indicates  that  great 
interests  are  aiding  in  the  carrying  out  of 
this  nefarious  scheme,  but  with  the  same 
application  of  those  observing  methods  it 
is  apparent  that  there  is  a  smoldering  senti- 
ment in  the  breasts  of  the  citizens  of  the 
Pacific     Coast,    the     only    outward    ex- 
pression   of    which    is   manifest   by     the 
protests    occasionally    made    to    our    na- 
tional     lawmakers      to      afford      relief. 
Too     high     an     estimate     can     not    be 
placed  upon  the  law-abiding  and  patriotic 
propensity  of  the  people  of  the  western  ' 
slope.     They   have  used   every   efforts  to 
arouse  our  statesmen   from  their  lethargy; 
they  have  pleaded  that  barriers  be   erected 
for  the  protection  of  the  honest  and  indus- 
trious workman.  Digitized  by  ^OOQlC 


870  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


EDITORIAL 


By  SAMUEL  GOMPERS. 

The  annual  convention  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  now 
takes  its  place  as  one  of  the  notable  events  of  the  year.  The  deliberations 
jHE  o^  these  few  hundred  representatives  of  millions  of  wage- 

NORFOLK  workers  touch  so  many  phases  of  civic  and  industrial  life, 

CONVENTION,  deal  with  so  many  vital  problems  pertaining  to  the  general 
welfare  that  public  attention  is  sharply  focussed  on  the  action  of  the  Amer- 
ican Federation  of  Labor  Convention. 

This  year  the  twenty-seventh  annual  convention  will  be  held  at  Nor- 
folk, Va.,  beginning  November  11th  and  holding  daily  sessions  until  the 
vast  mass  of  business  before  it  shall  be  disposed  of. 

The  historical  associations  recalled  by  the  Jamestown  Exposition  are 
dear  to  the  wage-workers,  who  find  themselves  in  this  day  and  age  carry- 
ing on  the  good  work  of  the  forefathers  and  marching  in  the  vanguard  of 
those  who  fervently  desire  that  the  free  institutions  of  our  country  shall  be 
preserved  in  their  original  spirit  and  wisely  adapted  to  the  changing  con- 
ditions of  civilization  in  order  that  our  people  may  constantly  share  more 
greatly  in  those  things  which  make  life,  liberty,  and  the  pursuit  of  happi- 
ness not  merely  empty  sounding  phrases  but  the  glowing  trinity  of 
existence. 

Each  annual  convention  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  is  truly 
more  important  than  its  predecessors.  Our  Federation  yearly  grows  in 
numbers,  influence,  and  scope  of  activity.  As  a  corollary  it  can  be  inferred 
that  the  opposition  of  those,  who  would  exploit  humanity  for  private  gain 
grows  more  desperate  as  an  enlightened  public  opinion  and  the  strength  of 
the  organized  workers  compel  a  greater  degree  of  justice  for  the  workers. 
In  the  constantly  growing  spirit  of  harmony  and  solidarity  among  our 
members  is  found  reason  for  congratulation.  The  work  of  organization 
goes  on  steadfastly  and  persistently.  Even  those  yet  unorganized  look  to 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor  for  protection  and  help — and  not  in 
vain. 

The  trade  union  movement  as  voiced  by  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  is  a  basic  and  logically  necessary  accompaniment  of  present  indus- 
trial conditions.  These  conditions  are  kaleidoscopic  in  their  consUtit 
change,  but  the  fundamental  economic  principles  remain,  and  doubtless  we 
apprehend  them  more  clearly,  as  they  evolve  in  new  combinations.  Tiic 
trade  union,  while  adhering  to  certain  policies  which  experience  ha^^hown 
to  be  wise,  daily  grows  and  learns  and  readily  adapts  it r elf  to  every  nifW 
requirement  of  the  time  in  which  it  fionrishes.  It  ts  lU  once  the  jnapiratioiii 
the  teacher,  and  the  defender  of  its  members^ aye,  of  the  tnaiises  ii!i  n  wbcsle. 

Experience  has  proved  the  utility  of  a  compftyafaw»a*y|H||flll   i%ftH^ 
delegates  in  a  conventioti  lo  represent  th^  x^is^^^      Digitized 


f 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  m 

The  system  of  representation  which  has  been  found  most  feasible  and  work- 
able is  that  which  gives  one  delegate  to  an  international  union  until  it 
reached  a  membership  of  4,000;  two  delegates  for  8,000;  three  for  16,000; 
four  for  32,000.  and  so  on.  The  state  federations,  city  central  bodies,  and 
federal  unions  are  represented  by  one  delegate  each.  We  are  sometimes 
asked  why  we  do  not  increase  the  number  of  delegates.  We  answer  that 
we  find  that  the  comparatively  few  representatives  from  each  organization  re- 
flect the  ideas  of  their  constituents  quite  as  accurately  as  a  greater  number, 
and  the  international  unions  themselves  feel  that  the  money  which  would 
be  spent  in  sending  a  large  number  of  delegates  can  be  better  used  in  ex- 
tending organization  and  doing  educational  work.  That  the  system  of 
small  representation  is  satisfactory  to  the  international  unions  concerned 
is  shown  by  the  fact  that  there  is  practically  never  a  complaint  that  their 
delegates  fail  to  represent  the  views  of  the  membership. 

From  the  standpoint  of  a  successful  convention  it  is  found  that  the 
300  or  400  delegates  form  quite  a  large  enough  body  for  intelligent  and 
careful  and  rapid  deliberation. 

Probably  at  no  convention  preceding  this  about  to  be  held  at  Norfolk 
has  there  been  so  many  questions  of  public  importance  to  be  discussed  and 
acted  upon.  The  delegates  will  bring  all  their  energies  to  the  consideration 
of  the  economic  and  governmental  problems  which  have  arisen  recently  or 
which  loom  upon  the  horizon. 

The  deliberations  of  our  convention  are  always  public  and  the  attend- 
ance of  both  friends  and  enemies  is  welcomed,  to  the  capacity  of  the  hall 
where  the  sessions  are  held.  The  utmost  freedom  and  latitude  of  debate  is 
encouraged.  Because  of  this  freedom  of  expression  it  is  impossible  to  fore- 
cast the  action  of  the  convention  on  the  many  important  questions  which 
will  come  before  it. 

The  review  of  events  since  the  last  convention,  the  consideration  of 
progress  made,  and  a  survey  of  the  present  situation  in  the  industrial  work, 
are  a  part  of  the  important  work,  because  upon  this  accurate  and  detailed 
knowledge  must  be  predicated  much  of  the  work  mapped  out  for  the 
coming  year. 

One  of  the  greatest  benefits  of  annual  conventions  is  that  they  render 
easy  a  general  interchange  of  thought  among  the  representatives  of  all  our 
affiliated .  bodies,  which  would  be  possible  in  no  other  way.  Delegates 
come  there  seriously  determined  to  achieve  what  is  best  for  organized  labor 
as  a  whole.  Many  of  them  are  men  of  wide  experience  holding  important 
and  responsible  positions  in  their  own  unions.  Though  the  pre-conceived 
opinions  of  the  individual  are  often  much  modified  in  the  progress  of  debate, 
yet  who  can  doubt  that  the  work  of  the  convention  expresses  the  best 
judgment  and  highest  wisdom  of  the  associated  delegates  and  the  vast 
army  of  workers  whom  they  represent. 

The  recent  fierce  attacks  upon  organized  labor  from  such  sources  as 
the  National  Manufacturers'  Association  and  the  insidious  efforts  on  the 
part  of  corporate  power  to  divert  the  courts  from  their  proper  functions  and 
thus  deny  Labor,  its  rights  and  its  proper  protection,  and,  also,  approaching 
political  events,  serve  to  bring  together  our  representatives  in  a  spigtJ^Qlc 


872  AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 

earnestness  and  enthusiasm  which  promises  well  for  the  results  of  their  deli- 
berations. The  great  responsibility  of  reflecting  aright  the  desires  and 
aspirations  of  so  large  a  body  of  intelligent  wage-workers  is  recognized  by 
those  whom  they  have  honored  with  their  confidence,  but  with  an  appre- 
ciation of  the  duty  involved  comes  the  ability  to  serve  faithfully  and 
efficiently  those  who  wait  only  the  word  to  carry  into  every  part  of  this 
nation — aye,  even  to  its  dependencies — the  good  work  which  the  conven- 
tion recommends. 

The  delegates  to  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  convention  this 
year  will  be  found  fully  alive  to  the  historic  role  of  the  trade  union  in 
defending  the  rights  and  liberties  of  the  common  people.  They  will  be 
active  in  pointing  out  dangers  and  suggesting  adequate  safeguards,  no 
matter  how  arduous,  dangerous  or  unpopular  may  be  this  task  from  the 
average  point  of  view.  Even  more,  the  trade  unions  through  the  good 
work  of  the  convention  will  inspire  their  members  with  the  high  spirit 
which  will  keep  them  now,  as  always,  struggling  to  secure  for  the  workers 
their  true  share  in  an  advancing  and  complex  civilization.  The  convention 
this  year  has  indeed  before  it  a  noble  work  and  one  which  every  delegate 
will  aid  in  prefdrming  creditably. 


Mr.  Taft  is  continuing  his  speech-making  tour  in  the  Orient.     As*  an 

avowed  aspirant  for  the  presidential  nomination,  the  expression  of  his 

views  on  public  questions  assumes  importance  in  public 

iNjuNCTinN     ^^i^a^ioOf  because  such   utterance  are  indicative  of  his 

_         future  policy  should  Mr.  Taft's  aspirations  find  fulfillment 
CANDIOAiE. 

in  the  highest  office  within  the  power  of  the  people  to  bestow. 

Our  discussion  in   the  last  issue  of  the  American  Federationist    of 

Secretary  Taft*s  position  on  the  injunction  as  wrongfully  applied  to  Labor, 

was  widely  quoted  and  commented  upon  by  the  daily  press  of  the  country. 

The  editorial  was  reproduced  with  approving  comment  in  many  of  the 

weekly  labor  papers  and  official  journals  of  national  unions. 

Expressions  of  approval  from  various  gatherings  of  labor  indicate  how 
strong  is  the  feeling  that  the  injunction  abuse  must  be  remedied — not  per- 
petuated as  is  the  avowed  intention  of  Mr.  Taft. 

Our  protest  against  Mr.  Taft*s  expressed  desire  to  continue  and  extend 
the  application  of  the  injunction  to  Labor,  has  been  received  with  a  variety 
of  comment  by  the  daily  press.  At  this  time  it  is  unnecessary  to  recount 
in  detail  its  attitude.  We  consider  their  comment,  whether  favorable 
or  otherwise,  an  indication  of  how  greatly  the  public  is  concerned  and 
interested  in  the  abuse  of  the  injunction  power  against  which  Labor, 
as  the  victim,  has  every  reason  to  vigorously  protest. 

On  account  of  lack  of  space  we  were  unable  to  deal  with  all  phases  of 
Secretary  Taft's  recent  injunction  utterances  in  the  last  issue  of  the  Amer- 
ican Federationist.     They  will  receive  consideration  now. 

Mr.  Taft  was  tendered  a  banquet  by  the  business  men  of  Seattle  on 
the  evening  before  he  was  to  sail  for  the  Orient.  It  was  there  that  he  let 
himself  loose,  and  as  his  press  agent  declared,  *' sailed  right  into''  labor 
on  the  injunction  question.  Digitized  by  L^OOglC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  m 

He  assailed  the  men  active  in  the  movement  to  secure  justice  for  the 
toilers,  who  in  these  efforts  would  not  for  their  lives  do  an  injustice  to  their 
fellow-men.     But  this  is  of  minor  consideration. 

The  fact  is  that  Mr.  Taft  charged  labor  with  an  ofiFense  which  he  could 
.  not  help  kno.wing  was  untrue.  He  charged  that  it  was  labor's  purpose  to 
create  **  a  privileged  class  of  wrongdoers.** 

What  did  Mr.  Taft  have  in  mind  to  accomplish  by  that  utterance? 
What  had  he  in  mind  to  charge?  The  first  question  we  have  already  an- 
swered. To  placate  the  money  power  for  any  umbrage  which  it  may 
have  taken  at  his  other  remarks. 

The  second  question  requires  some  further  consideration.  There  was 
no  necessity  for  his  reference  to  injunctions  in  labor  disputes.  It  was  not 
on  the  tapis  for  consideration.  It  was  not  apropos  of  any  matter  under 
discussion,  or  of  his  ''  mission'*  as  a  candidate  for  the  presidency.  It  was 
as  unprovoked  and  uncalled  for  as  it  was  unnecessary. 

But  what  did  Mr.  Taft  have  in  mind  to  charge  labor  with  doing  ? 

Are  the  working  people  of  our  country  wrongdoers  ?  They  produce 
the  wealth  of  our  country;  they  work  and  work,  and  for  their  work 
receive  the  pittance  of  a  miserable  reward  ;  they  make  our  country  blossom 
like  a  rose,  yet  many  live  in  tenements,  slums,  and  sweatshops  ;  they  make 
our  country  beautiful,  strong  and  powerful,  and  yet  are  denied  by  him  and 
his,  the  justice  which  the  Constitution  of  our  country  guarantees  them  of 
equality,  with  all  other  citizens,  before  the  law. 

If  the  workingmen  of  our  country  will  not  bestir  themselves  and  avail 
themselves  of  their  power  to  once  for  all  abolish  the  injustice  done  them 
and  to  secure  the  rights  which  are  theirs,  there  may  be  some  reason  in  Mr. 
Taft's  charge  that  they  are  wrongdoers,  not  a  privileged  class,  but  a  de- 
moralized, enslaved  class  of  wrongdoers  to  themselves,  to  their  fellows, 
and  to  posterity. 

But  in  its  essence  and  results,  would  Labor's  efforts  to  secure  relief 
from  the  admitted  abuse  of  the  injunction  writ  make  the  workingmep 
**a  privileged  class  of  wrongdoers'*  in  the  sense  that  they  would  be 
privileged  to  commit  crimes  or  unlawful  acts  without  punishment  ?  Let 
us  see.     What  does  labor  ask  at  the  hands  of  the  lawmakers  ? 

Labor  asks  and  demands  that  the  courts  shall  treat  every  citizen 
alike. 

That  inasmuch  as  an  injunction  is  never  issued  to  enjoin  other  citizens 
from  the  exercise  of  their  personal  rights,  their  personal  freedom,  it  should 
never  be  issued  to  enjoin  or  deny  the  personal  liberty,  the  personal  freedom 
of  workingmen. 

Labor  asks  no  immunity  or  special  privilege  for  any  one,  whether 
laborer  or  other,  for  any  unlawful  act;  but  it  does  insist  upon  equality 
before  the  law  for  every  citizen  and  will  never  cease  its  efforts  until  it 
achieves  justice. 

Mr.  Taft  and  all  else  whom  it  may  concern  should  understand  that 
there  is  a  universality  in  the  law  of  right  and  of  justice,  and  conversely  a 
universality  of  retribution  in  the  course  of  wrong  and  injustice.  To  con- 
cede liberty  and  justice  and  right  is  to  enjoy  it  oneself;   to  impose  cruelt>5 


874  AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 

tyranny,  and   injustice,  to  deny  liberty,  is  to  court  its  reaction  on  one's 
own  head;   in  its  wake  must  come  the  decadence  of  free  institutions. 

In  many  ways  Mr.  Taft  is  a  most  amiable  gentleman  and  a  diplomat. 
Upon  the  question  of  the  abuse  of  the  injonctioii  power  by  which  he 
would  deprive  Labor  of  the  constitutionial  right  of  equality  before 
the  law,  with  all  other  citizens,  he  is  consciously  and  wilfully  hostile 
and  unfair. 

It  is  Mr.  Taft*s  injunction  and  his  opinion  rendered  as  a  federal  judge 
which  judges  in  federal  and  state  courts  have  used  as  a  bjasis  upon  which 
to  constantly  further  encroach  upon  and  invade  the  personal  rights  and 
liberty  of  our  citizens  when  those  citizens  are  workmen. 

It  is  not  the  law  but  the  injunction  and  opinion  of  Judge  Taft  and  the 
injunctions  and  opinions  of  the  judges  who  have  since  followed  his  lead, 
which  are  quoted  against  Labor's  effort  to  secure  legislative  relief  and  jus- 
tice at  the  hands  of  Congress  and  .the  state  legislatures. 

When  during  the  anti-Littlefield  campaign  Mr.  Taft  entered  the  dis- 
trict and  made  one  address  in  which  he  dealt  with  the  injunction  subject, 
it  was  generally  thought  that  he  did  so  under  the  pressure  of  alleged 
**party  duty."  Little  attention  was  paid  by  labor  to  the  views  he  then 
expressed.  It  was  taken  that  he  spoke  for  the  sake  of  * 'consistency  and 
regularity.'*     His  latest  expressions  have  dispelled  that  view. 

It  was  known  for  weeks  in  advance  that  Mr.  Taft  would  make 
a  number  of  addresses  in  several  cities  on  his  way  to  the  Pacific  coast 
where  he  was  to  embark  for  the  Orient;  and  that  in  these  addresses  he 
would  announce  the  policies  upon  which  he  sought  the  highest  office  in  the 
gift  of  the  people  of  our  republic.  He  began  in  his  home  state,  Ohio.  He 
there  addressed  Jhimself  to  the  public  questions  of  a  general  character. 
Upon  reaching  Oklahoma  he  used  all  his  eloquence  and  prestige  of  office  to 
attack  the  state  constitution  which  an  intelligent,  representative  conven- 
tion had  deliberately  and  faithfully  prepared  for  submission  to  the  people 
tor  ratification  or  rejection.  He  urged  its  rejection;  why  ?  Because  in  the 
proposed  constitution  there  were  provisions  which  aimed  to  protect  the 
rights  and  liberties  of  the  people  of  the  new  state,  and  particularly  because 
it  contained  one  provision  which  would  protect  the  rights  of  labor  against 
the  species  of  injunctions  which  Taft  made  famous,  or  otherwise. 

The  people  of  the  proposed  state  of  Oklahoma  ratified  the  constitution 
by  an  overwhelming  vote.  But  that  was  not  due  to  Mr.  Taft's  aid<  And, 
on  second  thought,  perhaps  it  was.  Who  knows  ?  The  people  may  have 
taken  his  "  advice  "  at  its  ''  true  value.'* 

That  Mr.  Taft  in  his  various  speeches  assured  corporate  power  of  hin 
desire  to  offer  the  enslavement  of  labor  as  the  quid  pro  qtw^  for  its  support, 
there  can  be  no  doubt  in  the  mtuds  of  any  thinking  observer, 

W^e  are  not  pessimistic.  On  the  contrary  the  future  of  our  people  and 
our  republic  appears  to  us  brighter,  better,  and  greater  than  ati>ttiit)g  we 
have  known.  But  it  behooves  every  man^  and  particulaily  one  of  great  op- 
portunities, and  still  more  particularly  one  who  aspires  to  the  giette^l 
oG&ce  within  the  gift  of  our  republic,  to  stand  as  a  bulwark  agaittst  tbi: 
reactionary  policy  of  the  denial  of  justice  to  its  people,  DiJFifMlf|wl(B@|mC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  875 

velt  in  his  recent  addresses  recounted  the  rise,  decadence,  and  fall  of  the 
Roman  republic.  Among  the  chief  causes  for  its  destruction  was  the  be- 
stowal of  special  privileges  tipon  the  few  and  the  denial  of  right  and  liberty 
to  the  many — the  workers. 

The  masses  of  the  people  of  the  republic  of  the  United  States  of 
America  have  been  taught  the  lesson.  They  are  of  the  web  and  woof  of 
our  nation.  They  are  determined  that  the  light  and  life  of  our  own  republic 
shall  not  be  extinguished,  but  made  to  shine  brighter,  better,  and  stronger 
for  all  time.  Mr.  Taft,  the  injunction  standard-bearer,  to  the  contrary  not- 
withstanding. 


The  Van  Cleave  anti-boycott  suit  against  the  oflScers  of  the  American 
Federation  of  I^abor  and  others  has  naturally  been  the  subject  of  much  edi- 
IS  THE  torial  remark  by  the  press.   In  some  notable  instances  the 

BOYCOTT  comment  has  been  intelligent,  just,  and  fair.   The  princi- 

UN-AMERICAN?  pies  of  freedom  of  speech  and  the  freedom  of  the  press 
being  valiantly  upheld.  But  we  regret  to  say  that  for  the  most  part  the 
criticism  has  been  lacking  in  intelligence  as  well  as  unfair.  Pew  editors 
seem  to  understand  the  issues  and  principles  involved,  and  still  fewer  have 
the  moral  courage  and  the  honesty,  the  independence  and  the  consistency, 
to  tell  the  truth  about  them.  Some  either  deliberately  misstate  the  facts, 
or  give  the  public  half-truths  and  partial  statements  that  prevent  the 
people  from  seeing  the  truth. 

The  cheap  and  shallow  commentators  are  of  cour.se  delighted  with  the 
Van  Cleave  suit.  The  '* un-American"  boycott,  say  they,  should  have 
been  forbidden  long  since.  These  gentry  can  not  understand  why  the  fight 
on  it  has  been  so  slow  in  coming.  They  assume  there  is  not  the  slightest 
doubt  that  it  will  be  done  away  with  now,  root  and  branch,  forever  and  a 
day. 

But  pray  how  and  from  whence  do  these  scribes  and  screechers  get 
their  authority  for  the  howl,  that  the  boycott  is  un-American  and  ergo  un- 
patriotic? Of  course  observers  will  understand  that  if  the  ignorant,  vicious, 
or  sordid  minded  can  impose  upon  the  public  (often  too  busy  to  apprehend 
the  real  truth  involving  a  great  question  of  liberty  and  right)  the  idea  that 
the  doing  of  a  certain  act  is  un-American  and  unpatriotic,  then  of  course 
prejudice  and  opposition  will  be  aroused  against  the  doers  of  that  act.  Dr. 
Samuel  Johnson  said,  ''patriotism  is  the  last  refuge  of  a  scoundrel." 
The  pretence  of  patriotism  oh  the  part  of  the  scribblers  and  the  insinuation 
of  unpatriotic,  un-American  conduct  on  the  part  of  labor,  instils  the 
suspicion  that  Dr.  Johnson's  cynicism  aptly  fits  our  critics. 

But  whether  or  not  the  boycott  is  really  un-American  and  repugnant 
to  American  thought  and  action  is  a  matter  worthy  of  investigation  and 
elucidation. 

Of  course  it  is  well  known  that  the  term  boycott  originated  in  Ireland 
about  twenty-five  years  ago  during  the  land  agitation  of  the  people  under 
the  leadership  of   Parnell,  Davitt,    and   others.  •  An   absentee   landlord's      ^ 
agent,  Captain  Boycott,  more  cruel  than  the  average,  incurred  the  speciaOQlC 


876 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


resentment  of  the  tenantry.  They  declared  that  they  would  **hold  no  in- 
tercourse with  him  nor  deal  with  him.'*  The  incident  created  world-wide 

• 

interest,  and  since  then  nearly  all  forms  of  social  ostracism,  political  oppo- 
sition (except  by  regular  parties),  or  commercial  discrimination,  whether 
by  business  men  or  by  Labor,  have  been  termed  ''boycotts.*'    A  new  phrase 


A  hlST    of    the  Names   of     tbofel 


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Ihf  Jo  io'unig  Urtmn  jh*uli  ha'vi  bttn  i  firttd  in 

(bf    t  t/f    of    Ju,>ifH. 

County  af  Midd  el.x.  '  '^ 

Sarnur)   Hcndlcy 


J  »hn  BoiUnd 
\\Aiy  B.iinri 
Ktrhxd  Curv 

County   i)i   firiftol. 
Grorgc  Biiffhrman 
Ortinfjr  ©»  Worcrfler, 


County  (>r  Lincoln. 

Jiihn  Kingfbttrjr 

Conntr  of  Brrkftiirt. 
Maik  H.'pkint 
Elipb  Dwight 
Ifmcl  Sioddir4 


tbofe  g 

who  AUDACIOUSLY  continuctQcountcraA  the  urTiT-  1^ 

£0  Sf  MTiMfK  rs  <rt"  the  Body  of  Merchants  thru'out  y^ 

NORTH  AMERICA  }  by  importing  BritiAi  Goodi  \ 

h        coniruy  \q  the  Ag'temeni. 

^       John   Deninrd^ 

(In  Kingbtrref,  almoft  dppoGicVernon'sHead.  -^ 

JajueS'Mc  Mailers, 

(On  Trcai't  Wharf. 

Tat  rick  McMaJlen, 

Y  (Oppoliie  the  Sign  of  the  Lamb. 

-        John  Me'iHj 

(Oppivliif  the  White. Horfe,  and  in  King-Strcci. 

I^aihnniel  RoverSy 

(O|.por;<e  Mr.  Henieifon   Inchci  Store  lower  End  h 

U^illiam  J^ck/hn, 

A<  »h«Bf»zfijH£»cl.CornhiU,neirtheTowii-Houfe. 

Theophilus  LilfiCy 

(Nrar  Mi.Pcmherton'sMceting-HoofefNorrii-End. 

John  Taylor, 

(N-  arly  oppo&te  the  Heart  andCrown  inCornhiU.   |^ 

y^me  6'  Elizabefh  Cnmmmgs, 

(OpivAri'  the  CM  Rnrk  Meriinj;  Houfr,  »U  of  BuAon 

Jfrael  ^f'll/inms,  Efq;  6*  Son, 

(fiadcrt  in  the  Town  of  Hatfield. 

^  And,  Henrj  Barnes, 

^  (Trader  in  the  Town  of  Marlboro' 


h 
h 
h 
h 
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k 

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K  hhhhllhlhl]ihlhhh'^  ^;T  T  T  T  LTJ)T.T■T^T^T  y,    \ 


was  coined  for  a  time-honored  method  of  expressing  in  practical  and  effect- 
ive form  the  displeasure  of  one  or  more  persons  against  unfair  opponents. 

The  coining  of  the  new  phrase,  however,  created  no  new  weapon,  no 
new  right,  no  new  wrong. 

But  to  the  point,  is  the  boycott  in  all  that  the  term  implies  un- 
American? 

All  students  of  American  history  know  that  the  Boston  ** tea  party" 
was  an  American  boycott  against  British  merchants  and  British  government. 

It  is  also  well  known  that  in  various  parts  of  the  American  colonies 
there  was  formed  an   organization  composed  of  zealous  Americ^  C^tH*(^tl^ 


AMERICAN  FED  ERA  TIONIST  877 

for  the  securing  of  fairer  treatment  from  Great  Britain.     A  large  group 

aimed  to  achieve  American  independence. 

That  organization  was  known  as  the  **Sons  and  Daughters  of  liiberty." 
The  hopes  that   they   cherished,    the  aspirations  for  American  inde- 

^ILLIAMJjiCKSON, 

2XiI MPORTE R^2X,  the 
BRAZEN  HEAD, 

North  Side  of  the  TOWN-HOUSE, 
and  Oppofite  the   Town-Pump,  m 
Corn-hilly   BOSTON. 


It  is  defired  diat  the  Sons  and 
Daughters  oi  LIBERTT^ 
would  not  buy  anyone  thing  of 
him,  for  in  lb  doing  they  will  bring 
Difgrace  upon /i^;!^^^x,  and  their 
Pofterityyiox ever 2xA ever y  AMEN. 

BOYCOTTING  POSIER 

pendence  to  which  they  gave  expression,  and  the  acts  done  to  achieve 
this,  were  they  unpatriotic,  un-American?  Did  they  boycott?  Let 
us  see. 

In  the  great  work  of  Prof.  Woodrow  Wilson,  president  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Princeton,  entitled  **History  of  the  American  People*'  there  are 
published   photographic  reproductions  of    printed    boycott    posters  j0^Q[g 


878  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

circulars  issued  by  the  Sons  and  Daughters  of  Liberty  a  few  years  before 
the  beginning  of  the  Revolutionary  War  for  American  independence. 

Because  of  the  historic  value  of  these  documents  and  to  help  dissipate 
the  shallow  pretence  that  Labor  is  guilty  of  acts  un-American  in  concep- 
tion and  purpose,  we  herewith  reproduce  photographic  copies  of  these 
early  American  boycott  posters  and  circulars  just  as  they  were  issued 
about  the  year  1775,  and  just  as  they  appear  in  President  Wilson's  history. 
There  are  three  of  them.  Read  them,  names  and  all.  Then  ponder  over 
them  and  let  each  ask  himself  whether  labor's  boycott  of  today  is  un- 
patriotic, un-American. 

The  true  Sons  of  Liberty 

And  Supporters  of  the  Non-Importation 
Agreement, 

ARE  determined  to  refcnt  any  the  leaft 
Infult  or  Menace  offered  to  any  one  or 
more  of  the  feveral  Committees  ap- 
pointed by  the  Body  at  Faneuil-Hall,  and 
chaftife  any  one  or  more  of  them  as  they 
dcferve  ;  and  will  alfp  fuppori  the  Printers 
in  any  Thing  the  Committees  (hall  defire 
them  to  print. 

<rAS  a  Warning  to.ariy  one  that  fhall 
affront  as  aforefaid,  upon  fure  Infor- 
mation given,  one  of  thefe  Advertife- 
ments  will  be  polled  up  at  the  Door 
or  Dwelling-Houfe  of  the  OflFender. 

HAND-BILL  OP  TRUE  SONS  OP  LIBERTY 

This  set  of  editor-educators — heaven  save  the  mark — who  invoke 
the  eagle's  scream  in  the  effort  to  drown  the  voice  of  labor,  who  clutch  at 
the  heavens  in  the  endeavor  to  becloud  the  fair  name  and  ennobling  pur- 
poses of  the  labor  movement,  do  not  know  or  perhaps  remember  that  even  the 
anthracite  coal  strike  commission  felt  itself  constrained  to  admit  the  legality 
and  propriety  of  primary  boycotts,  and  ventured  to  criticize  only  secondary 
ones.  Its  logic  was  dreadfully  lame,  as  we  showed  at  the  time,  for  if 
we  have  the  right  to  boycott  A,  who  is  unfair,  we  have  the  right  to 
boycott  B  if  he  persists,  in  spite  of  our  requests  and  suasion,  in  dealing 
with  A.  But,  waiving  this  consideration  for  the  present,  the  aforesaid 
wiseacres  of  the  editorial  sanctum  have  not  even  the  sense  to  recognize  that 
primary  boycotts,  no  matter  by  whom,  by  how  many,  or  for  what  reason 
called  and  earned  on.  are  entirely  legal.  ^.^^^^^  by  L^OOg IC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONISr  m 

The  second  set  of  editors,  who  are  a  little  more  intelligent,  we  would 
consider  for  a  moment.  This  class  tries  to  distinguish  between  individual 
boycotts,  or  boycotts  by  small  groups  of  persons,  and  those  by  strong  and 
powerful  unions — locals,  central,  or  national.  The  latter  they  profess  to 
regard  as  illegal  and  immoral,  at  any  rate,  because — because — they  hardly 
know  why.  Presumably  because  such  boycotts  are  effective,  whereas  indi- 
vidual boycotts  are  negligible. 

The  same  fallacious  distinction  used  to  be  made  about  strikes.  It  was 
formerly  held  that  many  men  may  not  strike  in  concert,  because  that 
was  a  ^'conspiracy  to  injure.'*  Today  even  the  lightning-quick  injunction 
judges  admit  that  strikes  on  any  scale  are  lawful,  because  combinations  of 
men  for  legal  purposes  are  not  conspiracies.  Still,  the  courts  have  a 
tendency  to  thoughtlessly  follow  the  unfair  employers  on  the  boycott 
question,  and  stick  to  the  absurd  notion  that  numbers  can  a£Fect  the  moral 
quality  of  an  act  or  method  when  each  individual  in  a  given  number  may 
rightfully  do  the  thing  done  by  the  temporary  or  permanent  group. 

There  is  a  third  class  of  objectors.  We  are  told  by  these  that  a  really 
peaceable  and  inoffensive  boycott  is  within  the  rights  of  all  Americans; 
that  no  court  would  issue  an  omnibus  injunction  forbidding  all  boycotting, 
without  reference  to  circumstances  and  methods.  The  right  of  all  to 
trade  where  and  with  whom  they  please,  to  give  or  withhold  their  patron- 
age, must  be  respected.  The  right  to  ask  others,  in  a  friendly,  quiet  man- 
ner, to  trade  with  one  and  not  to  trade  with  another,  must  also  be  conceded. 
The  right  to  publish  ** white  lists'*  of  considerate,  humane  manufacturers 
and  merchants  can  hardly  be  disputed.  The  Consumers*  League  has  a 
white  list,  which,  by  implication,  suggests  that  those  not  appearing  there 
are  unfair,  and  no  one  has  proposed  .to  enjoin  it  from  circulating 
and  publishing  this  list.  Suppose  sweaters,  exploiters,  hard  hearted  and 
sordid  employers  should  go  into  court  and  ask  that  the  Consumers*  League 
be  prohibited  from  recommending  to  all  fair  and  decent  men  and  women  to 
patronize  their  more  humane  competitors?  Wouldn*t  they  be  laughed  out 
of  court? 

But,  it  is  said  by  those  who  make  all  these  reservations  and  admissions, 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor  and  union  labor  generally  have  not 
limited  themselves  to  peaceable,  gentlemanly,  moral-suasion  boycotts.  It 
is  charged  that  not  only  have  they  circulated  and  published  black  *  'We  Don*t 
Patronize*'  lists  instead  of  white  "We  Patronize**  ones,  but  also  that  they 
have  **coerced'*  men  into  joining  boycotts  that  did  not  concern  them,  have 
resorted  to  bullying,  threats,  aggression,  and  tyranny  for  that  purpose. 
We  are,  in  other  words,  told  that  what  the  injunction  suit  really  aims  at  is 
the  suppression  of  brutal,  immoral,  and  lawleiss  methods  of  forcing  boy- 
cotts on  unwilling  persons,  the  elimination  of  malice  and  abuse  from  the 
sphere  of  industry  and  commerce  affected  by  the  boycotts  of  organized 
'  labor. 

The  trouble  with  these  good  and   conciliatory  people  is  that  they  either 
have  not  read,  or  else  choose  not  to  remember,  the  allegations,  prayer,  and 
relief  sought  in  the  Van  Cleave  suit.    While  all  sorts  of  vague  charges  are    t 
made,  and  the  words,  "intimidation  and  threats  and  malice"  are  libera'^^ 


m  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

used,  the  bill  asks  the  court  to  enjoin  aU  forms  of  boycotting*     No  distinc- 
tions are  made,^  none  were  intended. 

It  is  hypocrisy  to  pretend  that  it  is  violence  and  coercion  that  the 
enemies  of  labor  wish  to  have  enjoined.  There  has  been  no  violence  in  con- 
nection with  the  Federation's  lists  or  their  circulation.  There  is  not  the 
least  danger  of  violence,  and  the  militant  employers  in  the  Van  Cleave  com- 
bine are  well  aware  of  that.  There  have  been  no  improper  threats,  no 
bullying,  no  aggression.  Warnings  of  intended  action  within  legal  limits 
are  not  threats  in  any  objectionable  sense,  and  there  is  no  question  of  malice 
where  only  their  rights  are  exercised  by  those  who  impose  or  join  in  boy- 
cotts for  the  promotion  of  their  interests.  The  case  is  in  the  courts,  but 
in  commenting  upon  it  we  might  wish  that  more  of  our  editors  would  show 
some  sense  and  fairness. 


There  is  perhaps  no  issue  before  the  people  today  in  which  greater 
general  interest  is  felt  than  that  of  trusts,  their  development,  their  policy » 
LABOR  their  effect   upon  civic  and  individual  life.     Few  issues  are 

AND  ITS  more  completely  befogged  to  the  average  mind,  and  this  is 
ATTITUDE  not  necessarily  the  fault  of  the  average  mind.  Many  forces 
TOWARD  are  interested  in  befogging  the  issue.  Then,  too^  the  growth 
TRUSTS,*  ^f  trusts  has  been  so  marvelously  rapid  and  their  influence 
is  felt  in  so  many  directions  that  it  ts  otily  natural  that  the  phenomenom 
of  trust  development  should  be  viewed  with  amazement  and  a  strong 
sense  of  protest  by  those  whose  chief  knowledge  of  its  existence  is  gained 
in  the  pains  and  penalties  of  aneconomicreadjustment  greater  than  civilisa- 
tion has  ever  known  before* 

To  say  that  there  are  '*good  trusts  and  bad  trusts"  is  to  state  a  certain 
bromidic  truism.  But  the  statement  needs  a  broad  foundation  and  some 
explanation  in  order  to  take  its  place  in  the  educational  vocabulary  of  the 
-new  era. 

Instead  of  discussing  the  various  kinds  of  trusts,  good  and  bad,  let  us 
understand  clearly  that  the  trust  is  the  logical  development  of  the  present 
economic  era.  With  the  invention  of  good  artificial  light,  of  machinery 
and  power,  and  their  application  to  industry ^  came  the  modern  industrial 
plants.  With  their  advent  and  development  the  day  of  individual  work- 
man and  individual  employer  passed,  never  to  return. 

The  perception  of  what  a  trust  really  is  becomes  the  more  confused, 
because  the  great  aggregations  of  capital,  loosely  called  bj^  that  name,  differ 
much  in  their  characteristics.  Some  strive  to  monopolize  certain  valuable 
and  necessary  sources  of  natural  wealth ,  in  order  to  completely  control 
production,  and,  in  addition,  undertake  to  monopolize  every  avenue  of  dis- 
tribution so  completely  that  the  consumer  may  be  delivered  to  them,  bound 
hjnd  and  foot«  helpless  against  their  most  exhorbitaut  demaucb,  and  aU 


*  Address  by  Samiiel  Gompers,  president  of  tbe  Atnert^E  FedcmtiocrMif  LAbOfV 
before  the  Cbicago  Conference  on  TrusU,  Octdber,  1907.  Digitized  by  V^jOOQIC 


•    AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  ssi 

this  for  the  enrichment  of  the  few  individuals  who  have  contrived,  in  the 
shifting  elements  of  a  new  era,  to  gain  such  control. 

Yet  this  abuse  of  methods  and  functions  does  not  at  all  invalidate  the 
fact  that  this  is  absolutely  the  era  of  association  as  contrasted  with  indi- 
vidual effort,  nor  does  the  foregoing  characterization  apply  to  all  trusts. 

Serious  problems,  indeed,  confront  us,  but  they  are  not  hopeless.  For 
this  consideration  this  conference  is  partly  called.  In  intelligent  and  associ- 
ated use  of  the  powers  of  the  many  will  be  found  the  solution.  Disorganized 
and  violent  denunciation  is  more  harmful  than  helpful.  Constructive  and 
associated  effort  must  check  and  correct  the  abuses  which  have  grown  so 
rapidly  in  this  era  of  concentrated  methods  of  production  and  distribution. 

TJhe  wage-workers  of  the  country  are  setting  an  example  in  this  respect. 
Their  efforts  willbe  successful  in  proportion  to  the  unity  of  their  effort 
and  the  thoroughness  with  which  the  people  at  large  realize  that  the  masses 
are  one  in  interest  and  have  unlimited  power  to  check  aggression,  if  they 
but  assert  their  rights  and  their  powers  and  use  them  constructively, 
intelligently,  and  with  unswerving  persistence. 

We  can  not,  if  we  would,  turn  back  to  the  primitive  conditions  of 
industry  which  marked  the  early  part  of  the  last  century.  It  is  therefore 
idle  chatter  to  talk  of  annihilating  trusts. 

In  the  association  of  many  persons  in  order  to  secure  the  large  sums 
of  money  necessary  to  finance  modern  industry,  lay  the  germ  of  the  trust. 
We  not  only  can  not  prevent  the  association  of  these  vast  organizations  of 
capital  in  what  we  call  trusts,  but  in  some  sense  we  should  not  wish  ta 
do  so. 

The  trust  is,  economically  speaking,  the  logical  and  inevitable  accom- 
paniment and  development  of  our  modern  commercial  and  industrial  system. 

It  lessens  the  waste  in  production  which  is  bound  to  occur  under 
individual  initiative.  In  fact,  the  trust  may  be  said  to  have  successfully 
solved  the  problem  of  the  greatest  economy  in  production.  It  has,  how- 
ever, other  important  functions  which  as  a  rule  it  does  not  yet  properly 
perform  and  the  failure  in  these  respects  very  justly  arouses  a  wide-spread^ 
and  intense  feeling  of  protest  among  the  masses  of  our  people. 

Asserting  that  the  trust  is  a  logical  and  inevitable  feature  of  our 
modern  system  of  intlustry  is  merely  stating  that  our  modem  plan  of  pro- 
duction, which  for  brevity  and  convenience  we  call  the  trust  system,  is  the 
most  perfect  yet  attained.  We  do  not,  however,  mean  to  imply  by  this 
that  the  individuals  who  form  trusts,  who  manipulate  them,  who  profit  by 
them,  are  logically  and  inevitably,  right  in  many  of  the  methods  they 
employ  or  the  lengths  to  which  they  go.  Neither  do  we  concede  the  argu- 
ment that  these  individuals  who  form  and  manage  trusts  are  so  superior  a 
class  of  beings  that  they  are  entitled  to  the  enormous  largesse  which  many 
of  them  claim  from  the  profits  of  economical  production.  Quite  the  con- 
trary is  the  fact.  Much  of  the  protest  against  trust  methods  is  justly  and 
legitimately  based  on  the  fact  that  trust  promoters,  managers,  and  owners 
seize  and  keep  for  themselves  a  far  greater  share  of  the  profits  of  modern 
production  and  distribution  than  that  to  which  they  are  entitled.  ^ 

Many  of  these  gentlemen  are  merely  fortunate  accidents  in  the  cryst^5lC 


882  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

lization  of  a  new  era.  They  too,  often,  forget  that  they  are  bound  to  give 
accounting,  to  do  justice  to  that  great  force  which  makes  industry  possible — 
the  people — in  their  two  capacities,  as  producers  and  consumers. 

Speaking  for  the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  including  as  it  does 
more  than  two  millions  of  wage-workers,  it  is  scarcely  presumption  when 
I  say  that  I  have  the  right  and  in  part,  at  least,  the  honor  to  represent  the 
masses  in  the  two  capacities  of  producers  and  consumers. 

It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
speaks  for  labor — that  is,  for  the  masses  as  a  whole,  whether  organ- 
ized or  unorganized.  The  trade  union  is  the  only  successful  attempt  to 
give  voice  to  the  *  Voiceless  masses."  In  every  trade,  in  every  community 
where  trade  unions  exist,  they  are  recognized  as  the  spokesmen  of  the 
workers  and  in  fact  of  all  except  the  employing  and  the  idle  rich  classes. 
None  concede  this  more  promptly  than  the  unorganized  themselves,  who 
from  ignorance  or  adverse  environment  may  not  yet  be  able  to  join  the 
ranks  of  the  organized  workers,  but  they  look  to  that  protector  of  their 
rights  as  wage-workers  and  are  glad  to  be  represented  by  their  more  ad- 
vanced fellow- workers. 

The  public  itself  does  not  seriously  question  that  the  trade  unions 
speak  for  all  labor  and  hence  for  the  masses.  This  is  seen  even  more 
clearly  in  places  of  moderate  size  than  in  our  largest  cities  where  the  con- 
stant and  great  influx  of  ignorant  foreign  immigration  continually  tends  to 
disturb  the  normal  industrial  balance. 

It  must  be  remembered  that  the  trade  union  while  not  a  trust  is  just  as 
inevitable  and  logical  a  development  as  the  trust  itself.  The  trade  union 
finds  its  greatest  development  under  the  same  economic  conditions  which 
produce  the  trust;  that,  is  the  introduction  of  machinery,  the  subdivision 
of  industry,  the  adoption  of  vast  and  complicated  systems  of  production 
which  obliterate  the  individuality  of  the  worker  and  thus  force  him  into 
an  association,  but  not  a  trust,  with  his  fellows  in  order  that  collectively 
they  may  protect  their  rights  as  wage  workers  and  as  citizens  and  also 
guard  the  interests  of  all  workers. 

L^t  me  reiterate  most  emphatically  here  and  now  that  the  trade  mtian 
is  not,  and  from  its  zrry  ?iaiitn:  car/  not  bt\  a  irusf.  It  is  sometimes  derisively 
called  a  trust  by  those  who  expose  their  own  ignorance  of  economic  first 
principles  in  making;  such  a  statement. 

The  trade  union  is  the  voiu?ifarv  association  of  the  many  /or  the  htncfit  vff 
id!  the  community.  The  trust  is  the  voluntary  association  of  the  few 
for  their  own  benefit.  The  trade  union  puts  no  limit  upon  its  meml>ership, 
except  that  of  skill  and  character,  it  welcomes  every  wage- worker*  \n 
fact,  its  strength  and  influence  rest  in  its  universal  adoption  by  the  wage- 
workers  as  the  permanent  and  potent  method  of  voicing  their  needs.  Were 
every  wage- worker  in  the  country  a  member  of  organized  labor,  still  would 
there  be  no  labor  trust. 

Trusts  consist  of  organizations  for  the  control  of  the  products  nf  labor, 
I^aborers  have  not  a  product  for  sale.  They  possess  their  tabor  power;  tiiat 
is,  their  power  to  produce*  Certainly  there  can  not  be  a  trust  fn  any- 
thing  which  has  not  been  produced*     Hence,  for  thi$[fj^|ffj|j9^@r(^|@ 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  m 

reason,  it  is  economically  unsound  as  well  as  it  is  untrue  to  designate 
organizations  of  labor  as  trusts. 

The  trade  union,  through  association,  makes  production  more  e£Pective» 
but  unlike  the  trust  it  does  not  seek  a  monopoly  of  the  benefits  for  the  few. 
The  trade  union  ever  seeks  to  distribute  the  benefits  of  modem  methods 
of  production  among  the  many.  It  sets  an  example  that  trust  promoters 
may  well  follow. 

As  producers,  as  wage-workers,  the  organized  men  of  the  country  are 
demonstrating  their  ability  to  cope  with  the  situation.  They  are,  as  a  re- 
sult of  their  own  efforts,  securing  fairer  wages,  more  reasonable  hours  and 
conditions  of  employment. 

It  is  only  fair  to  say  that  the  greatest  and  most  enlightened  combina- 
tions of  capital  in  industry  have  not  seriously  questioned  the  right  and, 
indeed,  the  advisability  of  organization  among  employes.  There  is  econ- 
omy of  time  and  power  and  means  of  placing  responsibility  in  *  'collective 
bargaining"  with  employes  which  bring  the  best  results  for  the  benefit  of 
all. 

Organized  labor  has  less  difificulty  in  dealing  with  large  firms  and  cor- 
porations today  than  with  many  individual  employers  or  small  firms. 

We  have  recently  seen  examples  of  the  bitter  antagonism  to  labor  by 
certain  small  employers,  whose  ideas  of  industry  seem  to  be  medieval  rather 
than  modern.  To  some  extent  they  have  grasped  the  idea  of  organization  or 
association  among  themselves,  but  they  fail  to  concede  the  necessity  of  organi- 
zation among  wage-workers.  In  an  opera  bou£Fe  fashion  they  emulate  the 
robber  barons  of  the  middle  ages,  whose  sole  idea  of  profit  was  to  plunder 
the  individual  whom  they  could  find  at  a  disadvantage. 

The  workers  of  the  country  have  pretty  thoroughly  mastered  the  broad 
economic  truth  that  organization  is  the  watchword  of  modem  industry. 
Labor  concedes  the  right  of  organization  among  employers.  It  is  perfectly 
willing  to  deal  with  such  associations,  provided  its  own  rights  are  not  de- 
nied or  invaded.  To  put  it  more  strongly,  provided  its  rights  are  recog- 
nized and  conceded. 

Wage-workers,  speaking  for  themselves  and  the  masses,  are  certain 
that  they  in  their  capacity  as  producers  will  be  able  to  protect  their  rights 
and  interests.  The  progress  they  have  made  thus  far  justifies  this  con- 
fidence. As  to  the  future  the  workers  are  alert  to  the  dangers  which  beset 
them.  Owing  to  the  logical  basis  on  which  the  trade  union  is  grounded  it 
can  and  will  adapt  its  course  to  every  changing  condition  which  affects  its 
existence  and  progress.  Intelligent  organized  labor  constantly  urges  its 
rightful  demands  on  modem  society. 

The  work  of  organization  will  go  on  with  increasing  vigor  each  year 
until  every  worker,  skilled  and  unskilled,  is  a  member  of  his*  organiza- 
tion and  educated  to  an  understanding  of  his  rights,  both  civic  and  economic, 
and  how  to  lawfully  protect  them. 

When  we  take  up  the  case  of  the  worker  as  a  consumer,  still  speaking 
for  the  masses,  the  situation  is  more  complicated.  The  worker  has  not  yet 
developed  the  same  capacity  to  protect  himself  as  a  consumer  that  he  has 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


884  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

as  a  producer,  or  rather,  to  put  it  more  accurately,  trust  abuses  are  more 
pronounced  in  the  realm  of  distribution. 

Despite  the  lessened  cost  of  production  in  many  trust-controlled 
industries,  it  is  a  self-evident  and  painful  fact  that  prices  in  the  past  decade 
have  steadily  increased  to  the  consumer.  The  toll  so  unjustly  exacted  is 
the  more  exasperating  because  the  trusts  carry  the  same  goods  to  foreign 
marts  and  sell  them  at  a  far  lower  figure  than  in  this  country,  thus  brazenly 
challenging  the  consumers  of  this  country  to  unrest. 

This  control  of  vast  distributing  powers  by  certain  trusts  has  been 
acquired  through  means  which  are  only  beginning  to  be  understood  by  the 
people  at  large — the  consumers. 

In  the  past  two  years  so  much  publicity  has  been  given  .to  trust  asso- 
ciation with  railroads  in  order  to  fleece  the  people  that  it  is  hardly  necessary 
to  refer  to  that  phase  here,  except  to  say  that  honest  investigation  and 
truthful  exposure  of  wrong  conditions  are  as  invigorating  and  healthful  to 
the  growth  of  a  correct  public  opinion  as  fresh  air  and  sunlight  let  in  upon 
the  gloomy  den  of  the  sweater  of  human  labor. 

What  I  have  just  said  as  to  railroad  manipulation  applies  equally  well 
to  exposures  of  illegal  transactions  in  stocks  and  to  political  grafting  high 
and  low. 

Such  information  is  the  first  step  toward  the  building  up  of  a  healthy, 
powerful,  and  honest  public  opinion  which  will  prove  a  Nemesis  to  those 
trust  manipulators  who  have  abused  their  true  civic  and  economic  functions. 

The  organized  wage-workers  are  here,  as  ever,  in  the  vanguard  of 
public  opinion,  co-operating  with  their  fellow-citizens  in  an  earnest  effort 
to  find  the  equitable  remedy  for  the  abuses  uncovered. 

The  courts  of  our  country,  too,  must  come  in  for  their  share  of  atten- 
tion. The  function  of  the  judiciary  is  a  most  vital  one  to  the  perpetuation 
of  our  institutions  and  to  the  progress  of  our  nation.  It  is  to  the  courts 
that  we  must  look  in  many  instances  for  protection  against  assaults  upon 
our  rights  as  citizens. 

yet  it  must  cause  us  all  regret  to  be  compelled  to  say  that  the  courts 
in  too  many  instances  allow  themselves  to  be  bound  by  precedents  which 
either  have  no  application  to  present  industrial  conditions  or  else  such  pre- 
cedents are  twisted  to  apply  most  injuriously  to  cases  to  which  they  never 
were  nu tnueii  h>  E^pply* 

Let  nie  iliusirate  on  one  point — the  abuse  of  injunctions.  In  thb 
respect  we  find  the  courts  creating  new  dicta  which  invariably  oppress  the 
wage-worker  and  encourage  the  abuse  of  corporate  power* 

The  injunction  has  been  changed  from  its  original  beneficent  intent 
(to  protect  property  rights)  and  made  an  instrument  of  oppression  10 
deprive  citizens  (when  they  are  wage-earners)  of  their  personal  rights  and 
liberties-  By  its  abuse  men  are  restrained  from  doing  perfectly  Idwftll 
things  and  then  found  in  contempt  and  sentenced  to  imprisonnient  wUhoist 
trial  by  jury.  It  is  an  alarming  state  of  affairs  when  a  judge  may  first  lay 
down  his  ex  parte  conception  (through  injunction)  of  what  a  ciUxen  nuiy 
or  may  not  do  and  then  hale  the  alleged  offender  before  him  for  jiidgmcni 

Digitized  by  GnOal^ 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  m 

and  sentence  without  trial  by  jury  or  opportunity  for  defense.  The  injunc- 
tion process  as  now  employed  aims  to  deny  liberty  of  the  press  and 
liberty  of  speech.  In  a  case  now  pending,  Mr.  Van  Cleave,  of  St.  Louis, 
endeavors  to  enjoin  the  American  Federationist,  the  official  magazine 
of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  from  stating  the  fact  that  his  em- 
ployes have  found  him  unfair. 

This  may  be  considered  far-fetched  in  one  sense  and  having  nothing 
to  do  with  trusts,  but  th^  deterioration  or  invasion  of  the  courts  bears  a 
marked  coincidence  to  the  comparative  growth  of  corporate  influence  in  re- 
cent years.  I  do  not  charge  nor  intimate  that  judges  are  bribed  or  any- 
thing of  that  sort,  but  there  is  no  doubt  in  the  mind  of  any  careful  observer 
that  vast  corporations  wielding  many  sorts  of  influence  do  find  themselves 
exempt  from  interference  at  the  hands  of  the  courts  even  when  they  break 
the  laws  and  that,  conversely,  the  wage-workers  find  their  rights  and 
liberties  being  curtailed  by  these  same  courts  who  are  so  complaisant  and 
so  dilatory  about  enforcing  sentence  even  when  a  trust  has  been  found 
guilty  of  violation  of  law. 

Permit  me  another  illustration — over  and  over  again  have  wage- workers 
secured  from  legislatures  laws  absolutely  needed  for  the  protection  of  life 
and  health  under  present  industrial  conditions  only  to  have  such  meas- 
ures declared  unconstitutional  by  the  courts. 

We  have  found  Congress  and  legislatures  only  too  dilatory  in  the  passage 
of  laws  necessary  to  protect  the  rights  of  the  people  and  only  too  ready  to 
let  trust  and  corporate  abuses  go  unchecked.  I  do  not  say  these  things 
in  vindictiveness  or  malice.  Had  I  the  time  at  my  disposal  I  could 
amply  prove  by  specific  example  far  more  than  I  charge  here.  I  speak  of 
this  dangerous  tendency  of  the  courts  because  it  is  most  important  that  the 
people  should  awake  to  the  danger  of  such  a  state  of  affairs. 

The  masses — the  consumers — are  somewhat  to  blame  in  that  they  have 
so  far  mostly  contented  themselves  with  restless  protest  instead  of  con- 
structive effort. 

For  the  consumer  to  shout  * *down  with  the  trusts''  because  he  finds 
his  pocket-book  affected  is  no  more  reasonable  than  the  cry  of  *  *smash  the 
machines' '  which  was  once  heard  from  wage- workers  whose  means  of 
livelihood  were  threatened  during  the  period  of  adjustment  in  certain  trades 
while  machinery  was  replacing  hand  labor. 

It  is  easy  to  comment  on  the  short-sightedness  of  the  poor  misguided 
worker  who  had  no  organization  and  no  philosophy  to  tide  him  over  the 
period  of  adjustment  and  who  had  not  yet  learned  to  fit  himself  to  the 
new  conditions,  but.  it  does  not  seem  so  easy  for  many  people  to  see 
that  trust  smashing  is  quite  as  impossible  a  remedy  for  the  evils  which 
now  confront  them. 

It  must  be  trust  reform  in  order  that  our  vaunted  economy  in  produc- 
tion and  distribution  shall  inure  to  all  the  people  to  whatever  degree  they 
are  entitled.  That  reform,  to  be  effective,  must  come  from  another 
sotuce  than  that  now  generally  accepted.  There  must  be  created  a  public 
Opifiloit  which  will  see  to  it  that  the  will  of  the  people  and  not  the  mandate^QTp 
of  WOBnttt  influences  shall  be  paramount.    What  we  want  is  a  more  demo-  O 


886  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 

cratic  spirit  in  the  conduct  of  our  afiFairs,  industrial,  commercial,  executive, 
legislative,  and  judicial. 

Our  courts  must,  indeed,  adapt  themselves  to  changing  conditions,  but 
they  must  do  this  with  the  welfare  of  the  people  as  their  guiding  star. 

If  our  constitution  must  be  construed  liberally  in  order  to  meet  new 
conditions,  let  it  be  construed  to  give  the  masses  the  greater  liberty  and 
freedom  and  happiness  to  which  they  are  entitled  under  the  most  wonderful 
industrial  development  the  world  has  ever  known. 

We  need  not  be  afraid  to  trust  the  people.  On  the  contrary  we  must 
trust  them  more  and  more.  Let  the  aggregations  of  wealth  which  seek  to 
control  our  industries  remember  that  in  the  last  analysis  they  must  depend 
upon  the  labor  and  the  intelligence  and  the  willingness  of  the  masses. 
Without  workers,  who  are  law  abiding  and  intelligent  citizens,  to  produce 
their  goods,  and,  in  turn,  consume  them,  the  trusts  might  as  well  be  in  the 
desert  of  Sahara. 

Let  the  trusts  remember  that  they  will  be  required  to  give  an  account 
of  their  stewardship  to  the  people.  An  assumption  of  Divine  right  and 
trusteeship  is  not  enough;  the  accounting  must  square  with  the  assumption. 

The  greater  the  scope  of  trust  enterprise  the  heavier  its  weight  of 
responsibility  to  those  who  produce  and  consume  its  products. 

This  responsibility  to  the  masses  is  a  very  real  and  vital  thing.  Upon 
a  proper  appreciation  of  it  rests  our  hope  of  national  progress. 

These  words  are  not  uttered  in  a  pessimistic  spirit.  On  the  contrary, 
I  have  full  faith  in  our  ability  as  a  people  to  deal  with  all  problems,  and  I 
believe  that  the  trusts  which  now  abuse  their  powers  can  be  brought  to  see 
that  it  is  better  policy  to  deal  justly  rather  than  unjustly  with  those  whom 
they  serve. 

The  toilers  of  our  country  are  the  most  intelligent  workers  and  great- 
est producers  of  any  of  the  workers  in  any  country.  They  are  law-abiding, 
faithful,  and  patriotic  citizens.  Their  lives,  hopes,  and  aspirations  for  the 
future  are  entwined  in  the  progress  and  advancement  of  our  republic  for 
whose  unity  they  have  fought,  for  whose  perpetuation  they  strive.  They 
have  organized,  united,  and  federated  to  aflfirm  and  maintain  the  principles 
upon  which  the  institutions  of  our  republic  are  founded,  to  make  them  the 
watchword  in  the  every-day  course  of  life  of  all  our  people. 

Labor  aims  to  co-operate  with  all  inllueutial  and  powerful  forces  for 
the  attainment  of  the  greatest  good  to  all  our  people.  Asking  liberty  for 
ourselves,  we  protest  against  its  denial  to  others.  Any  movement  that  \v\\\ 
contribute  to  the  commou  weal  ought  not  and  can  not  be  regarded  as  un* 
lawful  or  improper. 

Labor  and  industry  can  not  be  baited  or  turned  back  to  confortu  to  old 
conceptions  and  old  conditions.  U  deals  with  the  present  and  for  the 
future.  There  must  be  the  largest  liberty  of  action,  the  freest  pos&iitjle  op* 
portunities  for  the  highest  development  and  greatest  es^pansion  of  labor, 
industry,  and  commerce  to  make  for  the  common  good,  for  the  com  mutt 
progress  and  for  civilization. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


887 


What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing. 

Prom  thb  Ati^antic  to  thb  Pacific 

In  tbia  department  is  presented  a  comprehensive  review  of  indnstrial  conditions  throughout  the 
country. 

This  includes : 

A  statement  by  American  Pederation  of  Labor  general  and  local  organizers  of  labor  conditions  in 
their  vicinity. 

Increases  in  wages,  reduction  of  hours,  or  improved  conditions  gained  without  strikes. 

Work  done  for  union  labels. 

Unions  organized  during  the  last  month. 

City  ordinances  or  state  laws  passed  favorable  to  labor. 

Strikes  or  lockouts  ;  causes,  results. 

A  report  of  this  sort  is  rather  a  formidable  task  when  it  is  remembered  that  nearly  1,000  of  the 
orj^anizers  are  volunteers,  doing  the  organizing  work  and  writing  their  reports  after  the  day's  toil  is 
finished  in  factory,  mill,  or  mine. 

The  matter  herewith  presented  is  valuable  to  all  who  take  an  intelligent  interest  in  the  industrial 
development  of  the  country.  It  is  accurate,  varied,  and  comprehensive.  The  information  comes  from 
those  uimiliar  with  the  conditions  of  which  they  write. 

These  organizers  are  themselves  wage-workers.  They  participate  in  the  struggles  of  the  people  for 
better  conditions,  help  to  win  the  victories,  aid  in  securing  legislation — in  short,  do  the  thousand  and 
one  things  that  go  to  round  out  the  practical  labor  movement. 

Through  an  exchange  of  views  in  this  department  the  wage-workers  in  various  sections  of  the 
country  and  the  manifold  branches  of  trade  are  kept  in  close  touch  with  each  other. 

Taken  in  connection  with  the  reports  from  secretaries  of  international  unions,  this  department 
gives  a  luminous  vision  of  industrial  advancement  throughout  the  country. 


FROM  INTERNATIONAL  OFFICERS. 


Bridge  and  Structural  Iron  Workers* 

J.J.  McNamara. — Business  fair  and  trade  con- 
ditions steadily  improving..  We  continue  strong 
opposition  to  the  open  shop  policy  of  the  erectors* 
association.  We  expended  $1,100  in  death  benefits 
recently.  Pifty-two  of  our  members  were  killed  in 
the  collapse  of  the  Quebec  Bridge  across  the  St. 
Lawrence  River.  A  new  union  was  recently  char- 
tered in  San  Jose,  Cal. 

Cutting  Die  and  Cutter  Makers. 

Joseph  J.  Brady. — Trade  conditions  good.  No 
recent  changes  to  report  in  wages  or  hours.  Em- 
ployment steady. 

Freight  Handlers* 

/./.  Flynn. — General  improvement  in  wages  for 
about  seventy  per  cent  of  our  members  have  been 
secured  this  year.  Shorter  workday  has  also 
been  obtained.  We  are  anxious  to  thoroughly  or- 
ganize railway  clerks  and  freight  handlers  of  the 
United  States  and  Canada  as  we  find  that  when 
both  crsfts  are  under  the  same  international  juris- 
diction we  are  able  to  procure  conditions  for  the 
nwmbert  which  under  other  conditions  we  could 
not  do.  No  recent  strikes  to  report.  Have  formed 
n^wnnkmsin  Milwaukee,  Calgary,  and  Alberta, 
Ca&,;aftUliS,  N.  S.,  and  Boston. 


Glass  Workers. 
IVm.  Fi^olah. — Trade  conditions  steady.     New 
unions  have  recently  been  formed   in  Salt  Lake 
City,   Utah,   and   Memphis,   Tenn.    We  paid  out 
|l50  in  death  benefit  during  the  month. 

Lathers. 
Ralph  Brandt. — Trade  continues  good.  At  the 
•  present  writing  we  have  strikes  on  in  Washington, 
D.  C,  and  LouisviUe,  Ky.,  against  open  shop. 
About  100  members  are  affected.  We  have  re- 
cently chartered  new  unions  in  Goldfield,  Nev., 
and  Wilkes  Barre,  Pa. 

Lithographers* 

Jos.  J.  McCafferiy. — We  contemplate  the  amal- 
gamation of  the  various  branches  of  the  litho- 
graphic industry  and  thus  hope  to  improve  the 
general  condition  of  our  trade.  Employment  is 
not  so  plentiful  as  at  some  other  seasons.  We 
have  quite  a  number  of  members  idle. 

Longshoremen. 

John  J.  Joyce. — Nearly  all  our  members  are  reg- 
ularly employed  under  working  agreements  for 
the  year.  No  changes  to  report  in  wages  or  hours. 
New  locals  have  been  formed  in  Duluth  and  Two 
Harbors,  Minn.,  Wilmington,  N.  C  ,  Jacksonville, 
Fla.,  Marquette,  Mich..  »n<J,N^w^otl3%bg IC 


888- 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Papermakers* 
J:  J'  O^  Connor. — ^The  paper  business  is  in  flour- 
ishing condition.  We  have  four  organizers  on  the 
road.  The  men  employed  at  our  trade  are  wide 
awake  to  the  necessity  of  organizing,  and  we  hope, 
with  the  assistance  of  A.  F.  of  L.  organizers  to 
show  visible  results.  Our  men  won  complete  vic- 
tory in  strike  at  (Bellows  Falls,  Vt.,  gaining  the 
eight  hour  day.  We  have  strikes  still  on  at 
Sturgeon  Falls,  Canada,  for  eight  hour  day. 

Print  Ctitten. 
Uios,  I,  Easiivood. — State  of  trade  good  and 
steadily  increasing.     We  are  trying  to  increase 
our  membership. 

Slate  and  Tile  Roofers* 
Wm,  Clark. — We  recently  formed  new  unions  in 
Mobile,   Ala.;  Rutland,   Vt.,   and  Poughkeepsie, 
N.   Y.     State  of    trade  good.      Employment  has 
been  steady  for  several  months. 

Steam  Engineers* 
R.  A.  McKee. — During  the  past  three  months 
we  have  organized  new  unions  in  Monaca,  Pa.: 
Moberly,  Mo.;  Contra,  Costa  County,  Cal.;  Easton, 
Pa.;  North  Adams,  Mass.;  Chattanooga,  Tenn.; 
Omaha,  Nebr.;  Montreal,  Canada;  Fort  Worth, 
Texas;  Lancaster,  Pa.;  and  Quartz,  Cal.  Our  total 
membership  is  now  about  17,500,  and  is  steadily 
increasing. 


Stove  Mounters. 

J,  H.  Kaefer. — Our  organization  has  in  several 
places  secured  the  nine  hour  day  and  better  wa^rs 
and  piece  prices  for  its  members.  We  are  znakiog 
determined  efforts  to  shorten  the  workday  from 
ten  to  nine  hours  for  all  our  members  and  intend 
to  win.  Trade  fair  in  our  industry.  New  locals  were 
recently  or  ganized  in  South  Bend,  Ind.,  and  Ful- 
ton, 111. 

Tailors* 

John  B.  Lennon. — Our  members  have  increased 
wages  fully  10  per  cent  in  50  cities  and  towns.  A 
number  of  short  strikes  have  taken  place  for  new 
price  bills.  All  of  these  were  won.  About  six  hun- 
dred members  were  affected.  A  new  union  has 
been  charted  in  Dotham,  Ala. 

Woodsmen  and  Saw  Mill  Workers. 

Ernest  G.  Pape. — Improved  wages  and  better 
conditions  of  employment  have  been  secured  ic 
several  camps  and  mills.  We  are  building  np  onr 
organization.  Two  new  unions  have  been  organi- 
zed at  Swan  ton,  Cal.,  and  Everett,  Wash. 

Watch  Case  Engravers. 

Geo,  Weidtnan, — Trade  fair  and  improving.  We 
are  building  up  our  membership. 


FROM  DISTRICT,  STATE,  AND  LOCAL  ORGANIZERS- 


ARKANSAS. 

Hoi  Springs, --v.  I.  Hensley: 

Organized  trades  are  working  eight  hour  day. 
The  few  workers  who  yet  remain  outside  the 
union  ranks  work  nine  hours  for  less  than  the  pay 
secured  by  union  men.  The  average  scale  for 
unionist  is  13.70  a  day.  Work  has  been  plentiful. 
No  strikes  to  report.  Condition  of  organized  labor 
as  compared  wtth  the  unorganized  is  fully  80  per 
cent  better.  The  merchants  of  this  city  are  help- 
ing to  push  union  labeled  goods  and  this  greatly 
appreciated  by  all  union  men  of  this  city.  Team- 
sters are  talking  organization. 

Little  Rock,^\,.  H.  Moore: 

Labor  Day  was  more  generally  celebrated  in  the 
state  than  ever  before.  Particularly  noticeable 
was  the  participation  of  the  farnlers'  union  in  the 
Labor  Day  exercises.  Organized  labor  in  good 
shape,  receiving  higher  wages  tbati  the  unorgan- 
ized  worketii.  wlit>,  in  most  hsl^^s  aliso  work  longer 
houra  than  ibe  union  men.  P^mployment  has  been 
steady.  Goo<l  work  is  flone  for  llie  union  labels 
with  encoura^irif^  results.  National  Farmers* 
Union  cnnventinii.  which  was  bclrl  in  this  city  in 
September^  en<iorseii  the  union  labels  of  trade 
u  n  ion  s .  C  a  r  pe  n  te  rs  o  f  H  artf ori  1 ,  A  rk . ,  a  n  d  federal 
tiniou  of  Little  Rf>ck  have  orgaui^ted  recently. 

Midland. —C.J.  A  c ton : 

Organised  labor  movement  has  gained  a  sub- 
statiltal  foi>thold  in  thisf^  section  and  b  making 
steady  progress*  Employment  fairly  steady.  No 
strikes  to  report.  The  unorganized  workers  can 
not  keep  up  with  the  or|^atii7,e<l  advance  as  regards 
conditions  and  iraprovementa  in  wages  and  hours. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Los  Angeles, — L.  D.  Biddle: 

For  some  time  past  I  have  been  organizing  for 
the  state  federation.  I  find  the  unorganized  hare 
much  worse  conditions  than  the  union  men.  They 
work  longer  hours  for  less  pay.  Work  is  plen- 
tiful. We  urge  all  workers  to  organize  and  im- 
prove the  conditions  of  the  workers.  Bartenders 
of  Stockton,  hod  carriers  and  team  drivers  of  Santa 
Cruz  have  formed  unions  recently.  Several  trades 
are  in  line  and  some  have  formed  temporary  or- 
ganizations. Much  agitation  is  carried  on  in  behalf 
of  the  union  labels. 

Pasadena. — G.  C.  Keyes: 

Employment  continues  steady,  but  there  is  no 
great  demand  for  labor.  Organized  workers  are 
more  independent  than  the  unorganized.  Slight 
advances  have  been  received  in  wages  this  year. 
There  seems  to  be  a  growing  tendency  to  simplify 
machinery  ^nd  concentrate  effoft  9knuH\%  ll>i 
unions.     Shinglcrs  are  about  to  form  unlooav 

San  Ditga\^R.  B,  Raymond: 

Organised  labor  in  good  shape  antf  tftjfijiif 
steady  enipWmenl.  La u  1:1  dry  work^^rs,  itaHoii 
cement  workers,  and  car  workeni  atr  Itkel;  In 
form  unions  sUorily.  We  have  ma  active  lah^ 
league  doing  good  work  for  the  tiiiiciii  tabelL 

COLORADO, 

/7^nzer.—K.  G.  Mofter: 

All  organized  tnulet  reprirt  rtitttHHrni*  rtvnral^e 
and  with  95  to  UiO  per  ■  metahrtmhip 

employed.  Wage**  and  '  nJiorKWjW^ 

work™  «'«^%^^^^^ljep^  JV 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


889 


Employment  has  been  especially  steady  in  build- 
ing trades  line.  Pressmen  have  signed  new  con- 
tract with  about  ten  per  cent  increase  in  wages. 
This  was  secured  without  strike.  Some  of  the 
striking  telegraphers  have  secured  their  demands 
with  companies  outside  the  Western  Union  and 
Postal  Companies.  The  union  labels  are  boomed 
by  the  women's  label  league.  Several  new  unions, 
among  which  are  the  hat  and  cap  makers,  team- 
sters, butchers,  and  bartenders,  are  organizing. 

CONNECTICUT. 

BridgeporL—^ohn  J.  O'Neill: 

Organized  labor  in  very  good  shape.  Employ- 
ment has  been  plentiful.  Motormen  and  conduct- 
tors  secured  increased  wages  without  strike.  As 
a  rule  the  wages  for  union  men  are  higher  and 
hours  shorter  than  for  non-unionists.  Most  of  the 
retail  stores  closed  at  five  p.  m.  during  the  summer 
months.  A  general  agitation  is  carried  on  in  the 
interest  of  the  union  labels.  Spring  and  pocket 
knife  makers  have  organized. 

Hartford.— T.  J.  Sullivan: 

Industrial  conditions  here  are  in  favor  of  organ- 
ized labor.  Employment  has  been  steady  this 
season.  Street  railway  employes  secured  increased 
wages  through  conference  with  their  employers. 
The  crafts  affiliated  with  the  A.  P.  of  L.  are  well 
organized  and  in  good  shape.  The  erection  of  a 
large  typewriter  factory  gives  employment  to 
skilled  workers.  Laws  have  been  passed  prohibit- 
ing women  from  working  over  60  hours  a  week 
(and  58  during  the  summer  months)  and  the  ap- 
pointment of  a  female  factory  inspector.  Women 
Garment  workers  and  several  other  unions  are  un- 
er  way.  The  union  labels  are  pushed  by  all  union 
men. 

New  Haven. — F.  J.  Horan: 

Organized  labor  in  healthy  condition.  All  build- 
ing trades  on  an  eight  hour  basis,  with  steady 
employment  and  prospects  good  for  the  fall  and 
winter.  Fully  90  per  cent  of  all  trades  are  organ- 
ized with  the  exception  of  painters  and  inside 
electrical  workers.  Recently  500  street  railway 
employes  received  a  substantial  increase  in  wages 
ana  better  working  conditions.  About  five  hun- 
dred public  school  teachers  joined  the  teachers* 
league  and  obtained  increased  wages.  Cloth  hat 
and  cap  makers  won  the  union  shop  agreement 
after  being  out  three  weeks.  Ordinances  recently 
panned  provide  for  increase  in  pay  of  city  laborers 
nrom  |t.75  to  |2  a  day  of  nine  nours.  Fifty  mold- 
ers  are  on  strike  for  minimum  wage  of  |2.75  for 
nine  hour  day. 

FLORIDA. 

Key  West.—VJ.  F.  Maloney: 

Employment  steady  in  nearly  every  occupation. 
Masons  and  helpers  and  plasterers  have  gained 
improved  conditions  since  their  organization.  Am 
holding  mass  meetings  in  the  interest  of  organized 
labor  and  expect  to  organize  cigarmakers  and 
other  trades. 

Miami.— '^^  G.  Coates: 

All  skilled  labor  in  this  city  organized.  Organ- 
ized labor  holds  the  field  in  the  estimation  of  em- 
ployers. Employment  has  been  somewhat  slack 
for  the  past  month. 

Tarpon  Springs. — Victor  Castaing: 

Labor  conditions  in  this  section  are  first  class. 
In  many  install ces  •  wages    have  been  increased 


without  strike.  We  are  closely  watching  the  in- 
terests of  labor.  We  ask  the  merchants  for  union 
labeled  goods. 

GEORGIA. 

Augusta. — B.  F.  Mclntyre: 

All  trades  have  enjoyed  steady  employment  and 
good  conditions  all  summer.  Good  demand  for 
the  union  labels  among  union  men  and  sympath- 
izers. Expect  to  get  some  new  organizations 
under  way  during  the  coming  season. 

Macon, — N.  D.  May: 

Industrial  conditions  in  this  city  are  better  than 
at  any  previous  time.  Employment  is  steady  with 
a  demand  for  first-class  mechanics.  All  first-class 
stores  handle  union  made  goods.  Paper  hangers 
and  carpenters  have  organized.  Textile  workers 
are  about  to  form  union. 

Rome.—V.  F.  Short: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape.  Employment  in 
the  iron  foundries  has  been  somewhat  slack,  but 
all  shops  are  working  full  time  now.  Carpenters 
and  bricklayers  are  enjoying  steady  employment. 
As  result  of  strike  one  foundry  is  anxious  for 
settlement.  Organized  labor  generally  well  em- 
ployed. Machinists  are  organizing.  We  are  work- 
ing among  the  merchants  urging  them  to  carry 
union  label  goods.  Our  Central  Labor  Union  re- 
cently held  a  reunion  and  entertainment  which  • 
was  largely  attended. 

IDAHO. 

Wallace.— ISxhViVy  Glenn: 

Organized  labor  in  very  good  shape,  and  em- 
ployment steady.  Molders  struck  for  raise  of  25 
cents  and  shorter  hours,  and  after  being  out  24 
hours  secured  their  demands  All  organized  trades 
are  working  seven  and  one- half  and  eight  hours  a 
day.  while  the  unorganized  workers  still  have  nine 
and  10  hour  day.  Cigarmakers  and  printers  are  do- 
ing effective  work  for  the  union  labels.  Rocky 
Mountain  Bell  Telephone  Company  secured  injunc- 
tion against  the  striking  linemen,  but  it  had  very 
little  effect.  During  the  month  the  following  trades 
have  organized:  Painters,  plumbers,  Wallace 
Trades  and  Labor  Council,  and  Shoshone  County 
federal  union.  Musicians,  barbers,  molders, 
butchers,  pressmen,  waiters  .and  bartenders,  ma- 
chinists, laundry  workers,  electrical  workers, 
clerks,  and  newswriters*  unions  are  under  way. 

ILLINOIS. 

Aurora. — E.  R.  Davis: 

Building  trades  in  splendid  shape,  with  union 
shop,  eight  hour  day,  and  good  wages.  A  few 
factories  areas  yet  unorganized  and  work  open 
shop  with  poor  conditions.  Strikes  are  practically 
unknown  here,  in  some  cases  the  trouble  lasts  a 
day  after  which  we  reach  a  satisfactory  settle- 
ment. The  unorganized  workers  here  have  poor 
conditions.  Truck  drivers  and  barbers  are  talking 
of  getting  in  line  and  organizing. 

Belleville.— V^.  A.  Eskridge  and  E.  P.  Baum: 

There  is  a  good  demand  for  unskilled  labor  in 
this  vicinity.  Industrial  conditions  fair.  Very 
little  unorganized  labor  here.  The  stove  trade 
and  manufacturing  conditions  have  improved  and 
employment  has  become  steadier.  Coal  mining  is 
also  improving.  Quite  a  number  of  unions  have 
secured  increased  wages  this  jrear.  A  building 
trades  alliance  has  been  <i;p|i^^  |n^(^Og^ 


890 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


pected  that  within  a  short  time  the  card  system 
will  be  adopted.  All  building  trades  unions  are 
affiliated.  The  Labor  Day  celebration  here  was  a 
great  success  and  of  much  help  to  the  cause  of 
labor.  Mr.  Fred.  J.  Kern,  the  mayor  of  this  city, 
addressed  the  workers  on  this  occasion  and  de- 
nounced the  |1, 500,000  war  fund  of  the  manufac- 
turers' association. 

Carrier  Mills.— ^.  T.  Davis: 

Industrial  conditions  fairly  satisfactory  and  em- 
ployment steady  for  organized  trades.  No  changes 
recently  in  wages  or  hours. 

Chicago.— W.  W.  McGary: 

Work  is  steady  and  conditions  are  good  in  all 
branches  of  labor.  No  changes  in  wages  or  hours 
since  last  report.  There  is  general  demand  for  the 
union  labels.     Have  one  new  union  under  way. 

Graniie  OVy.— John  W.  Grant: 

Only  a  small  per  cent  of  the  workers  in  this  sec- 
tion are  unorganized.  Building  trades  have  en- 
joyed steady  employment,  but  the  mills  and 
factories  have  been  a  little  slack.  Industrial  con- 
ditions for  union  men  are  excellent.  Nearly  all 
crafts  have  secured  wages  as  the  following  will 
show:  Stock  packers  who  are  members  of  tin, 
steel,  and  granite  ware  workers'  union  have  in- 
creased wages  about  three  per  cent.  Porters  and 
truckers  have  increased  wages  six  per  cent. 
Plumbers  have  increased  wages  from  $5  to  $5.50 
a  day.  Painters  obtained  increase  from  |3.40  to 
|3.80  a  day.  During  the  past  few  months  the 
granitoid  and  cement  workers,  also  the  carpen- 
ters, have  secured  substantial  increases  without 
strike.  Stationary  firemen  have  organized  and 
plumbers'  and  steamfitters*  helpers  are  about  to 
organize.  Central  body  in  this  city  has  increased 
number  of  affiliated  unions  from  23  to  32.  A  great 
number  of  unions  are  affiliating  with  the  state  fed- 
eration of  labor.  There  is  strong  sentiment  for 
electing  to  office  only  union  men.  Everything 
taken  into  consideration  organized  labor  is  in  first- 
class  condition,  and  while  exceedingly  strong  is 
still  growing  stronger  each  day. 

Joliet.^^,  C.  Martin: 

Union  men  have  steady  employment  and  better 
conditions  than  the  unorganized  workers.  Bakery 
workers  and  horseshoers  have  organized.  A  label 
league  has  been  formed.  Firemen  and  car  workers 
are  about  to  organize.  We  are  promoting  all  union 
labels. 

Kewanee. — E.  A.  Whitney  and  T.  R.  Davis: 
Labor  conditions  in  this  city  are  fine.  All  trades 
are  busy.  Union  men  working  shorter  hours  and 
receivnni?:  higher  wages  than  the  iioti'Unioti)sts» 
Hod  carriers  have  or^flni^ed  aQ<l  afliliated  with 
their  international  orj.;aijiZ4itioD.  Tht  mayor  of  the 
city  insists  upon  the  employment  of  union  men 
only  on  all  street  work.  The  Labor  Day  celebra- 
tion and  parade  were  the  largest  ever  held  in  this 
city.  Edwin  R.  Wrigbl,  president  of  the  State 
Federation  of  Labor^  accompliihed  some  effective 
work  in  this  city  recently.  An  organizer  for  the 
patternmakers  has  been  booming  an  origan izflt ion 
of  that  craft.  Several  other  unions  are  under  way. 

Monmouth  .  —  V^.  K.  Erase  1; 
*    Organised  labor  in  the  lead  as  regards  condi- 
tions. We  are  doing  good  work  in  all  trades.  Car- 
penters arc  miking  special  efforts  to  build  up  their 


organization.  Wages  and  hours  about  the 
last  season. 

O' Fallon,— V,  M.  Evans: 

Practically  the  only  unorganized  workers  in 
this  city  are  the  employes  of  a  foundry  company. 
Labor  conditions  here  are  ver^  good,  and  employ- 
ment has  been  steady.  No  strikes  or  other  troubles 
to  report.  Painters  have  organized.  We  do  all  we 
can  to  create  a  demand  for  the  union  labels. 

Rock  Island,— J.  T.  Sheehan: 

Work  is  fairly  plentiful,  and  labor  conditions 
satisfactory  for  union  men.  Unorganized  machiD- 
ists  earn  $2.50  a  day  while  the  organized  workers 
in  the  same  trade  get  from  |3  to  |3.60  a  day.  The 
chief  of  police  and  the  superintendent  of  water 
works  are  both  union  men  and  favorable  to 
organized  labor.  Teamsters  have  organized  and 
freight  handlers  are  about  to  organize.  Our  labor 
paper  is  booming  the  union  labels. 

^/a ««/{?«.— Joseph  W.  Rizzie: 

Organized  labor  in  fine  shap>e.  Industrial  con- 
ditions are  very  satisfactory  and  this  is  the  result 
of  efforts  of  organized  labor.  Unorganized  labor 
is  very  scarce  in  this  vicinity  as  nearly  every  trade 
is  well  organized.  Employment  is  steady  aod 
plentiful.  No  strikes  or  other  troubles  to  report, 
the  workers  are  securing  fair  compensation  for 
their  labor.  The  public  in  general  is  beginning  to 
recognize  organized  labor  in  a  more  friendly  spirit. 
Good  work  is  done  for  the  union  labels.  Printers 
have  organized.  Barbers  and  electrical  workers 
are  about  to  organize. 

Savanna.— G^o.  W.  Ashford: 

My  work  has  been  confined  to  railway  employes, 
which  also  include  freight  handlers  and  round- 
house men  at  small  shops.  These  workers  have 
been  unable  to  do  anything  for  themselves  for 
lack  of  organization,  their  general  condition  is 
bad,  and  wages  low.  Wherever  the  trade  is 
organized,  improved  conditions  have  been  secured, 
without  strike.  Great  interest  is  now  manifested 
by  the  unorganized  workers  and  the  need  of 
organization  is  readily  seen.  City  council  of 
Savanna  passed  resolutions  favoring  the  Central 
Trades  Council  and  raised  wages  of  city  emplojes 
recently.  Two  federal  unions  of  roundhonse 
workers  have  been  organized  in  the  State  of  Iowa, 
by  our  efforts.  Freight  handlers  of  this  city  are 
about  to  organize. 

Sparta.— S.  W.  Skelly: 

Employment  continues  steady  and  conditioos 
fair.  Very  few  unorganized  laborers  here.  K 
knitting  factory  is  being  started  and  we  will  try 
to  organize  its  employes  as  soon  as  p(?«»iTiic.  -^"^ 
union  men  «lemand  the  union  labels. 

Tamar&a  —W.  H.  Johnston* 

Organized   labor     domg   well,   ^ecunng  beut^ 
conditions  than  the  unorgantacd  worket?.  Wta«v  , 
ever  on  the  alert  to  maintain  I  be  itsiproif 
we  have  secured  through  organ ifntjoii.    Mti 
running  full  time  now.    Reeently  wr  atd<] 
one  bakery  and  exf>ect  to  get  atlMfi  IKi  Itne. 
advocate  union  ninde  c^oo^la  M  tlm  Umm* 

TaylonnlU.—].  A.  Holmcjf^: 

Organised  workers,  on  accoun:  nf  ?hdr  ttrafc**^ 
skill,  find  the  preference   with 
ctty.  Conditioftf  are  fairJj  j 
tnand  of  the  unian  lAhiiia  J 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


891 


INDIANA. 
L(^cmsporL—0,  P.  Smith  and  Mrs.  Dora  Smith: 
Unions  are  fast  gaining  numerical  stren^h  and 
added  influence  in  this  localitj  and  condition  of 
organized  labor  is  better  than  it  has  been  for 
years.  New  unions  are  constantly  forming  and 
the  older  ones  are  building  up  their  membership. 
Employment  is  steady  with  plenty  of  good  jobs 
for  union  men  and  women.  A  great  contrast  is 
shown  in  comparing  organized  conditions  with 
the  unorganized,  as  the  unionists  secure  much 
better  conditions  and  wages  in  every  line.  The 
unorganized  workers^espeSally  girls,  employed  in 
factories,  receive  very  poor  wages.  Plumbers  have 
organized  recently.  Teamsters,  clerks,  federal 
union,  seamstresses,  and  waitresses  are  about  to 
organize. 

Madison. — Henry  H.  Humphrey: 

Organized  labor  is  steadily  gaining  ground,  re- 
ceiving from  two  and  one-half  to  five  cents  an 
hour  more  than  the  non-unionists.  We  demand 
the  union  labels  at  all  times.  Employment  rather 
unsteady  as  the  season  advances. 

Mt.  Vernon,—}.  K.  Kreutzinger: 

Organized  labor  is  generally  well  employed, 
although  employment  is  not  so  plentiful  at  this 
time.  We  have  a  committee  actively  working  for 
the  union  labels. 

INDIAN  TERRITORY. 
Ardtnore, — D.  N.  Ferguson: 
Organized  labor  in  good  condition  and  working 
eight  hour  day.    Since  the  organization  of  various 
trades  here  we  have  had  no  strikes.    Employment 
is  steady.     Every  trade  is  working  in  harmony. 
Musicians  have  organized  and  telephone  operators 
and  stationary  firemen  are  about  to  form  unions. 
Lehigh.— V^t  O'Shea: 

All  trades  are  organizing  into  unions  of  their  re- 
spective calling.  Uuorganized  conditions  poor. 
Steady  improvements  in  conditions  have  been  se- 
cured by  organized  crafts  without  strike.  Two 
new  unions  were  formed  during  the  month  and 
have  three  new  unions  under  way. 
Tulsa.— Q.  E.  Warren: 

All  unions  are  steadily  gaining  in  membership. 
Condition  of  or^nized  labor  better  than  at  any 
time  before  in  this  city.  Unorganized  workers  in 
poor  shape,  workitfg  all  kinds  of  hours  and  receiv- 
ing low  wages.  Organized  mechanics  secure  from 
50  cents  to  |1  more  per  day  than  the  non-unionists. 
We  have  started  the  publication  of  a  labor  journal 
and  already  see  good  results.  Oil  and  gas  well 
workers  and  butchers  have  organized.  Electri- 
cians, tinners,  tailors,  and  street-car  men  are  likely 
to  organize  in  the  near  future. 

lOVA. 

Cedar  Rapids,— \.  J.  Cronkhite: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  was  never  better 
than  at  this  time  The  eight  hour  day  is  general 
in  all  building  trades  and  wages  are  good.  Cigar- 
makers  have  secured  the  union  shop  in  their  trade. 
Teamsters  are  doing  fine,  having  about  sixty  mem- 
bers, securing  $A  for  *nine  hour  day.  Employment 
is  steady  and  during  the  past  four  months  there 
has  been  scarcity  of  men  in  the  building  trades 
line,  ^ye  have  secured  improved  conditions  with- 
out strike.  Women's  label  league  is  doing  good 
work  for  the  union  labels.  Street  car  men  and  bar- 
tenders are  getting  ready  to  organize.   The  com- 


mission plan  of  government  of  city  affairs  is  up  to 
a  vote  of  the  people.  The  labor  unions  are  on  for 
their  share  of  representation. 

Davenport,— Ibls.  N.  Coleman: 

Most  organized  crafts  in  pretty  fair  shape.  We 
expect  to  ao  some  good  work  in  securing  better 
conditions  soon.  Work  is  plentiful  in  all  lines, 
with  a  shortage  of  help  in  unskilled  occupations. 
Boilermakers  and  helpers  at  locomotive  works 
secured  increase  of  two  and  one  half  and  two 
cents  per  hour,  respectively,  after  one  week's 
strike.  Holders  and  plumbers  still  on  strike  for 
increased  wages  and  limiting  of  apprentices. 
Women's  label  league  is  doing  good  work  for  the 
union  labels.  Several  trades  are  talking  organ- 
ization. 

Z>«^«^j^.— Simon  Miller: 

All  trades  are  steadily  employed  with  exception  of 
inside  carpenters  who  are  out  for  a  nine  hour  day  at 
25  cents  an  hour  minimum  wage  and  union  shop. 
Boilermakers  and  machinists  at  Chicago,  Great 
Western  Railway  shop,  are  out  for  nine  hour  day 
at  45  cents  an  hour.  Union  men  have  by  far  the 
best  conditions.  Labor  proposes  to  elect  men  who 
will  legislate  for  the  good  of  the  working  people 
of  this  country.  Women's  label  league  is  domg 
good  work  for  the  union  labels. 


Waterloo.— n,  G.  Pullen: 

Conditions  are  good  for  all  classes  of  labor,  al- 
though organized  workers  have  by  far  the  advan- 
tage over  the  unorganized  as  regards  wages.  There 
is  scarcity  in  street  and  sewer  laborers.  All  trades 
are  pretty  well  employed.  A  labor  paper  has  been 
started  by  the  unions  of  this  city. 

KANSAa 

Atchison— B.  A.  Webb: 

All  organized  crafts  are  steadily  employed,  and 
enjoying  good  conditions.  Unorganized  workers 
are  in  poor  shape.  Barbers  have  raised  their  price 
list.  Clerks,  carpenters  and  joiners,  and  laundry 
helpers  are  about  to  form  unions. 

Coffeyyille.—O,  Leslie Cal lard: 

Organized  labor  receives  minimum  wages  of 
from  $2  to  f2.40  a  day  of  eight  hours.  Unorganized 
workers  get  from  |1.50  to  |1.6S  for  10  hour  day. 
All  organized  branches  of  labor  are  working  eight 
hour  day.  No  recent  strikes  or  labor  troubles  to 
report.  Printers  and  other  trades  are  working  for 
the  interest  of  the  union  labels.  Clerks  expect  to 
organize  shortly. 

Kansas  City.—S.  E.  Peete: 

The  demand  for  laborers  is  greater  than  the 
supply.  Organized  labor  steadily  gaining  ground. 
Pork  and  cattle  butchers  have  organized  since  last 
report.  Railway  clerks  and  bakers  are  about  to 
form  unions. 

Pittsburg.— G.  W.  Winkler: 

Most  trades  steadily  employed.  Railroad  em- 
ployes secured  increased  wages.  Condition  of 
organized  labor  improving  steadily. 

West  Mineral.— S,  A.  Bramlett: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  The  shorter  workday  has 
been  secured  through  organized  effort  and  es- 
pecially by  the  co-operation  of  all  unions  in  this 
locality.  Have  organized  one  new  union  during 
the  month.  Good  work  is  done  for  the  union 
labels.  Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


892 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


KENTUCKY. 

Central  City,—}.  D.  Wood: 

All  organized  trades  in  good  shape.  Employ- 
ment is  steady.  Federal  union  has  been  organized 
and  central  trades  council  for  Muhlenburg  County 
is  being  formed.  The  union  labels  are  demanded 
by  all  union  men. 

Louisville.— John  Young: 

Organized  labor  booming.  Industrial  conditions 
good  in  this  section.  Wages  have  increased  with- 
out strike.  Street-car  men  had  their  troubles  ad- 
justed without  strike.  Barbers  are  likely  to 
organize. 

LOUISIANA. 

Shreveport,—G,  N.  Mills: 

The  only  unorganized  workers  here  consist 
mostly  of  negroes  who  are  paid  about  one-half  the 
wages  that  union  men  receive.  What  few  un- 
organized white  men  there  are  receive  the  same 
wages  that  the  colored  worker  gets.  Wages  are 
increasing  in  all  organized  industries.  Machinists 
will  shortly  get  38)^  cents  an  hour,  blacksmiths 
.and  boilermakers  40  cents  an  hour.  There  is 
demand  for  workers  in  building  trades,  leather 
workers,  machinists  and  boilermakers.  Laundry 
workers,  bartenders,  machinists,  clerks  and 
stationary  firemen  are  about  to  organize.  Ladies' 
label  league  is  doing  good  work  for  the  union 
labels. 

MAINE. 

Auburn.— QhsiS.  O.  Beals: 

The  textile  workers  are  rapidly  organizing  in 
this  section.  Organized  labor  making  steady  gains 
in  many  directions.  Loom  fixers  of  Lewiston  and 
vicinity  and  weavers  of  that  city  have  organized 
during  the  month.  We  are  promoting  the  union 
labels. 

Rumford  Falls.— Vr^uk  M.  Taylor: 

All  organized  trades  in  good  shape  and  steadily 
employed.  The  Labor  Day  celebration  was  the 
largest  one  ever  held  in  this  city,  one  which  will 
go  down  in  history,  with  credit  to  the  organized 
trades. 

Vinalhaven. —V^ixxsXo^  Roberts: 

Industrial  conditions  good.  All  trades  organized 
and  enjoying  steady  employment. 

MASSACHUSETTa 

Holyoke.—l&.  S.  Alden: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress.  All 
unions  are  makipg  marked  gains  in  membership. 
To  some  extent  the  unorganized  workers  have  re- 
ceived slight  increase  in  wages  owing  to  the  better 
condition  of  union  men.  H m pi oym en t continues 
steady.  Tlie  stores  here  have  jsloeketl  with  union 
marie  good*  and  a  tmml»er  of  iherii  have  discon- 
tinued the  sale  of  go>iU  whose  mauufactnrera  are 
placed  an  the  ' '  We  don '  t  patrooiie  list  J '  The  u  nion 
Ifll>el5  fire  well  advertised,  f  Icfcrseshoers  have  or- 
ganized,   rdpermakers  will  probably  jget   in  line 

ftOOtt. 

PiUs^eld.— John  B.  T^Iickle: 

Conditions  especially  good  in  the  Uuilding 
Ifiidet,  of  which  fuliy  95  per  cent  are  organised. 
Stttii>nary  6nemen  have  org«inixed  since  last  report. 
Butchers  and  others  are  likely  to  orgwttite.  Label 
committee  has  been  appotnted  to  look  o^t  for  the 
loierests  of  the  uiliof*  laWa, 


Taunton.— D.  O.  MacGlashing: 

Industrial  conditions  good.  Through  the  efforts 
of  organized  labor  the  unorganized  workers  ire 
securing  better  wages  than  formerly.  In  all  lines 
improvement  is  noticed,  although  the  organized 
conditions  are  far  superior  to  the  unorganized. 
Employment  is  steady.  There  are  no  idlers.  Hod- 
carriers  are  organizing.  We  have  an  active  nnioa 
label  committee  working  for  the  union  labels. 

MICHIGAN. 

Alpena. — George  Carrier: 

Work  is  plentiful  and  wages  are  satisfactory  for 
organized  skilled  mechanics.  Industrial  condi- 
tions in  this  city  are  very  favorable.  The  unor- 
ganized workers  find  plenty  of  work,  but  their 
wages  are  low.  Grocery  clerks  have  secured  earh 
closing  the  year  around.  Stationary  firemen  arc 
likely  to  organize. 

Ann  Arbor. — J.  V.  Quirk: 

Practically  all  trades  here  are  organized,  with 
the  exception  of  wood  carvers,  patternmakers,  and 
furniture  workers.  Wages  are  too  low.  Two  dol- 
lars a  day  is  the  maximum  wage  for  skilled  me- 
chanics in  the  furniture  industry.  They  are  not 
organized  and  do  not  seem  to  have  the  courage  to 
unite  in  order  to  secure  any  improvement.  Rail- 
way clerks  organized  recently.  The  marked  re- 
spect shown  to  organized  labor  and  the  high  regard 
in  which  trade  unions  are  held  by  the  officials  of 
the.  government  in  this  city  was  demonstrated  on 
Labor  Day  when  all  city  officials,  fire  department 
turned  out,  and  postal  employes,  with  the  post- 
master, marched  in  line.  All  requests  made  to  city 
and  county  government  by  organized  labor  pertain- 
ing to  the  welfare  of  the  workers  have  been  consid- 
ered and  granted. 

Bay  a/y.— Fred  W.  Young: 

Labor  conditions  in  this  city  were  never  better. 
The  majority  of  trades  are  working  under  unioo 
agreements,  eight  anil  nine  hour  day  being- the 
accepted  standard  workday.  Employment  plenti- 
ful; there  is  no  need  for  men  to  be  out  of  work. 
Several  trades  have  secured  increased  wages  and 
shorter  workday  without  trouble.  Union  men 
secure  10  per  cent  higher  wages  than  the  unorgan- 
ized. Carpenters  and  machinists  are  the  leading 
crafts  in  this  city  as  regards  improved  working 
conditions.  Miners  and  cigarmakers  are  working 
eight  hour  day.  Blacksmiths  and  helpers  ha^e 
organized  recently.  Several  wood  working  crafts 
and  bartenders  are  al>out  to  organize.  Trades 
council  is  doing  good  work  in  interest  of  the  naioo 
labels. 

Grands  /Rapids.— Uugtne  F.  Gourdcau: 
The  organized  trades  are  constanny  doing  cwff- 
thing  to  improve  working  conditiotis^  botJi  *■  I* 
hours  and  wages.  Building  trades  are  w^ffc^f 
larji^e  gains  in  membershtp  Horseihoers  tm^  **" 
duce<i  their  working  day  to  nine  withoat  Miikr 
Shirtwaist  workers,  railroad  clerkly  and  buildl&f 
laborers  have  organized.  We  have  ABothet 
under  wiiy. 

//i»lMnd.*-^M  J,  Bsn»en: 

Or^^nued  workmea  bold  the  be«l  jci^  In  tlii 
clly.   Kvcr?  orii^aitfxed  if  Jidc  baa  ^irtlir  wm^ti  ts^! 
hotir^   thrtn   the   uoorKanifed.    Htn^' 
sotnewbftt  ilack,  bat  i«  picking  a|'j 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


893 


Marine  City.—C  F.  Farman: 

Employment  is  steady.  There  is  no  demand  for 
unorganized  workers  in  this  city.  Organized  labor 
in  good  shape.  Hours  have  been  reduced  from  10 
to  nine.  A  great  deal  of  work  has  been  done  for 
the  union  labels. 

WyantiotU. — Harry  La  Beau : 

Organized  workers  receive  from  25  cents  to  $\ 
more  per  day  than  the  unorganized  workers.  Em- 
ployment continues  steady.  Have  one  new  union 
under  way. 

MINNESOTA^ 

ManAtUo.-r-HtxxTj  C.  Hartung: 

With  few  exceptions  the  organized  trades  in 
this  city  are  in  good  shape.  The  unions  of  this 
city,  aided  by  a  donation  from  state  federation  of 
labor,  have  raised  a  fund  to  be  devoted  to  organiz- 
ing and  building  up  the  various  trades.  Employ- 
ment is  plentiful.  A  street-car  line  and  power 
house  in  course  of  construction  gives  plenty  of 
work.  Millers  have  advanced  wages  from  $2,  to 
$2  50  without  strike.  The  child  labor  law  which 
was  passed  by  last  legislature  is  rigidly  enforced. 
Painters,  plasterers,  and  team  drivers  are  about  to 
organize. 

iVm«^a^/w.— E.  G.  Hall: 

Industrial  conditions  fair,  especially  among  the 
organized  crafts.  Employment  has  been  fairly 
steady.  The  telegraphers  and  machinists  are  hold- 
ing their  own  in  the  strikes  with  good  prospects  of 
success.  Label  council  is  doing  good  work  for  the 
union  labels.  Truck  drivers  are  about  to  organize. 

H^inona.-^H.  W.  Libby: 

Decidedly  there  is  a  better  feeling  existing  be- 
tween the  employers  and  organized  labor  which 
will  promote  the  business  interests  and  build  up  a 
greater  Winona  and  promote  more  prosperous 
citizenship.  Condition  of  organized  labor  steadily 
improving.  The  churches  are  showing  increased 
interest  in  the  cause  of  labor,  and  able  union  men 
are  invited  from  time  to  time  to  discuss  labor  pro- 
blems. The  union  labels  are  agitated.  A  federal 
union  was  organized  during  the  month  and  is 
making  rapid  progress. 

MISSOURL 

Moberly,—Q,.  B.  Dysart: 

Work  is  plentiful  and  continues  steady.  Unor- 
ganized workers  can  not  command  the  wages  that 
the  union  men  receive.  We  persistently  urge  the 
patronage  of  the  union  labels.  Teamsters  are 
about  to  orji^anize. 

Pdplar  Bluff.—Soi  Everhart: 

All  building  trades  are  pretty  well  organized  and 
enjoy  satisfactory  conditions.  BHck  layers  ad- 
vanced wages  to  60  cents  an  hour  and  plasterers 
obtained  50  cents  an  hour  without  strike.  Unor- 
ganized workers  receive  from  $1.25  to  $1.50  a  day 
working  at  the  same  occupations  for  which  organ- 
ized workers  ^et  from  $2  to  |2  25  a  day.  We  are 
constantly  agitating  and  organizing.  Good,  work 
is  done  for  the  union  labels. 

Springfield, — A.  Dumaw: 

Organized  labor  in  this  vicinity  was  never  in 
better  shape  than  at  the  present  time.  All  trades, 
with  hat  lew  exceptions,  report  business  good,  and 
in  acitml  hrmaches  the  demand  for  labor  is  greater 
th«a|btffmlj«  All  unions  report  increased  mem- 
,  MMTftlinmber  of  the  weaker  lools  have 


been  materially  strengthened,  noticeably  the  car- 
penters. Have  recently  organized  stage  employes, 
sheet  metal  workers,  painters,  and  laundry  work- 
ers. Have  mill  employes' union  under  way,  and 
will  try  to  get  the  freight  handlers  in  line.  Nearly 
all  unions  have  demanded  and  secured  union  shop 
conditions.  The  union  labels  find  good  demand, 
and  we  can  show  more  labeled  products  on  sale  in 
our  city  than  any  city  in  the  state.  Our  Labor  Day 
celebrar  ion  and  parade  was  the  largest  ever  seen 
here.  John  B.  Lennon  was  the  principal  speaker 
of  the  day  and  paid  a  glowing  tribute  to  the  trade 
unions  of  this  city. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Nashua.— ]o)in  J,  Coyne: 

Employment  continues  steady  in  most  trades. 
Organized  conditions  fair,  but  it  is  hard  to  do  any- 
thing with  the  unorganized  workers. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

Trenton, — Reuben  Forker: 

Through  conferences  of  representatives  of  Na- 
tional Brotherhood  of  Operative  Potters  with 
representatives  of  the  Employing  Potters*  Associa- 
tion the  employes  have  secured  improved  condi- 
tions and  increased  wages.  Retail  clerks  of 
Princeton  and  bakers  of  Trenton  have  organized 
recently. 

NEW  YORK. 

Albany,— V^m.  A.  McCabe: 

Employment  has  been  steady  during  the  year. 
The  unions  which  have  acted  conservatively  and 
appointed  committees  to  confer  with  employers  in 
regard  to  improved  conditions,  have  obtained  the 
best  results  and  increased  wages  from  22  to  25  cents 
an  hour  without  strike  and  also  received  back  pay  for 
all  the  time  the  arbitration  was  carried  on.  The 
union  labels  are  boomed  and  the  results  are  more 
encouraging  than  ever  before. 

Ballston  Spa.—G^o,  W.  Miller: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  gain  in 
membership.  A  number  ot  unions  have  good 
funds  in  treasury  and  talk  of  building  a  labor  tem- 
ple. Employment  is  steady,  with  bright  outlook 
for  the  organized  men  in  this  city.  We  have  had 
no  strikes;  all  labor  conditions  satisfactory.  Union 
men  work  eight  hours  while  the  non-unionists  are 
working  nine  and  ten  hours.  One  can  hardly 
blame  the  employers  for  getting  all  they  can  from 
them  for  at  the  best  they  are  losing  money  on 
them.     All  union  men  demand  the  union  labels. 

Fullon. —Frank  Petrie: 

Organized  industrial  conditions  far  surpass  the 
unorganized.  Union  men  enjoy  shorter  hours  and 
better  wages.  Employment  is  steady.  Paper- 
makers  have  organized  and  ladies'  label  league  is 
about  to  be  formed. 

LiKle  Falls  — Thos.  J.  Crowley: 

Conditions  for  ort^anized  workers  have  never 
been  so  good  as  at  this  time.  Contractors  are  ad- 
vertising for  union  masons  and  carpenters.  Work 
is  plentiful.  Unorganized  labor  in  poor  shape. 
Tinners  are  likely  to  organize.  Good  work  is  done 
for  the  union  labels.  Labor  Day  was  observed  in 
a  very  creditable  manner  with  parade. 

Norwich, — W.  E.  Miner: 

Improved  conditions  as  to  hours  and  wages  have 
been  secured  by  the  organized  crafts.    Employ-^ 
ment  is  steady  and  there  is  pAffg|^  \^^  work,  hut[g 


894 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


the  unorganized  workers  receive  very  low  wages. 
The  union  labels  are  constantly  promoted.  Black- 
smiths and  stonecutters  have  organized.  Plumbers' 
union  under  way. 

NORTH  CAROLINA^ 

Raleigh.--Jo\in  T.  Miller: 

We  have  but  few  unorganized  workers  in  this 
city.  Organized  labor  in  good  shape  with  the  ex- 
ception of  carpenters  who  are  out  for  the  nine 
hour  day.  Employment  is  steady.  Good  demand 
for  linotype  men.  Wire  workers  and  barbers  are 
about  to  organize.  The  union  labels  are  demanded. 

OHIO. 

Ashtabula. — Jas.  P.  Alicoate: 

All  union  card  men  are  steadily  employed.  The 
supply  in  some  lines  is  not  equal  to  the  demand  for 
workers.  Telephone  employes  signed  their  yearly 
contract  without  trouble  and  with  satisfaction  to 
both  sides.  Ninety  per  cent  of  all  crafts  in  this 
city  are  organized.  The  central  labor  union  was 
instrumental  in  putting  the  primaries  in  vogue  in 
this  city.  Am  working  hard  to  get  the  remaining 
unorganized  workers  in  line. 

Belief ontaine, — ^A.  M.  Armer: 

Work  is  more  plentiful  than  men.  There  is 
great  demand  for  cement  workers,  carpenters, 
machinists,  and  boilermakers.  Machinists  expect 
to  have  their  new  agreement  shortly.  Printers 
and  central  body  are  about  to  organize. 

Bucyrus. — W.A.Morrison: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  enjoying 
steady  employment.  Strike  in  local  foundry  has 
been  settl^  We  have  a  number  of  union  mem- 
bers occupying  positions  in  city  government,  and 
expect  to  elect  a  union  mayor.  Good  work  is 
done  for  the  union  labels.. 

Delazvare. — H.  Dauerheim: 

Industrial  conditions  fair.  Union  men  have  the 
best  of  it.  Employment  is  steady.  Plumbers  are 
about  to  organize.  There  is  increasing  demand  for 
the  union  labels. 

East  Liverpool.— n.  O.  Allison: 

Labor  unions  in  this  cit^  are  working  toward 
securing  the  proper  equalization  of  taxes.  This 
city  was  well  represented  at  the  state  convention, 
which  was  held  during  September.  Organized 
labor  in  prosperous  condition.  Operative  potters 
secured  signing  of  two-year  agreement  with  slight 
increase  in  wages  and  improved  conditions  after 
conference  with  manufacturers.  We  are  using 
every  effort  to  boom  the  union  labels. 

East  Palestine. —G^.  H.  Allcom: 

There  is  good  demand  for  laborers  as  employ- 
ment continues  steady.  Conditions  have  improved 
noticeably  under  the  efforts  of  organized  labor. 

Fosloria.—Ch^.  E.  Scharf : 

Organized  trades  in  good  shape  and  steadily 
employed.  We  are  doing  all  we  can  to  push  the 
union  labels.  Car  inspectors  and  clerks  are  about 
to  organize. 

Hamilton. — John  F.  Mayer: 

Organized  labor  in  this  locality  in  good  shape. 
The  unorganized  workers  share  the  improved  con- 
ditions secured  through  organization.  Steam- 
fitters*  helpers  have  organized.  Have  one  new 
union  under  way.  We  urge  all  to  demand  the 
union  labels. 


ML  Vernon.— Q.  A.  Wells: 

Organized  labor  in  this  city  in  fair  shape.  With 
more  thorough  organization  we  hope  to  show  bet- 
ter conditions  and  higher  wages.  Hm|^oymcot 
has  been  steady.  More  interest  is  shown  ia  tbe 
work  for  the  union  labels. 

Painesville.—].  H.  Sutton: 

All  organized  trades  are  receiving  good  «s^ 
Federal  union  of  this  city  in  flourishing  condition. 
They  have  a  business  agent  who  is  booming  their 
interests,  and  bringing  in  new  members  at  every 
meeting.  They  have  increased  wages  to  |2.25  a 
day  of  nine  hours  and  double  time  for  oTertimc 
This  scale  applies  ^o  unskilled  labor.  All  trades 
working  in  harmony  and  co-operating  with  the 
central  labor  union.  A  large  court  house  and  jtil 
are  in  course  of  construction  and  union  lAbor  is 
well  represented  on  the  work,  as  all  the  stone- 
masons, bricklayers,  iron  workers,  and  teamsters 
are  union  men.  All  union  labels  are  patronized. 

Steubenville. — A.  C.Johnston: 

Horseshoers  and  restaurant  employes  are  aboat 
to  organize.  Condition  of  organized  labor  good, 
and  emplo3mient  is  steady.  Union  men  patronize 
the  union  labels. 

Tiffin.—^.  D.  Burford: 

Organized  labor  doing  well.  We  expect  to  secure 
improved  conditions  and  increased  wages  in  the 
near  future.  There  is  unrest  among  the  unorgan- 
ized, who  are  beginning  to  realize  the  necessity  of 
united  effort.  Employment  continues  steady.  A 
strong  agitation  creates  good  demand  for  the  nntoQ 
labels  Machinists  have  organized  with  prospects 
of  becoming  one  of  the  largest  unions  in  the  dty. 
Unskilled  laborers  are  talking  organization. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Berwick,—!^.  W.  Cope: 

Or|^anized  trades  are  fairly  well  employed.  The 
condition  of  oi^ganized  labor  is  steadily  growing 
better.  There  is  increasing  demand  for  the-  union 
labels.    Have  three  new  unions  under  way. 

Easton.—].  H.  Wesley: 

Organized  labor  making  good  progress.  Em- 
ployment continues  plentiful.  No  strikes  to  report 
Settlements  of  labor  difficulties  have  been  reached 
without  strike.  There  are  very  few  unorganized 
workers  in  this  city.  Good  work  is  done  to  pro- 
mote the  union  labels. 

Harrisburg.^BxneA  F.  Carr  and  David  K. 
Young: 

The  workers  are  coming  in  line  and  new  unions 
are  constantly  being  formed.  While  there  are  is 
yet  a  number  of  trades  without  any  organization, 
still,  we  are  sure  they  will  eventually  be  with  ns. 
Union  men  receive  higher  wages  for  shorter 
workday  than  the  unorganized.  Plasterers,  brick- 
layers, work  eight  hour  day,  while  painters, 
plumbers  carpenters,  and  sheet  iron  workers  have 
the  nine  hour  day.  Painters  secured  nine  hoar 
day  recently  without  strike.  Trade  unions  are 
more  generally  recognized  by  employers  and  the 
public.  Employers*  Liability  Bill  was  passed  by 
the  last  legislature.  Paperhangers  and  bartend- 
ers have  organized  recently.  The  Labor  Day  was 
celebrated  by  large  demonstration  and  a  parade, 
which  was  a  credit  to  the  unions  of  this  city.  The 
unionists  have  been  encouraged  by  the  success  of 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


895 


their  efforts  and  will  try  to  do  more  and  better 
work  than  ever  before. 

I^danon.— John  Milton: 

Organized  labor  is  becoming  a  strong  factor  in 
the  affairs  of  Lebanon.  Painters  making  demands 
for  increased  wages  and  nine  hour  day.  The 
union  men  get  almost  twice  the  wages  paid  to  un- 
organized workers.  There  is  good  demand  for  the 
anion  labels.    Plumbers  are  about  to  form  union. 

McSfurrysiown. — L.  E.  Topper: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  fair.  The  eight 
hour  law  is  observed  in  the  union  shop  cigar  fac- 
tories, but  where  the  open  shop  obtains  we  find 
the  hours  long,  whether  the  workers  are  union  men 
or  not.  Tobacco  strippers  are  gaining  in  member- 
ship and  show  good  progress.  Federal  labor 
nnion  is  active  in  good  work.  Tailors,  carpenters, 
and  others  are  co-operating  with  the  central  labor 
union  in  improving  conditions  and  organizing  the 
unorganized.  Cigarmakers  are  particularly  active 
in  the  work  for  the  union  labels.  Am  working  on 
a  new  nnion  and  hope  to  report  it  in  line  next 
month. 

New  Brighton.— H^Tiy  S.  Smith: 

The  workers  in  this  vicinity  have  enjoyed  a 
prosperous  season,  and  condition  of  organized 
labor  was  never  better  than  at  this  time.  All 
unions  in  good  shape  and  the  members  are  alive 
to  union  interests.  Wages  are  satisfactory  in  most 
trades.  We  are  working  to  increase  the  patronage 
of  the  union  labels. 

Piasion.—J.  N.  Cathrall: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress.  Theat- 
rical stage  employes  have  secured  recognition  and 
advance  in  wages  Union  mechanics  receive  from 
10  to  50  per  cent  more  compensation  than  the  non- 
unionists,  as  well  as  the  shorter  workday.  Work 
is  plentiful.  Silk  workers  of  this  city  recently  or- 
ganized. A  district  council  of  painters  has  been 
formed  embracing  the  unions  from  Carbondale, 
Scranton,  Pittston,  Wilkesbarre,  Plymouth,  Nanti- 
coke,  and  Hazelton.  We  have  started  the  publica- 
tion of  a  labor  psper.  Splendid  work  is  done  for 
the  union  labels. 

BoiisvilU, — Jere  Brennan: 

All  trades  are  steadily  employed.  Union  men 
have  far  better  conditions  than  the  non-unionists, 
but  the  latter  can  not  voice  any  demands  which 
they  are  powerless  to  enforce.  Central  labor  union 
is  in  good  shape  and  meetings  are  well  attended. 
'Bartenders  have  organized  and  doing  well. 

Scranion.—H,  O.  Almy: 

Practically  all  trades  are  organized  and  in  good 
shape.  Silk  workers  strike  still  on.  but  some  of 
the  mills  are  signing  union  agreements  with  pros- 
pects of  having  all  mills  in  line. 
The  girls  are  determined  to  win. ,  Carriage  work- 
ers have  secured  nine  hour  day  without  reduction 
in  wages.  Employment  continues  steady.  Har- 
ness and  leather  workers  on  horse  goods  have 
formed  a  union.  A  hustling  label  committee  keeps 
the  work  on  the  union  labels  up  to  date. 

WiUiamspori,—&,  Hermann  Alter: 

Ncsrly   wl   lines    of   industry  busy.    Printers 

gdiicd     quite   an    increase    by    securing     new 

writ  mibm  inl  of  October.    Organized  men  get 

oaot  in  wages  better  than  the  unor- 

tndes   which    have   been   on 


strike  this  summer  have  prospects  of  gaining  their 
demands.    The  union  labels  are  pushed. 

Wilkesbarre. — ^John  B.  Gallagher: 

The  outlook  for  organized  trades  is  continually 
growing  brighter.  There  is  good  demand  for  organ- 
ized labor.  Work  is  steady.  Bartenders  struck  for 
10  hour  day  and  after  seven  hours'  strike  secured 
their  demands.  Hosiery  workers,  after  one  week's 
strike,  secured  eight  hour  day,  union  shop,  and 
the  adoption  of  the  union  label.  The  union  labels 
are  becoming  more  widely  known  and  there  is 
greater  demand  for  them  than  ever  before.  Hosiery 
mill  workers  organized  during  the  month  and  we 
have  employes  of  a  silk  mill  talking  organization. 

rork.-fMm.  Kelly: 

There  is  greater  activity  among  union  members 
of  this  city  than  ever.  The  time  is  ripe  for  organ- 
ization in  this  city  and  we  expect  to  accomplish 
much.  Boilermakers  have  organized  with  bright 
prospects  for  a  strong  union. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 
IVoonsockel.— Joseph  U.  Bombardier: 
Seeing  the  benefits  secured  through  organization 
the  unorganized  workers  are  coming  in  line.  Car- 
penters have  reduced  hours  and  increased  wages 
without  strike.  Nearly  all  trades  have  steady  em- 
plojmient.  We  have  introduced  union  label  goods 
in  stores  which  before  never  handled  them.  Bar- 
bers and  retail  clerks  are  likely  to  organize. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Columbia.— A..  J.  Royal: 

Have  organized  the  following  unions  recently: 
Loomfixers,  with  120  members;  weavers  in  cotton 
mills,  with  250  members,  and  retail  clerks,  with  200 
members.  Street-car  men,  stationary  engineers, 
and  telephone  operators  have  organized  and  are  in 
good  shape.  Teamsters,  soda  water  fountain  em- 
ployes, and  cotton  mill  workers'  unions  are  under 
way  and  expect  to  report  them  in  line  next  month. 
Calls  have  come  from  different  parts  of  the  state 
with  view  to  organization.  Have  under  way  the  for- 
mation of  a  state  federation  of  labor.  We  now  have 
29  white  unions  and  four  colored  organizations, 
which  represent  fully  90  per  cent  of  the  workers. 
We  are  determined,  if  hard  work  can  accomplish 
it,  to  organize  this  city  and  vicinity  solidly.  The 
Labor  Day  demonstration  here  was'a  great  success, 
and  conditions  show  that  the  workers  have  awak- 
ened and  realize  their  needs.  The  increase  in 
membership  of  the  various  unions  is  fully  800  mem- 
bers during  the  past  six  months.  Inside  electrical 
workers  recently  secured  eight  hour  day  without 
strike.  Commercial  telegraphers  are  standing 
firm  for  their  demands.  Not  one  deserter  in  the 
ranks. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Aberdeen. — J.  W.  Woodman: 

Organized  printers  of  this  city  recently  signed 
two  shops  for  the  eight  hour  day  without  strike. 
Railroad  men  here  are  well  organized.  Employ- 
ment is  steady.  Musicians  and  barbers  are  about 
to  organize. 

TENNESSEE. 

Knoxville.—Oeo.  W.  Ford: 

Building  trades  enjoy  steady  employment. 
Nearly  all  skilled  trades  that  are  well  organized  are 
improving  conditions,  but  the  unorganized  seem 
satisfied  with  what  is  offerf^j|^^m.,Coal  minei^ 


896. 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


secured  increase  of  five  per  cent  without  strike. 
Shoe  workers  and  tobacco  workers  are  active  in  the 
work  for  the  union  labels.  The  eight  hour  law  is 
now  being  enforced  on  contractor  doing  work  for 
the  government  in  this  city,  who  for  a  time  worked 
his  men  10  hours  a  day.  Laundry  workers  and 
stationary  firemen  are  organizing. 

Memphis, --C.  W.  Merker: 

Our  city  is  pretty  well  organized  as  far  as  all 
skilled  labor  is  concerned.  We  hope  soon  to  get 
the  unorganized  workers  in  line.  Organized  work- 
ing conditions  naturally  are  far  ahead  of  the  un- 
organized. 

TEXAS. 

Beaumont. — Oscar  Ackerman: 

Employment  continues  steady  here  the  year 
around  No  strikes  to  report  with  the  exception  of 
the  telegraphers,  who  have  been  holding  their 
own  in  fine  shape,  only  one  non-unionist  working. 
Clerks,  butchers,  musicians,  firemen,  engineers, 
and  teamsters  are  about  to  organize. 

BHdgeporL—l,  C.  Phillips: 

The  building  trades  bid  fair  to  be  busy  for  some 
time  owing  to  the  construction  of  new  cotton  oil 
mill,  warehouse,  and  compress,  also  a  brick  and 
tile  plant.  Miners  are  working  under  union  con- 
tracts. Clerks  have  secured  union  scale  of  wages 
and  carpenters  have  satisfactory  conditions.  The 
farmers' .  union  is  prospering  throughout  the 
county.  Have  one  new  union  under  way.  A  num- 
ber of  questions  of  vital  interest  to  unionists  such 
ftS  abolition  of  child  labor  and  convict  labor  are 
discussed  at  union  meetings.  The  question  of 
union  labels  and  the  observance  of  boycotts 
9  gainst  unfair  firms  is  also  given  proper  attention. 

Corpm  Chrisli.^B.  P.  Moore: 

All  trades  are  well  organized.  There  were  about 
twenty-five  non-union  carpenters  who  are  now 
joining  the  union  as  fast  as  possible.  Employment 
continues  steady.  Wages  have  improved  fully  25 
per  cent  during  the  past  year.  Union  label  league 
IS  doing  good  work  for  the  union  labels. 

Galveslon.—W,  F.  Curtis: 

Nearly  every  worker  in  this  city  belongs  to 
some  trade  organization.  In  fact  it  is  hard  lo  get 
employment  unless  a  man  belongs  to  some  union. 
Work  is  plentiful.  Dock  workers  went  on  strike 
and  after  one  week  made  a  satisfactory  compro- 
mise and  went  back  to  work.  The  result  of  organ- 
ization is  evident  in  the  wages  obtained  by  all  the 
workers.  Every  store  carries  the  union  labels. 

Houston.— J,  H.  Harmon: 

We  have  now  32  local  unions  which  represent  a 
membership  of  5.000  workers.  The  organized 
workers  secure  good  conditions  and  the  majority 
of  union  men  have  increased  wages  without  strike. 
Clerks  and  laundry  workers  are  likely  to  organize. 

Port  Arthur,—},  G.  Noyes: 

All  unions  are  working  in  harmony  and  labor 
conditions  are  good.  Employment  is  steady  in  all 
lines,  with  the  exception  of  dock  workers,  who 
are  slack  on  account  of  the  slump  in  export  lum- 
ber. Carpenters  secured  increased  wages  of  50 
cents  a  day  and  eight  hour  day  without  strike. 
The  union  shop  is  general  throughout  the  city. 
Blacksmiths  and  stationary  firemen  are  about  to 
form  unions. 


Saratoga, — A.  Spencer: 

Work  is  steady,  and  generally  in  this  climate 
employment  becomes  more  plentiful  in  the  fill 
and  winter.  Oil  and  gas  well  drillers  of  this  city 
are  likely  fo  organize.  Several  laws  favorbale  to 
organized  labor  were  enacted  by  the  last  legisla- 
ture. Union  men  insist  on  all  union  labeled  goods. 

Sherman,—^,  Mitchell: 

Nearly  all  skilled  labor  in  this  city  is  organized, 
but  the  unskilled  still  remain  outside  the  fold 
Employment  is  steady  with  most  trades.  Textile 
workers  reduced  their  workday  one  hour  and  ob- 
tained advance  in  wages.  We  are  promoting  the 
union  labels.  Clerks  have  organized.  Have  one 
new  union  under  way. 

Thurber,—Q,  L.  Lightfoot: 

Organized  labor  in  good  condition.  Very  few 
non-union  men  employed  in  this  city.  Organized 
labor  has  every  advantage  over  the  unorganized. 

UTAtt 

Ogden.—^,  M.  Piggott: 

There  are  few  union  men  unemployed  in  this 
vicinity.  Organized  labor  in  pretty  good  shape, 
but  the  unorganized  workers  are  not  well  paid. 
Union  men  have  gained  some  improvement  all 
along  the  line,  without  strike.  Electrical  linemen 
who  are  on  strike  have  good  chance  to  win  their 
demands.  Cement  workers  have  organized  and 
are  increasing  in  membership. 

VERMONT. 

Newport,—^,  P.  Sweet: 

Organized  labor  doing  fine,  working  eifht  and 
nine  hour  day  at  good  pay.  We  have  had  no 
strikes  in  this  section  for  over  a  year.  Wages  have 
increased  and  the  shorter  workday  has  been  ob- 
^ined.  Employment  has  been  steady.  The 
weekly  pay  law  which  is  being  enforced  seems  to 
be  equally  satisfactory  to  employer  as  well  as  em- 
ployes. Have  organized  a  new  union  at  Bcutons 
Landing  and  have  several  other  crafts  in  line. 

VIRGINIA. 

aifton  Forge,--],  E.  Welch: 

Organized  labor  in  prosperous  condition  and 
union  men  are  making  steady  progress.  The  un- 
organized workers,  however,  are  not  faring  so  well. 
Employment  has  been  steady.  Barbers  will  prob- 
ably organize.  We  do  all  we  can  to  push  the 
union  labels. 

fbrtsmouth,— Harry  E.  Phelps: 

Union  men  are  steadily  employed  at  good  wages, 
while  the  unorganized  have  uncertain  employ- 
ment, and  their  wages  do  not  compare  with  the 
union  scales.  Work  has  been  plentiful  all  sum- 
mer. Boilermakers  secured  25  cents  ft  day  after  a 
three  days*  strike.  We  have  a  union  man  in  the 
field  as  candidate  for  public  •  ffice  and  his  outlook 
for  election  is  bright.  Stationary  firemen  and 
steam  engineers  are  about  to  organize. 

/Richmond, — James  Brown : 

Organized  labor  making  good  progress  in  re- 
gard to  working  conditions,  while  tne  unorganized 
have  to  contend  with  long  hours  and  starvation 
wages.  Telegraph  operators  and  printers  are 
holding  out  in  their  strike  for  their  just  demands. 
Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


897 


Extracts  From  Constitution  of  Oklahoma. 


BILL  OF  RIGHTS. 

ARTICLE  II. 

Section  l.  All  political  power  is  inherent  in  the 
people;  and  gjovernment  is  instituted  for  their  pro- 
tection, secunty,  and  benefit,  and  to  promote  their 
general  welfare;  and  they  have  the  right  to  alter  or 
reform  the  same  whenever  the  public  good  may  re- 
quire it.  Provided  such  change  be  not  repugnant 
to  the  constitution  of  the  United  States. 

Sbc  2.  All  persons  have  the  inherent  right  to 
life,  liberty,  the  pursuit  of  happiness,  and  the  en- 
joyment of  the  gains  of  their  own  industry. 

Sbc.  3.  The  people  have  the  right  peaceably  to 
assemble  for  their  own  good,  and  to  apply  to  those 
invested  with  the  powers  of  government  for  re- 
dress of  grievances  by  petition,  address,  or  remon- 
strance. 

Sec.  4.  No  power,  civil  or  military,  shall  ever 
interfere  to  prevent  the  free  exercise  of  the  right 
of  suffrage  by  those  entitled  to  such  right. 

Sbc  5.  No  public  money  or  property  shall  ever 
be  appropriated,  applied,  donated,  or  used,  di- 
rectly or  indirectly,  for  the  use,  benefit,  or  sup- 
port of  any  sect,  church,  denomination,  or  system 
of  reli^on,  or  for  the  use,  benefit,  or  support  of 
any  pnest,  preacher,  minister,  or  other  religious 
teacncr  or  dignitary,  or  sectarian  institution  as 
such. 

Sbc.  6.  The  courts  of  justice  of  the  state  shall  be 
open  to  every  person,  and  speedy  and  certain  rem- 
edy afforded  for  every  wrong  and  for  every  injury 
to  person,  property,  or  reputation;  .and  right  and 
justice  shall  be  administered  without  sale,  denial, 
delay,  or  prejudice. 

Sbc.  7.  No  person  shall  be  deprived  of  life,  lib- 
erty, or  property,  without  due  process  of  law. 

Sec.  8.  All  persons  shall  be  bailable  by  sufficient 
sureties,  except  for  capital  offenses  when  the  proof 
of  guilt  is  evident,  or  the  presumption  thereof  is 
great. 

Sbc  9.  Excessive  bail  shall  not  be  required,  nor 
excessive  fines  imposed,  nor  cruel  or  unusual  pun- 
ishments inflicted. 

Sec.  10.  The  privilege  of  the  writ  of  habeas  cor- 
pus shall  never  DC  suspended  by  the  authorities  of 
this  state. 

Sbc  11.  Every  person  elected  or  appointed  to 
any  office  or  employment  of  trust  or  profit  under 
the  laws  of  the  state  or  under  any  ordinance  of 
any  municipality  thereof,  shall  give  personal  at- 
tention to  the  duties  of  the  office  to  which  he  is 
elected  or  appointed. 

Sbc  12.  No  member  of  Coneressfrom  this  state, 
or  person  holding  any  office  of  trustor  profit  under 
the  laws  of  any  other  state,  or  of  the  United 
States,  shall  hold  any  office  of  trust  or  profit  under 
the  laws  of  this  state. 

Sbc  13.  Imprisonment  for  debt  is  prohibited, 
except  for  the  nonpayment  of  fines  and  penalties 
imposed  for  the  violation  of  law. 

Sbc  14.  The  military  shall  be  held  in  strict 
subordination  to  the  civil  authorities.    No  soldier 


shall  be  quartered  in  any  house  in  time  of  peace 
without  the  consent  of  the  owner,  nor  in  time  of 
war,  except  in  a  manner  to  be  prescribed  by  law. 
Sbc  is.  No  bill  of  attainder,  ex  post  facto  law, 
nor  any  law  impairing  the  oblig[ation  of  contracts, 
shall  ever  be  passed.  No  conviction  shall  work  a 
corruption  of  blood  or  forfeiture  of  estate;  pro- 
vided, that  this  provision  shall  not  prohibit  the 
imposition  of  pecuniary  penalties. 

Sbc  16.  Treason  against  the  state  shall  consist 
only  in  levying  war  against  it  or  in  adhering  to  its 
enemies,  giving  them  aid  and  comfort.  No'  per- 
son shall  be  convicted  of  treason,  unless  on  the 
testimony  of  two  witnesses  to  the  same  overt  act, 
or  on  confession  in  open  court. 

Sbc.  17.  No  person  shall  be  prosecuted  crimi- 
nally in  courts  of  record  for  felony  or  misdemeanor 
otherwise  than  by  presentment  or  indictment  or 
by  information.  No  person  shall  be  prosecuted  for 
a  felony  by  information  without  having  had  a  pre- 
liminary examination  before  an  examining  magis- 
trate, or  having  waived  such  preliminary  exami- 
nation. Prosecutions  may  be  instituted  in  courts 
not  of  record  upon  a  duly  verified  complaint. 

Sbc  18.  A  grand  jury  shall  be  composed  of 
twelve  men,  anv  nine  of  whom  concurring  may 
find  an  indictment  or  true  bill.  A  grand  jury  shall 
be  convened  .upon  the  order  of  a  judge  of  a  court 
having  the  power  to  try  and  determine  felonies, 
upon  his  own  motion  ;  or  such  grand  jury  shall  be 
ordered  by  such  ludge  upon  the  filing  of  a  petition 
therefor,  signed  by  one  hundred  resident  taxpay- 
ers of  the  county  ;  when  so  assembled  such  grand 
jury  shall  have  power  to  investigate  and  return  in- 
dictments for  all  character  and  grades  of  crime, 
and  such  other  powers  as  the  legislature  may  pre- 
scribe :  Provided,  That  the  legislature  may  make 
the  calling  of  a  grand  jury  compulsory. 

Sec  19.  The  right  of  trial  by  jury  shall  be  and  re- 
main inviolate,  and  a  jury  for  the  trial  of  civil  and 
criminal  cases  in  courts  of  record,  other  than 
county  courts,  shall  consist  of  twelve  men  ;  but, 
in  county  courts  and  courts  not  of  record,  a  jury 
shall  consist  of  six  men.  This  section  shall  not  be 
so  construed  as  to  prevent  limitations  being  fixed 
by  law  upon  the  right  of  appeal  from  judgments 
of  courts  not  of  record  in  civil  cases  concerning 
causes  of  action  involving  less  than  twenty  dol- 
lars. In  civil  cases,  and  in  criminal  cases  less 
than  felonies,  three-fourths  of  the  whole  number 
of  jurors  concurring  shall  have  power  to  render  a 
verdict.  In  all  other  cases  the  entire  number  of 
jurors  must  concur  to  render  a  verdict.  In  case  a 
verdict  is  rendered  by  less  than  the  whole  number 
of  jurors,  the  verdict  shall  be  in  writing  and  signed 
by  each  juror  concurring  therein. 

Sbc  20.  In  all  criminal  prosecutions  the  accused 
shall  have  the  right  to  a  speedy  and  public  trial 
by  an  impartial  jury  of  the  county  in  which  the 
crime  shall  have  been  committed:  Provided,  that 
the  venue  may  be  changed  to  some  other  countv  of 
the  state,  on  the  application  of  the  accused,  in 
such  manner  as  maybe  pre8§lfji|^^)btJ0^O^*e 


AMERICAN  FEDERATION  1ST 


shall  be  informed  of  the  nature  and  cause  of  the 
accusation  against  him  and  have  a  copy  thereof, 
and  be  confronted  with  the  witnesses  against  him, 
and  have  compulsory  process  for  obtaining  wit- 
nesses in  his  behalf.  He  shall  have  the  right  to 
be  heard  by  himself  and  counsel;  and  in  capital 
cases,  at  least  two  days  before  the  case  is  called 
for  trial,  he  shall  be  furnished  with  a  list  of  the 
witnesses  that  will  be  called  in  chief,  to  prove  the 
allegations  of  the  indictment  or  information,  to- 
gether with  their  post  office  addresses. 

Sec.  21.  No  person  shall  be  compelled  to  give 
evidence  which  will  tend  to  incriminate  him,  ex- 
cept as  in  this  constitution  specifically  provided; 
nor  shall  any  person,  after  having  been  once  ac- 
quitted by  a  jury,  be  again  put  in  jeopardy  of  life 
or  liberty  for  that  of  which  he  has  been  acquitted. 
Nor  shall  any  person  be  twice  put  in  jeopardy  of 
life  or  liberty  for  the  same  offense. 

Skc  22,  Every  person  may  freely  speak,  write 
or  publish  his  sentiments  on  all  subjects,  being  re- 
sponsible for  the  abuse  of  that  ric^ht;  and  no  law 
shall  be  passed  to  restrain  or  abridge  the  liberty  of 
speech  or  of  the  press.  In  all  criminal  prosecu- 
tions for  libel,  the  truth  of  the  matter  alleged  to 
be  libelous  may  be  given  in  evidence  to  the  jury, 
and  if  it  shall  appear  to  the  jury  that  the  matter 
charged  as  libelous  be  true,  and  was  written  or 
published  with  good  motives  and  for  justifiable 
ends,  the  party  shall  be  acquitted. 

Sec.  23.  No  private  property  shall  be  taken  or 
damaged  for  pnvate  use,  with  or  without  compen- 
sation, unless  by  consent  of  the  owner,  except  for 
private  ways  of  necessity,  or  for  drains  and  ditches 
acrosslandsof  others  for  agricultural,  mining,  or 
sanitary  purposes,  in  such  manner  as  may  be  pre- 
scribed by  law. 

Sec.  24  Private  property  shall  not  be  taken  or 
damaged  for  public  use  without  just  compensation. 
Such  compensation,  irrespective  of  any  benefit 
from  any  improvements  proposed,  shall  be  ascer- 
tained by  a  board  of  commissioners  of  not  less 
than  three  freeholders,  in  such  manner  as  may  be 


prescribed  bylaw.  The  commissioners  shall  not  be 
appointed  by  any  judge  or  court  without  reason- 
able notice  having  been  served  upon  all  parties  in 
interest.  The  commissioners  shall  be  selected  from 
the  regular  jury  list  of  names  prepared  and  made 
as  the  legislature  shall  provide.  Any  party  ag- 
grieved shall  have  the  right  of  appeal,  without 
bond,  and  trial  by  jury  in  a  court  of  record.  Until 
the  compensation  shall  be  paid  to  the  owner,  or 
into  court  for  the  owner,  the  property  shall  not  be 
disturbed,  or  the  proprietary  rights  of  the  owner 
divested.  When  possession  is  taken  of  property 
condemned  for  any  public  use,  the  owner  shall  bie 
entitled  to  the  immediate  receipt  of  the  compensa- 
tion awarded,  without  prejudice  to  the  right  of 
either  party  to  prosecute  further  proceeding  for 
the  judicial  determination  of  the  sufficiency  or  in- 
sufficiency of  such  compensation.  The  fee  of  land 
taken  by  common  earners  for  right  of  way,  with- 
out the  consent  of  the  owner,  shall  remain  in  such 
owner  subject  only  to  the  use  for  which  it  is  taken. 
In  all  cases  of  condemnation  of  private  property 
for  public  or  private  use,  the  oetermi nation  of 
the  character  of  the  use  shall  be  a  judicial  ques- 
tion. 

Seo.  25  The  legrislature  shall  pass  laws 
deflningr  oontempts  and  regrulatingr  the  pro- 
oeeding-s  and  punishment  in  matters  of 
oontempt.  Provided  that  any  person  ac- 
cused of  violatingr  or  disobeyingr.  when  not 
in  the  presence  or  hearingr  of  the  oourt,  or 
Judgre  sittingr  as  such,  any  order  of  injunc- 
tion, or  restraint,  made  or  entered  by  any 
court  or  Judgre  of  the  state  shall,  befbre 
penalty  or  punishment  is  imposed,  be  en- 
titled to  a  trial  by  Jury  as  to  the  firuilt  or 
innocence  of  the  accused.  In  no  oaAe  shall 
a  penalty  or  punishment  be  imposed  for 
contempt  until  an  opportunity  to  be  heard 
is  ffiven. 

[To  be  Continued.] 


DISTRICT  AND  GENERAL  ORGANIZERS. 


Number  Commissioned  Organisers,  American  Federa- 
tion of  L*abor,  1,175. 

District  No.  I.— Eastern. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Maine.  Vermont,  New  Hamp- 
shire, Massacbusettfl,  Rhode  Island,  Conneotiout,  and 
the  Province  of  New  Brunswick,  Canada. 

0/S»2iifert,  Stuart  Reld,  Thomas  F.  Tracy. 

District  No.  II.— Middle. 

Comprising  the  states  of  New  York.  New  Jersey,  Penn- 
sylvania, Delaware,  Maryland,  the  District  of  Columbia, 
and  the  Province  of  Quebec,  C»nada. 

Organisen,  Herman  Robinson.  Hugh  Frayne,  Cal 
Wyatt,  W.  C.  Hahn,  Thomas  H.  Flynn,  Arthur  E. 
Holder,  John  A.  Flett,  H.  L.  Elchelberger,  Jacob  Taze> 
laar,  Jas.  E.  Roach. 

District  No.  III.— Southern. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Virginia,  North  Carolina, 
South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Florida,  Kentucky,  Tennessee, 
Alabama,  Mississippi,  and  Louisiana. 

OrgAnixera^  James  Leonard,  R.  L.  Harper,  J.  J.  O'Don- 
nell. 

District  No.  IV.— Central. 
Comprising  the  states  of  West  Virginia,  Ohio,  Indiana, 
IllHi'Tis,  Michigan,  and  Wisconsin. 


Org»nisert,  J.  J.  Fitzpatrick,  J.  D.  Pierce,  Emmet  T 
Flood,  William  E.  Terry,  Edwin  R.  Wright. 

Dbtrict  No.  v.— Northwestern. 

Comprising    the  states  of  Minnesota.  Iowa,   North 
Dakota,  South  Dakota,  Nebraska,  and  Manitoba. 
OrgmalMer»f  M.  Grant  Hamilton,  Geo.  B.  How  ley. 

District  No.  VI.— Southwestern. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Missouri,  Kansas,  Texas, 
Indian  Territory,  Oklahoma,  and  Arkansas. 

Orfaniiert,  Henry  M.  Walker,  Peter  Hanraty,  Sim  A. 
Bramlette. 

District  No.  VII.— Inter-Mountain. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Montana,  Wyoming,  CokH 
rado.  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  Utah,  and  Idaho. 

District  No.  Vfll.— Pacific  Coast 

Comprising  the  states  of  Nevada,  Alas!  ^ 
ton,  Oregon,  California,  and  the  Proviaeeof 
lumbia. 

Organtten,  C.  O.  Young,  George  Snyder^ 


Porto  Rico.— Santiago  Igl 

Digitized  by 


r^oogle 


American  Federationist. 

Official  monthly  maoazin e 
dkvoted  to  the  interests,  and  voicing  the  de- 
MANDS OF  THE  TRADE  UNION  MOVEMENT. 
PUBLISHED  BY 

THE  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR. 

— AT— 

423  425  a  Street  N.  W.  Washlnfftoa,  D.  C. 

Correspondents  will  please  write  on  one  side  of  the 
paper  only,  and  address  _  _ 

Samuel  Gompbrs,  Editor,  Wathlngton,  D.  C. 
All  communications  relating  to  finances  and  subscrip- 
tions should  be  addressed  to 

Frank  Morrison,  Secretary,  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  publisher  reserves  the  right  to  reject  or  revoke 
advertising  contracts  at  any  time. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  Is  not  sponsor  for. 
nor  Interested  In,  any  souvenir  publication  of  any  kind. 

Entered  at  Washington,  D.  C.  postoflElce  as  second-class 
matter. 


SUBSCRIPTION: 


Per  Aaanm, 
Single  copy. 


$1.00. 
10  CenU. 


Bxecotlve  Conncll,  A.  F.  of  L. 

SAMUEL  GOMPER8,  President. 
JAMES  DUNCAN,  First  Vice-President. 
JOHN  MITCHELL,  Second  Vice-President. 
JAMES  0*CONNELL.  Third  Vice-President. 
MAX  MORRIS,  Fourth  Vice-President. 
DENIS  A.  HAYES.  Fifth  Vice-President. 
DANIEL  J.  KEEPE.  Sixth  Vice-President. 
WILLIAM  D.  HUBER,  Seventh  Vice-President. 
JOSEPH  F.  VALENTINE,  Eighth  Vice-President. 
JOHN  B.  LENN ON,  Treasurer. 
FRANK  MORRISON,  Secretary. 


Heai>quabtsr8  American  Federation  of  Labor, 

Washington,  D.  C,  October  12^  1907, 
To  All  Org&nited  Labor: 

All  thinking  men  inclined  to  fairness  and  Justice  real- 
ize the  abuse  of  the  injunction  process  as  administered 
by  Judges  in  courts,  and  this,  too.  of  the  municipal,  state, 
as  well  as  the  federal  courts.  All  labor  has  been  com- 
pelled to  give  this  subject  its  deepest  consideration  and 
concern. 

The  conventions  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
have  frequently  dealt  with  this  subject  and  sought  relief. 
The  last  convention  of  the  American  Federation  of  La- 
bor, held  at  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  unanimously  adopted 
the  following: 

**There  is  no  tendency  so  dangerous  to  personal  liberty, 
BO  destructive  of  free  institutions  and  of  a  republican 
formof  government,  as  the  present  misuse  and  exten- 
sion of  the  equltv  power  through  usurpation  by  the  Ju- 
diciary; and  we  therefore  urge  the  speedy  enactment  of 
the  Pearre (a nti-inj unction)  bill  into  law, and  we  further 
reoommend  that  candidates,  for  legislative  or  Judicial 
poaltlons,  be  carefully  Investigated  as  to  their  past  acts, 
and  Interrogated  as  to  their  position  on  this  matter  be- 
fore they  be  given   any  support,  and  that  those  who, 


(899) 


from  their  actions  or  their  expressions,  are  deemed  un- 
sound, be,  regardless  of  auy  other  Question,  repudiated." 
In  view  of  elections  being  held  In  several  parts  of 
our  country  for  both  legislative  and  Judicial  offices.  It  Is 
submitted  that  it  is  the  duty  of  our  fellow-workers  to 
take  the  initiative  and  necessary  action  as  will  carry 
the  purpose  of  this  unanimous  expression  of  organized 
labor  into  eflTect. 

Inclosed  >ou  will  find  copy  of  the  Pearre  bill  upon 
which  candidates  fur  Judicial  or  legislative  office  «>hould 
be  pledged,  repudiated,  or  oppo^ea. 

Sincerely  hoping  that  prompt  and  effective  action  in 
the  interest  of  Tabor  and  Jusilce  to  all  may  be  takeD,;we 
are.  Fraternally  yours, 

Samuel  Oompbrs, 
Preaidt-nt^  American  Federation  of  Labor. 
Attest: 

Frank  Morrison, 
Secretary. 

James  Duncan,  First  Vice-President. 
John  Mitchell,  Second  Vice-Presidtnt. 
James  0*Connell,  Third  Vice-President. 
Max  Morris,  Fourth  Vice-President. 
Denis  A.  Hayes,  Fifth  Vice-President. 
Daniel  J.  Keefb,  Sixth  Vice  President. 
Wm.  D.  Huber,  Seventh  Vi'  e- President. 
Joseph  F.  Valentine  ^Eighth  Vice-President. 
John  B.  Lennon,  Treason  r 

Executive  (J-  uuciJ^  American 
Federation  of  Labor. 
By  order  of  the  Minneapolis  convention  of  the  Ameri- 
can Federation  of  Labor. 

American  Federation  of  Labor  Anti-Injunction 
Bill. 

To  regulate  the  issuance  of  restraining  orden*  and  in- 
junctions and  procedure  thereon  and  to  limit  the 
meaning  of  '^conspiracy'*  in  certain  cases. 
Beit  enacted, etc.. That  no  restraining  order  or;tln- 
Junction  shall  be  granted  by  any  court  of  the  State  of 

, ,  or  a  Judge  or  I  he  Judges  thereof.  In  any  ca»e 

between  an  employer  and  an  employe,  «)r  between  em- 
ployers and  employes,  or  between  employee,  or  be- 
tween persons  employed  to  labor  and  persons  seeking 
employment  as  laborers,  ur  between  persons  seeking 
employment  as  laborers  or  involving  or  growing  out  of 
a  dispute  concerning  terms  or  conditions  of  employ- 
ment, unless  necessary  to  prevent  irreparable  injury  to 
property  or  to  a  property  right  of  the  party  making  the 
application,  for  which  Injury  there  Is  no  adequate  re- 
medy at  law,  and  such  property  or  property  right  muRt 
be  particularly  described  in  the  application,  which  must 
be  in  writing  and  sworn  to  by  the  applicant  or  by  his,  her, 
or  its  agent  or  attorney.  And  for  the  purposes  of  this 
Act  no  right  to  continue  the  relation  of  employer  and 
employe  or  to  assume  or  create  such  relation  with  any 

E articular  p<-rson  or  persons,  or  at  all.  or  to  carrv  on 
asinessofany  particular  klnO.or  at  any  partlcularplace. 
or  at  all,  shall  be  construed,  held,  considered,  or  treated 
as  property  or  as  constituting  a  property  right. 

Sec.  2.  That  In  cases  atising  in  the  courtsof  the  slate 

of , ,  or  coming  before  said  courts,  or  before 

any  Judge  or  the  Judges  thereof,  no  agreement  between 
two  or  more  persons  concerning  the  terms  or  conditions 
of  employment  of  labor,  or  the  assumption  or  creation 
or  termination  of  any  relation  between  em  pi  over  snd 
employe,  or  concerning  any  act  or  thing  to  be  done  or 
not  to  be  done  with  rererencetoor  involving  or  growing 
out  of  a  labor  dispute  shall  constitute  a  conspiracy  or 
other  c rim Inaroffense  or  be  punished  or  prtsecuted  as 
such  unless  the  act  or  thing  agreed  to  be  done  or  not  to 
be  done  would  be  unlawful  if  done  by  a  single  indi- 
vidual, nor  shall  the  entering  Into  or  the  carrying  out 
of  any  such  agreement  be  restrained  or  enjoined  unless 
such  act  or  thing  agreed  to  be  done  would  be  subject  to 
be  restrained  or  enjoined  under  the  provisions,  limita- 
tions, and  definition  contained  in  tne  first  section  of 
this  act. 

Sec.  8.  That  all  acts  and  parU  of  acts  In  confilct^wU^ 
the  provisions  of  this  act  are  hereby  repealed/ OV  IV^ 


900 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Wc  Don't  Patronize. 

When  application  is  made  by  an  international  anion 
to  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  to  place  any  bosi- 
ness  firm  upon  the  **We  Don't  Patronize*'  list  the  inter- 
national is  required  to  make  a  fall  MAt^ment  of  Itii 
grievance  against  imch  oompaoy^  Euid  al^^o  vvtint  i'fl'orls 
nave  been  made  to  adjiiHt  tlie  siime. 

The  American  Pcdi'mtion  of  Labor  either  throagb 
correspondence  or  by  duly  ikuiborLxcd  repre^Jent^lWofi 
seeks  an  interview  with  sucb  Elrm  for  tbe  piirposs  of 
ascertaining  the  cumpany'a  veraloTi  of  the  mailer  jn 
controversy. 

After  having  exliAumed  In  ih\^  way  ^very  efR»rt  to 
amicably  adjust  the  mutter,  tbe  appLLcatlon,  logotber 
with  a  full  history  of  the  entire  romtter,  Ij»  sulimlued  to 
the  Executive  Counclil  of  tbe  American  Federation  of 
Labor  for  such  action  as  iL  may  deetn  nd finable.  If 
approved,  the  flrm'H  name  appeam  on  the  "Wie  Don't 
Patronize"  list  in  tbe  Tollawlni:  Issue  of  tho  AMEfitiCAEi 
Pbdbratiokist. 

An  international  union  Is  not  allowed  to  have  put>- 
llshed  the  names  of  more  ihan  Lbree  arms  at  auyone 
time. 

Similar  course  Ik  followed  when  appUoAllon  is  made 
bv  a  local  u  Dion  directly  artt  I  tidied  wfih  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor.  blrcicMy  atHlluted  k»oal  niiionH 
are  allowed  the  publication  of  but  one  Urm  at  one  time. 
Union  workioginei)  nnd  workiugwomen  wnd  Rympa- 
thizers  with  labor  Xi^v^  refused  U^  purt^b^Nt^  nrticlt-s  pro 
duced  by  the  following  flrniH-Lj*bor  papers  plettse  noiid 
changes  from  moniU  to  mnutti  Knd  L'Opy: 

Food  ami*  Ki^itiBRiv  PHODCcra. 
Braad.—McKlnney  Bf<*ad  Company,  Ht.  Ixmli*,  Mo. 
Ogars.— Carl  Upman.  of  New   York  t'lly:  Kerbs.   Wer- 

theim  AschltTc^r,  of  New  York  City,  mikoufiiciurers 

of  the   Henry    ueorge  and  Tom    Mo^rre    Ogars; 

Rosenthal  CompFiny,  New  Yark    Clt-y,   itiaoufac- 

turers   of  the    Bill    liugaii.    King   Alfred,    I^'elper 
.     Ueidselck,  Joe  Wulcott,  Big  Bear,  Dlumotid  U,  El 

Tiladdo,  Jack  Dare,  Little  Alfred,  Club  House,  Our 

Bob,  1105  Royal  Arcanum  cigars. 
F7oar.— Wash  burn -Cn»R  by     MllUns    Co.*    Minneapolis, 

Minn.;   Valley  City    Milling    Co.,    Grand  Haplds, 

Mich. 
OroesriM.— James  Uuilen  New  York  City. 
Jfeat.— Jones  Lamb  Company,  Baltimore.  Md. 
Tobacco. — American   and    Continental    Tobacco   Coni> 

panics. 
ITiiislcey.— Finch  Ulstming  Company,  PHlsburf*  Pa. 

Ci^TurjetJ. 
Clotbiag.S.    SneJkuberg    A    Co.,    Philadelphia*   Fa.; 

Clothiers'  Excliiinge,  Rocbeiiler,  N.  Y.;  B.  Kuppen- 

heimerACo,,  Clt4cMgo,  III.;  Hitki^  A  Co.,  Wftnlilng- 

ton,  D.C,  New  York  CUy,  and  IndlauapohJi,  Ind. 
Coraeta. — Ch  I  on  go  l  Xi  rsc  L  Com  pa  iiy ,  man  u  fiic  l  u  rers  K  abo 

and  La  Marguerite  i  ^irf^etft, 
Glovea.-J.  H.   Cownle   Glove   Co.,    DeR  Molnea*  Iowa; 

California  OroveCo  ,  J*aprt,  <"al. 
Hats.— J.  B.  StelAou  CompHuy.  PbUadelphla,  I'a.;  iC.  M. 

Knox  Company,  Brw»k!yn,  N,Y*;  Henry  H.  Uoclof 

^k  Co., Philadelphia,  Ph. 
Shirts  and  CoUHrti ,  —I?  n  1 1  t'<l  ^(h  I  rl  a  n  d  Co!  la  r  Cow  pany , 

Troy,  N.  Y.;  Van  Zmidl,  Jacobs  ^  Co.,  Troy,  N.  Y.; 

Cluett»   Peabody   A   Co.,    Troy*    N.  Y.;  James  R. 

Kaiser,  New  York  Cliy. 

PRINTlNiJ  ANIl  l'LfBt*I€ATIONS. 

Booitbindsrs.— Booruru  A  Pease  Co.,  tir»oklyn»  N,  Y, 

Pr/atlog. —Hudson >  Kimberley  &  Co^^  prinlem.  of  Katiuas 
City.  Mo.;  W.  H.  Con  key  A  Co.,  publlshera,  Ham- 
mond, Ind.;  Timrs,  Lna.  Angeles,  Cat.;  Philadelphia 
laquirer^  Phlladelpbia  flu/Jetin. 

Pottery,  Ui.as8.  tiTOSK,  AJfi>  CaajKNT. 

Pottery  aad  firicJt —Nor  lb  western  Terru  Col  I  a  Co.,  of 
Chicago,  III.;  Coming,  Brlok,  T^le  and  Terra  Cotta 
Companv,  Corning.  N,  Y* 

Csmsnt.— Portland  Penioj^iilar  Cement  Company,  Jack- 
son, Mich.;  I'tlca  HydranUc  Cement  and  Utlca 
Cement  Mfg.  Co.,  LTilea,  III. 

MACirtNERT  A^P  BuiLniitti. 

Genera]  Hard  wan  ^tjaikders,  Frar]?  ±  (Dark,  ^Ina  Com* 
pany.  New  Britain.  Cunn.:  Bniwn  d£  Hh&rpe  Tool 
Company,  Providence,  R.  I  ;  John  HusHell  Cnilery 
Company.  Turner's  Kalis,  Mass.;  Henry  DlSMlon  a 
Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.-  New  York  Knife  Company, 
Walden.  N.  Y. 

Iron  and  Steel— l\liniy\A  Irnti  wnd  Boll  rYuntjany  of  t-ar- 
pentersville*  jll,;  Ca^iey  &  HetigeK,  CrmTianooga, 
Tenn.;  Lincoln  Iron  WfirkH(F.  H.  Paich  Manufac- 
turing CoTnpiimy),  liutlnnd.  Vr.;  Krie  City  Iron 
Works,  Erie,  Pa.; Ht is (jer  ^*e wing  MachI neCo.,  Ell m- 
beth,  N.  J.;  FlttAbuns  KinHnded  MeUl  Co  ,  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.;  American  Uobt  and  Derrick  Co.,  Ht. 


Paul,  Minn.*  Standard  Sewing  Machine  company, 
Cleveland,  Ohio;  Manitowoc  Dry  Dock  Companj. 
Manitowoc,  Wis. 
iStoves.— Wrought  Iron  Range  Co.,  St  LouLs,  Mo.;  Uoltod 
States  Heater  Company,  Detroit,  Mieh.;  Ourmmj 
Fonndrv  C/^mpanv,  Tnronto,  Onf-,;   HonM*  f^ittvrm 

Co.,  St-  Louis,  Mo, 

Wood  aud  F'i;K!f]Ti7RE. 

Haft.— Gulf  Ba#[  Company,  New  Orleans^  La.,  br%ji«tj, 
Bern  Is  Hrothers^m,  Louis,  Mo. 

Braomft  Aad  Dust^rt.— The  Le«  Broom  and  Dust«r  Ctotn- 
pany,  of  f  lav  en  port,  Iowa;  M.  Goeller*s  tk>cia.  Cir- 
cle vine,  Ohio;  Merkle- Wiley  Broom  Co.,  Paxia,  tit 

ribre  Wsre.— Indumtod  Fibre  Ware  Company,  tjook- 
port,  K.  Y. 

f*£ira/s  CJJ1S,— A  TO  erica  o  Billiard  Table  Company^  Onclii' 
nail,  Ohio;  O- Winner  Piano  Com  puny.  Brooklyn, 
N,  Y.;  Krell  Pluno  Company.  Clnclntial»,  Oblv; 
Derby  Desk  Co..  Boston,  Mas^. 

GoJd  Seat^rit.—HaniinjiiH  and  Co..  Philadelphia^  Pa^;  J.i. 
Keeley,  New  York  City;  F.  W.  Hauskotb,  Boalou^ 
Mass. 

Luffl/jt-r.^Rett^le  Bros.  A  Solocnon,  Baltimore,  Md 4  »i> 
Paul  and  Tacoma  Lumber  Com  pany  ^  Tiftcotoa, 
Wash.;  <iray*s  Harbor  commercial  CVi»tOostiiop«>l la. 
Wash. 

I^atfcer.— Lerch  Bros.,  Baltltnori^,  Md. 

Hubbfff.— Lambertville  Rubber  Company^ I jambertTlJtC^ 
N.J. 

n^al/ P/iper^Wlllfam  Bailey  ^^ous,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

H'afo  HM.  —The  U  k  k  m  a  n  -  E  0  ben  Com  pan  y ,  Owfu  ■  borv, 
Ky.;  Owensboro  Wagon  Company.  i>wefX*bop<\ 
Ky.;  F.  A,  Ames  Com  pany«  Owensboro,  Ky. 

TVattf  ftp*.— Keys  lone  Walch  Case  Company,  of  Ptitlftdel- 
phla,  pa.;  Jos.  Kahy,  Brooklyn  Watdi  t^se  Com- 
pany, 8af^  Harbor;  T.  Zorbnigg  Watch  C^«e 
Company^  Klverwltte,  N.  Jn 

Wire  Vioth.—TiiOB,  £.  Oleeson,  East  Newark,  N.  J.;  I^ad- 
liny  Wire  Weaving  Co.,  Colling  wood,  Ohio. 

xM  I^C  ELLA  N  KO  U  Ji, 

Bill PoBUrs.—Bryaa  A.    Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio;    A.     Vmn 

Buren  CO^  and  New  York   Blil  Posting  Co.,  New 

York  CUy, 
ffotefa. —Red  ding  ton  Hotel.  Wilkesbarre,  Pa, 
ItHthv ay g.^AichUon,  Topeka,  aad  Saata  Ke   Railroad: 

Missouri.  KanitRa  and  Texas  fiallfl-ay  CompAujf. 
Tfe/pp-ap/iy.- western   Union  Telegraph  CompaE^  «ii<| 

Us  M  espe  n  eer  S*  r  v  Ice . 
D.  M.  I'arry.  raalanapolls,  Ind. 

Thomas  Taylor  &  Hon,  Hnd^on^  Mass,  *•- 

C.  W.  Post,  Man urac tun; r  of  Grape  Kali  and  Po^Qm 

CereaJ,  Baitte  Creek,  Mich. 


STAie  OF  EMPLOYMENT,  SEPTEMBER,  1907. 

Compiled  bv  Ihc  Editor  of  (he  Ameiican  Federal  ion  iM. 
Of  Lhe  380  onions  making  returns  for  t*epiemt*er,  IKT* 
with  an  aggref^nte  membership  of  'IX^WO^  there  wet*  3Li 

rercenl  Without  empluymenl.  Jn  the  preeedin^  tnontti 
J^a  unions,  wUb  a  memberahlp  of  131,050,  reported  B^S 
per  cent  unemployed* 


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FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


901 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT. 

The  following  laa  statement  of  the  receipts  and  ex- 
penses for  the  month  of  Beptember,  iM>7.  (The  months 
are  abbreviated  thus:  J.  f,  m. »,  m,  etc.) 

1.  Balance  on  hand  Beptember  1, 1MJ7 1116,680  82 

-  2  24 

88  00 


BmsbmalKers  inU  anion,  uix,  July.. 

Intl  spinners  union,  tax,  J,  a,  s 

National  bro  of  operative  potters,  tax,  J,  J, 

a,  s 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Hammond,  Ind, 

tax,  m,J.  J 

Central  labor  union,  Raleigh,  N  C,  tax,  a, 

m,  J 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Shawnee,  1 T,  tax, 

m,  J.  J « 

Federated  trades  council,  Madison,  Wis, 

tax,  may,  *07,  to  and  inol  april,  *06 

Drain  layers  and  helpers  12581,  tax,  sept, 

60o:  d  f,60c 

Machlnisto  helpers  12864,  tax,  aug, 83.60;  d  f, 

$8.60 » 

Laborers  prot  11649,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  $1.80;  d  f.  $1.80 
Federal  labor  11484,  tax,  J  J,  $1.90:  d  f,  fLM)... 
Federal  labor  9079.  tax,  m,J,  J,  $1.66;  d  f,  $1.65 

Federal  labor  11879,  tax, J,  a,  11;  d  f,|l 

Federal  labor  12417,  tax,  J,  J,  $4.50:  d  f.  $4.50... 
Federal  labor  8786,  tex,  July,  $li0:  d  f,  $1.50.. 
-^       K,  July.  18.60; 


118  04 
260 
250 
250 

10  00 

100 

720 
860 
880 
880 
200 
900 
800 
700 

8oa 

200 


Federal  Ubor  11846,  tax,  July.  I8.6U;  d  t,  $8.60 
Federal  labor  7112,  tox,  J,  a,  s. $1.50:  d  f,  $1.60 
Flat  lanitors  12512.  tax,  sept,$l;  d^  $1....«.... 
£gg  lospeciors  tJ706,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $24.76;  d  f, 

Bridge  tendersTi^,  tax,  aug,  t&\  d  f,  $B 

Mail  bag  pouch  makers  and  repairers  10628, 

tax,  J,  a.  $2;  d  f.ri. ~ 

Meter  makers  and  repairers  12284,  tax,  j,  a, 

$2.40;  d  f,  $2.40 

Interlocking  switch  and  signalmen  11867, 

tax,  aug.  $4.50;  d  f,  $4.50 

Agricultural  workers  prot  12006,  tax,  may, 

$1.20;  d  f,  $1.20 

Agricultural  workers  11606,  tax,  s,  o,  n,  '06, 

il.76;  d  f,$8.76 ^ 

Labor  council.  Houston,  Tex,  tax,  m.  a,  m, 

J,  J.  a 

Federal  labor  12669,  sup ~.. 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12668,  sup 

Central  trades  council,  DeLand,  Fla,sap 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Ogden,  Utah,  sup.. 
Comb  and  novelty  rubber  workers  12074, 

tax,  J,  J,  a.  $9;  d  f,  $9;  sup, 50o 

Machinists  helpers  12550,  sup 

Suspender  workers  12282,.sup 

Federal  labor  12426,  Ux,  may,  $1.25;  d  f,  $4.25 

Federal  labor  12567,  sup 

4.  Intl  union  of  elevator  constructors,  tax,  aug 
Carriage  and  wagon  workers  intl  of  N  A, 

tax,  J,  f,  m 

Bootblacks  prot  12290,  tax,  J,  J,  $4  06:  d  f,  $4.06 
Egg  Inspectors  11254,  tax,  aug,  $15;  d  f,  $16..... 
Federal  labor  12865,  tax,  aug,  $1.16;  d  f,  $1.16 
Central  labor  union,  iiolyoke.  Mass,  tax, 

Machinlsti  helpers  and  laborers  12506,  tax, 

J.  a,  $6.90;  d  f.$8.90 

Machinists  helpers  12864,  tax,  aug,  and  aoct 

sept,  $1.86;  d  f,  $1.85 

Federal  labor  7591,  tax,  J,  a,  $6;  d  f,  $5;  sup,  $1 
Federal  labor  12514,  tax,  aug,  $8.S;  d  U  $3.66; 

sup,  50c 

6.  Kmmettassorock  drillers  and  tool  sharpen- 
ers 11806.  Ux,  July,  $21.60;  d  f,  181.50 

Chas  F  Bailey,  refund  of  organizing  ex- 
penses  

Lead  burners  12889,  tax,  June,  12.50:  d  f,  $2.60         

Federal  labor  11624,  tax,  July,  $10;  d  f.  810 20  00 

Sugar  workers  10619.  tax,  $12.50;  d  f,  $12.50  ...  25  00 
Window  cleaners  12020,  tax,  a,  s,  85c;  d  f.  85c         '  "" 

Federal  labor  8306,  tax,  sept,  $2;  d  f.  $2. 

Federal  labor  10007,  tax,  J,  a,  82;  d  f,  12 

Suspender  workers  ]0006,sup 

Federal  labor  12626,  tax,  sept,  $5;  d  f,  $5;  sup, 

$8.26 18  26 

6.  Trades  assem  Charleston,  W  Va,  tax,  m, 

.  a,m „ 2  60 

InU  asso  of  glass  house  employes,  tax,  J,  J,  a  1  28 
Metropolitan  asso    double  drum    holster 

runners  11375,  tax,  J,  J,  a,  $7 J5;  d  f,r.85 . —         14  70 
Central  labor  union,  Scranton,  Pa,  tax,  m, 

J,  J.  a.  8,  o .'. 6  00 

Federal  labor  19012,  tax,  aug.  $1.25;  d  f,  $1.26  2  60 
Federal  labor  12800,  tax,  aug.  $1.86;  d  f.  $1.86  2  70 
Federal  labor  9965,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $6.70;  d  f,  $5.70        11  40 


49  50 
600 

400 

480 

900 

240 

7  60 

600 

11  00 
600 

10  00 
600 

18  60 
600 
600 
860 

10  00 

12  14 

46  60 

8  10 
80  00 

280 

260 
18  80 

870 

11  00 

7  80 

48  00 

16  29 
600 


1  70 

400 

400 

16  00 


6.  Uuiied  pearl  workers  12-172,  tax,  aug,  |9.»5; 

d  f,  69.bo;  hup,  $l 820  70 

RubOerworkersl248U,  tax,a,8,$i.lO;af,$l.lU  2  20 

Stable  employes  l^&U,  lax,  aug,  5Co;  d  t,  60c..  1  00 
Stenographers  asso   12880,   tax,   sept,   86c, 

df,  85c 70 

Cloth  and  stock  workers  1U184,  tax,  July, 

$2.40;  d  f,  $2.4u 4  80 

Federal  labor  12417,  sup 6  00 

Federal  labor  12641,  tax,  a,  s,  7Uc;  d  f,  70c; 

sup,  45c 1  85 

Highway  departmeut  employes  12540,  tax, 

sept.  88.50,  d  f,  |8.5u;bup,  60c 7  50 

Federal  labor  82/7,  sup 1  00 

Federal  labor  VHW,  U^,  aug,  75c;  d  f,  75o; 

sup,  50c 2  00 

Central  labor  union,  Kane,  Pa,  sup 10  00 

Machinists  helpers  12664,  tax,    sept,  $2.86; 

d  f,  $2.85;  sup,  6c 6  76 

7.  Monongahela  valley  central  trades  council, 

Charierol,  Pa,  tox,  a,  m,  J,  J .  a,  s 6  09 

Central  lalwr  council,  Carbondale  and  vi- 
cinity. Pa,  tax,  a,  m,J 2  50 

Central  labor  union,  Camden,  N  J,  tax,  m, 

J.J ! 2  50 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12268,  tax,  aug,  _ 

$1;  d  f,  $1 2  op 

Intl  ladles  garment  workers,  tax,  J  a 48  81 

United  bro  of  carpenters  and  Joiners  of  A,  * 

tox,  July r. !  984  CO 

Machinists  helpers  12683,  tox,  aug,  60c;  d  f, 

50c !!:. 1  00 

Federal  labor  7204,  tox,  aug,  6  )c;  d  f.  60c 1  20 

Federal  labor  12448,  tax,  sept.  $1.06;  d  f,  $1.06..  2  10 

Tunnel  miners  ^»6.  tox,  J.  a.  s,  18  80;  d  f,  $3.80  6  60 
Suspender  workers  11294,  tax,  sept,  $1 .70;  df,  . 

$1.70 8  40 

Granite  polishers  and  quarrymen  and  labor- 
ers 10806,  tox,  aug,  $1.85;  d  f,  $1 J6 8  70 

Newspaper  and  mall  deliverers  9463,  tox,  _ 

June.  $46;  d  f,  $45 90  00 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12524,  sup 60 

Coffee,  spice,  and  baking  powder  workers 

ootSTsup..!: .:...^» 18  00 

9.  Horse  nail  makers  0656,  tox,  sept,  $2.60;  d  f ,  _ 

$2.50 6  00 

Newspaper  and  mall   deliverers  9468,  tax,  ^ 

July,$45;  d  f,  $46 90  00 

OH  and  gas  well  workers  11906,  tox,  J,  a,  $9.10;  ^ 

d  f,  19.10 18  20 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12272,  tox, 

J,  a,  $4.25;  d  f,  $4.25 8  50 

Telephone  operators  11496,  tox,  sept.  60o;  d  f, 

60c 1  20 

Icemens  prot  9254,  tox,  J,  a,  s,  $7.50:  d  f.  $7.50  15  00 

FIremens  asso  12270,  tax,  aug,  86;  d  f,  $5 10  00 

Utica  stole  ho'tpltol  employes  11972,  tox, 

aug,  76c;  d  f,  7oc 1  60 

Laborers  prot  88)6,  tax,  sept,  75c;  d  f.  75c 1  50 

Federal  labor  7241,  tox,  July,  $>;  d  f. $2 4  00 

Federal  labor  8060,  tox,  sept,  $4;  d  f,  $4 8  00 

Federal  labor  8243,  tox.  June,  $1.60:  d  f.  $1.50..  8  00 

Federal  labor  8720,  tox,  aug,  80c;  d  f,  80c 1  00 

Federal  labor  9185,  tox,  sept,  $1.20;  d  f,  $1.20..  2  40 
Central  labor  union,  Rockford,  111.  tox,  m, 

J,  J,  a,  s,  o 6  00 

Porcelain  workers  12483,  tox,  June,  40c;  d  f ,  _ 

40c 80 

Labor  council,  San  Francisco,  Cal,  tox,  m,  J,  ^ 

J,  a,  s,  o 6  00 

Union  co  trades  council,  Elizabeth,  N  J, 

tox,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s.  o 6  00 

Labor  council,  Qal  veston,  Tex,  tax,  may,  '07,  _ 

to  and  Inol  apr,  '08. «....  10  00 

Central  fed  of  labor,  Albany,  N  Y,  tax,  m, 

J.J a  w 

Tin  plate  workers  Intl  protassoof  A,  tox, 

a,  m 1*  w 

InU  asso  of  car  workers,  tox,  July,  aug 60  00 

The  granite  cutters  Intl  asso  of  A,  tax,  J,  a,  s  196  00 
Intl  asso  of  fhr  workers  U  8  and  Canada, 

tox,  J,  a. .« 1  M 

Lamplighters,  12464,  sup. .^...  8  60 

Intl  alliance  of  theatrical  stoge  employes, 

sup ;  » 

Arkansas  stole  fed  of  labor,  sup 2  60 

Railway  machinists  helpers  12548,  tax,  bal  ^  _^ 

aug,».76:  d  f.  $8.75;  sup,  $1 8  60 

Intl  bro  of  blacksmithn,  sup ^ 80  00 

Machine  warp  dressers  824,  sup 8  00 

Harold  A  Westall,  Boston,  Mass,  sup 1  00 

Federal  labor  11265,  sup W 

Bottle  cap,  cork  and  stopper  workers  1C876,  ^ 

V«, aug, $12.50;  df.$12.60;  supj$l6 H-rVO^Sl^ 

Railroad  nelpers  and  laborers  12876,  supnl.V^-^Xw^- 


902 


AMERICAN  FEDERATWNIST 


THEOLD  RELIABLE 


^mm^ 


AiwoliiteljrPura 

HAS  HO  SUBSTITUTE 


9.  Scale  workers  prot  7592,  tax,  aug,  99^;  d  f, 

99.66;  sup,  96 

Central  labor  udIod,  WyondotteVMicbi'sap 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12.570,  sup.. 

10.  Intlasso  of  steam  and  bot  water  fitters  and 

helpers  of  A,  tax,  J,  a.  s 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Uoqulam,  Wash, 

tax,  a,  m,J 

Central  labor  union,  Brooklyn,  N  Y.  tax,  a, 

m,j.J.  a,  s 

Machinlsti  helpers  12307,  tax,  sept,  91;  d  f,  91 
Federal  labor  12476.  tax,  aug,  91.85;  d  f,  91.85.. 
Agricultural  workers  1 1897,  tax,  J,  J.  92;  d  f,  92 

Federal  labor  12047.  tax,  aug,  00c;  d  f.  00c 

Federal  labor  12H5,  tax,  aug,  6Cc;  d  f,  OTc 

Federal  Ubor  121i  6,  tax.  aug,  91.65;  d  f.  91.66.. 
Nail  mill  employes  9987,  tax,  sept,  91.86;  d  f. 

91.85 

Rock  drilleisand  tool  sharpeners  12866,  Uz, 

aug,  98.60;  d  f.  93.60 ! , 

Milkers  8H61.  tax.  aug,  97.50;  d  f.  97.50 

CVm  rjii  isihor  union,  Ban  Junn,  Puerto  RJro, 


926  10 

60 

10  00 

84  00 

260 

600 
200 
870 
400 
1  20 
120 
880 

iiiA,  sii,  J  J^  a,  n^ii^  $.5;  sup,  II.HS 


Fet  kftkllJ.  N  Y, 


11. 


dp. ^ ....,...,,. ,,„,. 

(tTDJon  de  DcspallUftdonfts  j  tobaoro  strlp- 

ptm  12&71,s[iij ..._ ^  ^^ 

Laboref*  prot  Vl^li,  tax,  aug,fl5e-"d  t  S5f* 

CemmJ  Ub«r  uoion.  MobUi\  Ala.  tax,  n  m  J 
Central  labor  union,  Waunau,  Wis,  tax,  tn. 

Trad  Mi  And  Ijitmr  rw#*'iiDi,  Pforiii,  liu  tax  o 

rt,  d,  'Oft,  j,  f,  m,  a,  n>,  J .,,,.„: 

fenl.ml  lubortinltin.!i»oPljm.   hul  T,  sup.. 
OntraJ  Iflbuj-uiilon^  MoonvUIi*,  Ind.tax,  h, 

o,  n ,,, ,  . 

OtiulnM  Jabor  union,  Elkharl,   I  net,   lax'' a* 

mj ..., „,,.„,, .^,, 

Trades  HUd  lalMir  aii8«<nii   Oovlngtun.   Ky, 

I**.  m,hh  «*  "*  o * ." "  **.  -  . .. 

Fvdei^l  tabor  10666,  tai,  J .  J,  a.  92  VSj  d  f.  UM 

Federal  labor  iOKlA,  ii4v,  juiy^iai  ci  i,  fi 

Ptnmbar,  mmMi«.  nnd  •owfsr  build* m  09^ 

tax,  U  a»  13.76;  d  f.  t3J6.„..,. ,,.,„. ^„„ 


270 

7  00 
16  00 

im 

600 

1  70 
260 

350 

760 
10  00 

360 

250 

500 
460 
400 

S  60 


11.  Cigar  factory  aud  tobHCOo  stnppers  luse^, 

Ux,  aug,  *5.7o;  d  f,  93.76 |7  X 

Horse  nail  makers  718U,  tax, sepi,  94; d  i.  t-i...  h  ..« 

Cloth  examiners  ana  i*pungerB   litMO,  imx, 

aug,  9i.70;  d  f.  95.70. li  « 

Natl  print  cutters  asso  of  A,  tax,  »ept ;:  i« 

Patternmakers  league  of  M  A,  tax,  J,  a,  a h7  g^ 

Wood,  wire,  and  metallatbeisinii,  lax,  sept        2B» 

Intl  union  of  sieam  engineers,  tax. J, J.  a 2tt  Ss 

Pearl  workers  124tf7,  tax,  aug,  95;  d  i,  lk>:  sup, 

91.50 U  » 

Railroad  helpeis  and  laboiers  12&24,  sop i  is 

Telephone  operators  12672,  sup d  us 

Macnlnlsts  helpers  i2678,  sup k>  •■• 

Ft  deral  labor  1^76,  sup jo  i-i 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  l'J&74.  sup to  00 

12.  Trade  and    labor  council,   Puugbkt^paie, 

N  Y,  tax,  July,  and  aoeiaua l  iS 

United  bro  of  leather   woikers  on    horae 

goods,  tax,  J,  a 4d  uo 

lull  shingle  weavers  union  of  A,  tax,  J,  ■ if  «/ 

Ceramic,  mosaic,  aud  encaustic  iiie  layera 

and  helpers  Inil,  tax,  a,  s zi  ^ 

Am  fed  of  musicians,  tax,  sept. ur  » 

Intl  bro  uf  tip  piluters,  tax,j,  f,  m.  a,  in,  J...  S  ta 

Matl  Am  wire  weavers  proi  asso,  tax,  i,  a,  a..  SI. 

Trades  and  lai»ora6sem.  Con  land,  r^  Y,  tatx, 

a,  m,  J I  m 

Central  labor  union,  Omaha,  Nebr,  tax.  m. 

J.  J - 1 » 

Central  trade  and  lat>or  council,  Rlchmoiid, 

Va,  tax,  m, J.J l  al 

Federal  labor  1U185,  tax,  sag.  r!.70:  d  i.  f /.Tv. .  5  w 

Federal  labor  10279,  tax,  a  tj^%  |*Mu;  ii  I,  fi^^io^  4  S0 

Federal  labor  12274,  tax,  a u ^,  |Ly&;  d  r.  wi.w^.  I  » 

Federal  labor  11687.  tax,  a ,  .^^  |^,£0,  d  i,  la  5u.  7  » 

Federal  labor  8116,  tax,  a,  a,  WliAy,  d  r,  isLijO,   .  6  9 

Federal  labor  126^,  lax,  a,  h,  (3;  d  f,  Sit ..^  €  li 

Federal  labor  11096,  tax,  a  u^^  3  jc,  d  1,  a^- 7f 

Federal  labor  8896,  tax,  an  i^.  65o;  d  r.  ^^ i  71 

Federallabor9866,Ux,  m.J.i.  ft,  |3:df.  «L,  9» 

Federal  laborli686,  tax,  a,  m,|l;ci  f,  fj g  at 

Federal  labor  12867,  tax.  aug,  fl;  d  f,  91 -~  2  lO 

Wire  drawers  12498.  tax,  J.  H,t&:  d  r^  96...  10  <o 

Awnlngmakers  12288,  lax  J  J.  h.  f»:  a  i.  §«  .         12  ou 
Lastmakers  9269,  tax.  J,  a,  *,  |i,^>:  d  /,  |i.%k..  1  4b 

Music  engravers  11819,  tax,  aug,  11.76;  d  f, 

91.76 ISO 

Stave  and  heading  workers  12699,  tax,  a,  a, 

91.20;  d  f,  91.20 2  40 

Hair  spinners  prot  12j47,  tax,  aug,  98.0a;  d  f. 

98.06 9  10 

Well  workers  12462,  tax,  sept,  92.60;  d  f,  $2.60  6  OD 

Qranlte  polishers,  quarry  men,  and  labortra 

10806,  tax.  sept,  tl.86;  d  f.  91  86. 8  70 

Porters  prot  12029.  tax,  J,  J,  93;  d  f,  98 •  » 

Federal  labor  8828,  sup 8  Jl 

Laborers  prut  12442,  tax,  sept,  92;  d  i,  9^ 

sup,  93 7  00 

Laborers  prot  8^49,  tax,  J,  a,s.  95.25;  d  f,  96.23; 

sup,  91 U  50 

Federal  labor  12412,  tax,  oet,  91^;  d  f,  9i.«6; 

sup,  91 8  :9 

18.  Wax  and  plaster  model  makers  11488,  t^x, 

sept,  80c:  d  f,  8tc 1  00 

Federal  labor  12266,  Ux,  July.  91.80:  d  r,9l.bO  8  00 

Federal  labor  11661,  tax,  J.J,  95.60:  d  f,  9^.60...  11  20 

Federal  labor  12662,  Ux,  aug,  9;i.26;  d  f.  98.25..  9  SO 

Federal  labor  1 1862.  ux,  sepi,  %IM ;  d  f.  92.ia.  4  90 

City  fire  mens  prot  1 1974,  Ux,  aug.  96;  d  f,  99..  li  00 

Sewer  diggers  8662.  Ux.  aug,  93;  d  f,  98 «  90 

Artf^lRn  wll  drlML'i  A  and   sevenneiis  1084i, 

titx,  hj'pt,  «J.  U  i,|i -.  tl9 

EiivaLorcfniuiictoni  and  stai l«ra  liMSv.  lax^ 

iiug.15;  d  f, Ma 

LaKtmnUeri  STTl,  tax  J.  J,  a,StfT,4l>;  d  f.  ffT.il  HH 

11  ortte  null  wtf  rk  ere  lU^i^t  ^^  ^ .  ^-%^^  9J ;  d  Ml  I » 

NavT  yard  plc^rkw  and  rimfi^inf'n  1^77^  ug, 

fliiK.t**.efi;d  f,fO,S6... ,... . ^  HH 

Cent  ml  lalx^r  untoa.  HoucadaliF,  |'«^  la^^  ft, 

m.>,  J,  ft^  « **,-.. . *-*,>^.--  i  V 

Cisntml  la.hi>T  uttlun,  t^ouib  Utitalia^  H^ 

UX,  tn,J,J.,. ..,..^_ II 

Tmd«B  and  labor  osism*  iMvaapArt^  f  Atra, 

Ux.  J.  a,  A..,.........,,* ^1 

Haidyirrtttind  hvlp^ntl334' 

df,  fi.90 .  a  I 

BaUt-oad  hflp^rs   and  laitoti,-    *^^^,   ^», 

uiJiE.tlX'i:  df,  |l.»6...,,.         ..    ,..,..„  _K.^  ft 

Hcilirtig  mill  bpiMns  and  |abrifi»f«  lltC.  lax.- 

>,  J.a.|l.06;  df.  11,06...... t  1 

Journv^mi^n  iiton^t^uUatii 

»<.»pt     ,.,..,. „,..> .... 

Actors  naU  pii»t  natoii  of  A.  »^^*«  ^  a  r  Y-in^»^         tt  ^ 
Digitized  by  vIjv^OvIv^ 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


903 


SAMOEL  SWAN,  Prest  W.  D.  LENT,  Vlce-Prest. 

CHAS.  F.  TOWNER,  Sec*Y  and  Treas. 

THt 

David  B.  Crockett  Company 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

riNE  VARNISH  SPECIALTIES 

WEaretheorlft- 
nal  and  only 
makers  I  n  the  world 
of  Genuine  Spar 
Composition,  and 
Nos.  1  and  2  Pre- 
servative. These 
Coods  we  have 
manufactured  al- 
most thirty  years, 
by  a  process  exclu- 

siv  eiy  our  own,  and  after  a  formula  which  Is  an  absolute 
secret  known  only  to  this  company.  As  a  result  we  have  the 
best  materials  ever  used  as  Varnishes.  We  warrant  and  will 
defend  them  a^inst  all  comers. 

OF  LATC  YCAR8.  HOWCVCR. 
others  have  taken  advantage  of  the  popularity  of  our  toods 
to  brlnt  out  numerous  Imitations  which  are  offered  under 
the  same  or  similar  names. 

AroU  Mil  sueh  as  they  an  not  in  th9  smmb  eUna  with  our  Gen- 
oine  Spar  Composition  and  Nos.  1  and  2  Preservative  in  any 
respect— and  in  all  probability  will  crack,  soften,  discolor, 
stick,  peel,  or  otherwise  ruin  interior  or  exterior  finish. 

Please  send  to  us  f reelv  for  Copies  of  our  Architectural 
Hmad-Book,  Sample  Boards,  or  samples  of  our  toods. 

If  local  dealers  can  not  supply  you,  send  direct  to— 

THE   DAVID   B.  CROCKETT  COMPANY, 
Brldc«Port,  Conn.,  U.  8.  A. 

13.  United  batters  of  N  A,  tax.  J.  a.  s $127  60 

Pavlug  cutters  union  of  0  tf  and  Can,  tax, 

aug    9  06 

Intl  union  of  flour  and  cereal  mill  employes, 

lax,  a.  B ; 8  80 

Inti  typographical  union,  tax,  J,  a 426  68 

Unitea  mine  workers  of  A,  tax,  j,  a 2,206  68 

Tobacco  workers  Intl  union,  tax,  m,  J,  J, 

a,  M 116  86 

Cemetery  employes  10634,  tax,  sept,  60.60; 

d  f.  16.60;  sup.  tl26. 16  26 

Dairy  worktrs  12629,  tax,  aug,  96c;  d  f,  96o; 

sup,60o »....  2  40 

Oil  Hiid  gas  well  workers  12107,  tax,  aug,  $6; 

d  f.  $6;  sup,  $1 18  00 

Federal  labor  12668,  sup 2  00 

Stoneware  workers  6888,  tax,  sept,  $6.60;  d  f, 

$8.60;  sup,  76c 11  76 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12308,  tax, 

aug.  $1.85;  d  f,  $1.36;  sup,  8t'c 8  20 

Mineral  water  bottlers  11317,  sup 16  00 

14.  Plauermens  prot  10805,  tax,  sept,  $1;  d  f,  $1..  2  00 
Stone  derrick  men  prot  6721,  tax,  July,  $2.60; 

d  f.  $2.60 6  00 

Tin,  steel,  iron,  and  granite  ware  workers, 

1'  918,  sup... 60 

Newsboys  prot  union   10414,  tax,  aug,  $1; 

d  f,  $1 ! 2  00 

Sail  and  tent  workers  12289,  tax,  aug.  $1.06; 

d  f,  $1.06. , 2  10 

Mil) mens  prot  10297,  tax,  sept,  16;  d  f.  96 12  00 

Horse  nail  makers  p  and  b  union  6170,  tax, 

aug.  $6;  d  f,  $6 12  00 

Alacnine  chain  assemblers  126  7,  tax,  sept, 

$3;  d  f,  $8 6  00 

Steel   and   copper  plat^  engravers  league 

12611,  tax,  aug,  $4.45;  d  f,  $4.46 8  90 

Newsboys  pro!  9077,  tax,  J,  J.  a,  s 14  60 

Federal  labor  12444,  tax,  aug,  $5;  d  f,  $6 10  00 

Federal  labor  12396.  Ihx.  oct,  $1.16;  d  f.  $1.16..  2  80 

Federal  labor  12416,  tax,  aug,  80c;  d  f.  80c 1  60 

Federal  labor  12816,  tax,  aug,  $1.85;  d  f,  $1.86..  8  70 

Federal  labor  9993,  tax,  sept,  $6;  d  f,  $6 10  00 

Bailroad  helpers  and  laborers   12536,  tax, 

sept,  $2.25;  d  f,  $2.25 4  60 

Dmln  layers  and  helpers  12584,  tax,  oct, $4.50; 

d  f,  $4.50 9  00 


NOT    GOOD ! 


Because  "Bottled  in  Bond,"  as  the 
U.  S.  Stamp  guarantees  Proof,  Age 
and  Quantity  only.  We  guaran- 
tee the  Quality  of 


Old  Charter 


Whiske?' 

THEREFORE  IT  IS  O.  K. 

WRIGHT  iSL  TAYLOR 

Reg.  Dist'y  No.  266 


14.  Federation  of  trades,  Atlanta,  Qa,  tax,  mj, 

J,  a,  s,  o.  n,  d,  »o7.  J,  '08 $7  60 

N  Y  transfer  cos  employ<  s  prot  11824,  tax, 

sept,  $1.26;  d  f,  $1.26 2  50 

Federal  labor  12509,  tax.  aug.  $5;  d  r,  $6 10  00 

Central  latK>r  union.  Auburn,  N  Y,  tax,  m, 

J  J • 2  fiO 

Centra!  labor  union,  Beatrice,  Neb.  tax,  Jan', 

to  and  incl  dec.  *07 10  00 

Federal  labor  12676,  sup 10  00 

Central  trades  council.  Bay  City,  Mich,  tax, 

a,  m,  J. 2  60 

8tave  pilers  and  helpers  12801,  tax,  aug,  $1.60; 

d  f,$1.60 8  00 

Lobster  flsb  ermens  natl  prot  asso,  tax,  J .  j ,  a  9  00 
Amal  society  ofcarpenters  and  Joiners,  tax, 

J,  a,  s 97  60 

United  cloth  hat  and  cap  makers  of  N  A, 

tax,  June 12  10 

Intl  union  of  slate  workers,  tax,  aug 16  00 

Amal  lace  curtain  operatives  of  A.  tax.  J,  a  7  80 
Federal  labor  11990,  tax,  aug,  $1;  d  f,  $1;  sup, 

$1.50. 8  60 

Typ«)graphical  union  41,  Augusta,  Qa,  sup  40 

Intl  bro  of  foundry  employes,  tax,  J,  a,  s, 

$16.50;  sup, $3.10 19  60 

Federal  lal>or  11624.  sup 2  00 

Central  labor  union,  lola,  Kanp,  sup 60 

Water  workers  employes  12306.  tax,  sept, 

$4.05:  d  f.  $4  05;  sup,  $1 ...  9  10 

16.  Soda  and  mineral  water  bottlers  and  work- 
ers 8M4,  tax,  July.  $4.65:  d  f,  $4.65 9  80 

Union  de  albanile8(  bricklayers)  12577,  sup...        10  CO 

Central  labor  union.  Ft  Rcott.  Kan^  sup 6  00 

Sewer  workers  9588,  tax,  j,  J.  a.  $5  26;  d  f , 

•6  25. 10  60 

Pole  raisers  and  elec  assistants  12491,  tax, 

sept,  $8;  d  f,$3 6  00 

Sewer  inspectors  12881,  tax,  sept,  $1.90;  d  f. 

$1.90 ! ..!. :  8  80 

Stable  workers  10018.  Ux,  a.  s.  $6;  d  f,  $6 12  00 

HorMe  nail  makers  10650.  tax.  J.  j,  a,  $1.80;  d  f, 

$1.80 .......;  8  60 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  11988,  tax, 

sept,  $2  16;  d  f.$2.l5 4  30 

Hat  trimmers  11594.  fax.  aug,  $1.66:  d  f,  $1.65  3  80 

Saw  fliers  12il9,  tax,  aug,  $1.75;  d  f,  H.75.-,00$$C 


904 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


M 

cC  R  E  E  R  Y 

AND 

COMPANY 

D  R 

Y    GOODS 

Wood  Street  at  Sixth  Avenue 

Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

INDEPENDENT  SALT  CO.  iZ^x^^^ 

Borough  of  BrooRlrn,  Citx  of  New  YorR 


549  to  559 

Smith  Street,  Brooklyn 

Telephone  Call,  640  Hamilton 


WAREHOUSES: 


332  East  103d  Street 

Manhattan  Market 

Telephone  CalU  1 1 3&-79tli  St 


16.  Sewer  and  tunnel  workers  7810,  tax,  aug,  t8; 

d<,$8 .....^... 

Park  employes  prot  12041,  tax,  J,  J,  a,  iS; 

df.W — 

Bfacnlnisti  helpers  12830,  tax,  sept,  18.60;  d  f, 

13.60 

CUy  workers  12461.  tax,  aug,  11.60;  d  t,  $1.60.. 
Printers  roller  makers  106S8,  tax,  sept,  $1.26; 

df,$l.25. «.. 

Fibre  pressmen  9681,  tax,  sept,  $1.76;  d  f.|1.76 
Street,  sewer,  and  general  excavators  11608, 

tax,  J,  a,  s. 17.60;  d  f.  r.60 «....- 

Machinists  helpers  1&28,  tax,  aug,  60c;  d  f, 

60c 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Livingston,  Mont, 

tox,  m,JJ  : 

United  neckwear  cutters  6069,  tax,  July, 68.75; 

df,68  76 

Laborers  prot  123fi6,  ta:t,  aug,  83;  d  f,  tS.. ...... 

Lastmakers  11929,  Ui.  J  J,  tzt.60;  d  h  13.50... 
Federal  labor  12490,  tbiE,  liug.  T5o:  d  r,  75c.  . 
Federal  labor  8806,  tax ^  aug.  H.75:  d  f,  84.75.  . 
Federal  labor  12222,  t«^x,  ^ept ,  %\%\  d  r,  tia.. . . 

Federal  labor  1;2396,  Uix,  Kipi,  t^i  &U^  ...  , 
Federal  labor  8620, tax.  !tf*pML8Ch  d  t,%\m.. 
Federal  labor  11891,  Un.  HUK,f3..56:  ci  f,  83.50. 
Federal  labor  10621,  ti  h.  $»; 

d  f,  88 

Federal  labor  12622,  tax,  aug,  81.70;  d  f,  81.70 

Federal  labor  12876,  tax,  aug,  85;  d  f,  85 

Federal  labor  11722,  tax,  aug,  84.2U;  d  f,  84.20 

Federal  labor  9025,  tax,  aug,  75c;  d  f,  76c 

Federal  labor  12321,  Ux,  aug,  80c;  d  f,  80c 

Federal  labor  12898,  Ux,  sept,  81.60;  d  f,  81.60 
Central  labor  union,  Montpeller,  Vt,  tax,  a. 


m,J.J,a.s... 
Central  labor 


J»! 


union,  Owensboro,  Ky,  tax. 


Trades  and  labor  assem,  Sioux  City,  Iowa, 

tax,  J. J.  a 

Central  labor  union,  Plttston,  Pa,tax,m,J,J 
Central   labor   union,  Madison,    Me,   tax, 

m,J,  J 

Federated  trades  council,  Milwaukee,  Wis, 

.     tax,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s.  o 

Central  labor  union,  Springfield,  Mass,  tax, 

m,  a,  ih 

New  Hampshire  fed  of  labor,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J, 

a,s 

Coopers  intl  union,  tax,  aug 

Intl  alliance  of  theatrical  stage  employes, 

tax,  J,  a,  s,  o. 

Tobacco  strippers  10422,  tp^   ««*>♦   •8.60;  d  f, 

88.60;  sup,  50c 


816  00 

600 

7  CO 
300 

260 
860 

16  00 

1  00 

260 

760 
600 
700 
1  60 
960 
86  00 
400 
260 
700 

6(0 
840 
10  00 
840 
160 
160 
820 

500 

260 

260 
260 

260 

600 

260 

600 
26  80 

120  00 

760 


16.  Central  labor  union,  Somerset,  Ky,  sup 

Fur  hat  feeders  and  weighers  12200,  tax, aug, 

81.76;  d  f.  81.76:  sup,  86c — 

Hat  and  cap  leatner  sweat  band  cutters 
11807,  tax,  sept,  81.26;  d  f,  81.26:  sup,  81 

Porters  prot  12144,  tax,  aug,  88.60;  d  f,  88.60; 
sup,  82. — 

Waste  handlers  8064.sup ^.^ 

Moccasin  workers  18484,  tax,  j,  J,  82J0;  d  f, 
82JK);  sup,  60c 

Ropemen  helpers  and  surfacemen  and  fed- 
eral 12802,  tax,  aug,  86;  d  f,  86;  sap,  81 . 

Federal  labor  12660,  sup 

Intl  printing  pressmen  and  assistants 
union  of  M  A,  literature 

17.  Federal  labor  12668,  tax,  sept,  82.60;  d  f,  82.60; 

sup,  81.66 

Federal  labor  12517,  tax,  J,  a,  81.60;  d  f,  8L60; 

sup,  68c 

Suspender  workers  11006,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  81.90; 

d  f,  81.20. ^ ..,. 

Emmett  asso  of  rock  d  rillers  and  tool  sharp- 
eners 11806,  sup ^ 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  12010,  tax,  aug, 

88.60;  df.  83.60;  sup,60o ^... 

Telephone  operators  10706,  tax,  sept,   70c; 

d  f,  70c:  sup,  25c 

Federal  labor  0644,  Ux,  sept,  56o;  d  f,  65c 

Well  drivers  12528,  Ux,  aug,  81.60;  d  f,  81.6P... 
Railroad   helpers  and  laborers  12200,  tax, 

aug.  60c;  d  f,  50c. 


»UK,  WW.     U   >,    WW....... 

Machinists  helpers  12804,  Ux,    aug,    81.76; 

d  f,  81.76 .!T. .TT .:.L« 

Municipal  water  pipe  layers  12867,  tax,  aug, 

82.50;  d  f,  82.60 — 

City  flremens  prot  asso  11481,  tax,  sept,  818.70; 

d  f,  818.70 

Hair  spinners  12868,  Ux,  aug,  40c;  d  f,  40c — 
Railroad  transfer  messengers    and  clerks 

11680,  Ux,  sept,  81.20;  d  r,81.80 

Jewelry  and   silverware  case  makers  10448, 

Ux,  ausr,  r.50;  d  f,  87.60 

Machinists  helpers  12408,  tax,  a,  s,  84  80;  d  f, 

84  80'.. 
Grain  workere  IMWi  Ux.'sepT^^  8126 

Locomotive  hostlers  and  helpers  11804,  tax, 

aug,  83.70;  d  f,  88.70 

Telephone  operators  12402,  Ux.  aug,  06c;  d  f, 

06c 

Bridge  tenders  12888,  tax,  sept,  88;  d  f,  88. 

Federal  labor  8786,  Ux.  J,  a,  s,  $1.60:  d  f,  81.60. 

Federal  labor  12002,  Ux,  aug,  60c;  d  f,  60c 

Trades  assem,    Schenectady,  N   T,  tax,  a, 

"""' -^ea-b-y^oesie" 


8110 

in 

8f0 

900 
100 

610 

1100 
160 

IS 

651 

878 

240 

600 

700 

165 
1  10 
820 

100 

850 

500 

27  40 
80 

240 

15  00 

960 
800 

740 

190 
600 
800 
120 

250 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


90S 


SMOKE,,, 

J.  G.  Dili's  Best  Cut  Plug' 

RICHMOND,  VA. 


18.  Federated  trades  and  labor  council,  8an 
Diego.  Cai«  tax,  a,  m,  J 

Federated  trades  and  labor  council,  Mon- 
treal. Can,  tax,  in,  J,  J 

Central  labor  union,  KnoxvlUe,  Tenn,  tax, 

Feiienil  labor  88 iSrtax*,  sepuii/S;  d'f,  ti/io'.*. 

Federal  labor  1238i,  tax,  aug.  85c;  d  f,  8dc 

Federal  labor  8281,  tax.  sept,  $1.60;  d  f,|i.50.. 
Federal  labor  876»,tax,  aug.  tl.06:  d  f,  91.06.. 

Federal  labor  74i6,  tax.  sepi,  bOc;  d  f,  6uc 

Federal  labor  7296,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  tloO;  d  f,  $1.60 

Riggers  prot  l(>298  tax,  aug,  12;  d  f ,  §2 

Liaborers  prot  126U6,  tax,  aug.  11.26;  d  f.  $1.25.. 
Hat  block  makers  and   helpers  i20tf9,  tax, 

aug.  65c;  d  f,  aSc 

loemens  prot  12288,  tax,  aug,  92;  d  f,  1^ 

Spring  and  pookei  knife  makers  12229,  tax, 

aug,  $5.50;  df.«5.60 

Car,  wheel,  molders  and  helpers  11669,  tax, 

a,  8,  S5:  d  f,  •5. 

Oas  workers  12S69.  tax,  J,  a,  s,  S6;  d  f,  «6 

Paper  bag  workers  11757,  tax,  sept,  65c;  d  f, 

66o 

Mosaic  workers  8145,  tax,  J,  a.  s,  «6;  d  f,  |5... 
Oil  and  gas  well  workers  12009,  tax,  o,  n,  d, 

$15;  d  U 116 

Cigarmakers  iiitl  of  A,  tax,  1,  a 

Intl  printing,  pressmen  and  assistants  of 

N  A,  tax,  a,  m,  J,J,  a,  s 

Intl  glove  workers  union  of  A,  tax,  sept 

Gasmakers  12579,  sup 

Fedfrnl  labor  12578,  sup 

Tobacco  strippers  9608,  sup 

Intl  asso  bridge  and  structural  iron  work- 

FeS^etl\f&hor  i^'il'vaj^^^^ 

sap,  40c 

Federal  labor  12817,  tax,  aug,  12;  d  f,  t2;  sup, 

$1 

Aluminum  workers  8261,  tax,  sept,  $14;  d  f, 

$14:  sup,  $1 ,  

Intl  bro  paper  makers  literature 

19.  Intl  bro  of  woodsmen  and  sawmill  work- 
ers, tax.  J,  J,  a 

Federal  labor  11478,  tax,  sept,  $2.50;  d  f,  $2.60 
Federal  labor  12426,  tax,  J.  J,  a,  $8.40;  d  f, 

$8.40 

Machinlsta  belpers  and  laborers  12288,  tax, 

aug.  $2.95;  d  fT $2.95;  sup.  26c 

Intl   Journeymen  horseshoers  union,  tax, 

a,  m,j,J,  a,s. 

Joarneymen  tailors  union  of  A,  tax,  a,  s 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Lowell,  Mass,  tax, 

m,  J,J 

Federal  labor  10689,  tax.  aug,  $2.45;  d  f.  $2.45 
Federal  labor  10190,  tax,  sept.  $5.50;  d  f,  $5.60 
Federal  labor  11006.  tax,  sept,  $1.25;  d  f.  $1.25 
Federal  labor  7479.  tax,  aug,  $2.25:  d  f,  $2.25.. 
Federal  labor  11426,  tax,  a.  s.  $2  50;  d  f.  $2.60 
Federal  labor  11648.  tax,  sept,  $1.20;  d  f.  $1.20 

Federal  labor  12358.  tax.  J,  J,  a.  $5;  d  f,  $5 

Bottle  sorters  and  handlers  11759.  tax,  sept, 

90c;  d  f,  90c. 

Linemen  helpers  12076,  tax,  J.  J,  a,  $1.40;  d  f, 

$1.40 

Newspaper  carriers  12062,  tax,  aug,  $2  70:  d  f, 

$2  7rt. 

Granite  workers  9289,  tax,  sept,  $1.60;  d  f, 

$1.60 

Gas  workers  10678,  tax,  a,  s,  $10;  d  f,  $10 

Oas  workers  10086,  sup 

Boalemens  prot  11408,  sup 

Icemens  prot  12463,  tax,  sept,  80c;  d  f,  80c; 

sup,  $2.76 

Highway  dept  employes  12540.  sup 


2  50 

2  40 

70 

800 

2  10 

1  00 

800 

400 

250 

180 

4  00 

1100 

10  00 

12  00 

180 

10  00 

80  00 

40196 

499  66 

4  40 

10  00 

10  00 

10  00 

Federal  labor  7087.  sup... 
*    a,  W 
a.  m,  J 


20.  Central  labor  union. 


ilmlngton,  Del,  tax, 
Fedeiariabor  11414,  tax.sept,*  Wc;' d'f^'osc 


20.  Central  labor    union,  Portland,   Me.   tax, 

$2  6o  ra,  J,  J $2  60 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Pocatello,  Idaho, 

2  60  tax,  a,m,J 2  60 

Federal  labor  12018,  tax,  sept,  $i.75;  d  f,  ri.76         6  50 

Federal  labor  8189,  tax,  aug,  $8;  d  f,  $8 6  00 

Federal  labor  12899,  tax,  aug,  $i ;  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Federal  labor  7U10,  tax,  J,  J,  a,  $1.50;  d  f,  $1.50         8  00 
Interlocking  switch  and  slgnalmens  11786, 

tax,  aug,  $3:  d  f,  $8 6  00 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Beckemeyer,  III, 

sup 10  00 

Bed  spring  makers   prot  12108,  tax,  sept, 

$8.75;  d  f,  $i.7b 7  60 

Laborers  prot  9512,  tax,  J,  a,  $1.80;  d  f,  $1.80...  8  60 

Btablemen  and  grooms  12015,  tax,  July,  $10; 

d  f,$10 20  00 

Laborers  prot  12485,  ta;c,  aug,  $1.35;  d  f,  $1.85  2  70 

Laborers  prot  110U2,  tax,  J,  a,  $1;  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Metal  polishers,  buffers,  etc,  of  N  A,  tax,  J,  a       100  00 
Bro  of  painters,  decorators  and  paperhang- 

ers  of  A,  tax,  aug.... 812  74 

United  powder  and  high  explosive  workers 

of  A,  tax,  J,  a,  s  ..« 7  68 

Telephone  operators  12562,  sup 1  26 

Photographic  employes  12028  sup 60 

Stoneware  potters  8802,  tax  J,  a,  p,  $5.10;  d,  f, 

$5.10;  sup,  *&c 10  46 

Machinists  helpers  12353,  tax.  sept,  60o,  df, 

60c;  sup,  67c 1  87 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12568,  sup 6  00 

.  Central  labor  union,  Terra  Haute,  Ind,  tax, 

J,  J. a 2  50 

Central  labor  union,  Wichita,  Kans,  tax,  m, 

J,J,a,  s.o 6  00 

28  40  Central  labor  union,  Mllford^  Mass,  lax,  J,  J, 

a,  s,  o,  n 6  00 

8  40  Federal  labor  12878,  tax,  a.  s,  $1.40;  d  f.$1.40         2  80 

Federal  labor  12080,  tax,  aug,  $i  10;  d  f,  $1.10  2  20 
5  00  Federal  labor  11811,  tax,  aug,  $1.65;  d  f,  $1.66         8  80 

Federal  labor  7241,  tex,  sept,  7dc;  d  f,  75c 1  50 

29  00  Federal  labor  9626,  tax,  sept.  $3.60;  d  f,  $8.50  7  00 
20             Hair  spinners  10899,  tax,  sept,  $l.7&  d,  f,  $1  76  8  60 

Flat  Janitors  12512,  tax,  not,  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.60...  8  00 

18  25  Tin.  steel,  iron  and  granite  ware  workers 

5  CO  10948,  tax,  sept,  $6.60:  d  f,  $6.50 18  00 

Street  cleaning  employes  12474,  tax,  sept, 

16  80  $5.50;  d  f.$d.60 .;...         11  00 

Assorters  and  packers  8816,  tax,  sept,  $5.60; 

6  16  d  f,$5.60 11  00 

Park  employee  prot  asso  11820,  tax,  aug.  $1  46; 

148  26  d  f,  $1.46 2  90 

166  60  Amal  wood  workers  intl  union  of  A,  tax,  J, 

a,  s  75  00 

2  60  Interior  freight  handlers  and  warehouse- 

4  90  mens  intl  union,  tax.J,  a,  s 119  00 

11  00             Amal  meat  cutters  and  butcher  workmen 
2  60  of  N  A,  tax,  J,  a 60  00 

4  50  Intl  bro  of  maintenance  of  way  employes, 

5  00  tax,J, J,  a 287  60 

2  40  Intl  longsnoremen  asso,  tax,  J,  a,  s 450  00 

10  00  Machinists  helpers  12845.  tax,  sept,  $2;  d  f, 

$2;sop.26c 4  S5 

1  80  8uspeni*»rmakers  10342.  sup 1  00 

Federal  labor 6925,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $2.70;  d  f,  $2.70; 

2  40  sup  50c 6  90 

Federal  labor  I0307.sup 26 

5  40  Newsboys  prot  12580,  sup 5  00 

28i  Laborers  prot  12254,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $11.50;  d  f, 

8  00  $11.50 23  00 

20  00  Pipe  caulkem  and  repairers  prot  1146*.  tax, 

86  sept,  $3  80.  d  f,  $8  80 7  60 

60  Badge  and  lodge  paraphernalia  makers9136, 

tax,  sept.  50c;  d  f,  50c l  00 

4  35  Telephone  operators  12409,  tax,  aug,  50c;  d  t, 

50  50c 1  00 

5  00  Gas  workers  11A38.  tax.  aug,  $1.10;  d  f,  $1.10...  2  20 

Bootblacks  prot  11628.  tax,  aug.  95c:  d  f.  95c...  I  90 

2  60             Soda  and  mineral  water  bottlers  lOSaa,  tax, 
I  90  «>pt.  ♦..78;  d  f.  $1.76 „g(,izetfby\^0Ogle 


906 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


THE 


COOKS 


BAKING 
POWD£R 

Made  perfect  by  over  forty  years*  experience  in  its 
manufacture.  Guaranteed  under  Food  and  Drugs  Act 
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package.  Try  it  and  be  convinced  of  its  superiority 
over  other  brands  in  baking  qualities  and  health- 
fulness.  You  can  always  have  the  best  if  you  insist 
upon  it. 

MANUFACTURED  BY 

banni:r  baking  powder  co. 

PITTSBt7R.G»  PA. 


28.  Horse  nail  makers  8668,  tox,  J,  a,  s,  12.70;  d  f, 

$2.70..... ^ ^ 

Dock  but  Id  era  lUm,  tai,  aug,  tJ&^  d  f*  tl5 

Bail  and  teol  inafierts  122^,  tax,  aept,  4L06; 

d  f,  $1.06 »» ,....- 

Federal  labor »esO,  tax.aug,  Ul  d  tU 

Federal  labor  L232ti,  tax,  s^pt^  ^K^  ML... 

Federal  latK:rr  ^V7.  lax,  aept.  nM\  d  f,  $3,50 

Federal  tabor  1  ml  t^x.  ^epi  $2;  d  f,  m 

Federal  labur  ^7(H.  lax.  J,  a,  »,  12.50;  d  f.  $2.50 
Federal  Uibor  ^'-si,  tax,  aug,  11.50;  d  /.  11.60... 
Federal  Inbor^a^t,  tax,  ^iopt.  II  ftU;  d  f,  tl.BO.  . 

Federal  labor  SL52,  uv%,U  a,  ^,  ««;  d  f,  la 

Highwajr  laborers  proi  12324,  w:^,  sepl,  13; 

<ft,$2. 

Machinists  helpers  and  laborers  12298,  tax, 

sept,  $2.40;  d  f  $2.40 

Central  trades  and  labor  coancil,  Jackson- 
ville, Fla,  tax,  July,  'C6.  to  and  Ind  J  one,  W 
Central  labor  union,  Bkowheiran.  He,  tax, 

J,  f,  m,a,ni.J 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Charleston,  8  C, 

tax,  m.  J,  J 

Intl  brick,  tile,  and  terracotta  workers,  tax, 

a.  m,  J,  J,  a,  s 

Badse.  banner,  regalia  makers  12249,  tax, 

oct  66c;  d  f,  660;  sup.  $5 

Bnspendermakers  9660,  sap 

Federal  labor  11821,  tax.  aug,  $10.16;  d  f,  $10.15; 

sap,60c 

Bootblack  prot  10175,  tax,  aog,  $2.90;  d  f,  $8.90; 

sup,  60c ~.. 

Central  trades  council,  De  Land,  Fla,  sap.... 

Rubber  workers  1248,  sup 

Central  trades  coondl,  Mohlenberg  co,  Ky, 


sap.. 


24.  Horse  nail  workers  7180,  sap 

King  CO  labor  coancil,  Uanford,  Cal,  tax, 
J,  a,  8 

Exhibition  at  A  F  of  L  exhibit,  Jamestown 
exposition,  on  account  pro  rata  of  ex- 
penses  

Intl  assoof  far  workers  of  U  S  and  Can,  tax, 
sept 

Central  labor  coancil,  Astoria,  Oreg,  tax,  J, 
a,s,  o,  n.  d 

Central  labor  union,  Mahanoy  City  Pa,  tax, 
m.J.J 

Central  labor  anion.  Ponce,  P  B,  tax,  ro,  a, 

F5eral*la*bo'rSsS!*tox'*8ept^^ 

(Union  Obrera  federada)  federal  labor  11958, 

tox.  aug.  $11.50;  d  f,  $11.60 

Federal  labor  6096,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $1.06:  d  f,  $1.06 

Federal  labor  12600,  tax,  sept,  $10;  d  f.  $10 

Tobacco  strippers  12489,  tax,  aug,  $1.65;  d  f, 

$1.66 

Bteel  and  copper  plate  cleaners  8810,  tax, 

sept,  40c*  df  40c 

Cooks  an(f  waiters  lOOOS^taxV  sept,  $8.70;  d  f, 

$8.70 

Qas  workers  9640,  tax,  sept,  $14.76;  d  f,  $14.75 
Machine   moving  picture  operators  12370, 

tax,  a,  8,  $2.85;  d.  f;  $2.86 

Porters  11652,  tax,  J,  a,  8,$4.50;  d  f.  $1^ 

Tack  pointers  10»84,  tax,  8ept,  $8.15;  d  f,$8.15 
Mineral  water  bottlers  11817.  tax,  sept,  $8; 

df,$8 

Central    labor  "'  in,  tax, 

a.  m,i 
Fe 


$6  40 

80  00 

2  10 
800 
200 
600 
400 
500 
800 
800 
12  00 

400 

480 

10  00 

600 

260 

184  10 

6  10 
16  00 

20  80 

$80 

126 

60 

10  00 
10  00 

260 


1,200  00 

240 

500 

250 

500 
760 

28  00 
2  in 
20  00 

380 


17  40 
29  60 

4  70 
900 
680 

600 

260 
200 


Liberal  Offer 

to  Kidney 

Sufferers. 


If  you  suffer  from  unpleasant  de- 
sife  to  urinate  frequently,  especially 
at  night;  pain  in  the  small  of  the 
back;-  pain  in  making  water;  a  sedi- 
ment at  the  bottom  of  nrine  which 
has  stood  twenty-fotir  hoars;  urine 
that  stains  linen;  or  constipation  of 
the  bowels,  send  yonr  name  and  ad- 
dress to  Dr.  David  Kennedy's  Sons, 
Rondout,  N.  Y.,  and  a  sample  bottle 
of  Dr.  David  Kennedy's  Favorite 
Remedy,  the  great  Kidney  and  liver 
Medicine,  will  be  mailed  free,  to- 
gether with  full  directions  for  ito  nse 
and  a  complete  medical  treatise  on 
the  causes,  symptoms  and  treatment 
of     all    Kidney  .  and    Liver    ailments. 


24.  Baspender  workers  11096,  sap $6  00 

Federal  labor  10128,  sap 10  00 

Central  labor  union,  Derby,  Conn.  sap.........  60 

Womens  prot  12661,  tax,  ang,  $1;  d  f,  fl; 

sup,  $2 4  $0 

Federal  labor  11879,  tax,  sept,  60c;  d  f,  60c; 

sap,  40c J  jg 

Aluminam  workers  8201,  sap 1  00 

Bricklayers  10062.  tox,  aag,  $5;  d  f ,  $6;  snp,  60c        10  66 

Intl  anion  of  steam  engineers  20,  sup —  76 

26.  The  intl  bro  of  composition  roofers,  damp 

and  waterproof  workers  of  U  B  and  Can, 

tox,  J .  a,  s "'        16  00 

United  garment  workers  of  A,  tox,  J,  J M6  81 

Amal  gla^  s  workers  intl  asso,  tax.  J,  a.  s...  94  09 
Laborers  prot  8079.  tox.  July,  $6.60;  d  f,  $6/iO  U  00 
Central  trades  and  labor  assem,  the  Bel- 
mont CO,  Ohio,  tox,  j,  a.  s,  o,  n.  d 6  00 

Federated  trades  coancil,  Reading,  Pa,  tox. 

J,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d,  W,  J,  f;  m.  a.  m,  f.  J. »,  W..  IS  50 
Central  trades  and  labor  anion,  Bt  Augus- 
tine, Fla,  tox,  J,  f,  m,a,  m,  j 6  00 

Central  labor  council,  Balamanca,  M  T.  tox, 

bal  m,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s 6  84 

Central  labor  coancil,  Homell,  N  Y,  tox, 

dec'06,  to  and  incl  nov,  »07 10  00 

'  The  central  labor  coancil,  Los  Angeles,  Cal, 

tox,  m,  J.  J 2  60 

Federal  labor  9465.  tox,  a,  s,  $4.50:  d  f.  $4  50...  9  00 

Federal  labor  10746,  tox,  a,  s.  r/.50;  d  f.  $2.50..  6  00 

Federal  labor  10486.  tax, sept,  6rc;  d  f,  OOc  ....  1  80 

Federal  labor  6854,  tox,  aug.  $1.20;  d  C.  $1.20...  8  40 

Amer  society  of  plate  engravers  9G08,  tox, 

sept,  95c;  d  f,  96c .-.  1 10 

Button   workers   prot  12404.   tox,  aag.  $5; 

d  f.  $5 .„ 10  00 

Cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  8156,  tax,  a, 

8,  $60.70;  d  f,  $60.70 .^T 121  40 

Water  pipe  caulkers  108PO,  tax,  o,  n,  d,  $1.60; 

d  f,  $1.5<r .......^ 8  00 

Rockmen  and  excavators  12188,  tox,  aag,  $10; 

d  f,  $10 77. .-.  ^. 20  60 

Hospital  nurses  and  employes  10607,  tax,  j« 

f,  m,  a,  m,  r.45;  d  f,  r.46 14  10 

Gas  workers  12461  ,^j^g,^  $12;  d  f,  $12 84  00 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


907 


PATENTSi 


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25.  Railway  macblnlBts  helpers  12648,  tax, aept, 

$17.60:  d  f,  $17.60;  sup,  $1 $86  00 

Federal  labor  12264,  sup 2  26 

Wm  A  Rlohardaon,  New  Brighton,  Pa,  aap..  00 

Central  labor  council,  Los  Angeles,  Cal,.sup  60 
Furniture  packers  prot  10609,  tax, sept, $1.80; 

d  f,  $1.80;  sup.  60c 8  10 

Frank  W.  Hnyder,  Charleston,  W  Va,  sup...  1  00 

Laborers  prot  12266,  sup 6  00 

Federal  labor  1261^  Ux,  aug,  $1.76;  d  f,  $1.76..  8  60 

Federal  labor  12678,  sup 2  00 

26.  United  house  shorers,  movers,  and  sheath 

pUers7417,  tax,  a,  s ,  $26.26;  d  f,  $26.26;  8 

weeks  texUle,  60o;  4  weeks  i  t  u,  80o..... 68  00 

Journeymen  iMrbers  Intl  union  of  A,  tax, 

J,  a,  s 871  62 

Pocket  knife  blade  grinders  and  finishers 

natl  union,  tax,  J,  a,  s....... 6  10 

Telephone  opeiators  12262,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $l.i^ 

d  f;$l.»6. .7?  8  90 

Federal  labor  12866,  tax,  sept,  $1.70:  d.  f,  $1.70  8  40 

Federal  labor  12526,  tax,  sept,  90c;  d,  f,  9Cc 1  80 

Laborers  prot  10296.  tptx,  a,  s,  $6jd.  f,  $6 12  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  assem,  Wat ertown, 

N  Y,  tax,  m,  a,  m _ 8  60 

Trades  and  labor  union.  La  Cross,  Wis,  tax, 

a,  m,  J.  J.  a.  s 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Qulncy,  Mass,  tax,  m, 

1,  j,  a,  s,  o 6  00 

Moccasin  and   moccasin  slipper  workers 

12888,  tax,  sept.  $1.90;  d  f,  $1.90 ^ 8  80 

Utica  state  hospital  em  ploy esasso  11972,  tax, 

sept,76o;  d  f,76o 1  60 

Newsboys  prot  10141,   tax,  aug,  $1.20;  d  f, 

$1^ ., 2  40 

Hospital  employes  asso  10726,  tax,  sept,|BI.96; 

Riggers  protllMiV  tax,  aug*'«5;'d  10  00 
Bmpkeepers  prot  8970,  tax,  s,  o,  n,$2J6;  d  f, 

$8l86 6  70 

Sugar  workers  10619,  tax,  sept,  $]2JS0;  d  f, 

$E60...«.. « 26  CO 

Btaye  and  heading  workers  12689,  sup 1  00 

Federal  labor  1286S,  Ux,  sept,  $1.60;  d  f,  $1.60; 

Bup,76o 8  76 

Federal  labor  U166,  tax,  sept,  $8.66;  d  t,  $8.66; 

sup,  60c 7  80 

Federal  labor  11164,  tax,  sept,  $1;  d  f;  $1;  sup, 

60o 2  60 

Federal  ]aborll687,  sup 6  96 

Federal  labor  11687,  sup........ ..,..«. 2  60 

Laborers  prot  12688,  sup 10  00 

Telephone  operators  12672,  sup 6  00 

27.  Central  labor  union,  Alpena,  Mich,  tax,j, 

a,  s.« 2  60 

Central  labor  anion,  Worcester,  Mass,  tax, 

a,s,o,n,d 4  20 

Tin  plate  workers  intl  prot  asso  of  A,  tax,  j,  J  14  00 
Natl  asso  of  heat,  frost,  general  insulators, 

snd  asbestos  workers  of  A.  tax,  J,  a,  s 6  10 

Hotel  and  restaurant  employes  intl  alliance 

.and  bartenders  intl  league  of  A,  tax,  aug..  196  08 

Intl  bro  of  electrical  workers,  tax,  a,  s 810  00 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  JacksonyfUe,  III, 

tax,  m,  J,  J 2  60 

Cat  nail  makers  prot  7029,  tax,  sept,  $1.06; 

d  f,  $1.06 !..... .1 .  2  10 

Emmett  asso  rock  drillers  and  tool  sbarp- 

^eners  11806,  Ux.  aug,  $26;  d  f.  $26 60  00 

Federal  labor  12102,  Ux.  sept,  $11.60;  d  f,$11.60  28  00 

Federal  labor  9786,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $1.06;  d  f,$1.06  2  10 

Federal  labor  8806,  Ux,  sept,  46c;  d  f,  46c 90 

Federal  labor  1201 1.  Ux,  J,  J,  a,  $1 .60;  d  f,  $1.60  8  00 

Federal  labor  12614,  Ux,  sept.  $2.80;  d  f.  $2.80  6  60 

Federal  Ubor  11969  Ux,  aug,  $2.66:  d  f,  $2.66..  6  80 

Federal  labor  12488,  Ux,  aug,  $1:  d  t,  $1 2  00 

Federal  labor  8087.  Ux,  J.  a,  s,  $0;  d  f.  $9 18  00 

Federal  labor  12879,  Ux,  J,  j.  a,  $1.20;  d  f,  $1  20  2  40 

Federal  labor  10829,  Ux,  sept,  $6.26;  d  f,  $6.25  12  60 

Sutpendermakers  10642,  sup 16  00 

Chair  platters  prot  12642,  Ux,  aug,  $8.75;  d  f. 

•     ,».76;  •ap.60c 8  00 

9.  Iron  molders  union  of  N  A,  Ux,  J,a,  s. 760  00 


28.  The  commercial  telegraphers  union  of  A, 

tax,  J,  a,  Sm M.... 

Federal  labor  11990.  Ux.  sept,  $1;  d  f,  $1 

Bootblacks  prot  11884,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d»... . 
Bro  of  boilermakers  and  iron  ship  builders 

of  A,  tax,  J,  a,  8 •^..«.... 

Intl  bro  of  teamsters,  tax.  J,  a......... 

J  B  Lennon,  treas,  Bloomington,  111,  interest^ 
Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12606,  tax,  J, 

a,  $2.60;  d  f,  12.60 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Savanna,  111,  tax,i 

J,  f,  m,  a;,  m,  J « 

Federal  labor  U286.  sup .....^ B 

Federation  of  labor,  letroit,  Mich,  Ux,  m, 

J,  J,a.  B.  o ^..„...... 

Central  labor  union,  Norwalk,  Ohio,  Ux, 


m,  J,  J,  a.  s,  o,  n.  d,  Hi7,  J,  HJ8... 
Federal  labor  12()60,  tax,  aug,  76e;  d  fl  76c«.. 


Federal  labor  11818,  tax,  a,  s,  o,  $7.60;  d  f, 

$7.60 . 

Federal  labor  12684 ^ 

Federal  labor  11866,  Ux,  sept.  $1.60:  d  f,  $1.60 
Soft  beer  bottlers  and  peddlers  8084,  lax, 

sept,  76c;  d  f,76c 

Quarry  woikers,  intl  union  74,  sup........ 

Machinists  helpers  9718,  Ux,  sept,  $5;  d  f,  $6, 

sup,  $2.60 

Suspender  workers  11294,  sup....... 

Central  labor  union,  Barre,  Vt,  Ux,  m,  j,  j, 

a,s,o «... ,. .. 

Railroad  machinists  ht^kM'r*  12SS5.  tuc^ ,. 

80.  Federal  labor  10128,  tai,  J,  u.  n.  %\:^\  d  M1.25 
Federal  Ubor  8068,  tax  tit,  s.  UM-,  d  r.  |3^.. ,. 

Federal  labor  80(/2,  tax,  &.,  n,  m\  d  f.  $e. 

Federal  labor  66K7,  tax,  ocl,  *t.{;a;  d  f,  ta.3& 

Federal  labor  8688,  Ux  J ,  a.  e,  (7.50;  d  f  ^  17.50, 
Federal  labor  11046,  tax.  j.  ti,  »,  f4  i5;  d  r fi.45 
Federal  labor  1184^,  tii:i,  iiug.  S».£0;  d  r,  n^^  - 
Laborers  prot  9668,  Ux,fef'pt,  $4.50;  d  r,  $4.50... 
Ropemakers  and  hfij'''-  s'";'^'.  *'-^    -^t^ 

ci.86;  d  f,$2.86. :...  J;..; 

Machinists  helpers  and  laborers  12606,  tax,  ■ 

^sept,$4;  d  f,fC \ 

Boot  and  shoe  workers  union,  Ux,  j.  j, a,  s... 
Intl  hodcarriers,  building  laborers  union, 

tax,  J,  J,  a,  s. — ... 

Intl  bro  of  sutionary  firemen,  Ux,  July 

Sallmakers  11776,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s,  $12;  d  f. 

Laborers  protilMt^taxVa^^^ 

Laborers  prot  12280,  tax,  a,  s,  $6;  d  f.  $6..... 

Central  trades  and  Ubor  council,  MoComb, 

Miss,  tax,  m.  J,  J,  a,  s,  o 

Federation  of  labor,  Louisville,  Ky,  tax,  m, 

J,  J,  a.s,o „ 

Scalemens  prot  11408,  tax,  aug,  $1.26;  d  f,$1.26 


$60  00 

200 

84 

fSfei 

402  00 
2,674  42 

600 

i.    200 

600 

760 
160 

16  00 
10  00 
800 

160 
686 

12  60 
48 

600 
10  00 
260 
600 
12  CO 
660 
16  00 
890 
700 
900 

670 

800 
660  66 

224  48 

72  eo 

24  00 
120 
10  00 

600 

6  CO 
260 


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N«w  York  City 

THE  PARK  AVENUE  can  be  reached  for  one  fare  bv  electric 
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Within  easy  access  of  the  great  shopping  district,  tneaties 
and  all  places  of  amusement  and  interest. 

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908 


AMERICAN  FEDERATiONIST 


80.  Central  labor  uoloo,  Westerly,  K  I,  tax  J,  J, 

a,  8,  o,  n : SS  00 

Central  labor  union,  Bridgeport,  Conn,  tax, 

m,  J.  J 2  60 

Guernsey  vallev  trades  and  labor  assem, 

Cambridge,  Ohio,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J.  a,  8 5  00 

Hair  spinners  prot  li853,  tax,  sept,S2.40;  d  f, 

t2.40 4  80 

Cloth  casket  workers  12818,  tax,  s,  o,  n,  t2.I0: 

d  f.  $2.10 «..  4  20 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12272,  tax, 

sept,  $1.86;  d  f,  $1.86 8  70 

Water  dept  workers  6866,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $8;  d  f, 

$8 6  00 

Gas  workers  10036.  tax,  J,  a,  $6;  d  f,  $6 10  00 

Stenographers,    typewriters,    bookkeepers 

and  assis  12456,  tax,  a,  s,  90c;  d  f,  90c 1  80 

Mall  bag,  pouch  makers  and  repairers  10628, 

tax,  sept,  $1;  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Canvassing  agents  and  solicitors  8618,  tax,  J, 

a,$8;df,$3  6  00 

Sewer  cleaners  and  repairers  10886,  tax,  a,  s, 

$10;df,$10    20  00 

Federal  labor  12367.  tax,  sept,  $1;  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Coffee,  spice,  and  baking  powder  workers 

9606,  sup 16  00 

Inti  union  of  Journeymen  horseshoers  of  IT 

8  and  Can,  sup 60  30 

W  R  Trotter,  gen  org  trades  and  labor  con- 
gress, Winnipeg,  Man,  Can,  sup 1  60 

Federal  labor9093,snp 3  00 

Marble,  mosaic  and  terrazza  workers  1(K26S. 

tax,  8,  o,  $2.70;  d  f,$2.70;  sup,  $1  6  40 

Federal  labor  12385,  tax,  aug,  $1.86;  d  f.  $1.86..  S  70 

Federal  labor  10318.  tax,  s,  o,  $1;  d  f,  $1;  sup, 

60c 2  60 

Central  fed  council,  Milwaukee,  Wis,  sup 60 

Union  de  trabajadores  agrlcolas  11827,  sup...  6  00 

Union  obrera  federada  12686,  sup 10  00 

Union  de  trabajadores  agricolas  11827,  tax, 

Oct,  $1.16;  d  f,  $1.15;  sup,6(ic 2  80 

Tobacco  strippers  prot  12.587,  sup 10  00 

Central  labor  union,  Madison,  ind,  sup 10  00 

Union  obrera  central  de  humacao,  Porto 

Rico,  sup 10  00 

Central  labor  union.    Lewiston,  Me,    tax, 

dec,  'C6,  to  and  IncI  nov,  »07 10  00 


80.  Intl  asso  of  machinists,  tax,  sept S30O  Oi 

Amai  asso  of  street  and  electric  railway 

employes  of  A,  tax,  J,  a,  s 4t$  60 

ExhlbitorH  at  A  F  of  L  exhibit,  Jamestown 

exposition,  pro  rata  of  expenses — SIS  41 

Bail  stitchers  12<  71,  tax,  aug,  $1.26;  d  f,  $1.25...  3  90 

Suspender  workers  12282,  tax,  J,  a,  70c;  d  f, 

7('c 1  40 

Bottle,  cap,  cork,  and  stopper  workers  10876, 

tax,  sept,  $10;  d  f,  $10 »  » 

Central  labor,  t^o  Pramingham,  Mass,  sap...  2  50 

Central  trades  and  labor  council,  Jackaon, 

Miss,  sup 6  10 

Frank  Morrison,  secy  (special),  balance  In 

San  Francisco-  fund  transferred    to  the 

general  account  fund ^ 1J9  n 

Small  sup I  • 

Advertisements  Am  Fed 5,00$  VL 

Subscriptions  Am  Fed 21  40 

Premiums  on  bonds «-..       127  "4 

$142,8»0a 

EXPENSES. 
8.  One  month's  rent  lnadvauoe,GeoGSeibold, 

secy fltt  Oi 

Organizing  expenses,  Wm  Moe,  $6;  Frank 
H  McCarthy,  $89.40 9i  40 

Clippings,  Natl  Press  Intl  oo ^ .~.         10  00 

1  proctograph,  G  W  Toad  A,  co 20  00 

Expenses  as  delegate  to  tbeCanadlan  trades 

and  labor  congn  ss,  Robert  S  Maloney 900  OB 

4.  Seals,  J  Baumgarten  A,  Sons 88  66 

6.  Railroad  fare  and  expenses  for  aug,  Saml 

Gompers 188  6S 

1,000  1-c  stamps.  $10;  1.000  2-c  stamps,  $20;  200 
4-c  stamps,  $8;  200  6-c  stamps,  $10;  800  lOc 
stamps,  $80;  100  specials,  $10;  P  O  dtjDt. 88  00 

Organizing  exjpenses,  John  A  Flett.$60;  ET 
Flood.  $50;  T  H  Flynn,  $60:  Hugh  Frayne, 
$50;  M  Grant  Hamilton.  $50;  Jas  Leonard^ 
$50;  J  D  Pierce,  $50;  Herman  Robinson, 
$60:  Henry  M  Walker,  $160;  C  O  Young, 
$106;  A  E  Holder,  $100:  W  C  Hahn.  $60:  JA 
Torrillo,  $88.06;  T  E  Zant,  $80.80;  E  R 
Wrlghi,$100 1,018  85 

Translating,  A  R  Dyer S  S8 

6.  Freight^  Geo  W  Know  Express  co 2  S 

Organizing  expenses.  J  C  Malampy,  $6;  T  H 

ftynn,  &  .     .f...! 66  00 

7.  Organizing  expenses,  J  D  Pierce,  $00;  John 

Fltzpatrick,  fi»:  Olef  J  Hansen.  $14 16$  00 

Contribution  to  Am  Fed,  H  Fehlinger —  2  00 

Organizing  expenses,  Jos  A  Torrillo,  $28.60; 

J  D  Pierce  $26 48  00 

0.  MOO  2  c  stamps,  1,100  l-o  stamps,  P  O  dept..  SS  00 
Expenses   Jamestown  exposition,  James- 
town Official  Photograph  corp 1»  80 

Expenses  Jamestown  exposition,  FE  Gran  2  00 
Expeiisen    Jamestown    exposition.    Smith 

Prorpier  T  W  co 6  00 


USE 

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magic. 

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».  B.  Kitcbel 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


909 


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Masonic  Temple,  Chicago,  III« 


9.  Expenses  Jamestown  exposition,   Minnie 

Branson $10  00 

25,000 1-c  stamps,  P  O  dept 250  00 

10.  Gummed  labels.  N  Y  Bond  and  Ticket  oo...       875  00 

Premium  on  bonds,  July,  Natl  Surety  co 110  20 

Rent  of  typewriter  at  £  C  meeting  at  Nor- 
folk, Va,  Remiugton  Typewriter  co 1  50 

Repairing  phone  and  fan.  John  C  Kau 1  50 

1,000  stencilblanks,  The  Elliott  co 1  00 

Telegrams,  Thti  Telegraph  co 7  45 

17  bottles  water,  Great  Btrar  Bpring  co 6  80 

ioe  for  aug,  Columbia  Ice  co 8  10 

Telephone  service,  The  CAP  Telephone  co        44  08 
Printing  600  bulletins  for    aug,  Law   Re- 
porter co 6  00 

-   Printing  aug  An  Pbd,  l>aw  Reporter  co 500  74 

Telegrams.  Postal  Telegraph-Cable  co 49  18 

9  boxes  of  carbon.  Typewriter  and  Office  Sup-   ' 

ply  CO 18  50 

1  stool  98.45;  1  fee  chest,  88.80:  Mayer  A  co 18  14 

OrganlElng  expenses,  A  J  Mashien.  95;  N  A 
Stumpe,  910;  J  J  O'Donnell,  988.60 58  60 

11.  Organizing  expenses,  Pete  Hanraty,    956; 

Santiago  Iglesias.  9145.50 201  60 

Attorney  fees.  H  Winship  Wheatley 8  00 

Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  July,  19,  '07, 

pile  drivers  96U1,  John  Fanny,  treas 104  00 

Strike  benefits  for  week  ending  July  20, 1907, 

Jewelry  and  silverware  casemakers  10448, 

Obas  £  Kuser,  treas 828  00 

12.  Organizing  expenses,  Frank  H  McCarthy....        88  60 
Expenses  Jamestown  exhibit,  Wm  A  Davis        60  00 

18.  Organising  expenses,  Fred  A  Kline.. 6  00 

Commission  for  July 422  81 

Expenses  Jamestown  exhibit,  C  P  Connolly       100  00 

14.  Translating  Italian.  R  A  Pincl.. 5  50 

Organizing  expenses.  T  M  Clark,  926:  T  E 
&nt,ro:eO;  HM  Walker, 950;  Cal  Wyatt, 

9100 245  60 

17.  Onanlsing  expenses,  Michael  Sweeney.  910; 
O   £   Witrren.   15;  J  J  O'Neill,  910;  T  H 

Flynn,950;  G  W  Schackert.  95 80  00 

Printing  sept  AM  Fed,  l4iw  Reporter  oo 1,848  88 

Printing  500  sept  bulletins  95;  and  125  proofs 
SweetrOrr  A,  co..  91.75;  Law  Reporter  co..  6  75 

19.  90,000 1-c  stamps,  P  O  dept 200  00 

20.  Organizing  expense*,  John  A  Flett.  9100;  E 

T  Flood,  9iC0;  Hugh  Frayne.  9100;  M  Grant 
Hamilton.  %\W\  Jas  Leonard,  91t0;  J  D 
Pierce,  960:  Stuart  Reid,  9100;  Herman 
Robinson,  9100;  Jacob  Tazelaar,  9100;  Wm 
E  Terry,  9100;  C  O  Young,  9100;  A  E  Holder, 
9100;  W  C  Hahn,  9100;  Peter  Hanraty, 
9181.60;  Edwin  R  Wright,  9100;  J  D  Pierce, 

f  100 1,581  60 

Commission  for  aug 820  00 

Dif  exchange  of  eyelets,  20c;  express  on  sup, 
46c:  1  gro  pens,  75c;  6  scrap  books,  95.40;  1 
jar  paste,  oOc;  6  penwipers,  26c;  6  sponges, 
25c;  1  lb  bands,  92.75;  1  mucilage  cup,  25c;  4 
doz  envelopes,  90o;  1  doz  inkstands.  91.50;  2 
doz  envelones,  60c;  8  bottles  ink  eradicator, 
76o:  1  binder,  96c:  binding  1  red  flexible 
leather  index,  91.26:  500  envelopes,  97.50;  6 

doz  letter  pads,  95.40;  Law  Reporter  co 29  65 

8,100  receipts  acct  tax,  921.80;  5,000  letter 
beads,  919;  Law  Reporter  co 40  30 


20.  Premiums  on  bonds  for  aug,  Natl  Surety  co 
6  outs 980.41;  24  proofs,  92;  Tne  Maurice  Eng 

CO 

Towel  service.  Fowler  Mfg  co 

21.  Folding  circulars,  addressing,  stamping,  fill- 

ing, and  mailing  enveiopcH  {'d.%  weeks 
salary)  M  A  Jones,  922.60;  {-1%  weeas)  L  E 
Roberts.  921;  (2>^  weeks)  M  L  Lowe,  919.58; 
(2%  weeks)  D  H  ciprague,  921,  a%  weeks) 
G  O   Kane,    9i2.7o;   (2  6-6  weeks)   H   M 


987  80 


82  41 
700 


r.50 178  58 

28.  2,000  2-c  stamps,  P  O  dept 40  00 

24.  Organizing  expenses,  i<'rank  L  Rist,  962;  T 

H  Flynn.  976 137  00 

Cleaning  windows  and  doors,  L  L  Cahoon. 
W  C  Co Z 7  00 

25.  8C0  2-c  stamps,  ICO  1-c  stamps,  P  O  dept 7  00 

1,0002-0  sUmps.  P  O  dept 20  00 

Express,  U  S  Express  co 56  91 

Organizing  expenses,  Cal  Wyatt. 100  00 

26.  250  2-c  stomps.  200  1-c  stamps,  P  O  dept 7  00 

Protest  fees,  Riggs  Natl  Bank 2  86 

Organizing  expenses,  W  H  Terrill 10  00 

27.  500  i-c  stomps,  P  O  dept 5  00 

Orsranlzing  expenses,  C  W  Farrington,  95;  J 

TManee,  919.60 24  50 

28.  1,000  strike  report  blanks,  locaL919;  150strike 

report  blanks,  natl,  94;  2,000  special  no- 
tices, 97;  correcting  llstof  organizers,9ii.20; 
.  5,000  report  and  order  blanks,  912.50;  20,000 
appeals,  telegraphers, 950;  50  voting  blanks, 
91.50;  2,0C0 constitutions,  950;  l.OOOspeciai  re- 
port blanks,  98.25;  5O,O0Oprice  lists,  9d9;  10,000 
applications  (membership), 918;  correcting 
list  of  organizers,  95.60:  260  strike  report 
blanks,  natl, 96;  correcting  llstof  organi- 
zers. 911.20;  Trades  Unionist 244  26 

Contribution  to  Am  Fed.  Victor  Yarros 26  00 

Organizing  expenses,  M  Quinn 20  00 

TeJegrams,  the  Telegraph  co 8  66 

1  punch.  The  Elliott  CO 60 

260  proofs  Sweet-Orr  &  Co,  Law  Reporter  co  4  CO 

Record  books.  Globe  Printing  oo 190  00 

Repairing  lights  anil  fan?;,  John  V  Rao 4  80 

4  weeks'  salary,  ofli .     ^  3 1 ,  e  .  i . .  v t  h,  E  Vh \m b, 
9100:  J  Kelly,  992;  U>}  K  L  OuArd, 

984.88;  D  F  Mane  I  W  Bi-nibiird, 

980;  L  A  Gaver,  9  -ieriie<  97^;  F  C 

Alexander,  972;  A  ■<  Ki^s^  i|,  f72:  (ft  weeka) 
J  W  Lowe.  954:  .\  \,  ^\^<\i\\  m(k>;  D  L 
Bradley,  868.80;  J  c  in  i  inhtr.  m;  F  L  Fiibcr, 
965.52;  (2  weeks)  Z  M  Mnuvfrs*^,  sa2.7«:  A 
Boswell,961;  (8  wet-ki,)  I  M  Rodler,  ti5;  T 
E  FawkCH.  960;  E  M  Hwic^x^k,  96^.2»;  m^ 
weeks)  I  V  Kane,  138  7i5:  A  McCienftrj,fbO; 
f5  weeks)  I  M  Lauber,  fiB3,5I;  W  I  Fruncls, 
960;  (5  weeks)  T  J  Niclt^n,  tti5.0l-  B  » 
Thomao,  948;  W  H  Hownn,  96d:  GA  Itos- 
well,  948;  L  Bl.cJ(.  Jol;  W  Vou  E«dorf, 
947.16;  E  R  Bn>WT]'fv,  IfrV^S;  U  M  IfolU- 
man,  938;  {i%  w-  .  ,  f  .     ^j'i,w>; 

(33^  weeks)  CCJc^,.,_^.*^  1,988  81 

One  monti.'s  salary.  Samuel  Gompers,  pres       250  00 
One  month's  salary,  Frank  Morrison,  secy^( 


910 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


J^Jw^ifBy'iamxL^ 


HARKAN 


2  for  25  Gents. 


Yonr  Dealer  can 
furnish  them 
Should  he  refuse  to  do  so,  send  to  the  factory 

UNION  COLLAR  CO.,# 

VVIOV  MADE,       CADILLAC.    MICH. 


28.  Organizing  expenses,  H  M  Walker,  9100; 
John  A  Klett,  $100:  E  T  Flood,  9100:  M 
Grant  Hamilton,  9160;  Jas  Leonard,  $100; 
Stuart  Reid,  9100:  Herman  Robinson,  9100; 
Jacob  Tazelaar,  9100;  Cal  Wyatt,  9150:  C  O 
Young,  910U;  A  £  Holder,  9100;  W  E  Terry, 

91U0 91,800  00 

80.  Postage  on  Am  Fed.  P  O  dept ^..        28  99 

Phone,  10c;  fee  mo,  10c;  matches,  20o;  re- 
pairing gas  tube,  25c;  opening  lock  and 
making  key,  60c;  washing  curtains,  GOo;    - 
newspapers,  61c;  express,  92;  car  tickets, 

96.25;  J  w  Bemhard 10  64 

Hauling  Am  H'kd,  J  W  Bernhard 1  40 

ITU  assess,  J  W  Bramwood.  secy-treas. 6  46 

Expenses,    Jamestown   exhibit,  C  P  Con- 
nolly        100  00 

Refund  of  express  charges.  Wm  A  Schafer..  1  45 

Organizing  expenses.  J  A  Oarrlty 15  00 

Commissions  for  sept 640  89 

Stamps  received  and  used,  Frank  Morrison, 
secy 7  70 

Total 914,420  20 

RECAPITULATION. 

Balance  on  hand  September  1, 1907 9115,680  ^ 

Receipts  for  month  of  September 26,749  90 

Total *. 142,830  22 

Expenses  for  month  of  September 14,420  20 

Balance  on  hand  October  1, 1907 9127,910  02 

General  fund 24,83118 

Defense  fund 103,078  89 

Total 9127,910  C2 

FRANK  MORRISON, 
Secretary,  A.  P,  otL. 


CORSETS 

At  Leading  Retailers 

Strouse,  Adier  &  Company 


This 
FREE 
Book 

explains  how  the 

worst  scale 
may  be  removed 

from  any 
kind  of  a  boiler 


It  also  describes  The  Weinland  Mechanical  Boiler 
Tube  Cleaner.Wcinland  Turbine  Boiler  Tube  Cleaners, 
The  Lagonda  Reseating  Machine,  The  Lagonda  Boiler 
Tube  Cutters,  The  Lagonda  Cutoff  Valve. 

Write  for  doscriptiTo  Bteimture 

THE  LA60NDA  MANUFACTURIN6  CO. 

Bollsr  Cleining  Expsrts.    At  it  mors  than  20  ytart. 
SPRINGFIELD.  OHIO 

New  York   Boston   Philadelphia  rituburg  Chicago 
Toledo    St.  Paul    San  I-rancisco 


EDGAI  B.  JEWETT 


1 


JOHMB.JIWBTT 


TlieJeMrett 

R^efri^erator 

Company 


.  BUFFALO 


NEW  TORS  [ 


>AViv»My> 


If  you  can  find  fault  with  this  lag  screw  or  expansion 
bolt  send  for  sample  and  try  it 


The  NcCabe  Hanger  Manafactorin^  Co. 

425  West  26th  Str.cBtQjQg'tfic 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


911 


THE   BRANH  "OHIO"  ON  A    TOOL   IS  A  SAFEGUARD 

against  inferior  goods.  **Ohio"  Tools  are  the  best  money  and  skill  can 
produce.  They  have  been  on^  the  market  a  ,/P<eat  many  years,  and 
with  ihe  experienced  mechanic  the  brand  *  Ohio"  has  become  a 
synonjrm  for  "Quality."  They  are  decidedly  economical  from  the 
user's  standpoint,  and  w^  worth  insisting  upon. 

£v*ry  '*01ii#*'  Uol  covered  hj  a  broad  guarantoe 
Our  complete  Illustrated  Catalog  No.  F  may  be  had  for  the  asking 

OHIO  TOOI.  COMPANY,  Colt&mbt&s,  OHio 


'Wriifht  I^timber  Company 
LUMBER 

Doors     •.•    Windows     •.*     Blinds     •.*     Mouldings 

140-150  WEST  THIRTY-EIGHTH  STREET 
Telephone,  292-38th  Street 

Bet.  7th  Ave.  and  Broadway  NEW  YORK 

COMPLIMENTS  OF 

Yellow   Pine   Company 

of  Philadelphia 
Pennsylvania  Building 

PHILADELPHIA 

Maxwell  E.  More  Walter  D.  Sewell 

Telephone,  46-38th 

M.  £.  MORE  (SL  CO. 

Fine  Interior 
Wood  Work 

No.  489  Fifth  Avenue 

Near  Forty-Se  ond  Street  NEW  YORK 


GELIEN  (SL  COMPANY 

155  Maiden  Lane 
rtt^W  YORK 

Anti-Rust  Paints 
Enamels 


WORKS: 


NEW  DURHAM 


NEW  JERSEY 


BecKiw'itK-CKandler   Co. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

HIGH-GRADE  VARNISHES 


NEWARK,  N.  J. 
201  Emmett  Street 


NEW  YORK 
320  Fifth  Avenue 


Doering's  Manhattan  Forge 


TOOLS 


For  Cut-Stone  Contractors 

For  Planing  and  Handling  Stone,  Chains, 

Hooks,  Dogs,  Etc. 


Foot  104tli  St.  and  East  River 


NEW  YORK 


EVANS  STAMPING  AND  PLATING  COMPANY 

MANUFACTURERS 

Acme  Oven  Thermometers       ^&       Paragon  Reverse  Gears 
Tattle  Tapping  Machines    j0^    Tin  Siphon  Mill  Oilers  t 

TAUNTON  .......  MASSACHUSETTS 


912 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Electro-Plating  Dynamos 

Electrical  Instruments  and 
Supplies 

Voltmeters,  Ammeters,  and 
Rheostats 

All  Chemicals  for  the  Electro- 
Deposition  of  Metals 

Polishing  Compositions,Wheels 
and  Rouges 

Polishing  Machinery 

Cold  Galvanizing  Plants 

The  Hanson  &  Van  Winkle  Co. 

219-221  Market  Street 

Newark,  N.  J. 


Teiepkc»e.-|365  Bedford 
C'-ryrl^htcd  Brands 

American  Field 
Forest  (Stream 
Blarney  Slone 

Chas.  H.  Eggert 
&Bro. 

Makers  of 

Union  Cigars 

I5I2-I5U  Atlantic  Ave*,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

Away  above  everything! 

"LEWIS  66" 
Whisky 

STIAUSS,  pun  S  COMPANY 
Distilkn 

CINCINNATI        -        -  OHIO 


Knife  Switches 
Panel  Boards 
Switch  Boards 

Steel 
Outlet 


and 


Switch 
Boxes 


The   **ERICKSON"  and  ••MONITOR" 

CONDUIT  BU8HINOS 

Sole  Manufacturers  and  Patentees 

The  Bosssrt  Electrical  ConstriictlDi  Co. 

UTICA,N.Y. 


FOR  SUPERIOR  STYLE  AND 
ELEGANCE  BUY 

''Ham's  Goods" 


MADE  of  the  BEST  MATERIAL  and  PERFEa 
COMBUSTION  GUARANTEED 


We  make  the  Finest  Line  of  Tubular  Lanterns  and 
Lamps  of  Every  Description 


C.  T.  Ham  Manufacturing  Company 
Rochester,  New  York 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONISr 


913 


JUSTUS  VON  LEN6ERKE, 

353FiFTH 

Pratidtnt.                         C.  W.  SHAFFER,  Sec'y  and  6«n.  Mgr.                          ERNST  DETMOLO.  Trmurtr. 

If  you  are  not  in  favor  of  the  "  Powder  Trust" 
buy  your  dynamite  and  blasting  supplies  of  the 

NATIONAL    POWDER    COMPANY 
AVE.                                                  NEW  YORK  CITY 

••  YanJUt "  Ratchet  Screw  Driver, 


•iP5P^H^' 


**  yanJkee  "  Hatchet  Screw  Driver  tvithjinger  turn  on  blade. 


**  Yankee  "  A  utomatic  Drill  with  Magazine  for  Drill  BrinU. 


'YANKEE' 
TOOLS 


are  the  newest,  cleverest  and 
most  satisfactory  In  ttse,  and 
the  first  to  be  offered  at  so 
reasonable  a  price  that  every 
up-to-date  mechanic  could 
buy  tools  of  their  quality  and 
character. 

Other  tools  are  very  pood 
tools,  but  "Yankee"  TooU 
are  better. 

*«  Yankee  »*  Tools  are  sold 
by  all  leadlngdealers  in  tools 
and  hardware  everywhere. 
Ask  your  dealer  to  seettaeoL 


•*  Yankee"*  ReaproeaHng  Drm  ftr  9FoodcrMttaL 


OUR  "YANKEE*'  TOOL  BOOK 
TELLS  ALL  ABOUT  THESE  AND 
SOME  OTHERS,  AND  18  MAILED 
FREE  ON  APPLICATION  TO— 


PHILADELPHIA. 


Lehigh  Avenue  and  American  Street, 


Davies  &  Thomas  Co. 


JAMBS  THOMAS,  Pnst.  ROWLAND  T.  DAVIS,  VIoe-Pmt. 

ROWLAND  D.  THOMAS  TresLS.  »nd  Mgr. 
OBO.  DAVIES,  Secy,  and  Pur.  Agt. 


EORN&  THOMAS.  Qeu'lAgeDta, 
HivemeyBrBuildIng, 

26  CortlAudt  St.,  New  York. 

N.  7.  Telephone  4061  ConUndt 
CJaUsaofOA  TelepboBe  iiSi 


Foundry  and 
Machine  Works 


CATASAUQUA.PA. 


C  A.  WILLEY  COMPANY 
Color  Grinders 


AND 


MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Specialties  in  Carriasfe  and  Cat  Paints^ 
Colors,  Etc* 

Nott  and  Veraoa  Aventses 
Hunter's  Point,       -       NEV  YORK  CITY. 


BERRY  BROTHERS 

LIMITED 
ESTABLISHED  1868 

Manufacturers  of  every  grade  of 

Varnish  and  Japan 

FOR  EVERY  USE  KNOWN 
New  York      Philadtlphia        Chicago  St.  Louit 

IM  MANl  •T.         t*  M  WO.  4TH  •T.         4«-»0LAKC  •T.  Hf  •O.  4TM  »J. 

Boston  Baltimore        Cincinnati      San  Francisco 

MOATUAMTIC*Vf.    M».HAllOVt«»T.  4«0  ll*tN  tT.        '      »••  NOWARO  ST. 

FACTORY  AND  MAIN  OFFICE,  DETROIT 
Canadian  Factory.  WiUerville,  Oni. 

nigitivoH  hy  V  t 


C.rtrtg] 


914 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Interlocking  Rubber  Tiling 


Is  noiseless,  non-slippery,  waterproof,  and 
thoroughly  sanitary,  more  durable  than  stone 
or  earthen  tiles,  elegant  in  appearance,  manu- 
factured in  a  carefully  selected  variety  of  colors. 
Endorsed  by  the  best  architects  and  engineers. 
A  perfect  fl  »or  for  business  offices,  banking 
rooms,  court  rooms,  vestibules,  halls,  billiard 
rooms,  smoking  rooms,  cafes,  libraries, 
churches,  hospitals,  hotels,  bath  rooms, 
kitchens,  etc. 

Samples,  estimates,  and  special  designs  fur- 
nished upon  application. 

Beware  of  infringers.    Patented. 
Manufactured  solely  by 

NEW  YORK  BELTIN6  S  PACKIN6  Co^Ltl, 
93  and  93  Cliafflbers  SL  New  Yoriu 


BIRMINGHAM 

Is  the  Most  Progressive  City 
IN  THE  SOUTH 


And  points  with  particular 
pride  to  her  Street  Car  Ser- 
vice as  one  index  to  her 
thoroughly  modem  ways    : 


BirmiDgham 

Railway,  Light  &  Power 

Company 

BIRMINGHAM       -      ALABAMA 


CALCIMO 

The  Painters'  Cold  Water  Kalsomine 


because  it  is  bound  iviih  hide  stock 
animal  glue,  and  is  readily  soluble  in 
cold  water.  Calcimo  requires  no  ice 
in  summer  nor  stove  in  winter.  It 
jells  on  the  hottest  summer  day,  and 
does  not  go  too  stiff  for  spreading 
during  the  cold  weather.  Calcimo 
covers  well  one  coat,  can  be  recoated 
when  necessary,  and  spreads  easily. 
Kalsominers  and  decorative  painters 
find  it  less  expensive  than  any  other 
kalsomine— also  that  it  gives  satisfac- 
tory results. 


THE  MURALO  COMPANY 

New  Brighton,  Staten  Island,  N.Y. 


BRANCH  OFFICES  AND  WAREHOUSES: 
24-26  Mtrket  5r.,       -  Cfakico.  ML 

322  W.  Gene»ce  St..        -       -        BuffiK  N,  V. 
Cor.  Bftltery  and  Filberi  Sti.^    -       Sm  FriD Cisco,  CiJ. 


lAGER  BEER 


BOTTLEID  rft^c  BREIWERY 


Digitized  by 


Goo^k 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


945 


The  New  Low  Cost  Policy  Of  The    PfUdeiltial 


Unparalleled  in  its  Attractive  Features.    Low  Premium  Rates. 
Contract  Clear  and  Definite;    Lll>eral  Cash  Loans. 


Every  Rate,  Value  and  Feature  in  the  Policy 
:       :      ABSOLUTELY  GUARANTEED 


Write  for  inforaiation  of  New  Policy.    Dept.  112. 

The  Prudential  Insurance  Company  of  America 

Incorporated  as  a  Stock  Company  by  the  State  of  New  Jersey 
JOHN  P.  DRYDBN.  Preeident.  Home  Office*  NEWARK.  N.  J. 


SANDUSKY  TOOL  CO.,  SandtisKy,  Ohio 

MaaafaeturerB  of 

Planes,  Plane  Irons,  Hoes,  Mallets,  Handles,  Bench  and  Hand  Screws,  Cooper  and  Cabinet  Makers* 
Tools,  Planer  Knives,  Molding  Bits.    All  Plane  Irons  warranted  and  guaranteed  to  be  the  Best  on  the 
Market.    If  your  nearest  dealer  does  not  handle  our  goods,  order  direct  from  the  factory. 
Mow  TorK  Oficoes  SI  WAUM  STIUT.  NSW  TOIK  CITT.  V.  S.  A. 
In  amworiag  thb  oJTorti»omoBt  montion  thU  m— agino 

IMJAIVIIN       E.      JARVIS 

HIOH-ORAOK 

Patterns  and  Models 

Kirk  AUey.  NEWARK,  N.  J. 


loar  SS8  MarKot  Str«ot 
Sntraaco  from  WarA  or  Lawronco  Sto. 


Do  Not  Replace  Your  Worn  Carpet 
With  a  New  One. 

The  new  one  will  harbor  dust  and  germs  and  will 
wear  out  just  the  same  as  the  old  one  did.  Our  Par- 
quetry, or  Hardwood  Floors,  are  beautiful,  clean, 
sanitary,  and  will  last  as  long  as  your  house.  Free 
Catalogue  No.  l5. 

Wood-Mosaic  Flooring  Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y.       New  Albany  N.  Y. 


"RED  CROSS" 

PIPEJOINTXOMPOUND 

Matt«s  tltfkt  JolBU  ihMX  stay  tltfkL 
R«ady  to  BMi  Clean;  Never  hardens. 
JolnU  come  ajiart  easily,  and  rnvrf 
can  Is  warranted  to  do  all  we  claim. 
SiA^ly  0!w  It  a  trial,  than  yo«  will  Kaow 
Its  Talmo.         Samplao  ttmm, 

^jh9  £DG£COMB£   CO. 


Get  The  BRUSH  That's 
GUARANTEED 

TheRUBBERSET  BRUSH  COMPANY 

NEWARK,  N.  J. 


The  BRISTLE  Won't  Come 
Out!  25  and  50  Cents 
at  all  Dealers. 


916 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Keep  a  Sharp 
When  You 


Special  Order  or  Ready-Made 

and  all  Working 

flLL  LABELS 
SEWED  IN  THE  POCKETS 


United  Garment 

116, 117  Bible 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


917 


SPECIAL  0R0»  cLo-miNGl 

^  BSUtOBVM/nOWVC*- 


Dg  TO  ^m^W£^ 


ISSUED  fit  AUT»40RIT 


Lookout  for  Me 
Purchase 

Clothing,  Shirts,  Overalls,  Duck 
nen's  Clothing 


SHOULD  BE 

BY  MACHINE  STITCHING 


mm  MAPI 


fr»llfrOi 


Workers  of  America 

House^  New  York 


SprCIALOROCA  CUmtlNG  I 


IMUID  SV  AUTtNNIITY 


Digitized  by^ 


918 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Philadelphia       Boston      Cleveland      New  Orleans 

St.  Louis       Baltimore       I- II wood  City,  Pa. 

Denver       Pittsburg 


GARLOCK  PACKINGS 

Wrltm  for  Catalog  Afo.  28 

THe  GarlocR  PacRin^  Co. 

Main  Office  and  Factory 
PAI^MYRAt    N.    Y. 


San  Francfsco      New  York 

Birmingham,  Ala.  Buffalo 

Hamburg,  Ger.       Norfolk 


Chicago 

Cincinnati 
Detroit 


HUNDY 
ENGINES 


For  All  Purposes 

Mud  Dredging 
Dock  Building 
Coal  Hoisting 
Bridge  Erecting 
Pile  Driving 
Mining 

sot  DifftTAAt  Styl«s  Quarrying 

Send  for  Catalogue 

J.  S.  MUNDY 

In  SueeoMMfui  Opet  ation  SS  Toarm 

22  to  34  Prospect  St.,  NeivarR,N.  J. 


UNDERSTAND 


Brother  Unionist 

That  the  best  made  shoes — the  shoes  made 
under  the  best  manufacturing  conditions — 
the  shoes  that  best  stand  wear — bear  the 
Union  Stamp,  as  shown  herewith.  ::  :: 

Ask  your  dealer  for  Union  Stamp  Shoes, 
: :  and  If  he  can  not  supply  you,  write  : : 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers*  Union 

246  Summer  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 


John  W.  Masury  &  Son 

f^alnts  anb 
IDarniebes 


New  York      Chicago 

HART  &  GROUSE 
COMPANY 


Royal  Boilers 

AND 

New  York 
Radiators 


BRANCHES*       • 

NEW  YORK  -  235  Wato  Street 
CHICAGO  -       -        79  Ufce  Street 

COLUMBUS  -  Poplar  and  Henry  Streets 
DALLAS  -  -  -  659  Elm  Street 
MINNEAPOLIS     742  Lumber  Ezchangfe 

Digitized  by  VjOOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


919 


isl 


T'^^gl    r*a.t*t\ 


S  IVI  OK 


The  first  braod  of  Union 
Tobacco  ever  produced 

SAVE  LABEL  FRONTS  FOR  PREMIUMS 


HENGEL  BOX  COMPANY 

ManufaAurers  of 

Pails  and  Boxes 


Louisville 


Kentucky 


Where  intelligent  and 
honest  labor  is  em- 
ployed, good  material 
used,  the  result  must 
be  evident,  as  is  the 
case  with  all  brands 
I     brewed  by  the     I 

Cl)attaniiiiga 
prattling  Cn. 

CHATTANOOGA     -     TENN. 


BAR-KEEPERS 

J'FRIENO".. 


BAR  FIXTURES, 
DRAtrv  BOARDS 

Tln«  3tirie,  Br<a«a,  Copp*r» 
NiDli«l  and  •■[  ICitc:h«n  *nd 

Pl*1«<f  Utentil*. 
a«t«*  Woo4t  M*rt>l»»  Wow 


HIGHEST  AWARD 

World's  Fair,  Chlcafco 

1893 

St  Louis,  1904 


CCO'RCE   IfVMI.    HOfrjMifcil. 


THE  Bjifi'icEeiftS'  mm. 
aaBEWRTSBs 


Sold  by  Dealers 

All  Over  the  World 

Prices,  10  and 

35  Cents 


SUBSCRIBE  FOR  THE 

AMERICAN    FEDERATIONIST. 

$I.OO  PER  YEAR^ 

Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


920 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


TRAZER  AXLE  CREATE 

BE&T  IN  THE  WORLD 

NO  WELL  EQUIPPED  STABLE 
-    SHOULD  BE  WITHOUT 


Fra^er  Axle  Grease, 
Frazer  Harness  Oil. 
Frazer  Harness  Soap. 


Frazer  Stock  F4M>rf- 
Fraier  Hoof  Oil. 
FraziT  AxU  OH. 


f  RAZEIt  LUBRICATOR  COMPANY, 

CHICAGO  ST.   LOUIS  NEW  YORK 


Goodyear 
Lumber  Company 

Business  Established  1872. 
Manufacturers  of  Pennsylvania  White  Hemlock 

LUMBER 

Mills  on  Buffalo  and  Susquehanna  Railroad. 

CAPACITY.  800.000  FEET  PER  DAY 

GENERAL  OFFICE: 

950  Eliicott  Square, 
BUFFALO.  N.  Y. 


New  York  Offi«: 

3  MAIDEN  LANE. 


Ask  Your  Jeweler  for 

S.O.BIGNEY 
&  CO/S 

Gold-Filled  Chains* 
They  arc  Reliable* 

Factory : 
ATTLEBORO,  MASS. 


^t^tzm^  'b7  V-J  U  U  V  iC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


921 


11 

10   -^tflfthf 


'    NEWJYORK- 
8 


LjiandarGl  Tune 
GvcrywliGrG   ii5 

TirtLG 


In  every  time  belt  between  New  York 
and  San  Francisco — Eastern,  Central, 
Western  and  Pacific — the  Elgin  Watch 
is  the  standard  timekeeper. 

Every  Elgin  Watch  is  fully  guaranteed.  All  jewelers 
have  Elgin  Watches.  An  interesting,  illustrated 
booklet  about  watches,  sent  free  on  request  to 

ELGIN  NATIONAL  WATCH  CO.,  Elgin,  Illinois. 


11 


X 


10 


•<M' 


im«> 


2"> 


SMf  FR^ICISCO 

8 


Pneumatic  Tools 

for  all  purposes,  and  all  favorites  of  the  skilled 
iron  worker.    One  man  by  the  aid  of  one  of 
these  tools  can  accom- 
plish as   muck   js 
ten  men  b>  old 
hand  met  buds. 


Send  lor  our  gen- 
eral too!  ant!  conipres- 
lor  catalogues. 

Manufactured  by 

CnCAfiO  PNEUMATIC  TOOL  CO. 

rUhw  BiOMlBg  95  Liberty  Street 

CnCAM  MSW  TOIK 


READING 
HARDWARE    CO. 

Makers  of 

Builders*  Hardware 

Fine  Door  Locks 
The  **Ogdeii'*  Check 

Gas,  Electric  and 
Combination  Furtures 


**  Reading'* 
Lawn  Mowers 

Landon  I>esif  n. 

FACTORIES: 

READING,  PA. 

NEW  YORK,  CHICAGO, 

96-98  Reade  St.  105  Lake  St. 

PHILADELPHIA, 
6 1 7  Market  St.      (^  r\r\rAc 


922 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Empire 
Moulding  Works 


Rochester 

N.r. 


O     i>   .  • 


E      v 


i      A      tf 


GAS  REDUCED  TO 
$1.10  per  thousand 


with  baking  and  broiling  ovens,  four 
top  burners  and  simmering  burner,  swing 
doors.  Guaranteed  to  do  satisfactory 
work.  Only  $12.00.  Price  includes 
connections  ready  fo  use  along  the  line 
of  our  mains.  Ranges  sold  $2  down 
and  $1  per  month. 

Independent  Water  Heater  $7 


CONSUMERS  GAS  CO. 

16  North  Fifth  Sf  ding,  Pa. 


PRENTISS 
PATENTVICES 


PRENTISS  VISE 
COMPANY 

NEW  YORK 

"SAFETY" 

Insulated  Wires  and  Cables 

FOR  ALL  PURPOSES 
THE  SAFETY 
INSULATED  WIRE  AND  CABLE  CO. 
Bayonne,  N.  J. 

P.  Barbey  Sr  Son 

BREWERS 

Lager  Beer,  Ale  and 

Porter 


Reading 


Digitized  by 


(Pennsylvania 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


923 


HERRMANN, 
A  UK  AM    CO. 


3  1     Thomas     Street 
NEW    YORK    CITY 


TWO  USEFUL  AND  ECONOMICAL  HOUSEHOLD  ARTICLES 

■  ma--    O^       H«AU«nd 
;A'1^5fe      UthUany 
Room  At 
Cottol 
LivhtOnhr 

Perfect  coiD* 
buttion.  no 
blue  gat 
watte:  but  hygenic.  odorlev.  deanly. 
Fit!  any  gat  fixture,  without  danger- 
out  rubber  tube  connectiont.  Of 
dealers,  $1 .23.  Circulart  free. 
Agentt  wanted. 


So  thoroughly  good  for  deaning 
and  poKthiM.  and  to  cheap  compared 
to  %^hole  Chamoit  tkint  —  Every 


careful  housekeeper  wantt  them. 
Dealer*,  2Sc.,  or  if  necettary  will 
tend  on  receipt  of  price.  Twentieth 
Century  Mfg.  Co., f9WarrenSt.N.Y. 


Telephone  Connection 


Established  1868 


Nauss  Bros.  Co. 

Butchers,  Poulterers 
and  Packers 

MAIN  STORES  AND  OFFICES: 

2289-2291  3d  Avenue  at  125th  Street 

MARKETS: 

3d  Ave.  between  I24th  and  125th  Streets 

2d  Ave.,  Corner  80th  Street         ^,        «      , 

2d  Ave.,  Corner  5th  Street  NeW  YorK 


(( 


In  Union  is  Strength' 


There  are  more 

HcCALL  PATTERNS  sold  in  the 

.United  States  than  of  any 

other  maKe 

Because  they  combine 
STYLE,  ACCURACY  AND  SIMPLICITY 

HcCALL'S  MAGAZINE 
has  more  subscribers  than  any 
I  other  ladies*  magazine  ^l;; 

ZHSI^Z    ^''  :in  the  world 

Because  it  is  the  most  necessary  ladies*  magazine 

published 

McCALL^S  MAGAZINE  costs  only 

50  cents  a  year.    Subscriptions  taken  by    any 

of  the  merchants  who  handle 

McCall  Patterns 

The  McCall  Company 

Fashion  Publishers 

New  YorK  Citr 


P.B.  McMANUS  E.  J.  McOAUGHEY         P.  B.  McMANUS,  Jr. 

PRES.ATREAS.  SECRETARY  ASS*T  TREaS. 

ESTABLISHED  1881 

Home  Bleach  and  Dye  Works 

INCORPORATED  1902 

Dyers  and  Bleachers  of 

Cotton  Yarns 

Spool  Threads,  Tapes,  Braids,  Cords,  Twines, 

Knitting  Cotton,  Etc. 

Pawtuoket.  R.  I..  U.S.A. 


COLUMBUS  VARNISHES 

Are  good  Varnishes  for  carriage  work, 
interior  and  exterior  house  work,  fur- 
niture work,  agricultural  work,  and 
where  good  Varnishes  are  required. 

ALWAYS      THE      SAME. 

The  Columbus  Varnish  Co. 

COLUMBUS.   OHIO. 

Digitized  by  LjOOQLC 


92« 


A  M  ERIC  AN  FEDERA  T ION  1ST 


AMERICAN  DISTRICT  STEAM  CO. 

LOCKPORT,  N,  Y. 
Pioneer  in  Underground  Central  Station  Steam  Heating 

Twenty -live  Years  in  tlie  Business.     Three  Hundred  Plants  Constructed  in  Vanous  Pjtrts  of  the  Country. 
Manufacture  Steam  Heating:  Devices 

Also  Steam  Pipe  Casing.  Wooden    Water  Pipe,  and    Construct   Heating  Plants  and  Water  Systems. 


CINCINNATI 

an  ideal  location  for  your  home,  your 
factory  or  investments,  has  greater 
Ligh£^  Futi  and  Powir  inducements 
than  any  other  large  American  City* 
These  items  form  a  sufficient  portion 
of  operating  expenses  to  command  the 
investigation  of  the  manufacturer  or 
investor. Write  forspeciaHnformation, 
Address— New  Business  Department, 

THE  UNION  GAS  ^  ELEOTKIU  CO,,  CINONNATIiO. 


What  is  more  annoying  than 
telephone  troubles.^ 

Satisfactory  telephone  serv* 
ice  can  not  .be  had  %\  infeiior 
batteries  are  used. 

TKe  1900  Drr 
Batter?^ 

js  made  on  purely  scientiik 
principles  and  is  especiaHy 
adapted  for  telephone  use* 
It  is  used  all  over  the  world 
where  telephones  are,  and  is 
pving  universal  satisfaction. 
Are  you  using  it,  or  are  you  still  having  tele- 
phone troubles? 

Sold   by   leading;  dealers  and  jobbers  in  ill 
parts  of  the  world. 

The  Nungesser  Electric  Battery  Co* 
Cleveland. 

General  Sties  Orfices, 
128  Jackson  Boutevtrd^  Cbicago* 


ESTATE  STOVES  AND  RANGES 

Whether  for  Coal,  Wood,  or  Gas  have  No  Superior.    Investigate  their 

Merits  before  Buying* 

THE  ESTATE  STOVE  COMPANY 

Manufacturers 


Hamilton,  Ohio, 


a  S  A, 

Diyiii^Ld  by  VjOO|?L6- 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


925 


BETTER  SATISFY  BOTH  YOUR  CUSTOMER  AND  YOURSELF? 

^Better  loolc  up  the  Edwards  specialties  when  figuring  on  a  contract,  because  tbey  are  bound  to  give  a  great  deal 
more  saiisfaotlon  than  many  devices  of  other  makes.  QThe  Edwards  goods  are  thoroughly  well  made  by  com- 
petent workmen  under  careful  supervision.    The  ideas  embodied  in  the  Edwards  specialties  are  original  with  us; 


are  money  makers  because  of  their  good  points;  save  labor  installing  and  worry  after  they  are  put  in.  For 
Illustrated  Catalo€»uk,  Write 

EDWARDS  &  COM  PAN  Y  '^"^rr-^^  rj"i°."rv 

Selling  Agents,  Western  Electrical  Co.       Telephone  Connection*  New  York,  Philadelphia,  Chicaio,  St.  Louis,  Kansas  City,  Denver 


The  Pickles  and 
Table  Condiments 
Prepared  by 

The  Williams  Bros.  Co. 
Detroit,  Michigan 
Are  the  Very  Best 
For  Sale  by  the 
Wholesale  and 
Retail  Trade  all  over  the 
United  States 


The  Hell  maun 

Brewing  Company 


LAGER   BEER 
Ales  and  Porter 


Waterbury,  Conn. 


CONVENIENCE!  ECONOMY  I  PURITY  I 

Are    REASONS    why    you    should    use 


BORDEN'S 


EAGLE  BRANID 
CONDENSED  MILK 


PEERLESS  BRAND 

EVAPORATED  MILK 

(Unsweetened) 


IN  ALL  RECIPES  REQUIRING  MILK  OR  CREAM 

RECIPE  BOOK  BY  MAIL 

BORDEN'S  CONDENSED  MILK  CO. 

Established  1857  "Leaders  of  Quality"  NEW  YORK 


*e 


igiiizea  oy 


926 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


\  The  Venr  Best  Edge  Tools  Hade  in  America  \ 


nONC  IKTrER  MADE  AMYWHERC 
IN  THE  WORLD 

For  Carpenters,  Coopers,  Ship  Builders,  Coach 
Makers,  Turners,  Butchers,  Pump  Makers,  Wood 
Carvers,  Etc.,  the  most  complete  and  extensive 
line  of  strictly  fine  and  superior  edge  tools 
made  in  this  country. 

For  Sale  by  Rrst-dass  Hardware  Dcalen 

If  your  dealer  does  not  keep  them  and  refuses 
to  order  them,  send  to  us  for  catalogue,  not 
failing  to  mention  what  kind  of  tools  you  use, 
as  we  issue  separate  catalogues,  and  state  where 
you  saw  this  "ad." 


Mack  &  Co. 

Brown  Race» 
ROCHESTER^N.Y. 


208  MILL  STREET 
ROCHESTER 


N.  Y. 


HERRT  F.LOEWER,Ptes.lcG<n.Hgr.;  WH.U)EWER,TKuara 
FRED  S.  LOEWER.VIct-Ptts.:GEO.  F.  SCHELTER.  SccmUit 


ROCHESTER 
LAST 
WORKS 


The  J.  H.  WILLIAMS  CO. 

D.  C.  MURRAY,  Pres.        F.  B.  HART,  Secy,  and  Treas, 
Established  I83o. 

Utica,  New  York. 


-Manufacturers  of- 


WILLIAMS'  STANDARD  WIRE  HEDDLES 
AND 

TEMPERED  STEEL  WIRE  HEDDLES 
—For  All  Kinds  of  Plain  and  Fancy  Weaves— 

IRON   or   WOOD    END    HARNESS   FRAMES, 

POWER  LOOM  SHUTTLES,  REEDS, 

BOBBINS.  SPOOLS,  &c.,  &c. 


Tit  0«r  M«w  Hand  Thr^adiBtf  Sh«tU« 
Bmmt  in  thm  Market 


The  Pfaudler  Co.    \ 

llochester,  N.  Y.  j 


Enamelled  Steel  Tanks  for 
Brewers,  Distilleries,  Etc. 


\^^ 


Digitized  by 


^ttogtr 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


927 


The  Clothing,  Furnishings  and  Hats 
Made  arid  Sold  by 

Browning,  King  &  Company 

All  Bear  this  Trade-mark 


These  are  their  Retail  Stores: 

I  Broadway,  at  Thirty-second  Street 
New  York-<  Cooper  Square,  opposite  Fifth  Street 

t  Brooklyn,  Fulton  Street,  at  DeKalb 
Chicago,  191  and  193  State  Street 
St.  Louis,  Broadway  and  Pine  Street 
Milwaukee,  2  to  12  Grand  Avenue 
Cleveland,  85  and  87  Euclid  Avenue 
Cincinnati,  Fifth  and  Race  Streets 
Buffalo,  571  to  575  Main  Street 
Boston,  407  to  41 1  Washington  Street 
Providence,  Westminster  and  Eddy  Streets 
Philadelphia,  1 524  and  1 526  Chestnut  Street 
Kansas  City,  Mo.,  Main  and  Eleventh  Streets 
St.  Paul,  Seventh  and  Robert  Streets 
Minneapolis,  415  to  419  Nicollet  Avenue 
Omaha,  Fifteenth  and  Douglas  Streets 

WORKSHOPS: 

16, 18,  20,  22,  24,  26  Cooper  Square,  New  York  City 


HERMAN  P.  GOEBEL 
^ttornegatHato 


Rooms  910-911 

Mercantile  Library  Building 

CINCINNATI,  OHIO 


Standard 
Mill  Supply  Co. 

Manufacturers  and  Dealers  in 

GENERAL 

MILL 

SUPPLIES 


39  Exchange  Place 

PROVIDENCE,  RHODE  ISLAND 


COMPLIMENTS  OF 


Worcester  Brewing 
Corporation 

Brewers  of   the    Celebrated 

Worcester  Sunshine  Ale 
Worcester  Porter  and 
Worcester   Lager  Beer 


WORCESTER 


•    •    •    MASS. 

Diyi[LLUUvt^OOr?I(^ 


928 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


BARBAROSSA 

A  Beer  0/  unsurpassed 
lyidlity  dnd  fldvor 


"the  aame 


isd^udrdntee 
of  purity. 


Brewcd«jndJBottledby 

theChbistian  Moerlein  Brewing  Co. 

CINCINNATI.  0.  U.S.A. 


<*»r^tct  tmi 


HtA      rnT«« 


aho  H^^n^  moi*  EA-PhA  Pt*vi 


H<l«»iB    fll-H 


'Wtfkg  vrr  •»»^rBT  »ift  t*ti 


"PRISCO" 

Lanterns  Light  The  World 


^.Nt    '  IMCKTM"  •iOM*. 


h.^L   ■wawcM  AMB  CONK. 


•  OJIO  *!,*•«  rOM  tMMTIMa 


lii  p4w  llnftCt  ON  ObOM  HATC 


CANNOT  BLOW  OUT. 


Money  Back  if  Not 
Satisfied  :    :    :    : 


The  Pritchard-Strong  Co. 

.  Rochester,  N-  Y.,  U.  S.  L 


The  Washingfton  Loan  and  Trust  Company 

CASH  CAPITAL.  $1,000,000  SURPLUS.  $600,000 

9  BANKING  DEPARTMENT  Pavi  interest  on  droonU  tubiect  to  check.  Loan*  money  upon  approved  real  estate  and  collateral  tecuiitT  at  ibe 
Lowest  RAtea  ol  Intereat.  QTRUST  DEPARTMENT  Executes  tntsts.  acts  as  Executor  and  Administcator  and  Reoistiar.  CoaunittBe  aad 
Trustee.  Q  SAFE  DEPOSIT  DEPARTMENT  RenU  Safe  Depodt  Boxes,  and  provides  storage  for  Silverware  and  Valuables  in  its  Fire  sod 
BurcUr  Proof  Vstulta.  Q  REAL  ESTATE  DEPARTMENT  Takea  Entire  Chnrce  of  Real  Eatate.  Rentbg.  Repairing.  Seffiat. 
and  hflutinf  Property.  Paying  Taxes.  Etc..  carefuUy  and  prompdy  attended  to  by  experienced  men. 


nnna       ...      .    _ 
Letters  of  Credit.    Trevellers'  Checka  and 

JOHN  JOY  EDSON 


I  on  Foreign  Countriea  lasued. 


Digitized  by 


Gioogie 


President 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


929 


T«l«9k«m«  4650  CoitUnd 


GENUINE 

Rosendale  Cement 


MANUFACTURED  BY 


Consolidated  Rosendale  Cement  Co. 

F.  N.  STRANAHAN,  Sales  Agent 
26  Cortland  Street,  New  York  City 


LINEN  COLLARS 

and  CUFP5 

ARB  STAMPED 

••Warranted  Linen" 

ARE    VOURS? 


Union  Men  Should  Use  High-Grade 
"UNION-MADE" 

SMOKING  TOBACCO 

That  bears  the  **Union  Label" 
"EDGEWORTH"— Plug  Slice 
*'OBOID'— Granulated  Plug 
"SENSIBLE"— Sliced-Plug 

S'anted'"  b^'^         ^HE  VERY  BEST 


Rossendale-Reddaway   Belting 
%  Hose  Co        -        NewarK,  N.  J. 


THECAMELf(RFj«W""°5!!S 


Sole  Pfana&ctiurers  in  United  SUtes  of 
The  ''Camel"  Hair  Belt 


laTTUDIHiOlli 


Guaranteed  under  the 
Pure  Food  and  Drug^s 
Act,  June  30,   1906. 

BO-rXUED    IIM    BOND 

Joel   B.   Frazior  Whiskey 


BONNIE:  BROS.t  Inc. 

Distillers 

I^otiieville,  cilfM^^OOgle 


930 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Life  Insurance  for  Horses 

Use  NEVERSLIP 
Calks    and  Shoes 

A  sharp  shed  horse  in  20  minutes.    For 

icy  streets,  and  where  you  want  a 

horse  when  you  want  him, 

it  is 

^THEONLYWAY'^ 

Up  any  hill,  around  any  corner.   No 
cut  across  with  the  horse  shod 

NEVERSLIP  WAY 

You  get  there  every  time,  and  on  time 
Ask  your  shoer 

NEVERSLIP  MFG.  CO. 

New  Brunswick^  N«  ]. 
MONTREAL  CHICAGO 


JenkinsBros.  Valves 


Are  all  made  of  high-grade 
steam  metal,  have  inter- 
changeable parts  and  full 
opening. 

Dur  new  EXTRA  HEAVY 
valves  for  high  steam  and 
hydraulic  pressures  are  the 
heaviest  valves  of  this  class 
on  the  market. 


All  Valv«a   Bearing    otir   Trad««marlK 

WRITE  FOR  BOOKLETS 

JENKINS  BROTHERS 

New  York    Boston    Philadelphia    ChicaRo    London 


Rhode  Island 
Perkins  Horseshoe  Company 


Manufacturers  of 


PerKins'  Pattern  Horse 

and  Mole  Shoes 

and  Toe  CalKs 


^^^— ^^v 


Providence,     -     Rhode  Island 


WALK    EASY-RKST    YOUR    NERVES 

ProUmf  yonr  11  ft  by  uslnc 

''Eatywalker'*  Rubber  Hecb 

Patent  attaehnMnt.  Attached  in  flva  miantea.  Sel4 
by  all  Finders  and  Shoemaken.  Get  the  gcnsiae. 
Kam«  "Easy  Walker"  moalded  on  Um  faeeef  cTery 
heel.  Look  for  the  Steel  Holding  Plate.  !)ec  heif  ta« 
gam  is  anchored  on  the  hoUow  aide  of  the  b«rl. 

Mannfteinred  by  Springfield  Eiittic  Trud  Co., 
14-18  North  Meclianic  St.,  Springfield.  Okie. 


t^'- 


4 


See  spring  ^  steel  holding  plate. 


UNION  LABEL 
of  th« 


"^fGlSTEB^^ 


UNITED 
HAHERS 


OP    NORTH    AMERICA. 

WHEN  you  are  buying  a  PUR  HAT.  either  loft  or  sdff, 
^  see  to  it  thit  the  Genuine  Union  Label  U  sewed  la  A 
The  Genuine  Union  Label  is  perforated  on  the  four  edns 
exactly  the  same  as  a  postage  stamp.  If  a  retailer  lbs 
loose  labels  In  his  possession  and  offers  to  put  one  In  a  hsi 
for  you,  do  not  patronize  him.  Loose  labels  In  retail  stores 
are  counterfeits.  Unpnndpled  manufacturers  are  oslni 
them  in  order  to  get  rid  of  their  scab-made  hats.  Tbi 
lohn  B.  Stetson  Co.,  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Is  a '~ 


JOHN  A.  MOmrr,  PneUMit. 
MARTIN  LAWLOR,  SecreUry,  Orange,  N.  J. 

II  WftTerly  Place,  New  Terk  City. 
Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  931 


MALTOID  FLAKE  MALT 

( Patented) 


The  Patent 
CEREALS 
COMPANY 

G  E  N  E  V  A,  N.  Y. 
BREWERS'  MEAL  GRITS 


To  the  Public 

the  purchase  of  a  piano  is  one  of  the  most  difficult  problems  to  solve.  Reading  the  advertisements 
of  different  makers  only  adds  to  the  puzzle,  as  many  of  them  claim  to  make  the  best  piano.  How 
can  a  layman  decide  for  and  satisfy  himself  that  he  is  obtaining  the  best  value  for  his  money?  His 
only  safeguard  will  be  to  depend  upon  the  record  and  reputation  of  a  particular  make,  regardless 
of  blaring  announcements. 

Abraham  Lincoln  once  said:  '*  You  can  not  fool  all  the  people  all  the  time.*'  The  truth  of  this 
assertion  has  been  positively  demonstrated  by  the  Steinway  Piano,  which  has  stood  in  the  limelight 
of  publicity  for  over  fifty-three  years,  and  to  the  possession  of  which  at  the  present  time  122,000 
satisfied  purchasers  point  with  pride  and  affection.  The  public  could  not  have  been  fooled  contin- 
uously for  over  half  a  century,  and  this  vast  army  of  patrons  certainly  would  not  have  invested 
upwards  of  One  Hundred  Million  Dollars  in  Steinway  Pianos  unless  they  were  convinced  that 
the  Steinway  is  the  best  piano  and  that  one  can  not  go  wrong  in  buying  a 

Steinway 

Steinway  Pianos  can  be  bought  from  any  authorized  Steinway 
dealer  at  New  York  prices,  with  cost  of  transportation  added. 

Illustrated  catalogue  and  the  little  booklet,  "The  Triumph  of  the 
Vertegrand,"  sent  on  request  and  mention  of  this  magazine. 

STSINMTAY  A  SONS,  Steinwar  Hall 

viRTEQRAND,  FRicE  $800  107  WkEkA  109  Eftst  14tH  S4.,  N«iHr  Yovlc 


Pigifi^Q^  by 


GooQk 


946 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


BILLIARD  and  POOL  TABLES 

BAR  FIXTURES 

BOWLING  ALLEYS 

ALL  OUR  GOODS  ARE  MADE  BY 

SKILLED  UNION  MEN 

and  bear  the 

UNION  LABEL 


4, 


The 

BnukswicK-BalKe-CoUender 

Company 

tXl'tn  FOVITH  AYKiroi 
N«w  TmrK  City 


This  is  the  Label  of  the 

Journeymen  Tailors'  Union 
of  America 


When  you  purchase  Custom 
Made  Clothing  insist  on  having 
this  Label  attached  to  each  gar- 
ment. 

JOHN  B.  LENNON, 

General  Secretary. 


POWER  SERVICE 


You  can't  write  letters  and  shovel  coal  at  the 
same  time.  You  can't  give  proper  attention  to 
the  important  details  of  your  business  and  at  the 
same  time  be  annoyed  by  the  petty  troubles  of  a 
private  power  plant. 

You  can  sell  us  your  products  cheaper  than  we 
can  make  them — ^we  can  sell  you  Electric  Power 
for  less  money  than  it  costs  you  to  generate  it. 

If  your  power  plant  is  located  in  Philadelphia, 
we  will  make  all  preliminary  tests  and  estimates 
free  of  charge.     May  we  serve  you? 

The  Pbiladel|>bia  Electric  Co. 

Tenth  and  Cbe»tn€it  8treet» 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST  933 


Smoke 

WHITE  ROLLS  CIGARETTES 


The  only  Independent  Union-Made  Cigarettes 
made  in  Virginia  or  North  Carolina 


WARE-KRAMER  TOBACCO  COMPANY 

Norfolk,  Va. 


Is  Your  Street  Paved  ? 

qif  it  isn't,  don't  you  want  the  Comfort  .a  Good 
Street  Pavement  will  give  You  ? 

q  Talk  with  your  Neighbors  about  it  and  then — 

QAsk  the  proper  officials  to  pave  it  with 

BITULITHIC— it  is  more  Durable,*  more 
Pleasing  and  THE  BEST. 

SOUTHERN  BITULITHIC  COMPANY 

NASHVILLE.  TENN. 


Diyiliz-ed  by 


Google 


948 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


JUSTUS  VON  LEN6ERKE,  PrttidMt. 


0.  W.  SHAFFER,  S«c*y  and  Stn.  Mffr. 

If  you  are  not  in  favor  of  tbe  "  Powder  Trust" 
buy  your  dynamite  and  blasting  supplies  of  tbe 


ERNST  DEmOLO.TrMMrar. 


NATIONAL    POWDER    COMPANY 
353  FIFTH  AVE.  NEW  YORK  CITY 


*yank£g-  RatetUiScrtw Driver  with  Jinger  turn  OH  blad€. 


•  Yamkm^  Aulowtatic  DriU  with  MagOMintfor  DriU BrinU, 


•YANKEE* 
TOOLS 


are  the  newest,  cleverest  tnd 
most  satisfactory  in  nse^and 
the  first  to  be  offered  at  so 
reasonable  a  prfoe  that  every 
up-to-date  mechanic  eovld 
buy  tools  of  their  qoaUty  and 
character. 

Other  tools  are  very  tooi 
tools,  but  •'Yanl^ee'*  Tooli 
are  better. 

*« Yankee'*  Tools  are  sold 
t^aU  leadin^dealers  In  tools 
and  hardware  everywhers. 
Ask  your  dealer  ti> 


•KoMbtf**  Rtd^roeoHmgDrmftr  IPMtfer  JItel. 


OUR  "YANKEE'*  TOOL  BOOK 
TELLS  ALL  ABOUT  THESE  AND 
SOME  OTHERS,  AND  IS  MAILED 
FREE  ON  APPLICATION  TO— 


fiopfeh  BMeP^  H&DQfcctoiimg  (!omp&D j, 


Lehigh  Avenue  and  American  Street, 


PHILADELPHIA. 


Fk  *  r^      nPf  /^  JAMES  THOMAS,  PnaU  ROWLAND  T.  DA71S,  fh9-Pmi 

Danes  &  Thomas  Co.         ^''H'&^Mfi.^x^ 


EORN  A  THOMAS,  Oio'lAttnU, 
HMvemiyerBuUdini, 

26  CortUndt  St.,  JVew  York. 

N.  T.  TtkpbOBB  4061  CortUBdt 
CMUsMuqaa,  Ttltpbottt  iiSi 


Foundry  and 
Machine  Works 


CATASAUQUA.PA. 


C  A.  WILLEY  COMPANY 
Color  Grinders 

—     AND    -     -- 


MANUFACTURERS    OF 

Specialtxes  in  Carriage  and  Car  Paints^ 
G)lors»  Etc* 

Nott  and  Vemoa  Avenues 
Hunter's  Point,       -       NEV  YORK  CITY. 


BERR.Y  BROTHERS 

LIMITED 
ESTABLISHED  1868 

Manufacturers  of  every  grade  of 

Varnish  and  Japan 

FOR  EVERY  USE  KNOWN 
New  Ysrk      Philsdslphis        Chlcif  o  St.  Uils 

t«(  MAUI  tT.        «•-§•  "O.  4TM  VT.        4a*t0  LAKB  %t.  tit  tO.  4TII  tT, 

Boston  Bsltimore        Cinclnniti      St n  Franclice 

SM  ATLANTIC  AVE.    M  ••  HAMOVm  IT.  ♦€•  «*•«  tT.  —  HOVAM  it. 

FACTORY  AND  MAIN  OFHGE,  DETROIT 

Canadian  Pactoryt  Walkervlllc|  Oni»-^  ^^  ^^T  ^ 

qitizedbvVjOOQIg 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


949 


HAVE  YOU  GOT  IT? 

If  not 

Get  the  Habit 


''Special  Order"  or  Made-to-Measure  Clothing  Bears  this  Label 


READY-MADE   CLOTHING,  SHIRTS,  OVERALLS 

WHITE  DUCK  GOODS  AND  APRONS 

BEAR  THIS  LABEL 


ISSUID  SV 


If  Union-Made  the  Label  Should  be  in  the  Pocket  of  Each 
Garment  Sewed  in  by  Machine 


UNITED  GARMENT  WORKERS 
OF  AMERICA 


U 6-1 17  BIBLE  HOUSE 


NEW  YORK 

Digitized  by  CjOO^L 


950  AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Smoke 

WHITE  ROLLS  CIGARETTES 


The  only  Independent  Union-Made  Cigarenes 
made  in  Virginia  or  North  Carolina 


WARE-KRAMER  TOBACCO  COMPANY 

Norfolk,  Va. 


Is  Your  Street  Paved  ? 

q  If  it  isn't,  don't  you  want  the  Comfort  a  Good 
Street  Pavement  will  give  You  ? 

q  Talk  with  your  Neighbors  about  it  and  then — 

QAsk  the  proper  officials  to  pave  it  with 

BITULITHIC— it  is  more  Durable,' more 
Pleasing  and  THE  BEST. 

SOUTHERN  BITULITHIC  COMPANY 

NASHVILLE,  TENN. 

DiyiliAHd  by  VjOO^LC 


AMERICA  N  FED  ERA  TIONIST 


95 1 


COLUMBUS  VARNISHES 

Arc  good  Varnishes  for  carriage  work, 
interior  and  exterior  house  work,  fur- 
niture work,  agricultural  work,  and 
where  good  Varnishes  are  required. 

ALWAYS      THE     SAME. 

The  Colnmbtts  Varnish  Co. 

COLUMBUS,  OHIO. 


TWO  USEFUL  AND  ECONOMICAL  HOUSEHOLD  ARTICLES 

HeaUaad 
LichUanjr 
Room  At 
Cost  of 
Licht  Only 

Perfect  com- 

butlion,    no 

blue     gat 

WMte;  but  kygenic,  odorlev.  deanly. 


. Of 

CircaUrt  frae. 


Fki  aapr  gu  fixture.  Mritkout  duiger< 
QUI  lubber  tube  '^ 

(lcAleiB.$1.23. 
Agent*  wantecL 

So  thoroughly  good  for  . 
and  polkhing.  and  M>  cheap  CO 
to  whole  Chamois  tkini  — Evonr 
careful  housekeeper  wants  them. 
Doalera,  2Sc..  or  if  necessary  w^ 
send  on  receipt  of  pnoe.  Twentieth 
G«nturyMff.Co..l9Warr«nSt.N.Y. 


THE  PRATT 

Positive  Drive  Driii  Chuck 

Get  Our 
Explanatory  Booklet 


THE  PRATT  CHUCK  CO. 

FIAHKFOKT.  M.  T. 

European  Agents.  ScHg,  Sonnenthal  &  Co. 
85  Queen  victoria  St.,  London,  England. 


The  Peoples  Security  Co. 

CAPITAL,  $200,000 

This  Company  is  organized  and  incorporated  for  the 

sole  purpose  of  affording  Full  Legal  Protection  to  the 

members  of  Organized   Labor  collectively   and  as 

Individuals. 

PROVIDES 

General  Counsel  to  Local  Unions,  Etc. 

Legal  Advice  furnished  members  and  their  families  with- 
out charge. 

Claims  for  Personal  Injury. 

Identifleation  In  Case  of  Accident  by  providing  a  Badge 

and  Identification  Card,  insuring  prompt  attention. 

FOR  ONE  DOLLAR  A  YEAR 

Irtt^wiy-ChaBkrs  lilMlig,        277  IrM^wiy,  flew  Ytrk 
Telephones  3I80-3I8I  Franklin 


Can  we 
renlly    brini;  TOU 
a  !iub«ta{itial  ln4:re.i<4e 
in  e^rtijng's? 
Joi5l  TUB-d  the  followtnj;: 
During  the  iASt  two  y^nrs  over 
7,3fX)  students  havetWutfyfl *-//>- re- 
ported to  o^  advance  meat  )d  pt>?^{- 
tlon   and    siiiary.      Thi»   is    a   very 
¥irnftJl  percept Hjje  of  tUe  wtiolc  num'ju^r 
wriom  we  liEive  helped:  but  to  this  snmll 
peircentiuze  wi;  haw  broui^ht  Increased 
salaries  amDuntin^^  tu  over  faor  miblloti 
dollars— to  be  more  t^xnct.  f4^Sr>5.6O0.    You 
CAD  IniASiine  the  i-nttrmpus  Mtnount  broushl 
Ui  our  entire  fitLidcnt  body. 

Are  you  (rctthi(?  your  sJiore  ot  tb?se  mfl- 
liOTis?  Are  ynu  wjillnB'  to  rtidke  li  alli^hL 
effort  to  secure  it? 

It  requires    onty  a   silfi^ht   efToit.       The 

simpEe  markinc  land  mailinB' oi  the  coupon 

below  will  brln^  i^'oii  full  exphinuHoti  of 

the  ^alary-raisFni;  plan  oi  an  institution 

whose  sole  bu,'^iiie&s    for  16  years  haa 

been  to  rafse  the  salaries  of   dmbC- 

tiDus  workers.     H  you  renlh'  want 

io  tnt^renise  vour  sfllary  we  can 

fell     you    thr     surei!i.t,    eastest* 

and    quieke*^      wtiy     In     the 

world  fci  tin  '^a  if  yoa  wiU 

aarb  and  mail  ihia 

C  D  CI  p  D  n 
NOW. 


Intemational  Correspondence  Schools 

Box  844.  SCRAMTOlf .  PA. 

Please  explain,  without  further  obligation  on  my  part,  how  I  can 

quality  lor  a  larger  salary  and  advancement  to  the 

position  before  which  I  have  marked  X. 


Bookkeeper 
Btenoffrapher 
Advertlaement  Writer 
Bhow-Card  Writer 
Window  Trimmer 
Mechanical  Draftsman 
Ornamental  Dealffner 
Illustrator 
Civil  Service 
ChemlBt 

Textile  Mill  Bupt. 
Frenotl    )  With  Edison 
Bpnnlsh  \  Phonograph 


Xleotriotan 
Bleotrlcal  Bnglneer 
Bleotrlo-Iitchtlnc  Bupt. 
Meotaanloal  Xncineer 
Surveyor 

Stationary  Xnglneer 
Civil  Xnffineer 
BuUdinc  Contractor 
ArohlteotunU  Draftsman 
Arotaltect 

Structural  Bmrlneer 
Foreman  Plumber 
Mlniug  Engiuecr 


Name  _ 


Street  and  Xo.. 
City 


byL^oogie 


952 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


in- Made 
Cereals 


EGG-O-SEE  and  E.  C.  CORN  Flakes  are 
Union  Labor  products,  made  under  clean  and 
wholesome    conditions.        We    are  the    only       \ 
Cereal    Company    in    the    World    using    the  i 

above  Union  Label  on  all  oiir  packages. 
This  fact  should  appeal  strongly  to  every 
loyal  Union  worker* 


EGG-O-SEE  CEREAL  COMPANY 
CHICAGO.  U.S.  A. 

UrgGit  Manufaclurcrsi  of  Flaked  C^rcils  \n  the  WorM 


INDEX  TO  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


CONTENTS  OF  MAGAZINE,  PAGE  956. 


Amertoan  Chicle  Company.. 


Page                                                   L 
,..    947       Lamed  Carter  Company , 


Page 
..Second  Cover 


Baeder,  Adamson  Company » 1012 

Banner  Baking  Powder  Company 1006 

Barker  Brand  Collars -..  1018 

Berry  Brothers 948 

Bemnelmer  dt  Schwartz -« « 1011 

Blgney,  S.  O ^^ ^ 1012 

Birmingham  Railway  Company 044 

Bonnie  Brothers 1018 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers*  Union 1010 

Brotherhood  Qlove  Company 942 

Bmnswick-Balke-Collender  Company .^   946 


Mackay  Treatment  Company 942 

Mail  Poach  Tobacco Fonrth  Cover 

May  Manton  Pattern  Company 1008 

McCreery  A  Company 1008 

McLanghlln  A  Company 964 

McCabe  Maunfacturing  Company lOlO 

Mengel  Box  Company loil 

Michigan  State  Telephone  Company 964 

Morse  Twist  Drill  and  Machine  Company ^ 948 

Mandy,  J.  S 1010 

Maralo  Company 944 


Oapewell  Horse  Nail  Company Fourth  Cover 

Chattanooga  Brewing  Comj>any 1011 

Chicago  Pneumatic  Tool  Company 1016 

_      -  _  .  .  ^  ...  _  jQjg 

....  1016 
...  1018 

Z'l002 
....  961 


Cleveland  Twist  Drill  Company 

OloUi  Hat  and  Cap  Makers 

Oonaolidated  Rosendale  Cement  Company.. 

Ooea-Coia « 

Crockett  Company,  David  B 

Oolambns  Varnish  Company...... ^ 


Davles  A  Thomas 948 

Detroit  Leather  Specialty  Company 948 

Dill,  J.  G 1004 


Edgecombe  Company 946 

'•Edgeworth/'  "Oboid"  and  **Senslble"  Tobacco 1018 

Eggert  A  Bro.,Chas.  H 1014 

Egg-0-8ee  Cereal  Company 962 

Elgin  National  Watch  Company 1016 

Emerson  Drag  Company »..  1016 


Fleiachmann*s  Teast 

Fraser  Lnbrlcator  Company.. 


Oarlock  Packing  Company.... 

Garment  Workers,  United. 

Globe  Tobacco  Company 

Goodyear  Lumber  Company.. 


941 
1012 


1010 

1011 
1012 


Narragansett  Brew.  Company Fourth  Cover 

National  Powder  Company 948 

Neversllp  Manufacturfng  Company 1014 

New  York  Beltins  A  Packing  Company 944 

North  Brothers  Manuflustnring  Company 948 


Ohio  Tool  Company 1004 


Peninsular  Tool  Company <» 1014 

People's  Security  Company 961 

Philadelphia  Electric  Company.....,.,. 946 

Pompelan  Manufkcturing  Company... 964 

Pratt  Chuck  Company .« „„.... 961 

Prentiss  Vise  Company 1010 

Prudential  Life  Insurance  Company 946 


Reading  Hardware  Company 1016 

Ked  Star  Yeast  Company ., 964 

Reed  A  Bamett  (Park  Avenue  Hotel) 1006 

Rossendale-Reddaway  Belting  Company. 1018 

Royal  Baking  Powder  Company » 1001 

Rupperi,  J .« 944 

Rubberset  Brush  Company 946 


Sandusky  Tool  Company 946 

Safety  Insulated  Wire  Company 1016 

Scriven  Company,  J.  A 948 

Siegel-Cooper  Company Third  Cover 

Southern  Bltulithic  Company... 960 

Springfield  Elastic  Tread  Company 1011 

Sweet-Orr  &  Company ...^....Third  Cover 


Hatters,  United ^ 1014 

Hartdt  Crouse  Company :  1010 

Hoffhian,  Geo.  W lOll 

Hunter  Rye  Whiskey 1007 

I 

Independent  Salt  Company 1008 

International  Correspondence  School 961 


Jarvls,  BeAjamin  £ 946 


Tailors,  Journeymen 

The  20th  Century  Manuftusturlng 


Company.. 


946 
961 


Kennedy,  David,  Dr. 1006        

Kltohel,  S,  B........ 1007      Wright  A  Taylor 

(968) 


Union  Collar  Company 1014 

Underwood  Typewriter  Company 947 

United  States  Rubber  Company 942 

W 

Ware-Kramer  Tobacco  Company....! 950 

Whitman  A  Barnes  Manuflusturlng  Company 947 

Willey  Company,  C.  A 948 

Winsfow  Soothing  Syrup 1016 

Wood  Mpnic  Flooring  Company ^ 946 

■ -gitized-bytiiOGK"  ^^O* 


954 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Red  Star 


COnPRBSSBD 


Yeast 


Co. 


nilwaukee, 

Wis. 


Michigan  State  Telephone 
Company 

General  Offices    -    Detroit,  Mich. 


OPERATES  AND  CONNECTS  WITH 

400  EXCHANGES  IN 
MICHIGAN 

I18»674  SUBSCRIBERS 
WITHIN  THE  STATE 

ALSO    CONNECTS    WITH    ALL    CITIES 

AND    TOWNS   IN    THE    UNITED 

STATES  BY  DIRECT  WIRE. 


I 
I 


GOOD  SERVICE 
AND  REASONABLE  RATES 


APPLY  TO  ANY  MANAGER  FOR 
INFORMATION. 


J 


After  your  day's  work 

NOTHING  is  MORE  REFRESHING 
THAN  A  FACIAL  MASSAGE  with 


Pompeian 
Massage  Cream 


3T  REMOVES  imbedded  pore-dirt  and 
grease  that  toap  cannot  reach — and  in 
addition  it  increaica  the  blood  circula- 
tion, relaxes  the  mutclet,  and  makes  the 
flesh  firm  and  the  complexion  clear. 
Q^Do  not  allow  your  druggist  to  sell  jrou 
an  imiution  nor  let  your  barber  use  a  sub- 
stitute. Imiutions  do  not  do  the  work, 
and  may  do  harm.  Look  for  the  trade 
mark  on  the  bottle  and  see  that  the  word 
Pompeian  is  there. 
^Send/or /res  sample. 


The  Pompeian  Mfg  Company 


98  Prospect  Street 


Oerdand,  Ohio 


McLaug'Hlin^sXXXX  Coffee 


Popular  for  Its 

Real  Goodness  and 

Keasonalile  Price 


ROASTED  RIGHT 


UNION  LABOR 


^  Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 
V9.  F,  Mcl^AUGHLIN  A  COMPANY,  CHICAGO,  11*1,, 


American  Federationist 

SAMUEL  OOMPERS,  Editor 
Official  Magazine  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 

1907 

Contents  for  December. 

Orientals  in  Vancouver 957 

By  ERNEST  CAWCROFT. 

Trade  Unionism  in  Europe 959 

By  HANS  FEHLINOBR. 

President  Gomper's  Report 962 

To  the  Twenty-Seventh  Annual  Convention  of  the 
A.  F.  of  L. ,  at  Norfolk,  Va. 

What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing  •  .  .  .  986 
Extracts  from  Oklahoma  Constitution  .  .  .  995 
A  Golf  Skirt         .........        997 

By  THEODORA  BLISS. 

Review  of  '^The  American  Idea"     ....        998 

By  LIZZIE  M.  HOLMES. 

Official .999 

Financial  Statement Digitized  by  ©QftDglc 


UNION  LABEL  BULLETIN. 

limed  bjr  tha  Amerieui  Faderalioo  of  Labor  June,  1906. 


Cnft^Wi» 


FiiiiiHial Labor.    Alc^toMMnvL 

DEMAND  THE  UNION  LABEL. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


DEVOTED  TO  THE  INTERESTS  AND  VOIOINO  THE  DEMANDS  Or  THC 
TR/VDE  UNION  MOVEMENT 


VoL  XIV. 


DECEMBER,  1907. 


No.  12 


Orientals  in  Vancouver. 


By  Ernest  Cawcroft. 


THE  writer  was  a  visitor  in  the  city 
of  Vancouver  during  that  day  in 
the  middle  of  last  December  that 
the  Empress  of  India  discharged 
on  the  shores  of  British  Columbia 
her  human  cargo  of  Hindus,  East  Indian 
Coolies,  and  Japanese,  ^hus  he  saw  the 
beginnings  of  the  situation  and  he  observed 
the  basis  of  the  feeling  which  culminated 
in  the  radical  events  which  followed.  It  was 
his  displeasure  to  observe  these  homeless, 
wandering  specimens  of  the  Oriental  races 
practically  living  on  the  streets  of  Van- 
couver. Even  in  December  the  roses  bloom 
in  Vancouver,  thanks  to  the  warmth  of  the 
Japanese  current  which  flanks  the  Pacific 
Coast;  but  it  was  none  the  less  evident 
that  these  thinly-dressed  representatives  of 
climes  that  are  warm  the  year  round  were 
in  no  fit  condition  to  survive  in  the  streets 
of  Western  Canada.  Ostracized  by  the 
white  workers  of  that  region,  ridiculed  in 
the  streets,  refused  admission  to  third-class 
hostleries,  their  condition  was  altogether 
pitiable. 

The  bringing  in  of  this  shipload  of  900 
Oriental  wanderers  precipitated  the  racial 
conflict  in  Vancouver  during  December 
last.  That  the  Provincial  and  Dominion 
Governments  appreciated  the    gravity  of 


the  situation  from  the  outset  was  demon- 
strated to  the  mind  of  the  writer  when  he 
boarded  the  Atlantic  Express  to  return  to 
the  East,  finding  that  Mr.  E.  Blake  Robers- 
ton  a  representative  of  the  Ottawa  Govern- 
ment, who  had  reached  Vancouver  when 
the  Empress  of  India  arrived,  was  to  return 
on  the  same  train  to  report  to  his  supe- 
riors. • 

Now,  in  order  to  gain  an  insight  into  the 
real  motive  of  this  racial  movement  it  is 
necessary  to  recall  some  details  of  the  last 
25  year's  history  of  that  portion  of  the 
Pacific  Coast.  British  Columbia  is  one  of 
the  richest  domains  of  the  British  Empire 
and  the  largest  province  in  the  Dominion 
of  Canada.  The  promoters  of  the  Can- 
adian confederation  realized  that  it  was 
essential  to  unite  British  Columbia  with 
the  other  provinces  in  the  confederation  in 
order  to  a  assure  a  Pacific  outlet  for  the 
products  of  the  boundless  west.  The 
pioneers  of  British  Columbia  assented  to 
the  arrangement  and  as  a  part  of  the  coii- 
sideration  it  was  understood  that  the  Gov- 
ernment was  to  promote  the  building  of  a 
transcontinental  line  to  terminate  on  Van- 
couver Island,  the  present  site  of  the  city  by 
that  name.  The  Canadian  Pacific  arrived 
in  Vancouver  in  1887,  and  thereafter  the 


(967) 


Digitized  by  V^OOQlC 


938 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


trails  through  the  forests  of  British  Colum- 
bia soon  assumed  the  shape  of  village 
streets.  This  was  the  beginning  of  the 
city  which  in  20  years  has  increased  to 
70,000  population. 

Twenty  years  ago  Hastings  street  was  a 
mere  footpath  through  the  forest;  today 
it  is  the  avenue  of  the  trolley,  the  coaching 
party,  and  the  automobile.  Fifteen  years 
ago  the  fishing  smacks  of  the  early  pioneers, 
half-breeds,  and  a  few  Indians  occupied  the 
Vancouver  water  front;  today  the  docks 
accommodate  the  ships  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific  from  Japan,  New  Zealand,  Australia, 
and  the  ports  of  India.  These  trains  and 
these  ships  are  exchanging  the  valuable 
minerals,  timber,  furs,  and  agricultural 
products  of  British  Columbia  for  the  en- 
gines, rice,  trolley  cars,  and  ornaments  of 
the  Orient  and  Occident.  In  the  wake  of 
this  agricultural  and  industrial  transforma- 
tion have  come  racial  and  economic  prob- 
lems of  a  disturbing  nature. 

These  are  problems  of  prosperity;  these 
are  racial  questions  which  spring  not  from 
a  lack  of  opportunity  but  from  an  excess 
of  it.  Vancouver  is  the  commercial  metrop- 
olis of  British  Columbia  and  the  situation 
which  is  approaching  a  climax  in  that  city 
exists  in  a  degree  in  every  other  part  of 
the  province.  Attracted  by  the  immense 
opportunities  for  every  line  of  productive 
effort,  the  ambitious  white  men  of  all 
climes  have  gone  and  are  going  to  British 
Columbia.  Lumbering,  salmon  fishing, 
railroad  projecting,  coal  mining,  and  a 
hundred  other  enterprises  based  upon  the 
riches  of  the  soil  and  waters  of  British 
Columbia,  occupy  the  time  and  talents  of 
the  ambitious  settlers  from  all  parts  of  the 
earth. 

What,  then,  is  the  result  of  this  devoted 
effort  to  develop  the  natural  riches  of 
British  Columbia?  The  consequences  are 
the  natural  and  expected  ones.  Servile  labor 
is  considered  beneath  the  attention  of  the 
white  man,  and  even  the  white  woman  in 
Vancouver;  a  white  man  who  will  consent 
to  become  the  coachman  of  another  white 
mm  is  recjarded  as  being  weak  in  body  or 
mind  and  perhaps  defective  in  both;  while 
the  diflSculty  of  securing  and  retaining  do- 
mestic servant?  increases  from  year  to  year. 
And,  as  the  diflSculty  gradually  passes  into 
impossibility,  the  men  and  women  who  are 
tapping  the  virgin  riches  of  this  new  prov- 
ince, more  and  more  demand  help  about 


their  homes  and  staUes.  As  a  matter  of 
fact,  every  white  woman  expects  to  have 
servants  in  the  house  in  Vancouver  just  as 
they  do  in  the  West  Indies.  But  when 
there  are  rich  timber  and  mineral  lands  to 
tap  at  one's  very  doors,  when  there  is  a 
province  at  hand  as  large  as  an  European 
empire,  whose  resources  will  simply  be 
scratched  after  the  coming  century  of  labor, 
it  is  not  surprising  that  the  men  and  womem 
assert  the  resolute  spirit  of  independence 
which  has  characterized  the  Anglo-Saxons 
whenever  and  wherever  economic  and 
political  freedom  have  been  combined. 

But  it  will  occur  to  the  mind  of  the 
reader  to  wonder  where  the  women  play  a 
part  in  the  development  of  timber  and  min- 
eral lands.  The  part  of  the  young  women 
of  Vancouver  and  British  Columbia  is  to 
marry  the  men  who  are  developing  those 
natural  resources.  Young  men  have  flocked 
and  will  continue  to  flock  into  British  Co- 
lumbia from  every  section  of  the  British 
Empire  as  well  as  from  the  United  States. 
So  many  opportunities  await  them  on  every 
hand,*and  the  difficulty  of  obtaining  house- 
hold help  is  so  pressing  that  the  young  men 
manifest  a  greater  tendency  to  marry  than 
in  the  older  cities  of  the  East  and  the  mother 
country. 

But  what  have  these  timber  resources,  this 
increased  tendency  to  marry  the  blooming 
girls  of  British  Columbia,  and  this  wealth 
of  natural  opportunities,  to  do  with  the 
Oriental  problem  ?  These  fortunate  condi- 
tions, as  outlined  in  the  preceding  para- 
graphs, are  the  foundation  of  the  racial 
problem.  The  demand  for  help  of  all  kinds 
has  been  steadily  increasing  throughout 
British  Columbia.  The  refusal  of  white 
men  to  accept  positions  regarded  as  servile, 
and  the  constant  tendency  of  wages  for 
even  unskilled  labor  to  increase,  led  to  the 
suggestion  that  the  East  Indian  Coolies, 
the  Hindus,  and  the  Japs,  should  be  im- 
ported to  act  as  gardeners,  domestic  serv- 
ants, to  work  in  the  fruit  orchards  of  the 
KoDtenay  district,  and  to  become  jack-of-all 
trades  about  the  house  and  farm.  This  was 
the  suggestion  which  was  broached  because 
of  the  necessities  of  British  Columbia's 
prosperity. 

The  Canadian  Pacific  Railroad  was  will- 
ing to  meet  the  demands  of  the  people. 
Both  the  railroad  and  the  lumber  companies 
were  short  of  help  to  work  about  the  com- 
missary departments  where  thousands  of 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


T.iADE  UNIONISM  IN  EUROPE 


959 


workers  were  employed  in  making'railway 
extensions  or  opening  forest  tracts.  Thus, 
it  needed  but  little  urging  to  lead  the  In- 
dian coolies,  the  Hindus,  and  the  Japs  to 
swarm  into  Victoria  and  Vancouver,  to  move 
along  the  lines  of  the  Canadian  Pacific,  to 
walk  to  the  fruit  farms  of  the  southern  por- 
tion of  the  province,  and  to  swarm  over 
every  region  that  contained  a  hint  of  a  job. 
These  people  are  good  waiters,  and  they 
have  a  certain  sense  of  Confucian  faithful- 
ness. But  they  are  lacking  in  initiative 
and  power  of  origination,  as  the  people 
of  Vancpuver  have  learned.  Many,  too, 
are  addicted  to  the  secret  vices  of  the  Far 
East;  and  while  they  aided  in  solving  the 
coachman  and  domestic  servant  problems, 
they  have  brought  in  their  train  far  more 
serious  questions,  which  can  only  be  settled 
by  the  elimination  of  these  people  from  the 
life  of  the  Canadian  West. 

Once  the  domestic  servant  problem  was 
alleviated,  it  dawned  upon  the  people  of 
British  Columbia  that  they  had  added  to 
their  diflSculties.  The  churches  realized 
that  they  had  been  the  unwitting  partners 
in  a  movement  which  finally  culminated  in 
the  introduction  of  Oriental  women  into 
the  lumber  camps  of  the  province  for  ques- 
tionable purposes;  the  labor  unions  soon 
saw  that  they  had  allowed  the  importation 
of  peoples  whose  vices  are  even  on  a  frugal 
basis,  and  whose  imitative  qualities-  and 
small  cost  of  living  placed  them  in  a  posi- 
tion to  menace  the  wage  scale  of  every  city 
in  Christendom;  and  the  merchants  appre- 
ciated thattheintroduction  of  hordes  of  low- 
waged  Orientals  would  mean  an  end  to  that 
mercantile  prosperity  which  is  evident  to 
even  the  casual  observer  on  the  streets  of 
Vancouver.  The  capitalists,  too,  soon  saw 
that  it  was  to  their  interest  to  aid  in  main- 


taining a  white  man's  couuiry,  becaubc 
the  unretarded  influx  of  Orientals  would 
take  the  value  out  of  their  large  real  estate 
holdings. 

Then  came  the  trouble  in  San  Francisco; 
relying  upon  the  treaty  relations  between 
the  Empire  of  Japan  and  Canada,  the  Japs 
turned  their  feet  to  the  open  ports  of  the 
North;  the  Hindus  continued  to  come, 
because  as  British  subjects  they  had  the 
sarije  rights  as  a  minister  of  the  king;  and 
along  the  streets  of  Vancouver  there  pat- 
tered the  little  men  of  the  Mikado  and 
there  on  every  corner  the  sight-seer  ob- 
served the  flitting  movements  of  the  white- 
turbaned  men  of  Bombay.  They  sought 
admission  to  the  homes  and  schools,  they 
wanted  to  go  to  the  churches,  they  were 
willing  to  take  the  jobs  of  the  lumbermen; 
thus,  little  by  little,  their  very  presence, 
the  odor  of  their  passing,  became  a  blight 
and  menace  to  the  economic  and  spiritual 
happiness  of  the  people  of  Vancouver  and 
the  remainder  of  the  province. 

The  effort  to  solve  a  domestic  problem 
growing  out  of  an  abounding  prosperity  has 
resulted  in  a  necessary  effort  to  preserve 
the  Pacific  coast  as  a  white  man's  country. 

The  writer  predicts  that  there  is  no  solu- 
tion for  this  Vancouver  phase  of  the 
Oriental  menace  but  the  removal  or  exter- 
mination of  these  aliens.  Little  as  it  ac- 
cords with  our  Christian  conception  of  the 
brotherhood  of  all  races,  the  men  who 
have  moved  westward  to  enjoy  the  liberty, 
democracy,  and  opportunities  of  that  bound- 
less province,  are  not  going  to  tolerate  the 
presence  of  peoples  who  menace  the  insti- 
tutions and  morals  of  the  Occident,  even 
though  it  be  true  that  these  aliens  were 
brought  thither  because  of  the  then  very 
needs  of  British  Columbia. 


Trade  Unionism  in  Europe. 


By  Hans  Fehlinghr. 


Munich,  November §,  ^907. 

THE  European  trade  unions  have 
passed  through  many  trying  vicis- 
situdes, have  encountered  number- 
less difficulties,  have  surmounted 
many  obstacles,  and  have  made 
enormous  progress,  notwithstanding  all  the 
troubles  with  which  they  have  had  to  con- 


tend. They  are  now  strong  in  numbers, 
wealthy  in  funds  and  resources,  command- 
ing in  social  influence,  in  so  far  as  the  masses 
are  concerned,  and  a  dominant  force  in  the 
industrial  world.  All  this  has  been  accom- 
plished in  the  teeth  of  difficulties  which,  at 
times,  appeared  to  be  insurmountable,  in 
spite  of  opposition  the  most  formidable,  and 


960 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


of  legislative  enactments  which  were 
thought  to  be  absolutely  crushing  by  their 
multiplicity,  and  their  overwhelming  com- 
pulsion and  restraint. 

In  the  following  statistics  the  progress 
during  the  last  few  years  will  be  shown: 

In  Germany  the  membership  of  all  trade 
unions  increased  from  1,008,365  in  1901  to 
2,215,165  in  1906,  or  over  100  per  cent. 
The  unaffiliated  local  organizations  lost 
ground  and  the  national  trade  unions  made 
large  gains.  This  is  characteristic  of  the 
process  of  consolidatioti  now  going  on. 

In  Austria,  too,  there  has  been  rapid 
growth  of  trade  unionism.  The  number  of 
national  unions  rose  from  36  in  1901  to  49 
in  1906,  while  the  number  of  district  organ- 
izations during  the  same  period  declined 
from  266  to  89.  The  membership  of  all 
unions  was  119.050  in  1901  and  448,270  in 
1906.  The  largest  number  of  members  are 
in  the  metal  trades  and  the  building  and 
transport  trades  follow. 

In  the  United  Kingdom  of  Great  Britain 
and  Ireland  the  number  of  trade  unions  at 
the  end  of  1905  was  1,136,  with  a  total 
membership  of  1,887,823.  This  member- 
ship shows  an  increase  of  I.3  per  cent 
compared  with  1904, but  a  decrease  of  2. 7  per 
cent  compared  with  the  highest  recorded 
membership  (that  for  1901).  Compared 
with  I896  there  was  an  increase  of  over  25 
per  cent.  In  1906  and  1907  most  of  the 
British  unions  grew  in  membership,  espe- 
cially the  textile  workers,  the  miners,  the 
railway  servants,  the  machinists,  ship- 
builders, etc.,  so  that  the  number  of  organ- 
ized workmen  in  the  United  Kingdom  is  at 
present  about  2,000,000. 

The  development  of  trade  unions  in 
France  is  illustrated  by  the  figures  below: 


Year. 


1901 
1902. 
1903. 
1904 
1905. 
1906. 


Number  of 
trade  anions. 


3»287 
3,679 
3,934 
4,227 
4,625 
4,900 


Membership. 

588.832 

614,173 
643,757 
715,576 
781,344 
836,134 


These  figures  are  taken  from  the  Gov- 
ernment ''Annuaire  des  Syndicats."  But 
they  are  certainly  too  high,  because  the 
French  Board  of  Trade  counts  as  trade 
union    any  society   organized   under    the 


Waldeck-Rousseau  law  of  I884.  Such  is 
the  case  of  the  blackleg  association  called 
**yellow  syndicates."  .  It  is  supposed  that: 
out  of  the  836,000  members  given  in  the 
'*Anuuaire  des  Syndicats"  there  are  at 
least  150,000  of  these  people;  this  would 
leave  nearly  690,000  members  to  real  trade 
unions.  The  organizations  affiliated  to 
the  French  federation  of  labor  paid  io 
May,  1906,  per  capita  tax  for  203,273 
members.  The  largest  French  trade  unions 
are  those  of  the  transport  trades,  while  the 
unions  in  the  metal,  mining,  and  textile 
trades  are  next  in  point  of  membership; 
the  building  trades  have  the  largest  num- 
ber of  organizations. 

In  Italy  the  membership  of  trade  unions 
decreased  from  240.689  in  1902  to  204,271 
in  1907.  Besides,  there  are  in  existence 
organizations  of  farm  laborers  which  had 
240,000  members  in  1902  and  221,913  mem- 
bers in  1906;  but  they  can  not  be  regarded 
as  trade  unions  proper. 

The  statistical  accounts  of  the  Swiss  trade 
unions  are  incomplete.  The  earliest  figures 
available  are  those  for  1904.  The  member- 
ship rose  from  41,862  in  that  year  to  about 
59,200  in  I9O6.  The  metal  trades  rank  first 
in  regard  to  aggregate  membership  (1 3,000) 
and  the  textile  trades  follow  (8,000). 

In  Hungary  the  period  from  1901  to 
1906  was  very  successful  for  organized 
labor.  At  the  end  of  1901  all  Hungarian 
trade  unions  had  9,999  members.  Their 
number  increased  to  15,270  in  1902  (53 
per  cent).  41,138  in  1903  (170  per  c^nt), 
53.169  in  1904  (29  per  cent),  71,173  in 
1905  (17  per  cent)  and  129.332  in  1906(31 
per  cent).  Of  all  trade  unionists  59,293  are 
in  the  city  of  Buda-Pesth.  Numerically  the 
strongest  organizations  are  the  agricultural 
laborers  (24,000),  the  bricklayers,  build- 
ing laborers,  etc.  (24.757),  and  the  iron 
and  metal  workers  (21,057). 

Trade  unionism  is  not  strong  in  Belgium. 
On  December  3I,  1905.  all  unions  had 
54.305  members,  of  which  total  34,806  be- 
longed to  the  so-called  independent  group* 
17,814  to  the  Catholic  group,  and  1,685  to 
the  liberal  group.  The  Dutch  trade  unions 
had  in  1907.  34.000  members.  In  Denmark 
the  labor  movement  remained  almost  sat- 
tionary  since  1901.  The  membership  of 
trade  unions  declined  from  96.479  in  1901 
to  90.111  in  1903,  and  rose  to  98,422  in 
1907.  On  December  31,  I906.  49  national 
and  1 2  local  unions  with  78,081  member} 
Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


TRADE  UNIONISM  IN  EUROPE  96i 

were  affiliated  to  the  Danish  Trade  Union  bers   in   October,    1903;    46.485    members 

Federation.    In  Sweden  trade  unions  grew  in   October,    1905;    and    36,557    members 

from   32,132   members  in    1900  to  91,279  in   March,    I9O6.      The   loss    in    the    six 

members  in  1903,  and  to  214,574  members  months  from  October,    1905,    to    March, 

iu  1907,  while  in   Norway   the   number  of  1906,  amounted  to  more  than  20  per  cent, 

organized  workmen  increased  from  16.000  Servia   had,    in    1905,    21  national  trade 

in  1903  to  33.965  in  1907.  unions  with  5,074  members,  Bulgaria  had 

Statistics  published  by  the  committee  of  eight  national  unions   with  4,700  and  121 

the   first   Russian   trade    unions    congress  local    trade  societies  with  3»600  members, 

show   that   652  unions  with  246,272  mem-  Some  trade  unions  are  known  to  exist  also 

bers  existed  in  Russia  in  1907.  in  Roumania.     Only  in  Portugal,  Greece, 

The  Spanish   federation  of  labor  (union  Montenegro   and   in   the    Osntan    Empire" 

general     de    .trabaj adores)      had     31»558  have  the  wage-earners  not  yet  attempted 

members  in  October,    1901;   46,574  mem-  to  organize  on  a  trade  union  basis. 


THE  TRAMP  OF  THE  TOILERS. 

•    By  Sherub  Woodman. 

*Tis  the  tramp  of  the  toilers — listen ! 
*Ti8  echoed  from  shore  to  shore; 

And  it  thrills  men's  hearts  with  wonder — 

That  sound  like  distant  thunder — 
Or  the  angry  ocean's  roar. 

'Tis  the  tramp  of  the  toilers — hear  it,  'Tis  the  tramp  of  the  toilers — never 

Ye  masters  of  mill  and  mine!  Hath  armies  till  now,  I  ween, 

Your  slaves  have  at  last  arisen;  Like  those  which  today  are  marching 

Escaped  from  toil's  gloomy  prison,  'Neath  the  azure  over-arching, 

They  question  your  '*  right  divine  !  "  In  a  cause  like  th*s,  been  seen. 

O  weary  and  toil-burdened  mothers! 
O  daughters,  sisters,  and  wives, 

Whose  forms  are  forever  bending 

O'er  labor  which  knows  no  ending — 
No  joy  in  your  sordid  lives. 

And  children,  who  never  knew  childhood.  List'  ve  to  the  tramp  of  the  toilers! 

Who. ne'er  have  found  time  to  play.  Redemption  is  drawing  nigh! 

And  e'en  are  deprived  of  learning,  A  glorified  tomorrow 

Because  ye  must  needs  be  earning  Shall  end  your  night  of  sorrow — 

The  pittance  your  masters  pay.  Its  promise  illumes  the  sky. 

O  men  in  the  sunshine  of  Fortune, 
O  women,  who  live  at  ease. 

Who  know  but  one  employment — 

To  seek  your  own  enjoyment — 
And  study  but  to  please. 

Hark,  ye  to  the  tramp  of  the  toilers,  Oh,  assist  them  to  gain  their  freedom, 

Its  meaning  to  understand;  To  usher  in  the  time 

Live  for  awhile  for  others —  Foretold  from  distant  ages. 

Your  sisters  and  your  brothers —  By  poets,  seers  and  sages. 

And  lend  them  a  helping  hand.  That  period  sublime. 

When  Justice  shall  have  dominion, 
And  Labor  come  into  his  own; 

When  the  whole  round  earth 

Shall  resound  with  mirth  C^  r\r\r\\o 

And  Right  shall  prevail  alone.  Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


962 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


President  Gompers'  Report. 


To  the  Twenty-seventh  Annual  Convention  of  the  American  Federation 

of  Labor  at  Norfolk,  Va. 


Fellow  Trade  Unionists:  In  obedience  to 
the  reqairements  of  our  laws,  I  submit  to  you  a  re- 
port upon  some  of  the  more  important  matters 
which  nave  transpired  since  our  last  convention. 
In  it  occurs'  such  suggestions  and  recommenda- 
tions which  to  my  mind  should  receive  your  earn- 
est consideration  and  action.  Of  course,  you  will 
appreciate  the  fact  that  it  is  impossible  in  an  an- 
nual report  such  as  this  to  deal  with  the  multifari- 
ous questions  which  have  transpired  and  the  action 
taken  thereon  during  the  entire  year.  In  the  prep- 
aration of  the  tentative  report  for  the  consideration 
of  the  Executive  Council,  I  have  endeavored  to 
have  it  include  the  more  detailed  transactions  in 
connection  with  our  movement  for  the  past  year. 
Nor  therein  is  it  possible  to  enumerate,  much  less 
comprehensively  report,  upon  the  thousand  and  one 
matters  of  importance,  perhaps  of  equal  import- 
ance, to  those  incorporated  in  the  report.  Inaeed, 
though  in  theSe  reports  and  in  the  American 
FEDERATIONIST  I  endeavored  to  publish  much  of 
the  thought  and  many  of  the  transactions  in  con- 
nection with  our  real  movement,  the  real  history 
exists  in  the  archives  of  our  offices  and  in  the 
memories  of  men.  It  awaits  the  coming  of  the  man 
who  will  record  and  interpret  for  all  time  the 
great  struggles  made,  the  prejudice,  the  ignor- 
ance, the  bigotry,  the  selfishness  with  which  labor 
has  had  to  contend,  and  the  antagonism  of  greed 
which  has  been  overcome;  the  glorious  achieve- 
ments which  have  dispelled  the  gloom  and  brought 
the  light  of  life  into  the  homes  of  the  toilers  and 
the  spirit  of  self-reliance,  unity  and  fraternity 
which  our  movement  has  engendered. 

When  the  true  historian  shall  present  to  the 
world  the  great  struggles  of  the  past  and  of  the 
present;  when  the  tinsel  and  false  coloring  shall 
have  been  removed  from  the  real  figures  and 
events,  there  will  be  revealed  to  mankind's  aston- 
ished gazed  the  continuous  struggle  of  labor 
against  tyranny,  brutality  and  injustice;  thestrug- 
gle  for  the  right,  for  humanitjr,  for  progress,  and 
for  civilization.  The  trade  unions  and  the  Federa- 
tion of  our  time  are  in  their  very  essence  the  con- 
tinuity of  the  historically  developed  progress  of 
labor  through  the  ages. 

We  who  are  engaged  in  the  battle  of  labor  to  se- 
cure its  rights  and  to  achieve  justice  for  all  our 
people  are  in  the  very  nature  of  things  too  much 
engrossed  in  the  performance  of  constantly  press- 
ing duty  to  be  enabled  to  write  its  story. 


We  meet  here  on  this  historic  ground,  where 
three  hundred  years  ago  the  first  permanent  settle- 
ment of  the  English-speaking  people  was  made.  It 
was  an  event  portentous  in  its  world-wide  influ- 
ence upon  progress  and  civilization.  It  has  a  mag- 
nificent lesson  for  the  men  of  labor.  The  trials  and 
tribulations  of  the  early  colonists  and  the  difficul- 
ties with  which  they  had  to  contend,  put  their 
endurance  and  forbearance  to  the  severest  tests. 
That  they  established  a  new  order  of  society,  main- 
taining the  largest  amount  of  individual  sovereignty 
consistent  with  interdependence  and  mutuiuity, 
should  prove  an  inspiration  to  us  to  strug^^Ie  on 
tenaciously  to  achieve  the  high  and  ennobling  as- 
pirations of  labor.  From  these  colonists  have  come 
the  men  who  with  immortal  inspiration  gave  to  the 
world  the  doctrines  and  principles  not  only  of  a 
new  and  independent  nation,  but  of  the  inherent 
and  inalienable  rights  of  man. 

We  meet  on  this  historic  ground  representing  the 
best  general  federated  labor  movement  in  the  world, 
a  movement  founded  upon  the  highest  principles 
of  justice,  right  and  humanity;  a  movement  which 
has  for  its  mission  not  only  the  uplifting  of  the  sub- 
merged, but  the  attainment  of  a  higher  and  better 
life  for  all;  a  movement  which  aims  to  make  the 
principles  of  the  Golden  Rule  and  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence  the  rule  of  conduct  of  onr 
everyday  lives. 

It  is  a  privilege  to  be  permitted  on  this  ground, 
made  sacred  by  such  historic  events,  and  at  this 
time,  commemorative  of  them  all,  to  meet  in  the 
highest  councils  of  labor;  to  devise  ways  and  means 
whereby  we  may  still  further  be  of  service  to  our 
fellows  now  and  for  the  future. 

To  this  convention,  representatives  of  America's 
toilers,  permit  me  to  extend  to  you  a  sincere  and 
a  hearty  welcome.  The  eyes  of  our  fellow-work- 
ers and  friends  are  directed  toward  our  delibera- 
tions and  actions.  The  labor  movement  of  oar 
country  represents  not  only  those  who  have  by 
membership  declared  their  comradeship  with  us, 
but  also  the  millions  who  by  force  of  circumstance 
momentarily  yield  their  advantage  of  organization 
and  fraternity,  and  yet  who  yearn,  hope,  and  pray 
that  our  legislation  may  be  wise  and  fruitful;  that 
its  influence  and  power  may  reach  and  protect 
them  so  that  they  may  become  brothers  and  sisters 
in  the  great  fraternity  of  labor. 

It  may  not  be  amiss  to  bear  in  mind  that  of  alt 
those  who  will  have  their  attention  difected  to 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


963 


this  convention,  none  will  be  more  keen  acd  alert 
than  those  who  are  either  our  open  or  covert  an- 
tagonists. The  so-called  National  Association  of 
Manufacturers  and  industrial  alliances,  and  'in- 
dustrial workers,"  with  their  Pinkerton  agencies, 
their  legal  Ivnxes  and  hirelings,  are  always  on  the 
qui  vive  and  crouching  to  take  advantage  of  and 
leap  upon  Ubor  for  any  mistake  which  it  may 
make.  They  will  distort,  misrepresent  and  exag- 
gerate it,  not  only  to  the  general  public,  but  to  our 
own  fellow- workers,  to  prejudice  both  against  us, 
our  movement  and  our  cause.  That  our  course, 
our  conduct  and  our  work  may  disappoint  and 
confound  them  and  bring  enlightenment  and  en- 
couragement to  our  fellows  and  our  friends,  is  my 
most  earnest  wish. 

AffUiaUd  Organizations  Exiending^The  I^aw  of 
Growth, 

During  the  last  fiscal  year  we  issued  from  the 
office  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  373  charters,  as  follows: 

International  unions 3 

State,  federations t 

City  central  bodies 72 

Local  trade  unions 204 

Federal  labor  unions 93 

Total 373 

We  have  now  affiliated  to  the  A.  F.  of  L.  the  fol- 
lowing: 

International  unions 117 

State  federations 37 

City  central  bodies 574 

Local  trade  and  federal  labor  unions..  661 

The  international  unions  are  made  up  of  approxi- 
mately 28, 500  local  unions. 

Of  course,  it  is  known  that  the  A.  P.  of  L. 
issues  charters  to  such  local  unions  only  of 
which  there  is  no  international  union  of  the 
trade  or  calling  in  existence.  It  must  also  be 
borne  in  mind  that  when  local  unions  are  organ- 
ized for  which  there  is  even  a  remote  kindred- 
ship  to  an  existing  international  union,  that  appli- 
cations to  us  for  charters  are  denied,  and  turned 
over  to  the  international  union  having  the  clearest 
jurisdiction.  It  is  of  greater  importance  to  add  to 
the  strength  of  an  international  union  than  to  have 
local  unions  directly  affiliated  to  the  A.  F.  of  L. 

The  secretaries  of  112  international  unions  report 
thst  they  have  issued  from  their  respective  organ- 
izations charters  to  2,948  newly  organized  unions 
daring  the  past  year.  There  has  been  an  increase 
in  the  membership  in  the  organizations  compris- 
ing our  federation  of  188,373  during  the  same 
period.  This  leaves  entirely  out  of  account  the 
40,000  members  of  the  brewery  workers,  formerly 
affiliated  to  our  federation. 

Our  state  federations,  and  particularly  our  city 
central  bodies,  have  increased  in  numbers,  power 
and  influence.  They  all  have  helped  in  the  fullest 
in  carrying  on  the  great  work  of  organizing  and 
aiding  in  the  common  uplift  of  all  our  people. 
Upon  them  we  must  largely  depend  in  enforcing 
the  decisions  and  policies  declared  by  the  conven- 
tions of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  It  is  with  pleasurable 
pride  that  it  can  be  stated  to  their  credit  that  now 
more  than  ever  exist  closer  fraternal  relations  and 
more  loyal  support  to  the  principles  and  purposes 
for  which  our  great  movement  stands. 


And  of  the  local  unions  of  affiliated  international 
unions  and  those  directly  attached  to  our  federa- 
tion, let  me  say  that  there  is  clearly  mm  if  est  the 
spirit  of  fraternity  and  solidarity;  the  faithful  ef- 
fort not  only,  to  initiate,  but  to  carry  to  its  fulfill- 
ment the  work  for  the  material,  moral,  political, 
and  social  ixnprovement  of  the  toilers  and  of  all 
our  people.  The  great  rank  and  file  of  organized 
labor  in  all  its  ramifications  are  earnestly  engaged 
in  the  movemefit  to  bring  betterment  and  light 
into  not  only  their  own  homes,  but  into  the  homes 
and  lives  of  all  In  the  tremendous  work  for 
progress,  brotherhood ,  and  civilization  in  which 
our  entire  movement  is  engaged,  none  appn  ciates 
more  than  do  I  the  great  debt  of  gratitude  we  owe 
to  the  rank  and  file  of  the  local  unions.  In  the 
last  analysis  it  must  be  realized  that  upon  the 
membership  of  the  local  unions  rests  the  responsi- 
bility for  the  success  and  perpetuity  of  our  move- 
ment. 

For  about  a  year  previous,  and  until  the  early 
part  of  1907,  there  was  a  slight  reaction  from  the 
growth  of  our  movement.  This  is  clearly  shown  in 
the  reports  made  to  the  Minneapolis  convention 
and  the  voting  strength  of  the  organizations  affili- 
ated. Pronl' reference  to  the  increased  membership 
and  voting  strength  this  year  it  will  be  seen  that 
there  has  been  a  decided  gain  in  organizations  and 
membership,  clearly  demonstrating  that  our  move- 
ment has  recovered,  and  is  again  moving  onward 
and  forward  for  the  more  thorough  organization 
of  our  fellow-workers. 

In  connection  with  this  it  may  be  well  to  call 
attention  to  the  fact  that  there  is  a  natural  law  of 
growth  in  the  labor  movement^  a  law  that  is  not 
generally  understood.  When  there  is  a  falling  off 
of  membership,  no  matter  how  slight,  our  oppo- 
nents point  to  it  with  satisfaction  as  an  indication 
of  disintegration  or  dissolution  of  the  labor  move- 
ment. The  unthinking  in  our  own  ranks  view  it 
with  alarm.  The  fact  of  the  matter  is  that  any 
temporary  falling  off  in  membership  is  due  largely 
to  the  failure  on  the  part  of  those  organizations  to 
adopt  the  means  by  which  the  members*  best  in- 
terests are  safeguarded.  After  all,  a  better  intelli- 
gence and  a  revived  spirit  of  workmen  soon  dem- 
onstrate the  necessity  of  organization  to  protect 
their  best  interest^,  and  they  soon  return  to  their 
Alma  Mater  of  the  labor  movement — the  trade 
union.  With  this  revived  spirit  the  enthusiasm 
penetrates  into  the  ranks  of  the  unorganized,  and 
these,  together  with  the  trend  of  events  in  in- 
dustry and  labor  conditions,  have  their  compelling 
force  upon  the  minds  of  the  wage-earners,  who,  in 
constantly  larger  numbers,  join  the  ranks  of  the 
grand  army  of  organized  labor,  to  make  common 
cause  for  the  protection  and  advancement  of  all 
the  wage-earners. 

Let  pessimists  and  opponents  take  unction  to 
their  souls  for  their  mastership  of  the  past.  The 
present  and  the  future  are  for  labor,  which  in  its 
organized,  federated  movement  will  stand  as  a 
protest  against  injustice  snd  wrong  toward  any  of 
our  fellow-men,  as  the  vanguard  to  proclaim  and 
achieve  the  rights  to  which  the  toilers,  the  masses, 
are  entitled. 

Directly  Affiliated  Local  Unions— Defense  Fund, 

We  have  had  most  excellent  results  attend  the 
trade  movements  of  the  local  unions  directly  affili- 
ated by  charter  to  the  A.  F.  of  L.    These  66t  locJiC 


964 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


unions,  coming  directly  under  the  supervision  of 
your  president,  are  a  constant  source  of  solicitude 
as  to  their  welfare.  By  persistent  efforts  their  in- 
terests have  been  protected  and  advanced.  It  is 
true  beyond  question  that  the  defense  fund  has 
been  a  potent  factor  in  securing  for  the  workers  to 
whom  I  have  referred  substantial  improvement  in 
their  wages,  h  )urs,  and  working  conditions.  It  is 
equally  true  that  by  the  timely  advice  given  them 
they  have  obtained  such  betterment  without  the 
necessity  of  a  cessation  of  work.  I  am  quite  confi- 
dent that  unless  the  greatest  possible  care  were 
constantly  exercised  the  defense  fund  would  not 
only  be  depleted,  but  impractical  and  often  un- 
necessary strikes  would  be  inaugurated,  resulting 
in  defeat  and  injury  to  the  workers  themselves. 
This  is  cited  as  applying  more  to  the  years  preced- 
ing the  one  just  closing.  There  is  a  better  concep- 
tion and  unaerstanding  among  the  members  of  our 
directly  affiliated  local  unions  that  their  interests 
will  neither  be  neglected  nor  frittered  away,  but 
will  be  safeguarded  by  the  best  advice  and  direc- 
tion which  experience  can  give;  that  at  all  times, 
when  necessary,  the  defense  fund  will  be  gener- 
ously at  their  disposal,  subject  only  to  such  limita- 
tions as  the  laws  provide. 

To  Federate  the  Organized, 

During  the  year  I  had  conferences  with  a  num- 
ber of  the  representatives  of  ofeanizations  which 
are  unaffiliated  to  the  A.  P.  of  L.,  among  them 
some  of  the  railroad  organizations,  the  bricklayers 
and  masons,  and  the  Western  Federation  of 
Miners.  It  has  been  my  aim  to  bring  these  organi- 
zations into  closer  relationship  with  the  A.  F.  of  I/. 

In  the  conference  with  the  representatives  of 
the  first-named  organizations  much  good  was  ac- 
complished and  cooperative  work  undertaken 
along  trade  union  lines  to  attain  justice  for  labor. 
In  interviews  with  the  representatives  of  the 
Western  Federation  of  Miners  many  erroneous  im- 
pressions regarding  the  A.  F.  of  L.  and  its  course 
toward  that  organization  were  removed  and  a 
clearer  understanding  established. 

We  should,  and  I  know  we  will,  make  every 
effort  not  simply  to  organize  the  unorganized  of 
our  fellow-workers,  but  to  bring  into  full  fellow- 
ship all  the  national  and  international  trade  unions 
of  America  in  the  family  of  trade  unions  under  the 
banner  of  the  A.  F.  of  L. 

Trade    Unions   Not  Rigid^Expand    With   In- 
dustry. 

In  previous  reports  which  I  have  had  the  honor 
to  submit  to  conventions  of  the  A.  F.  of  L. 
and  in  this,  attention  is  called  to  the  con- 
stantly changing  conditions  of  labor  which  are 
brought  about  by  the  introduction  of  new  machin- 
ery and  improved  tools  and  substitutes  for  old 
material,  with  the  division,  subdivision  and 
specialization  of  labor.  Our  movement,  in  order 
to  be  most  effective  for  the  protection  and  ad- 
vancement of  the  interests  of  labor,  must  recognize 
the  constant  recurrence  of  these  changes  in  in- 
dustry, meet  them  and  deal  with  them  in  the  most 
enlightened  and  comprehensive  manner. 

To  attempt  to  meet  these  conditions  without 
taking  into  account  our  existing  organ'zations  as 
they  are  now  formed;  to  attempt  to  institute  what 
some  are  pleased  to  term  industrial  organizations 
with  the  avowed  purpose  of   destroying  existing 


trade  unions,  is  not  only  foolhardy,  but  it  is  ruin- 
ous, aye,  almost  criminal. 

Trade  unions  are  not  rigid  organizations  which 
can  not  meet  new  conditions.  In  truth,  our  trade 
unions  are  flexible  and  are  constantly  solving  the 
trade  and  industrial  problems  confronting  them. 

The  constantly  increasing  claims  to  jurisdiction 
are  themselves  evidence  of  the  evolutionary  char- 
acter of  the  trade  unions,  which  endeavor  to  ex- 
pand their  membership  and  adapt  themselves  to 
the  various  branches  of  industry  under  their  juris- 
diction and  influence. 

Starting  from  the  first  principle  that  he  who 
works  as  a  wage-earner  is  entitled  to  the  protec- 
tion and  benefit  of  organization,  is  involved  the 
logical  development  of  organization — that  is,  local 
organizations  of  a  trade,  craft  or  industry  forming 
one  international  union,  and  where  there  are  a 
number  of  organizations  covering  various  branches 
of  one  industry,  they  not  only  co-operating  for 
their  common  good  but  eventually  developing  into 
one  amalgamated  body. 

To  attempt  prematurely  to  force  such  amalga- 
mation brings  reaction  and  failure  in  its  wake. 
We  have  evidence  of  a  number  of  international 
unions  which  started  ouc  and  continued  for  a 
number  of  years  to  have  jurisdiction  over  all 
branches  of  one  industry,  and  yet  in  time,  by 
mutual  consent  in  some  cases,  and  as  the  result  of 
contest  in  others,  they  divided  into  several  separate 
international  unions.  In  some  instances  there- 
after they  co-operated  with  each  other  with  the 
best  possible  results;  in  others,  the  contest  was 
continued. 

It  may  not  be  uninteresting  to  call  attention  to 
a  fact  of  recent  occurrence.  A  branch  of  the 
United  Garment  Workers  of  America,  known  as 
the  most  rampant  advocate  of  the  so-called  indus- 
trial form  of  organization,  has  undertaken  a  move- 
ment, no  matter  how  abortive,  for  the  formation 
of  an  international  union  of  its  own  branch  of  the 
trade.  Other  instances  of  the  same  character 
could  be  cited,  clearly  showing  that  the  advocates 
of  the  so-called  industrial  form  of  organization 
simply  use  it  as  a  subterfuge  to  cover  their  an- 
tagonism to  the  proper  development  and  the  full- 
est extension  of  the  trade  union  movement  on 
rational  and  natural  lines. 

With  all  the  responsibilities  devolving  upon  ns 
to  be  of  service  to  our  fellow  workers,  we  should 
not  only  organize  the  yet  unorganized,  inculcate 
the  spirit  of  unity,  fraternity  and  federation;  bat 
we  should  work  to  that  one  common  end  which 
shall  make  our  organized  labor  movement  the 
most  effective  to  advance  the  interests  of  the  toil- 
ing masses  of  our  country,  and  to  bring  encourage- 
ment and  hope,  light  and  success,  into  their  lives 
and  into  the  lives  of  those  dependent  upon  them. 

No  Wage  Reductions. 

In  my  reports  to  conventions,  beginning  at  Bos- 
ton, I  felt  it  incumbent  upon  me  to  press  home 
upon  the  attention  of  labor  the  economic  unsound- 
ness  of  the  old  school  of  political  economists  who 
advocated  the  assent  of  workmen  to  wage  redac- 
tions as  a  means  to  what  they  were  pleased  to  term 
the  way  out  of  an  industrial  reaction  orcridt. 
Not  alone  in  our  conventions,  but  in  the  gmther- 
ings  of  labor  generally.  **No  reduction  hi  wafCii** 
has  been  made  the  slogan  and  watchword.  Tint 
policy  has  had  its  beneficent  influence^  not  0Af 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONISr 


965 


upon  labor  but  upon  all  industry,  It  has  been  heard 
and  heeded;  at  no  time  has  it  had  greater  justifi- 
cation and  demonstration  of  its  effectiveness  than 
during  recent  months. 

Not  in  the  history  of  all  our  country 
has  there  been  what  has  been  termed 
a  shrinkage  of  values  so  great  as  within  a 
few  months  past.  The  shrinkage  occurred 
not  upon  actual,  tangible  values,  but  upon  in- 
flated or  watered  stocks  which  in  the  financial 
vernacular  are  termed  "values.'*  In  former  periods 
when  shrinkage  of  inflated  values  transpired,  its 
general  influence  upon  industry  was  almost  im- 
mediately to  affect  the  real  values  of  production, 
which  in  turn  were  forced  upon  the  toilers  in  the 
form  of  reductions  of  wages,  bringing  in  their 
wake  an  industrial  crisis  and  panic. 

It  is  due  to  the  determined  and  clean  cut  policy 
of  labor  of  our  country  that  our  princes  of  finance, 
despite  their  machinations,  could  not  influence 
employers  of  labor  to  hazard  an  attempt  at  wage 
reductions.  If  all  labor  will  unfalteringly  adhere 
to  the  determination  to  resist  any  and  all  reduc- 
tions in  wages,  we  shall  not  only  avoid  the  misery, 
poverty,  and  calamity  of  the  past,  but  we  shall 
teach  financiers,  employers,  and  economists  in  gen- 
eral a  new  philosophy  of  life  and  industry,  the 
magnificent  and  humane  influences  of  which  will 
live  for  all  time. 

To  achieve  success  we  must  more  thoroughly 
organize,  unite,  and  federate  our  fellow-workers. 
We  must  establish  more  fully  faith  in  ourselves  and 
confidence  in  each  other.stand  shoulder  to  shoulder 
amidst  stress  or  strife,  make  fraternity  the  princi- 
ple of  our  every-day  lives,  and  impress  upon  our 
fellow-workers  the  necessity  of  helping  to  bear 
each  other's  burdens. 

In  our  organized  effort  we  should  endeavor  to 
maintain  industrial  peace  by  trade  agreements 
with  employers.  These  agreements,  written  or 
verbal,  should  be  faithfully  kept.  We  should  use 
oar  best  influences  and  judgment  to  avoid  industrial 
conflicts  wherever  possible,  and  under  any  and  all 
circumstances  to  resist  to  the  uttermost  every  at- 
tempt to  reduce  wages. 

With  a  view  that  all  may  have  the  opportunity 
of  understanding  clearly  the  soundness  of  our  po- 
sition, a  restatement  of  it  here  may  not  be  out  of 
place.  I  can  not  express  it  better  than  by  quoting 
part  of  my  report  upon  the  subject  to  the  last  con- 
vention and  referring  you  to  my  previous  reports. 

**In  this  world  of  ours,  and  especially  in  our  own 
country,  with  the  wonderful  fertility  and  extent  of 
oar  land,  the  magnificent  ingenuity  of  our  people, 
and  particularly  the  tremendous  energy  and  indus- 
try of  our  workers,  there  should  not  oe  any  work- 
ers who  are  workless 

"Some  have  taken  unction  to  their  souls  and 
loudly  proclaimed  that  they  are  the  cause  for  the 
better  general  conditions  of  employment  of  the 
working  people  of  our  country.  Without  discuss- 
ing the  hypothesis  upon  which  they  base  these 
claims,  we  assert  and  emphatically  reaffirm  that 
whatever  improvement  in  a  material,  moral,  social, 
and  political  way  has  come  to  the  toiling  masses 
of  America,  is  due  to  their  own  efforts  in  Iheir 
more  thorough  organization,  their  higher  intelli- 
gence, and  their  positive  determination  to  aid  and 
stand  by  each  other  in  the  contention  and  struggles 
for  the  common  uplift. 

"It  was  but  a  few  years  ago  when  the  working 


Seople  of  our  country  were  confronted  with  a  con- 
ition  similar  to  that  which  was  previously  re- 
peatedly presented  to  the  toilers  in  similar  bitua- 
tions.  Had  we  acquiesced  or  consented  to  the  policy 
presented  us  by  the  representatives  of  the  captains 
of  industry,  we  would  have  experienced  all  the 
poverty,  misery,  and  suffering  incident  to  lack  of 
employment,  and  a  constantly  decreasing  oppor- 
tunity for  employment  resultant  from  reductions 
in  wages,  one  following  close  upon  the  other. 

"It  is  due  to  the  firm  and  unequivocal  declara- 
tion of  America's  organized  workers,  and  their 
positive  repetition  since,  that  wage  reductions  will 
be  resisted  to  the  uttermost,  that  we  have  averted 
the  usual  industrial  crisis  and  emerged  from  it 
with  a  greater  industrial  and  commercial  activity 
than  ever  before. 

"In  several  countries  the  people  are  confronted 
with  the  great  problem  of  an  immense  number  of 
unemployed  workers.  In  some  form  or  other  they 
are  endeavoring  to  ascertain  the  cause  and  to  find 
a  means  to  assuage  it.  Often  in  the  history  oi 
our  own  country  have  our  people  been  confronted 
with  the  same  problem. 

"If  we  adhere  firmly  to  the  policy,  establish  and 
maintain  it  as  a  fixed  principle  in  the  industrial 
affairs  of  America,  that  at  any  and  all  hazards  we 
will  resist  any  attempt  at  wage  reductions,  we 
shall  establish  not  only  a  new  economic  principle, 
but  a  new  philosophy  by  which  industrial  panics 
and  crises  will  be  obliterated,  and  we  shall  set  an 
example  for  the  whole  world  to  follow. 

"A  reduction  in  wages  compels  retrenchment  in 
the  household  economy  of  the  workmen  affected. 
In  other  words,  it  curtails  their  consuming  power 
which  necessarily  results  in  the  discbarge  from 
employment  of  those  workers  who  were  formerly 
employed  in  the  production  of  the  very  articles 
theretofore  used  and  consumed.  Then  follow  re- 
ductions in  wages,  resulting  as  in  the  first  instance; 
and  this  process  of  wage  reductions,  of  retrench- 
ment in  household  economies,  of  more  discharges 
from  employment  ensues,  bringing  in  its  wake 
poverty,  misery  and  suffering,  stagnation  and  an 
industrial  panic,  until  the  lowest  ebb  is  reached 
and  a  turn  in  the  industrial  tide  begins. 

"There  is  neither  economy  nor  wisdom,  iudg- 
ment  nor  humanity,  in  such  misconduct  ana  mis- 
conception of  industrial  affairs  or  duties.  And  if, 
perchance,  our  captains  of  industry  fail  to  profit 
by  the  lessons  and  experience  of  the  past,  then  at 
least  the  wage-earners  of  America  will  teach  the 
lesson  from  which  the  human  family  will  reap  un- 
told blessings. 

"It  is  not  presumed  that  all  of  Labor's  conten- 
tions and  struggles  can  result  in  immediate  victory; 
yet  none  can  dispute  that  every  justified  battle 
undertaken  by  Labor  has  been  fraught  with  ad- 
vantage, and  that  particularly  every  defensive 
struggle  of  Labor's  rights  has  had  a  potent  influ- 
ence to  check  deterioration  in  the  condition  of  the 
workers. 

"Employers  will  hesitate  long  before  inaugurat- 
ing an  industrial  struggle  when  they  are  conscious 
of  the  fact  that  the  toiling  masses  will  defend  any 
encroachment  upon  their  standard  of  life  against 
their  being  forced  back  from  the  position  they  now 
occupy  in  civilization. 

"If  labor  shall  resist  all  attempts  at  reduction  in 
wages,  some  battles  may  be  lost;  but  these  would 
be  reduced  to  a  minimum  in  the  same  degree  as  ilC 


966 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


is  clearly  anderstood  that  it  is  our  fimi  resolve 
that  we  will  rather  resist  and  lose  than  not  to  re- 
sist  at  all. 

**At  present  we  are  confronted  with  no  immedi- 
ate danger  or  threat  that  the  employers  of  labor 
contemplate  reductions  in  wages.  There  is  not 
now  even  an  excuse  for  such  a  course.  It,  there- 
fore, all  the  more  commends  itself  to  our  judgment 
that  during  this  year  of  comparative  industrial 
tranquility  and  more  general  employment  of  our 
people,  that  we  write  un  our  banners,  beside  the 
watchwords  and  slogans  which  have  carried  the 
toilers  along  the  road  of  progress  to  victory,  that 
which  for  ages  has  been  the  missing  word  in  our 
social  progress:  *No  reduction  in  wages  for  Amer- 
ican labor;  we  will  resist  to  the  uttermost.*  ** 

The  American  workmen,  in  return  for  their  serv- 
ices to  society,  demand  a  living  wage,  a  con- 
stantly growing  minimum  living  wage.  They  de- 
mand a  wage  which  shall  be  sufficient  to  maintain 
them  and  those  "dependent  upon  them  in  a  manner 
consistent  with  their  responsibilities  as  husbands, 
fathers,  men,  and  citizens.  Labor  demands  such 
a  living  wage  as  shall  make  secure  the  opportunity 
for  a  more  perfect  physical  and  mental  health  and 
growth  as  required  by  rational,  self-respecting 
human  beings  who  aspire  for  themselves  and  for 
all  humanity  to  a  higher,  a  better,  and  a  nobler 
life. 

We,  therefore,  demand  from  modern  society  a 
constantly  increasing  and  .larger  reward  as  the  re- 
sult of  our  labor  and  our  services  to  our  fellows. 
This  effort  must  not  be  retarded  by  the  machina- 
tions of  financiers  or  the  shortsightedness  and 
greed  of  industrial  captains.  Labor  demands  in 
the  interests  of  humanity  that  wages  shall  not  be 
reduced  or  the  American  standard  of  life  deteri- 
orated. 

Raise  Funds— Pay  Benefits— Perpetuate  Unionism. 

Again,  I  feel  it  my  duty  to  impress  upon  all  our 
unions  the  importance  of  providing  themselves 
with  funds  that  shall  stand  them  in  good  stead  in 
time  of  necessity,  to  provide  their  members  with 
the  means  to  sustain  themselves  and  their  families, 
not  only  during  strikes  and  lockouts,  but  also  to 
constantly  attain  a  greater  measure  of  justice  and 
right  for  labor  without  the  necessity  of  either 
strikes  or  lockouts.  And  further,  that  the  unions 
shall  be  of  material  assistance  to  the  workers  by 
the  payment  of  benefits,  not  as  a  matter  of  mere 
charity  and  sympathy,  but  of  acquired  right  to 
which  they  are  entitled  and  for  which  they  have 
contributed  in  the  form  of  dues. 

There  is  no  factor  so  potent  to  secure  the  just 
demands  of  labor  as  a  well-organized  union  with 
a  goodly  treasury. 

In  the  endeavor  to  secure  the  just  demands  of 
labor  without  a  strike  a  sense  of  justice  on  the 
part  of  employers  can  not  be  compared  to  a  well- 
organized  body  of  workmen  with  a  well-filled 
treasury,  nor  is  there  so  potent  an  influence  or 
power  to  prevent  a  lockout  as  labor  intelligently 
and  compactly  organized  and  prepared  to  defend 
its  rights. 

No  one  has  a  higher  appreciation  of  the  neces- 
sity of  cultivating  and  imbuing  in  our  fellow- 
unionists  the  spirit  of  self-reliance  and  the  princi- 
ple of  solidarity  than  I. 

Experience  has  demonstrated  beyond  peradven- 
ture  of  a  doubt  that  though  some  workmen,  thor- 


oughly imbued  with  the  determination  to  manfully 
uphold  the  rights  of  themselves  and  their  fellox^ 
workmen,  will  endure  the  severest  trials  of  povert) 
and  hunger  rather  than  sacrifice  the  principles  for 
which  they  stand,  the  spirit  and  independence  of 
the  mass  of  men  succumb  when  the  gaunt  figure 
of  hunger  stalks  across  their  thresh  hold.  If  we 
hope  and  expect  that  men  shall  assert  and  maio- 
tain  their  spirit  of  right  and  their  interests,  we 
must  have  the  foresight  so  to  conduct  the  affairs 
of  our  organizations  as  to  provide  at  least  bread— 
the  commonest  need  to  sustain  life. 

In  my  report  to  several  conventions,  and  partic- 
ularly in  that  made  at  Pittsburg,  this  subject  is 
fully  discussed  under  the  caption  of  ** Labor's  Key 
to  Growth,  Permanency,  and  Success. *'  The 
thought  and  recommendations  made  here  and  in 
that  report,  as  well  as  in  editorials  in  the  Ameri- 
can Fedbrationist,  are  commended  to  the  seri- 
ous and  thoughtful  consideration  of  our  fellow- 
'  unionists  and  particularly  to  the  conventions  of 
our  international  unions. 

After  all,  labor  can  not  place  its  entire  reliance 
upon  the  enthusiasm  of  its  men.  Paraphrasing  in 
old  adage,  it  is  a  truism  that  when  want  enters 
the  door  enthusiasm  flies  out  of  the  window.  Oar 
unions  should  establish  a  system  of  higher  does, 
and  greater  benefits  for  their  members.  They 
make  for  the  success  of  labor's  cause,  not  at  aoj 
one  particular  period  of  time,  but  day  by  day  ami 
year  by  year.  A  well-organized  union,  fortified 
with  labor's  ammunition,  a  well-filled  treasury, 
knows  no  halting,  suffers  no  defeat;  it  continually 
progresses  and  advances. 

Supply  and  Demand  No  Longer  Discussed, 

During  former  periods  of  industrial  crises  or 
trade  stagnation,  when  labor  complacently  acqui- 
esced in  wage  reductions,  the  political  economists 
of  the  day  proclaimed,  and  employers  generally 
followed  the  theory,  that  the  law  of  '*  supply  an- 1 
demand"  governed  all  things;  that  'Mabor  is  s 
commodity  to  be  bought  in  the  open  market,'*  and 
that  the  wages  paid  to  labor  were  of  necessity  con- 
trolled by  the  law  of  supply  and  demand. 

The  laborers  seemed  defenseless;  they  were 
compelled  to  abide  by  that  inexorable  so  called 
law,  cruelly  and  heartlessly  applied;  human 
hearts;  manhood,  womanhood,  chilahood.  with  all 
that  these  imply,  were  entirely  bereft  of  considera- 
tion. 

That  the  law  of  supply  and  demand  has  its  place 
in  nature  and  in  primitive,  natural  conditions,  no 
thinking  man  will  dispute;  but  when  we  realize 
what  science  has  done  and  what  progress  has  been 
made  to  overcome  the  primitive  conditions  of 
nature;  what  has  been  accomplished  in  machinery 
and  tools  of  labor,  in  the  means  of  transportation 
of  products  and  of  man,  the  means  of  transmission 
of  information  and  intelligence,  the  fact  becomes 
immediately  patent  that  man  has  made  nature 
conform  to  his  wants  and  that  the  original  con- 
ception of  the  law  of  supply  and  demand  has  been 
largely  overcome,  and  can  be  still  further  over- 
come by  intelligent,  comprehensive,  and  deter- 
mined action  of  the  wage-earners,  who  by  their 
associated  effort  shall  refuse  to  have  their  brain 
and  brawn,  their  hearts  and  the  hearts  of  those 
beloved  bv  them,  weighed  in  the  same  tot^  with 
the  side  of  a  hog  or  a  bushel  of  coal. 

In  connection  with  this  subject  yoor  fttlMtfta  » 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


967 


especiall J  called  to  the  fact  that  for  quite  a  period 
of  years  we  have  not  heard  the  claim  of  the  iaex- 
orability  of  the  law  of  supply  and  demand  dis- 
cussed, particularly  so  far  as  its  application  to 
labor  is  concerned.  1  have  looked  in  vain  for  now 
nearly  10  years  for  an  argument  to  be  made  on 
that  subject  by  the  old  school  of  political  econo- 
mists and  the  antagonists  to  labor.  .  It  may  even 
seem  strange  that  I  should  discuss  it  in  this  re- 
port, but  my  purpose  in  addressing  myself  to  this 
is  to  rivet  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  im- 
provement in  our  lives  and  in  our  homes  is  due  to 
the  organized  effort  of  the  working  people  of  our 
country  and  to  it  alone.  The  reason  for  the  ab- 
sence of  discussion  by  our  opponents  of  the  so- 
called  law  of  supply  and  demand  is  due  to  the  fact 
that  the  conditions  of  labor  have  gone  onward  and 
upward;  that  we  are  in  deadly  earnest  and  that  we 
shall  not  permit  ourselves  to  be  forced  backward 
or  downward.  Onward  and  upward  is  labor's 
watchword. 

Contemptible  Capitalist  Antagonism^It  Will  Not 
Avail, 

It  is  well  known  that  in  many  instances  there 
are  employers  and  employers*  associations  with 
which  the  unions  of  labor  live  in  terms  of  peace 
and  agreement.  Employers'  organizations  otsuch 
an  intelligent  character  are  not  only  welcome  but 
should  be  encouraged.  With  organized  labor  they 
can  not  only  work  toward  the  maintenance  of 
industrial  peace,  and  the  minimizing  of  industrial 
conflicts  with  the  attending  cessation  of  industry 
and  commerce,  but  by  their  combined  efforts  con- 
stantly render  themselves  more  independent  from 
the  trickery  and  machinations  of  the  so-called 
princes  of  finance. 

When,  in  1895,  the  National  Association  of  Man- 
ufacturers was  formed  it  had  a  defensible  purpose 
to  serve— that  of  promoting  trade,  commerce,  and 
markets  and  the  elimination  of  restrictions  and 
barriers.  With  the  advent  of  Mr.  Parry  as  its 
president  it  was  first  covertly  and  then  openly 
diverted  from  its  original  purpose,  and  became  an 
avowed  union-crushing  institution.  He  and  his 
successor,  Mr.  Post,  utilized  every  available  means 
to  carry  out  the  new  policy  of  union-baiting,  union- 
smashing.  Finding  the  citadel  of  unionism  firmly 
entrenched  in  the  hearts  and  minds  of  the  workers, 
they  were  repulsed  at  every  step  and  in  their  every 
move. 

And  now,  a  new  Roland  has  come  upon  the  field 
in  the  personage  of  their  successor,  Mr.  Van  Cleave. 
He  would  not  only  follow  the  old  line,  but  strike 
out  for  a  new  one.  He  recommended  to  his  last 
convention,  which  adopted  the  proposition,  that  a 
war  fund  of  a  million  and  a  hair  dollars  should  be 
raised,  which  is  to  be  devoted  to  what  was  enpho- 
niously  declared  "educational  "  purposes.  It  was 
not  difficult  to  discern,  and  circumstances  since 
have  demonstrated,  that  this  fund  is  to  be  devoted 
to  the  effort  to  weaken,  cripple,  and  destroy  the 
unions  of  labor;  the  unions  which  are  the  only 
means  of  defense  of  the  workers  from  the  cupidity 
and  greed  of  the  worst  elements  of  the  capitalist 
class;  the  only  means  by  which  the  working  peo- 
ple, the  wealth  producers  of  our  country  and  our 
time,  can  hope  to  secure  some  of  the  advantages  of 
advancing  civilization,  participate  in  the  progress, 
and  become  larger  sharers  of  the  wealth  which 
they  produce. 


I  am  reliably  informed  that  not  less  than  12,000 
secret  detective  agents  of  the  Pinkerton  and  other 
companies  are  constantly  in  the  pay  of  the  manu- 
facturers' associations  to  spy  upon  and  misrepre- 
sent the  doings  of  labor.  Are  tbeae  hireling 
character  assassins  to  be  the  principal  beneficiaries 
of  the  million  and  a  half  dollar  war  fund,  and  is 
the  fund  to  be  further  devoted  to  suits  at  law 
against  organized  labor  so  as  to  engage  our  organ- 
izations and  our  men  in  defensive  litigation,  and  to 
divert  us  from  the  imminent  and  important  work 
to  which  we  should  devote  our  t  me  and  whatever 
ability  with  which  we  may.  be  possessed  ?  Surely 
recent  events  justify  an  affirmative  answer. 

It  is  quite  true  that  the  make-up  of  the  manufac- 
turers' associations  is  not  only  of  a  comparatively 
small  class  of  employers  of  our  country,  but  it  is 
also  true  that  many  of  its  members  are  out  of  touch 
and  sympathy  with  the  policy  of  the  Van  Cleaves, 
Posts,  and  Parry s.  Several  resignations  from  mem- 
bership have  recently  occurred,  employers  send- 
ing to  me  copies  of  their  letters  of  resignation  and 
protest.  Yet  what  they  lack  in  membership  and 
calibre,  they  endeavor  to  make  up  by  attracting  to 
themselves  public  attention.  And  for  this  reason, 
and  this  alone,  do  they  receive  any  consideration 
at  our  hands. 

It  is  now  generally  recognized  that  the  labor 
movement  is  the  necessary  and  inevitable  out- 
growth of  industrial  conditions;  that  it  was  quite 
as  much  the  impelling  force  of  circumstances  as 
desire  which  brought  the  labor  movement  into  ex- 
istence.  The  toilers  have  recognized  that  the  ad- 
vantages they  now  enjoy  over  previous  periods 
were  not  brought  to  them  upon  a  silver  platter  or 
philanthropically  conceded  to  them 

Even  our  worst  antagonists  concede  that  the  or- 
ganizations of  labor  have  done  much  to  improve 
the  conditions  of  the  workers.  If  this  be  true, 
and  it  is  true,  then  to  the  unions  of  labor  belongs 
at  least  that  much  credit.  The  question  naturally 
arises,  if  the  work  of  union  labor  in  the  past  has 
been  of  a  beneficent  character,  in  what  regard  is 
the  labor  movement  of  today  more  at  fault  than 
that  very  movement  which  has  brought  this  bet- 
terment which  even  our  most  bitter  antagonists 
concede? 

Surely,  none  can  truthfully  assert  that  the  labor 
movement  of  today  is  less  intelligent,  less  humane, 
less  lawful,  than  formerly.  In  truth  the  observer 
must  concede  the  reverse. 

The  sum  total  of  Ubor's  offending  today  lies  in 
the  fact  that  by  our  larger  membership  and  in- 
creased intelligence  our  movement  has  become 
more  effective  in  gaining  for  our  fellow- workers 
the  rights  to  which  they  are  justly  entitled,  the 
elimination  of  the  wrongs  which  they  have  too 
long  borne  and  the  bright  prospect  for  the  fulfill- 
ment of  their  high  hopes  and  aspirations  in  the 
interests  of  humanity. 

There  is  nothing  for  which  our  movement  may 
declare,  there  is  no  action  which  it  may  take  fi  an 
effective  character  to  protect  and  promote  the  in- 
terests of  labor,  which  will  meet  with  the  approval 
of  labor's  opponents.  Only  after  success  has  at- 
tended our  efforts  and  some  of  our  demands  are 
established  and  in  full  operation,  whether  this  be 
by  law  or  by  agreement  with  emplovers,  and  the 
beneficence  of  these  measures  generally  recognized , 
will  the  clamor  of  ignorance,  greed,  and  bigotry 
be  silenced.    This  has  been  demonstrated  i@l$4^C 


968 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


pist;  the  future  will  justify  labor's  present  con- 
tention. 

It  has  been  truly  said  that  the  demands  of  labor 
are  usually  made  10  or  20  years  in  advance  of  their 
general  acquiescence  and  approval.  If  labor  but  goes 
on  in  the  even  tenor  of  its  way,  organizing  our  fel- 
low-workers, securing  for  them  more  time  and 
leisure  and  opportunity  for  their  education  and 
the  cultivatio  i  of  the  best  that  is  in  them,  press- 
ing home  upon  modern  society  the  rightful  claims 
which  are  ours,  we  shall  not.  only  improve  public 
opinion,  and  more  largely  ourselves  constitute 
that  public  opinio i,  but  we  shall  achieve  for  our- 
selves and  for  all  posterity  that  real  freedom,  jus- 
tice, progress,  and  humanity  of  which  poets  have 
sung,  philosophers  have  dreamed,  and  for  which 
labor  in  all  time  has  struggled,  and  which  it  is  the 
mission  of  labor  now  and  in  the  near  future  to 
establish. 

The  Union  Shop, 

Despite  the  fiercest  antagonism  of  the  ignor- 
ant and  sordid,  it  is  gratifying  to  know  that  agree- 
ments of  unions  with  employers  have  been  ex- 
tended, and  with  them  the  necessary  ** union  shop" 
as  the  best  and  most  effective  means  to  protect  and 
advance  the  interests  of  labor  as  well  as  faithfully 
to  carry  the  agreements  into  effect. 

A  trade  agreement  is  not  always  necessarily  a 
written  agreement;  indeed,  more  often  is  it  a  ver- 
bal or  oral  agreement  entered  into  between  unions 
and  emp'oyers,  depending  for  its  fulfillment  upon 
the  good  faith  of  both.  Our  movement  has  to  con- 
tend with  the  most  vicious,  greedy,  and  ignorant 
of  the  employers  upon  the  proposition  of  the  trade 
agreement.  V  a 'so  has  the  opposition  of  the  short- 
sighted as  well  as  of  that  malicious  element  which 
hides  behind  a  pretended  friendship  for  labor,  and 
ye  attacks,  denounces,  and  misrepresents  every 
effort  made  by  the  w  >rking  people  of  our  country 
when  they,  through  their  natural  organization, 
the  trade  union  movement,  undertake  any  action 
for  the  protection  of  their  rights  and  interests  and 
the  betterment  of  their  condition. 

In  modern  industry,  if  an  individual  workman 
enters  into  an  agreement  with  an  employer,  un- 
q  testionably  under  such  circumstances  he  is,  by 
his  very  helpless  condition,  not  a  free  agent,  but 
he  must  accept  whatever  conditions  the  employer 
may  impose. 

The  loss  of  individuality  and  power  of  the  work- 
man under  modern  industrial  development  is  re- 
gained by  all  using  their  collective  power  in 
association,  organization,  union,  and  federation. 
A  well-organized  union  with  ample  means,  with 
the  spirit  of  the  men  aroused  to  their  individual 
and  collective  rights,  has  the  influence  and  power 
to  compel  fair  and  reasonable  consideration  and 
concession  to  the  demands  upon  which  the  organ- 
ized entity  of  workmen  insist. 

A  strike  is  a  cessation  of  industry.  It  is  a  declara- 
tion in  itself  thaflEe  conditions  of  employment 
are  unsatisfactory,  and  that  new  conditions  are 
demanded  as  a  consideration  upon  which  industry 
shall  be  resumed. 

The  termination  of  a  strike  is  the  written  or 
verbal  agreement  to  which  I  have  referred. 

Agreements  are  also  reached,  and  in  an  over- 
whelming number  of  cases,  without  either  a  cessa- 
tion of  work  or  a  strike. 

With  that  portion  of  the  employers  hostile  to  the 


union  shop  and  to  the  trade  agreement,  we  shall 
have  little  or  no  difficulty  in  snccessfully  contend- 
ing. The  other  elements  of  antagonism  to  which  1 
have  referred,  despite  their  hypocritical  preten- 
sions, and  their  guerrilla  and  cowardly  tStorXs  to 
destroy  our  movement,  we  shall  overcome.  With 
our  mistaken  fellow-workers  we  can  bide  our  time, 
which  makes  more  converts  than  reason,  that  they 
will  ally  themselves  with  our  great  movement  and 
participate  in  the  splendid  advantages  which  it 
affords. 

With  some  regret  have  I  heard  several  men  in 
our  movement  repeating  the  false  designation  of 
the  union  shop,  as  the  opponents  to  our  movement 
call  it,  the  '*  closed  shop."  Those  who  are  hostile 
to  labor  cunningly  employ  the  term  *'  closed  shop  " 
for  a  union  shop  because  of  the  general  antipathy 
which  is  ordinarily  felt  toward  any  thin  )C  being 
closed,  and  with  the  specious  plea  that  the  so- 
called  "open  shop"  must  necessarily  be  the  op- 
portunity for  freedom.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  you  and 
I  and  any  intelligent  observer  know  that  the  nnioii 
'shop  is  open  to  all  workmen  who  perform  their 
duty,  and  that  they  participate  in  the  benefits  and 
advantages  of  the  improved  conditions  which  ■ 
union  shop  affords.  The  union  shop  implies  also 
duties  and  responsibilities.  This  is  incident  to  and 
the  corollary  of  all  human  institutions. 

In  our  country,  citizenship  implies  not  only 
rights  and  privileges;  it  also  imposes  duties  and 
obligations,  and  from  these  no  good  citizen  has  the 
right  to  claim  exemption. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  so-called  **open  shop" 
is  indeed  the  closed  shop,  closed  to  workmen  who 
have  the  intelligence  and  the  manhood  to  realize 
that  they,  acting  as  individuals,  can  not  hop«  for 
the  redress  of  a  wrong  or  the  attainment  of  a  ngbt. 
Men  who  understand  their  duty  to  themselves  and 
their  fellows,  unite  and  associate  for  the  better- 
ment of  their  conditions  and  to  secure  the  ri^fat 
and  the  justice  which  are  so  essentially  tbeirv 
We  have  the  right  to  expect  that  our  friends,  and 
particularly  our  own  men,  shall  speak  of  the  nnios 
shop  by  its  proper  name.  We  shall  persistently 
contend  for  it;  we  shall  achieve  it. 

Labor  Movement  in  Canada, 

It  has  been  our  purpose  to  aid  and  assist  to  the 
fullest  extent  of  our  movement  our  Canadian 
fellow-workmen.  \n  the  transaction  of  our  affairs 
we  have  regarded  them  as  being  part  and  parcel 
of  the  American  labor  movement  as  much  as  oar 
movement  is  part  and  parcel  of  theirs.  Geonrnph- 
ical  lines  have  in  .  no  way  interfered  wiUi  the 
fullest  development  of  fraternal  relations. 

Ignorant  or  prejudiced  opposition  to  the  benefi- 
cent work  of  the  labor  movement  finds  its  coonter- 
part  in  Canada  as  it  does  elsewhere.  In  Cansida  an 
expression  of  that  feeling  was  illustrated  in  a  bill 
by  Senator  McMillan,  the  purpose  of  which  was 
to  make  it  a  criminal  act  for  an^  i>er8on  not  ■ 
Canadian  or  a  British  subject  to  **  incite  worknea 
to  go  out  on  strike  in  Canada." 

Of  course,  it  is  well  known  to  those  who  partki- 
pate  in  our  movement  and  others  who  are  act 
hostile,  that  as  a  matter  of  fact  onr  iuiiooa«  cnr 
officers  and  our  representatives  do  not  ^ttBOitc** 
workmen  to  go  on  strike  either  in  tilt  IMtad 
States  or  in  Canada;  that  strikes  are  cnftenfli  Into 
by  workmen  of  their  own  volition  afltrlliigr  I 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


969 


selves  have  determined  upon  that  action  and  when 
no  other  recourse  is  open. 

The  men  of  labor  in  Canada  have  as  much 
right  to  conduct  their  own  affairs  as  have  any 
members  of  organized  labor  in  the  United  States. 
It  is  not  difficult,  however,  to  discern  that  if  such 
a  law  as  Senator  McMillan  proposed  were  possi- 
ble of  enactment,  any  aid  which  the  labor  men  of 
Canada  might  ask  of  the  United  States  trade 
unionists  to  go  there  and  give  would  be  construed 
as  an  act  to  * 'incite'*  other  workmen  in  Canada  to 
go  out  on  strike.  Organized  labor  of  Canada, 
true  to  its  own  interests  and  to  the  welfare  of  all 
the  people  of  the  Dominion,  as  well  as  justice  to< 
ward  the  labor  movement  of  the  United  States, 
protested  so  emphatically  that  Senator  McMillan's 
bill  was  killed  by  an  overwhelming  majority  in  the 
Senate,  and  hence  did  not  reach  the  House. 

In  summing  up  the  situation  Secretary  Draper, 
of  the  Dominion  Trades  and  Labor  Congress,  sub- 
stantially says: 

It  is  gratifying  that  the  labor  movement  in 
Canada  keeps  pace  with  the  progress  being  made 
in  the  United  States.  On  every  hand  labor  seems 
to  be  taking  a  larger  and  better  view  of  its  rights 
and  responsibilities,  with  a  consequent  increase  in 
the  number  of  those  who  unite  in  trade  unions 
with  their  fellow- workers  for  their  social  and 
economic  betterment.  For  many  years  the  develop- 
ment of  the  labor  movement  in  Canada  was  con- 
fined almost  entirely  to  eastern  Canada,  but 
within  the  last  three  years  the  west  has  sprung  to 
the  front,  and  today  no  finer  example  of  enthu- 
siastic work  for^the  strengthening  of  trade  union- 
ism can  be  found  than  is  in  evidence  from  Winni- 
peg to  the  Pacific  Coast.  The  expansion  of  the 
Canadian  west  and  northwest,  industrially,  is 
equaled,  if  not  surpassed,  by  the  activity  and 
energy  displayed  by  trade  unionists  in  their  efforts 
to  consolidate  the  interests  of  workmen  every- 
where. 

The  session  of  the  Trades  and  Labor  Congress  of 
Canada,  in  Victoria,  B.  C,  in  1906,  gave  additional 
zest  to  the  movement  and  the  recent  session  at 
Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  cemented  for  all  time  the 
bond  of  unionism  between  the  workers  in  the  west 
and  those  in  the  east.  It  is  not  too  much  to  say 
that  organized  labor  in  Canada  has  assumed  a  new 
dignity,  bom  of  the  realization  of  the  great  work 
that  lies  before  it,  and  that  the  future  will  see  such 
a  development  in  the  organization  and  labor  of 
Canadian  workmen  as  to  justify  the  best  hopes  of 
the  present.  Nor  must  it  be  forgotten  that  as 
organization  increases  the  sentiment  in  favor  of 
international  trade  unionism  grows  stronger.  Not 
all  the  blandishments  of  capital  nor  the  short- 
sighted attitude  of  a  few  disgruntled  workers  who 
clamor  for  a  ''national"  organization  will  suffice  to 
offset  the  zealous,  indefatigable  and  untiring 
efforts  of  those  who  believe  that  the  interests  of 
the  working  people,  whether  north  or  south  of 
the  line,  are  identical;  that  the  same  foes  are  to  be 
met  with  everywhere;  that  the  welfare  of  the  little 
ones  must  be  guarded,  and  that  women  workers 
and  men  workers  must  unite  on  all  hands  for  their 
mutual  benefit  and  the  general  uplifting  of  the 
common  people. 

I  am  sure  that  the  sentiments  here  expressed 
meet  with  the  cordial  approval  and  encoursf^e- 
ment  of  the  best  men  and  the  best  minds  of  the 
entire  labor  movement  of  the  American  continent. 


Labor  in  Porto  Rico, 

The  condition  of  the  working  people  of  Porto 
Rico  has  somewhat  improved,  and  this  beyond  ' 
question  is  due  to  the  beneficent  influences  of  the 
labor  organizations  which  have  been  formed  there 
and  to  the  assistance  which  our  movement  has 
been  enabled  to  render.  The  influences  have  been 
for  good,  and  have  secured  for  Porto  Ricans  a 
larger  measure  of  justice  conceded  by  govern- 
mental authority  as  well  as  by  employers. 

Though  some  improvement  has  been  secured, 
reports  from  various  sections  of  the  island  indicate 
that  much  yet  remains  to  be  done  in  order  to 
eliminate  the  poverty  which  is  so  prevalent.  That 
the  people  of  that  island  should  be  accorded  their 
full  measure  of  political  rights  and  local  self-gov- 
ernment enjoyed  by  American  citizens  in  the 
United  States  should  go  without  challenge.  It 
has  been  my  pleasurable  duty  to  aid  to  the  fullest 
of  my  opportunities  in  bringing  the  power  and  in- 
fluence of  our  great  movement  to  the  protec- 
tion and  advancement  not  only  of  the  working 
people,  but  of  all  the  people  of  Porto  Rico.  It 
should  be  our  aim,  as  it  is  our  duty,  to  be  helpful 
to  the  generous,  warm-hearted  people  of  that  is- 
land in  the  attainment  of  the  conditions  which  are 
commensurate  with  those  obtaining  among  the 
people  of  our  own  country. 

Conditions  in  Cuba. 

During  the  early  part  of  the  year  I  suffered  much 
physical  pain  due  to  the  constant  strain  of  my 
work.  I  was  advised  to  go  to  Cuba  for  a  brief 
stay.  My  health  having  improved  under  the  in- 
fluence of  its  climate,  I  made  an  investigation  of 
the  conditions  of  the  working  people  and  what 
changes,  if  any,  had  transpired  since  my  visit 
there  seven  years  before. 

I  learned,  and  demonstrated  to  the  satisfaction 
of  those  who  disputed  it,  that  there  had  been  a 
positive  deterioration  in  the  condition  of  the  Cuban 
workmen,  and  in  certain  phases  particularly;  that  ^ 
is,  that  they  were  paid  lower  wages;  the  cost  of  * 
living  had  become  enhanced ;  for  almost  all  of  their 
purchases  they  were  required  to  pay  in  American 
gold  or  its  equivalent,  and  their  wages  were  paid 
in  Spanish  silver  or  its  equivalent.  In  other  words, 
they  made  their  purchases  in  an  appreciated  cur- 
rency and  were  paid  their  wages  in  one  that  was 
depreciated,  varying  from  12  to  17  per  cent. 

On  account  of  a  general  strike  in  Havana,  which 
occurred  some  six  months  before  my  visit,  the  labor 
organizations  had  become  considerably  weakened. 
I  conferred  with  a  number  of  representative  labor 
men  and  mingled  with  the  rank  and  file.  Though 
I  did  nothing  tangible  toward  building  up  their 
organization,  my  conferences  with  them  encour- 
aged them.  A  few  months  later  the  men  engaged 
in  the  cigar  industry,  who  form  perhaps  the  great- 
est number  of  any  given  occupation  in  the  island, 
demanded  the  payment  of  their  wages  in  American 
money  or  its  equivalent.  They  appealed  to  me  for 
financial  aid,  and  with  the  co-operation  of  Presi- 
dent Perkins,  of  the  Cigarmakers'  International 
Union,  an  appeal  was  issued  to  the  organizations  of 
that  trade,  which  yielded  a  considerable  sum. 
The  financial  and  moral  assistance  was  of  great 
value,  and  this,  together  with  the  intrepid  spirit  of 
the  men  engaged  in  the  strike,  crowned  their  efforts 
with  victory.  Digitized  by  ^^OOgk 


970 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Shortly  thereafter  the  men  engaged  in  the  rail- 
way service  of  Cuba  inaugurated  a  strike  for  the 
establishment  of  the  payment  of  wages  in  par  value 
money  and  a  reduction  in  the  hours  of  labor.  In 
this  instance,  too,  an  appeal  was  made  for  us  to 
render  such  assistance  as  lay  within  our  power. 
It  was  not  possible  to  give  them  much  financial 
aid,  but  whatever  encouragement  could  be  given 
for  the  attainment  of  their  laudable  purpose  was 
cheerfully  and  promptly  extended. 

The  leaven  in  Cuba  is  at  work,  and  I  feel  confi- 
dent that  a  revived  spirit  has  been  aroused,  and 
the  advice  which  I  had  the  opportunity  of  giving 
while  there  has  been  and  will  be  heeded ;  that  is, 
that  the  Cuban  workmen  should  devote  their  atten- 
tion more  largely  to  their  material  and  economic 
interests  than  they  have  done  heretofore,  and  that 
this  will  bring  them  not  only  material  advance- 
ment, but  also  political,  moral  and  social  progress. 
It  is  with  confidence  that  I  bespeak  for  Cuban 
workmen  every  assistance  which  our  movement 
can  give,  so  that  thefr  hopes  and  aspirations  may 
be  fulfilled. 

Labor  Conditions  on  the  Panama  Canal, 

As  directed  by  you  I  have  endeavored  to  obtain 
fullest  possible  information  regarding  the  condi- 
tions of  employment  in  the  construction  of  the 
Panama  Canal.  Much  progress  has  been  made, 
but  conditions  show  that  much  improvement  is 
necessary  for  civilized  life.  It  is  established  be- 
yond question  that  generally  those  in  authority  at 
Panama  have  manifested  their  hostility  to  the  con- 
sideration of  the  workmen's  grievances  when  pre- 
sented as  an  entity,  an  organized  bod^. 

When  the  bill  was  under  consideration  repealing 
the  eight  hour  law  in  so  far  as  it  applies  to  alien 
workmen  employed  in  the  construction  of  the 
Panama  Canal,  we  protested  and  pointed  out  that 
it  would  result  in  practically  compelling  the  Amer- 
ic^m  workmen,  as  well  as  the  aliens,  to  work  more 
than  eight  hours  a  day. 

.  The  reports  from  there,  and  these  not  only  the 
reports  n'om  labor  men,  show  that  the  hours  of 
labor  in  the  Panama  Canal  construction  range  from 
12  to  14  a  day,  and  this,  too,  in  the  midst  of  great 
excavation  work  in  the  torrid  zone  and  miasmatic 
atmosphere  of  Panama. 

In  the  current  American  Fedkrationist  is 
published  an  article  upon  the  conditions  of  labor 
in  the  Panama  Canal  Zone.  Those  who  are  par- 
ticularly interested  should  read  the  original  report 
made  by  Miss  Gertrude  Beeks  to  the  President. 
There  are  other  reports  received  from  men  em- 
ployed upon  the  canal  construction  which  contain 
excellent  information  that  will  be  of  service.  These 
reports  may  find  publication  later. 

It  has  been  our  purpose  to  aid  the  government 
to  the  fullest  of  our  power  in  the  progress,  and  we 
hope,  the  successful  construction. of  the  greatest 
public  work  ever  undertaken  by  this  or  any  other 
country.  In  the  construction  of  so  great  a  public 
work,  destined  to  be  of  service  to  the  people  of 
the  world,  we  must  insist  that  the  best  possible 
conditions  shall  obtain  for  the  men  who  are  engaged 
in  its  real  construction.  We  have  reason  to  believe 
that  in  this  position  we  express  the  general  views 
of  those  highest  in  authority.  It  is,  therefore, 
necessary  that  we  should  be  fully  and  accurately 
informed  as  to  the  conditions  of  labor  on  the 
Isthmus,  so  that  the  evils  which  exist  and  which 


may  arise  may  be  properly  and  authoritatively 
presented  so  as  to  secure  the  relief  and  reforms  so 
necessary  not  only  to  complete  the  work,  but  to 
complete  it  satisfactorily  and  without  any  stigma 
resting  upon  ourcountry  or  our  people  that  every- 
thing was  not  done  to  make  the  life  of  the  workers 
conform  to  our  conception  of  humanity  and  civil- 
ization. 

Recently  the  request  was  made  to  me  to  visit  the 
Panama  Canal  district  and  to  report  thereon  to 
the  government  with  a  view  to  making  such 
recommendations  as  might  seem  to  me  necessary 
and  advisable.  The  request  has  also  been  znsde  of 
one  or  two  other  men  in  our  movement  to  perform 
a  like  service.  The  duties  devolving  upon  me  bsve 
interfered  with  my  acceptance,  but  I  suggest  thmt 
though  I  may  not  be  able  to  go,  authority  be  given 
for  the  recommendation  of  some  one  now  and 
then  to  undertake  the  mission  and  fulfill  the 
duties. 

Child  Labor  Must  Be  Abolished, 

The  humane  work  inaugurated  and  conducted 
by  the  labor  movement  to  eliminate  child  labor  in 
the  industrial  and  commercial  affairs  of  our  country 
has  borne  good  fruit  and  i«  destined  to  bring  still 
better  results 

In  the  early  history  of  labor's  efforts  to  obtain 
thi*  end,  we  were  met  by  the  bitterest  and  most 
relentless  antagonism.  Our  motives  were  aspersed 
and  our  efforts  ridiculed  just  as  are  now  the  de- 
mands which  organized  labor  makes  upon  society 
in  its  claims  for  the  present  and  for  the  immediate 
future. 

Today  there  is  not  an  institution  in  our  country, 
political,  commercial,  financial  or  religious,  but 
which  is  committed  in  some  way  to  the  abolition 
of  child  labor.  Better  than  all,  it  is  now  the  mi- 
versal  judgment  of  all  our  people  that  the  facts  as 
to  the  existence  of  child  labor  shall  be  investigated 
and  ascertained  and  such  legislation  enacted  as 
shall  take  the  children  from  the  factory,  the  work- 
shop, the  mill,  the  mine  and  the  store,  or  any- 
where they  are  emi)loycd  for  profit,  and  gire  to 
them  the  opportunities  and  advantages  of  the 
home,  the  school  and  the  playground,  that  they 
may  imbibe  the  sunshine  and  the  light  to  grow 
into  the  physical  and  mental  manhood  and  woman- 
hood of  the  future. 

Several  organizations  have  been  formed  to  co- 
operate with  the  labor  movement  and  the  awakened 
public  conscience  in  pressing  home  upon  the  taw- 
making  bodies  the  necessity  for  the  abolition  of 
child  labor.  A  number  of  legislatures  have  giv^o 
this  subject  their  favorable  consideraticm  and 
action. 

Congress  has  discussed  the  evil  of  child  labor 
with  a  view  to  the  enactment  of  a  federal  Uw 
dealing  with  the  question  generally.  As  to  the  ad- 
visability of  that  method  of  eradicating  the  evil, 
there  is  a  divided  opinion.  Some  contend 
that  the  states  can  more  effectually,  and  under 
our  form  of  government  should  more  profK 
erly,  exercise  that  authority.  In  anv  event,  the 
discussion  in  Conajress  clearly  indicates  the 
genenl  trend  of  advanced  thought  upon  the  ques- 
tion At  least.  Congress  could  enact  a  law  ixpna 
the  sul.ject  covering  the  territories  and  the  rHstrict 
of  Columbia. 

The  last  Congress  directed  the  commlwlopci  of 
labor  to  make  a  comprehensive  sociolofsieal  Iin'«»li- 
gation  of  the  labor  .^f^^<gm|y^5^ndrtn  itt  Ike 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


971 


United  SUtes,  and  the  matter  is  now  receiving  at- 
tention and  action  at  the  hands  of  the  commis- 
sioner and  his  assistants. 

A  few  months  ago  a  conference  was  held  in 
Washington,  where  representatives  of  a  number  of 
organizations  met  and  discussed  the  question  of 
child  labor.  Acting  under  the  authority  given  by 
the  Pittsburg  convention,  I  appointed  a  committee 
consisting  of  James  Duncan.  John  Mitchell,  D.  A. 
Hayes,  John  Golden,  B.  A.  Larger,  Daniel  Harris, 
and  Herman  Robinson  to  participate  therein. 

The  conference  decided  to  co-operate  with  the 
commissioner  of  labor  in  the  investigation,  and» 
if  necessary,  to  ascertain  all  the  facts  obtainable 
with  a  view  to  such  co-oper&tive  action  as  shall  at 
an  early  date  free  our  country  and  our  people 
from  the  stigma  of  exploiting  young  children  for 
profit.  There  is  not  one  question  more  important 
to  the  solution  of  which  we  should  continue  to 
give  our  unqualified  attention  than  to  the  elimina- 
tion of  child  labor  from  our  industrial  and  com- 
mercial system. 

Organizing  Women  Workers. 

Some  progress  has  been  made  in  the  organiza- 
tion of.  women  wage-earners,  but  it  has  not  been 
of  such  a  character  as  to  be  gratifying  or  satis- 
factory. Our  organizers  have  made  many  efforts 
and  have  accomplished  fair  results.  The  repre- 
sentatives of  labor,  including  myself,  have  done 
what  lies  within  our  power,  but  much  more  re- 
mains to  be  done.  The  Woman^s  Trade  Union 
League  has  been  active,  and  with  a  moderate  de- 
gree of  success. 

The  Woman's  International  Union  Label  League 
has  performed  exceedingly  effective  work  in  the 
dissemination  of  information  upon  the  subject  of 
union  labels.  It  has  aided  greatly  in  creating  a 
larger  demand  for  union-labeled  products. 

There  is  none  of  our  fellow-workers  who  is  en- 
titled to  greater  consideration  at  our  hands  than 
the  woman  and  girl  wage-earner.  Our  fellow- 
unionists  the  continent  over  should  regard  it  as 
their  duty  and  of  paramount  importance  to  help 
to  the  fullest  in  the  better  and  more  thorough 
organization  of  these  deserving  toilers  along  true 
trade  union  lines. 

There  may  be  a  world  of  superficial  sympathy 
doled  out  by  philanthropists  for  the  women  and 
girls  who  are  compelled  to  earn  their  own  liveli- 
hood, but  it  is  the  much-abused  trade  union  move- 
ment which  stands  for  the  recognition  of  their 
rights — political,  social,  moral,  and  industrial — and 
which  demands  for  them  equal  pay  for  equal  work. 

International  Good  Will  and  Peace. 

Thinking  and  liberty-loving  and  peace-loving 
men  the  world  over  have  been  keenly  and  pain- 
folly  disappointed  at  the  meager  results  of  the 
conference  at  The  Hague  in  the  interests  of  inter- 
national peace.  Mankind  had  a  right  to  expect 
something  of  a  more  tangible  character  tending 
toward  the  abolition  of  international  slaughter. 
The  toilers  the  world  over  are  primarily  interested 
in  averting  international  conflict,  for  they  form 
the  mass  of  men  who  fall  in  battle  or  who  bear  the 
burdens  which  war  entails. 

International  peace  is  usually  disturbed  by  those 
having  a  sordid  purpose.  The  uplifting  work  of 
progress  and  civilization  is  interrupted  and  retarded 
when    international    peace   is    disturbed.    Long 


periods  elapse  after  a  war  before  the  constructive 
work  in  the  interests  of  humanity  and  civilization 
can  be  resumed. 

Despite  the  failure  of  the  Congress  to  fulfill  the 
expectations  of  the  peace  and  humanity-loving 
men  of  the  world,  the  duty  devolves  upon  the 
organized  labor  movement  of  all  civilized  countries 
to  carry  on  an  educational  propaganda  that  shall 
reach  the  conscience  and  the  hearts  of  mankind. 

Labor  will  strive  to  persuade  the  governments 
of  the  world  to  establish  universal,  international 
peace,  but  lest  these  hopes  be  unrealized  and 
efforts  prove  futile  it  must  never  be  forgotten  that 
in  the  last  analysis  the  masses  of  the  people  of 
every  country  have  it  in  their  hands  to  exert  their 
own  giant  will  and  power  against  international 
war,  and  that  if  otherwise  thwarted  they  will  not 
hesitate  to  exert  it. 

I  am  firmly  convinced  that  if  a  growing  tendency 
toward  international  fraternity  among  the  workers 
of  all  countries  is  manifested;  the  more  general 
recognition  of  the  identity  of  interests  of  the  toilers 
is  established  the  world  over;  the  more  general 
mutual  acceptance  of  each  other's  union  traveling 
cards  as  a  passport  in  the  international  trade 
unions  of  all  countries  is  extended;  the  inter- 
change of  fraternal  delegates,  the  ambassadors  of 
good  will  at  the  'convention  and  congresses  of  or- 
ganized labor  is  continued;  that  these  practical 
methods  will  contribute  more  than  all  else  to  the 
enthronement  of  universal  peace  among  the  peoples 
of  the  nations  of  the  earth. 

As  representatives  of  the  web  and  woof  of  Great 
Britain's  and  Canada's  sturdy  toilers,  we  welcome 
to  this  convention  Messrs.  D.  J.  Sbackelton,  J. 
Hodge,  and  W  R.  Trotter.  On  behalfof  the  toilers 
of  America  we  bid  them  a  thousand  welcomes.  We 
earnestly  hope  that  their  stay  among  us  may  be 
pleasurable,  interesting,  and  profitable;  that  they 
will  encourage  us  in  our  work  and  aid  us  by  their 
advice;  that  when  they  return  to  their  homes  and 
their  people  they  may  convey  our  fraternal  regard 
for  their  progress,  for  the  extension  and  the  high- 
est development  of  the  bond  of  unity  and  universal 
brotherhoKKl. 

International  Conference  on  Labor. 

It  has  been  my  pleasure  ta  participate  in  several 
informal  conferences  where  there  was  discussed 
the  mooted  subject  of  holding  an  international 
conference  of  the  representatives,  not  only  of  labor 
and  employers,  but  also  of  the  several  govern- 
ments of  the  civilized  world,  the  p^overnment  of 
the  United  States  to  extend  the  invitations,  the 
conference  to  consider  the  following  subjects: 

Child  labor,  its  restriction  and  regulation. 

Women's  labor,  its  restriction  and  regulation. 

Hours  of  labor. 

Safety  appliances  on  railroads  and  machinery  in 
factories  and  workshops. 

Sanitation  in  workshop  and  mine. 

Ventilation  in  mines. 

Employers'  liability,  and  kindred  subjects. 

The  matter  is  still  m  a  tentative  state.  I  would 
recommend  that  this  convention  take  some  action 
in  regard  thereto  so  as  to  secure  the  co  operation 
of  any  or  all  organizations  favorably  disposed 
toward  the  project  with  the  view  of  urging  the 
President  of  the  United  States  to  extend  an  invita- 
tion to  the  governments  and  associations  of  other 
countries.  i      r\r^  r%\  o 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


972 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Eight  Hour  IVorkday-^Make  it  Universal, 

The  general  movement  for  the  reduction  of  the 
hours  of  daily  labor — that  is,  the  establishment  of 
the  eight  hour  workday — has  made  considerable 
progress  within  the  past  two  decades,  and  this  is 
largely  due  to  the  encouragement  given  by  our 
Federation  to  the  crystallization  of  the  hopes  and 
demands  of  labor  for  the  achievement  of  taat  re- 
sult. The  first  convention  of  the  Federation  de- 
clared for  the  general  eight  hour  workday.  In 
1884  we  declared  for  a  concentrated  effort  of  all 
labor  to  secure  that  boon,  and  since  then  no  con- 
vention has  passed  without  a  declaration  for,  nor 
has  any  effort  been  spared  to  secure,  the  extension 
or  enforcement  of  the  eight  hour  workday.  For 
your  information  and  for  the  general  interest  it 
may  have,  I  submit  to  you  a  statement  of  the  hours 
of  labor  prevailing  among  a  number  of  trades. 

Carpenters — Eight  hours;  Saturday  half-holiday 
generally. 

Electrical  Workers — Eight  hours  generally. 

Plasterers — Eight  hours  generally;  some  places 
seven  hours. 

Bricklayers— Eight  hours  generally. 

Granite  Cutters — Eight  hours,  universal. 

Masons — Ei^ht  hours  generally. 

Painters — Eight  hours  generally. 

Decorators — Eight  hours  generally. 

Paperhangers — Eight  hours  generally. 

Plumbers — Eight  hours  generally. 

Gas  fitters— Eight  hours  generally. 

Steam  and  Hot  Water  Fitters — Eight  hours  gen- 
erally. 

Tile  IfiLjprs — Eight  hours  generally. 

Roofers— Eight  hours  generally. 

Building  I^aborers  and  Hod  earners — Eight  hours 
generally. 

Compositors,  afternoon  papers — Eight  hours  gen- 
erally. 

Compositors,  morning  papers — Seven  and  one- 
half  hours. 

Compositors;  book  and  job — Eight  hours  gen- 
erally. 

German  Compositors — Eight  hours,  five  days 
constituting  a  week's  work. 

Stereotypers  and  Electrotypers  on  newspapers — 
Eight  hours. 

Coal  Miners  in  bituminous  regions — Eight  hours. 

Coal  Miners  in  anthracite  regions — Nine  hours. 

Cigarmakers — Eight  hours  generally. 

Coopers — Eight  hours  generally. 

Brewers — Eight  hours  on  Pacific  Coast;  nine 
hours  elsewhere. 

Iron  and  Steel  Workers — Eight  hours;  three 
shifts. 

Stationary  Firemen— Eight  hours;  50  per  cent. 

Papermakera— Eight  hours. 

Bookbinders — Establishing  eight  hourday.  Gen- 
erally successful. 

The  International  Printing  Pressmen  and  Assist- 
ants* Union  and  the  International  Association  of 
Machinists  are  now  preparing  for  a  movement  for 
the  inauguration  of  the  eight  hour  workday. 

Other  organizations  more  |>articularly  of  a  local 
character  are  engaged  in  similar  efforts.  But  it  is 
quite  true  that  immense  numbers  of  workmen, 
particularly  in  the  unskilled  trades  and  callings, 
still  work  generally  ten  or  nine  hours  a  day,  and 
remnants  of  other  trades  and  callings  toil  many 
more  hours  each  day. 


It  should  be  our  aim  to  give  every  encourage- 
ment and  aid  to  all  in  the  establishment  of  a  maxi- 
mum day's  work  of  eight  hours. 

In  our  country  so  great  and  fertile,  with  its 
people  so  endowed  with  genius  and  so  marvellously 
industrious  in  their  productive  capacity,  there  can 
neither  be  justification  nor  defense  for  a  workday 
of  longer  than  eight  hours. 

Eight  hours  for  work,  eight  hours  for  rest,  and 
eight  hours  for  recreation  and  improvement,  is  not 
only  a  scientific  but  a  natural  division  of  the  day. 
It  is  a  slogan  and  a  watchword  with  which  we  can 
go  not  only  to  our  fellow- workers  but  to  all  our 
people  and  secure  their  co-operation  and  their 
sympathy. 

Upon  the  industrial  field  I  urge  the  concentra- 
tion of  all  our  efforts  to  the  universal  establishment 
of  the  eight  hour  workday. 

To  that  end  I  recommend  the  appointment  of  a 
special  committee  by  this  convention  to  consider 
the  subject  of  the  more  general  introduction  of 
the  eight  hour  workday  in  all  industry,  and  the 
presentation  of  a  report  and  recommendation  to 
you  in  time  for  proper  consideration  and  action 
thereon  by  this  convention. 

In  referring  to  the  movement  of  various  organiza- 
tions to  reduce  the  ^ours  of  labor  and  to  improve 
the  conditions  of  the  toilers,  a  few  classes  of  em- 
ployment, widely  divergent,  have  a  peculiar  inter- 
est. The  street  railway  men  toiled  16  to  1 8  hours 
a  day  prior  to  organization  among  them. 

Ifiss  than  20  years  ago  a  law  passed  by  the  legis- 
lature of  the  state  of  New  York,  limiting  the  hours 
of  labor  of  street  railway  men  to  10  per  day,  wu 
declared  unconstitutional.  The  general  workday 
of  these  men  now,  where  they  are  organized,  is 
nine  or  ten  hours  and  in  a  few  instances  eight 

The  retail  clerks  formerly  would  start  an  early 
closing  association,  and  whenever  a  temporary 
success  was  obtained  they  disbanded  their  organ- 
izations. Conditions  and  hours  of  labor  would 
then  revert  to  the  old  standard  cf  from  early 
morning  until  late  at  night,  so  long  as  there  was 
the  hope  or  the  prospect  of  some  patron  entering 
a  store.  Since  the  formation  of  bona  fide  retail 
clerks'  unions,  and  particularly  since  the  forau- 
tion  of  the  Retail  Clerks*  Protective  Association, 
they  have  not  only  reduced  the  hours  of  labor 
during  the  week,  but  have  obtained  earlier  closing 
on  Saturday  and  in  many  instances  half-holiday 
during  Saturdays  of  the  summer  months. 

But  apart  from  this,  recognizing  the  miserably 
low  wages  paid  to  some  clerks,  the  last  convention 
of  that  organization  took  positive  action  to  estab- 
lish some  sort  of  a  life  line,  a  living  wage,  and  de* 
clared  for  a  minimum  wage  scale  of  at  least  |9  per 
week.  When  such  a  low  minimum  is  sought  to  be 
established  it  can  readily  be  appreciated  how  nec- 
essary was  the  action  of  that  convention,  and  how 
earnestly  we  should  all  strive  to  render  every  as- 
sistance within  our  power  to  its  achievement 

The  hours  of  labor  and  conditions  of  the  bakers, 
barbers,  and  grocery  clerks  were  about  dmilar. 
They  worked  from  early  morning  until  late  it 
night,  the  bakers  often  during  the  entire  nigbt. 
It  was  also  generally  required  that  the  workmen 
should  live  with  the  employer,  thoa  practically 
discriminating  against  married  men  and  pladnf  ■ 
premium  upon  bachelorhood.  Thebftken'  oigta- 
Ization  has  reduced  the  hours  of  labor  to  ate  or 
10;  night  work  has  been  pracdcany  ii] 
Digitized  by  ViiOOQlC 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


973 


the  sub-cellar  as  a  bakeshop  has  been  eradicated 
and^  Sunday  work  eliminated. 

The  barbers  have  reduced  their  hours  of  labor 
immeasurably.  They  have  limited  Sunday  work 
and  in  most  instances  abolished  it. 

The  organized  grocery  clerks  no  longer  toil  after 
six  o'clock  in  the  evening,  and  Sunday  has  become 
their  own. 

The  baker,  the  barber,  and  the  grocery  clerk 
have  abolished  the  system  of  *'  boarding  and  lodg- 
ing with  the  boss,"  and  in  this  regard  have  ob- 
tained the  right  and  the  freedom  of  manhood. 

Eight  Hour  Day  in  the  Printing  Industry, 
The  movement  of  the  International  Typograph- 
ical Union  to  inaugurate  the  eight  hour  day  has 
been  crowned  with  great  success.  Despite  ihe  fact 
that  in  a  few  places  stubborn  contests  are  still 
maintained,  it  may  be  stated  that,  generally  speak- 
ing, the  eight  hour  day  among  the  membership 
under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  International  Typo- 
graphical Union  is  an  accomplished  fact.  Presi- 
dent Lynch,  in  a  recent  letter,  states  that  in  a  few 
sections  where  the  printers  relinquished  their  mem- 
bership, due  to  their  inability  to  meet  assessments, 
there  is  a  desire  to  reorganize,  and  that  soon  the 
effort  will  be  made  not  only  to  accomplish  this 
much-desired  result,  but  also  at  the  same  time  to 
secure  the  enforcement  of  the  eight  hour  day  in 
the  trade  throughout  the  continent.  He  adds  that 
in  this  nodiflSculty  will  be  encountered;  that  the 
International  Typographical  Union  has  expended 
nearly  |4,000,000  in  establishing  the  eight  hour 
day,  but  the  printers  are  just  beginning  to  reap  the 
benefits  of  that  movement  and  that  **  for  years  to 
come  there  will  be  such  a  demand  for  printers  that 
all  who  thoroughly  learn  the  trade  will  be  paid 
wages  over  any  scale  heretofore  adopted.*' 

The  influence  of  the  eight  hour  movement  has 
extended  to  the  entire  printing  trade.  The  Inter- 
national Brotherhood  of  Bookbinders  at.  its  last 
convention  decided  to  inaugurate  the  eight  hour 
workday,  and  with  almost  general  unanimity  it  has 
been  achieved  and  without  any  serious  contest. 

At  the  convention  of  the  International  Printing 
Pressmen  and  Assistants'  Union  of  North  America 
it  was  decided  to  inaugurate  the  eight  hour  day  in 
the  trade  November  18, 1907.  In  several  instances 
this  has  already  been  secured.  The  organization 
finds  itself  in  this  position,  however,  that  the 
TypothetflB,  which  the  officers  of  the  Pressmen's 
International  Union  aver  represents  but  eight  per 
cent  of  those  who  employ  the  men  of  the  trade, 
has  secured  an  injunction  restraining  any  action 
toward  the  enforcement  of  an  eight  hour  day  in 
Typothetffi  establishments.  At  the  time  when 
this  report  is  prepared  I  am  not  fully  informed  as 
to  the  plans  of  the  officers  of  the  organization  to 
carry  out  the  instructions  of  their  international 
convention.  Should  anything  arise  of  an  import- 
ant character  it  will,  if  possible,  be  included  in 
the  report  of  the  Executive  Council.  We  can  but 
hope,  however,  that  entire  success  may  be  achieved 
in  the  enforcement  of  the  eight  hour  workday 
among  the  printing  pressmen  and  assistants,  and 
this,  too,  vithout  contest,  and  that  the  entire  print- 
ing trade  witl  soon  be  an  industry  in  which  the 
eight  hour  workday  shall  be  the  absolute  rule. 
Commercial  Telegraphers'  Strike, 
A  movement  of  great  importance  was  recently 
inaugurated  among  the  commercial  telegraphers 


of  the  country.  For  nearly  20  years  there  was 
little  or  no  organization  among  them,  in  conse- 
quence of  which  many  unjust  conditions  were  im- 
posed. Wages,  where  not  reduced,  remained 
stationary  during  all  this  period,  despite  the  en- 
hanced cost  of  living.  Any  attempt  to  organize 
was  met  with  discrimination  or  discharge.  This 
was  particularly  true  of  the  Western  Union  Tele- 
graph Company. 

A  general  revival  of  organization  was  manifest 
during  the  latter  part  of  last  year  and  the  begin- 
ning of  this,  which  resulted  in  securing  an  advance 
of  10  per  cent  in  wages.  The  deep  resentment  lelt 
by  the  telegraph  operators  against  the  unjust  ac- 
tion of  the  companies  found  its  expression  in  a 
determined  effort  for  the  redress  of  grievances, 
the  stoppage  of  discrimination  and  the  exercise  of 
the  right  to  organize.  These  demands  were  either 
slow  of  concession  by  the  companies  or  not  con- 
ceded at  all.  The  operators  manifested  their  rest- 
lessness, which  brought  forth  a  promise  from  the 
companies  for  the  redress  of  a  number  of  griev- 
ances. The  men  and  women  who  had  so  long 
been  subject  to  unjust  conditions  had  Ittle  faith 
in  these  promises,  and  as  a  result  a  strike  was  in- 
augurated with  little  or  no  preparation.  They 
demanded  an  eight  hour  day,  equal  pay  for  equal 
work  by  men  or  women,  15  per  cent  increase,  and 
that  the  companies  furnish  ty|)ewriters. 

Of  course,  all  of  us  and  all  friends  of  labor  sym- 
pathize with  the  righteous  demands  which  the 
telegraphers  made.  The  justness  and  righteous- 
ness of  a  cause  is  one  thing;  the  time  for  its 
attempted  enforcement  is  another. 

It  was  clearly  the  conviction  of  those  who  had 
experience  that  the  time  for  a  general  strike  among 
the  commercial  telegraphers,  no  matter  how  praise- 
worthy the  cause,  was  inopportune,  particularly  so 
when  such  pledges  of  f  urtner  concessions  had  been 
made.  It  was  at  this  period  that  I  advised  the 
officers  confidentially,  and  as  strongly  as  I  could, 
as  to  the  impracticability  of  a  general  strike  at  that 
time.  I  urged  them  to  accept  the  offers  made  and 
to  work  for  the  extension  and  strengthening' of 
their  organization,  with  a  view  to  constant  better- 
ment for  the  men  and  women  who  depend  for 
their  livelihood  upon  the  operation  of  the  keys. 
Of  course,  I  had  neither  the  right  nor  the  desire 
unwarrantedly  to  interfere  with  the  management 
of  the  affairs  of  the  organization,  bnt  it  seemed  to 
me  duty  demanded  that  I  should  place  my  ex- 
perience before  the  officers,  that  they  might  reap 
whatever  benefit  might  result  therefrom,  so  as  to 
help  safeguard  the  interests  of  the  membership, 
that  the  continuity  of  the  organization  might  not 
only  be  assured,  but  also  that  it  might  prove  of 
lasting  benefit  to  the  craft. 

That  the  advice  was  disregarded  by  those  then 
in  authority  in  the  organization  is  not  due  to  me, 
nor  to  any  failure  to  render  them  every  possible 
counsel,  advice  and  assistance  to  carry  on  their 
contest  to  the  fullest  possible  fruition.  It  has  been 
clearly  shown  that  at  least  a  tactical  mistake  has 
been  made.  Those  now  instrusted  with  the  affairs 
of  the  organization  realized  this  fact.  It  is  my  con- 
viction that  the  strike  will  not,  however,  be  devoid 
of  some  influence  for  good  in  the  .condition  of  the 
telegraphers.  It  is  our  duty  to  render  every  assist- 
ance we  possibly  can,  that  the  organization  of  the 
commercial  telegraphers  may  be  maintained  and 
extended,  so  that  in  the  light  of  experience  better 
Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


974 


AMERICAN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


results  maj  follow  for  the  men  and  women  en^ged 
in  commercial  telegraph  work« 

Fanners^  Organizatiom^Our  Effective  Co-opera- 
tion. 

Considerable  correspondence  has  been  had  with 
the  representatives  of  the  American  Society  of 
Equity,  the  Farmers'  Educational  and  Co-opera- 
ttve  Union  of  Texas,  and  other  representatives  of 
fiirmers.  Much  has  been  done  to  bring  the  men 
of  the  farms  and  the  men  of  the  factory  and  work- 
sb  >p  into  closer  tonch,  better  understanding  and 
reciprocal  relations  to  aid  each  other  in  the  ad- 
vaucement  of  their  rights,  and  to  protect  each 
other  against  aggression  of  opponents. 

The  Farmers*  Educational  and  Co-operative 
U  lion  of  Texas  adopted  resolutions  pledging  the 
farmers  of  the  state  to  ffive  their  patronage  to  the 
pr^Klncts  of  union  labor  and  particularly  those 
bearing  the  union  label. 

Because  of  their  significance  I  quote  the  pre- 
ambles and  resolutions  as  follows: 

Whbbbas,  Tbe  experience  the  members  of  the  Parm- 
er V  Educational  ana  Oo-operaUve  Union  of  Texas  have 
hai  In  the  use  of  a  union  label  to  deslgrnate  the  product 
o  the  members  of  this  organisation  has  proved  oeyond 
Mil  donnt  the  Inestimable  value  of  having  some  design 
which  will  designate  the  difference  between  the  product 
of  onion  and  non-union  farmers;  and, 

Wbbrbas,  We  know  there  should  be  a  design  of  some 
kind  In  general  use  in  order  that  our  brothers  of  the 
ifiMles  onions  of  the  cities  may  be  able  at  all  times  to 
ditcrimlnate  In  our  favor,  as  oar  experience  has  proven 
tliey  will  do:  be  it 

/ieso/ved.  Ry  the  fifth  annual  convention  of  the  anion 
fMrmers  or  Texas,  In  Fori  Worth  assembled,  that  our 
«i*'legates  to  ihe  national  convention  be  insimcted  to 
work  to  the  ena  ihar.  a  label  be  adopted;  that  same  shall 
bo  protected  by  copyright  and  registered  in  each  state 
111  the  union,  so  that  there  may  be  no  counterfeiting  or 
iiSH  without  permission;  and  be  it  farther 

Heaotved^  That,  itinoe  such  a  d«4lgn  must  be  frequently 
used  in  printed  form,  said  printed  design  mo«t  al  «ravs  be 
accompanied  by  either  the  typographical  union  or  allied 
Ubel  of  the  printing  fraternity,  for  otherwise  it  might 
be  interpreted  to  represent  the  products  of  printers,  and 
in  this  way  Its  use  abased  in  tne  iiiJarv  of  the  onion 
printers  and  allied  trades;  and  be  it  further 

RmoIywS,  ruat  out  of  appreciation  for  the  friendship 
expressed  and  many  acts  showing  that  the  friendship  of 
orgtftuised  'atior  is  genuine,  we,  the  raembersoftheTexas 
farmers*  uqlons.  delegates  to  this  the  fifth  annual  con- 
vention of  the  Texas  4tate  Union,  pledge  our  hearty  sup- 
port and  pationage  to  all  union  labels  used  by  our  city 
brothers. 

Wherbas.  Tbe  union  label  being  the  basis  of  con- 
tracts between  the  workers  and  tbe  farmers,  and  the  em- 
blHOQ  or.honest  w.>rk  and  fair  reward;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  all  g'tods  handled  by  the  business  de- 
partmenu  of  the  farmers'  union,  including  machinery, 
must  bear  the  imprint  of  our  brother  workers,  and  that 
all  ^^unfair*' manufacturers  be  respectfully  notified  to  use 
the  label  of  the  workers  If  they  expect  the  farmers' 
trade. 

In  a  communication  recently  received  from  the 
officers  of  the  American  Society  of  Equity  the 
wish  was  expressed  for  further  extension  of  the 
mutual  interests  of  the  workmen  in  industry  and 
the  workmen  of  the  farms.  The  correspondence 
on  these  topics  will  be  placed  in  the  hands  of  the 
committee  haviiig  this  subject  under  considera- 
tion. We  can,  in  this  convention,  do  nothing  of 
greater  promise  for  tangible  results  in  the  interests 
of  labor  in  factory,  field,  workshop,  or  mine  than 
to  e<«tabHsh  the  most  fraternal  relations  amotig  the 
men  and'  bring  about  mutual  reciprocal  aid  be- 
tween the  organizations  of  labor  and  the  organiza- 
tions of  farmers.  • 

Labor's  Bill  lo  Regulate  Injunctions, 

In  my  report  to  the  Minneapolis  convention  at- 
tention was  called  to  the  fact  that  the  opposition 


to  onr  bOl  to  regulate  the  issuance  of  in  jcmctsona, 
comprising  many  of  the  great  employing  corporm- 
tions  and  trtists  of  the  nation,  was  folly  repre- 
sented by  their  own  officials  as  well  as  by  attorneys; 
that  it  was  clear  even  to  the  most  unfriendly  mem- 
bers of  the  jhdiciary  committee  of  the  Hooaev  that 
not  even  the  array  of  talent  opposing  us  could 
disprove  otir  contentions.  For  the  purpose  df  delay 
the  committee  resorted  to  dilatory  tactics. 

After  two  months  of  time-killing  argument  tbe 
essential  features  of  our  bill  were  referred  to  a 
subcommittee  of  three  members  of  the  judiciary 
committee^  The  subcommittee  withheld  lU  report 
until  very  shortly  before  the  adjournment  of  the 
Fifty-ninth  Congress.  We  had  the  greatest  diffi- 
culty to  obtain  a  copy  of  that  repbrt. 

The  astonishment  of  labor's  representatives  can 
be  better  imagined  than  described  when  it  is  stated 
that  the  subcommittee,  instead  of  conducting  an 
investigation  of  the  principles  involved  in  the  bill, 
quoted  the  very  judges  and  courts  who  have 
rendered  decisions  and  opinions  against  which  oar 
just  complaints  are  lodged,  and  which  onr  bill 
seeks  to  remedy. 

We  had  the  advice  of  Hon.  T.  C.  Spelling, 
attorney  at  law,  on  the  untenable  and  unfair  re- 
port, and  we  concluded  that  a  review,  criticism 
and  reply  were  necessary.  With  our  legislative 
committee  I  tried  to  have  labor's  reply  filed  with 
.the  judiciary  committee,  so  that  it  might  be 
printed  with  the  report  of  the  subcommittee,  in 
order  that  all  might  have  an  opportunity  of  judg- 
ing the  merits  or  demerits  of  either  or  both.  No 
encouragement  was  received  from  the  chainnnn  of 
the  judiciary  committee.  An  effort  was  made  to 
obtain  the  written  assent  of  a  majority  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  committee  to  accomplish  the  purpose. 
The  signatures  of  11  members  of  the  committee 
agreeing  to  the  proposition  were  obtained.  Four 
members  of  the  committee,  however,  refused  to 
give  their  assent — Chairman  Jenkins,  of  Wiscon- 
sin; Parker,  of  New  Jersey;  Terrell,  of  Massachn- 
setts,  an^  Littlefield,  of  Maine.  However,  the  sig- 
natures of  the  11  members  of  the  committee  and 
the  intensity  of  feeling  prevailing  evidently  brought 
about  an  emergency  meeting  of  the  judiciary  ccm- 
mittee,  at  which  representative  Pearre,  of  Mary- 
land, who  introduced  our  injunction  r^^lation 
bill,  presented  the  assent  of  the  11  members  of  the 
judiciary  committee  to  our  proposition.  He  also 
presented  Mr.  Spelling's  brief.  It  appears,  how- 
ever, that  the  effort  was  of  little  avail. 

We  should  see  to  it  that  the  reply  is  printed  as  a 
federal  public  document  by  the  Sixtieth  Congress. 
It  wan  published  in  the  June,  1907,  issue  of  the 
Ambrican  Fbdbrationist. 

In  dealing  with  the  subject  of  injunctions  and 
the  necessary  action  thereon,  the  Minneapolis  con- 
vention instructed  the  officers  of  our  federation  as 
follows: 

There  Is  no  tendency  so  danireroHS  to  personal  liberty, 
so  destructive  of  free  lustltutlons  and  of  a  repobltoan 
form  of  government  as  tbe  present  misuse  and  ex  tension 
of  the  equity  power  throuah  usurpation  by  thejudtelary; 
and  we  therefore  urge  the  speedy  enactment  of  the 
Pearre  (antl-loj unction)  bill  Into  law,  and  we  fUrtber 
recommend  that  candidates,  for  legislative  or  Judicial 
positions,  be  carefully  Investigated  as  to  their  psst  acU 
and  Interrogated  as  to  their  position  on  this  mUter  be- 
fore they  be  given  any  support,  and  that  those  who, 
from  their  actions  or  their  expreeslons.  are  deemed  un- 
sound be,  regardless  of  any  other  question,  repudiated. 

In  compliance  therewith  the  Execuym  Council 

^  Digitized  by  VjTJDVIc 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


975 


authorized  me  to  issue  a  circular  to  all  organized 
labor  appealing  to  our  fellow-unionists  and  friends 
to  safeguard  Xhtxt  interests  in  an  effort  to  pledge 
caudidates  for  public  office  to  express  themselves 
fully  as  to  their  attitude  upon  the  subject  of  the 
injunction  abuse  and  their  attitude  toward  bona 
fide  relief  from  that  species  of  gross  injustice.  A 
copy  of  that  circular  and  a  copy  of  another  regard- 
ing the  hostility  of  Speaker  Cannon,  of  the  House 
of  Representatives,  toward  all  labor's  reasonable 
demands  will  be  placed  in  the  possession  of  the 
appropriate  committees  having  this  subject  under 
consideration. 

The  Injunction  Abuse — Labor  Seeks  Justice^  Not 
Privilege, 

It  has  been  the  favorite  utterance  of  lat>or*s 
fiercest  and  most  unfair  opponents  to  charge  us 
with  an  effort  to  create  *'a  favored  class  of  wrong- 
doers among  the  workingmen."  Parry,  Post,  and 
Van  Cleave  have  so  declared;  Littlefield,  Cannon, 
and  others  repeated  it  in  their  campaign  of  last 
year  and  since,  the  latest  assertion  of  this  char- 
acter having  been  made  from  so  high  a  source  as 
the  Secretary  of  War,  Mr.  Taft,  in  a  speech  and  in 
an  interview  immediately  before  his  departure 
upon  his  recent  trip  to  the  Orient.  The  utterance 
of  Mr.  Taft  was  entirely  unprovoked,  unnecessary, 
and  wholly  gratuitous,  and  withal  unfounded. 
From  other  sources,  sordid  sources,  we  may  expect 
malicious  misrepresentation,  but  from  high  offi- 
cials of  our  government,  never. 

Mr.  Taft  could  not  help  but  know  that  labor's 
bill  to  regulate  injunctions  was  not  designed  to 
create  a  privileged  class  of  wrongdoers  among  the 
workingmen  of  our  country,  but  to  restore  to  them 
the  rights  of  which  they  have  been  robbed  by 
c  jurt  decisions;  in  fact,  to  restore  the  writ  of  in- 
junction to  its  original  beneficent  and  proper  pur- 
poses. He  could  not  escape  knowing  what  is  com- 
mon knowledge  among  the  merest  tyros  of  the 
law,  the  fundamental  principles  of  the  equity 
power  of  the  courts,  and  the  basis  upon  which  in- 
junctions are  intended  to  serve.  Circumstances 
warrant  their  restatement  as  follows.' 

Tbe  writ  of  Injunction  was  Intended  to  be  exercised 
for  tbe  protection  of  property  rigbts  only. 

He  who  would  seek  Its  aid  mast  come  Into  court  with 
dean  bands 

There  uiU8t  be  no  other  adequRte  remedy  at  law. 

It  must  never  btt  used  to  curtail  personal  rigbts. 

It  must  not  k>e  used  ever  In  an  effort  to  punish  crime. 

U  must  not  be  used  as  a  means  to  set  aside  trial  by 
Jury. 

InJ  anclloDS  as  Issued  against  workmen  are  never  used 
or  issued  against  aoy  other  citizen  of  our  country. 

It  Is  an  attempt  to  deprive  citizens  of  our  country, 
when  tbese  citizens  are  workmen,  of  tbe  right  of  trial 
by  Jury. 

It  is  an  effort  to  fasten  an  off'ense  on  them  when  they 
are  Innocent  of  any  wrongdoing. 

It  Isan  liidlrectassf^rtlonofa  property  rl^ht  In  men 
when  tbese  men  are  workmen  engaged  In  a  lawful 
effbrt  to  protect  or  adyance  their  natural  rights  and 
Interests. 

Injunctions  as  Issued  In  trade  disputeii  are  to  make 
outlaws  of  men  when  they  are  not  even  charged  with 
doing  thing'*  in  violation  of  any  law  of  state  or  nation. 

We  protest  against  the  discrimination  of  the 
courts  against  the  laboring  men  of  our  country 
which  deprives  them  of  their  constitutional  guar- 
antee of  equality  before  the  law. 

The  injunctions  which  the  courts  issue  against 
labor  are  supp3sed  by  them  to  be  good  enough  law 
today,  when  there  exists  a  dispute  between  work- 
men and  their  employers;   but  it  is  not  good  Law, 


in  fact,  is  not  law  at  all,  tomorrow  or  next  day 
when  no  such  disp^ute  exists. 

The  issuance  of  injunctions  in  labor  disputes  is 
not  based  upon  law,  but  is  a  species  of  judicial 
legislation,  judicial  usurpation,  in  the  interests  of 
the  money  power  against  workmen  innocent  of 
any  unlawful  or  criminal  act.  The  doing  of  the 
lawful  acts  enjoined  by  the  courts  render  the  work- 
men guilty  of  contempt  of  court  and  punishable 
by  fine  or  imprisonment  or  both. 

In  itself  the  writ  of  injunction  is  of  a  highly  im- 
portant and  beneficent  character.  Its  aims  and 
purposes  are  for  the  protection  of  property  rights. 
It  never  was  intended,  and  never  should  be  in- 
voked, for  the  purpose  of  depriving  free  men  of 
their  personal  rights,  the  right  of  man's  ownership 
of  himself;  the  right  of  free  locomotion,  free  as- 
semblage, free  association,  free  speech,  free  press; 
the  freedom  to  do  those  things  promotive  of  life, 
liberty  and  happiness,  and  which  are  not  in  con- 
travention of  the  law  of  our  land. 

We  re-assert  that  we  ask  no  immunity  for  our- 
selves or  for  any  other  man  who  may  be  guilty  of 
any  unlawful  or  criminal  act;  but  we  have  a  right 
to  insist,  and  we  do  insist,  that  when  a  workman 
is  charged  with  a  crime  or  any  unlawful  conduct, 
he  shall  be  accorded  every  right,  be  apprehended, 
charged  and  tried  by  the  same  process  of  law  as 
any  other  citizen  of  our  country. 

With  our  position  so  often  emphasized  and  so 
generally  known,  it  is  nothing  less  than  wilful  un- 
truth and  misrepresentation  for  any  one  to  declare? 
that  it  is  our  purpose  to  obtain  any  special  privi- 
lege, pdrticularl^  the  undesirable  and  unenviable 
liberty  of  creating  a  privileged  class  of  wrong- 
doers 

When  the  real  purposes  and  high  aspirations  of 
our  movement  and  the  legislation  it  seeks  at  the 
hands  of  the  law-making  power  of  our  country 
shall  be  better  understood  by  all  our  people,  and 
the  great  uplifting  work  which  we  have  already 
achieved  shall  find  a  better  appreciation  among 
those  who  now  so  un justl  v  attack  and  antagonize 
us,  our  opponents  will  be  remembered  for  their 
ignoble  work  and  course. 

The  injunctions  against  which  we  protest  arc 
flagrantly  and  without  warrant  of  law  issued  al- 
most daily  in  some  section  of  our  country  and  are 
violative  of  the  fundamental  rights  of  man.  When 
better  understood,  they  will  shock  the  conscience 
of  our  people,  the  spirit  and  genius  of  our  re- 
public. 

We  shall  exercise  our  every  right,  and  in  the 
meantime  concentrate  our  efforts  to  sechre  the  re- 
lief and  the  redress  to  which  we  are  so  justly  en- 
titled. 

Not  only  in  our  own  interest,  but  in  the  interest 
of  all  the  people  of  our  country,  for  the  preserva- 
tion of  real  liberty,  for  the  elimination  of  bitter- 
ness and  class  hatred,  for  the  perpetuation  of  all 
that  is  best  and  truest,  we  can  never  rest  until  the 
last  vestige  of  this  injustice  has  been  removed  from 
our  public  life. 

It  is  interesting  to  know  that  owing  to  the  per- 
sistent discussion  of  the  principles  involved  in 
labor's  contention  upon  the  abuse  of  the  injunc- 
tion process,  a  much  wider  and  better  knowledge 
of  the  merits  of  our  position  is  general  among  our 
people,  and  in  this  regard  some  progress  has  been 
made  which  will  beyond  doubt  bring  reform  and 
relief.    Particularly  is  this  true  in  the  constitution 


976 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


adopted  for  the  state  of  Oklahoma.  Other  states 
have  had  investigations  and  hearings  in  their  re- 
spective legislatures.  In  Massachusetts  the  legis- 
lature appointed  its  committees  on  labor  of  both 
the  Senate  and  House  to  sit  during  the  year  and 
hear  fully  all  sides  to  the  contention.  It  was  my 
privilege  to  aid  our  fellow-workers  of  Massa- 
chusetts in  an  argument  before  the  joint  commit- 
tee of  the  legislature,  the  argument  covering  more 
than  seven  hours  of  two  days.  The  committee 
seemed  favorably  impressed  with  the  presentation 
of  labor's  position  upon  this  question  by  our  Mas- 
sachusetts brethren  and  myself,  and  I  have  been 
asked  to  prepare  a  bill  upon  the  subject.  I  could 
do  no  better  than  to  utilize  our  federal  bill  known 
as  the  Pearre  bill. 

Van  Cleave' s  Suit  Against  the  A,  F.  of  L, 

The  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Co.,  of  St.  Louis, 
of  which  Mr.  J.  W.  Van  Cleave  is  president  (and 
he  is  also  president  of  the  National  Association  of 
Manufacturers),  brought  suit  against  the  A.  F.  of  Lr. , 
the  members  of  its  Executive  Council,  both  offic- 
ially and  individually,  and  several  other  officers 
and  members  of  unions  attached  to  international 
unions  affiliated  to  the  A.  F.  of  L.  The  papers  in 
the  suit  of  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company 
have  been  served  upon  us,  and  also  notice  to  show 
cause  why  a  permanent  injunction  should  not  be 
issued  against  our  publishing  the  company  upon 
the  *'We  Don't  Patronize"  list  in  the  American 
Federation  1ST.  Inasmuch  as  this  report  is  writ- 
ten in  advance  of  the  day  set  for  the  hearing  of 
this  application  for  an  injunction  November  8th,  the 
developments  thereof  will  be  incorporated  in  the- 
report  of  the  Executive  Council.  A  resume  of  some 
of  the  incidents  leading  to  the  present  situation 
may  be  necessary  for  the  proper  understanding  of 
our  position. 

The  International  Brotherhood  of  Foundry  Em- 
ployes and  other  organizations  had  an  agreement 
with  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Ran^e  Com|>any,  and 
some  still  have  agreements,  either  directly  or 
through  an  employers'  association  of  which  the 
Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company  is  a  part.  In  the 
case  where  the  organization  of  labor  was  not  so  well 
fortified,  the  company  antagonized  it,  assuminp^  a 
hostile  attitude  with  a  view  of  crushing  the  union 
and  imposing  unfair  conditions  upon  its  members 
in  the  line  of  work  which  they  performed. 

A  contest  ensued  and  the  organization!  in  ques- 
tion declared  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Com- 
pany, of  St.  Louis,  unfair.  It  appealed  to  all 
organized  labor  and  its  friends  to  transfer  their 
patronage  to  other  and  fairer  employers.  A  simi- 
lar appeal  was  made  to  the  American  Federation 
of  Labor,  and,  pursuing  the  usual  course  followed 
in  cases  of  appeals  of  thiis  character,  I  caused  an 
investigation  to  be  made  and  made  further  inves- 
tigation myself,  and  had  a  representative  of  our 
federation  endeavor  to  bring  about  an  honorable 
adjustment  of  the  controversy  between  the  organi- 
zation primarily  in  interest  and  the  company. 

The  fact  developed  that  Mr  Van  Cleave,  the 
president  of  the  company,  was  known  to  be  so 
hostile  to  all  organized  labor  that  be  violated  the 
agreement  he  had  for  his  company  (through  the 
employers'  association,  of  which  he  was  a  mem- 
ber), with  an  international  union,  and  that  it  was 
only  through  the  disciplinary  power  and  measures 
of  that  employers'  association  ''  "-"is  com- 


pany was  required  to  conform  to  the  agreement. 
In  the  case  in  point  the  International  Brotherhood 
of  Foundry  Employes  had  no  such  advantageous 
position,  and  Mr.  Van  Cleave,  for  his  company, 
exercised  his  antagonism  to  the  fullest. 

The  investigation  dexqonstrated  clearly  Mr.  Van 
Cleave's  hostile  purpose  toward  the  organization 
in  question,  and  every  effort  at  an  amicable  ad- 
justment was  fruitless.  It  was  then  that  my  col- 
leagues and  myself ,  the  Executive  Council,approved 
the  position  and  action  of  the  organization  affected, 
and  this  fact  was  published  in  the  American  Fei>- 
ERATIONIST.  The  suit  is  brought  to  prevent  this 
publication.  It  will  determine  our  legal  right  not 
only,  in  this  instance  but  practically  in  all  siinilar 
cases. 

The  Executive  Council  and  the  other  defendaiiU 
authorized  me  to  retain  competent  counsel  to  de- 
fend our  rights  before  the  court.  In  arguing  a 
preliminary  motion  before  Judge  Clabangh,  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  the 
counsel  for  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company 
substantially  declared  the  following  to  be  about 
the  theory  of  its  ca-e: 

That  the  A.  F.  of  L.  and  all  its  affiliated  organi- 
zations, international,  the  locals  of  internationals, 
state  federations,  city  central  bodies,  locals  af- 
filiated to  them,  all  local  branches  directly  affiliated 
by  charter,  are  engaged  in  one  common  purpose; 
that  they  find  it  inexpedient  to  become  incorpo- 
rated and  are  therefore  bound  to  all  the  legal 
responsibilities  appertaining  to  partners  and  pait- 
nership;  that  under  this  partnership  the  A.  F.  of 
L.  is  legally  responsible  for  the  acts  of  a  constitu- 
ent body  located  at  a  distance  and  even  though 
the  officers  of  our  federation  may  know  nothing 
whatever  of  the  doing[8  of  the  distant  •^partners," 
this  partnership  liabilty  extends  not  merely  to 
contract  relations  but  to  the  tortious  and  wrongful 
acts  of  the  individual  members  of  all  the  organiza- 
tions or  branches  enumerated. 

Our  counsel  advise  me  that  the  idea  of  the  coun- 
sel for  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Co.  is  appar- 
ently that  the  A.  F.  of  L.  and  all  of  its  constituent 
parts  are  running  amuck  in  boycotting,  and  in  this 
course  any  person,  no  matter  how  distantly  asso- 
ciated with  a  * 'minor  union,"  is  responsible  for  all 
of  its  acts.  Our  counsel  add:  *'To  our  minds  this 
theory  outlined  by  the  complainant  is  absolutely 
untenable,  and  the  fact  that  it  is  advanced  indi- 
cates a  want  of  solid  ground  upon  which  to  rest 
the  bill  of  complaint." 

The  taking  of  testimony  will,  I  am  informedt 
shortly  begin. 

Quite  apart  from  the  consideration  of  the  absur- 
dity of  such  a  position,  it  would  make  the  A.  P. 
of  L.,  as  such,  its  executive  officers,  officially  and 
individually, legally  responsible  for  any  action  taken 
by  any  local  union  even  though  remotely  related 
to  the  A.  F.  of  L.  Let  me  present  some  of  the 
fundamental  principles  involved  in  the  assertion  of 
labor's  rights. 

The  ownership  of  a  free  man  is  vested  in  him- 
self alone.  The  only  reason  for  the  ownership  of 
bondmen  or  slaves  is  the  ownership  of  their  labor 
power  by  their  masters.  Therefore,  it  follows  that 
if  free  men's  ownership  of  themselves  involves 
their  labor  power,  none  but  themselves  are  owners 
of  their  labor  power.  Hence,  it  is  essential  that 
the  product  of  a  free  man  is  his  own.  If  he  by 
choice  or  by  reason  of  his  environment  sella  his 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


977 


labor  power  to  another  and  is  paid  a  wage  in  re- 
tarn  therefor,  this  wage  is  his  own.  This  proposi- 
tion is  so  essentially  true  that  it  is  the  unaerlying 
idea  upon  which  is  based  the  entire  structure  of 
private  property.  To  question  or  to  attempt  to 
destroy  the  principle  enunciated,  involves  the  en- 
tire strncture  of  civilized  society. 

The  free  man's  ownership  of  himself  and  his 
labor  power  implies  that  he  may  sell  it  to  another 
or  withhold  it;  that  he  may  with  others  similarly 
situated  sell  their  labor  power  or  withhold  it;  that 
no  man  has  even  an  implied  property  right  in  the 
labor  of  another;  that  free  men  may  sell  their 
labor  power  under  stress  of  their  needs,  or  they 
may  withhold  it  to  obtain  more  advantageous  re- 
turns. 

Labor  power  is  not  a  product;  it  is  a  human 
power  to  produce.  In  its  very  nature  it  can  not  be 
regarded  as  a  trust  or  a  corporation,  formed  in  re- 
straint of  trade.  Any  legislation  or  court  construc- 
tion dealing  with  the  subject  of  organizations, 
corporations  or  trusts  which  curtail  or  corner  the 
products  of  labor,  can  have  no  true  application  to 
the  association  of  free  men  in  the  disposition  or 
withholding  of  their  labor  power. 

The  attempt  to  deny  to  free  men,  by  injunction 
or  other  process,  the  right  of  association,  the 
right  to  withhold  their  labor  power  or  to  induce 
others  to  withhold  their  labor  power,  whether 
these  men  be  engaged  in  an  industrial  dispute 
with  employers,  or  whether  they  be  other  work- 
men who  have  taken  the  places  of  those  engaged 
in  the  original  dispute,  is  an  invasion  of  man's 
ownership  of  himself  and  of  his  labor  power,  and 
is  a  claim  of  some  form  of  property  right  in  the 
workmen  who  have  taken  toe  places  of  strikers, 
or  men  locked  out. 

If  the  ownership  of  free  men  is- vested  in  them 
ancl  in  them  alone,  they  have  noc  only  the  right 
to  withhold  their  labor  power,  but  to  induce 
others  to  make  common  cause  with  them,  and  to 
withhold  theirs  that  the  greatest  advantage  may 
accrue  to  all.  It  further  follows  that  if  free  men 
may  avail  themselves  of  the  lawful  right  of  with- 
hoMing  their  labor  power,  they  have  the  right  to 
do  all  lawful  things  in  pursuit  of  that  lawful  pur- 
pose. And  neither  court  injunctions  nor  other 
processes  have  any  proper  application  to  deny  to 
free  men  these  lawful,  constitutional,  natural  and 
inherent  rights. 

In  the  disposition  of  the  wages  returned  from 
the  sale  of  labor  power,  man  is  also  his  own  free 
agent.  All  things  he  may  lawfully  buy,  he  may 
also  lawfully  abstain  from  buying.  He  may  pur- 
chase from  whomsoever  he  will,  or  he  may  give 
his  patronage  to  another.  What  he  may  do  with 
his  wages  in  the  form  of  bestowing  or  withholding 
his  patronage,  he  may  lawfully  agree  with  others 
to  do. 

No  corporation  or  company  has  a  vested  inter- 
est in  the  patronage  of  a  free  man.  If  this  be 
true,  and  its  truth  can  not  be  controverted  upon 
any  basis  in  law,  free  men  may  bestow  their 
patronage  upon  any  one  or  withhold  it,  or 
bestow  it  upon  another.  And  this,  too,  whether 
in  the  first  instance  the  business  concern  is 
hostile  or  friendly.  It  is  true  for  any  good 
reason,  and  in  the  last  analysis,  for  no  reason  at  all. 
It  is  not  a  question  as  to  whether  we  like  or 
dinlike  lockouts  or  strikes,  boycotts  or  blacklists. 
The   courts  have  declared   that  lockouts  and   the 


blacklists  and  all  that  pertain  thereto  are  not  un- 
lawful. It  is  difficult  to  understand,  then,  unless 
thereis  some  conception  in  the  courts  of  an  employ- 
er's property  right  in  some  form  in  the  laborer  or  the 
laborer's  patronage,  how  they  stretch  their  au- 
thority, peirvert  the  purpose  of  the  law  and  under- 
take by  the  injunctive  process  to  outlaw  either  the 
strike  or  the  boycott. 

To  claim  that  what  one  man  may  lawfully  do 
when  done  by  two  or  more  men  becomes  unlawful 
or  criminal,  is  equal  to  asserting  that  nought  and 
nought  makes  two. 

In  the  case  in  point,  the  suit  brought  against 
us  by  the  Buck's  Stove  and  Range  Company,  an- 
other and  exceedingly  important  feature  is  in- 
volved. It  is  a  blow  aimed  at  the  freedom  of 
speech,  the  freedom  of  assemblage,  the  freedom 
of  thought,  and  particularly  the  freedom  of  the 
press. 

The  constitution  of  the  United  States  and  the 
constitution  of  every  state  in  the  Union  are  in  ac- 
cord with  it,  in  clearly  justifying  labor's  conten- 
tion. 

The  first  amendment  to  the  constitution  of  the 
United  States  provides  that,  "Congress  shall  make 
no  law  lespectiug  an  establishment  of  religion,  or 
prohibiting  the  free  exercise  thereof;  or  abridzing 
ike  freedom  of  speech  or  of  the  press;  or  the  right  of 
the  people  peaceably  to  assemble,  and  to  petition 
the  government  for  a  redress  of  grievances.'* 

The  attempt  to  enjoin  or  prevent  the  publica- 
tion of  the  "We  Don't  Patronize"  list  of  the  A. 
F.  of  L  ,  whether  by  injunctive  process  or  other 
judicial  or  legislative  means,  would  be  in  direct 
violation  of  the  constitutional  gv\arantee  and  would 
indeed  abridge  free  speech  and  free  press.  In  all 
the  land  there  is  neither  law  nor  power  to  enforce 
such  a  decree. 

A  case  in  point  was  brought  to  the  highest  court 
of  Missouri.  The  constitution  of  that  state  pro- 
vides that  "no  law  shall  be  passed  impairing  the 
freedom  of  speech;  that  every  person  shall  be  free 
to  say,  write,  or  publish  whatever  he  will  upon 
any  subject,  being  responsible  for  all  abuse  of 
that  liberty." 

The  Mark  and  Haas  Jeans  Clothing  Company 
vs,  Watson  etal.,  March,  1902.  Watson  and  others 
represented  the  United  Garment  Workers  of 
America  which  issued  a  circular  asking  the  public 
not  to  deal  with  that  house  or  with  other  houses 
using  the  company's  brand  of  clothing.  The  com- 
pany sought  an  injunction  to  prohibit  the  promul- 
gation of  the  circular.  The  circuit  court  denied 
the  writ,  the  defense  being  the  constitutional 
right  of  freedom  of  speech  and  of  the  press.  Upon 
appeal  the  higher  courts  in  Missouri  sustained  that 
contention,  and  held  that  the  idea  underlying  the 
constitutional  |2cuarantee  was  punishment,  not  pre- 
vention; that  if  prevention  exists,  then  there  can 
no  opportunity  possibly  arise  for  one  to  become 
responsible  for  saying,  writing,  or  publishing  any- 
thing he  may  desire  upon  any  question.  The  con- 
stitution, in  forbidding  laws  impairing  the  ri^ht 
of  free  speech  recognized  that  nght  as  pre-exist- 
ent,  and  forbids  legislation  impairing  that  freedom. 
There  is  no  exception  thereto;  the  proscription  is 
affirmative.  The  Missouri  case  to  which  I  have 
already  referred  is  so  important  that  it  deserves 
further  recounting  here. 

The  court  took  up  the  argument  that  an  injunc- 
tion  should  be  issued  beg^pse^t^h e  ^rn^^g  pgt 


978 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


collect  dama^^  from  the  authors  of  the  circular. 
The  court  pointed  out  that  in  the  case  of  Associa- 
tion vs,  Boogher  (3  Mo.  App.,  173),  it  was  decided 
that  a  libel  can  not  be  enjoined  because  owing  to 
the  insolvency  of  the  libeler  the  victim  could  not 
recover  damages  for  the  libel.  For  if  the  remedy 
of  injunction  be  given  because  of  insolvency  of  the 
defendant,  the  freedom  to  speak  and  write  which 
is  secured  by  the  state  to  all  its  citizens  would  be 
enjoyed'  by  a  man  able  to  respond  in  damages  to  a 
civil  action,  and  denied  to  one  who  has  no  property 
liable  to  execution.  The  court  said  there  is  no 
power  to  suspend  the  right  for  a  moment  or  for 
any  purpose.  There  is  no  instrumentality  to  limit 
or  to  restrict  the  right,  except  fear  of  the  penalty, 
civil  or  criminal,  which  may  wait  on  abuse.  Only 
licentious  abuse  of  free  speech  can  be  punished  by 
law.  No  law  can  abridge  the  right  of  free  speech. 
Wherever  the  authority  of  injunction  begins, 
there  the  right  of  free  speech,  free  writing,  free 
publication,  ends.  No  half-way  house  exists  be- 
tween absolute  prevention  and  absolute  freedom. 
The  right  can  neither  be  impaired  by  the  legisla- 
ture nor  hampered  nor  denied  by  the  courts.  That 
a  man  has  no  means,  that  he  can  not  be  mulcted 
in  damages  for  his  speech  or  writings  matters 
not.  The  impecunious  man  has  the  same  right  as 
the  wealthy.  The  exercise  of  the  right  of  free 
speech  is  as  free  and  unrestricted  as  if  no  civil  re- 
covery could  be  had  or  punishment  inflicted  be- 
cause of  its  unwarranted  exercise.  The  fact  that 
the  publication  does  an  actionable  injury  does  not 
go  a  hair  toward  a  diminution  of  the  right  of  free 
speech,  for  the  exercise  of  which,  if  resulting  in 
an  injury,  the  constitution  makes  the  speaker  or 
publisher  expressly  responsible.  Such  respon- 
sibility is  utterly  incompatible  with  authority  in  a 
court  of  equity  to  prevent  such  responsibility  from 
occurring.  William  Marion  Reedy  recently 
declared  that  labor  can  not  be  enjoined  from  con- 
tinuing the  publication  of  the  list  of  ''unfair"  em- 
ployers. Discussing  the  Van  Cleave  suit  against 
us,  he  said:  "The  law  as  to  the  matter  stands  the 
same  under  the  national  constitution  as  under  the 
state  constitutions.  Free  speech  and  free  publica- 
tion are  too  sacred  things  to  be  thrown  overboard 
at  the  request  of  the  National  Association  of  Manu- 
facturers, or  if  not  thrown  over,  reduced  to  such 
meaninglessness  as  now  attaches  to  the  working- 
man's  so-called  'freedom  of  contract. '  ** 

The  rights  laid  down  by  the  court  in  this  case 
support  in  every  regard  the  contentions  of 
organized  laboi*,  and  we  propose  to  contend  for 
our  rights  upon  the  ground  of  the  freedom  of 
'  speech,  the  freedom  of  the  press  in  the  case  of  the 
so-called  boycotts  and  the  right  of  man^s  owner- 
ship of  himself,  of  his  labor  power,  to  sell  it  or  to 
withhold  it,  and  to  do  all  lawful  things  in  further- 
ance of  his  interests,  whether  done  singly  or  col- 
lectively, in  case  of  lockouts,  strikes  or  boycotts. 

Eight  Hour  Bill, 

It  was  reported  to  the  Minneapolis  convention 
that  the  majority  of  the  committee  on  labor  of 
the  House  as  made  up  by  the  speaker  was  hostile 
to  the  interests  of  labor;  that  hearings  were  held 
to  prolong  the  time  so  as  ultimately  to  prevent  the 
passage  of  our  eight  hour  bill;  that  by  mere  acci- 
dent at  one  of  the  hearings  the  minority  members 
of  the  committee  were  in  a  temporarv  maiority  of 
a  quorum  of  the  committee  preser'  ote 


of  that  temporary  momentary  majority  ordered 
that  the  bill  be  reported  favorably  to  the  House 
with  a  recommendation  that  it  pass;  the  bill  was 
so  reported. 

Representative  Rucker,  of  Missouri,  in  the 
course  of  his  speech  on  the  floor  of  the  House,  said 
in  part  that  when  he  asked  the  speaker  to  recog- 
nize him  for  the  purpose  of  asking  consideration 
of  the  eight  hour  bill,  that  he,  the  speaker,  re- 
plied in  lanc^uage  more  forcible  than  polite  that  he 
would  not  recognize  him  or  any  member  of  the 
House  for  the  purpose  of  considering  that  measure. 

We  should  see  to  it  that  t  he  eight  hour  bill  is 
introduced  in  Congress  in  the  early  stages  of  the 
coming  session  and  press  home  the  necessity  foriu 
passage.  The'  eight  hour  bill  proposes  to  carry 
into  effect  the  intention  and  spirit  of  the  eight 
hour  law  of  August  1,  l892. 

Eight  Hour  Law. 

Since  the  issuance  by  the  President  of  theexecn- 
tive  order  of  September  19, 1906,  there  have  been 
fewer  violations  of  the  existing  eight  hour  law 
under  its  limited  interpretation  by  the  courts  than 
theretofore.  Complaints  lodged  with  the  Presi- 
dent were  transmitted  to  the  Commissioner  of  La- 
bor, investigated,  rectified,  and  in  several  instances 
violators  convicted  and  fined. 

The  War  Department  issued  an  order  by  which 
a  number  of  workmen  who  formerly  worked  long 
hours  were  brought  under  the  operation  of  the 
eight  hour  law.  Upon  appeal  to  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States  by  employers  perform- 
ing dredging  work  for  the  government,  the  conrt 
held  that  the  eight  hour  law  did  not  apply  to 
dredgemen,  and  this,  too,  notwithstanding  that 
the  work  performed  was  not  only  work  done  for 
the  federal  government  upon  waters  under  f«xleral 
jurisdiction,  but  also,  in  the  nature  of  things,  the 
work  was  performed  upon  the  public  works  of  the 
federal  government.  In  view  of  the  decision  of 
the  highest  judicial  authority,  our  only  remedy 
lies  in  the  enactment  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  eight  hour 
bill. 

Immigration  Law  and  Interpretation, 

Recognizing  the  influence  for  good  or  evil  of  the 
large  numbers  of  immigrants  brought  to  our  shores, 
the  A.  F.  of  L.  years  ago  impressed  upon  the  pub- 
lic mind  and  upon  Congress  the  necessity  for  better 
regulation  and  restriction  of  immigration.  The 
reports  of  the  immigration  bureau  for  the  past  10 
years  give  the  following  figures  of  immigrants 
coming  to  the  shores  of  our  mainland : 

1898 229.299 

1899  311,715 

1900 448,572 

1901  487,918 

1902 648.743 

1903 «      857,046 

1904 812.870 

1905  1,026,499 

1906 1.100.735 

1907 1,285.349 

Total 7.208,746 

Surely,  such  portentous  figures  of  a  conglomerate 
people  brought  to  our  country  by  various  devices 
must  cause  us  to  pause  and  reflect  whether  this 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


979 


influx  can  long  continue  with  its  apparent  enor- 
mous increase  without  in  a  large  measure  tending 
to  tear  down,  or  to  make  it  additionally  difficult  to 
maintain,  the  American  standard  of  life,  American 
aspirations  for  industrial  and  commercial  progress 
and  moral  advancement  as  well  as  the  perpetuation 
of  the  purity  of  our  republic.  We  have,  therefore, 
urged  u|K>n  Congress  the  necessity  for  the  regula- 
tion and  restriction  of  immigration.  One  of  labor's 
demands  was  enacted  into  law.  That  law  pro- 
hibits making  contracts  for  or  with  laborers  in 
foreign  countries  to  come  to  this  country  to  perform 
work  here,  whether  these  contracts  are  written  or 
implied.  This  law  also  prohibits  advertising  for 
workmen  in  foreign  countries,  and  the  allurement 
of  workmen  by  promises  or  other  devices  to  emi- 
grate here. 

The  bill  also  contains  a  provision  requiring  more 
air  space  per  passenger  over  that  required  hereto- 
fore. Formerly  120  cubic  feet  of  air  space  was 
allowed  for  each  immigrant;  the  requirements  now 
are  180  cubic  feet  per  capita,  and  this  accords 
with  the  most  enlightened  deductions  of  medical 
scientists.  It  will  therefore  take  50  per  cent  more 
ships  than  heretofore  to  brinp^  to  our  shores  the 
same  number  of  people.  This  feature  of  the  law 
goes  into  operation  1908. 

We  urged  that  one  of  the  most  effective  meas- 
ures of  regulation  and  restriction  would  be  an  edu- 
cational test  of  a  simple  character.  Congress  at  its 
last  session  passed  an  immigration  law,  in  some 
respects  an  improvement  over  the  old,  omitting, 
however,  some  of  the  most  effective  features  which 
would  tend  to  decrease  the  immense  numbers  of 
immigrants.  Notwithstanding  our  most  persistent 
efforts,  the  educational  test  was  defeatea.  A  pro- 
vision was  enacted  |)ermitting  agents  of  states  to 
go  to  foreign  countries  and  there  induce  workmen 
to  come  to  the  United  States. 

A  commission  made  up  of  three  members  of  the 
Senate,  three  from  the  House  of  Representatives, 
and  three  citizens  appointed  by  the  President  was 
created  by  the  law  tor  the  purpose  of  making  an 
investigation  of  the  entire  subject  of  immigration, 
the  committee  being  authorized  to  visit  foreign 
countries  for  that  purpose.  It  is  regrettable  that 
some  representative  of  labor,  the  interest  more 
largely  involved  than  any  other  in  the  subject- 
matter  for  investigation,  was  not  designated  as  a 
member  of  that  commission. 

In  connection  with  this  subject  your  attention  is 
called  to  the  fact  that  in  the  new  law,  as  in  the  old 
for  more  than  30  years,  the  provision  is  continued 
generally  known  under  the  anti-alien  contract  labor 
feature  of  the  immigration  law.  Some  months  ago 
a  body,  of  workmen  was  engaged  in  a  strike  en- 
tirely provoked  by  the  employers.  The  employers 
set  out  to  obtain  workmen  by  contract  in  foreign 
countries  to  come  here  and  perform  that  work. 
Protest  was  made  against  their  ^d mission,  and  the 
Board  of  Special  Inquiry  at  Ellis  Island  sustained 
the  protest  and  ordered  the  deportation  of  the 
contract  workmen.  From  that  order  the  employ- 
ers through  their  counsel  appealed  to  the  Depart- 
ment of  Commerce  and  Labor,  which  in  turn  sub- 
mitted the  question  to  the  Department  of  «Justice. 
The  attorney-general,  the  chief  of  that  depart- 
ment, rendered  an  opinion  which  practically  de- 
clared that  '*  workmen  of  like  kind  "  could  not  be 
obtained  in  the  United  States,  and  this,  too,  not- 
withstanding there  were  over  one  hundred  unem- 
ployed who  were  capable  and  willing  to  perform 


the  required  work,  but  who  declined  to  resign  their 
membership  in  an  organization  as  a  condition  pre- 
cedent to  such  employment.  Bound  by  the  opin- 
ion of  the  attorney-general,  the  Department  of 
Commerce  and  Labor  decided  in  accoraance  there- 
with, reversed  the  order  of  the  Board  of  Special 
Inquiry  for  the  deportation  of  these  contract 
workmen,  and  they  were  admitted. 

A  similar  case  occurred  in  another  industry 
quite  recently  and  the  same  theory  of  the  law 
was  enforced — that  is,  workmen  were  engaged  in 
a  strike,  the  employers  contracted  with  workmen 
in  a  foreign  country,  and  these  workmen  were  per- 
mitted to  enter  upon  the  theory  that  there  were 
not  **  workmen  of  like  kind  "  unemployed  in  the 
United  SUtes. 

We  contend  that  the  alien-contract  labor  feature 
of  the  immigration  law  was  designed  aud  enacted 
for  the  purpose  of  preventing  American  workmen 
from  being  defeated  in  an  effort  to  improve  their 
conditions,  and  particularly  to  prevent  deteriora- 
tion, and  that,  therefore,  regardless  of  whether 
the  relations  of  workmen  with  their  employers  are 
of  the  most  amicable  character,  or  whether  they 
anticipate,  or  are  engaged  in,  a  trade  dispute  in- 
volving either  a  strike  or  a  lockout,  employers  are 
prohibited  by  the  law  from  bringing  workmen  to 
the  United  States  under  contract,  or  promise  of 
employment,  whether  written  or  implied. 

Indeed,  the  anti-alien  contract  labor  feature  of 
the  immigration  law  was  enacted  at  the  urgent 
request  of  labor,  and  is  now  generally  recognized 
as  a  small  measure  of  justice  to  labor. 

While  we  discourage  any  demand  which  is  eithet 
impractical  or  unjustifiable,  we  yet  contend  that 
the  demands  of  workmen  upon  their  employers  in 
no  way  enters  into  the  question  as  to  whether 
*•  workmen  of  like  kind  "  are  employed  or  unem- 
ployed in  the  United  States.  That  workmen  have 
been  locked  out  by  their  employers  or  are  on  strike 
does  not  enter  into  the  situation,  regardless  of  the 
questions  in  contention  between  such  workmen  and 
such  employers.  The  fact  they  are  workmen  ca- 
pable of  performing  the  service  required  and  are 
unemployed  is  in  itself  the  condition  prohibiting 
employers  from  entering  into  a  written  or  implied 
contract  for  "workmen  of  like  kind*'  coming 
from  any  foreign  country  to  our  own.  This  case, 
was  fully  presented  on  pages  550-55.  August,  1907, 
issue  of  the  American  Federationist. 

In  connection  with  this  case  interviews  were 
held  with  the  Secretary  of  Commerce  and  Labor, 
and  the  first  case  to  which  I  referred  was  discussed 
and  the  question  of  principle  involved  fully  con- 
sidered. Under  the  law  the  secretary  could  not 
reopen  the  case  in  which  the  decision  was  rendered. 
He  expressed  his  view  that  the  principles  for  which 
we  contend  are  sustained  by  the  law.  In  any 
event,  we  must  feel  assured  as  to  this  feature  of 
the  law.  It  must  be  maintained  in  its  essence  and 
in  its  effect  as  designed  and  enacted— that  is,  for 
the  protection  of  the  American  working  people — 
or  we  must  seek  a  new  enactment  to  cover  the 
breach  in  the  law  made  by  the  opinion  rendered 
by  the  attorney-general. 

Recently  the  attorney-general  ruled  that  though 
states  may  advertise,  setting  forth  the  advantages 
and  resources  qf  their  respective  states,  they  can 
not  enter  into  contracts  with  alien  laborers  to 
bring  them  to  the  United  States,  nor  prepay  their 
passage. 

One  of  the  provisions  of  the  recent  enacted  l€ 


980 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


migration  law  wris  the  creation  of  a  **Diviaion  of 
InK>rmation."  The  purpose  of  this  provision  is 
that  workmen  lawfully  comins;  to  the  United  States 
may  be  aided  in  a  more  intelligent  choice  of  loca- 
tion in  which  to  seek  employment.  It  is  intended 
to  be  a  means  for  the  better  distribution  of  immi- 
grants lawfully  entitled  to  come  to  our  country, 
and  if  administered  fairly  is  calculated  to  be  of 
least  injury  to  labor.  Your  attention  is  invited  to 
the  correspondence  on  the  subject  published  in 
the  August,  1907,  issue  of  the  American  Fbdbr- 
ATiONisT,  pages  556-59. 

Convict  Labor  Bill, 

In  regard  to  our  convict  labor  bill,  it  is  but  nec- 
essary to  say  that  it  has  for  its  purpose  simply  the 
Protection  of  the  workmen  in  the  states  which 
ave  secured  a  solution  of  the  problem,  from  the 
convict  labor  of  other  states  which  have  neglected 
or  refused  to  legislate  favorably  upon  the  subject 
and  which  seek  to  profit  by  sending  their  convict- 
made  products  for  sale  into  other  states.  I  can  do 
no  better  than  to  quote  the  report  of  the  legisla- 
tive committee  upon  this  subject.  It  is  as  follows: 

The  convict  labor  bill,  as  Introduced  by  Representa- 
tive Hunt,  of  Missouri,  and  which  passed  the  House  in 
the  first  session  of  the  50th  Ck>ngres8,  was  referred  to  the 
Senate  Judiciary  Ck)raralttee,  wno  In  turn  referred  it  lo 
a  subcommittee,  consisting  of  SenatorM  Knox,  of  Penn- 
sylvania; Spooner,  of  Wisconsin,  and  Bacon,  of  Georgia. 
EVery  possible  pffort  was  made  to  obtain  favorable 
action  on  this  bill  by  the  Senate,  and  to  that  end  numer- 
ous communications  were  transmitted  to  the  execu- 
tive officers  of  the  various  national  and  International 
unions,  requesting  that  their  local  afflllHted  unions 
should  petition  their  Senators  asking  for  favorable 
action  upon  this  bill.  Similar  letters  were  alRO  sent  Co 
the  state,  central,  and  local  unions  affiliated  directly 
with  the  A.  K.  of  L.  Other  interestn  which  favored  the 
passage  of  this  bill  were  also  00  mm  tin  tea  ted  with,  re- 
questing their  assistance  in  our  efforts  to  have  this  bill 
become  a  law. 

Several  interviews  were  had  with  the  Senators  on  the 
subcommittee,  who  seemed  to  be  favorably  disposed 
towards  the  passage  of  the  bill.  However,  when  the  full 
committee  took  the  matter  up  for  consideration  the 
claim  was  made  that,  on  account  of  the  shortness  of 
time  and  the  importance  of  the  measure,  dealing  as  It 
does  with  the  question  of  interstate  commerce,  it  was 
decided  to  lay  it  over  until  the  next  Congress.  A  large 
amount  of  printed  and  written  matter  containing  argu- 
ments in  favor  of  the  bill  was  presented  to  Senator 
Knox,  who  was  chairman  of  the  subcommittee,  and 
who,  after  reading  it,  stated  to  your  committee  that  a 

f:reat  deal  of  the  argument  and  evidence  was  a  revela- 
ion   to  him,  he  not  having  had  an  opportunity  pre- 
viously to  become  familiar  with  the  subject. 

He  gave  us  his  assarance  tbU  be  would  make  an  earn- 
est study  of  the  bill  during  the  summer  months.  We 
hope,  and  are  led  to  believe  from  his  manner  and  ex- 
pression, that  he  will  give  the  measure  his  influential 
support  in  the  60th  Ck>ngress. 

Law  Reducing  Hours  of  Labor  of  Railroad 
Men, 

Congress  passed  a  law  making  it  unlawful  for 
any  common  carrier,  its  officers  or  agents,  to  re- 
quire or  permit  any  employe  to  remain  on  duty 
for  a  longer  period  than  sixteen  consecntive  hours; 
and  that  he  shall  not  again  be  required  or  permit- 
ted to  work  unless  he  has  had  at  least  ten  consecu- 
tive hours  oflF  duty.  The  bill  also  prohibits  any 
operator,  train  dispatcher  or  other  employe  who 
by  the  use  of  the  telegraph  or  telephone  dispatches 
or  receives  reports  or  orders  regarding  train  move- 
ments, to  be  required  or  permitted  to  remain  on 
duty  for  a  longer  period  than  nine  hours  in  any 
day. 

Of  course,  it  is  not  to  be  inferred  that  the  rail- 


road men  generally  work  the  limit  of  hours  pre- 
scribed by  the  law,  but  it  frequently  occurs  tnat 
they  are  so  required  and  that  to  that  fact  more 
than  to  any  other  has  been  due  most  of  the  terri- 
ble loss  of  life  upon  the  railroads  of  oar  coontxy. 

The  organizations  of  railroad  employes,  aided 
by  our  legislative  committee  and  other  represen- 
tatives of  our  federation,  urged  upon  Congrcsi 
the  necessity  for  the  passage  of  a  law  of  an  eSect- 
ive  and  remedial  character.  This  bill  was  fought 
insidiously  and  persistently  by  corporate  power 
and  those  in  control  of  legislation  in  Congress. 

The  bill  in  cjuestion  was  fathered  by  Senator  La 
Follette,  of  Wisconsin,  who  gave  it  his  almost  un- 
divided attention  and  secured  its  final  passage 

Though  the  law  is  by  no  means  satisfactory  or 
what  labor  and  all  the  people  have  a  right  to  ex- 
pect, nevertheless,  its  enactment  makes  for  prog- 
ress and  will  render  effective  amendment  less 
difficult  in  the  future.  The  bill  goes  into  effect 
March  fourth  of  the  coming  year. 

Ship  Subsidy  Schemers. 

In  compliance  with  your  instructions,  together 
with  the  legislative  committee  of  the  A.  F.  of  L., 
I  entered  protest  against  the  passage  of  the  meas- 
ure commonly  known  as  the  ship  subsidy  bill,  oot 
merely  because  of  the  ship  subsidy  proposition  in 
itself,  but  particularljr  because  it  gave  no  proper 
consideration  to  the  rights  and  interests  of  the  sea- 
men, but  on  the  contrary,  under  the  pretense  of 
creating  a  volunteer  naval  militia  from  among  the 
enlisted  men,  it  proposed  practically  to  intrc^uce 
compulsory  naval  service  in  time  of  peace  or  war 
from  the  men  employed  in  the  merchant  marine. 
This  subject  was  fully  covered  in  my  report  to  the 
Minneapolis  convention. 

While  the  ship  subsidy  bill  was  under  considera- 
tion I  unearthea  and  exposed  a  scheme  of  the  pro- 
moters of  the  ship  subsidy,  who  undertook  to 
suborn  and  corrupt  one  or  two  men  in  New  York 
so  as  to  make  it  appear  that  the  men  of  organized 
labor  were  in  opposition  to  the  A.  F.  of  L.  upon 
this  measure.  •  The  forgery  of  names  of  officers  of 
unions,  counterfeit  seals,  and  letter-heads,  to  send 
out  fraudulent  appeals  to  organized  labor  of  the 
country  for  the  support  of  the  bill  in  opposition 
to  the  A.  F.  of  L  ,  were  a  few  of  the  means  em- 
ployed. The  entire  expose  was  placed  before  the 
prosecuting  officers  of  New  York  city,  before  the 
committee  on  merchant  marine  and  fisheries,  and 
published  in  full  in  the  January,  1907,  issue  of  the 
American  Federationist. 

The  bill  was  defeated  by  labor,  the  corrupt 
methods  of  the  ship  subsidy  promoters  to  the 
contrary  notwithstanding.  But  that  the  bill  will 
make  its  appearance  in  future  Congresses  no  one 
who  knows  the  calibre  and  character  of  its  pro- 
moters will  doubt.  You  should  give  further 
directions  so  that  your  officers  and  representa- 
tives may  govern  themselves  accordingly. 

It  may  be  interesting  to  note  that  the  known  in- 
terests as  well  as  the  secret  promoters  of  the  ^p 
subsidy  bill  are  the  chief  opponents  not  only  to 
labor's  eight  hour  bill,  but  to  all  of  the  relief  Kg* 
islation'for  which  labor  has  declared. 

Anti-PUotage  BiU  KiUed. 

The  Littlefield  bill  for  the  abolitkm  ol 
sory  pilotage  of  vessels  was  pressed  to  ft 
by  him  in  the  second  session  of  Ite  ' 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


981 


Oar  legislative  committee  reported  upon  it  as  fol- 
lows: 

This  was  one  of  the  measures  that  he  (LIttlefleld) 
took  occasion  daring  last  ftill's  campaign  to  defend  and 
through  It  incidentally  availed  himself  of  the  opportu- 
nity to  denounce  the  A.  F.  of  L.  and  Its  officers  for  their 
opposition  to  that  hill.  When  It  was  called  up  by  that 
gentleman  In  the  House,  he  felt  absolutely  confident  of 
lu  passage,  but  the  measure  was  fought  Just  as  stub- 
bornly by  the  representatives  of  labor  to  the  last  mo- 
ment. A  long  debate  took  place  upon  the  bill,  and  on  a 
standing  vote  being  taken  ft  appeared  as  if  the  bill  had 
pasaed  bv  a  vote  of  i:^  ayes  to  116  nays;  but  the  opponents 
of  the  bill  being  on  the  alert  demanded  a  roll-call  which 
resulted  as  follows:  in  favor  of  the  bill,  100;  opposed,  165. 
Thus,  one  of  the  pet  bills  of  Mr.  Ltttlefield,  the  notorious 
opponent  of  labor  and  special  advocate  of  the  manuCac- 
turers'  association,  received  Its  quietus. 

Wage  Increase  in  Postal  Service. 

In  compliance  with  the  declaration  of  our  fed- 
eration and  particularly  that  of  the  Minneapolis 
convention  {resolutions  67  and  101),  we  finally 
secured  from  Congress  an  increase  in  the  salaries 
of  letter-carriers  and  post  office  clerks  and  em- 
ployes of  the  railway  mail  service.  Several  other 
features  of  improvement  in  the  conditions  of  the 
postal  service  employes  are  included  in  the  law, 
though  it  is  silent  respecting  the  application  of  the 
eight  hour  law  to  the  postal  clerks. 

Our  legislative  committee,  reporting  upon  this 
subject,  says: 

We  feel  that  after  many  vears  of  effort  and  labor  In 
the  direction  of  benefiting  the  clerks  and  carriers,  that 
the  wedee  has  been  entered  which  will  undoubtedly 
bring  to  them  greater  and  more  beneficent  results  In  the 
near  future. 

Your  attention  is  invited  to  the  full  report  of  the 
legislative  committee  published  in  the  April,  1907, 
issue  of  the  Ambrican  Fbderationist,  and  also 
to  my  report  to  the  Minneapolis  convention  upon 
the  subject  of  labor  legislation  in  the  59th  Con- 


Trust  Legislation — Organized  Labor  Not  a  Trust. 

For  many  years  industrial  combination  among 
employers — that  is,  in  the  form  of  corporations 
and  trusts— has  been  the  subject  of  discussion 
among  all  our  people.  That  there  is  much  misin- 
formation tipon  the  subject  is  beyond  question. 
As  an  organization,  the  labor  movement  has  viewed 
the  trusts  as  employers  of  labor,  and  our  attitude 
toward  them  has  been  gauged  by  their  course 
toward  workmen  as  employes.  Each  of  our  vast 
membership  exercises  his  judgment  and  action  to- 
ward corporations  and  trusts  as  his  individual 
opinion  may  determine,  uninfluenced  by  any  con- 
crete expression  from  our  general  labor  move- 
ment. 

One  grave  error  into  which  some  people  fall, 
particularly  the  opponents  to  our  movement,  is  to 
designate  the  organ  izatioi^s  of  labor  as  * 'trusts.'* 

The  trade  union  is  not,  and  from  its  very  nature 
can  not  be,  a  trust. 

Trusts  consist  of  organizations  for  the  control 
of  the  products  of  labor. 

Workmen  possess  their  labor  power — that  is,  the 
power  to  produce.  Workmen  have  not  any  pro- 
ducts for  sale. 

There  certainly  can  not  be  a  trust  in  anything 
which  has  not  been  produced.  It  is,  therefore, 
economically  unsound,  as  well  as  untrue,  to  desig- 
nate labor  organizations  as  "  trusts." 

The  trust  is  an  association  of  the  owners  and 


controllers  of  the  product  of  labor  for  the  benefit 
of  a  few. 

The  trade  union  is  an  association  of  many  for  the 
benefit  of  all. 

This  subject  I  have  more  fully  discussed  in  an 
address  which  I  recently  delivered,  and  which  is 
published  in  the  editorial  section  of  the  November 
issue  of  the  Ambrican  Pbdbrationist,  and  to   ' 
which  attention  is  invited. 

A  conference  was  recently  held  at  Chicago, 
where  the  question  of  trusts,  combinations  and 
labor  organizations  was  discussed.  A  number  of 
active  workers  in  the  labor  movement  participated. 
Among  the  resolutions  adopted  was  one  urging 
upon  Congress  the  appointment  of  a  commission 
composed  of  representatives  of  labor  and  capital 
and  of  the  general  public,  to  investigate  the  whole 
subject  and  to  inquire  to  what  extent  interpreta- 
tions of  the  courts  have  gbne  denying  to  the  organ- 
izations of  labor  the  right  to  enter  into  trade  agree- 
ments relating  to  wages,  hours  of  labor,  and  con- 
ditions of  employment. 

This  entire  subject  should  have  the  consideration 
of  this  convention.  It  is  a  matter  to  which  we 
shall  be  required  to  give  our  attention  in  the  very 
near  future.  The  Sherman  anti-trust  law  and  the 
interstate  commerce  law,  intended  to  cover  those 
corporations  and  trusts  dealing  with  the  control 
and  transportation  of  products,  have,  by  the  inter- 
pretation of  the  courts,  been  made  to  apply  to  the 
organizations  of  workingmen.  It  will  be  remem- 
bered that  when  Congress  a  few  years  ago,  in  the 
House  of  Representatives,  undertook  to  amend  the 
Sherman  anti-tru3t  law,  those  in  charge  of  the  bill 
refused  to  accept  labor's  amendment,  which  made 
the  distinction  between  trusts  and  corporations  on 
the  one  hand  and  organizations  of  labor  on  the 
other.  We  finally  secured  the  adoption  of  our 
amendment  while  the  bill  was  under  discussion  in 
the  House,  but  after  that  amendment  was  adopted 
no  further  interest  in  the  passage  of  the  bill  was 
manifested. 

It  will  be  necessary  for  labor  to  be  ock  the  alert 
when  the  subject-matter  is  again  under  Congres- 
sional consideration,  and  this  convention  should 
plainly  indicate  its  desire  in  regard  thereto. 

Oklahoma— New  State— Its  Constitution. 

During  the  year  the  representatives  of  the  peo- 
ple of  Oklahoma  and  the  Indian  Territory  met  in 
constitutional  convention,  and  under  the  enabling 
act  passed  by  Congress  by  which  the  two  territo- 
ries were  to  become  one  state,  with  great  care  they 
discussed  and  adopted  a  constitution  for  the  new 
state,  the  state  to  be  known  as  Oklahoma.  By  rea- 
son of  the  extension  of  our  movement  to  both  ter- 
ritories and  the  directions  given  me  by  the  A.  F. 
of  L.  to  secure  better  general  laws  from  the  federal 
government  so  far  as  they  might  apply  to  mining 
and  other  labor  conditions  there,  a  voluminous 
correspondence  was  entered  into  between  repre- 
sentative men  of  both  territories  who  realized  that 
some  assistance  should  also  be  given  them  in  the 
consummation  of  their  hoi>es  for  statehood.  This 
was  readily  accorded. 

Prior  to  and  during  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion I  had  the  honor  of  having  submitted  to  me 
for  consideration  and  advice  a  number  of  propo- 
sitions affecting  the  general  rights  of  the  people  of 
the  contemplated  new  state,  and  particularly  of 
those  affecting  labor  an<^ij,f^§5  ^(^o^^^g^e 


982 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


these  I  gave  the  best  advice  of  which  I  was  ca* 
pable. 

The  constitution  was  submitted  to  a  referendum 
of  the  people  and  ratified  by  an  overwhelming 
majority. 

It  is  a  matter  of  great  personal  pride  to  me  that 
the  constitutional  convention  unanimously  adopted 
a  resolution  presenting  to  me  the  pen  with  which 
the  officers  ot  the  convention  signed  the  constitu- 
tion of  the  state  of  Oklahoma.  The  President  has 
approved  the  constitution  and  will  issue  bis  proc- 
lamation recognizing  Oklahoma  in  the  family  of 
states  in  the  union  of  the  United  States  of  America. 

In  the  current  issue  of  the  American  Federa- 
TiONiST  I  publish  extracts  from  the  constitution 
of  Oklahoma.  Reference  to  it  will  show  that  the 
new  state  has  had  more  real  regard  for  liberty  and 
the  rights  of  man  and  the  protection  of  her  people 
than  has  thus  far  been  manifested  by  any  other 
state  in  the  union.. 

Jurisdiction  Claims — Adjust fpienls—  Contentions — 
Power  to  Decide. 

During  the  year  there  has  been  a  considerable 
number  of  jurisdictional  disputes  among  affiliated 
organizations.  Some  have  assumed  acute  form,  a 
number  of  others  have  been  adjusted,  and  still 
others  remain  the  same,  each  side  contendrng  for 
its  claims. 

Sedfnen — Longshoremen . 

In  connection  with  the  general  subject  of  juris- 
diction disputes  your  attention  is  called  to  the  fact 
that  in  the  dispute  existing  for  a  considerable 
period  of  time  between  the  International  Seamen's 
Union  and  the  International  Longshoremen's  As- 
sociation, the  Pittsburg  convention  directed  that 
the  two  organizations  should  select  two  representa- 
tives each,  these  four  to  select  a  fifth,  to  determine 
the  right  to  the  use  of  the  name,  **  Marine  and 
Transport  Workers,"  in  addition  to  that  of  the 
International  Longshoremen's  Association,  and  as 
to  certain  classes  of  work  coming  under  their  re- 
spective jurisdictions.  The  conference  was  held 
under  these  instructions,  and  an  effort  made  to 
have  both  parties  come  to  a  mutual  agreement, 
but  without  success. 

The  representatives  of  both  organizations  se- 
lected a  fifth  person  as  arbitrator,  one  in  whom 
they  both  expressed  their  confidence  as  to  his 
ability,  honesty,  and  impartiality.  They  declared 
in  advance  that  their  respective  organizations 
would  abide  by  the  decisiop  and  award  which  he 
might  render;  yfet  within  a  few  weeks  after  the 
award  and  decision  were  rendered  I  was  officially 
informed  that  the  convention  of  the  International 
Longshoremen's  Association  had  rejected  it. 

This  case  is  cited,  first,  as  a  matter  of  fact  and 
record;  and,  second,  to  show  that  at  times  when 
representatives  on  behalf  of  their  organizations 
declare  in  advance  that  they  will  abide  by  a  de- 
cision or  award  of  an  arbitrator,  their  organizations 
may  decline  to  hold  themselves  bound  thereby. 

Electrical  Workers— Stage  Employes, 

In  the  changing  conditions  of  industry  a  matter 
of  controversy  arose  between  thd  Brotherhood  of 
Electrical  Workers  and  the  International  Alliance 
of  Theatrical  Stage  Employes  as  to  rival  claims 


covering  a  lar^  number  of  men  doing  certa.u 
classes  of  electrical  work  in  theatrical  and  otbrr 
amusement  places.  By  conference  with  the  ex- 
ecutive officers  of  the  organizations  in  interest  and 
acting  as  arbitrator  for  them,  an  award  was  ren- 
dered which  both  assure  me  will  redound  to  the 
advantage  of  all  concerned. 

A  number  of  other  cases  have  been  determine 
in  a  similar  manner,  each  of  which  has  firmly 
fixed  in  my  mind  the  fact  that  there  is  not  one  of 
these  rival' claims  to  jurisdiction  .which  in  itself  U 
so  important  but  that  it  could  be  adjusted  upon  i 
fair  basis  without  injury  to  any,  but  with  advantage 

to  an. 

It  depends  almost  entirely  upon  the  frame  of 
mind  into  which  representatives  of  organizations 
not  only  work  themselves,  but  also  their  member- 
ship. Once  allow  the  thought  of  expansion  sn<l 
claims  to  jurisdiction  to  become  uppermost,  and 
whether  justified  or  otherwise,  it  becomes  a  domi- 
nating factor  to  which  nearly  all  else  is  subordi- 
nated. It  arouses  ihe  antagonism  of  the  other 
organizations  in  interest,  and  what  might  have 
been  a  simple  matter,  in  the  course  of  time  be- 
comes a  bitter  contest  of  rival  jurisdiction  claims, 
arousing  all  the  bitterness  of  the  contestants. 
This  results  in  the  injury  of  both  organizations 
and  their  membership,  as  well  as  embroils  em- 
ployers who  often  want  to  live  in  peace  and  agree- 
ment with  organized  labor,  and  yet  who  are  made 
innocent  sufferers.  At  the  same  time  it  gives  the 
opportunity  to  such  other  employers  who  may  be 
so  inclined  to  take  advantage  of  the  existing 
rivalry  to  still  further  foment  discord  and  antag- 
onism to  their  own  profit. 

In  this  era  of  the  growth  and  development  of 
our  labor  movement,  the  increasing  intelligence  of 
our  fellow-workers,  their  loyalty  and  devotion  to 
organized  labor,  and  the  great  fundamental  princi- 
ples and  purposes  for  which  it  aspires,  as  well  is 
the  relentless  antagonism  of  the  worst  elements  of 
the  capitalist  class,  it  behooves  you  and  me.  the 
men  entrusted  with  the  vast  interests  our  fellow- 
workers  have  committed  to  our  care,  to  show  b? 
our  course  and  our  conduct  that  we  are  worthy  of 
their  great  confidence. 

We  should  approach  and  deal  with  the  contro- 
versial questions  and  jurisdiction  disputes  in  that 
broad  spirit  that  shall  tend  toivard  the  co  operation 
or  federation  of  the  organizations  in  interest  in  ike 
hope  that  wherever  possible  they  may  eveninaUj 
amalgamate^  thereby  working  for  the  individnd 
and  common  good  of  all. 

The  question  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  undertaking  to 
decide  and  define  claims  to  jurisdiction  is  one  to 
which  we  must  give  our  deepest  concern.  In- 
herently an  international  union  is  sovereign  unto 
itself,  and  our  federation  can  rightfully  exercise 
only  such  functions  as  are  delegated  to  it  by  the 
component  parts  which  have  instituted  it  and 
which  constitute  its  make-up. 

For  many  years  the  A.  F.  of  L.  undertook  to  be 
helpful  to  affiliated  organizations  in  arriving  at  a 
just  solution  of  rival  claims  to  jurisdiction;  to  be 
a  mediator  and  conciliator,  lind  when  called 
upon,  to  declare  its  judgment  as  to  the  justice  and 
fairness  of  claims.  This  course  was  nntster- 
ruptedly  pursued  with  the  greatest  possible  sot- 
cess,  until  at  the  New  Orleans  convention,  uader 
the  stress  of  intense  feeling  and  ezcitemeiit,  a  lei- 
olution  of   a    ^j^^j^tory  character  was  adopted 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


983 


applying  to  an  international  union.  Unquestion- 
ably in  the  instance  cited  the  resolution  was  pre- 
dicated upon  the  consent  in  advance  of  all  parties 
to  the  controversy  to  abide  by  any  decision  which 
the  A.  F.  of  L.  might  render. 

In  so  far  as  the  case  in  point  is  concerned,  there 
may  be  some  sort  of  justification,  but  in  itself  the 
influence  exerted  by  the  adoption  of  that  policy 
has  not  and  can  not  operate  to  the  success  and  per- 
manency of  the  true  general  labor  movement 

It  is  true  that  the  A.  P.  of  L.  both  directly  and 
indirectly  has  organized  thousands  upon  thou- 
sands of  local  unions,  and  a  very  large  number  of 
international  unions;  but  after  all,  the  work  was 
primarily  instituted  by  the  international  unions 
organizing,  continuing,  and  financing  the  A.  P.  of 
L.  in  the  performance  of  that  work. 

Inherently  the  trade  unions  are  of  primary  ex- 
istence and  importance. 

Surely,  no  one  is  Justified  in  questioning  my  love 
of  and  loyal  devotion  to  the  A.  P.  of  L.  No  one 
realizes  more  than  do  I  the  great  good  and  far- 
reaching  service  it  has  rendered  the  working  peo- 
ple of  our  country  by  organizing  and  encouraging 
the  organizations,  by  spreading  the  gospel  and  the 
rights  of  labor,  and  by  upholding  to  the  public 
conscience  the  wrongs  from  which  labor  suffers. 
Our  federation  has  pressed  home  at  any  and  all 
times  the  demands  which  labor  makes  upon  mod- 
ern society  now  and  for  the  future. 

In  recognizing  all  the  great  work  and  good 
achieved  for  labor  by  our  federation,  we  must  bear 
in  mind  that  in  the  last  analysis  we  dare  not  de- 
part from  the  true  conception  of  the  fact  that  to 
the  international  trade  unions  belongs  all  power 
not  specifically  delegated  to  our  federation. 

That  I  have  great  confidence  in  the  .future  of 
our  federation  no  one  has  the  right  to  question; 
but  I  am  fully  persuaded  that  if  we  hope  to  main- 
tain its  continuity  indefinitely  for  the  future;  if 
we  would  have  it  escape  the  pitfalls  into  which 
other  previous  general  organizations  have  fallen, 
and  which  have  engulfed  them,  it  is  our  bounden 
duty  to  come  nearer  to  the  first  essential  principle 
upon  which  our  federation  is  founded— that  is,  to 
afford  and  guarantee  to  all  affiliated  international 
unions  the  largest  liberty  of  internal  action  con- 
sistent with  the  general  well-being  of  all  labor. 

In  my  iudgment,  before  larger  powers  should  be 
exercised  by  the  A.  P.  of  L.  than  have  already 
been  delegated  to  it,  the  international  unions 
should  so  specifically  express  themselves.  The 
discussion  of  a  proposition  of  such  a  character 
might  not  be  at  all  ou^  of  place,  not  only  in  our 
conventions,  nor  confined  to  the  conventions  of 
our  international  unions,  but  among  the  rank  and 
file  of  the  men  of  labor  in  their  local  unions.  We 
might  thereby  obtain  the  best  possible  expression 
of  the  will  and  purpose  of  the  hosts  of  labor. 

Among  the  subjects  for  such  a  discussion  the 
following  suggest  themselves: 

Shall  the  A.  P.  of  h.  undertake  to  decide  finally 
questions  of  jurisdiction  between  organizations 
and  enforce  the  same,  even  to  the  extent  of  the 
revocation  of  a  charter  held  by  an  international 
union  (should  it  fail  to  abide  by  a  decision  ren- 
dered) and  the  reorganization  of  such  an  interna- 
tional union? 

Shall  the  A.  P.  of  L.  create  a  general  fund  by 
assessment  upon  affiliated  organizations,  the  fund 


to  be  available  for  international  unions  engaged  in 
trade  disputes? 

Shall  the  A.  P.  of  L-  create  a  fund  for  better  ad- 
vertising union  labels  and  for  the  cultivation  of  a 
greater  demand  for  union  label  products? 

Shall  the  conducting  and  termination  of  boy- 
cotts be  under  the  direction  of  the  A.  P.  of  It, 

As  already  indicated,  a  number  of  rival  claims 
to  jurisdiction  have  been  adjusted  by  mediation 
and  conciliation,  and  also  by  the  award  of  arbitra- 
tors. Were  it  not  for  these  facts,  I  should  have 
no  hesitancy  in  recommending  that  the  A.  P.  of 
L.  should  not  permit  its  officers  or  authorized  com- 
mittees to  act  as  arbitrators  in  any  dispute  between 
affiliated  organizations  unless  both  or  all  of  them 
vitally  interested  have  by  a  convention,  a  refer- 
endum vote  or  by  such  other  means,  provided  by 
the  organizations,  declared  unequivocally  that 
they  will  abide  by  any  award  or  decision  made 
and  rendered  by  a  board  of  arbitration.  However, 
so  long  as  some  good  results,  and  perhaps  the  best 
results,  are  obtained  by  pursuing  the  present  pol- 
icy of  conciliation,  it  might  work  to  the  disad- 
vantage of  our  movement  did  we  adopt  a  hard  and 
fast  rule  which  would  preclude  us  from  pursuing 
such  effective  work  as  the  material  and  the  oppor- 
tunity may  afford. 

Progress  of  Union  Label  Work. 

Officers  of  various  organizations  report  that  there 
has  been  a  more  general  demand  for  union  labeled 
products  this  year  than  ever  before.  The  union  label 
IS  at  once  a  guarantee  of  better  conditions  accorded 
to  the  producer  of  the  article  which  it  covers  and 
better  sanitary  and  more  healthful  conditions  un 
der  which  it  was  produced.  It  is  a  means  by  which 
practical  assistance  may  be  rendered  to  our  fellow- 
workers  in  the  betterment  of  their  factory  and 
home  lives.  Effective  aid  to  our  fellow-toilers  can 
be  rendered  by  union  workmen  r.nd  sympathizers 
with  our  cause,  insisting  upon  the  union  label. 
Its  reward  both  to  Consumer  and  user  is  as  great 
as  to  the  producer.  No  service  which  we  can 
render  our  feHows  entails  less  effort  and  expense 
and  brings  larger  results  than  the  demand  for  the 
union  label  upon  every  article  purchased. 

It  is  not  too  much  that  our  movement  asks  of 
our  fellow-unionists  and  friends  that  they  give 
their  loyal  support  to  the  demand  not  only  for 
union-labor  products,  but  union-labeled  products. 
The  union  label  is  the  silent  harbinger  of  better 
things  to  come. 

We  have  issued  a  number  of  appeals  and  much 
literature  upon  the  subject  of  union  labels  and 
also  a  number  of  union-label  bulletins.  I  recom- 
mend that  authority  be  given  for  the  free  distribu- 
tion to  the  central  bodies  and  local  unions  of  the 
large  number  of  union-label  bulletins  now  at 
headquarters. 

I  recommend,  too,  that  all  international  unions, 
city  central  bodies,  and  local  unions  inaugurate 
an  effective  campaign  for  the  union  label. 

Education — Labor — Progress. 
Some  years  ago  I  was  directed  to  make  an  in- 
vestigation as  to  the  attitude  of  teachers  in  public 
schools  toward  the  children  of  the  working  peo- 
ple and  the  economics  of  the  day  relating  to  labor, 
and  also  as  to  the  attitude  of  college  professors  to- 
ward the  same  subject.  ^ 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


984 


AAtERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


The  followiug  may  be  stated  as  the  concensus  of 
the  prevailing  position  and  opinion: 

That  many  different  polntaof  view  are  honestly  repre- 
sented by  our  college  and  university  teachers,  and  some 
are  progressive  and  seek  to  keep  in  touch  with  labor* 
monopoly,  and  taxation  problems  and  kindred  subjects; 
while  others  are  more  interested  in  purely  theoretical  or 
historical  subjects. 


The  average  teacher  does  not  have  a  chance  to  apprec- 
ate  fdlly  the  industrial  problems  of  the  day.  He  is  liv- 
ing on  »  fixed  salary,  which  does  not  vary  from  year  to 


year,  while  his  position  is  comparatively  fixed  and  inde- 
pendent of  crises,  strikes,  trusts,  etc.,  which  so  vitally 
enter  into  the  life  of  the  day. 

He  is  usually  connected  with  some  institution  which 
either  obtains  its  fUnds  from  men  of  large  wealth,  who 
are  making  money  rapidly  in  connection  with  special 
privileges,  or  he  is  in  some  state  institution  which  de- 
pends for  its  financial  development  upon  state  legisla- 
tures, which  In  turn  are  largely  controlled  by  corporate 
interests  that  have  some  ax  to  grind.  All  this  creates 
an  atmosphere  of  conservatism.  The  social  relations  of 
a  college  or  univeritity  teacher  are  likewise  usually 
among  those  not  largely  in  sympathy  with  the  prob- 
lems that  you  have  in  mind. 

There  has  been  during  the  last  ten  years  a  growing 
tendency  among  trustees  of  both  public  and  private 
univertiities  in  selecting  new  men  to  take  those  who 
have  not  said  or  written  anything  likely  to  antagonize 
possible  donors.  Consequently,  the  men  selected,  while 
in  most  cases  sincere  men,  are  likely  to  be  men  of  a  con- 
servative point  of  view  along  the  line  of  applied  eco- 
nomics. 

Despite  all  these  influences,  the  college  teacher 
inev  itably  imbibes  some  of  the  spirit  of  the  age,  and  can 
not  teach  his  subject  without  calling  attention  to  some 
of  the  best  of  the  liberal  books  and  articles  bearing 
upon  It. 

Further  investigation  demonstrates  beyond 
question  that  this  statement  of  facts  is  absolutely 
accurate  in  every  particular.  And  this  is  equally 
true  of  and  largely  applies  to  men  in  professional  life. 

With  a  view  of  a  better  understanding  of  the 
cause  for  which  our  movement  stands,  a  large 
quantity  of  literature  on  different  phases  of  the 
labor  question  has  been  published,  including  an 
open  letter  to  the  ministers  of  the  ^os{>el  which 
was  sent  to  ministers  of  every  denomination  whose 
addresses  we  could  secure. 

The  economic  demands,  some  of  which  were  de- 
clared at  the  Minneapolis  convention,  have  been 
printed  in  pamphlet  form  and  generally  distributed. 
These,  together  with  the  American  Fedbration- 
IST  and  other  literature  we  publish,  must  largely 
tend  toward  disseminating  a  better  understanding 
of  the  principles  and  philosophy  underlying  our 
labor  movement.  This  work  will  not  only  bear  its 
fruits  in  our  ranks,  but  it  will  also  awaken  the 
public  conscience  and  tend  to  the  formation  of  a 
higher  and  better  public  Opinion. 

Nothing  is  so  hurtful  to  our  cause  as  lack  of  in- 
formation. As  a  corollary,  the  widest  and  deepest 
study  is  most  helpful  to  our  progress  and  success. 
I  commend  to  you  and  to  all  our  fellow-workers  a 
more  general  demand  for  and  reading  and  study 
of  the  American  Federationist,  the  literature, 
circulars,  etc.,  which  are  printed  by  the  A.  F.  of 
L. ,  the  cost  of  which  is  small  and  much  of  which 
can  be  obtained  for  the  mere  asking. 

American  Federation  of  Labor  Exhibit  at  James- 
town. 
Pursuant  to  instructions,  a  most  extensive,  ar- 
tistic, and  practical  exhibit  was  arranged  and  made 
for  the  Jamestown  Exposition.  It  consists  of  two 
distinctive  features,  one  of  a  sociological  charac- 
ter showing  the  history,  the  work,  and  the  meth- 
ods of  and  the  advantages  secured  iox  labor,  and 
indicating  the  hopes  and  aspirations  for  a  brighter 
and  a  better  day  tor  all.    Tne  other  feature  shows 


the  products  of  union  labor  bearing  the  nnion  label 
Too  much  credit  can  not  be  given  to  Vice- 
President  Moms  for  his  intelligent  and  inde^. 
gable  effort  to  secure  the  co-operatioti  of  employ, 
ers  of  union  labor  who  use  the  onion  UibeL  Our  ex- 
hibit occupies  4,000  square  feet  of  floor  spftce  in  the 
Social  Economy  Building,  and  is  worthy  of  a  viot 
and  critical  examination  by  any  delegate  or  visi- 
tor who  has  not  yet  seen  it.  We  have  attendants 
in  charge  who  intelligently  explain  and  interpret 
not  only  the  superficial  but  the  underljring  tenden- 
cies and  purposes  of  our  movement  and  our  work. 
Two  articles  descriptive  of  the  exhibit  have  ap- 
peared in  the  August  and  September  issnes  of  the 
American  Federationist  for  this  year.  Litera- 
ture upon  the  subject  of  our  movement  has  bees 
freely  given  to  visitors,  and  a  special  pamphlet 
explanatory  of  the  exhibit  has  also  been  prepared 
and  published  for  free  distribution,  a  copy  o{ 
which  will  be  furnished  to  you. 

American  Federationist — Extend  Its  Injtuei^ce. 

The  growing  esteem  which  is  manifested  for 
our  official  magazine,  the  American  Federa- 
tionist, must  be  to  us  all  a  source  of  grati6cation. 
Not  only  is  this  true  among  the  active  participants 
and  workers  in  our  movement,  but  it  applies 
equally  to  students,  thinkers,  and  friends  who 
look  to  its  columns  for  information  as  well  as  for 
inspiration. 

We  have  published  in  the  American  Federa- 
tionist contributed  articles  from  a  number  of 
competent  writers  in  our  own  ranks  and  from  those 
who  are  sympathetically  inclined  toward,  and  who 
favor,  our  cause.  Among  the  latter  we  have  bees 
benefited  by  contributions  for  which  magazines, 
regarded  as  being  in  the  first  rank,  have  been  will- 
ing to  compensate  the  writers  highly.  The  writers, 
however,  have  preferred  that  their  productions 
and  opinions  should  appear  in  labor's  official  mag- 
azine, asking  therefor  no  financial  return. 

It  is  a  fact,  though,  that  we  are  deprived  of  the 
benefit  of  some  of  the  best  literary  productions  bj . 
reason  of  our  present  inability  to  pay  a  fair  con- 
sideration to  men  who  can  and  are  willing  to 
write,  and  yet  who  can  not  give  the  labor  of  their 
brains  and  pens  without  some  compensation.  If 
more  ample  means  were  provided  by  you  for  the 
improvement  of  our  magazine,  and  for  its  more 
general  circulation,  by  subscription  or  by  pur- 
chase from  news  agencies,  there  can  be  no  ques- 
tion but  that  its  influence  for  good  in  the  interests 
of  labor  would  extend  in  a  still  greater  degree. 

In  our  magazine  there  appear  monthly  the  re- 
ports of  the  officers  of  national  and  intemations} 
unions  and  organizers  from  all  parts  of  the  Ameri- 
can continent.  They  give  news  freshly  gathered 
from  the  field  of  labor;  the  latest  word  from  work- 
shop, factory,  mill,  and  mine,  the  arteries  of  com- 
merce and  the  means  of  transportation. 

The  report  of  the  federation's  financial  transac- 
tions recording  every  dollar  received,  the  source 
from  which  it  comes,  the  purpose  for  which  it  is 
expended,  and  to  whom  it  is  paid,  is  published  in 
detail  monthly  and  is  a  means  to  inspire  confi- 
dence of  financial  integrity. 

The  monthly  chart  shows  at  a  glance  the  accu- 
rate state  of  employment  and  unemployment.  The 
data  for  it  is  gathered  from  the  most  reliable 
sources.  It  is  a  feature  in  which  a  constantly 
growing  interest  is  manifested 


Digitized  by 


t^bogie 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


985 


Editorially,  I  have  endeavored  to  express  the 
views  and  voice  the  best  sentiments  and  highest 
aspirations  of  our  movement  and  our  men.  I  am 
often  invited  by  magazines  and  agencies  to  write 
for  them,  flattering  compensations  being  oflFercd. 
I  prefer,  however,  to  convey  my  best  thought 
through  the  columns  of  our  own  publication. 

But  what  is  uppermost  in  my  mind  is  to  en- 
deavor to  impress  upon  you,  and  all  organized 
labor,  the  possibilities  for  the  American  Federa- 
TiONiST,  did  all  do  their  dutv.  There  is  no  rea- 
son why  the  American  Fbdbrationist  should 
not  find  its  place  in  the  homes  of  the  wage  earners 
of  our  country,  at  least  in  the  homes  of  the  orga»-^ 
ized  working  people. 

You  will  be  pleased  to  learn  that  at  the  end  of 
our  fiscal  year  the  American  Fkderationist, 
with  all  its  organizing  and  educational  influence, 
has  not  only  been  without  financial  cost  to  the 
A.  F.  of  L.,  but  that  the  sum  of  $1,749.86  is  to  its* 
credit. 

America's  Labor  Press, 

I  can  not  adequately  express  my  own  apprecia- 
tion and  the  deep  obligation  I  feel  that  our  fellow- 
workers  owe  to  the  magnificent  labor  press  of 
America.  It  is  of  immeasurable  value  to  labor  to 
have  a  regular  publication,  not  only  to  espouse  its 
cause  in  a  specific,  general,  theoretical,  or  aca- 
demic character,  but  one  which  will  put  the  **best 
foot  forward*' and  express  the  right  word  at  the 
right  time  in  defense  and  in  advocacy  of  labor's 
rights.  The  influence  of  the  labor  press  is  even  as 
wide  if  not  wider  outside  of  our  own  ranks  than  is 
generally  known  or  acknowledged.  A  bona  fide 
labor  paper,  apart  from  the  direct  good  work  which 
it  does,  compels  the  general  public  press  to  be 
more  decent  in  its  consideration  of  and  attitude 
toward  our  cause  and  our  movement.  I  regard  it 
as  an  imperative  duty  which  all  members  of  organ- 
ized labor  should  perform  to  give  their  moral  and 
financial  support  to  the  labor  press  of  our  country. 

American  Federation  of  Labor  Organizers. 

It  is  a  pleasure  to  be  enabled  to  report  the  con- 
tinued and  increasing  devotion  and  ability  mani- 
fested by  the  work  ofthe  A.  F.  of  L.'s  organizers, 
both  salaried  and  volunteer.  Not  only  in  fulfill- 
ment of  my  own  convictions,  but  also  in  com- 
pliance with  your  instructions,  I  have  appointed  an 
additional  number  of  organizers,  a  number  as  large 
as  the  finances  of  our  federation  would  permit. 
There  is  not  a  dollar  which  we  expend  in  organiz- 
ing purposes  but  which  yields  its  advantages  to 
our  fellow- workers  and  to  our  movement,  and  it 
should  be  our  aim  to  increase  and  extend  this 
beneficent  work.  It  must  be  kept  in  mind,  bow- 
ever,  that  when  organizers  are  appointed  upon 
salary  thev  must  be  paid  and  their  expenses  borne. 
Hence,  additional  means  must  be  provided  if  we 
decide  to  increase  the  work  of  such  organizers. 
Of  course,  it  would  be  most  unwise  as  well  as  most 
unjust  to  dispense  with  organizers  who  have  ren- 
dered faithful  and  capable  services  for  the  appoint- 
ment of  others  even  of  equal  devotion  and  ability. 
It  is  to  be  expected  that  the  salaried  organizers 
sliall  be  indefatigable  and  render  loyal  and  faithful 
service.  Nothing  more  can  be  expected;  nothing 
less  has  been  accepted.  They  are  constantly  re- 
quired to  live  up  to  the  highest  standard  of  effi- 
ciency and  devotion  to  the  cause  of  labor. 

Of  our  volunteer  organizers  no  different  standard 


has  been  tolerated,  but  as  much  of  devotion  of 
their  time  and  ability  to  the  cause  could  not,  of 
course,  be  expected.  I  am  quite  sure  that  I  am 
safely  within  the  truth  in  declaring  that  no  or- 
ganization or  institution  on  earth  has  so  large  a 
number  of  self-sacrificing,  earnest,  devoted  volun- 
teer workers  as  has  the  A.  F.  of  L.  in  its  corps  of 
voldnteer  organizers.  They  are  men  who  in  season 
and  out  of  season  devote  all  their  spare  time,  often 
encroaching  upon  their  working  time,  giving  it 
ungrudgingly,  aye,  gladly  and  enthusiastically, 
for  the  promotion  of  the  cause  and  for  the  advance- 
ment of  the  movement,  a  work  which  is  inspiring, 
noble,  and  holy.  Their  reward  is  the  reward  of 
all  who  devote  themselves  to  the  interests  and  well- 
being  of  their  fellows,  the  satisfaction  of  a  work 
well  done  for  the  common  uplift  of  humanity. 
Conclusion. 

The  year  past  has  been  one  of  the  most  exacting 
of  the  many  years  of  what  I  may,  with  some  de- 
gree of  justice,  say  has  been  a  busy  life.  The 
duties  devolving  upon  me  are  manifold,  and  of  a 
widely  divergent  character.  To  give  to  all  our 
men  and  organizations  the  best  advice  and  the 
most  ready  assistance  at  all  times  is  my  endeavor; 
to  carry  out  and  comply  fully  with  the  consti- 
tutional provision  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  applying  only 
to  the  president — that  is,  that  he  '^shall  devote  bis 
entire  time  to  the  federation** — is  what  I  most 
earnestly  strive  to  do. 

It  is  not  generally  understood  how  varied  and 
constant  are  the  duties  which  devolve  upon  the 
president  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.,  particularly  if  his  sole 
aim,  purpose  and  ambition  are  to  serve  his  fellow- 
workers  to  the  fullest.  I  realize  that  without  the 
advice  and  co-operation  of  my  colleagues  of  the 
Executive  Council  and  the  oflScers  of  all  our  or- 
ganizations, whether  national,  state,  or  local, 
without  the  support  of  our  organizers  and  repre- 
sentatives, much  of  that  which  I  have  done  or  at- 
tempted to.  do  could  not  have  been  accomplished, 

I  am  conscious  of  this  one  fact:  That  I  have  en- 
deavored to  give  the  best  that  is  in  me,  the  best  of 
which  I  am  capable,  for  the  protection,  advance- 
ment, and  fulfillment  of  the  highest  and  deepest 
interests  of  our  fellow- workers  and  my  fellow-mt  n. 
There  is  not  in  my  heart  one  feeling,  or  in  my 
mind  one  thought,  other  than  that  which  aims  to 
aid  in  the  achievement  of  the  noblest  impulFes 
and  aspirations  of  the  hosts  of  labor. 

If  time  shall  deal  kindly  with  me,  it  is  my  sincer- 
est  desire,  whether  in  office  or  taking  m^r  place  in 
the  great  rank  and  file,  always  to  aid  in  giving 
voice  to  the  underlying  principles  and  philosophy 
of  the  labor  movement  of  my  time — the  labor 
movement  which  stands  for  justice  now  and  is  the 
guiding  star  of  hope  for  the  future. 

To  live  to  be  of  service  to  one's  fellows,  to  aid  in 
the  effort  to  make  this  day  and  the  days  to  come 
better  than  the  day  that  has  passed  is  an  inspira- 
tion and  a  reward  that  exalts  beyond  the  concep- 
tion of  our  ignorant  or  sordid  opponents. 

To  be  regarded  as  one  who,  even  in  a  moderate 
degree,  may  be  looked  upon  as  an  exemplar  of 
that  faith  and  hope,  is  my  highest  ambition.  To 
the  fullest  attainment  of  the  principles  and  pur- 
poses for  which  our  movement  stands,  I  hope  to 
live  only  that  I  may  serve  and  aid. 
Fraternally  yours, 

Samuei.  Gompers,         j 
President,  American  Federation  of  Labor  j\^ 

3 


986 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


What  Our  Organizers  Are  Doing. 

Prom  thb  ATulntic  to  thb  Pacific 

In  this  department  is  presented  a  comprehensive  review  of  industrial  conditions  throughout  the 
country. 

This  includes : 

A  statement  by  American  Federation  of  Labor  general  and  local  organizers  of  labor  conditions  is 
their  vicinity. 

Increases  in  wages,  reduction  of  hours,  or  improved  conditions  gained  without  strikes. 

Work  done  for  union  labels. 

Unions  organized  during  the  last  month. 

City  ordinances  or  state  laws  passed  favorable  to  labor. 

Strikes  or  lockouts ;  causes,  results. 

A  report  of  this  sort  is  rather  a  formidable  task  when  it  is  remembered  that  nearly  1,000  of  the 
orj^anizers  are  volunteers,  doing  the  organizing  work  and  writing  their  reports  after  the  day's  toil  is 
finished  in  factory,  mill,  or  mine. 

The  matter  herewith  presented  is  valuable  to  all  who  take  an  intelligent  interest  in  the  industrial 
development  of  the  country.  It  is  accurate,  varied,  and  comprehensive.  The  information  comes  from 
those  familiar  with  the  conditions  of  which  they  write. 

These  organizers  are  themselves  wage- workers.  They  participate  in  the  struggles  of  the  people  for 
better  conditioniB,  help  to  win  the  victories,  aid  in  securing  legislation — in  short,  do  the  thousand  and 
one  things  that  go  to  round  out  the  practical  labor  movement. 

Through  an  exchange  of  views  in  this  department  the  wage-workers  in  various  sections  of  the 
country  and  the  manifold  branches  of  trade  are  kept  in  close  touch  with  each  other. 

Taken  in  connection  with  the  reports  from  secretaries  of  international  unions,  this  department 
t(ives  a  luminous  vision  of  industrial  aavancement  throughout  the  country. 


FROM  INTERNATIONAL  OFFICERS. 


Blacksmiths* 
Roady  Kenehan  — There  is  good  demand  for 
men  in  our  trade.  We  have  no  unemployed  mem- 
bers. Trade  conditions  good.  Voluntary  increase 
in  wages  has  been  granted  in  some  sections.  Dur- 
ing the  past  year  27  charters  have  been  issued  from 
our  headquarters.  We  have  four  trade  organizers 
at  this  time.  New  unions  have  been  organized  in 
the  New  England  states. 

Bridge  and  Structural  Iron  Workers* 
y.  y.  McNamara. — Trade  conditions  generally 
improving.  Our  members  fairly  well  employed, 
although  tbere  is  general  strike  against  the  open 
shop  which  is  advocated  by  the  American  Bridge 
Company.  We  had  12  deaths  recently  and  paid 
out  |1,200  in  death  benefits. 

Brushmakers. 
y  M.  McElroy, — We  are  organizing  our  trade, 
and  would  appreciate  any  assistance  rendered  by 
A.  P.  of  L.  organizers.  Our  label  is  being  adver- 
tised, and  we  are  booming  other  trade  labels  in 
connection  with  our  own. 

Cement  Workers* 

Henry  Ullner. — Our  annual  convention,  which 

was  held  recently,  re-elected  the  following  officers: 

General    president,     Tracy;     secretary-treasurer, 

Henry    Ullner;    second    vice-president,    Malloy; 


third  vice-president.  White;  fifth  vice-president, 
Watson,  and  created  two  more  vice-president 
offices  to  the  executive  board,  as  well  as  an  organ- 
izer for  our  trade.  We  are  looking  forvrard  to  a 
bright  future  for  our  organization. 

Foundry  Employes* 
Geo,  Bechtold. — We  are  doing  everything  pos- 
sible to  organize  the  foundry  laborers,  and  have 
recently  established  two  new  locals,  one  in  Hor- 
nell,  N.  Y.,  and  the  other  in  Brainerd,  Minn. 

Jewelry  Workers* 
Wm.  Schade,—^^  recently  signed  the  label 
agreement  with  five  shops.  We  would  urge  all 
members  of  organized  labor  to  look  for  axra  de- 
mand the  jewelry  workers*  union  label  when 
purchasing.  We  are  assisting  the  button,  badge. 
and  novelty  workers  to  organize.  We  have  formed 
new  unions  in  New  York  City  and  St.  Louia,  Mo. 

Lathers* 
Ralph  Brandi  — New  unions  have  been  fonacd 
in  Wilkesbarre,   Pa..   Paducah,    Ky.,    Goldfiald. 
Nev.,  and  Meriden,  Conn.    We  have  aatisEaciQ|Py 
s'^ttled   strike  against  open    shop  in   ~ 
Trade  slacking  up  a  bit  at  this  i 

Machine  Printers  and  Color 
Chas,  iVicCr^o'.— Trade  conditlowa 
improving.     Nol^^^te.^^^,,;,^^ 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


987 


organization  need  be  oat  of  employment  at  this* 
time.  Our  trade,  which  was  formerly  confined  to 
one  locality,  is  now  spreading  throughout  the 
country. 

Stationary  Rremen. 

C,  L,  Shamp. — ^We  are  agitating  for  the  eight 
hour  day  and  have  about  eighty-five  per  cent  of  our 


trade  on  the  eight  hour  basis  with  more  pay  than  re- 
ceived for  12  hour  day  previous  to  organization. 
We  are  rapidly  increasing  our  membership.  New 
unions  have  been  chartered  in  Oelwein,  Iowa; 
Hartford,  Conn.,  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  Austin,  Tex., 
and  Bscanaba,  Mich.  At  the  present  writing  our 
union  in.  San  Francisco  is  on  strike  for  shorter 
workday. 


FROM  DISTRICT,  STATE,  AND  LOCAL  ORGANIZERS. 


ALABAMA* 

Seltna. — Geo.  Hfirrison: 

Organized  labor  making  good  progress.  The 
trades  and  labor  counsel  of  this  city  has  issued  a 
uniform  working  card,  which  will  be  a  great  bene- 
fit to  the  building  trades.  No  strikes  or  changes 
in  labor  conditions  to  report.  We  have  a  number 
of  trades  here  in  which  there  are  but  few  work- 
ers, and  on  this  account  they  have  not  yet  been 
organized.  Tinners  have  organized.  Clerks  are 
likely  to  organize. 

ARKANSAS. 

Denning.—^.  P.  Gowing: 

All  organized  labor  making  steady  gains. 
Union  farmers  are  making  good  progress.  Hours 
have  been  reduced  in  several  trades  and  wages  in- 
creased very  noticeably  during  the  month.  Em- 
ployment has  been  fairly  steady.  We  make  it  a 
point  to  let  alone  all  products  which  do  not  bear 
the  union  label.  Have  two  new  unions  under  way. 

Hot  Springs— V,  I.  Hensley: 

The  building  trades  are  well  organized,  about 
eighty-seven  per  cent  of  that  industry  belonging  to 
the  unions.  Bartenders  are  nvaking  steady  gains  in 
membership.  Every  newspaper  and  job  office  in  the 
city  is  unionized.  No  strikes  to  report.  Harmony 
prevails  among  the  industries  of  this  city.  Unorgan- 
ized workers  are  working  longer  hours  for  less  pay 
than  the  union  men  receive.  Farmers'  union  co- 
operates with  us.  Retail  clerks  and  cigarmakers 
are  about  to  organize.  Our  label  committee  is 
doing  good  work. 

Spadr a. —^ohu  Morgan: 

Practically  all  the  farmers  are  organized  through- 
out this  section.  Wherever  there  are  enough  work- 
ers in  one  industry  to  form'a  union  we  are  getting 
them  in  line.  There  is  good'demand  for  the  union 
labels.  Quarry  workers  of  Lamar  have  organized 
and  teamsters  and  retail  clerks  are  organizing. 

CAUFORNIA. 

Los  Angeles,— h.  D.  Biddle: 

Work  is  steady,  but  there  are  plenty  of  idle  men 
here.  Carpenters  are  out  to  maintain  the  eight 
hoar  day.  We  are  promoting  all  union  labels. 
Batcher  workers  have  organized  and  several  other 
trades  are  getting  in  line. 

Sacramento. — H.  G.  Prey: 

With  the  exception  of  some  of  the  building 
trades  employment  has  been  steady.  Industrial 
conditions  fair.  Wages  remain  about  the  same. 
Union  men  receive  about  twenty-five  per  cent 
higher  wages  than  the  non-unionists.  A  union 
label  committee  has  been  formed  and  the  union 
labels  are  required  on  all  city  and  county  printing. 
Theatrical  ushers  are  about  to  organize. 


COLORADO. 

Colorado  Springs.— K.  C.  Wright: 

Future  looks  bright  for  organized  labor  in  this 
city.  A  federated  trades  council  of  this  city  has 
been  organized  and  is  doing  good  work.  Employ- 
ment has  been  steadv  and  we  expect  it  to  continue 
so.  Tiiere  are  only  few  unorganized  workers  here 
an4  we  are  doing  our  best  to  get  them  in  line. 
Carpenters  have  secured  agreement  giving  them 
$4.80  a  day  after  April,  1908.  Expect  to  report  the 
teamsters  organized  next  month. 

CONNECTICUT. 

New  Haven.— VrtitiY]' Hot  An: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  has  greatly  im- 
proved since  last  report.  The  trades  council  is  now 
planning  a  series  ot  mass  meetings  to  be  held  dur- 
ing the  winter,  in  order  to  awaken  the  interest  of 
workingmen  on  unionism  and  political  matters 
pertaini  ng  to  the  welfare  of  the  people.  The  union 
men  of  this  city  do  not  buy  the  products  of  unfair 
firms,  but  we  would  desire  that  the  unorganized 
classes  would  seriously  consider  the  benefits  which 
come  from  the  patronage  of  union  labels  on  all 
products.  Tinners  are  on  strike  for  |3  a  day,  and 
prospects  are  bright  for  their  victory. 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

Washington, —S^m  DeNedrey: 

Organized  labor  generally  in  good  shape.  There 
are  few  unorganized  trades  in  the  District  of  Co- 
lumbia. Employment  continues  steady;  good  de- 
mand for  unskilled  labor.  Paperhiingers  secured 
increase  from  $3.30  to  $\  a  day  of  eight  hours, 
without  strike.  An  effort  is  being  made  by  the 
Employers*  Association  to  establish  the  open  shop 
in  building  trades,  but  little  progress  has  been 
made  so  far.  Wages  are  materially  higher  for 
union  men  as  compared  with  the  non-unionists. 
Persistent  agitation  of  the  union  labels  creates  a 
good  demand  for  them.  Have  organized  an  asbes- 
tos workers*  union  recently. 

FLORIDA. 

St.  Augustine,— John  H,  Pomar: 

Conditions  secured  by  organized  trades  are  far 
superior  to  those  of  the  unorganized.  All  organ- 
izations of  this  city  are  making  steady  gains  in 
membership.  Painters  have  increased  wages  from 
$2.50  to  |3  a  day  without  strike.  Employment 
continues  steady.  Good  work  has  been  done  for 
the  union  labels. 

Tampa. — Augustin  Sineriz: 

We  are  working  earnestly  with  the  cigarmakers, 
and  hope  to  have  them  see  the  necessity  of  organ- 
ization before  very  long.  Other  trades  are  pretty 
well  represented  in  organizations.  Carpenters, 
electrical  workers,  and  sheet  xjpctal  vf orkers  hayiep 


988 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


advanced  wages  25  cents  a  day  this  year  without 
strike.  The  child  labor  law  is  being  enforced. 
Tobacco  strippers'  union  has  been  organized  dur- 
ing the  month.     Have  another  union  under  way. 

Tarpon  Springs. — Victor  Castaing: 

Industrial  conditions  good  and  union  men 
steadily  employed.  We  are  always  working  for  the 
union  labels. 

IDAHO. 

Boise. —l,  W.  Wright: 

Organized  labor  in  all  trades  has  been  fully  oc- 
cupied, but  employment  becomes  dull  in  the 
winter  months.  Under  any  conditions  and  at  all 
seasons  are  union  men  preferred  to  the  unorgan- 
ized workers.  Mechanics  have  been  very  bnsy. 
The  contemplated  work  for  the  next  spring  is 
enormous  and  it  will  be  a  busy  winter  for  the 
unions  to  get  in  shape  for  the  spring  opening. 
About  seventy  per  cent  of  the  workers  are  mem- 
bers of  unions.  In  several  instances  have  wages 
been  increased »  because  of  the  shortage  of  help. 

ILLINOIS. 

Benton.—C.  E.  McCollom: 

Union  men  have  enjoyed  steady  employment 
all  the  year.  We  have  not' had  to  strike  for  im- 
proved conditions,  as  we  have  secured  our  de- 
mands without  trouble.  We  are  pushing  the  union 
labels  to  the  front. 

Bloomingion. — W.  S.  Caven: 

Industrial  conditions  fair  and  employment 
steady.    We  always  demand  the  union  labels. 

Carrier  Mills.— U.  T.  Davis: 

Owing  to  their  ptersistent  agitation  the  union 
men  are  constantly  improving  their  working  con- 
ditions; the  unorganized  conditions  can  not  com- 
pare with  them.  Carpenters  of  Grand  Chain  have 
organized. 

Cenlralia.— Chris.  Pfeiffer: 

Nearly  all  unions  are  making  steady  progress. 
Employment  has  been  steady.  '  Wages  have  been 
advanced  without  strike  by  several  organizations. 
Very  few  non-unionists  in  this  vicinity. 

Du  Quoin.— T.  Davis: 

We  have  practically  every  trade  organized  now. 
Emplovment  has  been  plentiful.  Improvements 
in  condition,  wages,  and  hours  have  been  conceded 
without  strike.  We  have  a  movement  on  foot 
with  a  view  to  increase  the  patronage  of  the  union 
labels.  Recently  the  city  council  unanimously 
passed  a  scale  of  wages  for  the  street  laborers. 
The  scale  was  the  one  asked  for  by  the  unions. 

La  Salle. — George  A.  Hunter: 

Employment  has  been  plentiful  in  practically 
all  lines.  There  is  good  demand  for  the  union 
labels.  Unions  as  a  rule  are  adding  to  their  mem- 
bership. Our  central  labor  body  has  decided  to 
meet  Sunday  mornings  in  order  to  get  a  better  at- 
tendance. 

J^arion.—Tanl  J.  Smith: 

Union  labor  in  good  shape  and  steadily  em- 
ployed. Some  industries  have  bettered  their  condi- 
tion without  strike.  Clerks  are  asking  a  minimum 
scale  of  $9  a  week.  Teamsters  employed  on  city 
work  are  out  for  $4  a  day.  A  majority  of  the  city 
council  have  agreed  to  pay  the  union  scale  of 
wages,  so  we  look  for  a  speedy  settlement.  Nearly 
every  union  in  this  city  has  a  committee  to  look 


JEifter  the  union  labels.  A  federal  nnion  has  been 
formed  since  last  report. 

Mendota.—}.  B.  Phelps: 

All  labor  steadily  employed.  Unskilled  laborers 
get  $1  for  nine  hours.  Carpenters  receive  from  35 
to  40  cents  an  hour  and  nine  hour  day,  while 
masons  get  50  cents  an  hour  and  nine  hour  day. 
Good  demand  for  labor;  there  is  not  enough  on 
account  of  large  amount  of  street  paving  to  to  be 
done.  Expect  to  do  some  organizing  work  this 
winter.  We  are  with  the  sentiments  expressed  in 
yonr  circular  about  Speaker  Cannon. 

Monmouth.— IS,,  K.  Brasel: 

Organized  trades  making  steady  progress,  and  in 
most  instanced  have  bettered  their  wages  without 
strike.    We  buy  no  goods  without  the  union  label. 

O' Fallon.— IS.  M.  Evans: 

Industrial  conditions  good.  We  have  had  no 
strikes  or  other  troubles.  Am  working  to  orgmsize 
employees  in  a  steel  range  factory.  Other  organi- 
zations are  in  good  shape.  Pair  demand  for  the 
union  labels. 

Am.— Edward  Low: 

Work  in  all  lines  is  plentiful.  The  unorganized 
workers  have  long  working  hours  and  receive  poor 
pay.  We  demand  all  union  labels.  Our  unions 
building  up  their  membership  and  doing  good 
work. 

Rockford.—^.  H.  Hammond: 

Organized  labor  rapidly  gaining  a  solid  foothold 
in  this  vicinity.  Teamsters,  firemen,  clerks,  and 
boilermakers  are  forming  unions.  State  federa- 
tion of  labor  convention  was  held  here  a  short 
time  ago,  and  great  interest  was  manifested  in  its 
proceedings. 

Springfield.— K.  E.  Wcodmansee: 
•  Union  labor  in  this  city  was  never  in  better  con- 
dition than  at  the  present  time.  The  unorgmnized 
workers  are  appealing  to  the  union  men  for  assist- 
ance. Employment  is  steady.  No  changes  in 
wages  or  hours  since  last  report.  Union  label 
league  is  doing  good  work.  While  we  have  no 
new  unions  to  report  as  organized,  we  can  point  to 
a  large  increase  in  membership  of  the  varioas 
unions  in  this  city.  Coal  teamsters,  elevator  start- 
ers,- and  insurance  solicitors  are  getting  ready  to 
organize. 

5)^fiff/o».— Joseph  W.  Rizzie: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress.  Em- 
ployment has  been  steady.  No  smkes  to  report. 
Cement  workers  and  barbers  are  organizing.  Good 
demand  for  the  union  labels. 

Taylorvil/e.—jAmts  A.  Holmes: 

Wherever  there  is  demand  for  labor,  the  union 
men  are  shown  the  preference  as  against  the  on- 
organized  laborers.  Wages  in  this  city  are  good. 
We  urge  the  demand  of  the  union  labels  at  all 
times. 

INDIANA. 

Evansville. — P.  D.  Drain: 

Work  is  plentiful.  Union  men  steadily  employed 
and  enjoy  the  shorter  workday.  Pew  strikeshave 
occurred,  since  the  workers  have  learned  that 
arbitration  is  the  best  method  of  •*^^<«y  toe 
differences  between  employers  and  rmpfcjia 
There  is  vast  difference  between  orgaaind  mfA 
unorganized  conditions,  the  former  a 
four  hours  less  workday  than  the  1 


labor  union  at  Bopne;ville  has  bcoNantlABL 


Digitized  by^ 


C 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


989 


Logansport, — Dora  Smith  and  O.  P.  Smith: 

All  un  ons  in  this  city  are  active  and  conditions 
are  very  satisfactory  for  union  men.  Central' 
body  in  good  shape  and  doing  good  work.  We 
are  preparing  to  hold  a  series  of  open  meet- 
ings durmg  the  winter.  Through  the  efforts  of 
onion  labor  a  public  bath  house  will  be  established  . 
by  the  municipal  jjovernment.  Railroad  track- 
men, garment  workers,  and  a  label  league  com- 
posed of  colored  women  are  organizing. 

Madison, — Henry  H.  Humphrey: 

In  many  ways  have  the  union  men  progressed 
far  ahead  of  the  unorganized  workers.  A  central 
labor  union  and  barbers*  union  have  been  organ- 
ized. A  great  many  of  the  merchants  are  ordering 
union  label  goods.  Employment  not  so  steady, 
owing  to  the  season. 

Marion, ^VxBXiV  Barr: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  steadily  em- 
ployed. Stage  employes  have  organized.  Federal 
unioti  about  to  organize.  There  is  greater  demand 
for  union  label  g<K>ds  than  for  years. 

New  Albany. — Michael  Hasenstat: 

Organized  trades  have  increased  wages,  im- 
proved conditions,  and  are  doing  nicely  in  every 
respect.  Union  carpenters  are  prospering  in  their 
business  as  contractors  for  themselves  against  the 
open  shop  contractors  who  are  not  busy.  The 
condition  of  the  unorganized  workers  is  to  be  de- 
plored. Expect  to  have  two  new  unions  in  line 
next  month. 

INDIAN  TERRITORY. 

Lehigh,— ^^i  O'Shea : 

There  is  not  much  unorganized  labor  in  this 
section.  Employment  continues  steady.  Outside 
unskilled  laborers  have  secured  eight  hour  day  and 
higher  wages  than  formerly  for  nine  hour  day. 
The  workers  in  this  section  keep  in  mind  the 
political  declaration  of  the  A.  F.  of  I,,  to  elect 
only  such  men  as  will  have  the  interests  of  the 
working  people  at  heart.  We  are  notifying  mer- 
chants that  we  will  not  purchase  goods  which  does 
not  bear  the  union  labels.  Have  organized  one  new 
union  and  have  another  under  way. 

So,  McAiesler,-'D.  S.  O'Leary: 

Work  is  plentiful  in  all  trades.  Industrial  con- 
ditions good.  Powder  and  high  explosive  workers 
have  forrped  union  at  Patterson,  Ind.  T.  Trades 
and  labor  assembly  at  So.  McAlester  is  being 
formed. 

Tulsa.— G,  E.  Warren: 

Organized  trades  are  constantly  improving  their 
condition  through  agitation.  Unions  are  rapidly 
gaining  in  membership.  The  adoption  of  the 
constitution  of  the  new  state  is' generally  con- 
ceded to  be  due  to  the  efforts  of  union  men,  and 
*we  think  it  the  most  fair  toward  labor  of  any  state 
in  the  union.  Meat  cutters,  tinners,  electricians, 
and  oil  and  gas  well  workers  have  organized  Street- 
car workers  and  tailors  are  about  to  organize. 

lOVA. 

Oelwein,—],  C.  Crellin: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape  and  making 
steady  progress.  Work  is  steady.  Railroad  help- 
ers and  stationarv  firemen  have  organized  during 
the  month.  Gooa  work  is  done  to  create  a  demand 
for  the  union  labels. 


t 


Sioux  OVy.— M,  Sweeney  and  J.  H.  Strief : 

Practically  all  organized  trades  are  steadily  em- 
ployed. Prospects  good  for  stead^f  work  in  the 
uilding  lines  during  the  entire  winter.  Mill  men 
have  reduced  hours  from  ten  to  nine  a  day  in  four 
mills  out  of  five.  Printers  increased  wages  15  per 
cent  without  strike.  Union  men  generally  demand 
the  union  labels  whenever  purchasing.  Machin- 
ists'helpers  and  bookbinders  have  organized.  Re- 
tail clerks,  stationary  firemen,  and  street  railway 
men  are  about  to  organize. 

IValerloo,—B.  G.  Pullen: 

Industrial  conditions  good  and  employment 
steady.    Plumbers  are  likely  to  organize  soon. 

KANSAS. 

Kansas  Cily.S.  E.  Peete: 

Employment  has  been  plentiful  all  the  year.  At 
the  present  time  there  is  a  greater  demand  for  help 
than  we  can  supply.  Three  unions  in  the  packing 
trade  have  been  organized  with  an  aggre^^ate 
membership  of  800.  A  number  of  applications 
are  pending.  Switchmen  have  a  committee  in 
conference  with  railroad  company  in  regard  to  a 
raise  of  six  cents  an  hour.  The  unionized  trades 
get  fully  25  per  cent  higher  wages  than  the  non- 
unionists.  Under  the  state  law  68  barber  shops 
were  closed  last  Sunday. 

Piilsburg.—G.  W.  Winkler: 

Wages  have  increased  in  some  trades  since  last 
report.  Car  men  advanced  wages  without  strike. 
I  expect  to  report  a  new  union  organized  next 
month.     Employment  is  steady. 

Topeka.—S,].  Crume: 

Trade  unionism  is  a  live  topic  of  conversation 
in  this  section  and  everybody  talks  at  once.  It  is 
very  gratifying  to  see  the  interest  steadily  increas- 
ing. Employment  is  steady.  Carpenters  have 
formed  union  during  the  month.  The  union  label 
is  the  watchword  of  union  men  in  this  city. 

H^esl  Mineral.— Sim  \,  Bramlette: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  in  this  city  and 
vicinity  is  very  good,  every  trade  being  thoroughly 
organized.  Employment  steady  in  all  lines;  in 
fact  there  is  scarcity  of  men  in  the  building  trades, 
also  the  mines.  Teamsters  have  recently  bet- 
tered their  conditions  and  wages;  this  is  due  to 
organization .  Painters,  cement  workers,  and  street 
railway  employes  of  Pittsburg  are  organizing. 
There  is  general  demand  for  the  union  labels. 

Wichiia.—C\i2ir\^s  Rocker: 

All  organized  trades  are  in  better  shape  at  this 
time  than  ever  before.  Central  labor  union  is 
growing  stronger  and  securing  affiliations  of  new 
locals  at  each  meeting.  Employment  is  steady, 
especially  good  in  the  building  lines.  Building 
trades  are  increasing  their  mem&rship.  Organized 
labor  making  steady  progress.  Structural  build- 
ing alliance  in  good  shape,  and  working  in  har- 
mony with  the  central  body  of  this  city. 
Stationary  firemen,  cement  workers,  and  flour  and 
cereal  mill  employes  are  about  to  form  unions. 

KENTUCKY. 

Lexington, — August  Bablitz: 

All  trades  are  enjoying  steady  employment. 
Generally  speaking,  condiUons  are  fair  in  all  in- 
dustries. The  unorganized  workers,  of  course, 
have  not  the  same  advantages  which  the  union 


Digitized  by 


iich  the  union 

Google 


990 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


men  have  earned  for  themselves  through  union- 
ism. Cigarmakers  had  a  small  strike  for  scale  of 
wages,  which  was  compromised.  Cigarmakers, 
sheet  metal  workers,  and  printing  pressmen  have 
formed  unions.  There  is  general  demand  for  the 
union  labels. 

Louisville, — Charles  Peetz  and  A.  W.  Foos: 

A  number  of  organizations  have  advanced  wages 
without  strike.  Organized  labor  has  better  hours 
and  wages,  and  receives  more  respect  from  em- 
ployers than  do  the  unorganized.  Capmakers  have 
organized.  Central  labor  union  in  good  shape,  and 
working  in  harmony  with  all  unions.  Hard  wood 
finishers  are  about  to  organize.  The  labor  organi- 
zations have  secured  eight  nominees  on  one  party 
ticket  for  city  offices. 

Owensboro. — A.  J.  Mathew: 

We  have  12  organizations  in  this  city,  with  pros- 
pects of  three  new  unions  within  the  month.  In- 
dustrial conditions  good  for  union  men;  their 
wages  are  40  per  cent  above  the  unorganized.  Good 
work  is  done  for  the  union  labels. 

LOUISIANA. 

New  Orleans.—],  E.  Porter: 

Organized  labor  in  prosperous  condition  and  the 
unions  are  working  m  harmony.  Through  the 
combined  efforts  of  the  trade  unions  of  this  city, 
better  conditions  and  wages  have  been  secured 
without  strike.  Domestic  helpers  and  team  driv- 
ers are  about  to  organize. 

Shreveport.-^\^n  N.  Mills: 

That  business  men  prefer  organized  workers  to 
deal  with  is  proved  every  day.  The  unorganized 
workers  have  to  compete  with  the  colored  work- 
ers, and  the  result  may  be  imagined.  Employ- 
ment is  steady.  An  organization  of  colored 
stationary  firemen  is  about  to  be  organized. 

MASSACHUSETTS* 

Cambridge,— Hblttj  W.  Joel: 

The  unorganized  workers  in  various  factories 
are  working  10  hours  a  day  at  small  pay.  We  are 
doing  all  we  can  to  help  them  see  the  benefits  of 
organization.  Stationary  firemen  and  engineers  on 
city  work  are  asking  for  increased  wages.  Engi- 
neers ask  a  raise  from  $\7  to  |24.50  a  week,  and 
firemen  from  $l5  to  |19.83,on  the  basis  of  56  hours 
a  week.  Prospects  are  bright  for  their  success. 
The  unfair  non-union  made  cigars  of  the  National 
Cigar  Company  are  being  driven  out  of  the  city 
for  lack  of  patronage. 

Oiicopee,—].  F.  Murphy: 

Work  has  been  steady  and  continues  plentiful. 
Improvements  in  wages  have  been  secured  with- 
out strike.  Section  hands  in  cotton  mills  have 
formed  union. 

FiUhburg,—^oht.  L.  Walsh: 

Skilled  labor  of  this  city  is  pretty  well  organized, 
but  the  unskilled  have  not  yet  embraced  orgniza- 
tion.  In  fact  there  are  a  number  of  workers  who 
couid  profit  by  organization.  Some  good  work 
can  be  done  in  the  way  of  organization,  and  we 
hope  to  take  hold  of  it  in  earnest  during  the  com- 
ing winter. 

Lowell. ^Victor  Turnquist: 

Steady  employment  is  the  rule  in  this  city.  Or- 
ganized labor  in  good  shape.  In  the  leather  trade 
wages  have  increased  during  the  past  year  without 
strike.     An  effort  is  being  made  to  thoroughly  or- 


ganize the  leather  trade  throughout  the  state. 
Shoe  workers  have  formed  a  union  in  this  city. 

New  Bedford. — Samuel  Ross: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  good;  considerably 
better  than  the  unorganized.  Employment  is 
steady.  A  general  agitation  is  carri^  on  in  the 
interest  of  the  union  labels. 

Pills/ield.^Johu  B.  Mickle: 

Building  trades  of  this  city  are  well  organized, 
but  outside  these  there  is  plenty  of  work  for  an  or- 

§anizer.    Other  organizea  trades  in  this  city  are 
oing  well,  but  need  looking  after.     Blacksmiths 
and  press  printers  are  about  to  form  unions. 

MICHIGAN. 

Detroit. — Prank  A.  Johnson: 

Employment  is  steady  in  all  trades,  particularly 
plentiful  in  the  building  trades.  Industrial  condi- 
tions goods.  Effective  work  is  done  for  the  union 
labels. 

Grand  Rapids. — Eugene  F.  Gourdeau: 

All  organizations  forging  ahead;  building  trades 
pa^icularly  are  gaining  in  membership.  A  great 
deal  more  good  work  could  be  done  if  the  different 
international  unions  would  send  their  trade  organ- 
izers into  this  section.  Building  laborers  have  or- 
ganized. A  trades  and  labor  council  is  being 
formed. 

Houghton,^.  E.  Stinson: 

This  is  practically  a  new  country  as  regards  or- 
ganization, but  the  workers  are  awake  to  the  fact 
that  organization  is  the  remedy  for  the  industrial 
problems.  More  attention  from  international  head- 
quarters of  various  unions  would  bring  good  re- 
sults and  would  be  appreciated.  Industrial  condi- 
tions good.  We  demand  the  union  labels.  Plastet.- 
ers  have  organized. 

Jackson. — O.  E.  Reaves: 

Organized  workers  have  shorter  hours  and  better 
wages  as  the  result  of  associated  effort.  Building 
trades  won  their  strike  for  eight  hour  da^  last 
spring.  Printers  have  secured  the  signing  of  their 
agreement  with  another  firm.  Trades  council  is 
active  in  the  work  for  the  union  labels. 

SaultSte.  Marie.— Jas.  W.  Troyer: 

Trade  organizations  are  flourishing  and  condi- 
tions were  never  better  than  at  this  time.  Union 
men  are  in  demand  on  all  work,  although  employ- 
ment is  not  so  plentiful  as  for  some  time  past. 
Prospects  are  bright  for  steady  work  in  Ihe  near 
future.  We  will  urge  an  amendment  to  child 
labor  law,  which  will  make  it  more  effective. 

MINNESOTA. 

Minnea^lis.—U.  G.  Hall: 

Industrial  conditions  remain  about  the  same; 
organized  trades  in  fair  shape.  Employment  con- 
tinues steady.  Teamsters  and  helpers  haTe 
organized.  Embalmers  and  drapers  are  about  to 
form  unions. 

St.  Paul.—J.J.  McHugh: 

The  smaller  towns  throughout  the  state  are  not 
so  well  organized  yet,  but  in  the  larger  cities  like 
St.  Paul,  Minneapolis,  and  Duluth  we  find  orgaauft- 
tions  in  flourishing  condition.  Carpenters  of  SL 
Paul  secured  advance  of  40  cents  a  day  wilboat 
strike.  Condition  of  organized  labor  gc 
much  better  as  the  result  of  united  cfloit* 
ing  laborers  are  about  to  fonn  niliott*  Tte 
tion  for  the  unions  is  becoqriag  natTiniilllCi 
Digitized  by  CnOOQlC 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


991 


MISSOURI 

/bpiar  Bluff.Sol  Everhart: 

Organized  labor  has  come  to  stay.  This  is 
generally  recognized  by  all,  not  only  the  workers, 
bat  by  employers  and  business  men  as  well.  The 
disagreements  and  controversies  which  formerly 
attended  any  attempt  on  the  part  of  the  workers 
to  better  their  conditions,  are  now  disappearing 
and  instead  we  find  unity  and  harmony.  Within 
the  past  five  years  wages  have  nearly  doubled 
without  any  strike.  In  the  main  the  unorganized 
workers  share  to  some  degree  the  benefits  secured 
through  organization.  The  work  of  organization 
goes  on  and  prospects  are  encouraging. 

St.  Louis, ^anneaC.  Shanessy: 

Organized  labor  in  splendid  condition.  Build- 
ing trades  booming.  Inside  trades  working  stead- 
ily Bright  prospects  for  affiliation  of  hodcarriers 
with  their  international  union.  A  general  increase 
of  10  per  cent  in  wages  has  been  secured  this 
year.  Several  labor  laws  are  being  considered  and 
will  be  pushed  at  the  next  session  of  the  legisla- 
ture. Jewelry  workers  have  ors^anized  and  ele- 
vator operators,  bootblacks,  and  hodcarriers  are 
about  to  organize. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

^^/iif.— P.J.  Smyth: 

Industrial  conditions  good.  Union  meetings 
are  well  attended  and  much  interest  is  shown  m 
the  trade  union  movement.  Employment  has 
been  unusuully  plentiful.  Mechanics  and  repair 
men  are  asking  10  per  cent  increase  in  wages. 
Good  work  is  done  for  the  union  labels,  especially 
by  the  cigarmakers  and  tobacco  workers.  Elec- 
trical workers  are  organizing. 

Manchester,— VdixlL  Mitchell: 

All  trades  are  steadily  employed.  Organized 
labor  conditions  fair,  but  the  unorganized  workers 
are  trailing  behind,  picking  up  whatever  benefits 
they  can  in  the  wake  of  the  organized  workers. 
Garment  workers  have  secured  eight  hour  day 
without  reduction  in  wages.  The  various  unions 
have  arranged  for  mass  meetings  to  be  held  here 
during  the  winter.  Knitters,  firemen,  and  others 
of  Lebanon  are  about  to  organize.  Textile  work- 
ers of  this  city  are  taking  renewed  interest  in  the 


Nashua.— John  J.  Coyne: 

This  city  is  pretty  well  organized  and  an  increas- 
ing interest  is  shown  in  trade  unionism.  While 
there  are  yet  a  number  of  unorganized  trades,  we 
hope  by  persistent  effort  to  get  them  in  line  soon. 
Machinists  have  recently  made  large  gains  in 
membership. 

NEV  JERSEY. 

£tizabeth.—John  Keyes: 

Labor  conditions  good  in  this  city.  Most  trades 
made  satisfactory  wage  agreements  last  spring, 
which  are  yet  in  force.    Employment  steady. 

Red  Bank.— ]ohn  H.  Dey: 

Through  the  efforts  of  trade  unions  the  working 
conditions  of  organized  workers  are  steadily  im- 
proving.    Employment  rather  slack,  owing  to  the 


Vineland.—B.  E.  Howe: 

Condition  of  organized  labor  is  better  at  this 
time  than  for  some  time  past.    Shoe  cutters  have 


secured    increase  in  wages.    We  are  constantly 
urging  demand  for  the  union  labels. 

NEW  YORK. 

Albany,— 'WiWiBm  A.  McCabeand  P.  J.  O'Brien: 

Employment  has  been  plentiful  in  all  lines, 
especially  in  the  building  trades.  All  organizations 
in  good  shape  and  rapidly  increasing  in  member- 
ship. Several  unions  have  advanced  wages  with- 
out strike.  Street  railway  employes  through 
arbitration  obtained  increase  of  two  and  one-half 
cents  an  hour.  Several  new  unions  are  being 
formed. 

CbA^5.— Edward  O'Leary: 

Conditions  of  working  people  in  this  city  are  at 
this  time  better  than  for  some  time  previous,  be- 
cause they  now  are  organized.  Employment 
steady  in  all  branches,  particularly  in  building 
trades  and  textile  industry.  During  the  past  year 
textile  workers  increased  their  wages.  Union  men 
generally  secure  higher  wages  and  work  shorter 
hours  than  the  unorganized.  Central  labor  union 
doing  good  work  in  building  up  new  unions.  We 
have  a  whole  labor  ticket  for  officers  of  the  city 
in  the  field  for  the  coming  municipal  election. 

Corinth,— ^m.  F.  Hazel: 

Pa^jer  workers  steadily  employed.  There  is 
practically  no  unorganized  labor  here.  Paper- 
makers  have  increased  wages  by  agitation  and 
conferences.  Organized  labor  leads,  as  regards 
working  conditions.  There  is  good  demand  for  the 
nnion  labels. 

Newburgh, — John  H.  Rothery: 

Organizations  are  steadily  gaining  in  member- 
ship. The  unorganized  workers  are  drifting,  with 
no  definite  aim  m  view.  We  have  two  strikes  on  at 
this  writing,  and  expect  to  be  successful  in  both 
instances.  Employment  rather  slack  just  now  in 
building  trades  and  iron  industry. 

Liaie  Falts.-Thos.  J.  Crowley: 

Most  trades  steadily  employed.  Organized  labor 
in  good  shape,  but  the  unorganized  workers  are 
working  all  hours  for  low  wages.  No  recent 
changes  in  hours  or  wages. 

Sandy  Hilt.— ThoB.  E.  Burke: 

Conditions  are  very  encouraging  for  organized 
labor.  All  union  men  working  eight  and  nine 
hour  day.  All  unions  are  making  steady  gain  in 
membership.  Federal  labor  union  has  organized 
with  70  charter  members.  Machinists,  hodcar- 
riers, and  retail  clerks  are  organizing.  Cigar  mak- 
ers are  booming  the  union  labels. 

Schenectady.— Z.  T.  Larkins: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape,  particularly  the 
building  trades.  The  local  electric  company, 
which  has  alwa3rs  employed  a  large  number  of  men, 
are  now  laying  them  on  on  the  plea  of  stagnation 
in  the  money  market.  This  makes  employment 
unsteady.  Organizations  of  this  city  are  backing 
the  referendum  vote  for  free  text-books  in  public 
schools. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Asheville.—O,  R.  Jarrett: 

Industrial  conditions  good;  employment  plenti- 
ful and  wages  satisfactory  for  organized  workers. 
Wages  advanced  10  per  cent  dunng  the  summer 
without  any  trouble.  There  is  increasing  demand 
for  the  union  labels.    C^mi^^ers  of  a  neighboring 


992 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


cit^  have  recently  organized.  Have  two  new 
unions  under  way  at  Hickory  and  another  at  Tryon. 

RaUigh.'^]ohn  T.  Miller: 

Employment  continues  steady.  There  is  good 
demand  for  linotype  operators.  Union  men  fare 
much  better  with  employers  than  the  unorganized 
Have  two  new  unions  under  way.  The  label  work 
is  steadily  progressing. 

OHIO. 

Ashtabula,— izs.  P.  Alicoate: 

Trade  union  organizations  are  getting  close 
together  and  will  do  all  possible  toward  the 
abolition  of  the  open  shop  policy  next  spring. 
With  the  exception  of  bricklayers,  all  trades  are 
ateadilv  employed.  The  eight  hour  day  is  con- 
sidered enthusiastically  by  a  number  of  trades. 
The  trade  unionists  are  constantly  realizing  that 
in  order  to  secure  favorable  labor  legislation,  they 
must  stand  together  and  elect  men  of  their  own 
interests.  The  central  labor  union  is  interested  in 
legislative  measures  and  has  several  ordinances 
ready  for  the  new  city  council.  We  have  practically 
all  trades  organized.  A  federal  union  is  being 
organized. 

BamAiU.^Tred  Helle: 

Better  wages  are  paid  the  organized  workers  than 
the  unorganized.  Industrial  conditions  fair.  Em- 
ployment continues  steady. 

Cincinnati. — Frank  L.  Risi: 

In  every  instance  we  find  that  employers  where 
men  are  organized  concede  them  higher  wages 
than  the  unorganized.  Wood  workers,  coopers, 
paper  cutters,  butchers,  stationary  firemen,  and 
Ex>ilermakers  have,  since  my  last  report,  gained  in- 
creased wages  or  shortened  hours.  In  some  cases 
both  concessions  were  obtained  without  strike. 
Sheet  metal  workers,  commercial  telegraphers, 
and  a  couple  of  other  trades  are  out  on  strike  at 
this  writing.  Waitresses  and  cement  workers 
have  organized.  Travelers*  goods  and  leather 
novelty  workers  are  forming  union. 

Cleveland.— Mich&el  Goldsmith: 

Industrial  conditions  good  and  work  fairly 
plentiful.  Unions  here  in  fine  shape.  We  do  all 
we  can  foi  the  union  labels. 

Crooksville.S,  R.  Frazee: 

Organized  labor  in  healthy  condition.  All  im- 
proved conditions  secured  by  union  men  have 
been  through  the  efforts  of  the  trade  unions.  We 
have  a  labor  ticket  which  we  feel  confident  will 
carry  through,  as  the  workers  will  stand  together 
to  elect  men  favorable  to  proper  legislation  for  the 
workers.  Have  three  new  unions  under  way. 

East  Liverpool, — William  Cope: 

Organized  labor  is  doing  well  in  this  section. 
Much  is  due  to  the  strong  organizations  of  the 
operative  potters  and  reports  show  that  the  locals 
are  constantly  increasing  in  membership.  Employ- 
ment fair.  Prospects  bright  for  plenty  of  work.  A 
two-year  agreement  has  been  signed  beginning 
October  first.  Trades  council  has  a  committee 
actively  working  for  the  union  labels.  Legislative 
committee  is  also  hard  at  work  on  matters  of  in- 
terest to  the  laboring  class.  The  workers  are  strong 
in  the  political  movement  this  year  and  we  hope 
to  accomplish  much. 

E.  Palestine. — Geo.  H.  Allcom: 

Organized  labor  has  much  the  best  of  conditions. 
Employment    fairly    steady.     Mr.   Robinson    of 


Canton  will  deliver  addresses  here  on  child  labor 
and  free  text-books  for  schools. 

Fremont.— VL,  A.  Smith: 

Union  men  in  this  city  are  working  under  union 
scale  of  wages  and  are  well  paid,  but  the  unorgan- . 
ized  receive  much  lower  pay. 

Hamilton. — John  F.  Mayer: 

Organized  labor  in  this  city  in  good  shape.  All 
trades  steadily  employed.  Have  one  new  union 
under  way.  We  have  committee  working  for  the 
union  labels. 

Middletonm. —H^xxry  W.  Naegele: 

Organized  labor  making  steady  progress.  Have 
been  organizing  in  Miami  Valley  and  expect  an  ad- 
dition of  600  new  members  in  labor  organizations. 
We  have  organized  new  unions  here  and  in  West 
Carrollton  and  largely  increased  the  memberships 
in  Hamilton  and  Franklin.  Am  working  with 
organizer  George  B.  Dou^hton  of  the  papermakers 
to  organize  the  whole  Miami  Valley.  The  organi- 
zation committee  of  the  trades  and  labor  council 
is  assisting  and  results  are  gratifying.  We  are 
holding  open  meetings  in  every  city  in  the  valley. 
We  now  have  a  labor  paper  in  the  field  doing  ^ood 
work.  Papermakers  of  this  city  have  organized. 
The  mills  are  working  two  day  shifts,  but  we  ex- 
pect within  the  next  three  months  to  have  them 
working  eight  hour  shifts. 

Portsmouth, — John  F.  Schmitt: 

Electricians  have  organized  and  we  have  bri|;ht 
prospects  of  getting  several  other  trades  in  line 
among  which  are  the  clerks,  furniture  workers, 
veneer  workers  and  horseshoers.  Organized  trades 
in  good  shape. 

Salem, — Harvey  Ingledue. 

Organized  trades  have  improved  their  conditions 
by  securing  the  eight  and  nine  hour  workday. 
Union  labor  is  better  paid  than  the  unorganized. 
We  are  working  hard  to  increase  the  membership 
of  the  various  unions.  Molders,  blacksmiths, 
plumbers,  potters,  carpenters,  printers,  coremakers, 
barbers,  stove  mounters,  and  miners  comprise  the 
organizations  in  this  city.  We  also  have  a  cen- 
tral body.     Have  one  new  union  under  way. 

Springfield,— Q,  W.  Rich: 

Outdoor  trades  have  been  enjoying  ^ood  trade 
conditions.  Employment  is  steady  during  winter 
months.  Printers,  barbers,  and  a  couple  of  other 
trades  have  improved  conditions  witnout  strike. 
Molders,  tinners,  and  painters  have  had  strikes  to 
secure  better  conditions.  During  the  past  year  sev- 
eral new  organizations  have  been  effected,  among 
which  are  the  blacksmiths,  railway  maintenance- 
of-way  employes,  bakers,  and  tinners. 

Steubenmlle. — A.  C  Johnston: 

Most  trades  are  working  steadily.  Organized 
labor  in  good  shape.  Linemen  are  out  on  strike  at 
the  present  writing.  Teamsters  are  building  ap 
their  membership.  There  is  good  demand  for  the 
union  labels. 

Tiffin.— S,  D.  Burford: 

Prospects  are  bright  for  steady  employment  in 
all  trades.  Employment  has  been  steady  during 
the  summer.  Organized  labor  in  good  shape,  far 
in  advance  of  unorganized  labor  as  regards  wages 
and  hours.  There  is  a  steady  demand  for  the  nimNi 
labels.  Laborers  have  formed  a  stroDf  onum  and 
we  look  for  good  resu1|Sfzed  by  LjOOQIC 


WHAT  OUR  ORGANIZERS  ARE  DOING 


993 


OKLAHOMA. 

Lawton. — A.  Rcbey: 

The  unorganized  workers  have  a  hard  time* 
of  it,  but  apparently  they  seem  capable  of  noth- 
ing better.  Union  men  secure  higher  waees  and 
shorter  hours  than  the  unorganized.  All  union 
men  find  steady  employment.  HoJcarriers  and 
building  laborers,  also  painters,  paperhangers,  and 
decorators  have  organized.  Clerks  and  barbers 
are  about  to  form  unions. 

*  PENNSYLVANIA. 

AUentown, — O.  C.  Knappenberger: 

Employment  is  steady  and  conditions  good  for 
organized  trades.  However,  there  are  a  number 
of  unorganized  workers  here  which  we  hope  to 
get  in  line.  As  result  of  strike  the  carpenters  have 
bettered  their  wages.  Retail  clerks  and  bootblacks 
are  organizing. 

Alioona. — J.  H.  Imler: 

Industrial  conditions  here  are  only  fair.  Em- 
ployment slack  in  building  trades.  The  union 
labels  are  always  demanded. 

Berunck.'-H.  W.  Cope: 

Through  effort  of  trade  unions,  conditions  are 
steadily  growing  better  for  members  of  organized 
labor,  but  the  unorganized  workers  remain  in  old 
demoralized  condition.  Work  has  been  plentiful 
and  remains  steady.  Building  trades  are  on  strike, 
with  bright  prospects  of  victory  in  the  near  fu- 
ture.   Have  two  new  unions  under  way. 

Harrisburg. — James  F.  Carr: 

About  fifty  per  cent  of  the  trades  in  this  city 
are  organized.  Most  industries  have  steady  em- 
ployment. The  unorganized  workers  receive  much 
lower  wages  than  the  unioiiists,  and  also  work 
longer  hours  than  the  latter. 

Jermyn.—S  B.  Hills: 

All  crafts  with  but  one  exception  are  organized. 
Silk  workers  are  now  organized.  Since  their  or- 
ganization they  were  on  strike  for  shorter  hours, 
but  have  gone  back  to  work  pending  arbitration. 
Members  of  unions  insist  on  union  labels  whenever 
purchasing. 

Lebanon. — John  M.  Keller: 

All  trades  in  fair  shape  and  steadily  employed. 
Plumbers  are  organizing.  No  recent  changes  in 
hours  or  wages. 

Pittsburg,— K.  E.  Ireland: 

Trade  generally  good  in  all  lines.  The  new 
union  of  shipwrights,  joiners,  and  caulkers  has 
secured  eight  hour  day  after  four  days*  strike.  This 
union  was  formed  during  the  last  month.  Retail 
clerks  are  organizing.  There  is  big  demand  for 
the  union  labels. 

PottsvillcS,  M.  F.  Glover: 

Trade  conditions  steady  and  organizations  in 
good  shape.    Bartenders  have  organized  recently. 

Scranton. — Harry  O.  Almy: 

We  have  but  few  unorganized  trades  here,  as 
the  workers  are  falling  in  line  right  along.  Car- 
riage workers  secured  nine  hour  day  in  all  but  one 
shop.  The  employes  left  that  place  and  secured 
employment  in  nine  hour  shops.  Textile  workers* 
strike  has  been  settled  by  arbitration.  This  is  a 
big  victory.  Leather  workers  on  horse  goods  have 
organized.  Electrical  railroad  employes  are  about 
to  form  union. 


Washington.— Wm,  C.  Black: 

All  trades  have  been  quite  busy  and  employment 
continues  steady.  Glass  workers  in  this  section 
are  still  unorganized,  but  we  hope  soon  to  get 
them  in  line.  Printers  secured  increase  of  $\  a 
week  of  48  hours,  without  strike.  Printing  press- 
men are  about  to  form  union. 

IVitkesbarre. —]ohn  B.  Gallagher: 

Organized  labor  in  good  shape.  Miners  are 
preparing  for  mass  meetings  and  are  steadily  gain- 
ing in  membership.  Organized  trades  have  en- 
joyed steady  employment.  Working  conditions 
are  improving  in  many  instances  without  strike. 
The  Question  of  the  union  labels  is  given  consider- 
able discussion. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

'PawtucM.—H.  Frasier: 

Industrial  conditions  good  and  employment 
steady.  Textile  workers  are  advocating  eight 
hour  day. 

Woonsocket. — ^Joseph  U.  Bombardier: 

All  trades  are  fairly  well  employed.  Garment 
workers  have  organized  recently.  Since  their 
organization  they  have  secured  eight  hour  day 
and  union  scale  of  wages.  Good  demand  for  the 
union  labels. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Charleston.— }ohn  L.  Kiley: 

Employment  has  been  quite  steady  for  all  classes 
of  work.  Conditions  are  not  yet  what  they  should 
be  according  to  the  union  standard,  but  we  hope 
through  effective  organization  to  secure  better 
things. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Aberdeen.—].  W.  Woodman : 

Industrial  conditions  very  good  in  this  section    . 
Printers  secured  the  eight  hour  workday  recently. 
Union  printers  are  working  for  a  greater  patronage 
of  their  label. 

Brookings. — D.  A.  Condlln: 

All  trades  are  steadily  employed.  Our  federal 
union  is  increasing  its  membership.  We  do 
everything  possible  to  promote  the  union  labels. 

TEXAS. 

Beaumont. — Oscar  Ackerman: 

We  have  still  a  number  of  unorganized  trades  in 
this  city,  but  the  increasing  demand  for  union 
men  in  this  section  is  a  spur  to  the  unorganized 
workers  to  get  in  line.  All  trades  are  working  at 
present  time.  Machinists  and  blacksmiths  have 
increased  wa^es  without  strike.  Trade  union  legis- 
lative league  in  good  working  order  and  all  organ- 
izations are  taking  interest  in  lef^islative  action. 
Carpenters  have  organized.  Musicians,  retail 
clerks,  and  firemen  are  organizing. 

Bridgeport.—].  C.  Phillips: 

All  branches  of  labor  well  employed.  The 
unions  have  improved  conditions  and  shortened 
hours  for  their  members.  In  many  instance?  the 
unorganized  workers  share  the  general  improve- 
ment in  working  conditions.  A  great  deal  of  edu- 
cational work  is  carried  on  and  as  result  there  is 
steady  increase  in  the  unions.  Our  cenlfaLJ>odv 
holds  discussions  on  the  union  labels.' ^^^^^ 


994 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Corpus  Christi, — B.  P.  Moore: 

Wages  are  on  the  increase  throughout  this  sec- 
tion.   Employment  is  steady.     Have  an  organiza-  . 
tion  of  clerks  under  way  in  a  neighboring  city. 

Fort  IVorth.—W,  E.  Auldridge: 

Union  men  arc  preferred  by  employers  on  all 
classes  of  work  in  this  city.  Labor  conditions  arc 
very  encouraging.  Employment  steady.  Flour 
mill  workers,  butchers,  and  bakers  are  about  to 
form  unions. 

Galveston. — Henry  W.  Rabe: 

Building  trades  have  been  steadily  employed  all 
the  season.  Trade  conditions  on  the  wharf  front 
are  dull,  however,  and  men  in  that  line  are  idle. 
Carpenters  have  obtained  some  improvement  in 
wages  without  strike.  Tinners  and  plumbers,  as 
result  of  strike,  secured  advance  in  wages.  Organ- 
ized lalK>r  conditions,  good.  Hodcarriers  «nd 
building  laborers  have  organized.  Garment  work- 
ers, laundry  workers,  freight  handlers,  stationary 
firemen,  federal  labor  union,  and  flour  and  cereal 
mill  employes  are  likely  to  organize  in  the  near 
future. 

Port  Arthur,--},  G.  Noyes: 

Organized  labor  is  the  only  kind  recognized  by 


employers  in  this  vicinity.  All  unions  in  good 
shape.  Employment  steady.  Carpenters  secured 
advance  to  50  cents  an  hour  and  eight  hour  day, 
without  strike.  There  is  steady  demand  for  the 
union  labels.  We  expect  to  form  a  women *s  label 
league  with  a  very  good  membership. 

Thurber  —M..  D.  Lasater: 

All  union  trades  have  plenty  of  work,  and  most 
unions  are  working  under  agreement.  All  trades 
are  organized.    We  have  no  open  shop  here. 


VERMONT. 

Newport,— n.  P.  Sweet: 

Organized  trades  are  working  eight  and  nine 
hour  day  at  from  1 1.50  to  |3.50  a  day,  and  steadily 
employed.  The  manufacturers  havine  contracts 
with  the  union  shop  declare  they  would  not  run  an 
open  shop  again,  tor  the  reason  that  the  union 
shop  guarantees  steady  help  and  better  work. 
Veneer  mill  workers'  union,  with  250  members, 
has  been  formed.  Unskilled  laborers,  stone 
masons,  teamsters,  saw  mill  workers,  freight 
handlers,  and  carpenters  are  organizing. 


DOMINION  NOTES. 


Hamilton.— Z.  L.  Landers  and  Walter  R.  Rollo: 
Organized  labor  flourishing  throughout  Canada. 
The  most  successful  trades  Congress  has  just 
closed  at  Winnepeg,  Manitoba,  the  best  in  its  his- 
tory. Trade  union  membership  has  been  consider- 
ably augmented,  by  British  immigrants  who  were 
members  in  Great  Britain.  The  public  utilities, 
investigation,  and  conciliation  act  has  been  prac- 
tically applied  and  is  usually  successful.  All 
classes  of  labor  steadily  employed.    Bookbinders 


secured  eight  hour  day  without  strike.  The  print- 
ing  trades  throughout  now  enjoy  the  eight  hour 
day.    Carmen  organized  last  month. 

Prescott,  Ont.— George  M.  Harris: 

Union  men  are  generally  preferred  by  employ- 
ers throughout  thi^  section.  The  last  session  of 
Parliament  appointed  a  board  of  conciliation 
which  we  hope  will  be  fair  to  organized  labor.  Am 
working  to  organize  starch  workers,  of  which  there 
are  about  400. 


DISTRICT  AND  GENERAL  ORGANIZERS. 


Number  Commissioned  Organisers,  American  Federa- 
tion of  Liabor,  1,175. 

District  No.  I.— Eastern. 

Oomprltlng  the  states  of  Maine.  Vermont,  New  Hamp- 
shire, Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  and 
the  Province  of  New  Brunswick,  Canada. 

Oifaaisert,  Stuart  Reld,  Thomas  F.  Tracy. 

District  No.  II.— Middle. 

ComprlnlDflr  the  states  of  New  York.  New  Jersey,  Penn- 
sylTanla,  Delaware,  Maryland,  the  District  of  Columbia, 
and  the  Frovlnce  of  Qaebec,  Canada. 

OrgBDiMen,  Herman  Robinson,  Hugh  Frayne,  Cal 
Wyatt.  W.  C.  Hahn,  Thomas  H.  Flynn.  Arthur  E. 
Holder,  John  A.  Flett,  H.  L.  £tchelberger,  Jas.  E. 
Roach. 

District  No.  III.— Southern. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Virginia,  North  Carolina, 
South  Carolina,  Georgia.  Florida.  Kentucky,  Tennessee, 
Alabama,  Mississippi,  and  Louisiana. 

OrgADtten,  James  Leonard,  R.  L.  Harper,  J.  J.  O'Don- 
nell. 

DIsUict  No.  IV.— Central. 
CompriHiQg  the  iitates  of  West  Virginia,  Ohio,  Indiana, 
IlUnofs.  Michlaan,  and  Wisconsin. 


Orgnnit^n^  J.  J.  Fitzpatrlck,  J.  D.  Pierce,  Emmet  T. 
Flood,  William  E.  Terry,  Edwin  R.  Wright,  Jaoob 
Tazelaar. 

District  No.  v.— Northwestern. 
Comprising    the  states  of  Minnesota,  Iowa,   North 
Dakota,  South  Dakota,  Nebraska,  and  Manitoba. 
Orgnalten,  M.  Grant  Hamilton,  Geo.  B.  Howley. 

District  No.  VI.— Southwestern. 

Comprising  the  states  of  Missouri,  Kansas,  Texas, 
Indian  Territory,  Oklahoma,  and  Arkansas. 

OnfAniMTB,  Henry  M.  Walker,  Peter  Hanraty,  81m  A. 
Bramlette. 

District  No.  VII.— Inter-Mountain. 
Comprising  the  states  of  Montana,  W>ominf ,  Colo- 
rado, New  Mexico,  Arisona,  Utoh,  and  Idaho. 

District  No.  VIII.— Pacific  Coast 
Comprising  the  states  of  Nevada,  Alaska, 
ton.  Oregon,  California,  and  the  ProTtnoaoT  ' 
lumbia. 


OrgBDiMen,  C.  O.  Young,  George 
Porto  Rico.— sanUago  IgleatmiP 


?S5gie 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


995 


Extracts  From  Oklahoma  Constitution. 


[Continued  from  November.1 


Sec.  26.  The  right  of  a  citizen  to  keep  and  bear 
arms  in  defense  ot  his  home,  person,  or  property, 
or  in  aid  of  the  civil  power,  when  thereunto  legally 
summoned,  shall  never  be  prohibited;  but  nothing 
herein  contained  shall  prevent  the  legislature  from 
regulating  the  carrying  of  weapons. 

Sbc.  27.  Any  person  having  knowledge  or  pos- 
session of  facts  that  tend  to  establish  the  guilt  of 
any  other  person  or  corporation  charged  with  an 
offense  against  the  laws  of  the  state,  shall  not  be 
excused  from  giving  testimony  or  producing  evi- 
dence, when  legally  called  upon  so  to  do,  on  the 
ground  that  it  may  tend  to  incriminate  him  under 
the  laws  of  the  state;  but  no  person  shall  be  pros- 
ecuted or  subjected  to  any  penalty  or  forfeiture  for 
or  on  account  of  any  transaction,  matter,  or  thing 
concerning  which  he  may  so  testify  or  produce 
evidence. 

Sec.  28.  The  records,  books,  and  files  of  all  cor- 
porations shall  be,  at  all  times,  liable  and  subject 
to  the  full  visitorial  and  inquisitorial  powers  of  the 
state,  notwithstanding  the  immunities  and  privi- 
leges in  this  Bill  of  Rights  secured  to  the  persons, 
inhabitants,  and  citizens  thereof 

Sec.  29.  No  person  shall  be  transported  out  of 
the  state  for  any  offense  committed  within  the 
state,  nor  shall  any  person  be  transported  out  of 
the  state  for  any  purpose,  without  his  consent,  ex- 
cept by  due  process  of  law;  but  nothing  in  this 
provision  shall  prevent  the  operation  of  extradi- 
tion laws,  or  the  transporting  of  persons  sentenced 
for  crime,  to  other  states  for  the  purpose  of  in- 
carceration. 

Sec.  30.  The  right  of  the  people  to  be  secure 
in  their  persons,  houses,  papers,  and  effects 
against  unreasonable  searches  or  seizures  shall 
not  be  violated;  and  no  warrant  shall  issue  but 
upon  probable  cause  supported  by  oath  or  affirma- 
tion, describing  as  particularly  as  may  be  the  place 
to  be  searched  and  the  person  or  thing  to  be  seized. 
.  Sec.  31.  The  right  of  the  state  to  engage  in  any 
occupation  or  business  for  public  purposes  shall 
not  be  denied  nor  prohibited,  except  that  the 
state  shall  not  engage  in  agriculture  for  any  other 
than  educational  and  scientific  purposes  and  for 
the  support  of  its  penal,  charitable,  and  educa- 
tional institutions. 

Sec.  32.  Perpetuities  and  monopolies  are  con- 
trary to  the  genius  of  a  free  government,  and  shall 
never  be  allowed,  nor  shall  the  law  of  primo 
geniture  or  entailments  ever  be  in  force  in  this 
sUte. 

Sec.  33.  The  enumeration  in  this  constitution  of 
certain  rights  shall  not  be  construed  to  deny,  im- 
pair, or  disparage  others  retained  by  the  people. 

Commissioner  of  Labor. 

Sec  20.  A  department  of  labor  is  hereby  created 
to  be  under  the  control  of  a  commissioner  of  labor 
who  shall  be  elected  by  the  people,  whose  term  of 
office  shall  be  four  years,  and  whose  duties  shall 
be  prescribed  by  law. 

Sec.  21.  The  legislature  shall  create  a  board  of 
arbitration  and  conciliation  in  the  department  of 
labor  and  the  commissioner  of  labor  shall  be  ex- 
officio  chairman. 


Chief  Mine  Inspector, 

Sec.  25.  The  office  of  chief  inspector  of  mines, 
oil,  and  gas  is  hereby  created,  and  the  incumbent 
of  said  office  shall  be  known  as  the  chief  mine  in- 
spector. The  term  of  said  office  shall  be  four 
years,  and  no  person  shall  be  elected  to  said  office 
unless  he  shall  have  had  eight  years'  actual  ex- 
perience as  a  practical  miner,  and  such  other 
qualifications  as  may  be  pres'^ribed  by  the  legisla- 
ture. The  chief  mine  inspector  shall  perform  the 
duties,  take  the  oath,  and  execute  the  bond  pre- 
scribed by  the  legislature. 

Sec.  26.  The  legislature  shall  create  mining  dis- 
tricts and  provide  for  the  appointment  or  election 
of  assistant  inspectors  therein,  who  shall  be  under 
the  general  control  of  the  chief  mine  inspector^ 
and  the  legislature  shall  define  their  qualifications 
and  duties  and  fix  their  compensation. 

Fellow-Servants, 

Sec.  36.  The  common  law  doctrine  of  the  fel- 
low-servant, so  far  as  it  affects  the  liability  of  the 
master  for  injuries  to  his  servant,  resulting  from 
the  acts  or  omissions  of  any  other  servant  or  serv- 
ants of  the  common  master,  is  abrogated  as  to 
every  employe  of  every  railroad  company  and 
every  street  railway  company  or  interurban  rail- 
way company,  and  of  every  person,  firm,  or 
corporation  engaged  in  mining  in  this  state;  and 
every  such  employe  shall  have  the  same  right 
to  recover  for  every  injury  suffered  by  him  for  the 
acts  or  omissions  of  any  other  employe  or  em- 
ployes of  the  common  master  that  a  servant  would 
have  if  such  acts  or  omissions  were  those  of  the  mas- 
ter himself  in  the  performance  of  a  non- assignable 
duty;  and  when  death,  whether  instantaneous  or 
not,  results  to  such  employe  from  any  injury  for 
which  he  could  have  recovered  under  the  above 
provisions,  had  not  death  occurred,  then  his  legal 
or  personal  representative,  surviving  consort,  or 
relatives,  or  any  trustee,  curator,  committee,  or 
guardian  of  such  consort  or  relatives,  shall  have 
the  same  rights  and  remedies  with  respect  thereto, 
as  if  death  had  been  caused  by  the  negligence  of 
the  master.  And  every  railroad  company  and 
every  street  railway  company  or  interurban  rail- 
way company,  and  every  person,  firm,  or  corpora- 
tion engaged  in  underground  mining  in  this  state 
shall  be  liable  under  this  section  for  the  acts  of  his 
or  its  receivers. 

Nothing  contained  in  this  section  shall  restrict 
the  power  of  the  legislature  to  extend  to  the  em- 
ployes of  any  person,  firm,  or  corporation  the  rights 
and  remedies  herein  provided  for. 

ARTICLE  XXIII. 
Labor, 

Section  l.  Eight  hours  shall  constitute  a  day's 
work  in  all  cases  of  employment  by  and  on  be- 
half of  the  state  or  any  county  or  municipality. 

Convict  Labor. 

Sec.  2.  The  contracting  of  convict  labor  is 
hereby  prohibited.  Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


996 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Child  Labor, 

Sbc.  3.  The  employment  of  children,  under  the 
age  of  15  years,  in  any  occupation  injurious  to 
health  or  morals  or  especially  hazardous  to  life  or 
limb,  is  hereby  prohibited. 

Sbc.  4.  Boys  under  the  age  of  16  years,  and 
women  and  girls,  shall  not  be  employed,-  un- 
derground>  in  the  operation  of  mines ;  and,  ex- 
cept in  cases  of  emergency,  eight  hours  shall 
constitute  a  day's  work  underground  in  all  mines 
of  the  state. 

Sbc.  5.  The  legislature  shall  pass  laws  to  pro- 
tect the  health  and  safety  of  employes  in  factor- 
ies, in  mines,  and  on  railroads. 

Personal  Injuries, 

Sec.  7.  The  right  of  action  to  recover  damages 
for  injuries  resulting  in  death  shall  n^ver  be  abro- 
gated, and  the  amount  reoverable  shall  not  be 
subject  to  any  statutory  limitation. 

ARTICLE  V. 
Initiative  and  Referendum, 

Section  l.  The  legislative  authority  of  the  state 
shall  be  vested  in  a  legislature,  consisting  of  a 
senate  and  house  of  representatives;  but  the  peo- 
ple reserve  to  themselves  the  power  to  propose 
laws  and  amendments  to  the  constitution  and  to 
enact  or  reject  the  same  at  the  polls  independent 
of  the  legislature,  and  also  reserve  power  at  their 
own  option  to  approve  or  reject  at  the  polls  any  act 
of  the  legislature. 

Sec.  2.  The  first  power  reserved  by  the  people 
is  the  initiative,  and  eight  per  centum  of  the  legal 
voters  shall  have  the  right  to  propose  any  legisla- 
tive measure,  and  15  per  centum  of  the  legal  voters 
shall  have  the  right  to  propose  amendments  to  the 
constitution  by  petition,  and  every  such  petition 
shall  include  the  full  text  of  the  measure  so  pro- 
posed. The  second  power  is  the  referendum,  and 
It  may  be  ordered  (except  as  to  laws  necessary  for 
the  immediate  preservation  of  the  public  peace, 
health,  or  safety),  either  by  petition  signed  by  five 
per  centum  of  the  legal  voters  or  by  the  legislature 
as  other  bills  are  enacted.  The  ratio  and  per 
centum  of  legal  voters  hereinbefore  stated  shall  be 
based  upon  the  total  number  of  votes  cast  at  the 
last  general  election  for  the  state  office  receiving 
the  highest  number  of  votes  at  such  election. 

Sec.  3.  Referendum  petitions  shall  be  filed  with 
the  secretary  of  state  not  more  than  90  days  after 
the  final  adjournment  of  the  session  of  the  legisla- 
ture which  passed  the  bill  on  which  the  referen- 
dum is  demanded.  The  veto  power  of  the  governor , 
shall  not  extend  to  measures  voted  on  by  the  peo- 
ple. All  elections  on  measures  referred  to  the 
people  of  the  state  shall  be  had  at  the  next  election 
held  throughout  the  state,  except  when  the  legis- 


lature or  the  governor  shall  order  a  special  election 
for  the  express  purpose  of  making  such  reference. 
Any  measure  referred  to  the  people  by  the  initia- 
tive shall  take  effect  and  be  in  force  when  it  shall 
have  been  approved  by  a  majority  of  the  votes  cast 
in  such  election.  Any  measure  referred  to  the 
people  by  the  referendum  shall  take  effect  and  be 
in  force  when  it  shall  have  been  approved  by  t 
majority  of  the  votes  cast  thereon  and  not  other- 
wise. 

The  style  of  all  bills  shall  be:  **Be  it  Enacted  By 
the  People  of  the  SUte  of  Oklahoma." 

Petitions  and  orders  for  the  initiative  and  for 
the  referendum  shall  be  filed  with  the  secretary 
of  state  and  addressed  to  the  governor  of  the 
state,  who  shall  submit  the  same  to  the  people. 
The  legislature  shall  make  suitable  provisions  for 
carrying  into  effect  the  provisions  of  this  article. 

Sec.  4.  The  referendum  may  be  demanded  by 
the  people  against  one  or  more  items,  sections  or 
parts  of^any  act  of  the  legislature  in  the  same  man- 
ner in  which  such  power  may  be  exercised  against 
a  complete  act.  The  filing  of  a  referendum  peti- 
tion against  one  or  more  items,  sections,  or  parts 
of  an  act  shall  not  delay  the  remainder  of  such 
act  from  becoming  operative. 

Sec.  5.  The  powers  of  the  initiative  and  refer- 
endum reserved  to  the  people  by  this  constitntioD 
for  the  state  at  large  are  hereby  further  reserved 
to  the  legal  voters  of  every  county  and  district 
therein  as  to  all  local  legislation  or  action  in  the 
administration  of  county  and  district  government 
in  and  for  their  respective  counties  and  districts. 

The  manner  of  exercising  said  powers  shall  be 
prescribed  by  general  laws,  except  that  boards  of 
county  commissioners  may  provide  for  the  time 
of  exercising  the  initiative  and  referendum  pow- 
ers as  to  local  legislation  in  their  respective 
counties  and  districts. 

The  requisite  number  of  petitioners  for  the  in- 
vocation of  the  initiative  and  referendum  in  coun- 
ties and  districts  shall  bear  twice  or  double,  the 
ratio  to  the  whole  number  of  legal  voters  in  such 
county  or  district,  as  herein  provided  therefor  in  the 
state  at  large. 

Sec.  6.  Any  measure  rejected  by  the  people, 
through  the  powers  of  the  initiative  and  meren- 
dum,  can  not  be  again  proposed  by  the  initiatiTe 
within  three  years  thereafter  by  less  than  25  per 
centum  of  the  legal  voters. 

Sec.  7.  The  reservation  of  the  powers  of  the  in- 
itiative and  referendum  in  this  article  shall  not 
deprive  the  legislature  of  the  right  to  repeal  any 
law,  propose  or  pass  any  measure,  which  may  he 
consistent  with  the  constitution  of  the  state  and 
the  constitution  of  the  United  States. 

Sec.  8.  Laws  shall  be  provided  to  prevent  cor- 
ruption in  making,  procuring,  and  submitting  in- 
itiative and  referendum  petitions. 


Digitized  by 


Lioogle 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


997 


A  Golf  Skirt. 


By  Theodora  Bi^iss. 


A  GREAT  bundle  was  seen  to  fall  mysteri- 
ously from  a  window  in  the  rear  of  a 
tenement  on  the  congested  East  Side,  that 
mecca  of  sweat-shop  fame. 
In  this  neighborhood,  the  hotbed  of  disease, 
the  most  pathetic  poverty  exists.  The  houses  are 
the  oldest  in  the  city,  their  foundations  are  crumb, 
ling,  the  walls  are  filth-stained,  mould,  and  dry. 
rot  are  over  everything. 

But  in  many  of  the  rooms  of  these  buildings 
several  families  will  herd  together  in  an  atmos- 
phere which  is  rife  with  the  deadly  germs  of  disease. 

These  houses  are  always  swarming  with  dirty, 
noisy  children,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  many  little 
coffins  are  continually  being  borne  out  of  the  door- 
ways. 

On  the  afternoon  when  the  great,  clumsy  bundle 
made  its  descent  from  a  rear  window  of  one  of  the 
largest  of  these  pest  breeders,  a  squad  of  health 
officers  were  making  a  tour  of  inspection. 

Sophie  Moscowsky,  a  mother  of  ten  children, 
whose  husband  had  thrown  the  bundle  from  the 
window,  sat  idle  in  her  rooms.  The  scanty, 
cracked  table  ware  stood  unwashed  upon  the 
greasy  table,  the  floor  was  covered  with  ashes  and 
tracks  of  muddy  feet.  A  dirty  frying  pan  lay  upon 
the  rust^  stove,  for  this  woman  had  not  been 
warned  m  time  of  the  visit  of  the  health  officers, 
otherwise  she  would  have  smeared  up  into  some 
kind  of  order  for  their  reception. 

As  it  was,  when  they  entered  the  room  there 
was  no  sign  of  work,  the  sewing  machine  was  still, 
a  table  which  stood  beside  it  was  empty. 

The  mother  sat  by  a  rickety  carriage  which  did 
service  as  a  cradfe  and  contained  an  unwholesome 
looking  babe  sucking  at  an  empty  bottle.  Several 
other  children,  in  dingy,  ragged  garments,  were 
huddled  in  a  corner,  their  eyes  fixed  in  horror  upon 
the  uniformed  men. 

••Well!  Well!  No  work  today?'*  inquired  the 
captain  as  he  entered. 

The  frightened  woman  only  shook  her  head, 
but  one  shaggy  headed  tot  called  out,  *' Mister, 
mister,  its  all  out,"  as  he  pointed  towards  the 
window. 

The  mother  grabbed  and  shook  the  youngster, 
and  ordered  him  to  be  silent. 

Then  the  leader  went  to  the  window  and  peered 
out  of  it  in  every  direction,  sniffing  and  turn- 
ing up  his  nose,  but  seeing  no  sign  of  anything, 
he  turned  to  the  woman  with  a  warning. 

**  Remember^  Madam,  you  can  not  take  any 
work  in  these  close  quarters.  That  is  against  the 
law.  The  odor  from  the  rear  is  simply  awful. 
How  do  you  live  in  such  a  stench?' ' 

Then  he  poked  into  corners,  opened  the  stuffy 
closets,  and  peered  under  the  dirty  beds  in  search 
of  unmade  clothes.  But  as  nothing  of  the  sort  was 
visible  in  the  apartment  he  contented  himself  with 
writing  out  a  notification,  which  read:  *'The  at- 
mosphere is  pregnant  with  tuberculosis  germs; 
no  work  on  clothing  must  be  taken  here  until  the 


room  is  thoroughly  cleansed  and  disinfected," 
adding  a  warning  to  the  woman:  "See  that  this 
is  attended  to,  madam»  as  you  will  have  trouble. 
You  mind  the  laws,  I  say,"  he  shouted  to  the 
Russian. 

The  oppressed  family  had  only  recently  left  the 
land  of  their  Batuschka  (I^ittle  Father,  or  Dear 
Father),  in  order  to  make  a  livelihood  for  their 
family  in  America.  But  the  language  was  new  to 
them  and  the  customs,  too,  were  strange.  The 
official  paper  handed  to  the  woman  she  took  with 
timid  hands,  and  looked  it  over  curiously,  then 
shook  her  head  in  despair  and  cried  aloud: 

**No  Ingleesh  naw,  man,"  she  cried.  She 
trembled  with  deadly  fear  as  the  men  left  the  room, 
shaking  their  hands  in  warning  at  her. 

Then  she  remembered  her  Jacob  and  the 
work. 

She  looked  out  of  a  front  window  and  saw  her 
unwelcome  visitors  turning  a  corner.  Then  she 
ran  to  acquaint  her  husband  with  the  fact,  so 
Jacob  quietly  returned  with  the  bundle  of  unfin- 
ished skirts,  ^nd  they  sat  down  to  work  again. 
They  worked  far  into  the  night  to  make  up  for  the 
time  lost  by  the  interruption  of  the  officers.  For, 
by  the  rules  of  the  firm  for  which  they  worked,  a 
certain  part  of  their  pay  would  be  deducted  if  the 
work  was  not  returned  by  a  specified  time. 

They  could  not  afford  to  lose  a  copper  of  the 
money,  the  whole  of  it  being  but  sufficient  to  sup- 
ply food  for  the  Russian  family. 

The  next  day  the  great  pile  of  golf  skirts  was 
finished  and  delivered  to  a  fifth  avenue  firm. 

One  skirt  in  the  lot  was  a  pretty  shade  of  grey, 
and     marked,     "to    be    kept    especially    clean:" 

On  this  garment  the  wife,  a  consumptive  victim, 
worked  alone,  and  with  each  few  stitches  she 
coughed  up  the  little  germs  which  were  devouring 
her  life  and  thus  infected  the  rich  skirt. 

This  skirt  attracted  the  eye  of  the  young  and 
lovely  bride  of  one  of  New  York's  millionaires, 
who  accordingly  became  its  possessor. 

This  skirt  was  displayed  and  admired  on  the 
golf  links  in  due  time.  There  in  the  first  week  of 
that  exhilarating  sport,  this  young  bride  began  to 
cough.  *'A  slight  cold,"  her  companion  re- 
marked. But  the  cough  increased,  her  cheeks 
flamed,  and  she  began  to  lose  her  strength. 

A  trip  to  the  mountains  was  advised  by  her 
physicians. 

Months  passed  away,  but  the  slight  cold  taken 
in  the  golf  links  developed  into  a  serious  illness, 
and  the  young  woman  never  dreamed  that  her 
days  on  earth  were  shortened  by  the  wearing  of  a 
garment  impregnated  with  poisoned  germs,  fos- 
tered by  the  foul  air  in  one  of  her  father's  tene- 
ment houses,  a  house  which  had  been  neglected 
by  its  owner,  so  that  it  was  condemned  by  the 
health  inspectors,  a  house  whose  foulness  was  so 
great  that  it  was  unfit  to  work  in,  and  the 
garments  there  made  could  but  BBf^^^4J^9^ 
wherever  they  were  taken.  Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


998 


AMERICAN  FEDERATION  1ST 


Review  of  "The  American  Idea." 


By  LiZZiB  M.  HotMBS. 


LYDIA  K.  COMMANDER'S  book.  **The 
American  Idea/'  is  a  strong,  analytical  and 
convincing  work  of  over  300  pages.  Some 
of  the  reviewers  have  spoken  of  her  par- 
ticular views  and  opinions  as  though  something 
peculiar  to  herself,  and  say  '*she  extols  race 
suicide,  but  does  not  persuaae  her  readers  to  her 
views." 

The  one  noticeable  feature  about  the  book  is 
that  until  all  her  statistics  and  facts  are  arrayed  the 
author  presents  no  views  of  her  own.  She  lays  a 
careful  foundation  for  later  arguments  and  proves 
every  step  she  takes.  She  shows  conclusively 
that  the  prevalent  idea  among  educated  and  en- 
lightened Americans  is  for  fewer  children  and 
better  care  for  those  who  are  bom. 

The  better  class  of  American  citizens  believe 
this  thoroughly  and  act  upon  it.  The  mere  advice 
or  condemnation  of  even  a  President  will  not,  can 
not  change  this  fact.  She  carefully  notes  all  the 
reasons  that  highly  civilized  Americans  advance 
for  not  havin^^  large  families,  and  then  shows 
what  must  obviously  be  done  to  remove  those  rea- 
sons if  we  are  really  desirous  of  avoiding  race 
suicide.  She  divides  women  into  three  classes: 
the  very  poor  who  toil  in  factories  and  mills  for  a 
living,  the  large  middle  class — those  who  wish  to 
live  full  useful  lives  and  find  this  possible  only  in 
a  business,  professional,  or  artistic  career.  She 
shows  that  this  is  inevitable,  as  the  old  work  of 
womankind  has  been  removed  from  the  homes  by 
the  economic  forces  of  the  day.  The  third  class  is 
composed  of  the  idle  rich,  who  spend  their  lives 
in  seeking  pleasure. 

*  None  of  these  classes  will  have  many  children, 
the  first  because  many  children  would  mean 
starvation  and  destitution  for  all  of  them;  the 
second  because  no  method  has  yet  been  devised 
by  which  women  can  first  be  complete,  well 
developed  human  beings  and  at  the  same  time 
worthy  and  capable  mothers.  The  third  class, 
spoiled  by  luxury  and  indulgence,  are  too  nar- 
rowly selfish  to  have  children,  and  thus,  seeking 
pleasure  solely,  miss  some  of  the  sweetest  possibil- 
ities of  life. 

In  the  meantime  throngs  of  ignorant  foreigners 
are  crowding  into  the  country  and  these,  as  soon 
as  they  become  Americanized  in  the  least,  cease  to 
be  prolific.  The  danger  of  the  American  race 
dying  out  is  not  chimerical. 

So  the  situation  is  too  critical  to  depend  solely 
upon  wordy  advice  and  criticism  for  improvement. 
Tnere  must  be  an  economic  change  in  systems, 
that  women  and  children  may  not  be  driven  by 
the  whip  of  starvation  into  the  mills  and  factories 
to  drudge  their  lives  away,  half  fed,  half  clothed 
half  provided  for  in  every  way.  Then  clever, 
strong,  full-lived  women  must  be  afforded  an 
opportunity  to  live  up  to  the  highest  capabilities 
in  the  world  of  men  and  women,  and  yet  have 
time,  energy  and  a  chance  to  have  loving  and  well 
beloved  children.     Mrs.  Commander  shows    that 


this  class  of  women  is  best  fitted  for  mothers;  they 
possess  the  mother  instinct,  and  by  first  fitting 
themselves  for  full,  active,  noble  lives  of  hnniAn 
beings,  they  are  all  the  better  as  mothers. 

The  idle  rich  class  which  grows  too  selfish  for 
motherhood,  should  be  eliminated  entirely.  It  is 
against  all  principle  of  justice  and  natural  nobility 
that  one  set  of  human  beings  should  be  given  so 
much  of  the  wealth  and  luxury  of  the  world  while 
they  do  nothing  whatever  that  is  useful  to  societj. 
It  is  injurious  to  the  other  members  of  society. 
and  degrading  to  the  pampered  ones  themselves. 
Mrs.  Commander  proves  her  position  at  every 
point.  Her  conclusions  are  not  so  much  **opiti- 
ions"  as  truths  that  can  not  be  gainsaid.  A  few 
quotations  will  show  the  style  and  excellence  of 
her  work: 

"But  the  uncertainty  of  the  future,  and  for  that 
matter  of  the  present,  is  something  that  must  give 
pause  to  every  thoughtful  person   contemplatiog 

Parenthood.  Logically,  it  is  the  duty  of  every 
ealthy  person  to  give  children  to  the  nation,  and 
the  life  of  the  nation  is  imperiled  by  the  failure  of 
the  citizen  to  perform  this  duty.  But,  on  the 
other  hand,  what  responsibility  does  society  take 
for  the  children  so  urgently  demanded?  What 
value  does  it  set  on  those  already  supplied? 

*'Who  can  feel  that  it  is  an  imperative  social  dnty 
to  add  to  the  number  of  children  in  a  land  whoe 
child  life  is  held  so  lightly  as  in  America?  There 
are  24,000  breaker  boys  toiling  in  our  coal  mines 
and  as  many  child  slaves  in  southern  cotton  mills. 
There  are  children  working  in  glass  factories  and 
running  messages,  blacking  shoes  and  selling 
papers,  at  the  expense  not  only  of  their  child- 
hood, but  of  their  future  manhood  and  woman- 
hood— for  they  will  never  be  anything  but 
cramped,  dwarfed  caricatures  of  humanity." 

**If^ there  were  any  social  realization  of  the  value 
of  children,  those  that  are  born  would  receiTe 
social  care.  Instead,  they  are  left  in  thousands  to 
die  in  tenement  houses  or  wear  their  little  lives  out 
in  factories  and  sweat  shops.  Even  hundreds  are 
deliberately  done  away  with  as  the  late  baby  farm 
exposures  have  shown.  It  does  not  look  ss  if 
babies  were  very  precious  in  a  nation  where  wo 
many  are  superfluous.  Why  not  care  for  and  rear 
such  unfortunates  instead  of  allowing  them  to  be 
destroyed  while  we  clamor  for  more?" 

*'The  choice  between  work  and  motherhood  b 
one  that  should  never  be  asked  of  woman.  It  b 
like  asking  her  to  choose  between  her  right  luad 
and  her  eyesight.  She  is  entitled  to  both.  A  pfr- 
fect  womanhood  requires  both  work  and  molacr- 
hood.  Motherhood  is  the  highest  ezpraHioB  •! 
sex,  the  ultimate  purpose  for  which  womam  9tk  ft 
female  exists.  But  work  is  tt  e  highett  i 
of  humanity,  the  ultimate  pnrpoie  lor' 
woman  as  a  human  being  ezUts.'* 

**If  she  is  denied  motherbood 
female.   If  she  is  without  wodc  _ 
place  in  human  socicty./f)y  V^jOO^ 


boQd  Ate  Mfejft  A 


American  Federationist. 

Official  monthly  maoazine 
devotbd  to  thb  interests  and  voicing  the  de- 
mands of  the  trade  union  movement, 
published  by 

THE  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OP  LABOR. 

— AT— 

423-425  a  Street  N.  W.  WastalojBton,  D.  C. 

Correspondents  will  please  write  on  one  side  of  the 
paper  only,  and  address 

Samuel  Qompers.  Editor.  Washington.  D.  C. 
All  communications  relating  to  finances  and  subscrip- 
tions should  be  addressed  to 

Frank  Morrison,  Secretary,  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  publisher  reserves  the  right  to  reject  or  revoke 
advertising  contracts  at  any  time. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  is  not  sponsor  for, 
nor  interested  in,  any  souvenir  publication  of  any  kind. 

Elntered  at  Washington,  D.  C,  postofflce  as  second-class 
matter. 


SUBSCRIPTION: 


Per  Annnm, 
Single  copy. 


$1.00. 
10  Genu. 


Executive  Conndl,  A.  P.  of  L. 

SAMUEL  QOMPERS,  President. 
JAMES  DUNCAN,  First  Vice-President. 
JOHN  MITCHELL,  Second  Vice-President 
JAMES  O'CONNELL.  Third  Vice-President. 
MAX  MORRIS.  Fourth  Vice-Presldeot. 
DENIS  A.  HAYES.  Fifth  Vice-President. 
DANIEL  J.  KEEFE.  Sixth  Vice-President. 
WILLIAM  D.  HUBER,  Seventh  Vice-President. 
JOSEPH  F.  VALENTINE,  Eighth  Vice-President. 
JOHN  B.  LENNON,  TreaRurer. 
FRANK  MORRISON,  Secretary. 


Unfair  Notice. 

Washington,  D.C., November 25, 1907, 
To  an  AtaHmted  Vniona : 

At  the  request  of  the  unions  interested,  and  after  due 
Investigation  and  attempt  at  settlement,  the  following 
concern  has  been  declared  UNFAIR: 

Kimball  Piano  Company,  Chicago,  111. 
Secretaries  are  requested  to  read  this  notice  at  union 
meetings,  and  labor  and  reform  press  please  copy. 
Fraternally  yours, 

Samuel  Gompbrs, 
Preaidenty  American  V*edera.tlon  of  Labor. 


Wc  Don't  Patronize. 

When  application  Is  made  by  an  international  union 
to  the  American  Federation  of  Lal>or  to  place  any  busi- 
ness firm  upon  the  *'We  Don't  Patronize*'  list  the  inter- 
national is  required  to  make  a  full  statement  of  its 
erievance  against  such  company,  and  also  what  efforts 
nave  been  made  to  adjust  the  same. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  either  through 
oorrenpondenoe  or  by  duly  authorized  representatives 
seeks  an  interview  with  such  firm  for  the  purpose  of 
ascertaining  the  company's  version  of  the  matter  in 
controversy. 

After  having  exhausted  in  this  way  every  effort  to 


amicably  adjust  the  matter,  the  application,  together 
with  a  full  history  of  the  entire  matter,  is  submitted  to 
the  Executive  Council  of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  for  such  action  as  it  may  deem  advisable.  If 
approved,  the  flrnt's  name  appears  on  the  **We  Don't 
I^tronize"  list  in  the  following  issue  of  the  American 
Federation  ist. 

An  international  union  Is  not  allowed  to  have  pub- 
lished the  names  of  more  than  three  firms  at  any  one 
time. 

Similar  course  is  followed  when  application  is  made 
bv  a  local  union  directly  affiliated  with  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor.  Directly  affiliated  local  unions 
are  allowed  the  publication  of  but  one  firm  at  one  time. 
Union  workingmen  and  workingwomen  and  sympa- 
thizers with  labor  have  refused  to  purchase  articles  pro- 
duced by  the  following  firms— Labor  papers  please  note 
changes  flrom  month  to  month  and  copy: 

Food  and  Kindred  PRODUcrrs. 
Bread.— McKinney  Bread  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
cygaw.— Carl  Upman,  of  New  York  City;  Kerbs,  Wer- 
theim  A  Schlffer,  of  New  York  City,  manufocturers 
of  the  Henry  George  and  Tom   Moore    Cigars: 
Rosenthal  Company.  New  York  City,  manufac- 
turers of  the  Bill  Dugan,  King  Alfred,   Peiper 
Heldseick,  Joe  Walcott,  Big  Bear,  Diamond  D,  El 
Tlladdo,  Jack  Dare,  Little  Alffed,  Club  House,  Our 
Bob,  1106  Royal  Arcanum  cigars. 
FToor.— Washburn-Crosby    Milling    Co.,   Minneapolis, 
Minn.;  Valley  City  MiUlng  Co.,   Grand  Rapids, 
Mich. 
OrooeriM.— James  Butler,  New  York  City. 
Meat. ^  J  ones  Lamb  Company,  Baltimore,  Md. 
3V>^iicco.— American  and  Continental    Tobacco  Com- 
panies. 
TTIiisJrey.— Finch  Distilling  Company,  Pittsburg.  Pa. 

Clothing. 
ClotbiDg,S,    Snellenberg    A    Co.,   Philadelphia,   Pa,; 
Clothiers'  Exchange,  Rochester,  N.  Y.;  B.  Kuppen- 
helmer  A  Co.,  Chicago,  111.;  Saks  A  Co.,  Washing- 
ton, D.C.,  New  York  City,  and  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Gorsetff.— Chicago  Corset  Company,  manufacturers  Kabo 

and  La  Marguerite  Oorsets. 
Olovea.—J.  H.   Cownle  Glove  Co.,   Des  Moines,  Iowa; 

California  Glove  Co.,  Napa,  Cal. 
Hmta,—J.  B.  Stetson  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  E.  M. 
Knox  Company,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.;  Henry  H.  Roelof 
A  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Sbirtaand  CoIIara.—VnHed  Shirt  and  Collar  Company, 
Troy,  N.  Y.;  Van  Zandt,  Jacobs  A  Co..  Troy,  N.  Y.; 
Cluett,  Peabody  A  Co.,  Troy,  N.  Y.;  James  R. 
Kaiser,  New  York  City. 

Printing  and  Publications. 
Bookbiadera,—Boomm  A  Pease  Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  • 

Prineing. -Hudson,  Klmberley  A  Co.,  printers,  of  Kansas 
City,  Mo.;  W.  B.  Con  key  A  Co.,  publishers,  Ham- 
mond, iDd.;  Ttmeay  Los  Angeles,  Cal.;  Philadelphia 
Inqairer,  Philadelphia  fiu/fotio. 

Pottery,  Glass.  Stone,  and  Cement. 
Pottery  and  firicJt.— Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co.,  of 
Chicago,  111.;  Coming,  Brick,  Tile  and  Terra  Cotta 
Company,  Coming,  N.  Y. 
G9men(.— Portland  Peninsular  Cement  Company,  Jack- 
son, Mich.;  Utloa  Hydraulic  Cement  and  Utioa 
Cement  Mfg.  Co.,  Utlca,  111. 

Machinery  and  Building. 
General  Hardware  —Landers,  Frary  A  Clark,  ^tna  Com- 
pany, New  Britain.  Conn.;  Brown  A  Sharpe  Tool 
Company,  Providence,  R.  I.;  John  Russell  Cutlerv 
Company.  Turner's  Falls,  Mass.;  Henry  Disston  « 
Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  New  York  Knife  Company, 
Walden.  N.  Y. 
Iron  and  ^Cee/.- IIUdoIs  Iron  and  Bolt  Company  of  Car- 
Dentersvllle,  111.;  Casey  A  Hedges,  Chattanooga, 
Tenn.;  Lincoln  Iron  Works  (F.  K.  Patch  ManunUs- 
turlng  Company).  Rutland.  Vt.;  Erie  City  Iron 
Works.  Erle/Pa.;  Singer  Sewing  MachlneCo.,  Eliza- 
beth, N.  J.;  Pittsburg  Expanded  Metol  Co  ,  Pitts-j 
burg.  Pa.;  American  Hoist  and  Derrick  Co.,  Slilp 
Paul,  Minn.;  SUndard  Sewing  Machine  Companyi"^^ 


(999) 


1000 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


Cleveland,  Ohio;  Manitowoc  Dry  Dock  Company. 
Manitowoc,  Wis.  *—  ^» 

fiik>ve«.— Wrought  Iron  Range  Co.,  St.  Lonia,  Mo.;  United 
States  Heater  Company,  Detroit,  Mich.;  Qurney 
Foundry  Companv,  Toronto,  Ont.;  Home  Stove 
Worktf,  Indianapolis,  Ind.;  Back's  Stove  and  Range 
Co.,  St.  Louis,  Ido. 

Wood  and  Furniture. 

Bafi.— Qulf  Bb^  Company,  New  Orleans,  La.,  branch 
Bemls  Brothers,  St  Louis,  Mo. 

BrooTDH  and  Daaten.— The  Lee  Broom  and  Duster  Com- 
pany, of  Davenport,  Iowa;  M.  Qoeller's  Sons,  Clr- 
cleville,  Ohio;  Merkle- Wiley  Broom  Co.,  ParU,  111. 

Fibre  RTore.— Indurated  Fibre  ware  Company,  Lock- 
port,  N.  Y. 

Farniture.—Americ&n  Billiard  Table  Company,  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio;  O.  Wlsner  Piano  Company.  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.;  Krell  Piano  Company,  Cincinnati,  Ohio; 
Derby  Desk  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

Gold  «eat«w.— Hastings  and  Co,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  J.  J. 
Keeley,  New  York  City;  F.  W.  Rauslcolb,  Boston, 
Mass. 

I«Dmber.~Relnle  Bros.  A  Solomon,  Baltimore,  Md.;  St. 
Paul  and  Tacoma  Lumber  Company,  Tacoma, 
Wash.;  Gray's  Harbor  Commercial  Co.,Co8mopolis, 
Wash. 

Leati!i0r.~Lerch  Bros.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

BolilMr.— Lambertvllle  Rubber  Company,  Lambertville, 

WaU  Paper— William  Bailey  &  Sons,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Wagoaa,— The  Hickman-Bbbert  Company,  Owensboro, 
Ky.;  Owensboro  Wagon  Company,  Owensboro, 
Ky.;  F.  A.  Ames  Company,  Owensboro,  Ky. 

IFatotes.— Keystone  Watch  Case  Company,  of  Philadel- 
phia, Pa  ;  Jos.  Fahy,  Brooklyn  Watch  Case  Com- 
pany, Sag  Harbor;  T.  Zurbrugg  Watch  Case 
Company,  Riverside, N.J. 

Win  Clotb.—ThoB.  E.  Qleeson,  East  Newark,  N.  J.;  Lind- 
say Wire  Weaving  Co.,  CoUlngwood,  Ohio. 
Miscellaneous. 

Bill PoaterB.—BryAn  A  Co.,  Cleveland.  Ohio;  A.  Van 
Buren  0>.  and  New  York  Bill  Porting  Co.,  New 
York  City. 

HbteZs.—Reddlngton  Hotel,  Wllkesbarre,  Pa. 

itAihravs.— AtchlHon,  Topeka,  and  Santa  Fe  Railroad; 
Missouri.  Kansas  and  Texas  Railway  Company. 

Te/tfgrapAy.— Western  Union  Telegraph  Company  and 
its  Messenger  Service. 

D.  M.  Parry,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

Thomas  Taylor  A  Hon,  Hudson,  Mass. 

0.  W.  Post,  Manufacturer  of  Grape  Nuts  and  Postum 
Cereal,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 


STATE  OF  EMPLOYMENT.  OCTOBER,  1907. 
Compiled  by  the  Editor  of  the  American  Federationist. 

Of  the  1,649  unions  making  returns  for  October,  1907, 
with  an  aggregate  membership  of  127,500,  there  were  1.4 
per  cent  without  employment.  In  the  preceding  month 
880  unions,  with  a  membership  of  2tf,680,  reported  2.2  per 
cent  uneropl«>yed. 


'Sl^Jm.re6.^^.^.Jn>Ji^Au^Sf^(y.M^.i^ 

o 

A    - 

6       t 

S       A                           -i^ 

4           V                      1\            ^ 

3       vt                      t\^       t 

Uq^^^      tzt    L 

/     ^^^^^  S/ 

'       jsi^^^      -Y- 

Clu%rt  showing  thn  rep'trted  percentage  of  anem- 
ployed  members  of  trade  onions  at  the  olose  of  eaoh 
month,  oommenoine  January,  1906. 

The  heavy  line  Indicates  the  per  cent  for  1907:  the 
light  line  for  1906. 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT. 

Folio  wing  is  a  statement  of  the  receipts  and     _ 
for  the  month  of  October,  1907.    (The  months  are  abtorv^i 
vlated  thus:  J,  f,  m,  a,  m,  etc.)  i 

1.  Balance  on  band  October  1, 1907 fU7J10  a| 

Elastic  goring  weavers  amal  asso,  tax,  a,  | 

8,  o „„„  1  4S, 

Gas  workers  9915,  tax,  J ,  a,  s.  $2.70;  d  f;  f2  7II„         im 
Stoneware  notters  7117.  tax,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d.  ' 

Watch  finishers  10154,  tax.  a,  s,  o,  ci;  d  f,  |i»  6  OdI 

Ship  machinery  and  derrick  riggers  lOUA.  I 

tax,  sept,  12.70;  d  f,  $2.70 „„ ZIZ         i  «| 

Horse  nail  makers  7078,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $10.50; 

d  f, $10.50 MOO 

Cloth  and  stock  workers  10184,  tax,  a,  a, 

$4.80;  d  f.  $4.80 !.._ 9  »| 

Furnace  workers  12481,  tax,  J,  a,  $3;  d  f,  $3....  6  00 ; 

Penn  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a,  a....  -i  «  : 

Gardeners  and  fiorists  11981,  tax,  a,  s,  $5;  d  L 

$5;  sup,$l 

2.  Hat  trimmers  11691,  tax,  sept,  $1.55:  d  f.  $1.56 
Curb  setters  12872,  tax,  J,  J,  a,  $1  JO:  d  f.  $1.80.. 
Tin  plate  workers  intl  prot  aeso  of  A,  tax,a,  a 
Brushmakers  Intl  union,  tax,  aug.. 


Intl  typographical  union,  tax.  sept 

Swltchmens  union  of  N  A,  tax,  sept 

Va  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  a,  m,  1.  J,  a,  s,  o,  n 
Central  lat>or  union,  Millinocket,  Me,  tax,  J, 

Jf  a „ 

Central  labor  union.  Pall  River,  Mass,  tax, 

tax,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Hancock,  Mich* 

tax,  J,  a,  8. 

Federal  labor  11651.  tax,  a,  s,  $5.85;  d  f,  ^JIS.. 
Federal  labor  11459,  tax,  sept,  $1.80;  d  f,  $1  SO 

Federal  12108,  tax,  a,  s,  $4;  d  f,$4 

Interlocking  switch  and  signalmen  11887. 

tax,  sept.  $l.50jd  f,  $4.50 

Firemens  asso  12270,  tax,  sept.  $5;  d  f,  %L 

Rockmens  prot  10631,  tax,  a,  m,  j,  J,  a,  a,  $60; 

d  f,  $60 

Suspender  workers  8144,  tax,  sept,  $1.80;  d  f, 

$1.80 

Hospital  employes  asso  10768,  tax,  a,  a,  $1.20; 

d  f.  $1.20 _. 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12349,  tax, 

J,a,s,$3  05:  d  f,$8.05 

Mineral  water  bottles  11829,  tax,  a.  s.  $1.80: 

d  f.$l.8a ! 

Federal  labor  8208,  tax,  a,  s.  $1.60;  d  f,  $4.60  .. 
Hospital  employes  asso  10641,  tax,  aug.  75c; 

d  f,  75c 

Federal  labor  12424,  tax,  J,a,8,$4  80;  d  f,  $4.80; 

sup,  $2.40 

Federal  labor  7087,  tax,  a,  s,  $12.70;  d  f,  $12  70; 

sup,  5c 

Machinists  helpers  12S6I,  tax,  sept, $3.50;  d  f. 

$3.50;  sup,  74r»    „ 

(Lee  H  Griffin)  street  and  electric  railway 

employes  locsl  2?W,  sup,  90o 

Egg  candlers  12000.  tax,  aug,  $2.25;  d  f,  $2]aS; 

sup,  $2 

Federal  labor  12339,  tax,  a,  s,  $6.10;  d  f,  $8a0; 

sop.  $1 ,.,.. 

Base  ball  makers  10929,  tax,  a,  s,  $1.20;  d  11 

$1.20 ?! 

United  show  flguremakers  12-^89.  sup 

Kentucky  fed  of  labor,  tax,  nov,  HJe,  to  and 

Inc.  Oct,  *07 , 

Rhode  Island  fed  of  labor,  tax.  J.  J.  a     

N  Y  state  fed  of  labor,  may,  '07,  to  and  Inel 

apr,  *08 „  . 

Federal  labor  12471.  tax.  au^.  $4:  d  r  $1 

Federal  labor  8426,  tax,  J,  a,  s.  $1.05;  d  U  $1.03 

Federal  labor  9066.  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $S;  d  f,  $8 

Arsenal  machinists  helpers  12828,  tax,  J,  a. 

$8;  d  f,$3 .;:. .T!77. ..I!.!!! 

Bottlers  union  10218,  tax,  J.  J, a,  a,  $1.4(1^  d  i; 

Stenographers,  typewiiters^  bookJceinmik 
and  assistants  11597,  tax,  a,  a,  $U5; «  ^ 
$8.25 ..»..^.^...^>..,w.w 

Cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  UKId;  tas, 
sept.  $>.75:  d  f.  $».75 .. .,«^-3 

Egg  inspectors  1 12M.  tax.  aept^  $»:  d^t  tlK^ 

Stonemasons  12076,  tax,  aoi,i0o;4l^mtM9b 

Wood.  wire,  and  metal  uiU^         „ 

Intl  union  of  elevator  caUtraelMki 
Federal  labor  8228.  ano  .^  mm* 
Steel  casemakers  1181^  ttt% 
$S.05:  sup,  $2.10..„.......,«^ 

Suspender  workef^lttHb' 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


1001 


HEOLD  REUABLE 


^imifi 


Absolutely  Pure 

HAS  MO  SUBSmUTE 

Oil  and  gas  well  workent,  Ijuul,  lax,  J,  u,  s, 

f  16:  d  f.  f  15 tgp^OO 

Laborers,  excavators,  and   rockmen  11(J7»,       .""T!! 

tax,  J,  a.  s.  o.  110:  d  f,  $IU. 20  05 

House  raisers  and  movers  128H,  tax,  s,  o, 

$1^;  d  f,  $1.80 8  eo 

Meobanlcs  belperx  1241o,  tax,  aag.  |l;d  r  |1»  2  00 

Condalt  trench: laborers  12286,  tax,aug,|l  26;      ^ 

d  f.  tl  25 T  60 

Federal  labor  8720,  tax,  sept,  80c;  d  f.  80c 1  00 

Central  labor  union,  Northampton,  Mass, 

tax,  m,  J.  J 2  60 

United  pearl  workers  12472,  tax,  sept,  $8.86;      S^' 

d  f.f0.8& Jl9:70 

Federal  labor  72r4,  tax,  sept,  6^c;  d  f,  00c. 1|20 

Indiana  state  federation  of  labor,  tax,  nov, 

»07,  to  and  Incl  oct,  »U8 |10  00 

Central  labor  union,  Akron,  Ohio,  tax,  a, 

m,J, J,  a,s 6  00 

Central  labor  union.  Hard  wick,  Vt,  sup. 10  00 

Bakery  and    confectionery    workers   intl 

union  of  A.  tax.  J,  a^  s 160  68 

Am  fed  of  musicians,  tax,  oct 187  60 

Intl  onion  of  pavers  and  ram  mermen,  tax, 

J.  a,  s.  o 80  00 

Amal  sheet  metal  workers  Intl  alliance,  tax, 

oct,  '06.  to  and  Incl,  sept,  '07 017  06 

Amal  meat'  cutters  and  butcher  workmen 

of  N  A,  tax,  sept 80  00 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12680,  tax,8ept,         'V'* 

II;  d  f.  fl;  sup.  25c 2  25 

Laborers  prot  12541,  tax,  aug.  81.70;  d  f,  fl.70; 

sup,  $9.6 » 6  90 

Half  spinners  10689,  sup  100 

Horse  nail  workeni  10968,  tax,  sept.  12.80;  d  f, 

12.80:  sup,  rz 7  60 

Water  plp-^  extension  laborers  12093,  tax,  J, 

J,  a,  flO;  d  f.  $10;  Rup,  50c 20  60 

i  Central  labor  union,  Tamaqua  and  Panther 

<'reek  Valley.  Pa,  tax,  J,  a.  8 2  60 

Lithographers  Intl  prot  and  beneficial  asso 

of  U  Sand  Canada,  tax,  sept 10  00 

Baspender  workers  11251,  tax,  sept,  40c;  d  f, 

40c 80 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Wallace,  Idaho. 

•up 5  00 


6.  Soap  workers  12279.  tax,  sept,  fl  20;  d  f,  81.20 
Trades  and  labor  council,  Wallace,  Idaho. 

tax,  nov.  '07.  to  and  incl  oct,  '06 

Federal  labor  12676,  sup 

Federal  labor  12800,  tax,  sept,  f  1 J16;  d  f,  81.86 
Federal  labor  11968,  tax,  sept,  $2.60;  d  f.  $2.60 
Federal  labor  12440,  tax.  aug,  $1.46;  d  f,$1.46.. 

Federal  labor  9068,  tax,  J,  a,  $^  d  f,  $2 

Federal  labor  12222,  sup 

Machinists  helpers  9718,  tax,  oct.  $6;d  f,  $5; 

sup,  $2 

Milk  dealers  prot  8226,  tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s,  o. 

$2.45;  d  f,  t2.45;  sup.  $1.06 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12487.  tax, 

sept,  $8.60;  d  f,  $3.60;  sup,  $2.10 

7.  The   order  of  railroad  telegraphers,   tax, 

J.  a,  s 

Amal  asso  of  iron,  steel,  and  tin  workers, 

tax.  a,  s. 

Intl  slate  and  tile  roofers  union  of  A,  tax, 

1,  a,  s.o,  n.  d 

united  bro  of  carpenters  and  Joiners  of  A, 

tax,  aug 

United  anso  Journeymen  plumbers,  gas- 
fitters,    stea  matters,     and     steam  fitters 

helpers  of  UHand  Can,  bah  J,  J,  a,  s 

Central  labor  assem.  Wash,  Pa,  tax,  a,  m, 

J,  J.  a,  s 

Central  fed  of  labor.  Cohoes.  N  Y,  tax.J,  a,  s 
Central   labor  union,   Rockland,  Me,  tax, 

m,a,  m.J,J,a 

Central  labor  union,  White  River  Junction, 

Vt,  tax,  J.  a,s. 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Charleston,  8  C, 

tax,  a,  s.  o 

Trades    council,  Anderson,   Ind,  tax,   m, 

a,  m „ 

Central   labor  union.  Rich  Hill,  Me,  tax, 

i,  a,  8  .....*. „ _... 
e  Florida  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  m,  a.  m. 

Machinists 'beipera''i^ 

$1.76. 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12209,  tax, 

sept,  $2.40;  d  f,$2.40 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12268,   tax, 

sept.$l;  df.$l  

Federal  labor  12264.  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $0.76;  d  f,$9.75 
Federal  labor  12385.  Ux,  o,  n,  $8  60;  d  f,  $8.60 

Federal  labor  8288.  tax.  a,  s,  $6;  d  fl  $6 

Federal  labor  8770,  tax,  s,  o,  $8;  d  f,  $3 

Federal  labor  11567,  tax,  J,  a,  $1:  d  f,  $1 

Federal  labor  12544,  tax.  o.  n,  70c;  d  f,  70c 

Nail  mill  employee  9967,  Ux.  oot,  $1.50;  d  f, 

$1.60 !....:. .......7. ! 

Scale  workers  prot  7502,  tax,  sept,  $9.90;  d  f, 

$0.90. 

Fur  hat  feeders  a^^^^^ 

sept,  $1.76;  d  f,$1.76 „ 

Stable  employes  12882,  tax.  sept,  60o;  d  f.6Ca 

Milkers  8861.  tax,  sept.  $7.60;  d  f.  r .50 

Telephone  operators  12562,   tax,  sept,   86c; 

d  f,  86c 

Needlemakers  11488,  Ux,J,  a,  s,  $4.66;  d  f, 

$4.65 _ 

Bridge  tenders  I28S8.  tax,  oct,  $8;  d  f.  $8 

Union  de  miners  12340,  tax,  aur,  $14:  d  f.$14 
Federal  labor  7281,  tax,  aug,  $2.10;  d  f,  $2.10; 

8up,$lJ0 

Window  cleaners  12020,  tax,  oot,  70c;  d  f.  70o; 

sup,  60c..«,^... 

Federal  labor  9857,  tax,  oct,  75c;  d  f,  76o;  sup. 

Laborers  prot  12588,  sup.  ...7.V.V.** .V. 

Snspendermakers  9660,  sup 

S.  United  bro  of  leather  workers  on   horse 

goods,  tax,  sept 

Natl  asso  of  machine  printers  and  rolor 

mixers  of  U  8,  tax,  a,  o.  n 

Central  trades  and    labor  council.    All^n- 

town.  Pa.  tax.apr.  'OT.toandlncI  mnr.  '08.. 
Trades  and    labor  council,   Poughkeepsle, 

N  Y,  tax,bal,a,8 

Central  labor  union,  Thompson vl lie.  Conn, 

tax.  a,  m.l,  J,  a.  8  

Wdmens  laborers  prot  11752,  tax,  aug,  $1.70; 

d  f.$4.70 

Laborers  prot  11817.  Ux,  J,J,  a,s,  $2.P0;  d  f, 

$2.90 

Federal  la»»or  12545.  'ax.  sept.  56c;  d  f.  55o 

Federal  labf>r  11248,  tax,  h.  o.  $1.10;  d  f,  $1.10.. 
NnvyyHrd  clerkB  and  draugtitsmens  asRO 

12S27,  Ux.  sept.  $6.25;  d  f.  $6.25  

Kock  drillers  and  tool  sharpeners  12366,  tax, 

sept.  r».60;  d  f.  $3.50 


$2  40 

10  00 
7  10 
270 
600 
290 
400 
250 

12  00 

696 

9  10 
225  00 
100  00 

18  00 
992  50 

285  00 

600 
260 

600 

36t 

360 

260 

360 

500 

860 

480 

300 

19  60 
700 

12  00 
600 
200 
140 

800 

19  80 

860 
1  00 
16  00 

70 

980 

600 

28  00 

600 

1  90 

250 
250 
16  00 

20  00 
699 

10  00 

125 

600 

940 

580 
1  10 
220 

12  50 

700 


[le 


1002 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


SAMUEL  SWAH.  PresL  W.  D.  LENT,  Tice-Prcst. 

CHAS.  F.  TOWMER,  Sec*y  and  Treas. 

THE 

David  B*  Crockett  Company 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

riNE  VARNISH  SPCCIALTICS 

WEaretheorlFl- 
nal  and  oiuy 
makers  in  the  world  ^.<Q^ 

of  Genuine  Spar 
Composition,   and 
Nos.  1  and  2  Pre- 
fervative.    These 
foods    we    have 
manufactured  al- 
most thirty  years, 
by  a  process  exclu- 
sively our  own,  and  after  a  formula  which  is  an  absolute 
secret  known  only  to  this  company.  As  a  result  we  have  the 
best  materials  ever  used  as  Varnishes.    We  warrant  and  will 
defend  them  against  all  comers. 

OF  LATE  YEARS,  HOWEVER, 

others  have  taken  advantage  of  the  popularity  of  our  foods 
to  bring  out  numerous  imitations  which  are  offered  under 
the  same  or  similar  names. 

Aioid  Mil  iueb  as  they  Mn  aot  in  th9  Ma«  elMU  with  our  Gen- 
uine Spar  Composition  and  Nos.  1  and  2  Preservative  in  any 
respect— and  in  all  probability  will  crack,  soften,  discolor, 
stick,  peel,  or  otherwise  ruin  interior  or  exterior  finish. 

Please  send  to  us  freelv  for  copies  of  our  Architectural 
Hand-Book,  Sample  Boaros,  or  samples  of  our  foods. 

if  local  dealers  can  not  supply  you,  send  direct  to— 

THE  DAVID   B.  CROCKETT  COMPANY, 
Bridgeport,  Conn.,  U.  8.  A. 

8.  Lampligbters  1 2461,  t « x,  ao g, f  i6.50;  d  f,  $26.60       $53  00 
Hospital  employes  10088,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $2.26; 

d  f  $2.26 4  60 

United  neckwear  cutt«r8  6989,  tax,  a,  s,  $7.60; 

d  f,  $7.60 16  00 

Tobacco  Btrlppers  12571.  tax,  oct,  $1.10;  d  f, 

$1.10;  sup,  60c 2  70 

Am  society  of  plate  engravers  9008,  tax,  oct, 

9Jc;  d  f,  95c;  sup,  60c 2  40 

Federal  labor  8060,  tax,  oct,  $3.90;  d  f,  $8.90; 

sup,  60c 8  80 

Packers  prot  12617,  tax,  $2.90;  d  f,  $2.90;  sup, 

7c 6  87 

Federal  labor  12106,  Ux,  sept,  $1.65;  d  f,  $1.66; 

sup,  26c.....' « 8  66 

Intl  shingle  weavers  union  of  A,  tax,  sept, 

$18.17;  sup,  $82.60 46  77 

9.  Egg  inspectors  asso  12691,  sup 10  00 

cQ^armakers  intl  union,  sup 849  91 

Bro  of  painters,  decorators,  and  paperhang- 

ers  of  A,  tax,  sept 888  60 

Laborers  prot  962ft,  tax,  J.  a,  s,  $2.10;  d  f,  $2.10  4  20 

Federatea   trades   assem,    Dulatb,    Minn, 

tax,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Hartford,  Conn,  tax, 

J,  a.  8 2  60 

Central  labor  onion,  Taunton,  Mass,  tax,  m, 

a,  m,  J.J.a 61  00 

Central  trades  council,  DeLand,  Fla,  tax, 

o,  n,  d 2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Nashua,  N   H,   tax, 

a.  ra, J 2  60 

Federal  labqr  12558.  tax,  oct.  $2.80;  d  f.  $2.80...  4  60 

Federal  labor  8189,  tax,  sept,  $8;  d  f,  $3 6  00 

Federal  labor  12414,  tax,  a,  s,  $5.80;  d  f,  $5.80...         11  60 

Federal  labor  11098.  tax.  sept.  35c:  d  f,  86c 70 

Federal  labor  11888.  lax.  s,  o.  $1.10;  d  f.  $1.10..  2  20 

Elevator  conductors  and  starters  11960,  tax, 

sept,  $5;  d  f,  $5 10  00 

Florists  and  gardeners  10726,  tax,  s,o,  $2.60; 

d  f,$2.80 ^.«.  6  00 

Meter  makers  and  repairers  12284,  tax,  sept, 

86c;  d  f,  85c 1  70 

Horse  nail  makers  9666,  tax,  oct,  $2.80;  d  f, 

$2.80 6  60 

Hair  spinners  12368,  tax,  sept,  40c;  d  f,  40c 80 

Bewer  and  tunnel  workers  7819,  tax,  sept,  $8; 

d  f,  $8 16  00 


When  you  want  a  Pure^ 
Mildy  and  Palatable  Whiskey 
for  the  sideboard  or  sick  room 
or  when  a  friend  asks  you  to 
^^have  oney'  remember 

KY.  TAYLOR 

Wright  Sr  Taylor 

Distillers  ^^^^^  Louisville 


9.  Tobacco  strippers  9608.  Ux,oct,  $5:  d  f,  $5 $10  00 

Federal  labor  125S0,  tax,  sept,  70c;  d  f,  70c; 

sup,  44c I  *4 

Obio  statu  federation  of  labor,  sap s  lo 

Federal  labor  8228,  tax.  n,  d,  '07,  Jan,  *06,  $1.06; 

d  f.  $1.06;  sup,  $1 I  10 

Furriers  7.  sup 25 

Bpring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12570,  sap...  50 
Machinists  helpers  and  handymens  12492, 

tax.  J.  a,  $2.63;  d  f,  $2.65;  sap,  $1 6  ."W 

Macbinisu  helpers  12678,  sup S  m 

10.  Kansas  state  federation  of  labor,  tax,  s,  o,  n  3  50 

United  mine  workers  of  A,  tax,  sept 1^  m 

Intl  bro  of  teamsters,  tax,  sept vn  9 

Intl  union  of  steam  engineers,  Ux.  sept. 87  5C 

Metal  polishers.  buflTers,  platers,  bran  mold- 

ers,  brass  and  silver  workers  of  N  A,  tax, 

sept SO  00 

Traaes  and  labor  assem,  Beaumont,  Tex, 

tax,  feb,  '07,  to  and  Incl  Jan,  '06 10  OO 

Central  labor  union,  Lyndon vi tie,  Vt,  tax, 

J,  a,  s —  2  » 

Federal  labor  8806,  tex,  oct,  $2.10:  d  t,  $2.10....  4  » 

Federal  labor  10279,  tax,  sept,  $1.90;  d  f,$l  JC  I  m 

Federal  labor  8805,  tax,  oct,  40c:  d  f.  40c 9 

Federal  labor  11200.  tax,  a.  a.  90o;  d  f,  90e 1  9 

Federal  labor  9186.  tax.  oct,  $1.20:  d  f.  $1 JD....  2  « 

Fibre  pressmens  9881,  tax,  oct,  $1.76;  d  f,  $1.75  1  3» 
Horse  nail  makers  p  and  b  7180,  tax,  oot,  $4; 

d  f,$4 »» 

Bewer  inspectors  12381,  Ux,  octJLOO;  d  f,tlJO  S  « 
Paper  carriers  p  and  b  asso  6788,  tax,  a.  o« 

fe:  d  f,  $8 f  If. 

Horse  nail  makers  p  and  b  6170,  tax,  mdI, 

$5.75;  d  f,  $5.76 U  » 

Mineral  water  bottlers  11817,  sap .  1$  01 

Electrical  workers  and  Unemena  9001,  tax, 

J.  i,  a,  $1.85;  d  f.  $1.86 ^ «..-^ I  ^ 

Railway  machinists  helpers  12502,  ■ap......M  It  M 

Lamplighters  12464,  sup 1  W 

Quarry  workers  intl  union  of  N  A«  mm».^  2  • 
Laborers  prot  12606,  tax,  sept.  $L7S;  d  tMMi 

sup,  $2.40 ..^ i  • 

Trades  and   labor  ooonoll,  Wert  MjiiiWlV  ^ 

Kans,  Ux,  J,  a,  s,  $2.60;  aam  ftWUyM»..a>  i  « 
Federal  labor  10185,  Uz, Mpt,M30(4|(M| 

sap,  $2.76 ............,^^1.1,  ■,i.i«^^|,a  I  « 

11.  Federal  labor 7087, taz« oeti iM8|lMPb  tt« 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


1003 


M 

cC  R  E  E  RY 

A  N 

D 

COMPANY 

D  R 

Y    GOODS 

Wood  Street  at  Sixth  Avenue 

^ 

Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

INDEPENDENT  SALT  CO.  2^^°™^ 


BorotigK  of  BrooRlrn,  Citr  of  New  YorR 


Taylor  St 


549  to  559 

Smith  Street,  Brooklyn 

Telephone  Call,  640  Hamilton 


WAREHOUSES: 


332  East  103d  Street 

Manhattan  Market 

Telephone  Call,  1 1 36-79th  St. 


11.  Steel  and  copper  plate  engravers  league  12511, 

tax,  sept,  $1.46;  d  f,$4.45. „..        $8  90 

MacbioisU  helpers- I243tf,  tax,  J, a,  s,  $2.10; d  f, 

$2.10 4  20 

Machinists  helpers  12807,  tax,  oct,  $1;  d  f,  $1..  2  00 

Btave  pliers   and  helpers  12301,  tax,  sept, 

$1.50;  d  f,$1.50 3  00 

Laborers  prot  12442,tax,  oct,  $2.76;  d  f,  r2.75; 

sup,  50c 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Zanesville,  Ohio,  tax, 

may  *07,  to  and  incl  apr,  '08 — «„        10  00 

Federal  labor  7241,  Ux,  oct,  75c;  d  f,  76c 1  60 

Federal  labor  9993,  tax,  oct,  $5;  d  f,  $5 10  00 

Federal  labor  12012.  tax.  sept,  $1.25;  d  f.  $1.25..  2  60 

Federal  labor  10816.  tax,  aug,  $2.50;  d  f,  $2.50..  6  00 

Federal  labor  12414,  tax,  sept,  $3.30;  d  f,  $3.30..  6  60 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers    12010,  tax,  sept, 

$3.90;  d  f,  $3.90 7  80 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12693,  sap 10  00 

Artesian    well  drillers  and  levermens  10314 

tax.  oet,  $2;  d  f,  $2 4  00 

United  bro  of  carpenters  and  Joiners  of  A, 

tax,  bal  ofjune,  bal  of  aug , 66  60 

City  flremens  prot  asao  11974,  tax,  sept,  $5; 

d  f,$> 10  00 

Hospital  employes  asso  10725,  tax,  oct,  $3.06; 

d  f  $3  06 6  10 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  12004,  tax,  J,  a,  8c; 

d  f,  8c 16 

Moving  pictnre  operators  12877,  tax,  J,  a,  $4; 

d  f,  $t ^         8  00 

Intl  stereotypers  and  electrotypers  union, 

tax,  J,  a,  s 41  81 

Paving  cutters  union  of  U  8  and  Can,  tax. 

sept 9  60 

Natl  fed  of  post  office  clerks,  tax,  sept 6  00 

Suspender  workers  9480,  sup 7  60 

Leland  Stanford,  Jr,   university,  Stanford 

university,  Cal,  sup 15  00 

Pipe  oalkers  and  tappers 7348,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $12; 

d  f,  $12;  sup,  60c 24  60 

Ceramic,mosaic  and  encaustic  tile  layers  and 

helpers  intl  union,  sup 19  60 

Central  labor  union.  South  Framlngham, 

Mass,  sup 60 

Waterworkersemployes  12306,  tax,  oct,  $4.16; 

d  f.$4.16;  sup,  $2.25 10  65 

Machine  chain  assem  12607,  tax,  oct,  $3;  d  f, 

$3;  sup,  $1 7  00 

Federal  labor  7501,  tax,  sept,  $2.76;  d  f,  $2.75; 

sup,  $1.50 7  50 

Intl  ore  of  bollermakers,  iron  shipbuilders 

of  A,  1,  sup 8  60 

Flanermens  prot  10605,  tax,  oct.  $1;  d  f,  $1 2  00 

12.  Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12585,  tax,  oct, 

$2.26;  d  f.  $2.26 4  60 


12.  Drain  layers  and  helpers  12534,  tax,  nov,  $5; 

d  f,  $5 

Central  labor  union,  Lafayette,  Ind,  tax,  J, 

a,s 

Curb  cutters  and  setters  8373,  tax,  o,  n,  d,  '07; 

J,  f,  m,  a,  »08.  $3.50;  d  f,  $8.60 

Central  labor  union.  North  Adams,  Mass, 

tax,  a,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s 

Federal  labor  12325,  tax,  nov,  $2.50;  d  f,  $2.60.. 
Intl  bro  of  maintenance  of  way  employes. 

tax,  sept 

Intl  asso  of  bridge  and  structural  iron  work- 

ers  tax  a.  s 
Federal  labor 'il7ia','tax,"8ept,*'w^^ 

Federal  labor  12594,  sup. 

Federal  labor  12018,  tax,  oct,  $2.76;  d  f,  $2.76.. 
Municipal  water  pipe  layers  12;i67,  tax,  sept. 

$2.50;  d  f,$2.50 

Inll  longshoremen  asso,  tax,  bal  Jan,  to  and 

incl  sept 

Telephone  operators  11498,  tax,  oct,  60o;  d  f. 

60c 

Tobacco  strippers  10422,  tax,  oct,  $3.60;  d  f, 

$3.50 ! 

Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12308,  tax, 

sept.  $1.20;  d  f.$1.20 

Mineral  and  soda  water  bottlers  9276,  tax, 

a,  8,  $1;  d  f,$l 

Paving  cutters  union  of  (J  S  and  Can.  sup.. 
Laborers  prot  12641,  tax,  sept,  $2.86;  d  f,  $2.S6; 

sup,  50c 

Scalemens  prot  11408,  tax.  sept,  $1.60;  d  f, 

$1.50;  sup,  60c.„ 

Machinists  helpers  12560,  tax,  sept,  $3.66;  d  f, 

$3.65;  sup,  50o. 

Highway  dept  employes  12510,  tax,  oct,  $3.60; 

d  f.$3.60;  sup.$l ...  .?. 

14.  Trades  and  labor  assem.  New  Athens,  111, 

tax,  J,  a,  s 

Central  labor  union.  Marine  City,  Mich,  tax, 

m,J,J 

Central  labor  union,  Nelsonville,  Ohio,  tax, 

J,  a,  s 

Central  trades  and  labor  assem,  Watertown, 

N  Y,  tax,  J,  J,  a 

Central  labor  union,  Washington,  D  C,  tax, 

a,  8,  o 

Trades  union  assem,  Wllliarasport,  Pa,  tax, 

June,  '08,  to  and  incl  aug,  »07 

Music  engravers  11809,  tax,  sept,  $1.75;  d  f, 

$1.75 

Metermakers  prot  11250,  tax,  July,  $7.60;  d  f, 

$7.60 > 

Saw  fliers  12519.  tax,  sept,  $1.50;  d  f,  $1.50 

Springand  pocket  knife  makers  12670b  ta: 

oct, 90c;  d  f,90c grti-zedtey 


$10  00 

250 

700 

600 
600 

87  26 

100  00 

800 

10  00 

660 

600 

90  00 

1  20 
7  00 
240 

2  00 

2  ao 

620 
860 

7  60 

8  00 
260 
260 
250 
260 
260 

12  60 

860 

15  00 
800 


i^^bogie 


1004 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


SMOKE,,, 

J.  G.  Dill's  Best  Cut  Plug' 

RICHMOND,  VA. 


"Ohio"  Edge  Toob  are  Famous  for  Keen  and  Lasting  Cutting  Edges 

Sudi  took — the  Idnd^lhat  does  not  give  down  n  the  midrt  o(  an  important  )ob— are  worth  ntiHiitg  upon.    AO  f 
deal^  hamfle  the  "Ohio"  hne.    ^We  manufacture  Planet, 
both   iron  and  wood,   Qnaek,  Gouges,  Drawing  Knives, 
Auger  Bits,  Spoke  Shaves.  Bench  and  Hand  Screws.  Etc. 
Ewrj  Tool  Corered  hj  a  Broad  Gnaraatoo 
Write  for  Catalog  F 

OHIO  TOOL*  COMPANY 


Col«iinl>«is»  OKio 


14.  Domestic  laborers  11668,  tax,  J,  a,  tl;  d  f,  fl... 

Dock  builders  12429,  tax.  sept,  fl6;  d  f  J15 

Newspaper  and  mall  deliverers  9468,  tax, 

auK.$46;d  f,846 

BootbliMsks  prot  11964,  tax,  s,  o,  82;  d  f.  82 

Telephone  operators  10795,  tax,  oct,  7uc;  d  f, 

70c 

Shirt,   waist,  and  laandry    workers  Intl 

anion,  tax,  a.  s 

Intl  union  of  slate  workers,  tax,  sept 

Clgarmarkers  Intl  union  of  A,  tax,  sept 

Intl  Klove  workers  union  of  A,  tax,  oct 

Buspendermakers  9560,  tax,  aug,  88.25;  d  f, 

88.25 

Cemetery  employes  10634,  tax,  oct,  86.60;  d  f, 

fa  u\ 

Fed'erai'iabor'liwrtaxVsept 

Federal  labor  12868.  tax.  J.  a,  s,  o.  82;  d  f.  82... 

Federal  labor  12821,  tax.  sept,  80c;  d  f,  80c... 

Federal  labor  12002,  tax,  sept.  50c;  d  f,  50c 

Federal  labor  9626,  Ux,  oct.  8S.50;  d  f,  88.50.... 

Flat  Janitors  12587,  sup 

Kallroad  helpers  and  laborers  12508,  sup 

Railroad  helpers    and  laborers  12698,  tax. 

nov.  81.10;  d  f,  81.10:  sup.  81 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12509,  sup 

Railroad  helpers  and    laborers  12509,  tax, 

nov,  81.80;  d  f, 81.80;  sup,  82 

GK>ld  dredge  miners  12S95,  sup 

'Ropemen    helpers    and    surfacemen  and 

f&eral  12892,  tax,  sept,  84.50;  d  f,  84.50;  sup.  ' 

81 

Federal  labor  12666,  tax,  s,  o,  82.50;  d  f,  82.50 

sup.  82.72 

Garaeners  and  florists  10615,  tax,  sept,  82; 

d  f,  82:  sup,  50c 

Clay  makers  12461,  tax,  sept.  82.95;    d  f,  82.95; 

sup,  81.50 

Federal  labor  10977,  sup 

Central  fed  of  labor,  Cohoes,  N  Y,  sup 

Moccasin  workers  12484,  tax,  a,  s,  88.40;  d  f, 

83.40;  sup,  50c 

15.  Actors  natl  prot  union  of  A,  tax.  sept 

Intl  ladles  garment  workers,  tax,  sept 

Pole  raisers  and  electrical  assts  12491,  tax, 

aoctoct,83;d  f.  83 .« 

Trades  council,  Mlllvlile.  N  J,  tax.  J  J,  a 

Central  labor  union,  Philadelphia.  Pa,  tax, 

J,  a,  8,  o,  n,  d,*07 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Shawnee,  Okla, 

tax.  a,  8,  o 

Trades  Council,  Bnld,  Okla,  tax.  J.  a,  s 

N  J  sute  fed  of  labor,  tax,  oct,  M)6,  to  and 

Inclsept.  'C8 

Federal  labor  12416.  tax»  sept,  80c;  d  f.  80c 

Federal  labor  8818.  tax.  oct.  81.20;  d  t.  81.20... 
United  pearl  workers  12497. tax.  sept. $8;  d  f.88 
N  Y  trans  co  employes  prot  11824,  tax,  oct, 

81.25;  d  f,  81. 2.5 

Bleachers,  dyers,  and  helpers  12096,  tax,  s,  o, 

$fl;df,8« 

Stoneware  workers  6888,  tax.  oct,  85.25;  d  f, 

85.25 

Park  dept  laborers  12435,  tax,  a.  s,  o,  84.50; 

df,84.M 

LAborers  prot  10215,  tax.  a,  s,  81:  d  f,  81 

Laborers  prot  12410.  tax,  J.  a.  s,  82.85:  d  f, 82.85 
Steel  and  copper  plate  cleaners  8810,  tax. 


82  00 
80  00 


15. 


Machinists  helpers  12S78,  tax,  oct,  81;  d  i;  81 
Baggage  messengers  10167,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  Ml; 

Sheep  8hearoral2588','tax 

sup,  50c 

Federal  labor  8227,  tax,   ocU  88.76;  d  f,  88,75; 

sup.  50c 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  12107,  tax,   84.80; 

d  f,  81.80;  sup.  60c 

Flat  Janitors  12861,  tax.  a,  s,  82.80;  d  f,  $2.80; 

sup,  81.50 

Stoneware  potters  7117.  sop. 

Typographical  union,  80,  sup ^ ..«. 

16  50       16.  Iowa  state  fed  of  labor,  tax,  apr,  *07,  to  and 

incl  mar,  *06 . 


90  00 
400 

1  40 

20  00 

15  00 

200  60 

440 


oct,50c;df,  I 


18  00 
8  20 
400 
1  60 
1  00 
700 
10  00 
10  00 

820 
10  00 

560 
12  00 


10  00 
772 
4  50 

7  40 

1  50 
50 

780 
550 
10  18 

600 
250 

500 

2  50 
250 

20  00 

1  60 

2  40 
16  00 

2  50 

12  00 

10  50 

9  00 
2  00 
6  70 

1  00 


17. 


Intl  asso  of  marble  workers,  lax,  a.  s  ......^.. 

Retail  clerks  intl  protasso.taxj, '07,f,m,  *07 
Intlbro  of  woodsmen  and  sawmill  workers, 

tax,  sept .^    . 

Steel  plate  transferrers  assoof  A,tax,  J,  a,  s.. 
Intl  compressed  air  workers  union,  tax,  J, 

a,s ,^„„ 

Intl  bro  of  foundry  employes,  sup 

Mosaic  workers  126lO,:tax,  s,  o,  faJBO;  d  f,  82.80; 

sup,  40c 

Laborers  prot   8856,  tax,  oot,  76c;  d  f,  76c; 

sup.  81 

Horse  nail  workers  1050,  tax,  oct«  81;  d  f,  81; 

sup.  26c. — 

Mineral  water  bottlers  11817,  sap 

Central  labor  union,  Wilmington,  Del,  tax, 

J.a,s 

Federal  labor  11006.  Ux,  mcI,  Si -^;  d  i.  Si.^... 
Federal  labor  11969.  Ux,  acpi,  $lM\  4  t,  thSS.,. 
Federal  labor  8620.  Ux,  a^i,  fl.SO:  d  f.il.SO,,,, 
Federal  labor  9641.  tax,  o^ I.  5f>c:  d  f.  60c.. „  . 
Federal  labor  8769,  Ux.  sept,  ?LO<i;  d  r.  81.06... 
Federal  labor  1 1617,  Ux,  j.  ».  a,  UM\d  f.  |«.i» 

Federal  labor  12817.  Ux,  tiepi,  ri;  d  M2,  

Federal  labor  12-^87,  Ux  J.  n.  ■.  n.  84;  d  f.  U..^ 
Interlocking  switch    ainJ  !^if nrilmiii   liln^, 

Ux.  sept,  84:  d  f.84 7, 

Bottlers,  sorters,  and  handlers  11766,  tax,ooL 

81;  d  f,81 

Printers  roller  makers  10638,  Ux,  oct,  8L86; 

d  f,  81.25  

Machinists  helpers  12583,  Ux,  s.  o.  81:  d  f.  81.. 
Icemens  prot  12288.  Ux,  sept,  81.70;  d  f.  81.70.. 
Spring  and  pocket  knife  makers  12129,  tax, 

sept.  86;  df.  86 

SUblemen  and  grooms  12015,  tax.  aug,  811.75; 

df,  811.75  ., 

Suspender  workers  11291,  Ux,  oct,  81  70;  d  f, 

81.70 

Dai  ry  workers  12529.  Ux.  sept,  96c:  d  f,  96e... 
Federated  trades  council,  Janesville,  Wla« 

sup ..^ 

United  garment  workers  of  A.  Ux  a, » . 

Quarry  workers  Intl  union  of  NA,Ux,a,a,o 
Intl  bro  of  stationary  firemen,  Ux.  aag.^..... 
Upholsterers  intl  union  of  A,  tax.  J,  a,  a,... « 

roopers  lull  union  •  f  N  A.  Ux.sepi ..^..^ 

Federal  labor  12271.  (ax,  sept.  81 J^  d  f.ttai 
~   '  '  trades  council,  wankMha,  Wli^ 


Federate  1 

ux.  m.J,J  

Trades  and  labor  assem,  FMgO^  K  JSbtt&i 

J,  a.  s  

Porters  prot  12344.  Ux,  wpt* 
Laborers  prot  12256,  Uz« 


tzoo 

608 

S80 

880 

0  10 

7  10 
76 

80 

10  00 
2110 
7SO00 

480 

80 

19  iO 
S60 

008 
S60 

sag 

1  ss 

S60 
S60 
870 
SOO 
1  00 
SIO 
IS  on 
400 
800 

800 

SOD 

S80 
S08 
S40 

13  80 

SS60 

S40 

100 

1000 

4itr 


.^^.^'         SIP 


tiWfc  «CfPiP^        SW 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


1005 


THE 


BAKING  PARK  AVENIE HOTEL 

COOK'S    POWDER        ^^^^  (***»)  Ave..  32d  and  33d  Sts. 


Made  perfect  by  over  forty  years*  experience  in  its 
manufacture.  Guaranteed  under  Food  and  Drugs  Act 
of  June  30.  l906.  Number  2141  appears  on  each 
package.  Try  it  and  be  convinced  of  its  superiority 
over  other  brands  in  baking  qualities  and  health- 
fulness.  You  can  always  have  the  best  if  you  insist 
upon  it. 

MANUFACTURED  BY 

BANNER  BAKING  POVTDERCO. 
PITTSBURGt  PA. 

17.  baw  fllen*  aud  setters  9814,  tax,  aug,  f  1;  d  f, 

fl 12  00 

Telephone  operators  12402,  tax,  sept,  V6c;  d  f, 

96c. 1  90 

Hair  spinners  12347.  tax,  sept,  98.06;  d  f,  98.06  6  10 

Well  drivers  12623,  tax,  sept,  9190;  d  f,  91.9U..  8  80 

Blggers  prot  10298.  tax,  sept,  92;  d  f,  92. 4  00 

Qardeners  prot  IMU,  tax,  J,  a,  94;  d  r,  94 8  00 

Bottlers  prot  8484,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  95.40;  d  f.  95.40  10  80 
Aluminum  workers  ^1,  tex,  oct,  914;  d  f, 

914 28  00 

Federal  labor  94«1,  tax,  a,  s,  o.  915;  d  f,  916 80  00 

Federal  labor  8281.  tax,  oct,  91.60;  d  f,  91.50...  8  00 

Federal  Ubor  12522,  tax,  sept,  98.26;  d  f,  98.26  6  50 
Federal    labor  10419,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  o,  91.40; 

d  f,  91.40. 2  80 

Federal  labor  8248,  tax,  J ,  a,  s.  91.20;  d  f,  94.20  8  40 

Federal  labor  12896,  tax,  nov.  91;  d  f.  91 2  00 

Htove  mounters  Intl  nnloo,  tax,  J,  a.  s. 22  60 

Federal  labor  11478,  tax,  oct,  92^;  d  f,  9^.50; 

sup,  91 •  00 

Plledrlvers  12088,  tax,  aug,  92.60;  d  f,  92.60;  sap, 

91^ 6  70 

Federal  Ubor    11828,   tax,   aug,  91.16;  d  f, 

91.16;  sup,  98.26, 6  66 

Janitors  prot  10867,  tax,  J,  a, 96;  d  f,  96;  sup, 

$5 15  00 

18.  Central  trades  council.  Bay  City,  Mich,  tax. 

J,  a,  ■ « 2  50 

Trades   and  labor  assem.  Council  Bluflk, 

Iowa,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s.  o....^...... 5  00 

Central  la|^r  union,  Rome,  Ga,  tax,  J,  f.  m,  • 

a,  m.J 5  00 

Qranlte    workers  9280,  tax,  oct,  91.26;  d   f, 

91^. 2  60 

Intl  aaso  of  car  workers,  tax,  sept 26  00 

Intl  Jewelry  workers  union  of  A,  tax.  J,  a,  s  7  86 

Amal  lace  curtain  operatives,  tax,acct  sept  8  60 

Wire  sewers  prot  asso  12000,  sup 10  00 

Bmshmakers  Intl  union,  tax,  sept 2  18 

Intl  bro  of  papermakers  of  A,  tax,  a,  s 86  00 

Central  labor  union,  Sherman,  Texas,  tax, 

feb  to  sept  on  aoct, '07 0  00 

Federal  labor  11891,  tax,  sept,  98  50;  d  f,  98.50  7  00 

Federal  labor  12476,  tax,  sept,  91 .85;  d  f,  91.86..  8  70 

Oas  workem  116nL  tax,  sept,  91.05:  d  f,  91  05...  2  10 

Hair  spinners  10899,  tax,  oct,  91.90;  d  f.  91.90..  8  80 
Hospital  attendants  prot  8097,  tax,  s,  o,  70o; 

d  f  TOO 1  40 

Bfaohlnlsts  helpers  12406,  Ux,  oct,  92.60;  d  f, 

92.00 6  20 

Paper  bag  workers  11757,  tax,  oct,  66c;  d  f, 

66c - 1  80 

Soap  workers  12279,  Ux,  oct,  91.20;  d  f,  91.20..  2  40 

Federal  labor  12426,  tax,  s,  o,  95.60;  d  f,  95.60..  11  20 

Tobacco  strippers  12571,  sup 6  00 

Federal  labor  12862.  sup 1  00 

Fire  department  employes  10446,  tax,  s,  o, 

910.16;  d  f.  910.15;  sup,  97.10 27  40 

Oil  and  gas  well  workers  •12674,  sup  »..  8  25 

Qranlte  polishers,  quarrymen,  and  laborers 

10806,  Ux,  oct,  91.W0- d  f,9l.60;  sup,  75c 8  96 

19.  Federation  of  labor,  Detroit,  Mich,  Ux,  nov, 

*m,  to  and  Incl  apr,  '08 6  00 

Table  knife  grinders  nati  union,  tax,  a,  s,  o, 

n,d,*07 7  80 

Intl  photo-engravers  union  of  N  A,  Ux,  a,  s  80  74 

Central  labor  union,  Palatka,  Pla.  Ux,  J.  a,  s  2  60 
Trades  and  labor  council,  Tonopab,  Nev, 

Ux,  m.  J.J.  a.  s.  o .' 6  00 

Federal  labor  12080,  Ux,  sept.  91.06;  d  f,  91.05  2  10 


New  TorK  City 

THE  PARK  AVENUE  can  be  reached  for  one  fare  bv  electric 
cars  from  all  railroad  sutlons,  ferries  and  steamship  piers. 
Within  easy  access  of  the  great  shopping  dlsirlci,  theatres 
and  alt  places  of  amusement  and  interest. 

Tmlmphonm  Smroicm  In  Eomry  ttoom 

SUBWAY  STATION  IN  FRONT  OF  HOTEL 
First-class  Accommodations  at  Moderate 
Prices.      Cuisine  and  Service  Unsurpassed. 

REED  ft  BARNETT,      Proprietors 


19.  Federal  labor  12448,  tax,  oct,  91.06;  d  f,  91.06...        92  10 

Federal  labor  12490,  tax.  sept,  66c;  d  f,  «6c l  10 

Federal  labor  12578,  tax.  oct,  93.75;  d  f,  98.75...  7  60 

Bootblacks  prot  116:&i.tax,8,o,91.80'jd  ^9180  8  00 
Chair  plalters  prot  12542,  tax,  sept,  18.76;  d  f, 

98.75 7  60 

Railroad  helpers    and  Uborers  12299,  tax, 

sept,  55c;  d  r,  65o 1  10 

Laborers  prot  12006,  titx  ,J,  a,92.10;  d  U  92.10..  4  30 

MachinK^ts  helpers  1288U,  tax,  oct,  93.65;  d  f, 

98.65 • 7  JW 

Metermakers  prot  11260.tAX,  J,  a,  915;  d  f,  916  10  00 
Newspaper  carriers  12062,  tAX,  sept.92.7U;  d  f; 

92.7(C - 6  40 

Street  cleaning  employes  12474,  tax,  sept, 

95.50;  d  f,  95.60 -i;«  * iy  i.    ;         ^^  » 

Federal  labor  11044,  tax,  J,  a,  91.75;  d  f.  91.75; 

sup,  10c "• 8  60 

Federal  labor  12499.  tax,  sept, 75c;  d  f,  75o i  50 

Thos  Dulan,  Toronto,  Out,  sup ^^ i  OO 

Federal  labor  8621,  Ux,  s,  o,  96;  d  U  96;  sup, 

92.60 - 14  60 

EgK  Inspectors  8848,  tax,  a,  s,  o,  92.26;  d  f, 

^.25;  sup,  91 6  60 

Telephone  operators  12601.  sup .^ lo  00 

21.  Central  labor  union,  Hazleton,  Pa,  tax.  J, 

a,  s 2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Neport  News.  Va,  tax, 

J,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d 6  00 

Spokane  central    labor    union,  Spokane, 

Wafth,  tax,  nov,  '06,  to  and  Ind  oct,  '07 10  00 

Newsboys  and  bootblacks  8607,  J,  a,  s 2  40 

Button  workera  prot  12401,  tax,  sept,  92.60;  d  f; 

9^.60 6  00 

Barber  shop  porters  and  bath  house  em- 
ployes 119&.  tax,  s.  0,92.60;  d  t,  92.50 6  00 

United  bro  of  carpenters  and  Joiners   of 

America,  tax,  sept 1,026  00 

Amerbro  of  cement  workers,  tax,  s,  o,  960; 

snp,J0.41 ~ -....         60  41 

Federal  labor  12582,  tax.  s,  o.  70c;  d  f.  TOo i  40 

Federal  labor  6697.  tax,  nov,  93.85:  d  f,  98Jt6...  6  70 

Federal  labor  10286,  tax,  J,  a,s, 95.60:  d  f,95.50        11  00 

Federal  Ubor  11881,  tax,  o^t,  92:  d  f,  92 4  00 

Federal  labor  12526,  tax,  oct,  911.26;  d  L  9U.26  22  60 
Gas  workers  12461,  tax,  oct,  96.86:  d  f,  9M6....  12  70 
Hat  block  makers  and  helpers  12099,  tax,  s, 

0,91.10;  d  f,  91.10 2  90 

Hatand  cap  leather  sweatband  cutters  11807, 

tax,  oct,  91.26;  d  f,  91.28 2  60 

Locomotive  hostlers  and  helpers  11894,  tax, 

sept,  94;  d  f.  94 8  00 

Highway  laborers  prot  12824,  tax,  oct,  99.15; 

d  f,  92.15 4  80 

Laborers  prot  12485,  tax,  sept,  91.40;  d  f,  91.40  2  80 
Sewer  workers  12281,  tax,  aug,  91.26;  d  f,  91.26  2  60 
Soft  beer  bottlers  and  peddlers  8984,  tax.  oct, 

75c;  d  f.7ic 1  60 

Street  railroad  construction  workers  12266, 

tax,  sept,  50c;  d  f,  50c 1  00 

Tin,  steel.  Iron,  and  granite  ware  workers 

10943,  tax,  oct,  95  85;  d  f.  96.85 11  70 

Wire  and  cable  workers  12518,  tax,  J,  a,  s, 

r.60;  d  f.r.50 16  00 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  11988,  tax,  oct. 

92.25;  d  f.  ri.25:  sup,  91 5  60 

Federal  labor  12264,  tax.  oct,  93.15;  d  f.  98.15; 

sup.  91.60 7  80 

Federal  labor  10128,  sup 10  00 

Federal  labor  8786,  tax.  a.  s,  98;  d  f,  98;  sup, 

60c 6  60 


«006 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


21.  Cement  UniMlierM,  ruck  asphalt  layers  and 

helpers  union  2,  sup .^ •«  00 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Olean,  N  T,  sup...  60  . 

22.  Trades  and  labor  council,  Honolulu,  H  I, 

tax,  sept,  *07,  to  and  Incl  feb,  '08 6  00 

Central  trades  council,  Pittsburg,  Pa,  toz, 

a,  s,  o 2  60 

City  firemen  prot  asso  11481,  tax,  oct,  114.20; 

d  f,  fl4.20 28  40 

Cooks  and  waiters  10068,  tax,  oct,  18.85;  d  f, 

18.85 17  70 

Federal  labor  12226.  tax,  oct,  fl;  d  f,  «1 2  00 

Federal  labor  11440,  tax,  a,  s,  $2.20;  d  U  $2.20..  4  40 

Federal  labor  8279,  tax,  a,  s,  $2.50;  d  f,  $2.60 5  00 

Federal  labor  1 1968,  tax,  sept,  f  10;  d  f,  $10 20  00 

Gas  workers  984(>,  tax,  oct,  $14.76;  d  f,  $14.75..  29  60 

Laborers  prot  10191,  tax,  a,  s,  o,  $8;  d  f,  $3; 6  00 

Lace  menders  prot  8161,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  $8.76;  d  f, 

$3.76 7  60 

Maryland  state  federation  of  labor,  tax,  a, 

m,  I.  J,  a.  8 5  00 

Rhode  Island  sUte  federation  of  labor,  tax, 

sept 84 

Stonemasons  12076,  tax,  sept,  90c;  d  f,  90c;  ^  ^ 

sup  9c 1  $» 

28.  Intl  bro  of  bookbinders,  tax,  J,  a,  a 188  60 

Switcbmens  union  of  N  A,  tax,  oct 49  26 

Central  labor  union,  Areclbo,  P  B,  tax,  f ,  m^  _ 

a.  m,  J,  J 5  00 

JefTersoQ  co  trades  and  labor  assem  of  Steu- 

benville  and  vie.  Ohio,  tax,  J.  a,  s 2  60 

Free  federation  of  worklngmen,  P  R,  tax,  m, 

J,J,a,s,  o 5  00 

Colorado  state  federation  of  labor,  tax,  m,  J, 

J,  a,  s,  o 5  00 

Federal  labor  7187,  tax,  a.  s,  $8;  d  f.  $8 16  00 

Federal  labor  8828,  tax,  s,  o,  n,  r2.26;  d  f,  $2.25  4  60 

Federal  labor  8664.  tax,  oct,  $1.80;  d  f,  $1.80....  8  60 

Federal  labor  12395,  tax,  oct,  $2;  d  U  $2 4  00 

Federal  labor  12800,  tax,  oct,  $1.85;  d  f.  $1.85...  2.70 

Federal  labor  ]25'22,  tax,  oct,  $1.80;  d  f,  $1  80..  8  60 
Locomotive  hostlers  and  helpers  11944,  tax, 

a,  s.$8.50;  d  f,  $3  6 ) 7  00 

28.  Jewelry  and  silverware  casemakers  10448» 

tax,  sept,  r.50:  d  f,  $7.60 16  00 

Laborers  prot  8079,  tax,  a.  s,  $10.80;  d  f,  $10.80  20  60 
Wax  and  plaster  model  makers  11488,  tax, 

oct  80c*  df  80c «..  1  60 

8hlpdrlliers'9037,*tAX.a."mVj,J*.$5;'df,**$^^^^  10  00 

Central  labor  union, Toledo,  Ohio,  sup 12 

Horse  nail  workers  p  and  b  6170,  tax,  oct, 

$5.50;  d  f,  $5.60;  sup,  $7.60 18  60 

Qrain  workers  asso  11407,  tax,  oct,  $1.60;  d  f, 

$1.60;  sup.  60c 8  60 

Bottlers  and  carbonators  10801,  sup 1  76 

Plumbers  laborers  and  excavators  12602,  sup  10  00 

Central  labor  union,  Plymouth,  Mass,  sup..  6  00 
24.  Intl  carriage  and  wagon  workers,  tax,  a, 

m.  J.  J,  a.  s M  00 

United  cloth  hat  and  cap  makers  of  N  A, 

tax,  J,  a,  8 84  47 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Breeee,  111,  tax  J,  J. 

a,  s.  o,  n 5  00 

Trades   and  labor   assem,  Keokuk,  Iowa, 

tax  a  8  o 2  60 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Marlssa,  111,  tax, 

J,  a.  8 2  50 

Central  trades  and  labor  council.  New  Or- 
leans. La.  tax,  J,  a,  8,  o,  n,  d 6  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  council,  Oneonta, 

N  Y,  tax,  m.  a,  m 2  50 

Central  labor  council,  of  Alameda  co,  Cal, 

tax,  sept,  '07,  to  and  Ind  may,  '08 7  60 

Central  labor  union,  Raleigh,  N  C,  tax,  J,a,s  2  60 

Trades  assem,  Rome,  N  Y,  tax,  m, J.  J 2  60 

Central  labor  union,  of  Salisbury,  N  C,  tax, 

1.  a.  H  2  60 

Florida  state  federation  of  labor,  tax,  sept, 

'07,  to  and  Incl  feb,  '08 5  00 

Federal  labor  8170,  tax,  dec,  '06,  to  and  incl 

sept. '07,  $5;  d  f,$5 10  00 

Federal  labor  8367,  tax,  sept,  tJ\  d  f, r 14  00 

Federal  labor  8^4,  tax,  sept,  $1.25;  d  f.  $1.25  2  50 

Federal  labor  9316,  tax,  a,  s,  o.  $6.15:  d  f,  $6.15  12  80 

Federal  labor  1 1643,  tax.  oct,  $1.20;  d  f.  $1.20-  2  40 

Federal  labor  11971,  tax.  j.  a,  $1;  d  f,  $1 2  00 

Federal  labor  12352,  tax,  m,  J,  J,  a,  s,  $2.55; 

d  f,  $2.65  5  10 

Paving  inspectors  and  material  testors  10579, 

tax,  J,  a,  s,  o.  n.  d,  $8.80;  d  f.  $8.80 6  60 

Laborers  prot  12480,  tax,  a.  s,  $t;  d  f,  $4 8  00 

Badge  and   lodge  paraphernalia   makers, 

WI36.  tax,  60c:  d  f,  60c 120 

Kew^T  diggers  8662,  tax.  sepl,  $3;  d  f.  13 6  00 

8u8pendermakers8144,tax,oct,$l^df,$1.80  2  60 

Tuck  pointers  10684,  tax,  oct,  $3.20;  d  f,  $8.20..  6  40 


Liberal  Offer 

to  Kidney 

Sufferers. 


If  you  suflfer  from  unpleasant  de- 
sire to  urinate  frequently,  especially 
at  night;  pain  in  the  small  of  the 
back;  pain  in  making  water;  a  sedi- 
ment at  the  bottom  of  urine  which 
has  stood  twenty-four  hours;  urine 
that  stains  linen;  or  constipation  of 
the  bowels,  send  your  name  and  ad- 
dress to  Dr.  David  Kennedy's  Sons, 
Rondout,  N.  Y.,  and  a  sample  bottle 
of  Dr.  David  Kennedy's  Favorite 
Remedy,  the  great  Kidney  and  Liver 
Medicine,  wijl  be  mailed  free,  to- 
gether with  full  directions  for  its  use 
and  a  complete  medical  treatise  on 
the  causes,  symptoms  and  treatment 
of     all    Kidney    and    Liver    ailments. 


24.  Watch  workers  6961,  tax,  a,  s,  $4;  d  C  $4 $8  80 

Lamp  workers  12604,  sup 10  00 

Federal  labor  126i3,  sup. 10  00 

Horse  nail  makers  p  and  b  7180,  sup 10  00 

Hotel  and  restaurant  employes  Intl  alli- 
ance, sup ~ 47  00 

25.  Central  labor  union,  Asheville,  N  C,  tax, 

J.  J,  a,  s,  o,  n 5  OO 

Central  labor  union,  Berwick,  Pa,  tax,  J,  a,  s  2  50 
Central  labor  union,  Blddelord  and  Haco, 

Me,  tax,  J,  J,  a,  s,  o,  n 6  00 

Central  associated  trades  council,  Corning, 

N  Y,  tax,  m,  J,  J .-. 2  » 

Central  trades  and  labor  union,  Pawtucket* 

R  I,  tax,  J,  a,  8,  o,  n,  d 6  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  council,  Rochester, 

N  Y.tax,  m,J,J 3» 

Cut  nail  makers  prot  7029,  tax,  oct,  $1.06;  d  f, 

$1  (t5 2  10 

Metropolitan  asso  of  double  drum  holster 

runners  11275,  tax,  sept,  $2.90;  d  f,  $2.90 5  80 

Federal  labor  6S54.  tax,  sept.  80c:  d  U  80e 1  M 

Federal  labor  12882,  tax,  sept,  8ic;  d  f ,  85o » 

Icemens  prot  9090,  tax.  s.  o,  $2.60;  d  f,  $2.50....  5  00 

Lamplighters  11943,  tax,  s,  o,  $12;  d  f,  $12 M  (« 

Wire  drawers  12493,  tax,  sept,  $2.60;  d  f,  $8.00         k  « 

Federal  labor  9998.  sup „ ^ 1  01 

Federal  labor  10829,  tax,  oct.  $6.W;  d  f,  $6.60; 

sup,  $8 ~.        n  » 

Bro  of  painters,  decorators,  and  paperhang- 

ersofA,  sup .«. 6  40 

Paper  box  workers  12581,  tax,  oct,  80c;  d  f,  SOc; 

sup.  $3.76 !.™  5SS 

26.  Intl   union    of   shipwrights.  Joiners    and 

calkersof  A,  tax,J,  a,  s 3874 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Burlington,  Iowa, 

tax.  J,  a.  8 1 I» 

Central  labor  union,  Hyde  Park,  Man,  tax. 

Trades  council,  Jackson,  Mich,  tax,  j,  J,  %^  1 9 
Central  trades  council.  Mobile,  Ala,  tax* 

Jan,  '08,  to  and  incl  dec,  *06 ...«.„        V  V 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Olean,  K  T«  $ftX« 

Trades  and  laborMM^^ 

Michimn  federation  i^^  ^  ^ 

and  incl  sept,  **"  ,i     ,^it  IP 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


1007 


15  THE  BEST  WHISKEY.  HENCE 
THE  MOST  WHOLESOME.  NO 
PRAISE  COULD  BE  STRONGER. 
NO  TESTIMONY  MORE  CONVINC- 
ING. THAN  THE  APPROVAL  OF 
ITS    MILLIONS    OF    PATRONS 


Sold  at  all  first-class  cafes  and  by  jobbers. 
WM.  LANAHAN  &  SON,  Baltimore.  Md. 


26.  Ohio  federation  of  labor,  tax,  may,  '07.  to 

and  Incl  apr,  '08 $10  00 

Olilahoma  federation  of  labor,  tax,  Jane,  to 

and  incl  nov,  »07 5  00 

AMorters  and  packers  9816,  tax,  oct,  •5.60;  d  f, 

15.60 !.....^. 11  00 

Buttonmakersprot  7181,  tax,  a,  o,  If:  d  f.  SI..  2  00 

Federal  labor  8217.  tax,  oct,  nM  d  f,  tiJoo...  5  00 

Federal  labor  8896,  tax,  sept.  TOr^t  fi  i  Kk' 1  40 

Federal  labor  10486,  tax,  Oitt  Ouc;  d  r.  iXk^..,.. .  1  20 

Federal  labor  11866,  Ux,  oct,  I L;  <l  f ,  f  1 2  00 

Federal  labor  11624,  Ux,  sept.  t«;  d  f.  |y 18  00 

Federal  labor  12047,  tax,  s,  u,  $IM;  li  (\  tl.9Q..  8  80 

Federal  labor  12460.  tax,  J,  a.  » JS^KC;  i1  f,  fii.ao         6  60 
Lamplighters    12464,    tax,  h,  o.  fiSJB:    d   r 

•25.^6 :         6160 

Suspender  workers  11251,  tax,  oot,40o;  d  f,  40o  80 

Ropemakers  and    helpers   12819,  tax.  oct. 

IB.85;  d  f,  12.85 5  70 

Central  trades  council.  Kittanning,  Pa,  tax, 

oct,  »06.  to  and  incl  sept,  '07,  810;  sup,  82 12  00 

Federal  labor  12414,  sup 1  75 

Trades  assem,  Saratoga  Springs,  N  Y,  sup...  5  00 

28.  Trades  and  labor  assem,  Pueblo,  Colo,  tax, 

J,  a,  s.  o,  n.  d 6  00 

Federation  of  labor.  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa, 

tax,J,a,  s,  o.  n.  d 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Lebanon,  N  H,  tax,  J, 

a,  s 2  50 

FederaUon  of  labor,  Saginaw,  Mich,  tax,  J, 

J.  a 2  60 

Central  labor  union.  New  London,  Conn, 

_J.  a,  B 2  60 

Trades  assem,  Bridgeport,  Tex,  tax,  a,  m,  J, 

_Jf  a»  «... 6  00 

Central  labor  union,  Ithlca,  N  Y,  tax,  J,  a, 

8,  o,  n,  d 5  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  assem,  Corinth, 

N  Y,  tax,  a,  s,  o,  n,  d,  '07,  J,  '08 5  00 

Central  labor  union,  Omaha.  Nebr,  lax,  a,s,o  2  60 

Central  labor  union,  Salem,  Mans,  tax,  J,  a,  s  260 

Central  labor  union,  Indianapolis.  Ind.  tax, 

J.  a,  8 :  2  60 

United  trades  and  lat>or  council,  Paterson, 

N  J,  Ux,  J,  a.  s,  o,  n,  d 5  00 

Trades  council,  Muncie,  Ind,  tax,  a,  m,  J.  1. 

a,  8 :         5  00 

Machinists  helpers  12894,  tax,  oct,  $1.76;  d  f, 

•1.76 8  60 


28.  Central  labor  union,  Rome,  Ga,  tax,  J,  a,  s..        |2  60 
Conduit  trench  laborers  12285,  tax,  s,  o,  K; 

d  f,  12 4  00 

Railroad  helpers  and   laborers   12875,  tax, 

sept,  81;  d  f,84 8  00 

Agricultorai  laborers  117(i8,  tax,  J,  a,  s,  81.50; 

d  f,  81.50 8  00 

Ijaborers  prot  11649,  tax.  sept.  60c;  d  f,  60c....  1  20 

Rolling  mill  helpers  and  laborers  12467,  tax, 

s,  o.  70c;  d  f,  70c 1  40 

Amal  lace  curtain  operatives  of  A,  tax,  bal 

sept 85 

Hotel  and  restaurant  employes  intl  alli- 
ance, etc,  tax,  sept 196  48 

Federal  labor  12816,  tax,  sept.  81.8  S;  d  f.  8i.8.»  8  70 
Federal  labor  12515,  tax,  Kept,  f  1.05;  d  f.  81.06  2  10 
Curbstone  and  sidewalk  layers,  cutters,  and 

setters  9186,  tax.  1.  a,  s,  87.50;  d  f .  r  50 15  00 

Bottle  cainers  1058o.  tax,  m,  J,  J,  a.  s,  o,  86; 

d  f,86 12  00 

Egg  examiners,  breakers,  and  packers  11946, 

lax,  a,  m,  J.  J,  81.40;  d  f.  81.40 2  80 

Fur  hat  feeders  and  weighers  12260.  tax,  oct, 

81.75;  d  f.  81.76. 8  60 

Womens  prot  12551,  tax,  sept.  81;  d  f,  81 2  00 

Steel   case  makers   11842,   tax,  s,    o,  ^.10; 

d  f,  89.10 18  20 

Soda  and  mineral  water  bottlers  10338,  lax, 

oct,  81.75;  d  f,  81.75 8  60 

Bootblacks  prot  10175,  Ux,  sept, 82.85;  d  f,  ri.85  5  70 

Suspender   workers   12282,   Ux,    sept,  70c; 

d  f,  70c f.. !  1  40 

Bricklayers  10982,  tax,  sept,  13.00;  d  f,  8P.60....  7  20 

Federal  labor  11969,  sup 66 

Suspendermakers  9560,  Ux,  sept,  86.75;  d  f, 

88.75;  sup.  816 29  60 

Millmens  prot  10297,  Ux,  oct,  85.90;  d  f,  85.00; 

sup.  8i 18  80 

Suspender  workers  12282,  sup 5  00 

Federal  labor  12011,  tax,  s,  o,  81.25;  d  f,  81.25; 

sup,  81 8  60 

Glass  house  packers  12i0u,  sup 2  06 

Federal  labor  12Ull,bup l  08 

Railway  machinists  helpers  12548,  Ux,  oct, 

8U.25:  d  f,  811.25;  sup.  50c Z        28  00 

Central  labor  San  Juan,  P  R,  sup 1  60 

Federal  labor  11617.  sup 1  40 

Central  labor.  Winston-Salem,  N  C.  sup 10  00 

29.  Federation  of  labor.  Pope  co.  Ark,  Ux.jj, a  2  60 
Federation  of  lal>or,  Balto,  Md,  Ux,  J,  J,  a, 

s.  o,  n S  00 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12680,  tax.  oct, 

81;  d  f,  8.1 !  2  00 

Central  trades  and  labor  council.  Ft  Smith. 

Ark,  Ux,  J.  a,  s 2  60 

Trades  and  labor  council.  Pine  BluflT,  Ark, 

Ux.  m.  a.  m,  J,  J.  a. 5  00 

Retail  clerks  Intl  prot  asso,  Ux,  a,  m,  J,J, 

a,  s 1,600  00 

Central  labor  council,  Los  Angeles  co,  Cal, 

Uz.  a.  s.  o 2  60 

Texas  sUte  fpd  of  labor,  Ux,  mar,  »07,  to 

and  incl  feb,  'OS 10  CO 


USE 

Kitcbel'ft 
LiDimept 

For  Rheumatism, 

Sprains,  Bruises,  Aches 

and  Pains. 

It  is  one  of  the  best 

external  liniments  sold 

for  man  or  beast. 

It  relieves  pain  like 

magic. 

Sold  by  Druggists. 

».  B.  Kitcb^ 

CoMwater,  nichl 


1008 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


3B.  Intl  bro  of  UanisierH,  4  weeka  assess  I  T  U... 

Federal  labor  10128,  tax,  oct,  aOo:  d  U  «0o 

Sienographers,    typewriters,    bookkeepers 

and  assts  11773,  tax,  sept,  93;  d  f,  S3 

Foremen  blasters  11956,  laz,  a,  s,  o,  13.75;  d  f, 

•8.76 

Cloth  examiners  and  spongers  11680,  tax, 

sepu  •!«;  d  f,  118 « 

Federal  labor  11811,  tax,  sept,  61.70;  d  f,  11.70; 

sap.40o , 

Maonlnlsts  helpers  12354,  tax,  bal  sept  and 


oot,  r2;  d  r,  t:;  sup,  tl 
fed<     * '  * 


Federal  labor  126(>5,  sur 

Central  labor  union,  independence,  Kans, 

sup 

80.  Trades  council.  New  Haven,  Conn,  tax,  s.o.n 
Central  labor  anion,  Posey  co,  Ind,  fax,  m, 

Tradeifl  asitem,  Bcbeneotady,  N  Y,  tax"  JVa,  s 
Trades  and  labor  council.  East  LWerpool, 

Ohio,  tax,  J,  a,  8 

Central  labor  union.  Norfolk  and  Ports- 
month,  Va,  tax,  oct,  ^06.  to  and  Incl  sept ,  K)7 
Trades  and  labor  council,  Newark,Ohlo.  tax, 

may,  '06,  to  and  Incl  oct,  »07 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Peru,  111,  tax,  J, 

a,  s,  o,  n,  d 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Peekskill,  N  T,  ' 

tax,  J,  a,  8,  o.  n,  d 

Trades  and  labor  council.  Port  Huron,  Mich, 

tax,  J,J,  a,  8,  o,n «. 

Central  labor  union,  Fremont,  Ohio,  tax,  J, 

a,  s 

Central  labor  union,  Middletown,  N  Y,  tax, 

a,s,o 

Central  labor  union,  Maiden,  Mass,  tax,  m, 

J.J.a,  8,o 

Trades  and  labor  assem,  Qulncy,  111,  tax,  J, 

a,  s 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Plqna,  Ohio,  tax,  J, 

Wva  suite  fed  of  iabpr,  tax,  may.  '07,  to  and 

Incl  apr, '08 - 

Intl  bro  or  blacksmiths  tax,  J.  a,s 

Chain  makers  natl  union  of  u  B  A,  tax,  a,  s, 

Maohi  0  is  ts  helpers  19606,  sup 

Federal  labor  9068,  tax,  sept,  61;  d  f,  61 

Federal  labor  1151 9.  Ux,  a,  s,  o.  63.75;  d  f.  68.75; 
Federal  labor  12862,  Ux,  oct,  62.60;  d  f,  12.60.. 

Federal  labor  12525,  tax,  oct,  90c;  d  f,  9Uo 

Cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  11989,  tax,  bal 


aug.  61.10;  d  f.  61.10 

Bottle  cap.  cork  and  stoppei 
Ux,  oct,  612.60;  d  f,  612.50  .. 


r  workers  10876, 


Egg  inspectors  asso  12691,  Ux,  nov,  61.20; 

df,  61.20. 

Bed  spring  malcers  prot  12106,  Ux,  oct,  68.75; 

d  f,  6S.75 

Railroad  helpers  and  laborers  12524,  Ux,  a,  s, 

•5:  d  f.  65 

Lastmakers  prot  11929,  Ux,  a,  s.  $3.50;  d  f, 

63.50 

Cigar  factory  tobacco  strippers  11939,  Ux, 

sept,  64.20;  d  f,  64.20 

Soap,  soda  and  candle  workers  1038>,Ux, 

J,  a,  8. 17.50;  d  f,  r.50 

Honie  nail  makers  10953,  tax,  oot,  62.80;  d  f, 

62J0 

Federal  labor,  12505,  Ux,  oct.  62.50;  d  f,  62.50; 

sup,  50c 

Federal  labor  12584,  Ux,  oct,  61.50;  d  f,  61.50; 

sup,  61 

Local  3,  bill  posters  and  billers  of  A.  sup 

Elevator  conductors  and  sUrters  119  ^9,  sup... 

81.  Janitors  prot  12607,  sup 

Tri-olty  central  trades  council.  Granite  City, 

111.  Ux,  J.  a,  s,  o,  n,  d 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Kenosha,  Wis, 

Ux,  J,  a.  8 

Central  labor.  South  Bend,  Ind,  Ux,J,J,  a, 

s,o,  n 

Trades  and  labor  council,  Winona,  Minn. 

Ux,  J,J.a 

Labor  and   trades  assem,   Litchfleld,   111, 

Ux.  j.a.  8.. 

Central  labor  union,  Fremont, Neb,  Ux,  h,  o,n 
Tennessee   8Uie  fedei^tion  of  labor,  tax, 

a.  8.  o,n,  d, '07.  j 

Laborers  prot  1122!(,  Ux.  J,  J.  a.  61.50;  d  f,  61.50 
Essex  trades  council,  Newark,  N  T  ♦o'r  i  a^ 

R,  o,  n.  d 

Washington  sUte  fed  of  lab 

to  and  incl  apr.'OS  

Mechanics  helpers  12415 

62 

Federal  labor  7481  Ur 


61,640  00 
120 

600 

750 

82  00 

880 

500 
10  00 

10  00 
260 

250 
2  50 

260 

10  00 

15  00 

500 

600 

600 

250 

2  60 

500 

260 

260 

10  00 
150  00 
600 
10  00 
200 
750 
500 

1  80 

2  20 
25  00 

240 
760 
10  00 

7  00 
840 

15  00 
5  60 
550 

400 

8  00 
16 

10  00 

500 

260 

500 

260 

250 
260 

500 
800 

5  00 

10  00 

400 
660 


MAY    MANTON    PATTERNS 

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includes  two  May  Manton  Patterns  free). 

Dressmaking-at-Home  Publishing  Ompzsij 

Masonic  T«mDi«,  Chicago,  III. 

81.  Federal  labor  12102,  Ux.  oct,  611^;  d  f,  611^  %M  U> 

Uai r  spinners  12347,  Uz.  oot,  63.05:  d  f,  68.05...  6  10 

Riggers  prot,  11561,  Ux,  sept,  65;  d  (;  65. ^^  10  00 

Ship  machinery  and  derrick  riggers  lOSlfi, 

Ux,  oct,  62.70;  d  f,  62.70 6  49 

Stenographers  asso  12880,  Ux,  oct,  86c;  d  t, 

85c 70 

Suspender  workers  11294,  sup ...^  16  00 

Federal  labor  8389,  Ux,  n,  d,  68.50;  d  f,  66^; 

sup,  68.50 8160 

Federal  labor  7479,  Ux.  s.  o,  63 JO;  d  f,  68.80: 

sup,  50c 7  16 

Laborers  prot  9658,  Ux,  oct,  64.25;  d  U  61.25; 

sup,  61 9  50 

Ceramic,  mosaic  and  encaustic  tile  layers 

and  helpers  intl  union,  sup 66 

Small  supplies S  67 

Advertisements.  Ax  Fed I«56i8  66 

Subscriptions,  AM  Fed 48  76 

Premiums  on  boud 106  01 

Total 6147.076  66 

EXPENSES. 

1.  One  month *s  rent,  Geo  Q  Seibold,  secy... fl62  00 

Organizing    expenses,    Santiago    Igleslas, 

6101.50;  U  L  Eichelberger,  6100 SM  56 

8.  Seals,  J  Baumgarten  &  Sons 44  66 

Organizing  expenses,  T  H  Flynn,  6100;  H  M 
Walker,  9100 300  09 

4.  Dues  to  the  natl  asso  for  the  study  and  pre- 

vention of  tuberculosis  to  June  l*  'OS,  Dr 

Gheo  W  St-ernberg,  treas 5  00 

Organizing  expenses,  J  J  O'Donnell »        35  00 

Translating,  Louis  Kaber l  90 

Strike  benefit  for  week  endlngjnly  27,  *a7, 
J  and  s  casemakers  10418.  Chas  fi  Kaser, 
treas S88  00 

5.  Organizing  expenses,  M  Grant  Hamilton, 

6100;  J  D  Pierce,  6iO;.  Stuart  Reid,6100:  H 
Robinson.  6100  Jacob  Tazelaar,  6100:  E  R 
Wright.  650;  W  C  Hahn.  6100;  A  £  Holder, 
650;  Peter  Hanraty,  6105.70 „       766  70 

Expenses  Jamestown  exposition,  C  P  0>n- 
nolly 60  09 

Organizing  expenses,  8  D  Burford U  09 

8.  1,000  2-c  sUraps,  POdept 30  09 

150  1-c  sUmps,  1,250  2-c  stamps.  P  O  dept 36  56 

Organizing  «^xpenses,  Thos  P  Tracy.  6200;  J 
D  Pierce,  675 »75  00 

10.  1,000  1-c  sUmps,  1.000  2-o  sUrops.  P  O  depL...         SO  00 
Organizing  expenses,  J  J  CDonnell,  625;  A 

Slneriz,  610 86  00 

11.  Organizing  expenses.  Peter  Hanraty,  967.70; 

John  A  Flett,6IOO;  E  T  Flood.  6100;  Hngh 

Frayne.  6100;   M  G  Hamilton.  SIOO;  Jas 

Leonard,  6100;   H  Robinson.  9100;  Jacob 

Tazelaar,  950;    Wm  E  Terry,  9100:   H  M   • 

Walker,  950;  O  O  Young,9i00:  E  R  Wrtght, 

960;   A   E  Holder,  9100:  H  L  Eichelberger, 

950;  John  FltztJatrick,  6117.60. 1,375  » 

Reprint  of  1,000  Minneapolis  proceedings. 
National  Tribune  co 190  09 

Organizing  expenses,  Geo  Snyder,  6100; 
Frank  J  Glenn.  65 106  06 

Strike  beneflu  for  week  ending  aug  2.  '07.  J 
and  s  casemakers  10448,  Chas  B  Knaer, 

treas ^       266  00 

14.  Printing  4.500  envelopes  and  4,600  olrenlar 

letters.  Cook  A  Hazletts 39  76 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 


1009 


16.  Or^nlzing  expenses,  HM  Walker 

Organising  expenses,  T  U  Flynn 

Prfntlng  2,u*h)  card**,  Jamestown  exposition 

exbibtt,  TidttWAier  Printing  and  Blanlc 
Book  CO 

Printing  15  sigiiM,  Jamestown  exposition 
exhibit,  J  M  Mctirideoo 

Attorney  fees.  H  Winship  Wimtley 

Organizing  expensen,  U  M  ATaiker 

17.  Organizing  expensai,  J  J  O'Donnell 

Organizing  expensett,  Wm  J  Nugt^nt 

Organizing  expMises.Wm  L  Johns 

18.  Ribbon,  Underwood  typewriter  oo 

Organizing  expensen,  uugh  I'^rayne 

Organizing  expense:^,  M  CT  Kamitton 

Organizing  expenses,  Herman  Roblnion 

Organizing  expenses.  Gal  Wyatt 

Expenses  Jamestown  expo,C  P  Connolly.... 

Organizing  expenses,  Peter  Hanraty 

Organizing  expenses,  U  L  Blchelberger. 

Organizing  expenses,  Utnart  Reid 

Organizing  expenses,  W  0  Hahn 

19.  2  flies,  W  tf  Brown 

SUmp8,2,0J0  2-c,tl0:  1,000  l-c,  |10;  5003-c.$16; 

500  j-o.  120;  503  5-c.  $2-5;  600  6-c,  $80;  800  8-0, 

$14;  2001OKS,  840;  POdepL 

22.  Translating.  Wilfrid  Rouleau 

Bxpenses,  Jamestown  expo,  Wm  A  Davis... 

1  000 1-0  stamps,  P  O  dept 

28.  Organizing  expenses,  James  B  Roach.. 

Organizing  expenses,  ^  Iglesias „.. 

24.  6,0001-0  stamps,  PO  dept  

Organizing  expenses,  Tbos  E  Burke,  99:  T 

H  Flynn.  8100;  John  A  Plett,  8100:  Jas 
Leonard.  810O;  Jacob  Tazelaar.  $103;  Wm  E 
Terry,  8100:  W  0  Hahn.  850;  A  E  Holder, 
8100:  Peter  Hanraty,  850;  H  LElcnelberger, 
>50 

Expenses,  Jamestown  expo,  C  P  Connolly... 

Atty  fees,  H  W  Wheatiey 

Organizing  expenses,  Michael  Raphael 

25.  Expressage,  U  8  express  co 

100  no  2  fasteners,  loo;  100  no  8  fasteners.  20c; 

1  set  leather  index  taes,  81.50;  2,000  fasten- 
ers, 81.40;  1,000  clips.  C2.25;  1  gross  pens  90c, 
1  doz  p»)ncil8.  51c;  Law  Reporter  co 

Printing  3.5i¥)  btank  credentials  to  conven- 
tion, 825.50;  printing  8.500  blank  creden- 
tials to  convention,  82)50;  printing  3.000 
circulars,  convention  call.  821.50;  making 
58  tablets,  paper  furnished,  81.15;  Law  Re- 
porter co  

Clippings,  Natl  press  inti  co 

Towel  «ervlce,  Powler  mfgoo 

Ice,  Columbia  iceco 

2  books,  Bri^ntanos 

Cleaning  windows  and  doors,  Leon  L  Ga- 
boon window  cleaning  CO 

Repairing  fountain  pen.  The  Reliance  Trad- 
ing co 

4  cuts  81.30.  printing  1,000  letter-heads,  84  50; 
Law  Reporter  CO. 

Phone  service.  The  C  &  P  Telephone  co 


1  cut.  The  M  Joyce  engraving  co.. 
Organizing  expenses,  H  J  Carey.. 


\J*^*»^Atm%iM^\i.l^^\H^I»\39,».M.tt     \^VH\!J  ...       

26.  600  bulletins  for  oct.  8V.  12-)  copies  Sweet-Orr 

coad,8I.7o;  Law  Reporter  co 

Printing  oct  Am  K'eo,  Law  Reporter  co 

Freight,  Geo  W  Knox  express  co.  ., 

28.  Refund  of  prem  on  bond,  H.  A.  Howard  .... 
Organizing  expenses,  L  D  Biddle,  810;  Fred 

Myers,  ^:  DN  Ferguson,  85 

29.  750  2-0  stamps,  POdept 

Attorney  fees.  H  W  Wheatiey 

30.  Phone,  5c;  disinfectants,  10c;  rat  poison,  15o; 

matches,  15c:  postage  due,  20c;  kev,  25c; 
newspapers,  35c;  rubber  mat,  40c;  table, 
55c;  pitchers  and  tumblers.  80c:  express 
drayage,  88.46;  car  tickets,  86.50;  J  W  Bern- 
hard 

Hauling  AM  Frd,  J  W  Bemhard 

500 1-0 stamps.  POdept 

Premiums  on  bonds.  Natl  surety  oo 

Organizing  expenses,  E  E  Hmith 

Reiund  of  premium  on  bonds,  F  Fiday 

2  mats  and  glass.  81;  boxing  framed  picture. 
88,  W  H  Cooper 

Repairing  lights,  John  O  Ran 

Organizing  expense*,  H  M  Walker.  8150; 
Cal  Wyatt,8l00;  Hidney  H  Gray.  8100 

600  committee  report  blanks,  84.50;  2,500 
proposition  blanks,  860:  8,000  envelopes  no 
10, 811.2^5;  13,000  ati^n  dance  cards  (nov  1 1  to 
28,  1,000  blank),  820;  2,000  blank  whiting.  40 
pads,  86;  8,000  pass  word 8. 87.50: 1,000  weekly 
reports  (organizers),  87.50  8,500  envelopes. 


835  00 
50  00 


600 

8  75 

900 

50  00 

47  80 

10  00 

6  10 

1  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

50  00 

100  00 

50  00 

200 


184  00 

485 

120  00 

10  00 
100  00 
128  50 

50  00 


769  00 

100  00 

800 

600 

53  68 


690 


77  65 
10  00 
700 
580 
1  40 

700 

.80 

5  80 
41  12 

75 
460 

6  75 
628  23 

8  00 
1  25 

20  00 

15  00 

300 


12  96 
1  80 
600 

96  60 
600 
280 

4  00 
1  05 

850  00 


80.  catalogue.  810.50;  300  strike  reports  (local ). 
86;  6,000  alms,  810.50;  8.000  letter  circulars, 
ii^unctlon  bill,  815;  8,000  injunction  bills. 
810.50;  50u  letter  circulars  to  delegates,  87.50; 
6,000  letter  circulars,  4  pp  Cannon,  882; 
50,000  leafleU,  declarations,  865;  1,000  8  hour 

(rimers.  812;  2,000  per  capita  tax  letters, 
8.60;  corrections,  list  or  organizations, 
11.20;  8,<jO0  envelope  catalogue,  89;  25,000 
trade  unions.  832  60;  25,000  hows,  847.50; 
25,000  endeavors,  86i.50;  6,000  greeting,  815; 
23,00)  whys,  847.50;  2.000  instructions  to  or^ 
ganlzers,  72   pp,    8252;   Trades    Unionist 

Pub  CO 8769  45 

8  qts  Sanford  mucilage,  81.9V,  12  sheets  6  ply 
china,  6Uo;  Igr  each  pens,  822, 312,  404,  81.95: 
l.OOO  niagara  clips,  90c;   Trades  Unionist 

Pub  CO 5  40 

One  month's  salary,  Samuel  Qompers,  pres..  250  00 
One  mouth's  salary,  Frank  Morrison,  secy  206  88 
4  weeks'  salary,  omce  emp.  E  ValeBb,8lOO; 
J  KeUy,89i;  R  L  Guard,  892;  D  F  Manning, 
880;  J  W  Bern  hard,  8102.08;  L  A  Gaver,  872; 
L  A  Sterne,  872;  F  C  Alexander,  888.66;  A 
G  Russell,  r2;  (2>^  weeks)  J  W  Lowe, 
813.81:  A  L  McCoy,  868;  (3  weeks)  D  L  Brad- 
ley. 851.80;  J  Galiaher,  864;  F  L  Faber,  861: 
Z  M  Man  verse,  864;  A  Boswell,  878.72;  I  M 
Rodier,  860;  T  B  Fawkes,  860;  E  M  Peacock, 
860;  I V  Kane,  860;  (8  weeks)  W I  Francis,  815; 
A  McClellan,860:  (1  week)  I  M  Lauber,  816; 
W    H  Howlin.  W\  G    A  Boswell.   858.86; 

i8  weeks)  D  J  Nielsen,  846.04;  B  S  Thomas, 
48;  L  black,  852.40;  (8  weeks)  W  Von  Ez- 
dorf,884.16;  E  R  Brownley,  841.89;  (8  weeks) 
B  M  Holtzman,  838.Ti;  (1  week)  FMoCal- 
len,  r.50 1,982  68 

Expenses  trip  to  Norfolk  and  return,  Frank 

Morrieion 20  85 

8L  25,000  2-c  stamps.  P  O  dept 600  00 

R  R  fare  ana  expenses,  S  and  O,  Sam'l 
Gompers 286  46 

Organizing  expenses,  Fred  Myers 6  00 

ITU  asses<3,  J  W  Bramwood,  vecy-treas 1,640  00 

Organizing  expenses,  E  B  Day,  825:  E  T 
Flood,  8100:  H  Frayne,  8100;  M  G  Ham- 
ilton, 81U0;  Stuart  Retd,  8100;  U  Robinson, 
8100;  J  Tazelaar,  81U0;  Peter  Hanraty,  8100; 
H  LElcueloerger,>>0:G  B  Ho w ley, 872.60; S 
A  Bramleite,  8-(1.20;  J  E  Roach,  8100 1,081  80 

Expenses  attending  conference,  New  York, 
James  Duncan 87  00 

Postage  on  Am  Fed,  P  O  dept 85  19- 

Printing 80  dummies  .VM  Fbd.  Law  Reporter 
CO 22  26 

1  cut.  Law  Reporter  cj 76 

Binding  21  copies  am  Fed,  leather,  Law  Re- 
porter CO 84  50 

Printing  6,000  catalogues  of  Jamestown  ex- 
position. Law  Reporter  co 172  00 

Printing  5.u00  letter-heads  and  5,0C0  second 
sheets.  881.50;  2.0tO  certiflcates  of  member- 
ship, 81u;  Law  Reporter  co 41  60 

200-page  ledgers,  82 JU;  400-page  ledgers,  830; 
Law  Reporter  Co 280  00 

6  tape  catch  flies,  82:  2.00J  sheets  parafln  pa- 
per, 81.50;  8  penholders,  15c;  8  docket  flies. 
82.25;  1  date  siarap,  &0c;  >^  gro  pencils, 82.25; 

gK  gro  pencils.  82.25;  1  order  book.  25o;  ^^  lb 
Ins,  Sue;  6  scrap  books.  85.40;  %  doz  desk 
lotters,  25c;  Law  Reporter  co 17  10 

Stamps  received  and  used,  Frank  Morrison, 

secy 7  89 

Commissions  for  October 791  26 

Printing  November  Am  Fed,  Law  Reporter 
CO 825  41 

Total 816,564  04 


RECAPITULATION. 

Balance  on  hand  October  1, 1907 8127,910  02 

Receipts  for  month  of  October 19,168  58 

Total ^ 147,078  56 

Expenses  for  month  of  October. 16,564  04 

Balance  on  hand  November  1, 1907 8180,624  5^ 

General  fund. 26,497  22 

Defense  fund  104,027  29 


Total. 


Digitize€^.t>y-.'. 8180,524  61 

MORRISON, 
•%rytA.  F.  otL. 


A  Mt'^litCAN  FEDERATIONISr 


IIMll 


THE 

(lARLOCK  PACKING  CO. 

ftKWA,,  PACKINGS 


^.^H.t«tM>  WcNv  Orleans 


St.  Louis 


,...o..o 


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PRENTISS  PATENT  VISES 

I 


MUNDT 
ENGINES 

Dock  Boildini! 
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NEW  YORK 

If  yo«  an  find  fault  with  this  lag  screw  or  expansion 
bolt  send  for  sample  and  try  it 


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425  West  26th  Street,  New  York 


HART  &  GROUSE 
COMPANY 

Royal  Boilers 

AND 

New  York 


Radiators 


J 


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NEW  YORK         -         235  Water  Stteet 
CHICAGO  -        -         79  Lake  Street 

COLUMBUS  -  Poplar  and  Henry  Streets 
DALLAS  -  -  .  659  Elm  Street 
MINNEAPOLIS     742  Lumtet^Exd^ange 


Digitized  by 


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A  M ERIC  AN  FEDERA  TIONIST 


1011 


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The  first  brand  of  Union 
Tobacco  ever  produced 

SAVE  LABEL  FRONTS  FOR  PREMIUMS 


MENGEL  BOX  COMPANY 

Manufadlurers  of 

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used,  the  result  must 
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I     brewed  by  the     I 

prattling  C0. 

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Cfrieno" 


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N!cl^«l  en*;}  all  Kitchen  »nd 

Plated  Utrnii3». 


sconce    WM,    NOrrMAJI, 


IKE  BAil'KEEFSr  FfltEKD. 


Sold  by  Dealers 

All  Over  the  World 

Prices,  10  and 

35  Cents 


^A/ALK     EASY- REST    YOUR     NERVES 

Proloogyoar  l!fe  by  utlng 

"Easywalker'*  Rubber  HeeU 

Patent  attachment.  Attached  In  five  minute*.  Sold 
bj  all  Findera  and  Sboemaktra.  Get  the  K^naiae. 
Name  "Ka»y  Walker"  moulded  on  the  faeeof  eTcry 
heel.  Look  for  the  Steel  Holding  Plate,  ^^ce  how  the 
gum  is  anchored  on  the  hollow  side  of  the    heel. 


uanaraotared  by  Springfield  Eiattic  Tread  Co., 
14-18  North  Mechanic  8t„  '        


Sae  spring  ^  steel  holding  plate. 


Digitized  by 


\^m^t 


1012 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


FRAZER  AXLE  OREASC 

BEST  IN  THE  WORLD 

NO  WELL  EQUIPPED  STABLE 
SHOULD  BE   WITHOUT 


■     ^f/^R  TWICE  A|.r     ^p 


Frazer  Axle  Grease. 
Frazer  Harness  OIL 
Frazer  Harness  Soap. 


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Fraser  Hoof  Off. 
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FBAZER  LtBRICATOB  COMPANY, 

CHICAGO  ST.   LOUtS  NEW  YORK 


NiMlHMli^«HH«#^fHV«i^^iHMtta 


Goodyear 
Lumber  Company 

Minulicturftrt  i>f  Pennfyhanii  WhMt  Mvpntovfc 

LUMBER 

MlllB  ^n  Bulfilo  ltd  $tJti)tiiHiniia  fti4lro«4^ 

CAPACITY.  800.000  FEET  PER  DAY 

950  Elficott  Square, 
BUFFALO.  H.Y. 


Ask  Your  Jewelcrfor 

S.O.BIGNEY 
&  CO.'S 

Gold-Filled  Chatos, 
They  I  are  ReHable. 

Fictory ; 
3  MAIDEN  LANE.  ATTLEBORO.  MASS* 


New  York  Office  t 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


1013 


T«l«phoB«  4650  Cortland 


GENUINE 

Rosendade  Cement 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

Consolidated  Rosendale  Cement  Co. 

F.  N.  STRANAHAN,  Sales  Agent 
26  Cortland  Street,  New  York  City 


LINEN  COLLARS 

and  CUFF5 

ARB  STAMPED 

••Warranted  Linen" 

ARE    VOURS? 


Union  Men  Should  Use  High-Grade 
"UNION-MADE" 

SMOKING  TOBACCO 

That  bears  the  **Union  Label" 

•*EDGEWORTH"— Plug  Slice 
^•OBOID''— Granulated  Plug 
"SENSIBLE"— Sliced-Plug 

Quality  of  these  brands  x„p  Vcdv  Rcqt 

is  guaranteed  to  be  *  "^  VtKY   Dfcbl 


Rossendale-Reddaway   Belting 
%  Hose  Go        -        NewarK,  N.  J. 


HAIR  BEinilGf 


)THE  CAMEL 


Sole  Hanaikctarers  in  United  States  of 
The  ««Camer'  Hair  Belt 


tOTTUb  IH  BONV 


Guaranteed  under  the 
Pure  Pood  and  Druf^s 
Act,  June  30,    zgo6. 

BOXXI-ED    IN    BOND 

Joel   B.   Frazier  Whiskey 


BONNIE  BROS.,  Inc. 

Diatill«ra  ^ 

I.o«&isville,  Kenti&cKr  OgLC 


1014 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


WORKERS 

Subscrl  be  for   the 

American  Federationist 

And  Secure  Other  Subscribers 
IT    IS    YOUR    MAGAZINE 

It  defends  your  interests  and  advocates  your  cause 

against  that  of  any  other  body  on  earth. 

Published  monthly  at 

423-5  G  St.  N.  W.^  WASHINGTON^  D.  C. 
il.OO  Per  Year  I O  Cents  Per  opy 


Jmo^ 


HARKAN 

Your  Dealer  can      O  f^-  2fi  Tpnfq. 
furnish  them      ^  'Or  <=«  UCDIS. 

Should  he  refuse  to  do  so,  send  to  the  factory 

UNION  COLLAR  CO..* 

VNION  MADE.       CADILLAC.    MICH. 


UNION  LABEL 
of  the 


UNITED 
HAHERS 


OP    NORTH    AMERICA. 

WHEN  yon  tre  buylne  a  PUR  HAT.  either  soft  oritH 
*^  see  to  It  that  the  Genuine  Onion  Ubel  Is  sewed  la  « 
The  Genuine  Union  Label  is  perforated  on  the  four  edf  «* 
exactly  the  same  as  a  postage  stamp.  If  a  retailer  En- 
loose  labels  In  his  possession  and  offers  to  put  one  In  a  h«^ 
for  you,  do  not  patronize  him.  Loose  labels  In  retail  stores 
ire  counterfeits.  Unpnncipled  manufticturers  are  uslae 
them  in  order  to  get  rid  of  their  scab-made  hats.  TK^ 
lohn  B.  Stetson  Co.,  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  is  a  non-imkfft 


JOHN  A.  MOPPITT,  PrealdeoC 
MARTIN  LAWLOR,  Seeretary,  Orange.  N.  J. 

II  WaTerly  Place,  New  Yerk  City. 


TelephoQe.   1565   BedTord 
Copyrighted  Brands 

American  Field 
*  Forest  &  Stream 
Blarney  SUoe 

Chas.  H.  Eggert 
&Bro. 

Makers  of 


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I5I2-I5U  Atlantic  Ave,  Brooklyn.  N-  Y- 


Life  Insurance  for  Horses 

Use  NEVERSLIP 
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A  sharp  shod  horse  in  20  minutes.    For 

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MONTREAL  CHICAGO 


Peninsular  Molders'  Tools 

ARE  MADE  TO  SUIT  THE  HOLDERS 

And  our  patters  have  been  the  Molders* 
Standard  for  over  half  a  century 

Write  for  Illustrated  Catalogue  and  discounts 
today 


DETROIT,  MICH,  and  Wttit'S 

Digitized  by' 


The  Peninsular  Tool  i  Specialty  Co.,  LM, 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


1015 


Pneumatic  Took 

for  all  purposes,  and  all  favorites  of  the  skilled 
iron  worker.    One  man  by  the  aid  of  one  of 
these  tools  can  accom- 
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ten  men  by  old 
hand  methods. 


Send  tor  our  gen- 
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Manufactured  by 

CHICAGO  PNEUMATIC  TOOL  CO. 


nsh«r  Bmll4lng 
CBICAGO 


95  Liberty  StrMt 
NEW  TOIK 


READING 
HARDWARE    CO. 

Makers  of 

Builders*  Hardware 

Fine  Door  Locks 
The  **Ogden'^  Check 

GaSt  Electric  and 
Combination  Furtnres 


**  Reading** 
Lawn  Mowers 

Landon  Design. 

FACTORIES: 

READING,  PA. 

NEW  YORK,  CH ICAGO, 

96-98  Reade  St.  105  Lake  St. 

PHILADELPHIA,  t| 

617  Market  St. j  by  ^OOgl  I 


1016 


AMERICAN  FEDERATIONIST 


TWIST  DRILLS 

TRADB*^^  MARK 

Drill  SOCKETS 

REAMERS 

^    ^ 

,^      CUTTERS 

TAPS      ^^ 

EttablltlMd  1874 
Incorporated  1904 

^^^BITS,  &c 

TheCIevelandTwistDrillCo.       "^^1 

CI^CVKI^AMD 

NKW  YORK 

CHICAGO                  1 

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CURES 
HEADAC-HES 
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OF  NORTH  AMERIOA. 

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The  only  genuine  Label  indorsed  by  Aitiencan 

Federation  of  Lapor  and  Orfranizcd 

Labor  in  fi:eneraL 


Mrs.  Window's  Soothing  Syrap 


fljia  t>&eti  tiried  for  over  StXTT-rTVE  YTARSj 
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1>art  u/lLift  world.  He  rniir^  ftini  mk  lor  "Mrs  w^iw^ 
rtw'*  fluathliL»r  By  rur/'  *nd  Uie  do  othtrT  kltn. 
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FoMfl  unci  DrnhTs  Ai?t.  June  SWtb.  l^»i,  Seriml  Nnmlier 
law.      AN  OLD  AND  WELL  TRIED  RtOUKDY. 

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Insulated  Wires  and  Cables 

FOR  ALL  PURPOSES 

THE  SAFETY 

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Digitized  by 


Google 


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\ 

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c 


^ 


V 


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'♦r* 


c 


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^■:\ 


STANFORD  UNIVERSITY  LI&RARJES 

CECIL  H,  GREEN  LIBRARY 

STANFORD,   CALIFORNIA  94305  6004 

(415)  723-1493 

All  books  may  be  recalled  offer  7  days 

/xi         DATE   DUE 


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Luo  m^^^ 


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