Stabilisers - ECVM

When PVC is heated to between 170 and 180°C, the chlorine and hydrogen present in the molecules are eliminated, and hydrogen chloride (HCI) is released. Once such decomposition starts, unstable structures are formed in the molecule, which further accelerate HCl elimination and decomposition. As PVC is heated to soften during the extrusion or moulding process, prevention of hydrogen chloride elimination due to heat and subsequent decomposition is required. The presence of a stabiliser will prevent this initial release of hydrogen chloride from PVC.

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Stabilisers also increase PVC’s resistance to daylight, weathering and heat ageing and have an important influence on the physical properties and the cost of a formulation. They are invariably supplied in the form of application-specific blends of which the main constituents are metal soaps, metal salts and organometallic compounds. The choice of heat stabiliser depends on a number of factors including the technical requirements of the PVC product, regulatory approval requirements and cost.

Heat stabilisers used in a formulation are usually combined with co-stabilisers that are organic materials such as polyols or epoxidised esters. They provide an additive synergistic effect, and, in the case of certain heat stabilisers, an enhancement of overall stabiliser performance.

Lead-based systems have been voluntarily phased out and replaced with calcium zinc (Ca-Zn) or calcium organic stabilisers within Europe under the VinylPlus commitment of the PVC industry.

The majority of tin (Sn) stabilisers are used for rigid packaging films, roofing and transparent rigid sheets for construction applications. The major metals contained in stabilisers are barium (Ba), calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn) and tin (Sn). Ba-Zn and Ca-Zn stabilisers are used under the form of metallic salts such as stearates, while Sn stabilisers are used under the form of organic tin (dialkyl tin compounds).

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a versatile and widely used plastic polymer known for its durability and flexibility. However, to enhance its performance and extend its lifespan, PVC requires the addition of stabilizers. While stabilizers are commonly associated with their role in improving PVC’s weatherability, heat resistance and mechanical properties they have various lesser-known applications. In this article, we will explore six surprising PVC stabilizer applications that you may need to be made aware of.

1. Food Packaging: 

PVC stabilizers are crucial in food packaging applications. Some specially designed  Calcium zinc stabilizers are employed to ensure the safety and longevity of food products. These stabilizers from PVC manufacturers protect PVC packaging from degradation caused by light exposure, heat, and oxidation, preserving the quality and freshness of the packaged food.

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2. Medical Equipment: 

PVC is extensively used in medical equipment due to its excellent transparency, flexibility, and resistance to sterilization techniques. Stabilizers play a vital role in maintaining the properties of PVC medical devices, such as medical tubing, blood bags, and oxygen mask. Stabilizers like Calcium zinc-based provide the necessary heat stability and ensure the biocompatibility of PVC in contact with human tissues.

3. Wires and Cables: 

The electrical industry heavily relies on PVC for its insulation properties. PVC stabilizers help maintain the mechanical and electrical performance of PVC-insulated wires and cables. Stabilizers like lead and Calcium zinc-based enhance heat stability, reduce cable corrosion, and protect against electrical breakdown, ensuring the safe and efficient transmission of electricity.

4. Automotive Interiors: 

PVC stabilizers are widely used in the automotive industry for interior components, such as dashboards, door panels, and seat covers. Stabilizers like lead-based or Calcium zinc-based contribute to the heat resistance, weather ability, and flame retardancy of PVC. Additionally, they improve the material’s flexibility and reduce the risk of cracking, ensuring longevity and aesthetics in car interiors.

5. Construction Materials: 

PVC is a popular choice for construction applications, including pipes, window profiles, and flooring. Stabilizers are essential in these applications to provide durability, UV resistance, weather ability, and dimensional stability to withstand harsh outdoor conditions. They also enhance the fire resistance of PVC construction materials, making them safer for use in buildings.

6. Outdoor Signage and Advertising: 

PVC-based materials are extensively used in outdoor signage, billboards, and advertising displays due to their durability and cost-effectiveness. Stabilizers protect PVC from degradation caused by sunlight, moisture, and temperature variations, ensuring the longevity and visual appeal of these outdoor advertising mediums.

PVC stabilizers play a crucial role in expanding the applications and improving the performance of PVC-based products. By incorporating stabilizers, manufacturers can ensure the longevity, safety, and reliability of PVC products across diverse industries. Platinum Industries is among the PVC industry leaders in manufacturing high-grade PVC stabilizers for these exact reasons. Connect with us to know more!

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