Choosing the Right Drilling Rig

Drilling type Soil type Comments

Rotary drilling

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Soft rock Significant depths up to 5,000 meters
Possibility of inclined or horizontal drilling Down-the-hole drilling Hard and cracked rock (limestone, granite, etc.) Depth up to 4,000 meters Top hammer drilling Consolidated land Small diameter (150 mm maximum), shallow depth
Able to do inclined drilling Auger drilling Clay, clayey sand, gravel Depth of a few dozen meters

Core drilling

All soil types Drilling for soil analysis
Able to do inclined drilling Percussion drilling Hard rock: sandstone, limestone, shale Depth up to 100 meters Pipe Jacking Clay, clayey sand, gravel Installation of horizontal or vertical pipes

 

Rotary drilling: This type of drilling digs a hole by grinding the rock with a tool under the effect of weight and rotation. It is mainly used in oil production. The cuttings are brought to the surface under the pressure of a drilling fluid that is injected into the drill string. Drilling fluid also helps consolidate the walls of the borehole, so it is not necessary to case it as the operation progresses.

Down-the-hole drilling (rotary percussion drilling or rotary hammer drilling): this type of drilling uses drilling rigs that drill with a rotary cutter (drill head) and hammer the bottom of the hole with a pneumatic hammer. The excavated material rises to the surface under the pressure of the compressed air used for the hammer. These drilling rigs are powerful and have high drilling rates, especially in rock. For artesian wells (wells where water naturally rises to the surface under groundwater pressure) or geothermal drilling, an air injection at the end of the drill pipe pushes the water up the borehole, allowing the operator to immediately determine the water flow encountered. This type of drilling is used for hard and cracked ground up to 4,000 meters deep. When the drilling bit is eccentric, the drilling can be done with a casing advancement system (installation of tubes by gravity) which reinforces the hole as the drilling progresses.

Top hammer drilling: this type of drilling uses drilling rigs that also operate on a percussion system, but one that remains outside the borehole. They are mainly used for small diameter drilling, for example for mineral exploration or the installation of tie rods in rock. This system is used for shallow boreholes, as there can be significant deviation due to the structure of the ground drilled through. These drilling rigs can operate in any direction however.

Auger boring: This is a type of rotary drilling using a worm screw (the auger). This type of drilling is mainly used for unconsolidated clay or sand terrain. The excavated material is directly brought to the surface by the worm screw. For deep drilling, it may be necessary to regularly raise the auger to empty it of its excavated material.

Core drilling: Core drilling is similar to rotary drilling, but it uses a crown to extract a sample, called a core, inside the tool.

Percussion drilling: consists in breaking the rock by dropping a tool, the drill bit, by gravity. This type of drilling can only be used vertically. To prevent the borehole from collapsing, it is necessary to case it as it is drilled. The cuttings are reassembled as soon as they interfere with drilling by replacing the drill bit with a flap valve bailer. The flap valve bailer is a type of tube equipped with a tilting flap in the lower part. This tilting flap allows the tube to be filled with excavated material which is then transported to the surface.

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Pipe jacking: is mainly used to install horizontal pipes. The tube is pushed progressively by percussion, the excavated material being removed at the end of the drilling operation either by water injection or with an auger. This technique is used in particular to avoid transmitting vibrations to the surrounding buildings or to avoid digging a trench.

A cpneumatic crawler drilling rig is a light-duty deep-hole drilling rig that uses compressed air as power and is equipped with a crawler walking structure. Pneumatic crawler drill is mainly composed of track assembly, chassis assembly, drive assembly, fuel tank assembly, control assembly, column assembly, main engine assembly, hose assembly and other parts. It has the advantages of 360 ° horizontal angle drilling and so on. Crawler pneumatic drilling rigs can drill holes for water discharge, gas drainage, pressure relief holes in the bottom plate, slit holes in the roof, geological exploration holes, and mine blast holes. It saves time and effort and works efficiently.

The drilling operation and walking of the crawler pneumatic drill rig are controlled by an independent console. For drilling operations, you must first stabilize the drilling rig and turn the start-stop button of the drilling rig console to the stop position, and then move the back-end ball valve on the pumping station to get the air source for the drilling rig's pneumatic console.

As one of our most popular types of drilling equipment, it is very convenient to use. There are two reversing valves on the console to control the rotation and advance as well as retreat of the drilling rig respectively. There is also a ball valve to control the amount of water in the punching process. The right control valve controls the rotation of the rig. Push it forward, the host will rotate forward; pull it backward, the host will reverse; and push it to the middle position, the host will stop. The left control valve controls the forward and backward of the gyrator. When pushing it forward, the gyrator advances; when pulling it backward, the gyrator retreats; and when pushing it to the middle position, the gyrator stops.

The pneumatic crawler drill can be used when connected to the high-pressure tuyere. No motor and no electricity is required, so there is no risk of explosion and the safety parameter is high. The pneumatic crawler drill can work across belts and scrapers. It is suitable for perforation and blasting in mines, earth and rock engineering, severe cold areas, extreme areas, and high-altitude areas. It can also be used to drill and guide detection holes in tunnels and mines.

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