OLED Display Panel Technology | LCD vs. ...

May

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Tech observers and investors revel in lively discussions about the latest, greatest gadget and whose bottom line will get the greatest bounce. They enjoy debating the intricacies and details of materials that contribute to these devices, and the related trends and developments.  For us at Corning, materials innovators for 165 years, it&#;s been great to see a recent uptick in discussions about OLED versus LCD display panel technology - a genuine #GlassAge debate.

Corning.com staff sat down with Mike Kunigonis, business director for Corning&#;s High Performance Displays Group, to understand key differences between OLED and LCD display technology.

Corning.com:  Thanks for your time today, Mike. Let&#;s start with a key question:  In the context of display panels, how does OLED technology work and what are the main differences between it and LCD technology?

MK: OLED stands for Organic Light-Emitting Diode, or Organic LED.  It&#;s an alternative to LCDs for consumer electronic devices that range in size from wearable to TVs. Like LCD, OLED is a type of panel that enables the displays on device screens. An OLED display picture is generated by turning on and off millions of tiny individual LEDs, each forming the individual pixels of a display. Compare this to LCD, where an always-on backlight projects light through a liquid crystal, sandwiched between two pieces of glass. When the liquid crystal is excited by an electrical current, it lets the light of an individual pixel pass through like a shutter. LCD and OLED display panels both excel at delivering vibrant consumer displays, each in its own unique way.  

Corning.com: We&#;ve heard industry analysts with varying opinions on the benefits an OLED device offers. So why would a consumer prefer a device with an OLED display over an LCD display?

MK: Adoption of OLED displays on smaller, mobile devices is the driver behind most of today&#;s OLED industry growth, so let me focus on that. A handheld OLED display is attractive to consumers because of the industrial design and display attributes that this technology can support. For example, OLED displays can be curved, or be thinner, or have narrower bezels &#; or no bezels at all &#; or flex and bend.  Plus, an OLED display will be a great solution for virtual reality applications because it can provide high resolution and superior response time and latency.

From the iPhone X, Apple&#;s screen switched from LCD to OLED, until the iPhone 12 series were all OLED screens. OLED or LCD, which is better? What is the difference between these two?

1) Different Luminous principles

The LCD screen doesn&#;t emit by itself, it relays on the backlight layer to come true. Compared to OLED, LCD will have a backlight layer, so LCD screen is thicker. 

OLED displays place a series of organic thin films between two conductors. OLED displays generate images by applying electricity to organic materials inside the display. On an OLED, there is no backlight, each pixel gets its own illumination.

LCD Screen Decomposition Layers

2) Different of their material

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LCD screen uses inorganic material and OLED screen uses organic material.

Their materials determine the length of their lives. Compared with LCD screens, OLED screens age faster, it has a shorter service life.

OLED Screen Decomposition Layers

3) Color display is different

LCD screen relies on the backlight layer to emit, so its light is softer and more natural. OLED screens have a wider gamut and higher contrast ratio so that the display is richer and more vivid. It's worth mentioning that watching it for a long time can damage your eyes even more.

One primary difference between OLEDs and LCDs is that LCDs contain an LED backlight, and OLEDs do not.

LCD and OLED comparison

OLEDs are self-illuminating, so they have no backlight. This means LCDs are able to produce brighter images due to their powerful backlights.

4) Price difference

Compared to LCD, OLED will be more expensive.

Now I'm sure that after reading this article, you will be able to choose the screen you want according to your own requirements. 

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