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Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...

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Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network

Integrated Cryocooling System Option (-ICS-E)
The
Compatible Detector Types for -ICS-E: GEM, PROFILE

SMART-1 Option  (-SMP, -SMN)
The
Compatible Detector Types for -SMP: GEM, PROFILE, Safeguards GEM, Actinide-85
Compatible Detector Types for -SMN: GMX, GLP, Safeguards GLP

Ultra-High Count-Rate Preamplifier Option  (-PL)
The Ultra-High Count-Rate Preamplifier (transistor-reset preamplifier) can handle input count rates up to 1,000,000 counts/s at 1 MeV and offers the added benefit of having no feedback resistor.
Compatible Detector Types: GEM, PROFILE, GMX

Harsh Environment Option  (-HE)
The
Compatible Detector Types: GEM, PROFILE, GMX

Remote Preamplifier Option  (-HJ)
This option allows all the preamplifier and high voltage connections to be outside a shield and removes the preamplifier and high voltage filter from the &#;line-of-sight&#; to the Ge crystal. For low background applications, this option eliminates any possible preamplifier or high voltage filter components that may add to the background inside a shield.
Compatible Detector Types: GEM, PROFILE, GMX, GWL

Low-Background Carbon Fiber Endcap Options  (-RB, -LB-C, and -XLB-C)
The Low-Background Carbon Fiber Endcap is as strong as Al, Mg, and Cu, creates less background, does not corrode, and can detect energies less than 10 keV. This lower background material allows for lower Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) for a specific counting time, which provides another step in increasing sample throughput in low-background counting applications. The lower Z of Carbon Fiber provides a low-energy window without the additional background found in most alloys.
Compatible Detector Types: GEM, PROFILE, GMX

Beryllium Window Options  (-B)
Provides improved performance between 3 and 5 keV.
Compatible Detector Types: PROFILE

Aluminum Window Option  (-A)
An all aluminum endcap can be chosen if the energies of interest exceed 20 keV. 
Compatible Detector Types: GMX

Carbon Fiber Window Option  (-CW)
A carbon fiber window is available for energies greater than about 8 keV. While this window does not pass all the lower energies, carbon fiber has lower Z than Al and does not have any of the hazards associated with Be.
Compatible Detector Types: GMX

Low-Background Well  (-LB-AWT, and -XLB-AWT)
Low-background Well detectors are supplied with oxygen-free high conductivity (OFHC) copper endcaps with low-background high purity aluminum well tubes of 0.02 inch wall thickness.
Compatible Detector Types: GWL

(-ICS-E)The Integrated Cryocooling System (ICS) cryostat is sealed with a cryocooler and is immune to thermal short cycling. Unlike the typical three day loss of use of the detector with a standard type cryostat, the ICS can be re-cooled immediately, minimizing any time lost for temporary warm up.Compatible Detector Types for -ICS-E: GEM, PROFILE(-SMP, -SMN)The SMART-1 option monitors and reports on vital system functions, and can save authentication codes and report the code at a later time. It has the high voltage included, so none of the instruments require an external high-voltage power supply. The SMART-1 is housed in a rugged ABS molded plastic enclosure and is permanently attached to the detector endcap via a molded-strain-relieved sealed cable. This eliminates the possibility that the detector will suffer severe damage from moisture leaking into high-voltage connectors. The SMART-1 can be positioned in any convenient place and does not interfere with shielding or other mounting hardware.Compatible Detector Types for -SMP: GEM, PROFILE, Safeguards GEM, Actinide-85Compatible Detector Types for -SMN: GMX, GLP, Safeguards GLP(-PL)The Ultra-High Count-Rate Preamplifier (transistor-reset preamplifier) can handle input count rates up to 1,000,000 counts/s at 1 MeV and offers the added benefit of having no feedback resistor.Compatible Detector Types: GEM, PROFILE, GMX(-HE)The Harsh Environment option is a rugged carbon fiber endcap with a sealed electronics housing featuring a replaceable desiccant pack which ensures that the electronics stay 100% dry and indicates when it needs to be replaced. GEM series detectors in PopTop capsules of 76 mm diameter or larger can be supplied with this option.Compatible Detector Types: GEM, PROFILE, GMX(-HJ)This option allows all the preamplifier and high voltage connections to be outside a shield and removes the preamplifier and high voltage filter from the &#;line-of-sight&#; to the Ge crystal. For low background applications, this option eliminates any possible preamplifier or high voltage filter components that may add to the background inside a shield.Compatible Detector Types: GEM, PROFILE, GMX, GWL(-RB, -LB-C, and -XLB-C)The Low-Background Carbon Fiber Endcap is as strong as Al, Mg, and Cu, creates less background, does not corrode, and can detect energies less than 10 keV. This lower background material allows for lower Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) for a specific counting time, which provides another step in increasing sample throughput in low-background counting applications. The lower Z of Carbon Fiber provides a low-energy window without the additional background found in most alloys.Compatible Detector Types: GEM, PROFILE, GMX(-B)Provides improved performance between 3 and 5 keV.Compatible Detector Types: PROFILE(-A)An all aluminum endcap can be chosen if the energies of interest exceed 20 keV.Compatible Detector Types: GMX(-CW)A carbon fiber window is available for energies greater than about 8 keV. While this window does not pass all the lower energies, carbon fiber has lower Z than Al and does not have any of the hazards associated with Be.Compatible Detector Types: GMX(-LB-AWT, and -XLB-AWT)Low-background Well detectors are supplied with oxygen-free high conductivity (OFHC) copper endcaps with low-background high purity aluminum well tubes of 0.02 inch wall thickness.Compatible Detector Types: GWL

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