Working Principle of PET Blow Molding Machine
Working Principle of PET Blow Molding Machine
In brief, an automatic blow molding machine represents a sophisticated piece of intelligent machinery used in production. Currently, the predominant design is the two-step blow molding machine. The blow molding procedure can be categorized into two main phases: preheating and blow molding. Here, we will explore the detailed working principle:
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The Entire Preform Transfer
Initially, the automatic feeder loads the preform into a designated gripping position. Subsequently, the gripping clamp takes hold of the preform and transports it into the heating oven via a conveyor chain.
Pre-heating
The preform is then introduced into the infrared tube oven for heating through the transmission chain. This infrared oven utilizes two rows of horizontally arranged red line lamps, with temperature settings adjustable by a micro-controller PLC. Despite having different heights, both upper and lower lamps maintain a consistent temperature. To prevent alterations in bottle diameter, the bottom of the preform mouth typically remains unheated. Additionally, due to the high-temperature environment, the temperature is regulated through the dispersion tube in the chiller to ensure uniformity. Typically, from the midsection of the preform to the base of the bottle, temperature controls are strictly maintained. It's essential to note that as hot gas rises, the base of the bottle stays cooler; this prevents issues such as uneven thickness which could lead to rupture.
Blowing into a Bottle
The heated preform is then transferred to the mold clamping device for the blowing process. As the hot preform enters the mold, it seals the preform accordingly. The stretching rod situated at the bottom aids in stretching the preform upwards and allows the pre-blown gas to create initial pressure. Subsequently, low-pressure and then high-pressure gas are introduced in rapid succession, resulting in the bottle being instantaneously formed. A cold dryer is generally installed prior to pre-blowing; this system ensures that the gas is filtered to remove moisture and any lubricating oils. Clean gas results in bottles that lack any oily smell. Furthermore, the heat generated from the hot preform can increase the mold's temperature, affecting both the bottle and the machine itself. A chiller plays a crucial role in rapidly reducing the mold temperature to maintain product quality and production output.
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Recovery of Excess Gas
Upon completion of the initial blowing process with high and low-pressure gas, there is a discharge of gas that leads to energy loss and heightened consumption. Installation of a gas recovery system allows the pre-blowing and blowing gases to be redirected to a gas storage tank via a one-way valve, achieving energy savings of around 25%.
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